煤化工专业英语 翻译 第一课

Unit 1 Chemical Industry化学工业1.Origins of the Chemical IndustryAlthough the use of chemicals dates back to the ancient civilizations, the evolution of what we know as the modern chemical industry started much more recently. It may be considered to have begun during the Industrial Revolution, about 1800, and developed to provide chemicals roe use by other industries. Examples are alkali for soapmaking, bleaching powder for cotton, and silica and sodium carbonate for glassmaking. It will be noted that these are all inorganic chemicals. The organic chemicals industry started in the 1860s with the exploitation of William Henry Perkin’s discovery if the first synthetic dyestuff—mauve. At the start of the twentieth century the emphasis on research on the applied aspects of chemistry in Germany had paid off handsomely, and by 1914 had resulted in the German chemical industry having 75% of the world market in chemicals. This was based on the discovery of new dyestuffs plus the development of both the contact process for sulphuric acid and the Haber process for ammonia. The later required a major technological breakthrough that of being able to carry out chemical reactions under conditions of very high pressure for the first time. The experience gained with this was to stand Germany in good stead, particularly with the rapidly increased demand for nitrogen-based compounds (ammonium salts for fertilizers and nitric acid for explosives manufacture) with the outbreak of world warⅠin 1914. This initiated profound changes which continued during the inter-war years (1918-1939).1．化学工业的起源尽管化学品的使用可以追溯到古代文明时代，我们所谓的现代化学工业的开展却是非常近代〔才开始的〕。

Chiguo Chapter 8 Section 1 Coal-Fired Power Plants燃煤发电站第一段：在化石燃料发电厂中，煤，石油或者天然气在燃烧室中燃烧，燃烧产生高温的水，然后转换成水蒸气，高温的水蒸气将驱动汽轮机，汽轮机与发电机机械地连接在一起。

图8.1展示了一个典型的图表示意图。

发电厂的运行用一下简洁的语言概述。

从仓库取出煤块放入粉煤机（或者磨粉机）中粉碎，然后与预热的空气混合，最后充入燃烧室中燃烧。

燃烧室包含一个复杂的管道，抽上的水灌输到一个叫锅炉的设备中，锅炉里面水的温度逐渐上升直至它们成为水蒸气。

水蒸气被送至汽轮机中，与此同时，燃烧的废气（烟道气体）通过物理和静电除尘装置除掉99%以上的固体颗粒（灰尘）在通过烟囱或烟囱体排放出去之前。

第二段：刚刚描述的单元，是输入煤粉，空气和水输出水蒸气的单元，这几个方面的系统被统称为蒸汽发电机组，或燃烧室，或者蒸汽发生器。

当考虑根据是燃烧过程的时候常用“燃烧室”这个术语，同时当考虑因素是水汽循环时，“蒸汽发生器”这个术语被更频繁的使用。

水蒸气的3500磅/平方英寸的典型气压和华氏零下1050度的条件，是通过控制和停止（关闭）汽轮机阀门来提供的。

整齐的热能转化为水轮机的机械能。

从排气机中排出的蒸汽在热交换器中成为冷凝器中冷却形成水，再次被泵抽回锅炉里。

通过调节蒸汽的流量变化来控制涡轮发电机的输出。

截止阀具有保护作用，它通常是完全开放的，但可以“跳闸”关闭，以防止汽轮机发电机组超速，使电力输出突然下贱（由于断路器的行动）和控制阀不关闭。

第三段：图8-1表明的是一个单阶段汽轮机，但在实际中一个更加复杂的多级排列被使用以便能实现相对较高的热效率。

一个典型的多级排列如图8-2所示。

它包括四个有着不同蒸汽气压的汽轮机机械地耦合串联在一起。

用常规的概述就是高压蒸汽来自锅炉然后进入高压汽轮机。

在之前离开高压汽轮机的水蒸气回到锅炉（再热器）地区，然后送往中压汽轮机。

化工专业英语第一片翻译元素与化合物元素是单纯的物质，不能通过一般的化学变化分解成为更简单的物质。

目前已知有109个元素。

一些你熟悉的常见元素是碳、氧、铝、铁、氮和金。

元素是组成物质的基本单元，就象0到9的数字是组成数的基本单元一样。

就我们所知，已经在地球上发现的元素也是组成整个宇宙的元素。

havebeenproducedingenerallymallamountinnucleare某ploion(爆炸)andnuclearreearch.Theyareman-madeelement.大约有85%的元素可以在大自然的矿物或者植物中，以及如水和二氧化碳这样的物质中找到，通常与别的元素结合。

铜、银、金和别处约20%的元素可以在大自然中以高纯度的形式找到。

有16种元素是不能在大自然中找到的，这些元素已经由核爆炸或者核研究中少量的制造出来，他们是人造元素。

两种或者更多种元素结合成的单纯物质称为化合物。

化合物与元素不同，由于其中含有两种或者更多种的元素，所以能够由化学变化分解成为更简单的物质。

化合物化学分解的最终结果是生成组成该化合物的元素。

不同元素的原子以整个数之比结合为化合物，而不是一个原子的一部分。

一些原子与另一些其他原子结合成的化合物或者以分子存在，或者以离子存在。

化合物中的一个分子是由两个或者更多的原子结合而成的很小且不带电荷的单元，当我们把一滴水分成越来越小的部分，我们最终得到一个称之为水分子的单元。

这个水分子由结合在一起的两个氢原子和一个氧原子组成。

我们不把这个水分子消灭，即破坏成为组成它的元素，就不能把它再分割。

因而水分子是水这种化合物的最小单元。

一个离子是带正电荷或者带负电荷的原子或者原子团。

化合物中的离子靠正负电荷的吸引结合为晶体结构。

由离子组成的化合物不以分子形式存在。

氯化钠是非分子化合物的一个例子。

尽管这种化合物由大量的正离子和负离子组成，但其分子式通常按这种化合物中不同原子的最简单的整数比表示。

化学工程与工艺专业英语课文翻译Unit 1 Chemical Industry化学工业 ...................................................................................... - 1 -Unit 2 Research and Development研究和开发................................................................... - 3 -Unit 3 Typical Activities of Chemical Engineers化学工程师的例行工作............................ - 5 -Unit 4 Sources of Chemicals化学资源 ................................................................................. - 7 -Unit 5 Basic Chemicals基本化学品...................................................................................... - 9 -Unit 6 Chlor-Alkali and Related Processes氯碱及其相关过程.......................................... - 10 -Unit 7 Ammonia, Nitric Acid and Urea氯、硝酸和尿素 ................................................... - 12 -Unit 8 Petroleum Processing石油加工 .............................................................................. - 15 -Unit 9 Polymers 聚合物 ................................................................................................... - 16 -Unit 10 What Is Chemical Engineering?什么是化学工程学 .............................................. - 18 -Unit 11 Chemical and Process Thermodynamics化工热力学 ........................................... - 21 -Unit 12 What do we mean by transport phenomena ?如何定义传递现象 ...................... - 23 -Unit 13 Unit Operations in Chemical Engineering化学工程中的单元操作...................... - 24 -Unit14 Distillation蒸馏....................................................................................................... - 26 -Unit 15 Solvent Extraction, Leaching and Adsorption溶剂萃取，浸取和吸附................ - 28 -Unit 16 Evaporation, Crystallization and Drying蒸发、结晶和干燥................................. - 31 -Unit 17 Chemical Reaction Engineering化学反应工程 ..................................................... - 33 -Unit18 Chemical Engineering Modeling化工建模 ............................................................. - 36 -Unit 19 Introduction to Process Design过程设计简介...................................................... - 37 -Unit 20 Material Science and Chemical Engineer材料科学和化学工程........................... - 39 -Unit 21 Chemical Industry and Environment化学工业与环境 ......................................... - 42 -Unit 1 Chemical Industry化学工业1．化学工业的起源尽管化学品的使用可以追溯到古代文明时代，我们所谓的现代化学工业的发展却是非常近代（才开始的）。

middle distillate 中间馏份Mitigation 减少，减排Mtce 一种能量单位百万吨标煤NOx 氮氧化物noxious material 有害物质Off the shelf 现货供应One-through design 一次通过方式Operating &maintenance / O&M 运行维护Overnight 隔夜oxygenated fuel 氧化燃料Oxygen-blown gasification 氧吹气化Ozone 臭氧paraffin 石蜡Pilot plant scale 试验厂规模PM for particulate matter 颗粒物Poly-generation 多联产Poly-generation technology 多联产技术Power island 动力岛power sector 电力行业ppb level 十亿分率水平pressurized canister 加压罐Process configuration 工艺配置Process heat 工艺用热Production cost 生产成本Propane 丙烷public good 公共福利Purge gas 净化气体Quench 冷Reaction conditions: P for pressure T for temperature 反应条件: P 代表压力，T代表温度Recycle design 循环方式reduce 还原;减少refinery 炼油renewable energy 可再生能源residual 渣油Saturator 饱和器semi-refined 半精制的Single(or One)-pass conversion 一次通过的转化率Slurry 浆SO2 二氧化硫social cost 社会成本Soot 烟灰Spark-ignition engine 火花引燃式发动机Stand-alone 单独的Streamline 简化使有效率Sulfur 硫Syncrude 合成原油Syngas or synthesis gas 合成气Syngas park 合成气园Synthesis 合成Synthesis conversion 合成转化率synthesis reactor 合成反应器Synthetic fuel 合成燃料TFESTTI for Technical Infrastructure 技术基础设施toxic metal 有毒金属物Unreacted 未反应的USDOE 美国能源部Vapor pressure 蒸汽压Vent 排放Water gas shift / WGS 水煤气变换aerosol propellant气溶胶喷射剂aftertreatment 后处理ammonia 氨Annual capacity factor年均利用率Annual capital charge rate 年均资本回收率aromatic 芳族化合物As-received收到基(煤)atmospheric pollution 大气污染Auto-ignition temperature自燃温度，自燃点biodiesel 生物柴油Biomass 生物质Blend 混和Boiling point沸点Capacity 容量capital intensity 资本强度Carbon emission 二氧化碳排放Carbon sequestration 埋存碳(二氧化碳)Carbon(CO2) capture and storage 回收并储存碳(二氧化碳) Catalyst 催化剂CBM 煤层气C-C bond 碳-碳化学键Cetane (number) 十六烷值Chemical feedstock 化工原料Chemicals 化工产品CNG 压缩天然气CO2 二氧化碳Coal (syngas) polygeneration 煤气化多联产Coal derived 煤基Coal mining 采煤Coal slurry 水煤浆coal steam-electric plant 火电厂Coalsteam plant with FGD 火力发电厂烟气脱硫Co-capture / Co-storage (或CC+CS) 联合回收/联合存储cold start 冷态启动Commercial scale 大规模、工业规模Compression-ignition engine or CIE 压燃式发动机Cool Water demonstration 冷水示范电厂Cooling water 冷却水coproduct 副产物Co-production 联产Cost estimate 成本估计Cracking catalyst 裂化催化剂Crude oil 原油DCL / Direct coal liquefaction 煤直接液化Dehydration of methanol 甲醇脱水反应Density 密度Desulfurization 脱硫diesel engine 柴油发动机Dimethyl ether or DME CH3OCH3 二甲醚Direct liquefaction technology 直接液化技术Disengagement zone 分离区electricity or power generation 发电Energy Mix 能源构成Equilibrium limit 化学平衡限制Equivalent 等价物ER for emission rate 排放率Externality 外部因素Financial cost 经济成本，财务成本Fischer-Tropsch synthesis or F-T 费脱合成Flammability limits 可燃极限FTL for F-T liquids 费脱合成液体燃料Fuel cycle 燃料循环Gasification 气化Gasoline 汽油Gas-phase reactor 气相反应器GHG emissions mitigation 减排温室气体Global warming 全球变暖Greenhouse gas or GHG 温室气体Grid 电网Grind 碾碎GTL for Gas To Liquids 气变油H2/CO ratio or H/C ratio 合成气中氢气/一氧化碳含量比，氢碳比H2S 硫化氢HC for hydrocarbon 烃，碳氢化合物HC fuel 烃类燃料Health cost 健康损害Heating 采暖heavy-duty 重型的Hybrid-electric 混合电能hydrogenation 加氢作用ICL for Indirect Coal Liquefaction 煤间接液化IGCC plant 整体煤气化联合循环电厂Installed capital cost 建设投资成本intellectual property 知识产权JV for joint venture 合资企业Life cycle 全生命周期Liquefaction 液化Liquid-phase 液相Liquid-phase reactor 液相反应器Location factor 区域因子LowEff Low efficiencyLower heat value 低位热值LPG 液化石油气Lube oil 润滑油methane 甲烷Methanol or MeOH CH3OH 甲醇middle distillate 中间馏份Mitigation 减少，减排Mtce 一种能量单位百万吨标煤NOx 氮氧化物noxious material 有害物质Off the shelf 现货供应One-through design 一次通过方式Operating &maintenance / O&M 运行维护Overnight 隔夜oxygenated fuel 氧化燃料Oxygen-blown gasification 氧吹气化Ozone 臭氧paraffin 石蜡Pilot plant scale 试验厂规模PM for particulate matter 颗粒物Poly-generation 多联产Poly-generation technology 多联产技术Power island 动力岛power sector 电力行业ppb level 十亿分率水平pressurized canister 加压罐Process configuration 工艺配置Process heat 工艺用热Production cost 生产成本Propane 丙烷public good 公共福利Purge gas 净化气体Quench 激冷Reaction conditions: P for pressure Tfor temperature 反应条件: P代表压力，T代表温度Recycle design 循环方式reduce 还原;减少refinery 炼油renewable energy 可再生能源residual 渣油Saturator 饱和器semi-refined 半精制的Single(or One)-pass conversion 一次通过的转化率Slurry 浆SO2 二氧化硫social cost 社会成本Soot 烟灰Spark-ignition engine 火花引燃式发动机Stand-alone 单独的Streamline 简化使有效率Sulfur 硫Syncrude 合成原油Syngas or synthesis gas 合成气Syngas park 合成气园Synthesis 合成Synthesis conversion 合成转化率synthesis reactor 合成反应器Synthetic fuel 合成燃料TI for Technical Infrastructure 技术基础设施toxic metal 有毒金属物Unreacted 未反应的USDOE 美国能源部Vapor pressure 蒸汽压Vent 排放Water gas shift / WGS 水煤气变换aerosol propellant 气溶胶喷射剂aftertreatment 后处理ammonia 氨Annual capacity factor 年均利用率Annual capital charge rate 年均资本回收率aromatic 芳族化合物As-received 收到基(煤)atmospheric pollution 大气污染Auto-ignition temperature 自燃温度，自燃点biodiesel 生物柴油Biomass 生物质Blend 混和Boiling point 沸点Capacity 容量capital intensity 资本强度Carbon balance 碳平衡Carbon emission 二氧化碳排放Carbon sequestration 埋存碳(二氧化碳)Carbon(CO2) capture and storage 回收并储存碳(二氧化碳) Catalyst 催化剂CBM 煤层气C-C bond 碳-碳化学键Cetane (number) 十六烷值Chemical feedstock 化工原料Chemicals 化工产品CNG 压缩天然气CO2 二氧化碳Coal (syngas) polygeneration 煤气化多联产Coal derived 煤基Coal mining 采煤Coal slurry 水煤浆coal steam-electric plant 火电厂Coalsteam plant with FGD 火力发电厂烟气脱硫Co-capture / Co-storage (或CC+CS) 联合回收/联合存储cold start 冷态启动Commercial scale 大规模、工业规模Compression-ignition engine or CIE 压燃式发动机Cool Water demonstration 冷水示范电厂Cooling water 冷却水coproduct 副产物Co-production 联产Cost estimate 成本估计Cracking catalyst 裂化催化剂Crude oil 原油DCL / Direct coal liquefaction 煤直接液化Dehydration of methanol 甲醇脱水反应Density 密度Desulfurization 脱硫diesel engine 柴油发动机Dimethyl ether or DME CH3OCH3 二甲醚Direct liquefaction technology 直接液化技术Disengagement zone 分离区electricity or power generation 发电Energy balance 能量平衡Energy Mix 能源构成Equilibrium limit 化学平衡限制Equivalent 等价物ER for emission rate 排放率Externality 外部因素Financial cost 经济成本，财务成本Fischer-Tropsch synthesis or F-T 费脱合成Flammability limits 可燃极限FTL for F-T liquids 费脱合成液体燃料Fuel cycle 燃料循环Gasification 气化Gasoline 汽油Gas-phase reactor 气相反应器GHG emissions mitigation 减排温室气体Global warming 全球变暖Greenhouse gas or GHG 温室气体Grid 电网Grind 碾碎GTL for Gas To Liquids 气变油H2/CO ratio or H/C ratio 合成气中氢气/一氧化碳含量比，氢碳比H2S 硫化氢HC for hydrocarbon 烃，碳氢化合物HC fuel 烃类燃料Health cost 健康损害Heating 采暖heavy-duty 重型的Hybrid-electric 混合电能hydrogenation 加氢作用ICL for Indirect Coal Liquefaction 煤间接液化IGCC plant 整体煤气化联合循环电厂Installed capital cost 建设投资成本intellectual property 知识产权JV for joint venture 合资企业Life cycle 全生命周期Liquefaction 液化Liquid-phase 液相Liquid-phase reactor 液相反应器Location factor 区域因子LowEff Low efficiencyLower heat value 低位热值LPG 液化石油气Lube oil 润滑油methane 甲烷Methanol or MeOH CH3OH 甲醇middle distillate 中间馏份Mitigation 减少，减排Mtce 一种能量单位百万吨标煤NOx 氮氧化物noxious material 有害物质Off the shelf 现货供应One-through design 一次通过方式Operating &maintenance / O&M 运行维护Overnight 隔夜oxygenated fuel 氧化燃料Oxygen-blown gasification 氧吹气化Ozone 臭氧paraffin 石蜡Pilot plant scale 试验厂规模PM for particulate matter 颗粒物Poly-generation 多联产Poly-generation technology 多联产技术Power island 动力岛power sector 电力行业ppb level 十亿分率水平pressurized canister 加压罐Process configuration 工艺配置Process heat 工艺用热Production cost 生产成本Propane 丙烷public good 公共福利Purge gas 净化气体Quench 冷Recycle design 循环方式reduce 还原;减少refinery 炼油renewable energy 可再生能源residual 渣油Saturator 饱和器semi-refined 半精制的Single(or One)-pass conversion 一次通过的转化率Slurry 浆SO2 二氧化硫social cost 社会成本Soot 烟灰Spark-ignition engine 火花引燃式发动机Stand-alone 单独的Streamline 简化使有效率Sulfur 硫Syncrude 合成原油Syngas or synthesis gas 合成气Syngas park 合成气园Synthesis 合成Synthesis conversion 合成转化率synthesis reactor 合成反应器Synthetic fuel 合成燃料TFESTTI for Technical Infrastructure 技术基础设施toxic metal 有毒金属物Unreacted 未反应的USDOE 美国能源部Vapor pressure 蒸汽压Vent 排放Water gas shift / WGS 水煤气变换China Coal Right Element For Chemical FirmsFor years China has been a magnet for the chemicals industry, attracting European and American companies with its cheap production costs and growing market.Now China has another attraction for the energy-intense chemical industry: vast supplies of coal that can replace oil and natural gas as raw materials for chemical production.In the last two years, China has built nearly 20 plants that convert coal into a gas that can be used to make such things as plastic and pharmaceuticals, according to the Gasification Technologies Council, an industry trade group. The new plants draw on technology developed by companies such as General Electric Co. and Royal Dutch Shell PLC. Now, Western chemical firms are getting in on the action. Celanese Corp. opened a plant this year that uses coal-based feedstock to make a chemical used in paints and food sweeteners. Dow Chemical Co. has partnered with Chinese energy company Shenhua Group Corp. to study a project to convert coal into plastics. Mining company Anglo American PLC is also looking at a coal-to-chemicals project. Suppliers to the chemical industry, such as Praxair Inc., are vying to open accounts with the new coal-to-chemical plants.'Coal to chemicals is an opportunity that's literally exploding [in China] right now,' says Timothy Vail, chief executive and president of Synthesis Energy Systems Inc., a company that builds coal-gasification plants. Launching their own coal-to-chemicals projects in China represents one way Western companies are fighting to keep their competitive edge. In the past decade, chemicals makers based in Europe and North America have lost market share to their counterparts in Asia, where demand for chemicals is rapidly growing.China's government, meanwhile, has orchestrated the buildup of the coal-to-chemicals industry in an effort to reduce the nation's growing dependence on imported natural gas. Using China's vast coal deposits to make chemicals and plastics provides a more reliable source of raw materials that can feed the expansion of China's main economic growth engine, its manufacturing sector. The new plants also replace older, soot-belching chemical factories that have earned the government a bad reputation for the pollution they create in Chinese cities.Gasification technology, which uses high temperatures and pressure to break the molecular bonds in coal to produce gases that can be recombined into a variety of fuels and chemicals, has existed for more than a century. Germany gasified coal to fuel its planes during World War II. China has made fertilizers through gasification for decades. But there had been little incentive for the global chemical industry to gasify coal until prices began soaring for natural gas and oil.North America has its own huge reserves of coal, sparking interest in gasification plants in that continent as well. But development has been slowed by concerns that the projects would contribute to growing emissions of the gases that cause global warming. Among fossil fuels, coal emits an especially large amount of carbon dioxide when being burned, and man-made carbon dioxide is one of the most prevalent gases that human activities are contributing to earth's rising temperatures. Gasifying coal to produce chemicals emits less carbon dioxide than does burning coal as fuel, but the process still ejects more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere than using natural gas would produce, says Eric Larson, a research engineer at the Princeton Environmental Institute.The U.S. government doesn't yet limit nationwide the amount of global-warming emissions industry can release into the air. But the future prospect of such rules, along with coal's dirty reputation, has kept coal gasification from catching on in the U.S. on the same scale as it has in China, analysts say. 'There is a stigma about coal because of its historical environmental and safety concerns,' says Edward Glatzer, director of technology at Nexant Inc., a San Francisco-based consulting firm.Some of the Western companies planning to jump into the sector in China, including Dow Chemical, are considering ways to offset or store the global-warming emissions their projects will generate. One possibility -- a process that would inject carbon dioxide deep underground for storage -- is a largely untested technology that is likely to be very expensive. In the meantime, gasification projects are getting speedily green-lighted in China without concern over emissions.China is poised to surpass the U.S. as the No. 1 emitter of greenhouse gases in the world. Studies show that about one-fourth of China's global-warming emissions are released in the process of making the tennis shoes, toys, computers, shirts and other products that the country exports abroad.While the Chinese government agrees on the need to reduce carbon emissions, it prefers to achieve that through increased energy efficiency and by using more alternative energy. It has no plans to cap carbon emissions because it believes such a move would limit economic growth. Government officials have smoothed the way for gasification projects by fast-tracking permits and helping companies to secure capital, industry executives say. 'In anywhere between 24 to 32 months they have [plants] built and operating,' says John Lavelle, general manager of GE Energy's gasification business. 'It's pretty remarkable.'Cheap labor and minimal regulations mean coal-gasification plants in China can be built for about two-thirds to one-half the cost of a project in the U.S. or Europe. Coal-to-chemical plants built in the last two years have expanded Chinese capacity by 1,575 cubic feet of gas a day that can be used as chemical feedstocks, according to the Coal Gasification Council. The plants slated for construction in the next four years will double that capacity.Western companies involved in China's coal-to-chemical industry argue that coal gasification has the potential to be environmentally friendly. Because the gasification process separates out carbon dioxide, the global-warming gas can be more easily captured and stored once an affordable technology is developed. Dow, for example, says it is studying ways to sequester carbon dioxide -- or to offset its environmental impact by reducing emissions elsewhere through projects such as planting carbon-dioxide-consuming trees.Celanese says it is committed to controlling greenhouse-gas emissions in all its operations, reducing them by 30% from 2005 to 2010. 'Reducing emissions means you are more efficient,' says David Weidman, the company's CEO and also a member of the board for environmental group the Conservation Fund.Chinese companies aren't sweating the issue, say analysts at the China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association. Only China's two biggest oil and chemical firms, the state-owned giant China Petroleum & Chemical Corp., known as Sinopec, and China National Petroleum Corp., parent of the listed PetroChina, are studying how to store carbon emissions.多年来中国对化学工业来说一直是一块“磁石”，其低廉的生产成本和不断扩大的市场吸引了众多欧美公司。

本文由ｇｉｌｌｌｅｅ２００８贡献 ｄｏｃ文档可能在ＷＡＰ端浏览体验不佳。

建议您优先选择ＴＸＴ，或下载源文件到本机查看。

ｍｉｄｄｌｅ　ｄｉｓｔｉｌｌａｔｅ　中间馏份　Ｍｉｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎ　减少，减排　Ｍｔｃｅ　一种能量单位　百万吨标煤　ＮＯｘ　氮氧化物　ｎｏｘｉｏｕｓ　ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌ　有害物质　Ｏｆｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｓｈｅｌｆ　现货供应　Ｏｎｅ－ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ　ｄｅｓｉｇｎ　一次通过方式　Ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｎｇ　＆ｍａｉｎｔｅｎａｎｃｅ　／　Ｏ＆Ｍ　运行维护　Ｏｖｅｒｎｉｇｈｔ　隔夜　ｏｘｙｇｅｎａｔｅｄ　ｆｕｅｌ　氧化燃料　Ｏｘｙｇｅｎ－ｂｌｏｗｎ　ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　氧吹气化　Ｏｚｏｎｅ　臭氧　ｐａｒａｆｆｉｎ　石蜡　Ｐｉｌｏｔ　ｐｌａｎｔ　ｓｃａｌｅ　试验厂规模　ＰＭ　ｆｏｒ　ｐａｒｔｉｃｕｌａｔｅ　ｍａｔｔｅｒ　颗粒物　Ｐｏｌｙ－ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ　多联产　Ｐｏｌｙ－ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ　ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ　多联产技术　Ｐｏｗｅｒ　ｉｓｌａｎｄ　动力岛　ｐｏｗｅｒ　ｓｅｃｔｏｒ　电力行业　ｐｐｂ　ｌｅｖｅｌ　十亿分率水平　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｉｚｅｄ　ｃａｎｉｓｔｅｒ　加压罐　Ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ　ｃｏｎｆｉｇｕｒａｔｉｏｎ　工艺配置　Ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ　ｈｅａｔ　工艺用热　Ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　ｃｏｓｔ　生产成本　Ｐｒｏｐａｎｅ　丙烷　ｐｕｂｌｉｃ　ｇｏｏｄ　公共福利　Ｐｕｒｇｅ　ｇａｓ　净化气体　Ｑｕｅｎｃｈ　冷　Ｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎ　ｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｓ：　Ｐ　ｆｏｒ　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ　Ｔ　ｆｏｒ　ｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ　反应条件：　Ｐ　代表压力，Ｔ　代表温度　Ｒｅｃｙｃｌｅ　ｄｅｓｉｇｎ　循环方式　ｒｅｄｕｃｅ　还原；减少　ｒｅｆｉｎｅｒｙ　炼油　ｒｅｎｅｗａｂｌｅ　ｅｎｅｒｇｙ　可再生能源　ｒｅｓｉｄｕａｌ　渣油　Ｓａｔｕｒａｔｏｒ　饱和器　ｓｅｍｉ－ｒｅｆｉｎｅｄ　半精制的　Ｓｉｎｇｌｅ（ｏｒ　Ｏｎｅ）－ｐａｓｓ　ｃｏｎｖｅｒｓｉｏｎ　一次通过的转化率 １ Ｓｌｕｒｒｙ　浆　ＳＯ２　二氧化硫　ｓｏｃｉａｌ　ｃｏｓｔ　社会成本　Ｓｏｏｔ　烟灰　Ｓｐａｒｋ－ｉｇｎｉｔｉｏｎ　ｅｎｇｉｎｅ　火花引燃式发动机　Ｓｔａｎｄ－ａｌｏｎｅ　单独的　Ｓｔｒｅａｍｌｉｎｅ　简化使有效率　Ｓｕｌｆｕｒ　硫　Ｓｙｎｃｒｕｄｅ　合成原油　Ｓｙｎｇａｓ　ｏｒ　ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｇａｓ　合成气　Ｓｙｎｇａｓ　ｐａｒｋ　合成气园　Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　合成　Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｃｏｎｖｅｒｓｉｏｎ　合成转化率　ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｒｅａｃｔｏｒ　合成反应器　Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｔｉｃ　ｆｕｅｌ　合成燃料　ＴＦＥＳＴ　ＴＩ　ｆｏｒ　Ｔｅｃｈｎｉｃａｌ　Ｉｎｆｒａｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅ　技术基础设施　ｔｏｘｉｃ　ｍｅｔａｌ　有毒金属物　Ｕｎｒｅａｃｔｅｄ　未反应的　ＵＳＤＯＥ　美国能源部　Ｖａｐｏｒ　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ　蒸汽压　Ｖｅｎｔ　排放　Ｗａｔｅｒ　ｇａｓ　ｓｈｉｆｔ　／　ＷＧＳ　水煤气变换　ａｅｒｏｓｏｌ　ｐｒｏｐｅｌｌａｎｔ　气溶胶喷射剂　ａｆｔｅｒｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ　后处理　ａｍｍｏｎｉａ　氨　Ａｎｎｕａｌ　ｃａｐａｃｉｔｙ　ｆａｃｔｏｒ　年均利用率　Ａｎｎｕａｌ　ｃａｐｉｔａｌ　ｃｈａｒｇｅ　ｒａｔｅ　年均资本回收率　ａｒｏｍａｔｉｃ　芳族化合物　Ａｓ－ｒｅｃｅｉｖｅｄ　收到基（煤）　ａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃ　ｐｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎ　大气污染　Ａｕｔｏ－ｉｇｎｉｔｉｏｎ　ｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ　自燃温度，自燃点　ｂｉｏｄｉｅｓｅｌ　生物柴油　Ｂｉｏｍａｓｓ　生物质　Ｂｌｅｎｄ　混和　Ｂｏｉｌｉｎｇ　ｐｏｉｎｔ　沸点　Ｃａｐａｃｉｔｙ　容量　ｃａｐｉｔａｌ　ｉｎｔｅｎｓｉｔｙ　资本强度 ２ Ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｂａｌａｎｃｅ　碳平衡　Ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎ　二氧化碳排放　Ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｓｅｑｕｅｓｔｒａｔｉｏｎ　埋存碳（二氧化碳）　Ｃａｒｂｏｎ（ＣＯ２）　ｃａｐｔｕｒｅ　ａｎｄ　ｓｔｏｒａｇｅ　回收并储存碳（二氧化碳）　Ｃａｔａｌｙｓｔ　催化剂　ＣＢＭ　煤层气　Ｃ－Ｃ　ｂｏｎｄ　碳－碳化学键　Ｃｅｔａｎｅ　（ｎｕｍｂｅｒ）　十六烷值　Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｆｅｅｄｓｔｏｃｋ　化工原料　Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ　化工产品　ＣＮＧ　压缩天然气　ＣＯ２　二氧化碳　Ｃｏａｌ　（ｓｙｎｇａｓ）　ｐｏｌｙｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ　煤气化多联产　Ｃｏａｌ　ｄｅｒｉｖｅｄ　煤基　Ｃｏａｌ　ｍｉｎｉｎｇ　采煤　Ｃｏａｌ　ｓｌｕｒｒｙ　水煤浆　ｃｏａｌ　ｓｔｅａｍ－ｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃ　ｐｌａｎｔ　火电厂　Ｃｏａｌｓｔｅａｍ　ｐｌａｎｔ　ｗｉｔｈ　ＦＧＤ　火力发电厂烟气脱硫　Ｃｏ－ｃａｐｔｕｒｅ　／　Ｃｏ－ｓｔｏｒａｇｅ　（或　ＣＣ＋ＣＳ）　联合回收／联合存储　ｃｏｌｄ　ｓｔａｒｔ　冷态启动　Ｃｏｍｍｅｒｃｉａｌ　ｓｃａｌｅ　大规模、工业规模　Ｃｏｍｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ－ｉｇｎｉｔｉｏｎ　ｅｎｇｉｎｅ　ｏｒ　ＣＩＥ　压燃式发动机　Ｃｏｏｌ　Ｗａｔｅｒ　ｄｅｍｏｎｓｔｒａｔｉｏｎ　冷水示范电厂　Ｃｏｏｌｉｎｇ　ｗａｔｅｒ　冷却水　ｃｏｐｒｏｄｕｃｔ　副产物　Ｃｏ－ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　联产　Ｃｏｓｔ　ｅｓｔｉｍａｔｅ　成本估计　Ｃｒａｃｋｉｎｇ　ｃａｔａｌｙｓｔ　裂化催化剂　Ｃｒｕｄｅ　ｏｉｌ　原油　ＤＣＬ　／　Ｄｉｒｅｃｔ　ｃｏａｌ　ｌｉｑｕｅｆａｃｔｉｏｎ　煤直接液化　Ｄｅｈｙｄｒａｔｉｏｎ　ｏｆ　ｍｅｔｈａｎｏｌ　甲醇脱水反应　Ｄｅｎｓｉｔｙ　密度　Ｄｅｓｕｌｆｕｒｉｚａｔｉｏｎ　脱硫　ｄｉｅｓｅｌ　ｅｎｇｉｎｅ　柴油发动机　Ｄｉｍｅｔｈｙｌ　ｅｔｈｅｒ　ｏｒ　ＤＭＥ　ＣＨ３ＯＣＨ３　二甲醚　Ｄｉｒｅｃｔ　ｌｉｑｕｅｆａｃｔｉｏｎ　ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ　直接液化技术　Ｄｉｓｅｎｇａｇｅｍｅｎｔ　ｚｏｎｅ　分离区　ｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃｉｔｙ　ｏｒ　ｐｏｗｅｒ　ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ　发电 ３ Ｅｎｅｒｇｙ　ｂａｌａｎｃｅ　能量平衡　Ｅｎｅｒｇｙ　Ｍｉｘ　能源构成　Ｅｑｕｉｌｉｂｒｉｕｍ　ｌｉｍｉｔ　化学平衡限制　Ｅｑｕｉｖａｌｅｎｔ　等价物　ＥＲ　ｆｏｒ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎ　ｒａｔｅ　排放率　Ｅｘｔｅｒｎａｌｉｔｙ　外部因素　Ｆｉｎａｎｃｉａｌ　ｃｏｓｔ　经济成本，财务成本　Ｆｉｓｃｈｅｒ－Ｔｒｏｐｓｃｈ　ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｏｒ　Ｆ－Ｔ　费脱合成　Ｆｌａｍｍａｂｉｌｉｔｙ　ｌｉｍｉｔｓ　可燃极限　ＦＴＬ　ｆｏｒ　Ｆ－Ｔ　ｌｉｑｕｉｄｓ　费脱合成液体燃料　Ｆｕｅｌ　ｃｙｃｌｅ　燃料循环　Ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　气化　Ｇａｓｏｌｉｎｅ　汽油　Ｇａｓ－ｐｈａｓｅ　ｒｅａｃｔｏｒ　气相反应器　ＧＨＧ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓ　ｍｉｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎ　减排温室气体　Ｇｌｏｂａｌ　ｗａｒｍｉｎｇ　全球变暖　Ｇｒｅｅｎｈｏｕｓｅ　ｇａｓ　ｏｒ　ＧＨＧ　温室气体　Ｇｒｉｄ　电网　Ｇｒｉｎｄ　碾碎　ＧＴＬ　ｆｏｒ　Ｇａｓ　Ｔｏ　Ｌｉｑｕｉｄｓ　气变油　Ｈ２／ＣＯ　ｒａｔｉｏ　ｏｒ　Ｈ／Ｃ　ｒａｔｉｏ　合成气中氢气／一氧化碳含量比，氢碳比　Ｈ２Ｓ　硫化氢　ＨＣ　ｆｏｒ　ｈｙｄｒｏｃａｒｂｏｎ　烃，碳氢化合物　ＨＣ　ｆｕｅｌ　烃类燃料　Ｈｅａｌｔｈ　ｃｏｓｔ　健康损害　Ｈｅａｔｉｎｇ　采暖　ｈｅａｖｙ－ｄｕｔｙ　重型的　Ｈｙｂｒｉｄ－ｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃ　混合电能　ｈｙｄｒｏｇｅｎａｔｉｏｎ　加氢作用　ＩＣＬ　ｆｏｒ　Ｉｎｄｉｒｅｃｔ　Ｃｏａｌ　Ｌｉｑｕｅｆａｃｔｉｏｎ　煤间接液化　ＩＧＣＣ　ｐｌａｎｔ　整体煤气化联合循环电厂　Ｉｎｓｔａｌｌｅｄ　ｃａｐｉｔａｌ　ｃｏｓｔ　建设投资成本　ｉｎｔｅｌｌｅｃｔｕａｌ　ｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｙ　知识产权　ＪＶ　ｆｏｒ　ｊｏｉｎｔ　ｖｅｎｔｕｒｅ　合资企业　Ｌｉｆｅ　ｃｙｃｌｅ　全生命周期　Ｌｉｑｕｅｆａｃｔｉｏｎ　液化　Ｌｉｑｕｉｄ－ｐｈａｓｅ　液相　Ｌｉｑｕｉｄ－ｐｈａｓｅ　ｒｅａｃｔｏｒ　液相反应器 ４ Ｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎ　ｆａｃｔｏｒ　区域因子　ＬｏｗＥｆｆ　Ｌｏｗ　ｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙ　Ｌｏｗｅｒ　ｈｅａｔ　ｖａｌｕｅ　低位热值　ＬＰＧ　液化石油气　Ｌｕｂｅ　ｏｉｌ　润滑油　ｍｅｔｈａｎｅ　甲烷　Ｍｅｔｈａｎｏｌ　ｏｒ　ＭｅＯＨ　ＣＨ３ＯＨ　甲醇　ｍｉｄｄｌｅ　ｄｉｓｔｉｌｌａｔｅ　中间馏份　Ｍｉｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎ　减少，减排　Ｍｔｃｅ　一种能量单位　百万吨标煤　ＮＯｘ　氮氧化物　ｎｏｘｉｏｕｓ　ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌ　有害物质　Ｏｆｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｓｈｅｌｆ　现货供应　Ｏｎｅ－ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ　ｄｅｓｉｇｎ　一次通过方式　Ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｎｇ　＆ｍａｉｎｔｅｎａｎｃｅ　／　Ｏ＆Ｍ　运行维护　Ｏｖｅｒｎｉｇｈｔ　隔夜　ｏｘｙｇｅｎａｔｅｄ　ｆｕｅｌ　氧化燃料　Ｏｘｙｇｅｎ－ｂｌｏｗｎ　ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　氧吹气化　Ｏｚｏｎｅ　臭氧　ｐａｒａｆｆｉｎ　石蜡　Ｐｉｌｏｔ　ｐｌａｎｔ　ｓｃａｌｅ　试验厂规模　ＰＭ　ｆｏｒ　ｐａｒｔｉｃｕｌａｔｅ　ｍａｔｔｅｒ　颗粒物　Ｐｏｌｙ－ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ　多联产　Ｐｏｌｙ－ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ　ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ　多联产技术　Ｐｏｗｅｒ　ｉｓｌａｎｄ　动力岛　ｐｏｗｅｒ　ｓｅｃｔｏｒ　电力行业　ｐｐｂ　ｌｅｖｅｌ　十亿分率水平　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｉｚｅｄ　ｃａｎｉｓｔｅｒ　加压罐　Ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ　ｃｏｎｆｉｇｕｒａｔｉｏｎ　工艺配置　Ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ　ｈｅａｔ　工艺用热　Ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　ｃｏｓｔ　生产成本　Ｐｒｏｐａｎｅ　丙烷　ｐｕｂｌｉｃ　ｇｏｏｄ　公共福利　Ｐｕｒｇｅ　ｇａｓ　净化气体　Ｑｕｅｎｃｈ　激冷　Ｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎ　ｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｓ：　Ｐ　ｆｏｒ　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ　Ｔ　ｆｏｒ　ｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ　反应条件：　Ｐ　代表压力，Ｔ　代表温度　Ｒｅｃｙｃｌｅ　ｄｅｓｉｇｎ　循环方式 ５ ｒｅｄｕｃｅ　还原；减少　ｒｅｆｉｎｅｒｙ　炼油　ｒｅｎｅｗａｂｌｅ　ｅｎｅｒｇｙ　可再生能源　ｒｅｓｉｄｕａｌ　渣油　Ｓａｔｕｒａｔｏｒ　饱和器　ｓｅｍｉ－ｒｅｆｉｎｅｄ　半精制的　Ｓｉｎｇｌｅ（ｏｒ　Ｏｎｅ）－ｐａｓｓ　ｃｏｎｖｅｒｓｉｏｎ　一次通过的转化率　Ｓｌｕｒｒｙ　浆　ＳＯ２　二氧化硫　ｓｏｃｉａｌ　ｃｏｓｔ　社会成本　Ｓｏｏｔ　烟灰　Ｓｐａｒｋ－ｉｇｎｉｔｉｏｎ　ｅｎｇｉｎｅ　火花引燃式发动机　Ｓｔａｎｄ－ａｌｏｎｅ　单独的　Ｓｔｒｅａｍｌｉｎｅ　简化使有效率　Ｓｕｌｆｕｒ　硫　Ｓｙｎｃｒｕｄｅ　合成原油　Ｓｙｎｇａｓ　ｏｒ　ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｇａｓ　合成气　Ｓｙｎｇａｓ　ｐａｒｋ　合成气园　Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　合成　Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｃｏｎｖｅｒｓｉｏｎ　合成转化率　ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｒｅａｃｔｏｒ　合成反应器　Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｔｉｃ　ｆｕｅｌ　合成燃料　ＴＩ　ｆｏｒ　Ｔｅｃｈｎｉｃａｌ　Ｉｎｆｒａｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅ　技术基础设施　ｔｏｘｉｃ　ｍｅｔａｌ　有毒金属物　Ｕｎｒｅａｃｔｅｄ　未反应的　ＵＳＤＯＥ　美国能源部　Ｖａｐｏｒ　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ　蒸汽压　Ｖｅｎｔ　排放　Ｗａｔｅｒ　ｇａｓ　ｓｈｉｆｔ　／　ＷＧＳ　水煤气变换　ａｅｒｏｓｏｌ　ｐｒｏｐｅｌｌａｎｔ　气溶胶喷射剂　ａｆｔｅｒｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ　后处理　ａｍｍｏｎｉａ　氨　Ａｎｎｕａｌ　ｃａｐａｃｉｔｙ　ｆａｃｔｏｒ　年均利用率　Ａｎｎｕａｌ　ｃａｐｉｔａｌ　ｃｈａｒｇｅ　ｒａｔｅ　年均资本回收率　ａｒｏｍａｔｉｃ　芳族化合物　Ａｓ－ｒｅｃｅｉｖｅｄ　收到基（煤）　ａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃ　ｐｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎ　大气污染　Ａｕｔｏ－ｉｇｎｉｔｉｏｎ　ｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ　自燃温度，自燃点 ６ ｂｉｏｄｉｅｓｅｌ　生物柴油　Ｂｉｏｍａｓｓ　生物质　Ｂｌｅｎｄ　混和　Ｂｏｉｌｉｎｇ　ｐｏｉｎｔ　沸点　Ｃａｐａｃｉｔｙ　容量　ｃａｐｉｔａｌ　ｉｎｔｅｎｓｉｔｙ　资本强度　Ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｂａｌａｎｃｅ　碳平衡　Ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎ　二氧化碳排放　Ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｓｅｑｕｅｓｔｒａｔｉｏｎ　埋存碳（二氧化碳）　Ｃａｒｂｏｎ（ＣＯ２）　ｃａｐｔｕｒｅ　ａｎｄ　ｓｔｏｒａｇｅ　回收并储存碳（二氧化碳）　Ｃａｔａｌｙｓｔ　催化剂　ＣＢＭ　煤层气　Ｃ－Ｃ　ｂｏｎｄ　碳－碳化学键　Ｃｅｔａｎｅ　（ｎｕｍｂｅｒ）　十六烷值　Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｆｅｅｄｓｔｏｃｋ　化工原料　Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ　化工产品　ＣＮＧ　压缩天然气　ＣＯ２　二氧化碳　Ｃｏａｌ　（ｓｙｎｇａｓ）　ｐｏｌｙｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ　煤气化多联产　Ｃｏａｌ　ｄｅｒｉｖｅｄ　煤基　Ｃｏａｌ　ｍｉｎｉｎｇ　采煤　Ｃｏａｌ　ｓｌｕｒｒｙ　水煤浆　ｃｏａｌ　ｓｔｅａｍ－ｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃ　ｐｌａｎｔ　火电厂　Ｃｏａｌｓｔｅａｍ　ｐｌａｎｔ　ｗｉｔｈ　ＦＧＤ　火力发电厂烟气脱硫　Ｃｏ－ｃａｐｔｕｒｅ　／　Ｃｏ－ｓｔｏｒａｇｅ　（或　ＣＣ＋ＣＳ）　联合回收／联合存储　ｃｏｌｄ　ｓｔａｒｔ　冷态启动　Ｃｏｍｍｅｒｃｉａｌ　ｓｃａｌｅ　大规模、工业规模　Ｃｏｍｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ－ｉｇｎｉｔｉｏｎ　ｅｎｇｉｎｅ　ｏｒ　ＣＩＥ　压燃式发动机　Ｃｏｏｌ　Ｗａｔｅｒ　ｄｅｍｏｎｓｔｒａｔｉｏｎ　冷水示范电厂　Ｃｏｏｌｉｎｇ　ｗａｔｅｒ　冷却水　ｃｏｐｒｏｄｕｃｔ　副产物　Ｃｏ－ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　联产　Ｃｏｓｔ　ｅｓｔｉｍａｔｅ　成本估计　Ｃｒａｃｋｉｎｇ　ｃａｔａｌｙｓｔ　裂化催化剂　Ｃｒｕｄｅ　ｏｉｌ　原油　ＤＣＬ　／　Ｄｉｒｅｃｔ　ｃｏａｌ　ｌｉｑｕｅｆａｃｔｉｏｎ　煤直接液化　Ｄｅｈｙｄｒａｔｉｏｎ　ｏｆ　ｍｅｔｈａｎｏｌ　甲醇脱水反应　Ｄｅｎｓｉｔｙ　密度 ７ Ｄｅｓｕｌｆｕｒｉｚａｔｉｏｎ　脱硫　ｄｉｅｓｅｌ　ｅｎｇｉｎｅ　柴油发动机　Ｄｉｍｅｔｈｙｌ　ｅｔｈｅｒ　ｏｒ　ＤＭＥ　ＣＨ３ＯＣＨ３　二甲醚　Ｄｉｒｅｃｔ　ｌｉｑｕｅｆａｃｔｉｏｎ　ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ　直接液化技术　Ｄｉｓｅｎｇａｇｅｍｅｎｔ　ｚｏｎｅ　分离区　ｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃｉｔｙ　ｏｒ　ｐｏｗｅｒ　ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ　发电　Ｅｎｅｒｇｙ　ｂａｌａｎｃｅ　能量平衡　Ｅｎｅｒｇｙ　Ｍｉｘ　能源构成　Ｅｑｕｉｌｉｂｒｉｕｍ　ｌｉｍｉｔ　化学平衡限制　Ｅｑｕｉｖａｌｅｎｔ　等价物　ＥＲ　ｆｏｒ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎ　ｒａｔｅ　排放率　Ｅｘｔｅｒｎａｌｉｔｙ　外部因素　Ｆｉｎａｎｃｉａｌ　ｃｏｓｔ　经济成本，财务成本　Ｆｉｓｃｈｅｒ－Ｔｒｏｐｓｃｈ　ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｏｒ　Ｆ－Ｔ　费脱合成　Ｆｌａｍｍａｂｉｌｉｔｙ　ｌｉｍｉｔｓ　可燃极限　ＦＴＬ　ｆｏｒ　Ｆ－Ｔ　ｌｉｑｕｉｄｓ　费脱合成液体燃料　Ｆｕｅｌ　ｃｙｃｌｅ　燃料循环　Ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　气化　Ｇａｓｏｌｉｎｅ　汽油　Ｇａｓ－ｐｈａｓｅ　ｒｅａｃｔｏｒ　气相反应器　ＧＨＧ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓ　ｍｉｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎ　减排温室气体　Ｇｌｏｂａｌ　ｗａｒｍｉｎｇ　全球变暖　Ｇｒｅｅｎｈｏｕｓｅ　ｇａｓ　ｏｒ　ＧＨＧ　温室气体　Ｇｒｉｄ　电网　Ｇｒｉｎｄ　碾碎　ＧＴＬ　ｆｏｒ　Ｇａｓ　Ｔｏ　Ｌｉｑｕｉｄｓ　气变油　Ｈ２／ＣＯ　ｒａｔｉｏ　ｏｒ　Ｈ／Ｃ　ｒａｔｉｏ　合成气中氢气／一氧化碳含量比，氢碳比　Ｈ２Ｓ　硫化氢　ＨＣ　ｆｏｒ　ｈｙｄｒｏｃａｒｂｏｎ　烃，碳氢化合物　ＨＣ　ｆｕｅｌ　烃类燃料　Ｈｅａｌｔｈ　ｃｏｓｔ　健康损害　Ｈｅａｔｉｎｇ　采暖　ｈｅａｖｙ－ｄｕｔｙ　重型的　Ｈｙｂｒｉｄ－ｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃ　混合电能　ｈｙｄｒｏｇｅｎａｔｉｏｎ　加氢作用　ＩＣＬ　ｆｏｒ　Ｉｎｄｉｒｅｃｔ　Ｃｏａｌ　Ｌｉｑｕｅｆａｃｔｉｏｎ　煤间接液化　ＩＧＣＣ　ｐｌａｎｔ　整体煤气化联合循环电厂　Ｉｎｓｔａｌｌｅｄ　ｃａｐｉｔａｌ　ｃｏｓｔ　建设投资成本 ８ ｉｎｔｅｌｌｅｃｔｕａｌ　ｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｙ　知识产权　ＪＶ　ｆｏｒ　ｊｏｉｎｔ　ｖｅｎｔｕｒｅ　合资企业　Ｌｉｆｅ　ｃｙｃｌｅ　全生命周期　Ｌｉｑｕｅｆａｃｔｉｏｎ　液化　Ｌｉｑｕｉｄ－ｐｈａｓｅ　液相　Ｌｉｑｕｉｄ－ｐｈａｓｅ　ｒｅａｃｔｏｒ　液相反应器　Ｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎ　ｆａｃｔｏｒ　区域因子　ＬｏｗＥｆｆ　Ｌｏｗ　ｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙ　Ｌｏｗｅｒ　ｈｅａｔ　ｖａｌｕｅ　低位热值　ＬＰＧ　液化石油气　Ｌｕｂｅ　ｏｉｌ　润滑油　ｍｅｔｈａｎｅ　甲烷　Ｍｅｔｈａｎｏｌ　ｏｒ　ＭｅＯＨ　ＣＨ３ＯＨ　甲醇　ｍｉｄｄｌｅ　ｄｉｓｔｉｌｌａｔｅ　中间馏份　Ｍｉｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎ　减少，减排　Ｍｔｃｅ　一种能量单位　百万吨标煤　ＮＯｘ　氮氧化物　ｎｏｘｉｏｕｓ　ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌ　有害物质　Ｏｆｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｓｈｅｌｆ　现货供应　Ｏｎｅ－ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ　ｄｅｓｉｇｎ　一次通过方式　Ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｎｇ　＆ｍａｉｎｔｅｎａｎｃｅ　／　Ｏ＆Ｍ　运行维护　Ｏｖｅｒｎｉｇｈｔ　隔夜　ｏｘｙｇｅｎａｔｅｄ　ｆｕｅｌ　氧化燃料　Ｏｘｙｇｅｎ－ｂｌｏｗｎ　ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　氧吹气化　Ｏｚｏｎｅ　臭氧　ｐａｒａｆｆｉｎ　石蜡　Ｐｉｌｏｔ　ｐｌａｎｔ　ｓｃａｌｅ　试验厂规模　ＰＭ　ｆｏｒ　ｐａｒｔｉｃｕｌａｔｅ　ｍａｔｔｅｒ　颗粒物　Ｐｏｌｙ－ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ　多联产　Ｐｏｌｙ－ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ　ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ　多联产技术　Ｐｏｗｅｒ　ｉｓｌａｎｄ　动力岛　ｐｏｗｅｒ　ｓｅｃｔｏｒ　电力行业　ｐｐｂ　ｌｅｖｅｌ　十亿分率水平　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｉｚｅｄ　ｃａｎｉｓｔｅｒ　加压罐　Ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ　ｃｏｎｆｉｇｕｒａｔｉｏｎ　工艺配置　Ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ　ｈｅａｔ　工艺用热　Ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　ｃｏｓｔ　生产成本　Ｐｒｏｐａｎｅ　丙烷 ９ ｐｕｂｌｉｃ　ｇｏｏｄ　公共福利　Ｐｕｒｇｅ　ｇａｓ　净化气体　Ｑｕｅｎｃｈ　冷　Ｒｅｃｙｃｌｅ　ｄｅｓｉｇｎ　循环方式　ｒｅｄｕｃｅ　还原；减少　ｒｅｆｉｎｅｒｙ　炼油　ｒｅｎｅｗａｂｌｅ　ｅｎｅｒｇｙ　可再生能源　ｒｅｓｉｄｕａｌ　渣油　Ｓａｔｕｒａｔｏｒ　饱和器　ｓｅｍｉ－ｒｅｆｉｎｅｄ　半精制的　Ｓｉｎｇｌｅ（ｏｒ　Ｏｎｅ）－ｐａｓｓ　ｃｏｎｖｅｒｓｉｏｎ　一次通过的转化率　Ｓｌｕｒｒｙ　浆　ＳＯ２　二氧化硫　ｓｏｃｉａｌ　ｃｏｓｔ　社会成本　Ｓｏｏｔ　烟灰　Ｓｐａｒｋ－ｉｇｎｉｔｉｏｎ　ｅｎｇｉｎｅ　火花引燃式发动机　Ｓｔａｎｄ－ａｌｏｎｅ　单独的　Ｓｔｒｅａｍｌｉｎｅ　简化使有效率　Ｓｕｌｆｕｒ　硫　Ｓｙｎｃｒｕｄｅ　合成原油　Ｓｙｎｇａｓ　ｏｒ　ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｇａｓ　合成气　Ｓｙｎｇａｓ　ｐａｒｋ　合成气园　Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　合成　Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｃｏｎｖｅｒｓｉｏｎ　合成转化率　ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｒｅａｃｔｏｒ　合成反应器　Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｔｉｃ　ｆｕｅｌ　合成燃料　ＴＦＥＳＴ　ＴＩ　ｆｏｒ　Ｔｅｃｈｎｉｃａｌ　Ｉｎｆｒａｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅ　技术基础设施　ｔｏｘｉｃ　ｍｅｔａｌ　有毒金属物　Ｕｎｒｅａｃｔｅｄ　未反应的　ＵＳＤＯＥ　美国能源部　Ｖａｐｏｒ　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ　蒸汽压　Ｖｅｎｔ　排放　Ｗａｔｅｒ　ｇａｓ　ｓｈｉｆｔ　／　ＷＧＳ　水煤气变换 １０ Ｃｈｉｎａ　Ｃｏａｌ　Ｒｉｇｈｔ　Ｅｌｅｍｅｎｔ　Ｆｏｒ　Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　Ｆｉｒｍｓ　Ｆｏｒ　ｙｅａｒｓ　Ｃｈｉｎａ　ｈａｓ　ｂｅｅｎ　ａ　ｍａｇｎｅｔ　ｆｏｒ　ｔｈｅ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ　ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ，　ａｔｔｒａｃｔｉｎｇ　Ｅｕｒｏｐｅａｎ　ａｎｄ　Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ　ｃｏｍｐａｎｉｅｓ　ｗｉｔｈ　ｉｔｓ　ｃｈｅａｐ　ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　ｃｏｓｔｓ　ａｎｄ　ｇｒｏｗｉｎｇ　ｍａｒｋｅｔ．　Ｎｏｗ　Ｃｈｉｎａ　ｈａｓ　ａｎｏｔｈｅｒ　ａｔｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎ　ｆｏｒ　ｔｈｅ　ｅｎｅｒｇｙ－ｉｎｔｅｎｓｅ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ：　ｖａｓｔ　ｓｕｐｐｌｉｅｓ　ｏｆ　ｃｏａｌ　ｔｈａｔ　ｃａｎ　ｒｅｐｌａｃｅ　ｏｉｌ　ａｎｄ　ｎａｔｕｒａｌ　ｇａｓ　ａｓ　ｒａｗ　ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ　ｆｏｒ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ．　Ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｌａｓｔ　ｔｗｏ　ｙｅａｒｓ，　Ｃｈｉｎａ　ｈａｓ　ｂｕｉｌｔ　ｎｅａｒｌｙ　２０　ｐｌａｎｔｓ　ｔｈａｔ　ｃｏｎｖｅｒｔ　ｃｏａｌ　ｉｎｔｏ　ａ　ｇａｓ　ｔｈａｔ　ｃａｎ　ｂｅ　ｕｓｅｄ　ｔｏ　ｍａｋｅ　ｓｕｃｈ　ｔｈｉｎｇｓ　ａｓ　ｐｌａｓｔｉｃ　ａｎｄ　ｐｈａｒｍａｃｅｕｔｉｃａｌｓ，　ａｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇ　ｔｏ　ｔｈｅ　Ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ　Ｃｏｕｎｃｉｌ，　ａｎ　ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ　ｔｒａｄｅ　ｇｒｏｕｐ．　Ｔｈｅ　ｎｅｗ　ｐｌａｎｔｓ　ｄｒａｗ　ｏｎ　ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ　ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｅｄ　ｂｙ　ｃｏｍｐａｎｉｅｓ　ｓｕｃｈ　ａｓ　Ｇｅｎｅｒａｌ　Ｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃ　Ｃｏ．　ａｎｄ　Ｒｏｙａｌ　Ｄｕｔｃｈ　Ｓｈｅｌｌ　ＰＬＣ．　Ｎｏｗ，　Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｆｉｒｍｓ　ａｒｅ　ｇｅｔｔｉｎｇ　ｉｎ　ｏｎ　ｔｈｅ　ａｃｔｉｏｎ．　Ｃｅｌａｎｅｓｅ　Ｃｏｒｐ．　ｏｐｅｎｅｄ　ａ　ｐｌａｎｔ　ｔｈｉｓ　ｙｅａｒ　ｔｈａｔ　ｕｓｅｓ　ｃｏａｌ－ｂａｓｅｄ　ｆｅｅｄｓｔｏｃｋ　ｔｏ　ｍａｋｅ　ａ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｕｓｅｄ　ｉｎ　ｐａｉｎｔｓ　ａｎｄ　ｆｏｏｄ　ｓｗｅｅｔｅｎｅｒｓ．　Ｄｏｗ　Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　Ｃｏ．　ｈａｓ　ｐａｒｔｎｅｒｅｄ　ｗｉｔｈ　Ｃｈｉｎｅｓｅ　ｅｎｅｒｇｙ　ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ　Ｓｈｅｎｈｕａ　Ｇｒｏｕｐ　Ｃｏｒｐ．　ｔｏ　ｓｔｕｄｙ　ａ　ｐｒｏｊｅｃｔ　ｔｏ　ｃｏｎｖｅｒｔ　ｃｏａｌ　ｉｎｔｏ　ｐｌａｓｔｉｃｓ．　Ｍｉｎｉｎｇ　ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ　Ａｎｇｌｏ　Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ　ＰＬＣ　ｉｓ　ａｌｓｏ　ｌｏｏｋｉｎｇ　ａｔ　ａ　ｃｏａｌ－ｔｏ－ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ　ｐｒｏｊｅｃｔ．　Ｓｕｐｐｌｉｅｒｓ　ｔｏ　ｔｈｅ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ，　ｓｕｃｈ　ａｓ　Ｐｒａｘａｉｒ　Ｉｎｃ．，　ａｒｅ　ｖｙｉｎｇ　ｔｏ　ｏｐｅｎ　ａｃｃｏｕｎｔｓ　ｗｉｔｈ　ｔｈｅ　ｎｅｗ　ｃｏａｌ－ｔｏ－ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｐｌａｎｔｓ．　＇Ｃｏａｌ　ｔｏ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ　ｉｓ　ａｎ　ｏｐｐｏｒｔｕｎｉｔｙ　ｔｈａｔ＇ｓ　ｌｉｔｅｒａｌｌｙ　ｅｘｐｌｏｄｉｎｇ　［ｉｎ　Ｃｈｉｎａ］　ｒｉｇｈｔ　ｎｏｗ，＇　ｓａｙｓ　Ｔｉｍｏｔｈｙ　Ｖａｉｌ，　ｃｈｉｅｆ　ｅｘｅｃｕｔｉｖｅ　ａｎｄ　ｐｒｅｓｉｄｅｎｔ　ｏｆ　Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　Ｅｎｅｒｇｙ　Ｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ　Ｉｎｃ．，　ａ　ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ　ｔｈａｔ　ｂｕｉｌｄｓ　ｃｏａｌ－ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　ｐｌａｎｔｓ．　Ｌａｕｎｃｈｉｎｇ　ｔｈｅｉｒ　ｏｗｎ　ｃｏａｌ－ｔｏ－ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ　ｐｒｏｊｅｃｔｓ　ｉｎ　Ｃｈｉｎａ　ｒｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｓ　ｏｎｅ　ｗａｙ　Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ　ｃｏｍｐａｎｉｅｓ　ａｒｅ　ｆｉｇｈｔｉｎｇ　ｔｏ　ｋｅｅｐ　ｔｈｅｉｒ　ｃｏｍｐｅｔｉｔｉｖｅ　ｅｄｇｅ．　Ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｐａｓｔ　ｄｅｃａｄｅ，　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ　ｍａｋｅｒｓ　ｂａｓｅｄ　ｉｎ　Ｅｕｒｏｐｅ　ａｎｄ　Ｎｏｒｔｈ　Ａｍｅｒｉｃａ　ｈａｖｅ　ｌｏｓｔ　ｍａｒｋｅｔ　ｓｈａｒｅ　ｔｏ　ｔｈｅｉｒ　ｃｏｕｎｔｅｒｐａｒｔｓ　ｉｎ　Ａｓｉａ，　ｗｈｅｒｅ　ｄｅｍａｎｄ　ｆｏｒ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ　ｉｓ　ｒａｐｉｄｌｙ　ｇｒｏｗｉｎｇ．　Ｃｈｉｎａ＇ｓ　ｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔ，　ｍｅａｎｗｈｉｌｅ，　ｈａｓ　ｏｒｃｈｅｓｔｒａｔｅｄ　ｔｈｅ　ｂｕｉｌｄｕｐ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｃｏａｌ－ｔｏ－ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ　ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ　ｉｎ　ａｎ　ｅｆｆｏｒｔ　ｔｏ　ｒｅｄｕｃｅ　ｔｈｅ　ｎａｔｉｏｎ＇ｓ　ｇｒｏｗｉｎｇ　ｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｃｅ　ｏｎ　ｉｍｐｏｒｔｅｄ　ｎａｔｕｒａｌ　ｇａｓ．　Ｕｓｉｎｇ　Ｃｈｉｎａ＇ｓ　ｖａｓｔ　ｃｏａｌ　ｄｅｐｏｓｉｔｓ　ｔｏ　ｍａｋｅ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ　ａｎｄ　ｐｌａｓｔｉｃｓ　ｐｒｏｖｉｄｅｓ　ａ　ｍｏｒｅ　ｒｅｌｉａｂｌｅ　ｓｏｕｒｃｅ　ｏｆ　ｒａｗ　ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ　ｔｈａｔ　ｃａｎ　ｆｅｅｄ　ｔｈｅ　ｅｘｐａｎｓｉｏｎ　ｏｆ　Ｃｈｉｎａ＇ｓ　ｍａｉｎ　ｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃ　ｇｒｏｗｔｈ　ｅｎｇｉｎｅ，　ｉｔｓ　ｍａｎｕｆａｃｔｕｒｉｎｇ　ｓｅｃｔｏｒ．　Ｔｈｅ　ｎｅｗ　ｐｌａｎｔｓ　ａｌｓｏ　ｒｅｐｌａｃｅ　ｏｌｄｅｒ，　ｓｏｏｔ－ｂｅｌｃｈｉｎｇ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｆａｃｔｏｒｉｅｓ　ｔｈａｔ　ｈａｖｅ　ｅａｒｎｅｄ　ｔｈｅ　ｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔ　ａ　ｂａｄ　ｒｅｐｕｔａｔｉｏｎ　ｆｏｒ　ｔｈｅ　ｐｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎ　ｔｈｅｙ　ｃｒｅａｔｅ　ｉｎ　Ｃｈｉｎｅｓｅ　ｃｉｔｉｅｓ． １１ Ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ，　ｗｈｉｃｈ　ｕｓｅｓ　ｈｉｇｈ　ｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｓ　ａｎｄ　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ　ｔｏ　ｂｒｅａｋ　ｔｈｅ　ｍｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒ　ｂｏｎｄｓ　ｉｎ　ｃｏａｌ　ｔｏ　ｐｒｏｄｕｃｅ　ｇａｓｅｓ　ｔｈａｔ　ｃａｎ　ｂｅ　ｒｅｃｏｍｂｉｎｅｄ　ｉｎｔｏ　ａ　ｖａｒｉｅｔｙ　ｏｆ　ｆｕｅｌｓ　ａｎｄ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ，　ｈａｓ　ｅｘｉｓｔｅｄ　ｆｏｒ　ｍｏｒｅ　ｔｈａｎ　ａ　ｃｅｎｔｕｒｙ．　Ｇｅｒｍａｎｙ　ｇａｓｉｆｉｅｄ　ｃｏａｌ　ｔｏ　ｆｕｅｌ　ｉｔｓ　ｐｌａｎｅｓ　ｄｕｒｉｎｇ　Ｗｏｒｌｄ　Ｗａｒ　ＩＩ．　Ｃｈｉｎａ　ｈａｓ　ｍａｄｅ　ｆｅｒｔｉｌｉｚｅｒｓ　ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ　ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　ｆｏｒ　ｄｅｃａｄｅｓ．　Ｂｕｔ　ｔｈｅｒｅ　ｈａｄ　ｂｅｅｎ　ｌｉｔｔｌｅ　ｉｎｃｅｎｔｉｖｅ　ｆｏｒ　ｔｈｅ　ｇｌｏｂａｌ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ　ｔｏ　ｇａｓｉｆｙ　ｃｏａｌ　ｕｎｔｉｌ　ｐｒｉｃｅｓ　ｂｅｇａｎ　ｓｏａｒｉｎｇ　ｆｏｒ　ｎａｔｕｒａｌ　ｇａｓ　ａｎｄ　ｏｉｌ．　Ｎｏｒｔｈ　Ａｍｅｒｉｃａ　ｈａｓ　ｉｔｓ　ｏｗｎ　ｈｕｇｅ　ｒｅｓｅｒｖｅｓ　ｏｆ　ｃｏａｌ，　ｓｐａｒｋｉｎｇ　ｉｎｔｅｒｅｓｔ　ｉｎ　ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　ｐｌａｎｔｓ　ｉｎ　ｔｈａｔ　ｃｏｎｔｉｎｅｎｔ　ａｓ　ｗｅｌｌ．　Ｂｕｔ　ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ　ｈａｓ　ｂｅｅｎ　ｓｌｏｗｅｄ　ｂｙ　ｃｏｎｃｅｒｎｓ　ｔｈａｔ　ｔｈｅ　ｐｒｏｊｅｃｔｓ　ｗｏｕｌｄ　ｃｏｎｔｒｉｂｕｔｅ　ｔｏ　ｇｒｏｗｉｎｇ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｇａｓｅｓ　ｔｈａｔ　ｃａｕｓｅ　ｇｌｏｂａｌ　ｗａｒｍｉｎｇ．　Ａｍｏｎｇ　ｆｏｓｓｉｌ　ｆｕｅｌｓ，　ｃｏａｌ　ｅｍｉｔｓ　ａｎ　ｅｓｐｅｃｉａｌｌｙ　ｌａｒｇｅ　ａｍｏｕｎｔ　ｏｆ　ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｄｉｏｘｉｄｅ　ｗｈｅｎ　ｂｅｉｎｇ　ｂｕｒｎｅｄ，　ａｎｄ　ｍａｎ－ｍａｄｅ　ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｄｉｏｘｉｄｅ　ｉｓ　ｏｎｅ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｍｏｓｔ　ｐｒｅｖａｌｅｎｔ　ｇａｓｅｓ　ｔｈａｔ　ｈｕｍａｎ　ａｃｔｉｖｉｔｉｅｓ　ａｒｅ　ｃｏｎｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｎｇ　ｔｏ　ｅａｒｔｈ＇ｓ　ｒｉｓｉｎｇ　ｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｓ．　Ｇａｓｉｆｙｉｎｇ　ｃｏａｌ　ｔｏ　ｐｒｏｄｕｃｅ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ　ｅｍｉｔｓ　ｌｅｓｓ　ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｄｉｏｘｉｄｅ　ｔｈａｎ　ｄｏｅｓ　ｂｕｒｎｉｎｇ　ｃｏａｌ　ａｓ　ｆｕｅｌ，　ｂｕｔ　ｔｈｅ　ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ　ｓｔｉｌｌ　ｅｊｅｃｔｓ　ｍｏｒｅ　ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｄｉｏｘｉｄｅ　ｉｎｔｏ　ｔｈｅ　ａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｅ　ｔｈａｎ　ｕｓｉｎｇ　ｎａｔｕｒａｌ　ｇａｓ　ｗｏｕｌｄ　ｐｒｏｄｕｃｅ，　ｓａｙｓ　Ｅｒｉｃ　Ｌａｒｓｏｎ，　ａ　ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ　ｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒ　ａｔ　ｔｈｅ　Ｐｒｉｎｃｅｔｏｎ　Ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌ　Ｉｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ．　Ｔｈｅ　Ｕ．Ｓ．　ｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔ　ｄｏｅｓｎ＇ｔ　ｙｅｔ　ｌｉｍｉｔ　ｎａｔｉｏｎｗｉｄｅ　ｔｈｅ　ａｍｏｕｎｔ　ｏｆ　ｇｌｏｂａｌ－ｗａｒｍｉｎｇ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓ　ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ　ｃａｎ　ｒｅｌｅａｓｅ　ｉｎｔｏ　ｔｈｅ　ａｉｒ．　Ｂｕｔ　ｔｈｅ　ｆｕｔｕｒｅ　ｐｒｏｓｐｅｃｔ　ｏｆ　ｓｕｃｈ　ｒｕｌｅｓ，　ａｌｏｎｇ　ｗｉｔｈ　ｃｏａｌ＇ｓ　ｄｉｒｔｙ　ｒｅｐｕｔａｔｉｏｎ，　ｈａｓ　ｋｅｐｔ　ｃｏａｌ　ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　ｆｒｏｍ　ｃａｔｃｈｉｎｇ　ｏｎ　ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　Ｕ．Ｓ．　ｏｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｓａｍｅ　ｓｃａｌｅ　ａｓ　ｉｔ　ｈａｓ　ｉｎ　Ｃｈｉｎａ，　ａｎａｌｙｓｔｓ　ｓａｙ．　＇Ｔｈｅｒｅ　ｉｓ　ａ　ｓｔｉｇｍａ　ａｂｏｕｔ　ｃｏａｌ　ｂｅｃａｕｓｅ　ｏｆ　ｉｔｓ　ｈｉｓｔｏｒｉｃａｌ　ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌ　ａｎｄ　ｓａｆｅｔｙ　ｃｏｎｃｅｒｎｓ，＇　ｓａｙｓ　Ｅｄｗａｒｄ　Ｇｌａｔｚｅｒ，　ｄｉｒｅｃｔｏｒ　ｏｆ　ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ　ａｔ　Ｎｅｘａｎｔ　Ｉｎｃ．，　ａ　Ｓａｎ　Ｆｒａｎｃｉｓｃｏ－ｂａｓｅｄ　ｃｏｎｓｕｌｔｉｎｇ　ｆｉｒｍ．　Ｓｏｍｅ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ　ｃｏｍｐａｎｉｅｓ　ｐｌａｎｎｉｎｇ　ｔｏ　ｊｕｍｐ　ｉｎｔｏ　ｔｈｅ　ｓｅｃｔｏｒ　ｉｎ　Ｃｈｉｎａ，　ｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎｇ　Ｄｏｗ　Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ，　ａｒｅ　ｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｉｎｇ　ｗａｙｓ　ｔｏ　ｏｆｆｓｅｔ　ｏｒ　ｓｔｏｒｅ　ｔｈｅ　ｇｌｏｂａｌ－ｗａｒｍｉｎｇ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓ　ｔｈｅｉｒ　ｐｒｏｊｅｃｔｓ　ｗｉｌｌ　ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｅ．　Ｏｎｅ　ｐｏｓｓｉｂｉｌｉｔｙ　－ａ　ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ　ｔｈａｔ　ｗｏｕｌｄ　ｉｎｊｅｃｔ　ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｄｉｏｘｉｄｅ　ｄｅｅｐ　ｕｎｄｅｒｇｒｏｕｎｄ　ｆｏｒ　ｓｔｏｒａｇｅ　－－　ｉｓ　ａ　ｌａｒｇｅｌｙ　ｕｎｔｅｓｔｅｄ　ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ　ｔｈａｔ　ｉｓ　ｌｉｋｅｌｙ　ｔｏ　ｂｅ　ｖｅｒｙ　ｅｘｐｅｎｓｉｖｅ．　Ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｍｅａｎｔｉｍｅ，　ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　ｐｒｏｊｅｃｔｓ　ａｒｅ　ｇｅｔｔｉｎｇ　ｓｐｅｅｄｉｌｙ　ｇｒｅｅｎ－ｌｉｇｈｔｅｄ　ｉｎ　Ｃｈｉｎａ　ｗｉｔｈｏｕｔ　ｃｏｎｃｅｒｎ　ｏｖｅｒ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓ．　Ｃｈｉｎａ　ｉｓ　ｐｏｉｓｅｄ　ｔｏ　ｓｕｒｐａｓｓ　ｔｈｅ　Ｕ．Ｓ．　ａｓ　ｔｈｅ　Ｎｏ．　１　ｅｍｉｔｔｅｒ　ｏｆ　ｇｒｅｅｎｈｏｕｓｅ　ｇａｓｅｓ　ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｗｏｒｌｄ．　Ｓｔｕｄｉｅｓ　ｓｈｏｗ　ｔｈａｔ　ａｂｏｕｔ　ｏｎｅ－ｆｏｕｒｔｈ　ｏｆ　Ｃｈｉｎａ＇ｓ　ｇｌｏｂａｌ－ｗａｒｍｉｎｇ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓ　ａｒｅ　ｒｅｌｅａｓｅｄ　ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ　ｏｆ　ｍａｋｉｎｇ　ｔｈｅ　ｔｅｎｎｉｓ　ｓｈｏｅｓ，　ｔｏｙｓ，　ｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒｓ，　ｓｈｉｒｔｓ　ａｎｄ　ｏｔｈｅｒ　ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｓ　ｔｈａｔ　ｔｈｅ　ｃｏｕｎｔｒｙ　ｅｘｐｏｒｔｓ　ａｂｒｏａｄ． １２ Ｗｈｉｌｅ　ｔｈｅ　Ｃｈｉｎｅｓｅ　ｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔ　ａｇｒｅｅｓ　ｏｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｎｅｅｄ　ｔｏ　ｒｅｄｕｃｅ　ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓ，　ｉｔ　ｐｒｅｆｅｒｓ　ｔｏ　ａｃｈｉｅｖｅ　ｔｈａｔ　ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ　ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄ　ｅｎｅｒｇｙ　ｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙ　ａｎｄ　ｂｙ　ｕｓｉｎｇ　ｍｏｒｅ　ａｌｔｅｒｎａｔｉｖｅ　ｅｎｅｒｇｙ．　Ｉｔ　ｈａｓ　ｎｏ　ｐｌａｎｓ　ｔｏ　ｃａｐ　ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓ　ｂｅｃａｕｓｅ　ｉｔ　ｂｅｌｉｅｖｅｓ　ｓｕｃｈ　ａ　ｍｏｖｅ　ｗｏｕｌｄ　ｌｉｍｉｔ　ｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃ　ｇｒｏｗｔｈ．　Ｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔ　ｏｆｆｉｃｉａｌｓ　ｈａｖｅ　ｓｍｏｏｔｈｅｄ　ｔｈｅ　ｗａｙ　ｆｏｒ　ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　ｐｒｏｊｅｃｔｓ　ｂｙ　ｆａｓｔ－ｔｒａｃｋｉｎｇ　ｐｅｒｍｉｔｓ　ａｎｄ　ｈｅｌｐｉｎｇ　ｃｏｍｐａｎｉｅｓ　ｔｏ　ｓｅｃｕｒｅ　ｃａｐｉｔａｌ，　ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ　ｅｘｅｃｕｔｉｖｅｓ　ｓａｙ．　＇Ｉｎ　ａｎｙｗｈｅｒｅ　ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ　２４　ｔｏ　３２　ｍｏｎｔｈｓ　ｔｈｅｙ　ｈａｖｅ　［ｐｌａｎｔｓ］　ｂｕｉｌｔ　ａｎｄ　ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｎｇ，＇　ｓａｙｓ　Ｊｏｈｎ　Ｌａｖｅｌｌｅ，　ｇｅｎｅｒａｌ　ｍａｎａｇｅｒ　ｏｆ　ＧＥ　Ｅｎｅｒｇｙ＇ｓ　ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　ｂｕｓｉｎｅｓｓ．　＇Ｉｔ＇ｓ　ｐｒｅｔｔｙ　ｒｅｍａｒｋａｂｌｅ．＇　Ｃｈｅａｐ　ｌａｂｏｒ　ａｎｄ　ｍｉｎｉｍａｌ　ｒｅｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎｓ　ｍｅａｎ　ｃｏａｌ－ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　ｐｌａｎｔｓ　ｉｎ　Ｃｈｉｎａ　ｃａｎ　ｂｅ　ｂｕｉｌｔ　ｆｏｒ　ａｂｏｕｔ　ｔｗｏ－ｔｈｉｒｄｓ　ｔｏ　ｏｎｅ－ｈａｌｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｃｏｓｔ　ｏｆ　ａ　ｐｒｏｊｅｃｔ　ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　Ｕ．Ｓ．　ｏｒ　Ｅｕｒｏｐｅ．　Ｃｏａｌ－ｔｏ－ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｐｌａｎｔｓ　ｂｕｉｌｔ　ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｌａｓｔ　ｔｗｏ　ｙｅａｒｓ　ｈａｖｅ　ｅｘｐａｎｄｅｄ　Ｃｈｉｎｅｓｅ　ｃａｐａｃｉｔｙ　ｂｙ　１，５７５　ｃｕｂｉｃ　ｆｅｅｔ　ｏｆ　ｇａｓ　ａ　ｄａｙ　ｔｈａｔ　ｃａｎ　ｂｅ　ｕｓｅｄ　ａｓ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｆｅｅｄｓｔｏｃｋｓ，　ａｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇ　ｔｏ　ｔｈｅ　Ｃｏａｌ　Ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　Ｃｏｕｎｃｉｌ．　Ｔｈｅ　ｐｌａｎｔｓ　ｓｌａｔｅｄ　ｆｏｒ　ｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎ　ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｎｅｘｔ　ｆｏｕｒ　ｙｅａｒｓ　ｗｉｌｌ　ｄｏｕｂｌｅ　ｔｈａｔ　ｃａｐａｃｉｔｙ．　Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ　ｃｏｍｐａｎｉｅｓ　ｉｎｖｏｌｖｅｄ　ｉｎ　Ｃｈｉｎａ＇ｓ　ｃｏａｌ－ｔｏ－ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ　ａｒｇｕｅ　ｔｈａｔ　ｃｏａｌ　ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　ｈａｓ　ｔｈｅ　ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ　ｔｏ　ｂｅ　ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｌｙ　ｆｒｉｅｎｄｌｙ．　Ｂｅｃａｕｓｅ　ｔｈｅ　ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ　ｓｅｐａｒａｔｅｓ　ｏｕｔ　ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｄｉｏｘｉｄｅ，　ｔｈｅ　ｇｌｏｂａｌ－ｗａｒｍｉｎｇ　ｇａｓ　ｃａｎ　ｂｅ　ｍｏｒｅ　ｅａｓｉｌｙ　ｃａｐｔｕｒｅｄ　ａｎｄ　ｓｔｏｒｅｄ　ｏｎｃｅ　ａｎ　ａｆｆｏｒｄａｂｌｅ　ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ　ｉｓ　ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｅｄ．　Ｄｏｗ，　ｆｏｒ　ｅｘａｍｐｌｅ，　ｓａｙｓ　ｉｔ　ｉｓ　ｓｔｕｄｙｉｎｇ　ｗａｙｓ　ｔｏ　ｓｅｑｕｅｓｔｅｒ　ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｄｉｏｘｉｄｅ　－－　ｏｒ　ｔｏ　ｏｆｆｓｅｔ　ｉｔｓ　ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌ　ｉｍｐａｃｔ　ｂｙ　ｒｅｄｕｃｉｎｇ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓ　ｅｌｓｅｗｈｅｒｅ　ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ　ｐｒｏｊｅｃｔｓ　ｓｕｃｈ　ａｓ　ｐｌａｎｔｉｎｇ　ｃａｒｂｏｎ－ｄｉｏｘｉｄｅ－ｃｏｎｓｕｍｉｎｇ　ｔｒｅｅｓ．　Ｃｅｌａｎｅｓｅ　ｓａｙｓ　ｉｔ　ｉｓ　ｃｏｍｍｉｔｔｅｄ　ｔｏ　ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｌｉｎｇ　ｇｒｅｅｎｈｏｕｓｅ－ｇａｓ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓ　ｉｎ　ａｌｌ　ｉｔｓ　ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎｓ，　ｒｅｄｕｃｉｎｇ　ｔｈｅｍ　ｂｙ　３０％　ｆｒｏｍ　２００５　ｔｏ　２０１０．　＇Ｒｅｄｕｃｉｎｇ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓ　ｍｅａｎｓ　ｙｏｕ　ａｒｅ　ｍｏｒｅ　ｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｔ，＇　ｓａｙｓ　Ｄａｖｉｄ　Ｗｅｉｄｍａｎ，　ｔｈｅ　ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ＇ｓ　ＣＥＯ　ａｎｄ　ａｌｓｏ　ａ　ｍｅｍｂｅｒ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｂｏａｒｄ　ｆｏｒ　ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌ　ｇｒｏｕｐ　ｔｈｅ　Ｃｏｎｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎ　Ｆｕｎｄ．　Ｃｈｉｎｅｓｅ　ｃｏｍｐａｎｉｅｓ　ａｒｅｎ＇ｔ　ｓｗｅａｔｉｎｇ　ｔｈｅ　ｉｓｓｕｅ，　ｓａｙ　ａｎａｌｙｓｔｓ　ａｔ　ｔｈｅ　Ｃｈｉｎａ　Ｐｅｔｒｏｌｅｕｍ　ａｎｄ　Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　Ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ　Ａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｉｏｎ．　Ｏｎｌｙ　Ｃｈｉｎａ＇ｓ　ｔｗｏ　ｂｉｇｇｅｓｔ　ｏｉｌ　ａｎｄ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｆｉｒｍｓ，　ｔｈｅ　ｓｔａｔｅ－ｏｗｎｅｄ　ｇｉａｎｔ　Ｃｈｉｎａ　Ｐｅｔｒｏｌｅｕｍ　＆　Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　Ｃｏｒｐ．，　ｋｎｏｗｎ　ａｓ　Ｓｉｎｏｐｅｃ，　ａｎｄ　Ｃｈｉｎａ　Ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ　Ｐｅｔｒｏｌｅｕｍ　Ｃｏｒｐ．，　ｐａｒｅｎｔ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｌｉｓｔｅｄ　ＰｅｔｒｏＣｈｉｎａ，　ａｒｅ　ｓｔｕｄｙｉｎｇ　ｈｏｗ　ｔｏ　ｓｔｏｒｅ　ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓ．　多年来中国对化学工业来说一直是一块“磁石”，　其低廉的生产成本和　不断扩大的市场吸引了众多欧美公司。

---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------专业英语课文翻译(1)Lesson1化学工程的发展过程、设计和运作的植物材料进行变化，物理或化学状态的一个技术规模。

应用的整个过程、产业，它是建立在化学原理，物理，和数学。

物理化学和物理规律支配的实用性和效率的化学工程业务。

能量的变化，产生从热力学考虑，是特别重要的。

数学是一个基本工具优化与建模，优化手段安排材料，设施，和能量的产量为生产和经济运行的。

建模是建设原型理论数学模型的复杂过程系统，通常借助计算机 .化学工程是一样古老的过程工业。

其遗产的日期从发酵和蒸发过程的早期文明。

现代化工工程的发展出现一规模大，化学一制造业务在下半场的第十九个世纪。

它的发展作为一个独立的学科，化学工程是针对解决问题的设计和经营大型工厂连续生产，制造化学品在中期第九世纪由温和的工艺操作。

需求的增加，关注在排放有害废水，与竞争竞争对手的过程提供刺激更大的效率。

这导致了结合资源出现较大的行动，造成过渡到工艺科学一产业。

结果是一个化学家与知识需求制造过程，称为工业化学家和化学1 / 3工作者。

术语化学工程师是在一般使用的大约 1900 。

尽管它出现在传统化学品的制造，它 }增值通过其作用，石油工业的发展化学工程成为坚定地确立为一个独特的学科。

需求植物能够操作物理分离过程持续在高水平效率是一个挑战 } 哈 } 无法满足传统的化学或机械工程师。

一个划时代的发展化学工程是出版 1901 第一个关于教科书问题，由乔治戴维斯，一个英国化学顾问，这集中于设计的植物项目的具体操作。

这一概念的处理植物包括一些业务，如混合，蒸发，和过滤，和这些行动基本上是类似的，不论产品，导致概念股操作的。

这是最早由美国化学工程师亚瑟小 1915 的基础上形成一个分类的化学工程的主宰主题下的 40 年。

大学化工专业英语Lesson-1Chemical EngineeringChemical engineering is the development of processes and the design and operation of plants in which materials undergo changes in physical or chemical state on a technical scale.化学工程是过程的开发和工厂的设计与操作，在工厂中材料以某种技术规模进行的物理或化学状态的变化。

Applied throughout the process industries, it is founded on the principles of chemical, physics, and mathematics.它建立在化学、物理和数学的原则上，适用于整个流程工业。

The laws of physical chemistry and physics govern the practicability and efficiency of chemical engineering operations.物理化学和物理定律支配着化工业务的实用性和效率。

Energy changes, deriving from thermodynamic considerations, are particularly important.能量的变化，从热力学考虑派生，显得尤其重要。

Mathematics is a basic tool in optimization and modeling.数学是一个优化和建模的基本工具。

Optimization means arranging materials, facilities, and energy to yield as productive and economical an operation as possible.优化意味着合理安排材料、设备和能源，尽可能生产经济多产的操作。

煤化工专业英语词汇1 (3)组装、冲压、喷漆等专业词汇Assembly line组装线Layout布置图Conveyer流水线物料板Rivet table拉钉机Rivet gun拉钉枪Screw driver起子Electric screw driver电动起子Pneumatic screw driver气动起子worktable 工作桌OOBA开箱检查fit together组装在一起fasten锁紧(螺丝)fixture 夹具(治具)pallet栈板barcode条码barcode scanner条码扫描器fuse together熔合fuse machine热熔机repair修理operator作业员QC品管supervisor 课长ME制造工程师MT制造生技cosmetic inspect外观检查inner parts inspect内部检查thumb screw大头螺丝lbs. inch镑、英寸EMI gasket导电条front plate前板rear plate后板chassis 基座bezel panel面板power button电源按键reset button重置键Hi-pot test of SPS高源高压测试Voltage switch of SPS电源电压接拉键sheet metal parts 冲件plastic parts塑胶件SOP制造作业程序material check list物料检查表work cell工作间trolley台车carton纸箱sub-line支线left fork叉车production department生产部门planning department企划部QC Section品管科stamping factory冲压厂painting factory烤漆厂molding factory成型厂common equipment常用设备uncoiler and straightener整平机punching machine 冲床robot机械手hydraulic machine油压机lathe车床planer |'plein?|刨床miller铣床grinder磨床driller铣床linear cutting线切割electrical sparkle电火花welder电焊机staker=reviting machine铆合机position职务president董事长general manager总经理special assistant manager特助factory director厂长department director部长deputy manager | =vice manager副理section supervisor课长deputy section supervisor =vice section superisor副课长group leader/supervisor组长line supervisor线长assistant manager助理to move, to carry, to handle搬运be put in storage入库pack packing包装to apply oil擦油to file burr 锉毛刺final inspection终检to connect material接料to reverse material 翻料wet station沾湿台Tiana天那水cleaning cloth抹布to load material上料to unload material卸料to return material/stock to退料scraped |'skr?pid|报废scrape ..v.刮;削deficient purchase来料不良manufacture procedure制程deficient manufacturing procedure制程不良oxidation |' ksi'dei?n|氧化scratch刮伤dents压痕defective upsiding down抽芽不良defective to staking铆合不良embedded lump镶块feeding is not in place送料不到位stamping-missing漏冲production capacity生产力education and training教育与训练proposal improvement提案改善spare parts=buffer备件forklift叉车trailer=long vehicle拖板车compound die合模die locker锁模器pressure plate=plate pinch压板bolt螺栓name of a department部门名称administration/general affairs dept总务部automatic screwdriver电动启子thickness gauge厚薄规gauge(or jig)治具power wire电源线buzzle蜂鸣器defective product label不良标签identifying sheet list标示单screwdriver holder起子插座pedal踩踏板stopper阻挡器flow board流水板hydraulic handjack油压板车forklift叉车pallet栈板glove(s)手套glove(s) with exposed fingers割手套thumb大拇指forefinger食指midfinger中指ring finger无名指little finger小指band-aid创可贴iudustrial alcohol工业酒精alcohol container沾湿台head of screwdriver起子头sweeper扫把mop拖把vaccum cleaner吸尘器rag 抹布garbage container灰箕garbage can垃圾箱garbage bag垃圾袋chain链条jack升降机production line流水线chain链条槽magnetizer加磁器lamp holder灯架to mop the floor拖地to clean the floor扫地to clean a table擦桌子air pipe 气管packaging tool打包机packaging打包missing part漏件wrong part错件excessive defects过多的缺陷critical defect极严重缺陷major defect主要缺陷minor defect次要缺陷not up to standard不合规格dimension/size is a little bigger尺寸偏大(小) cosmetic defect外观不良slipped screwhead/slippery screw head螺丝滑头slipped screwhead/shippery screw thread滑手speckle斑点mildewed=moldy=mouldy发霉rust生锈deformation变形burr(金属)flash(塑件)毛边poor staking铆合不良excesssive gap间隙过大grease/oil stains油污inclusion杂质painting peel off脏污shrinking/shrinkage缩水mixed color杂色scratch划伤poor processing 制程不良poor incoming part事件不良fold of pakaging belt打包带折皱painting make-up补漆discoloration羿色water spots水渍polishing/surface processing表面处理exposed metal/bare metal金属裸露lack of painting烤漆不到位safety安全quality品质delivery deadline交货期cost成本engineering工程die repair模修enterprise plan = enterprise expansion projects企划QC品管die worker模工production, to produce生产equipment设备to start a press开机stop/switch off a press关机classification整理regulation整顿cleanness清扫conservation清洁culture教养qualified products, up-to-grade products良品defective products, not up-to-grade products不良品waste废料board看板feeder送料机sliding rack滑料架defective product box不良品箱die change 换模to fix a die装模to take apart a die拆模to repair a die修模packing material包材basket蝴蝶竺plastic basket胶筐isolating plate baffle plate; barricade隔板carton box纸箱to pull and stretch拉深to put material in place, to cut material, to input落料to impose lines压线to compress, compressing压缩character die字模to feed, feeding送料transportation运输(be)qualfied, up to grade合格not up to grade, not qualified不合格material change, stock change材料变更feature change 特性变更evaluation评估prepare for, make preparations for 准备parameters参数rotating speed, revolution转速manufacture management制造管理abnormal handling异常处理production unit生产单位lots of production生产批量steel plate钢板roll material卷料manufacture procedure制程operation procedure作业流程to revise, modify修订to switch over to, switch---to throw--over switching over切换engineering, project difficulty工程瓶颈stage die工程模automation自动化to stake, staking, reviting铆合add lubricating oil加润滑油shut die架模shut height of a die架模高度analog-mode device类模器die lifter举模器argon welding氩焊vocabulary for stamping冲压常词汇stamping, press冲压punch press, dieing out press冲床uncoiler & strainghtener整平机feeder送料机rack, shelf, stack料架cylinder油缸robot机械手taker取料机conveyer belt输送带transmission rack输送架top stop上死点bottom stop下死点one stroke一行程inch寸动to continue, cont.连动to grip(material)吸料location lump, locating piece, block stop 定位块reset复位smoothly顺利dent压痕scratch刮伤deformation变形filings铁削to draw holes抽孔inquiry, search for查寻to stock, storage, in stock库存receive领取approval examine and verify审核processing, to process加工delivery, to deliver 交货to return delivenry to.to send delinery backto retrn of goods退货registration登记registration card登记卡to control管制to put forward and hand in提报safe stock安全库存acceptance = receive验收to notice通知application form for purchase请购单consume, consumption消耗to fill in填写abrasion磨损reverse angle = chamfer倒角character die字模to collect, to gather收集failure, trouble故障statistics统计demand and supply需求career card履历卡to take apart a die卸下模具to load a die装上模具to tight a bolt拧紧螺栓to looser a bolt拧松螺栓to move away a die plate移走模板easily damaged parts易损件standard parts标准件breaking.(be)broken,(be)cracked 断裂to lubricate润滑common vocabulary for die engineering模具工程常用词汇die 模具figure file, chart file图档cutting die, blanking die冲裁模progressive die, follow (-on)die连续模compound die复合模punched hole冲孔panel board镶块to cutedges=side cut=side scrap切边to bending折弯to pull, to stretch拉伸Line streching, line pulling线拉伸engraving, to engrave刻印upsiding down edges翻边to stake铆合designing, to design设计design modification设计变化die block模块folded block折弯块sliding block滑块location pin定位销lifting pin顶料销die plate, front board模板padding block垫块stepping bar垫条upper die base上模座lower die base下模座upper supporting blank上承板upper padding plate blank上垫板spare dies模具备品spring 弹簧bolt螺栓document folder文件夹file folder资料夹to put file in order整理资料spare tools location手工备品仓first count初盘人first check初盘复棹人second count 复盘人second check复盘复核人equipment设备waste materials废料work in progress product在制品casing = containerazation装箱quantity of physical invetory second count 复盘点数量quantity of customs count会计师盘,点数量the first page第一联filed by accounting department for reference会计部存查end-user/using unit(department)使用单位summary of year-end physical inventory bills年终盘点截止单据汇总表bill name单据名称This sheet and physical inventory list will be sent to accounting department together (Those of NHK will be sent to financial department)本表请与盘点清册一起送会计部－(NHK厂区送财会部)Application status records of year-end physical inventory List and physical inventory card 年终盘点卡与清册使用－状况明细表blank and waste sheet NO.空白与作废单号plate电镀mold成型material for engineering mold testing工程试模材料not included in physical inventory不列入盘点sample样品incoming material to be inspected进货待验description品名steel/rolled steel钢材material statistics sheet物料统计明细表meeting minutes会议记录meeting type 会别distribution department分发单位location地点chairman主席present members出席人员subject主题conclusion结论decision items决议事项responsible department负责单位pre-fixed finishing date预定完成日approved by / checked by / prepared by核准/审核/承办PCE assembly production schedule sheetPCE组装厂生产排配表model机锺work order工令revision版次remark备注production control confirmation生产确认checked by初审approved by核准department部门stock age analysis sheet库存货龄分析表on-hand inventory现有库存available material良品可使用obsolete material良品已呆滞to be inspected or reworked待验或重工total合计cause description原因说明part number/ P/N 料号type形态item/group/class类别quality品质prepared by制表notes说明year-end physical inventory difference analysis sheet年终盘点差异分析表physical inventory盘点数量physical count quantity帐面数量difference quantity差异量cause analysis原因分析raw materials原料materials物料finished product成品semi-finished product半成品packing materials包材good product/accepted goods/ accepted parts/good parts良品defective product/non-good parts不良品disposed goods处理品warehouse/hub仓库on way location在途仓oversea location海外仓spare parts physical inventory list备品盘点清单spare molds location模具备品仓skid/pallet栈板tox machine自铆机wire EDM线割EDM放电机coil stock卷料sheet stock片料tolerance工差score=groove压线cam block滑块pilot导正筒trim剪外边pierce剪内边drag form压锻差pocket for the punch head挂钩槽slug hole废料孔feature die公母模expansion dwg展开图radius半径shim(wedge)楔子torch-flame cut火焰切割set screw止付螺丝form block折刀stop pin定位销round pierce punch=die button圆冲子shape punch=die insert异形子stock locater block定位块under cut=scrap chopper清角active plate活动板baffle plate挡块cover plate盖板male die公模female die母模groove punch压线冲子air-cushion eject-rod气垫顶杆spring-box eject-plate弹簧箱顶板bushing block衬套insert 入块club car高尔夫球车capability能力parameter参数factor系数phosphate皮膜化成viscosity涂料粘度alkalidipping脱脂main manifold主集流脉bezel斜视规blanking穿落模dejecting顶固模demagnetization去磁;消磁high-speed transmission高速传递heat dissipation热传rack上料degrease脱脂rinse水洗alkaline etch龄咬desmut剥黑膜D.I. rinse纯水次Chromate铬酸处理Anodize阳性处理seal封孔revision版次part number/P/N料号good products良品scraped products报废品defective products不良品finished products成品disposed products处理品barcode条码flow chart流程表单assembly组装stamping冲压molding成型spare parts=buffer备品coordinate座标dismantle the die折模auxiliary fuction辅助功能poly-line多义线heater band 加热片thermocouple热电偶sand blasting喷沙grit 砂砾derusting machine除锈机degate打浇口dryer烘干机induction感应induction light感应光response=reaction=interaction感应ram连杆edge finder巡边器concave凸convex凹short射料不足nick缺口speck瑕??shine亮班splay 银纹gas mark焦痕delamination起鳞cold slug冷块blush 导色gouge沟槽;凿槽satin texture段面咬花witness line证示线patent专利grit沙砾granule=peuet=grain细粒grit maker抽粒机cushion缓冲magnalium镁铝合金magnesium镁金metal plate钣金lathe车mill锉plane刨grind磨drill铝boring镗blinster气泡fillet镶;嵌边through-hole form通孔形式voller pin formality滚针形式cam driver铡楔shank摸柄crank shaft曲柄轴augular offset角度偏差velocity速度production tempo生产进度现状torque扭矩spline=the multiple keys花键quenching淬火tempering回火annealing退火carbonization碳化alloy合金tungsten high speed steel钨高速的moly high speed steel钼高速的organic solvent有机溶剂bracket小磁导liaison联络单volatile挥发性resistance电阻ion离子titrator滴定仪beacon警示灯coolant冷却液crusher破碎机模具工程类plain die简易模pierce die冲孔模forming die成型模progressive die连续模gang dies复合模shearing die剪边模riveting die铆合模pierce冲孔forming成型(抽凸,冲凸)draw hole抽孔bending折弯trim切边emboss凸点dome凸圆semi-shearing半剪stamp mark冲记号deburr or coin压毛边punch riveting冲压铆合side stretch侧冲压平reel stretch卷圆压平groove压线blanking下料stamp letter冲字(料号)shearing剪断tick-mark nearside正面压印tick-mark farside反面压印冲压名称类extension dwg展开图procedure dwg工程图die structure dwg模具结构图material材质material thickness料片厚度factor系数upward向上downward向下press specification冲床规格die height range适用模高die height闭模高度burr毛边gap间隙weight重量total wt.总重量punch wt.上模重量五金零件类inner guiding post内导柱inner hexagon screw内六角螺钉dowel pin固定销coil spring弹簧lifter pin顶料销eq-height sleeves=spool等高套筒pin销lifter guide pin浮升导料销guide pin导正销wire spring圆线弹簧outer guiding post外导柱stop screw止付螺丝located pin定位销outer bush外导套maggie1314 2006-05-25 13:43模板类top plate上托板（顶板）top block上垫脚punch set上模座punch pad上垫板punch holder上夹板stripper pad脱料背板up stripper上脱料板male die公模(凸模)feature die公母模female die母模(凹模)upper plate上模板lower plate下模板die pad下垫板die holder下夹板die set下模座bottom block下垫脚bottom plate下托板(底板)stripping plate内外打(脱料板)outer stripper外脱料板inner stripper内脱料板lower stripper下脱料板零件类punch冲头insert入块(嵌入件)deburring punch压毛边冲子groove punch压线冲子stamped punch字模冲子round punch圆冲子special shape punch异形冲子bending block折刀roller滚轴baffle plate挡块located block定位块supporting block for location定位支承块air cushion plate气垫板air-cushion eject-rod气垫顶杆trimming punch切边冲子stiffening rib punch = stinger 加强筋冲子ribbon punch压筋冲子reel-stretch punch卷圆压平冲子guide plate定位板sliding block滑块sliding dowel block滑块固定块active plate活动板lower sliding plate下滑块板upper holder block上压块upper mid plate上中间板spring box弹簧箱spring-box eject-rod弹簧箱顶杆spring-box eject-plate弹簧箱顶板bushing bolck衬套cover plate盖板guide pad导料块塑件&模具相关英文compre sion molding压缩成型flash mold溢流式模具plsitive mold挤压式模具split mold分割式模具cavity型控母模core模心公模taper锥拔leather cloak仿皮革shiver饰纹flow mark流痕welding mark溶合痕post screw insert螺纹套筒埋值self tapping screw自攻螺丝striper plate脱料板piston活塞cylinder汽缸套chip细碎物handle mold手持式模具移转成型用模具encapsulation molding低压封装成型射出成型用模具two plate两极式（模具）well type蓄料井insulated runner绝缘浇道方式hot runner热浇道runner plat浇道模块valve gate阀门浇口band heater环带状的电热器spindle阀针spear head刨尖头slag well冷料井cold slag冷料渣air vent排气道h=0.02~0.05mmw=3.2mmL=3~5mmwelding line熔合痕eject pin顶出针knock pin顶出销return pin回位销反顶针sleave套筒stripper plate脱料板insert core放置入子runner stripper plate浇道脱料板guide pin导销eject rod (bar)（成型机）顶业捧subzero深冷处理three plate三极式模具runner system浇道系统stress crack应力电裂orientation定向sprue gate射料浇口，直浇口nozzle射嘴sprue lock pin料头钩销(拉料杆) slag well冷料井side gate侧浇口edge gate侧缘浇口tab gate搭接浇口film gate薄膜浇口flash gate闸门浇口slit gate缝隙浇口fan gate扇形浇口dish gate因盘形浇口H=F=1/2t~1/5tT=2.5~3.5mmdiaphragm gate隔膜浇口ring gate环形浇口subarine gate潜入式浇口tunnel gate隧道式浇口pin gate针点浇口Φ0.8~1.0mmRunner less无浇道(sprue less)无射料管方式long nozzle延长喷嘴方式sprue浇口;溶渣。