现在完成时难点瞬间动词转换成延续性动词.

现在完成时用法短暂性转换延续性1 转换成延续性动词如do keep have wear have a coldstart/begin to do sth. → do sth.borrow → keep lose → not havebuy → have put on → wearcatch/get a cold → have a coldget to know → know2 be +介词begin → be onbe in sw./at school/at home/on the farm3 be +形容词，副词come/go back, return → be back come/go out → be out close → be closed open → be openbecome → beget up → be up die → be deadleave sw. → be away from sw.fall asleep/get tot sleep → be asleepfinish/end → be over marry → be marriedbe here/be there4 join用法join the league/the Party/the army→ be a league/a Party member /a soldier→ be a member of the league/the Party→ be in the league/the Party/the army①arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw.→be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be thereHe got to Beijing five minutes ago.He ________ _________ _________ Beijing for _________ _________.I moved to the USA last year.I ________ ________ __________ the USA since __________ __________.I went home yesterday.I _______ ________ _________ home for _________ __________.They came here last week.They _________ _________ here since _________ __________.②come/go back, return → be back come/go out → be outHe came out two years ago.He _________ __________ _________ for __________ __________.We return to Fuzhou yesterday.We ________ ________ _________ to Fuzhou since __________.③become → beI became a teacher in 2000.I ________ __________ a teacher for _________ _________.The river became dirty last year.The river _________ _________ dirty for _________ __________.④close → be closed open → be openThe shop closed two hours ago.The shop ________ _________ _________ for _________ _________.The door opened at six in the morning.The door ________ ________ ________ for six hours.⑤get up → be up die → be deadleave sw. → be away from sw.fall asleep/get tot sleep → be asleepfinish/end → be over marry → be marriedI got up two hours ago.I ________ ________ ________ since ________ ________.He left Fuzhou just now.He _______ ________ ________ _________ Fuzhou for five minutes.My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa _______ _______ ________for _______ ________.The meeting finished at six.The meeting ________ ______ ______ for six hours.I got to sleep two hours ago.I ________ _________ _________ since _________ __________.They married in 1990.They ________ _________ __________since _________.⑥start/begin to do sth. → do sth. begin → be onI began to teach at this school in 1995.I ____ ____ at this school since ____.The film began two minutes ago.The film ____ ____ ____ for ____ ____.⑦borrow → keep lose → not have buy → have put on → wear catch/get a cold → have a cold get to know → knowThey borrowed it last week.They _________ _________ it since __________ __________.I bought a pen two hours ago.I _________ _________ a pen for ________ __________.I got to know him last year.I _________ __________ him since __________ __________.I put on my glasses three years ago.I __________ __________ my glasses for _________ _________.⑧have/has gone to → have been inHe has gone to Beijing.He ____ ____ _____ Beijing for two days.⑨join the league/the Party/the army→ be a league/a Party member/a soldier→ be a member of the league/the Party→ be in the league/the Party/the armyHe joined the league in 2002.入团He ________ _________ a _________ _________ for two years.He ________ __________ a __________ ___________ the __________ for two years.He ____________ ___________ ___________ the league for two years.My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother __________ __________ a ___________ for ___________ ___________.My brother ___________ ___________ in ____________ ___________ for two years.。

延续性动词与终止性动词：动词按其动作发生的方式，动作发生过程的长短，分为延续性动词和终止性动词。

延续性动词表示的动词是一种延续的动作，这种动词可以延续下去或产生持久的影响。

如：learn，work，stand，lie，know，walk，keep，have，wait，watch，sing，read，sleep，live终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词，表示的动作不能延续，即动作发生立即结束，产生某种结果。

在有了某种结果之后，就不能再继续下去。

如：leave，start，set out，arrive，reach，get to，begin，stop，shut，turn off，marry，put，put on，get up，wake，fall，join，receive，finish，end，complete，become，come，go，die，close，open，break，give，jump，buy，borrow等。

1．终止性动词的用法1）终止性动词可用来表示某一动作的完成，因此可用于现在完成时。

如：The plane has arrived飞机到了。

I have finished my homework．我已完成了作业。

2）终止性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续，所以其现在完成时（只限于肯定式）不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。

如：①他死了三年了。

误：He has died for three years．②他来这儿三个月了。

误：he has come here for three months．①②两句中的动词die和come都为终止性动词，它们可用于完成时，但不能同表示一段时间的状语for three years ／months连用。

那这两句如何译成英语呢？我们可采用下列方法：A．用能够表示持续状态的相应的延续性动词替换句中的终止性动词。

如：①He has been dead for three years．②He has been here for three months．将短暂性动词改为相应的延续性动词或短语和一段时间连用，其常用的方法有如下几种：a．用相应的延续性动词替换的主要有：buy→have，borrow→ keep，come ／go ／become→be，catch ／get a cold→have a cold，get to know→know等。

完成时态瞬间动词变延续性动词规则表延续性动词与终止性动词：动词按其动作发生的方式，动作发生过程的长短，分为延续性动词和终止性动词。

延续性动词表示的动词是一种延续的动作，这种动词可以延续下去或产生持久的影响。

如：learn，work，stand，lie，know，walk，keep， have，wait，watch，sing，read，sleep，live终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词，表示的动作不能延续，即动作发生立即结束，产生某种结果。

在有了某种结果之后，就不能再继续下去。

如：leave，start，set out，arrive，reach，get to，begin， stop，shut，turn off，marry，put，put on，get up，wake，fall，join，receive， finish，end，complete，become，come，go，die，close，open，break，give， jump，buy，borrow等。

1．终止性动词的用法1）终止性动词可用来表示某一动作的完成，因此可用于现在完成时。

如： The plane has arrived飞机到了。

I have finished my homework．我已完成了作业。

2）终止性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续，所以其现在完成时（只限于肯定式）不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。

如：①他死了三年了。

误：He has died for three years．②他来这儿三个月了。

误：he has come here for three months．①②两句中的动词die和come都为终止性动词，它们可用于完成时，但不能同表示一段时间的状语for three years ／months连用。

那这两句如何译成英语呢我们可采用下列方法：A．用能够表示持续状态的相应的延续性动词替换句中的终止性动词。

如：①He has been dead for three years．②He has been here for three months．将短暂性动词改为相应的延续性动词或短语和一段时间连用，其常用的方法有如下几种：a．用相应的延续性动词替换的主要有：buy→have，borrow→ keep，come ／go ／become→be，catch ／get a cold→have a cold，get to know→know等。

瞬间动词如何与延续性动词转换瞬间动词如何与延续性动词转换在学习现在完成时的过程中，我们经常碰到类似这样的句子：1）这辆自行车我已经买了五年了。

2）这位老人已经去世五年了。

此时，有些同学就想当然的将之翻译为：1)I have bought this bike for five years.（此句突出“买”的动作。

言下之意，到现在还没有买到。

）2)The old man has died for five years.(此句突出“死”的动作，给人的感觉是“这位老人五年期间一直在死亡线上挣扎”。

)造成这种错误的主要原因是学习者在运用动词的过程中，将瞬间动词与延续性动词混为一谈。

那么，什么是瞬间动词呢？简而言之，瞬间动词也叫短暂性动词或终止性动词。

这种动词是指它们动作的开始也就意味着动作的结束，所以不能直接跟表示一段的时间状语连用。

那么，如何使瞬间动词与表示一段时间的状语连用呢？此时，我们可以将这些词转换成意义相近的延续性词（组），从而间接表示其中的意思。

这里试就常见的一些词及替换词作一简要小结：瞬间动词延续性动词die be deadopen (动词) be open （形容词）close (动词) be closed（形容词）get up be upfall asleep be asleepfinish be overleave be awaystart/begin be onbuy haveborrow keepcatch a cold have a coldjoin (1) be a + 成员；职业(2) be in+ 集团；组织；单位实战演练:一、同义句转换1. He came here three years ago.He ___________ ___________ here for three years.2. School finished a month ago.School ___________ ___________ ___________for a month.3. He borrowed this book a week ago.He___________ ___________ this book for a week.4. The factory opened ten years ago.The factory ___________ ______________________ for ten years5. The man joined the army two years ago.The man ___________ ___________ a soldier since two years ago.6. Mary arrived in Shanghai last year.Mary ___________ ___________ ___________ Shanghai since a year ago.7. She got up an hour ago.She ___________ ___________ ___________ for an hour.8. He bought this book three weeks ago.He ___________ ___________ this book for threeweeks.9. The film began an hour ago.The film ___________ ___________ ___________for an hour.10. How long ___________ you ___________ this book? (borrow)11. I bought the pencil about three months ago.I ___________ ___________ the pencil since three months ago.12. Jim left England three years ago.Jim ___________ ___________ ______________________England for three years.13. He left here last yearHe ___________ ___________ ___________ here for a year.14. Li Lei came back two weeks ago.________________________________15.The man died five years ago.________________________________二、根据中英文提示完成句子１、史密斯来中国已经三年了。

现在完成时之瞬间动词转变为持续性动词一、兴趣导入：Teacher: Tom, why are you late for school every day?Tom: Every time I come to the corner, a sign says, "School-Go Slow".二、知识点回顾：现在完成时基本用法三、（1）专题讲解：在完成时中,一个瞬间性动词(一次性动作)不能与表示一段时间的状语(for, since, how long等)连用,此时须将该瞬间动词改为延续性动词或状态动词.Eg:buy ( bought ) --- have / has had 买borrow (borrowed) --- have / has kept 借die ( died ) --- have / has been dead 死leave ( left ) --- have / has been away ( from ) 离开begin ( began ) --- have / has been on 开始join ( joined) --- have / has been in 参加--- have / has been a ( party) membergo (went) --- have / has been there / in 去come/arrive/reach/get to --- have / has been here / in 来/到达end (ended) ----- have/has been over 结束eg. The film began five minutes ago.------The film has been on for five minutes.------It has been five minutes since the film began.用“be＋形容词”代终止性动词1、be＋married代marry2、be＋ill代fall (get) ill3、be＋dead代die4、be＋asleep代fall (get) asleep5、be＋awake代wake/wake up6、be＋gone代lose,die,sell,leave7、be＋open代open8、be closed代close/shut用“be＋副词”代终止性动词1“b e＋on”代start,begin2“be＋up”代get up3“be＋back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等用“be＋介词短语”代终止性动词1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to2.用be in the army 代替join the army3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to四、巩固练习：将瞬间动词变成延续性动词表：1. have arrived at/in....... got to/reached...... come/gone/moved to...... →2. have come/gone back/returned →3. have come/g one out →4. have become →5. have closed / opened→6. have fallen ill→7. have died →8. have left...... →9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep →10. have finished/ended/completed →11. have married →12. have begun →13. have borrowed/bought →14. have/has gone to →15. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army→五、拓展训练:1.你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？2. 我刚刚丢了我的化学书。

现在完成时中瞬间动词变延续性动词总结现在完成时是英语中一种重要的时态形式，用于表示过去发生的动作或事件对现在造成的影响或结果。

在现在完成时中，有两类常见的动词形式，即瞬间动词与延续性动词。

本文旨在总结现在完成时中瞬间动词如何变成延续性动词的规则和特点。

1. 延续性动词的定义：延续性动词表示一个动作或状态在时间上的延续，通常与时间段、频率或者持续性相联系。

例如：live（居住），work（工作），study（学习）等。

2. 瞬间动词的定义：瞬间动词表示一个动作或状态在时间上的瞬间发生，通常没有延续性。

例如：arrive（到达），finish（完成），buy （购买）等。

现在完成时中，将瞬间动词转变为延续性动词的方法如下：1. 加入持续性的时间状语：通过加入表示时间段的状语来表达动作的延续性。

例如：- He has been living in London for three years.（他已经在伦敦居住三年了。

）- She has been studying English since last month.（她从上个月开始一直在学习英语。

）2. 加入频率状语：通过加入表示动作频率的状语来表达延续性。

例如：- They have been playing tennis every weekend.（他们每个周末都在打网球。

）- I have been working out at the gym twice a week.（我每周在健身房锻炼两次。

）3. 加入表示动作状态的状语：通过加入表示动作状态的状语来表达延续性。

例如：- The team has been practicing hard for the upcoming tournament.（这个团队一直在为即将到来的比赛进行努力训练。

）- She has been studying diligently for her exams.（她为了考试一直努力学习。

延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。

一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。

延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。

表示时间段的短语有: ⑴for+一段时间, 如：for 2 years; ⑵since从句, 如since he came here; since+过去时间点名词, 如since last year, since 5 days ago。

例: He has lived here for 6 years.You can keep the book for 5 days.二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词, 表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。

如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。

非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock;例:He died 5 years ago.三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：（考试重点）例：He left five minutes ago. = He has been away for five minutes.这句话的意思是指他离开的动作是5分钟之前发生的，是过去时。

也就是说从他离开到现在已经有五分钟了，这个动作是延续的，要用现在完成时，并且要把原来的短暂性动词改为延续性动词。

一些短暂性动词及相应的延续性动词：arrive（get to /reach）→ be here (in)begin(start) → be ondie → be deadcome here（back）→be here（back）leave → be away (from)fall ill(sick, asleep)→be ill(sick, asleep)get up→ be upgo/ get out（there）→ be out（there）finish → be overput on → wear 或be onopen → be open（keep sth. open）join → be in或be a member of…+组织机构close → be closedgo to school → be a studentborrow →keepbuy/get →havecatch(a cold) → have(a cold)get to know → know begin to study → study come to work → work move to → live in finish → be over come to → be insit down → be seated marry → be married dress → be dressed become → be。

现在完成时中瞬间动词变延续性动词总结在现代汉语中，现在完成时是表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响的一种时态。

而在现在完成时中，瞬间动词和延续性动词的用法有所不同。

本文将从理论和实践两个方面，对现在完成时中瞬间动词变延续性动词进行总结。

一、现在完成时的构成现在完成时由“助动词have/has + 过去分词”构成。

例如：I have seen that movie.(我已经看过那部电影了。

)二、瞬间动词变延续性动词1. 瞬间动词变成延续性动词的方法在现在完成时中，瞬间动词变为延续性动词的方法主要是通过加上“-ing”后缀。

例如：come -> coming;go -> going;see -> seeing等。

这种变化使得原本表示瞬间动作的动词变成了表示持续性动作的动词。

2. 延续性动词的使用场合延续性动词表示的动作在时间上没有明确的结束点，通常是持续性的。

在现在完成时中，延续性动词的使用场合主要包括以下几种：(1)表示一个长时间内一直在进行的动作。

例如：I have been studying English for 5 years.(我已经学习英语5年了。

)(2)表示一个习惯性的动作或者状态。

例如：She has been playing the piano since she was a child.(她从小就一直在弹钢琴。

)(3)表示一个与现在有关联的动作或状态。

例如：He has been living in this city for 3 years.(他已经在这个城市生活了3年了。

)三、结论现在完成时中瞬间动词变延续性动词是一种常见的语法现象。

通过掌握这种现象，我们可以更好地理解和使用现在完成时这一时态。

这也有助于我们提高自己的语言表达能力，使我们的语言更加地规范和准确。

延续性动词与‎瞬间动词的转‎换一、瞬间动词也叫‎短暂性动词或‎终止性动词。

这种动词是指‎它们动作的开‎始也就意味着‎动作的结束，所以不能直接‎跟表示一段的‎时间状语连用‎。

那么，如何使瞬间动‎词与表示一段‎时间的状语连‎用呢？此时，我们可以将这‎些词转换成意‎义相近的延续‎性词（组），从而间接表示‎其中的意思。

二、瞬间动词与延‎续性动词的区‎别：1、用于完成时的‎区别1）延续动词表示‎经验、经历；2）瞬间动词表示‎行为的结果，不能与表示段‎的时间状语连‎用。

eg. 1.He has comple‎t ed the work.他已完成了那‎项工作。

(表结果)2.I've known him since then.我从那时起就‎认识他了。

(表经历)2、用于till‎和until‎从句的差异1）延续动词用于‎肯定句，表示“做……，直到……”2）瞬间动词用于‎否定句，表示“到……，才……”eg. 1.He didn't come back until ten o'clock. 他到10点才‎回来。

2.He slept until ten o'clock.他一直睡到1‎0点。

三、瞬间动词到延‎续性动词的转‎换：这里对一些词‎做一些总结：瞬间动词可转换的延续‎性动词（组）arrive‎be herebegin/start be ondie be deadfall ill/sick/asleep‎ be ill/sick/asleep‎get up be upgo out be outfinish‎ be overput on wear或b‎e onopen be open(adj.)join be in或bea member‎of…close be closed‎go to school‎ be a studen‎tborrow‎keepbuy havecatch(a cold) have(a cold)get to know knowbegin to study studycome to work workget up be upleave be away from等如：1.He has been a soldie‎r for three years. 他参军三年了‎。

现在完成时中非延续性动词（瞬间动词）与延续性动词的转换leave → be away离开;borrow → keep借;buy → have买;begin/start → be on开始/上演;die → be dead;finish ／end ／stop→ be over结束/完成join → be in+组织机构或be a member of+组织机构；open/close sth → keep sth open/closed；fall ill → be ill；get up → be up；catch ／get a cold → have a cold感冒；come here → be here；go there → be there；become → be成为；come back → be back；fall asleep → be asleep睡着；get to/ arrive/reach → be (in)；leave → be away from；get to know → know；go (get) out → be out；put on → wear；catch a cold →have a cold; go to school → be in school ／be a student上学; go abroad → be abroad去国外;marry → be married（to）结婚; wake up → be awake 醒;make friends with → be friends with成为/交朋友;lose → be lost ／be missing ／be gone 丢失; lose one's job ／work → be out of work ／a job请看例句1.The old man died 4 years ago.→ The old man has been dead for 4 years.→ It is 4 years since the old man died.→ Four years has passed since the old man died.请看例句2.He joined the Party 2 years ago.→ He has been in the Party for 2 years.→He has been a Party member for 2 years.请看例句3. He joined the army 5 years ago.→ He has been in the army for 5 years.→ He has served in the army for 5 years.→He has been a soldier for 5 years.请看例句4.I bought the book 5 days ago.→ I have had the book for 5 days.。