北京理工大学2015年翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试初试模拟试题考试科目：211翻译硕士英语Part I.(30’)Section A:Vocabulary and grammar(20’)Directions:There are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET1.An increase in a nation's money supply,without an accompanying increase in economic activity,__________result in higher prices.A.tendsB.tends theC.tending toD.will tend to2.X-rays are able to pass through objects and thus make__________details that are otherwise impossible to observe.A.it visibleB.visiblyC.visibleD.they are visible3.Prices for bikes at that store run__________250dollars.A.as high asB.as high toC.so high toD.so high as4.He will not be__________to vote in this year's election.A.enough oldB.as old enoughC.old enoughD.enough old as5.Thomas Jefferson's achievements as an architect rival his contributions __________a politician.A.suchB.moreC.asD.than6.According to the conditions of my scholarship,after finishing my degree__________.A.my education will be employed by the universityB.employment will be given to me by the universityC.the university will employ meD.I will be employed by the university7.If Bob's wife won't agree to sign the papers,____________.A.neither he willB.neither will heC.neither won't heD.he won't neither8._____is generally accepted,economic growth is determined by the smooth development of production.A.WhatB.ThatC.ItD.As9.A violent revolution having broken out,all the ports of that country were laid under a(n)______.A.boycottB.embargoC.embarkD.ban10.Since_________can't work in the United States without a permit,so it is of great importance for them to present their credentials to the government.A.emigrantsB.expatriatesC.migrantsD.immigrants11.After the war,a new school building was put up_____there had once been a theatre.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when12.A modern city has been set up in_____was a wasteland ten years ago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where13.Professor Smith,along with his assistants,______on the project day and night to meet the deadline.A.workB.workingC.is workingD.are working14.The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without______his notes.A.bringing upB.referring toC.looking forD.trying on15.The Internet has brought______big changes in the way we work.A.aboutB.outC.backD.up16.The tourists are told that the remotest village in this area is only_________by a river.A.accessibleB.availableC.obtainableD.achievable17.He__________interrupted me by asking irrelevant questions.A.continuallyB.continuouslyC.consistentlyD.constantly18.Being a man of_________and public spirit.Mr.Russell labored zealously to advance the interest of the community and was much interested in bringing new manufacturing interests to Waterloo.A.firmB.enterprisepanyD.corporation19.When people do things wrong we should try hard to forgive them,as the idiom goes,“To______is human.”A.referB.conferC.deferD.err20.Although gaining a job as a real__________agent or broker may be relatively easy,beginning agents and brokers may face competition from well-established,more experienced ones.A.propertyB.estateC.houseD.assetsSection B:Proof Reading&Error Correction(10’)The passage contains TEN errors.Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error.In each case,only ONE word is involved.You should proof-read the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word,underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word,mark the position of the missing word with a"L"sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word,cross the unnecessary word with a slash"/"and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely.The argument has been going since at least the first(1)______ century B.C.Up to the beginning of the19th century,many writersfavoured certain kind of“free”translation:the spirit,not the letter;the(2)_____ sense not the word;the message rather the form;the matter not(3)_______the manner.This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who(4)_______ wanted the truth to be read and understood.Then in the turn of19th(5)_______ century,when the study of cultural anthropology suggested thatthe linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language(6)_______was entirely the product of culture,the view translation was impossible(7)_____gained some currency,and with it that,if was attempted at all,it must be as(8)____ literal as possible.This view culminated the statement of the(9)_______ extreme“literalists”Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.The argument was theoretical:the purpose of the translation,thenature of the readership,the type of the text,was not discussed.Toooften,writer,translator and reader were implicitly identified witheach other.Now,the context has changed,and the basic problem remains.(10)____PartⅡReading Comprehension(15*2’+5*2’)Directions:In this section there are four passages followed by a total of15multiple-choice questions and5short answer questions.Please read the passage and answer the question on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage AFor centuries men dreamed of achieving vertical flight.In400A.D.Chinese children played with a fan-like toy that spun upwards and fell back to earth as rotation ceased.Leonardo da Vinci conceive the first mechanical apparatus,called a“Helix,”which could carry man straight up,but was only a design and was never tested.The ancient-dream was finally realized in1940when a Russian engineer piloted a strange looking craft of steel tubing with a rotating fan on top.It rose awkwardly and vertically into the air from a standing start,hovered a few feet above the ground, went sideways and backwards,and then settled back to earth.The vehicle was called a helicopter.Imaginations were fired.Men dreamed of going to work in their own personal helicopters.People anticipate that vertical flight transports would carry millions of passengers as do the airliners of today.Such fantastic expectations were not fulfilled.The helicopter has now become an extremely useful machine.It excels in military missions,carrying troops,guns and strategic instruments where other aircraft cannot go.Corporations use them as airborne offices,many metropolitan areas use them in police work,construction and logging companies employ them in various advantageous ways,engineers use them for site selection and surveying,and oil companies use them as the best way to make offshore and remote work stations accessible to crews and supplies.Any urgent mission to a hard-to-get-to place is a likely task for a helicopter.Among their other multitude of used:deliver people across town,fly to and from airports,assist in rescue work,and aid in the search for missing or wanted persons.1.People expect that________.[A]the airliners of today would eventually be replaced by helicopters[B]helicopters would someday be able to transport large number of people from place to place as airliners are now doing[C]the imaginations fired by the Russian engineer’s invention would become a reality in the future[D]their fantastic expectations about helicopters could be fulfilled by airliners of today2.Helicopters work with the aid of________.[A]a combination of rotating devices in front and on top[B]a rotating device topside[C]one rotating fan in the center of the aircraft and others at each end[D]a rotating fan underneath for lifting3.What is said about the development of the helicopter?[A]Helicopters have only been worked on by man since1940.[B]Chinese children were the first to achieve flight in helicopters.[C]Helicopters were considered more dangerous than the early airplanes.[D]Some people thought they would become widely used by average individuals.4.How has the use of helicopters developed?[A]They have been widely used for various purposes.[B]They are taking the place of high-flying jets.[C]They are used for rescue work.[D]They are now used exclusively for commercial projects.5.Under what conditions are helicopters found to be absolutely essential?[A]For overseas passenger transportation.[B]For extremely high altitude flights.[C]For high-speed transportation.[D]For urgent mission to places inaccessible to other kinds of craft.Passage BIn ancient Greece athletic festivals were very important and had strong religious associations.The Olympian athletic festival held every four years in honor of Zeus,king of the Olympian Gods,eventually lost its local character,became first a national event and then,after the rules against foreign competitors had been abolished, international.No one knows exactly how far back the Olympic Games go,but some official records date from776B.C.The games took place in August on the plain by Mount Olympus.Many thousands of spectators gathered from all parts of Greece,but no married woman was admitted even as a spectator.Slaves,women and dishonored persons were not allowed to compete.The exact sequence of events uncertain,but events included boy’s gymnastics,boxing,wrestling,horse racing and field events, though there were fewer sports involved than in the modern Olympic Games.On the last day of the Games,all the winners were honored by having a ring of holy olive leaves placed on their heads.So great was the honor that the winner of the foot race gave his name to the year of his victory.Although Olympic winners received no prize money,they were,in fact,richly rewarded by their state authorities. How their results compared with modern standards,we unfortunately have no means of telling.After an uninterrupted history of almost1,200years,the Games were suspended by the Romans in394A.D.They continued for such a long time because people believed in the philosophy behind the Olympics:the idea that a healthy body produced a healthy mind,and that the spirit of competition in sports and games was preferable to the competition that caused wars.It was over1,500years before another such international athletic gathering took place in Athens in1896.Nowadays,the Games are held in different countries in turn.The host country provides vast facilities,including a stadium,swimming pools and living accommodation,but competing courtiers pay their own athletes’expenses.The Olympics start with the arrival in the stadium of a torch,lighted on Mount Olympus by the sun’s rays.It is carried by a succession of runners to the stadium.The torch symbolized the continuation of the ancient Greek athletic ideals,and it burns throughout the Games until the closing ceremony.The well-known Olympic flag, however,is a modern conception:the five interlocking rings symbolize the uniting of all five continents participating in the Games.6.In ancient Greece,the Olympic Games________.[A]were merely national athletic festivals[B]were in the nature of a national event with a strong religious colour[C]had rules which put foreign participants in a disadvantageous position[D]were primarily national events with few foreign participants7.In the early days of ancient Olympic Games________.[A]only male Greek athletes were allowed to participate in the games[B]all Greeks,irrespective of sex,religion or social status,were allowed to take part[C]all Greeks,with the exception of women,were allowed to compete in Games[D]all male Greeks were qualified to compete in the Games8.The order of athletic events at the ancient Olympics________.[A]has not definitely been established[B]varied according to the number of foreign competitors[C]was decided by Zeus,in whose honor the Games were held[D]was considered unimportant9.Modern athletes’results cannot be compared with those of ancient runners because ________.[A]the Greeks had no means of recording the results[B]they are much better[C]details such as the time were not recorded in the past[D]they are much worse10.Nowadays,the athletes’expenses are paid for________.[A]out of the prize money of the winners[B]out of the funds raised by the competing nations[C]by the athletes themselves[D]by contributionsPassage CIn science the meaning of the word“explain”suffers with civilization’s every step in search of reality.Science cannot really explain electricity,magnetism,and gravitation;their effects can be measured and predicted,but of their nature no more is known to the modern scientist than to Thales who first looked into the nature of the electrification of amber,a hard yellowish-brown gum.Most contemporary physicists reject the notion that man can ever discover what these mysterious forces“really”are.“Electricity,”Bertrand Russell says,“is not a thing,like St.Paul’s Cathedral;it is a way in which things behave.When we have told how things behave when they are electrified,and under what circumstances they are electrified,we have told all there is to tell.”Until recently scientists would have disapproved of such an idea.Aristotle, for example,whose natural science dominated Western thought for two thousand years,believed that man could arrive at an understanding of reality by reasoning from self-evident principles.He felt,for example,that it is a self-evident principle that everything in the universe has its proper place,hence one can deduce that objects fall to the ground because that’s where they belong,and smoke goes up because that’s where it belongs.The goal of Aristotelian science was to explain why things happen. Modern science was born when Galileo began trying to explain how things happen and thus originated the method of controlled experiment which now forms the basis of scientific investigation.11.The aim of controlled scientific experiments is________.[A]to explain why things happen[B]to explain how things happen[C]to describe self-evident principles[D]to support Aristotelian science12.What principles most influenced scientific thought for two thousand years?[A]the speculations of Thales[B]the forces of electricity,magnetism,and gravity[C]Aristotle’s natural science[D]Galileo’s discoveries13.Bertrand Russell’s notion about electricity is________.[A]disapproved of by most modern scientists[B]in agreement with Aristotle’s theory of self-evident principles[C]in agreement with scientific investigation directed toward“how”things happen[D]in agreement with scientific investigation directed toward“why”things happen14.The passage says that until recently scientists disagreed with the idea________.[A]that there are mysterious forces in the universe[B]that man cannot discover what forces“really”are[C]that there are self-evident principles[D]that we can discover why things behave as they do15.Modern science came into being________.[A]when the method of controlled experiment was first introduced[B]when Galileo succeeded in explaining how things happen[C]when Aristotelian scientist tried to explain why things happen[D]when scientists were able to acquire an understanding of reality of reasoningPassage DGeorge had stolen some money,but the police had caught him and he had been put in prison.Now his trial was about to begin,and he felt sure that he would be found guilty and sent to prison for a long time.Then he discovered that an old friend of his was one of the members of the jury at his trail.Of course,he didn’t tell anybody,but he managed to see his friend secretlyon day.He said to him,“Jim,I know that the jury will find me guilty of having stolen the money.I cann’t hope to be found not guilty of taking it—that would be too much to expect.But I should be grateful to you for the rest of my life if you could persuade the other members of the jury to add a strong recommendation for mercy to their statement that they consider me guilty.”“Well George,”answered Jim,“I shall certainly try to do what I look terribly strong-minded to me.”George said that he would quite understand if Jim was not able to do anything for him,and thanked him warmly for agreeing to help.The trial went on,and at last the time came for the jury to decide whether George was guilty or not.It took them five hours,but in the end they found George guilty, with a strong recommendation for mercy.Of course,Jim was very pleased,but he didn’t have a chance to see Jim for some time after the trial.At last,however,Jim visited him in prison,and George thanked him warmly and asked him how he had managed to persuaded the other member of the jury to recommend mercy.“Well, George,”Jim answered,“as I thought,those eleven men were very difficult to persuade,but I managed it in the end by tiring them out.Do you know,those fools had all wanted to find you not guilty!”16.How do you define“jury”?17.What did George expect Jim to do?18.What did Jim do to help George?19.How long did the Jury spend on making a decision?20.Why did George feel pleased about the decision?PartⅢWRITING(30’)As a candidate for the master’s degree program in translation,what do you think a professional translator should be equipped with in order to bridge languages and cultures in your future career?Please state your point of view clearly with detailed reasons.Marks will be awarded for content,organization,grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Write your essay on the ANSWER SHEET参考答案：partⅠ(30’)section A Vocabulary and grammar(20’)1-5DCACC6-10DBDBD11-15BACBA16-20AABDB Section B Proof Reading and Error Correction(10’)1.going后加on2.cerain改成some3.rather后加than4.is改为was5.in改为at6.去掉the7.view后加that8.删掉was9.statement改为statements10.and改为butPartⅡReading Comprehension(40’)1.[B]2.[B]3.[D]4.[A]5.[D]6.[B]7.[A]8.[A]9.[C]10.[B]11.[B]12.[C]13.[C]14.[B]15.[A]16A jury A group of people who decide if someone on trial is guilty or not guilty. 17George expected Jim to make the jury ask for less punishment for George and lighten his punishment.18He told the jury that George was indeed guilty19It took them5hours to make the decision.20Because The punishment was less severe than expected.PartⅢWRITING(30’)(略)。
