考博作文写作技巧
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考博英语作文万能模板一、议论文模板。
1. 开头段。
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (话题). It is generally believed that (观点1). However, some people argue that (观点2). As for me, I firmly support the former view for the following reasons.2. 中间段1。
To begin with, (理由1). What's more, (理由2). Last but not least, (理由3). Therefore, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that (观点1).3. 中间段2。
On the contrary, (观点2). For one thing, (理由1). For another, (理由2). As a result, (结论).4. 结尾段。
In conclusion, (总结观点). From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that (观点1). Only if we (解决方法), can we (展望未来).二、图表作文模板。
1. 开头段。
The chart provides us with a vivid picture of (图表主题). According to the statistics given, it is clear that (图表内容). It is obvious that the chart is of great significance.2. 中间段1。
From the chart, we can see that (数据1). What's more, (数据2). It is also worth mentioning that (数据3). Therefore, we can come to the conclusion that (结论).3. 中间段2。
考博英语作文的写作技巧要考博士了那么你应该知道考博英语作文应该怎么写?有什么样的写作技巧?下面是我整理的考博英语作文写作技能的相关内容,仅供参考。
考博英语作文写作技能【1】首先,一个段落必须有一个中心,即主题思想,该中心由主题句特别是其中的题旨来表达。
整个段落必须紧扣这个主题(stick or hold to the topic),这就是段落的统一性(unity)。
其次,一个段落必须有若干扩展句,使主题思想得到充分展开,从而给读者一个完整的感觉,这就是完整性(completeness or adequateness)。
最后,一个段落不是杂乱无章的,而是有机的组合,句子的排列顺序必须合乎逻辑,从一个句子到另一个句子的过渡必须流畅(smooth),这就是连贯性(coherence)。
根据文章题目以及你所想要表示的意思下手,下面我们就对这三个标准分别加以说明。
一考博英语作文首先要注意的势统一性一个段落内的各个句子必须从属于一个中心,任何游离于中心思想之外的句子都是不可取的。
请看下例:joe and i decided to take the long trip wed always wanted across the country. we were like young kids buying our camper and stocking it with all the necessities of life.bella bakes the best rhubarb pie. we started out in early spring fromminneapolis and headed west across the northern part of the country.we both enjoyed those people we met at the trailer park. joe received a watch at his retirement dinner. to our surprise, we found that we liked the warm southern regions very much, and so we decided to stay here in new mexico.本段的主题句是段首句,controlling idea(中心思想)是take the long trip across the country。
写好考博作文的几点看法人也曾是考硕士、考博大军中的一员,深知作文的好坏直接影响总分,怎样才能得到好的分数呢?主要有以下几点体会:一是要背一些句型,各种长短句的搭配运用能有效提高作文的档次,当然分值也就提高了;二是要记一些不同类型作文的框架,针对不同的题材,通过修饰、润色,基本就差不多了;三是要学会举例子,在写到山穷水尽时,不妨来个例子,尽可在不偏离主题的情况下自由发挥,要求的字数也就上去了。
这仅仅是我自己感觉写作中较重要的三点,不能以偏概全,其他还有许多要注意的问题,由于本文篇幅所限,不再赘述,这也只是应试的小体会,要真正提高写作能力,诸君要多练、多体会才是。
仿照下面几篇文章,大家改写试试,说不定会有所帮助。
1.Directions:Women make a great contribution to the progress of modern society. But there are still some people who don’t agree with it.There has been a discussion recently on the issue in a newspaper. Write an essay to the newspaper based on the following outline.1. Role of women in modern society2. Prejudices and discrimination against women3. My commentYou should write about 200 words within 40 minutes.Women play an important part in modern society. Now many women are going into professions, such as medicine, law and engineering. They comprise a large part of the workers in offices and factories. Many jobs they are engaged in are in line with their special capabilities of their sex. In addition, some of are working up to important positions which used to be held mainly by men. There are even some businesses which are run completely by women. It is obvious that women are making an outstanding contribution to the progress of modern society.There are, however, still some people who assert that men are superior to women in many ways. In the first place, many jobs men do can hardly be done by women, who are physically not strong enough. They believe that women are the weaker sex – both physically and emotionally. Thus, women are naturally suited, much more so than men, to the performance of domestic duties. According to them, a woman’s place is within the protective environment of the home. Secondly, most of the world-famous scientists and statesmen are found to be males. Finally, the whole society seems to have always beendominated by men only. In their opinion, men should enjoy more rights than do women.Personally, I’m firmly standing on the side of th ose women right defenders. Since both men and women are equally important in human activities, they should be on an equal footing.2.Directions: In this part, you are to write an essay of about 200 words within 40 minutes. Study the following table care fully and your composition must be based on the information given in the table. You should quote as few figures as possible.Outline: 1. Changes in people’s daily expanses in the past five years2. Possible reasons for the changes3. My own conclusion3.Directions: Migrant workers (外地民工) have made a great contribution to the prosperity of cities. In this part, you are to write within 40 minutes a composition of 200 words about “The Role of Migrant Workers”. You can agree and/or disagree, completely or pa rtially to above statement. But no matter which position you take, you should supporting reasons.As is known to all, migrant workers have made a great contribution to the prosperity of cities. They are an indispensable part of our work force. Most of them work on construction sites. There is no doubt that without migrant workers many of construction projects would have to be held up for lack of manpower. In addition, a large number of migrant workers are a beneficial factor, which enhances the consumption of food and daily items. This in turn helps to develop food industry and service trades in cites. All these are positive aspects of migrant workers in cities.However, as a popular saying goes, “Everything has two sides”. The same is the case wit h migrant workers. Firstly, most of them are not well educated and professionally trained. Some of them have had very little schooling. As you know. Illiterate people, who are usually ignorant of the law, tend to make trouble, thus endangering social order. Secondly, most of the migrant workers swarm into big cities just to make money. Being illiterate or unskilled, some of them would stop at nothing to get what they are ambitious for. Therefore, they are a potential threat to the peace and stability of society.In my opinion, in the appraisal of migrant workers, it is one-sided to affirm everything or to negate everything. We should appreciate the great contribution made by them, and at the same time pay enough attention to the problems caused by them.。
申请博士学位必备的写作技巧在申请博士学位的过程中,写作是一个不可忽视的重要环节。
不仅要在申请材料中准确地表达自己的研究兴趣和能力,还要通过论文或研究计划展示自己的学术潜力和创新能力。
下面将介绍一些申请博士学位必备的写作技巧,帮助申请者在写作过程中提高效率和质量。
首先,了解目标学术领域的研究热点和前沿。
在申请博士学位时,了解目标学术领域的研究热点和前沿是至关重要的。
这不仅可以帮助申请者确定自己的研究方向和兴趣,还可以在写作过程中展示自己对该领域的了解和关注。
申请者可以通过阅读相关领域的学术期刊、会议论文和专业书籍,了解当前的研究进展和争议,从而在写作中提出有价值的研究问题和方法。
其次,制定合理的写作计划和时间安排。
在申请博士学位时,写作是一个长期而繁琐的过程。
为了提高写作效率和质量,申请者应制定合理的写作计划和时间安排。
可以根据自己的研究进展和目标,将写作任务分解为若干个小目标,并为每个小目标设定明确的截止日期。
此外,合理安排每天的写作时间,避免拖延和分心,专注于写作任务。
第三,进行充分的文献调研和资料收集。
在申请博士学位时,充分的文献调研和资料收集是写作的基础。
申请者应该广泛阅读与自己研究方向相关的学术文献,了解前人的研究成果和观点。
同时,还应该收集和整理与自己研究方向相关的实验数据、统计资料和案例分析等。
这些文献和资料不仅可以帮助申请者建立自己的研究框架和理论基础,还可以为写作提供有力的支持和论证。
第四,合理组织论文结构和内容。
在申请博士学位时,论文的结构和内容是评审委员会评估申请者学术能力和研究潜力的重要依据。
申请者应该合理组织论文的结构和内容,确保逻辑清晰、条理分明。
一般来说,论文应包括引言、文献综述、研究方法、实验结果、讨论和结论等部分。
在每个部分中,申请者应该清晰地阐述自己的研究问题、研究方法和研究结果,并对结果进行充分的讨论和解释。
第五,注重语言表达和写作风格。
在申请博士学位时,语言表达和写作风格是评审委员会评估申请者学术能力和写作水平的重要依据。
考博作文应试方法既高分作文四大策略:1.内容简单化;2.结构模式化;3.语言要包装;4.考前要强化。
应试步骤:首先在写作中应合理分配时间。
一般可利用10~15分钟审题,列素材;20~25分钟作文;5分钟修改。
然后应遵循通常的写作步骤来完成短文。
其中包括:1.审题与构思(brain storm)2.扩展段落3.检查与修改句子的多样性:介宾结构的使用●城市的午夜有灯光,城市的夏天有空调,城市的街道有公汽,城市比农村其实更适合人类居住。
Because of the brightness at midnight, because of the air conditioners in the hot summer, and because of the buses on the streets, big cities are more suitable to live than the small towns.●Tom 在大学期间表现优秀,Tom 被选举为我们的班长。
Because Tom performed well during his undergraduate study, he was elected class representative. Because of good performance during undergraduate study, Tom was elected class representative.●道路穿越平原,向远方延伸。
Across the plain, the road extends far.●经济无论停滞,还是经济发达,中国人民从来没有放弃对对美好未来的信心。
No matter in a stagnant economy, or in a advanced economy, Chinese people never lost their confidence in a prosperous future.●我无法完成这个对于我来说很难的任务。
评委分享的考博英语写作格式注意事项考博英语作文式主要包括题目、文章布局、大小写以及标点符号等四个方面:一、题目题目位置:上方居中。
同时还应在话题和正文之间留出一定的距离,即比正文行距稍宽一些。
实词首字母要大写,其它虚词如冠词、连词(但如连词的字母多于5个时则大写)和介词首字母不需要大写。
比如:误:Attitudes Toward Money正:Attitudes toward Money二、文章的格式1、四边留空:卷面的四边留出适当空白。
2、首行缩进:统一的空格(一般缩进4-6个字节)。
三、大小写方面的错误大小写需重点关注,大写规则有以下几条:1、大写每句话的第一个字母和直接引语的第一字母,如:H e said,"H e is going to Shanghai next week".2、大写专有名词,或用作专有名词的部分普通名词,通常是缩略形式。
如:DrG .G . East3、大写缩写字母。
如:MPA ,MBA ,BBC4、文章标题要大写。
5、头衔在专有名词前要大写,在专有名词后就小写。
例如:Captain Smith——Smith, the captain;Uncle George——George ,my uncle四、标点符号错误及分析切忌从头到尾只用逗号。
尤其要正确使用逗号和分号。
另外还要注意这些关于标点的小细节:1、英语中没有顿号,在汉语需要顿号的情况下可以用逗号。
2、汉语中的引言通常都是:“”的格式,而英语中不用冒号,用逗号,如, " ".3、书名、文章名等出版物名称用下划线或者斜体字表示(手写时用下划线)。
4、破折号可以用在一个句子的前面或后面加入额外的注释,灵活地运用破折号可以使长句子变得更加生动,增加文章的文采。
五、三段式作文注意事项1、作文卷面要保持整洁,不要连笔,不要涂改。
这是获取印象分的重点! 很多考生由于在考场过于紧张导致作文的单词老是写错,这是致命伤,会直接让你越写越没感觉就越没信心了。
图画作文提纲作文写作攻略图画作文写作攻略图画作文是较难的题型之一,近几年考博英语写作试题中时有图画题型,因此应该特别认真地对待。
这类题一般要求仔细看图,根据题目要求写成自己的作文。
实际上,图画作文也可以当作三段式的提纲作文来写。
第一段用来描述图画并揭示其寓意(寓意一般用一句话来概括就可以),第二段分析原因,最后一段发表评论或提出建议,其中第二、三段应该是写作的重点。
面对此类题型,首先确定主题,然后再动笔。
具体写作要点:(1) 仔细研究作文指令,弄清楚作文的要求,是否有标题?是否有提纲?然后从题目中找出中心词,分析修饰词,准确地抓住题目的中心思想。
(2)认真解读图画,因为图画是作文的信息基础。
应对图画进行全面而细致的研究,尤其要注意图画中人或物(人与物)的体貌表情特征和背景,确定人物之间,人物与背景之间的主要关系,以便正确掌握图画所传达的信息。
(3)如果图画以系列形式(既两幅以上)出现,除需掌握每一幅图画的信息外,还应该对图画之间的相互联系有所理解,在整体上把握图画所传达的信息。
(4)面对图画作文,应该展开合理而丰富的联想,用生动恰当的言辞抒发自己对图画的所思、所想、所感。
(5)注意图画作文中的文字说明。
文字说明非常重要,通常十分清楚地提供一些写作要点,在看说明时要看清主、谓、宾,正确理解说明的意义。
(6)草拟提纲,合理组织材料。
根据图画内容的不同采用不同的段落发展方式。
如图画式作文写作多要求进行描写图画。
对于漫画式写作,漫画描写本身并不重要,但文章的寓意却要力求准确,不要拖泥带水。
(7)系统且突出地展开段落。
展开段落要根据画面内容进行,最好能围绕每一段的主题句进行。
(8)检查与修改。
重点检查图画内容是否准确地被表达出来,题目所给提示是否完整地反映在文章之中。
如果存在与画面不相符的内容,或未能完全涵盖题目所给提示,应对文章做出相应修订。
2. 必背模版句型As is described in the picture...这幅图描述了……The purpose of the picture is to show us that...这幅图的目的是为了给我们展示……We can deduce form this picture that...从这幅图中我们可以推断……The picture indicates / conveys the meaning that这幅图指出/传达……More and more people have come to realize...越来越多的人已经意识到……Now it is commonly held that... but I doubt whether...现在大家都普遍认为……,但我怀疑……As is shown in the picture, we can see clearly the relationship between... and ...从图中我们可以清楚的看到……和……的关系。
考博英语作文凑字数的三个方法考博英语作文"凑字数"的三个方法考博英语作文要完成一篇250~300个词的英文文章,要凑够字数,还不能写得太简单,如何使考博英语作文简练、流畅而不装腔作势。
下面新东方在线考博频道整理了三种2016考博英语作文凑字数的方法,和大家共享。
方法一:宁写一词、不写一句这种方法主要用于替换引言套句。
具体的办法是将主题句前面的“It goes withoutsaying that …”“There’s no denying the fact that…”等引言套句换成一个副词,直接引出主题句。
比如,考生写一篇关于“互联网”的文章,一般都会习惯性地用引言套句引出主题句,写成:“It goes without saying that the Internet has offered people a wayto communicate.”(句子1)还有些担心字数不够的考生甚至把上述句子扩充为:“I’m quite certain that a gro wing of number of people, youngsters inparticular, would agree that the Internet has offered people a way tocommunicate.”坦率地讲,在最初用英文写作时,笔者也经常用这样的句子,而且每次用心中都会感到一种巨大的“成就感”。
但你对英文写作熟悉了之后,就会慢慢发现,上述句子中的“I’m quite certain that a growing number of people, youngste rs inparticul ar, would agree that”(句子2)除了占用了你策划主题句的时间,实在没有什么实用价值。
相反,如果写作时不写这样的套句,而直接用副词引出主题句,则不光观点鲜明、结构简练,还能让考官一眼看到主题。
关于考博英语作文得分技巧
原那么与要求
论述文写作不建议直译原文,而是要抓主要论点,果断舍弃次要内容,突出新点,论点清晰,主要写中长句子,2-5个长句为宜;不写或少写短句,一篇作文大约由12-15句话组成。
摘要的构造、写作大纲
推荐考博英语作文写作构造遵循三段式:导言段——正文段(正反两方面)——结论段
考博英语作文的点睛之笔在于四点:1.文章分段;2.充分利用标题;3.每段都要有主题句;4.末句重复主题句已实现首尾照应。
1.逐字翻译;
2.引用过细,例子、数字、人名、地名等;
3.引用故事,原话(除非故事占大部分内容);
4.被原文牵着鼻子走;
5.使用原文意以外的称呼或个人观点。
“按照上述三点进展论述文写作就不会出现太大偏差。
”华慧考博英语朱健老师说到,“论述文写作方法很容易通过模板加以掌握,通过阅读大量范文,从中提炼出适合自己的风格,包括的模板开头、问题的提出、观点阐述的起、转、承等语句;模板总结出来,考试时只要只要结合详细的事类加以填充即可。
”。
最近考博作文模板随着考博热潮的不断升温,越来越多的人选择报考博士研究生。
考博作文是博士研究生入学考试的重要组成部分,也是考生展现自己学术能力和研究兴趣的重要机会。
因此,掌握一些考博作文的模板和写作技巧对于考生来说至关重要。
本文将为大家介绍最近考博作文的模板,希望能够帮助考生们在考试中取得好成绩。
一、考博作文模板。
1. 开头段。
首先,考生需要在开头段简要介绍自己的研究兴趣和学术背景,可以包括本科和硕士阶段的学习经历、科研成果等。
同时,还可以简要说明自己选择该专业和课题的原因,并表达对未来研究的期望和愿景。
2. 主体段落。
接下来,考生需要在主体段落中详细阐述自己的研究计划和课题设想。
可以包括研究的背景和意义、研究目标和内容、研究方法和技术路线等。
此外,还可以适当引用前人研究成果和相关文献,以展现自己对所选课题的深入了解和研究能力。
3. 结尾段。
最后,考生需要在结尾段对自己的研究计划进行总结,并再次表达对未来研究的期望和信心。
同时,还可以对未来的学术和职业发展进行展望,并表达对所报考学校和导师的敬意和期待。
二、考博作文写作技巧。
1. 确定主题和重点。
在写作考博作文时,考生需要明确自己的研究方向和课题,确定主题和重点,并围绕这些内容展开论述。
同时,还需要注意避免在作文中出现无关内容,保持文章的逻辑性和连贯性。
2. 突出创新性和实用性。
考博作文需要突出研究的创新性和实用性,即要表明自己的研究课题具有一定的理论和实践意义,能够为学术界和社会带来一定的启示和贡献。
因此,考生在写作时需要充分展现自己的研究思路和创新能力。
3. 注意语言表达和逻辑结构。
最后,考生需要注意语言表达和逻辑结构,避免出现语法错误和逻辑混乱的情况。
可以适当运用一些学术性词汇和表达方式,提升文章的学术水平和专业性。
通过以上介绍,相信大家对最近考博作文模板和写作技巧有了更深入的了解。
希望考生们能够在考试中发挥自己的优势,取得理想的成绩。
祝愿大家都能顺利通过考博,实现自己的学术梦想!。
写作段落段落是文章的重要组成部分,就像裁缝制衣,有了合适的布料(文章素材),还需精心剪裁,裁出合适的前后片、领子袖笼(不同的段落),最后才能缝制出漂亮合体的衣服(文章)。
根据目前研究生考试的情况看,考生若能把握住试卷中所提供的每一段落的主题句或中心句(Topic Sentence),将其扩展成主题鲜明、思想表达充分、无重大语法错误的段落,那么,他/她的文章就可以算是大功告成了。
因此,段落的写作技巧与方法是基础训练部分中最为关键的一步,本章将着重介绍这方面的知识,希望学习写作者能从以下的介绍、范文及练习中有所获益。
一)展开段落的常用方法1.段落的基本构成段落一般有三个基本组成部分:主题句(Topic Sentence)、扩展句(Developing Sentence)和结论句(Concluding Sentence)。
主题句在段落中起引导或序论(Introduction)的作用,是表明全段要描述什么或论述什么的中心词;扩展句是用来说明、解释或论证主题句所表述的主题或中心思想的,起到了引申和扩充的作用;而结论句则是在经过说明、解释或论证的基础上得出的结论,起到了总结全段主题或中心思想的作用。
(一)主题句(1)主题句位于句首。
在考试中,主题句通常位于段首,它的优点在于开门见山、直接点明主题,有助于应试者把握段落的中心思想,紧紧扣住主线自然展开,不至于误入歧途。
例如:①The most striking difference between home life and dormitory life is thatstudents must begin to take responsibility for their own actions. Students must depend on themselves to get up in the morning in time for class; they must depend on themselves to eat properly, to keep their clothes and bodies clean, and to set aside appropriate amounts of time for study and relaxation. Students must also begin to take care of how to spend their money, making sure to preserve enough for things that are essential rather than for fun. All of these responsibilities do a great deal toward preparing students for adult life.②Some people think that there is relationship between automobile accidents and suicide.Many accidents happen because the driver has been drinking. Many others occur because of speed of other reckless driving behavior. Drivers could avoid all of these factors if they wanted to. Therefore, many people suggest that such “accidents” are really self-destructive behavior on the part of the driver.③Responsible for a car of my own has shown me that car owner-ship shouldn’t be takenlightly. Before I owned a car, I would use my friend’s cars frequently and thought that all there was to having a car, putting gas in it and driving away. Now, however, I know about car notes and insurance premiums, which you have to pay if you want to keep driving. I am more concerned about checking things like tires, the battery, and the brakes because ifI don’t do this, no one else will. I am also more careful about my driving habits since Icould have an accident otherwise, causing my insurance rates to increase. And if I were to dent my car, I would get less money for it if I wanted to sell it.(2)主题句位于段中。
主题句位于段落中间的目的主要是要求应试者对两种事物或观点(见例①)或同一种事物两个方面(见例②)进行比较或对照,以此指出不同的或相反的论点,以便加以论证。
例如:①Californians and New Englanders are both American. They speak the same language andabide by the same federal laws. But they are very different in their ways of life. Mobility-both physical and psychological-has made a great impression on the culture of Californians; lack of mobility is the mark of the customs and morality of New Englanders.②Some people like to say. “Let bygones be bygones.” This is especially the case formisanthropes who hate to recall their past events. They hate their fellow-men; they hate everybody, perhaps themselves too. They never fall back on the happy memories of their past. In time of loneliness, instead of enriching their minds by enjoying their happy memories, they blame this world for being cold. Yet we may have something very funny in the past. Why not warm up your coldness by recalling them?(3)主题句位于段尾。
主题句出现在段尾时,通常起到制造悬念(见例①)和总结归纳(见例②)的作用。
例如:①Some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do. Others prefer tobe left to work on their own. Still others like a democratic discussion type of class. No one teaching method can be devised to satisfy all students at the same time.②Give students a chance to grow. Do not mold them from one of a thousand patterns. Letthem seek knowledge, but do not find it for them. Let them learn patience, do not set rigid time schedules. Most of all, do not push them against a stone wall, crushing them with knowledge gained from the experience of others. Experience cannot be taught; it must come slowly through personal search.(4)主题句位于其它位置。
这样的实例有:主题句位于段首和段尾,起到重复主题,强调段落中心思想的作用(见例①);主题句隐含其中(见例②),就像研究生考试中有时要求的那样,每一段必须包含一定的内容或意思,但它不是以句子或主题句的形式出现,而要通过整个段落反映出一个主题。
例如:①It has been said that everyone lives by selling something. In the light of this statement,teachers live by selling knowledge, philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort. Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us.…The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop. Everyone has something to sell.②One important purpose on blood is to carry the substances that maintain and repair thebody tissues. In this way, blood serves as a provider. A second use of blood is to act as a disposer, carrying wastes and gases away from the tissues of the body. Blood acts in a third way as a defender. The white corpuscles in the bloodstream constantly guard againstand try to destroy bacteria and other agents that threaten the body’s welfare.(隐含的主题为:Human blood serves the body in three important ways.)(二)扩展句扩展句是对主题句或主题的引申,它主要通过事例或实例说明或解释主题句所表述的中心思想(见例①);用论据来论证主题思想(见例②);通过不同的角度、层次对段落的主题加以进一步的阐明(见例③)。