同等学历人员申请硕士学位英语水平模拟试题二Part I Listening Comprehension略Part II Vocabulary16. It is wrong to ________ a person of a crime unless you haveproof that he is guilty.A. blameB. accuseC. chargeD. warn17. The father is ________ by his boy's conduct.A. hurtedB. achedC. harmedD. pained18. We must cherish experience ________ at the cost of blood.A. achievedB. realizedC. acquiredD. required19. The secretary went through the typescript carefully to________ all errors from it.A. abandonB. eliminateC. dischargeD. withdraw20. The president ________ himself sincerely in his address tothe graduating class of the university.A. showedB. expressedC. displayedD. revealed21. Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was tothe others, ________of course, made the others jealous.A. thatB. whoC. whatD. which22. It wasn't such a good dinner ________ she had promised us.A. whatB. whichC. asD. that23. We were Happy to have a very ________ winter.A. plainB. softC. mildD. calm24. Attendances at football matches have ________ since thecoming of television .A. dropped inB. dropped offC. dropped outD. dropped down25. If yon stick ________ the piano every day, you could becomequite a good musician.A. after practisingB. under practisingC. to practisingD. to practise26. I like to have my reference books ________my reach.A. insideB. with inC. underD. beyond27. The police, catching the criminal ________ his guard,arrested him as he was drinking in a public house.A. offB. fromC. onD. up28. The Minister of Justice has ________ an immense amount ofcorrespondence before breakfast.A. got overB. got behindC. got roundD. got through29. If the young man had ________ the dog alone, it wouldn'thave bitten him .A. leftB. putC. setD. got30. Difficulties and hardships have _________ the best qualitiesof the young geologist.A. brought upB. brought outC. brought aboutD. brought forth31. The description of the scene was so (pathetic) that I wept allthrough it.A. vividB. affectingC. suspensiveD. comical32.His pleasant ways (beguiled) me into thinking that he waskind at heart.A. deprivedB. despisedC. divertedD. deceived33. He (derided) the idea that poverty could be eliminated simplyby handing out money to the poor.A. ridiculedB. advocatedC. challengedD. rejected34. half of the class (volunteered)to help decorate the gym forthe dance.A. promisedB. offeredC. tendedD. determined35. It was said that Tom's brother was under (indictment) formurder.A. suspicionB. attackC. tyrannyD. accusationPart III Reading ComprehensionPassage IAlthough the term "global warming" has become increasingly familiar to the general public, a recent survey carried out by the Chinchilla institute for Environmental Studies clearly demonstrates that the full implications of the term are far From under-stood. As long as pubis awareness remains so low, the political measures required to deal will the potentially disastrous consequences are unlikely to come about.Over 80 percent of the people interviewed in the Chinchilla Survey were unable to indicate any of the effects of a worldwide rise in temperature. Even more disturbing was the very small proportion of people interviewed (7. 4 percent) who felt that their lives would be directly affected by global warming during the next20) years.This indifference is in sharp contrast to be concerns voiced by the team of professionals who conducted the Survey. Team leader Professor Ernest Wong stated that we should expect to experience significant lifestyle changes as a result of the effects of global warming. In detailing the likely effects, Professor Wong emphasised that the climatic changes caused by rise in global temperature of only 1C would result in enormous changes.Primary among these changes would be the rise in sea level as a result of the melting of the polar icecaps. The consequent30-cencimetrerise in sea levels would have disastrous consequences for lowlying coastal areas. The very existence of countries such as Bangladesh would be threatened. Indeed, few coastal cities would entirely escape sever flooding and damageAlthough considerable debate surrounds the accuracy of Professor wrong's predictions those who share his pessimistic prediction insist that governments must respond to this challengeby investing in coastal defence.Even inland areas will not be able to avoid the consequences of global warming. Changes in the rainfall pattern are likely to result flooding and dsertification, both of which will influenceagriculture throughout the world.In a recent interview, Professor Wong illustrated these points with dramatic effect. Chinchilla itself, a medium-sized provincial city at the centre of one of the country's major ricegrowing areas, would, he claimed, be profoundly affected. Although, given its height and inland location, the city would not suffer front coastal flooding, the possible reduction in the rainfall would endanger theregion's economy.In concluding his interview, Professor Wong left his audience in no doubt about the urgency of the problem. "Unless we plan for the future, we will not see the necessary mobilisation of forces at local, regional, national, and international level that are essentialto face this issue, the issue of the 21st century."36. Who is well aware of the consequences of global warming?A. The government.B. The public.C. The experts.D. Both A and C37. Professor Wong called for _______.A. awareness at all levels to effectively face global warmingB. people's efforts to stop global warmingC. dams being built along the coastsD. people's changing their lifestyle right away38. It seems that _______ will not suffer as a result of globalwarming.A. coastal citiesB. inland places.C. no placesD. island countries39. The best title for this passage would be.A. Global Warming, an issue Worth Serious ConsiderationB. Global Warming and FloodingC. Global Warming and AgricultureD. Global Warming and its Effect on EconomyPassage 2Researchers have recently found a connection between diseases and stressful situations. To test this theory, psychologists are trying to find a link between the brain and the immune system.The immune system in our bodies fights the bacteria and viruses which cause disease. Therefore, whether or not we are likely to get various diseases depends on how well our immune systemworks. Biologists used to think that the immune system was a separate, independent part of our bodies. Recently, however, they have found that our brain can affect our immune system. This discovery indicates that there may be a connection between emotional factors, such as stress or depression, and illness.Although many doctors in the past suspected a connection between emotional factor and disease, they had no proof. Scientists have only recently discovered how the brain and the immune system function. Before this, no one could see a link between them. As a result, medical science never seriously considered the idea that psychological factors could causedisease.Several recent studies showed a connection between stress and illness. For example, researchers went to an American military school to study the students. They found that the sick students there had a lot of academic pressure and wanted to achieve, but they were not very good students, in a similar study, researchers studied a group of student nurses and found that the nurses who developed cold sores were the ones who described themselves asgeneral)y unhappy people.In addition to these results, which support their theory, researchers are also looking for proof that stress can damage the immune system. Researchers studied recently bereaved people, i.e. people whose loved ones have just died, because they are more likely to become ill or die. By examining the immune system of discovery, they examined some white blood cells which are an important part of the immune system. They were not functioning properly The fact that they were not working correctly indicates that severe psychological stress, such as a loved one's death, may damage an important part of our immune system.There is still no positive proof of a connection between the immune system and psychological factors. Researchers also say that the results of the studies on bereaved people could have a different explanation. For example, bereaved people often sleep and eat less than normal, or may drink alcohol or take medication. These factors can also affect the immune system. More research is needed co clearly establish the connection between the immune system and psychological factors.40. The study on the military school students indicated that_______.A. life in the school was very stressfulB. disease could be caused by psychological factorsC. the good students were likely to f311 illD. stress often made students unhappy41. The immune system _______.A. used to be unconnected with the brainB. causes a lot of stress to peopleC. can be affected by emotional factorsD. functions independently42. In the past, many doctors _______.A. never thought of any possible link between stress and illnessB. hardly considered emotional factors when dealing with apatientC. discovered that the brain and the immune system functionedindependentlyD. found that diseases were caused by psychological factors43. The study of recently bereaved people shows that _______.A. stress is directly linked with illnessB. bereaved people should control their motions properlyC. white blood cells are an important part of the immune systemD. damage can be done to the immune system by too muchstress44. Which of the following is NOT true according co the passage?A. Unhappiness may cause disease.B. Drinking alcohol may cause damage to the immune system.C. Too much sorrow is harmful to the immune system.D. Psychological stress leads naturally to the damage of theimmune system.Passage 3Some years ago, the theory was popular that after the age of about 40. the average researcher began losing his creativity. The chance of his making a major discovery was believed to drop off sharply. Hence, there really wasn't much point in encouraging aman of 45 or 50 to do research .In recent years, however, this theory has fallen into wide disrepute. Companies find that many researchers continue to be highly productive throughout their careers. There is every reason to allow these men to continue their pioneering work.May men can be of greatest service to a company by staying round. in the laboratory. A single outstanding discovery may have a far greater impact on the company's profit picture five years hence chan the activities of even the most capable administrator. It is simply, good sense-and good economics-to allow qualified researchers to continue their work. Granting these menmaximum freedom to explore their scientific ideas is alsoevidently good sense.Companies are also convinced that the traditional standards in establishing salaries are not completely valid. In former years, the amount of a man's salary was determined primarily by the size of his annual budget On this basis, the researcher-however brilliant-who had perhaps one assistant and never spent much money made an extremely poor showing. Companies now realize that the two very important criteria that must also be considered are a man's actual contributions to the company and his creativepotential .In today's era of scientific manpower shortage, companies have more reason than ever to encourage scientists to do the work forwhich they are most qualified. They also have greater reason than ever to pro-vide within the laboratory the environment in which the creative processes of research can be carried out mosteffectively.45. Some years ago, a company would employ a researcher_______.A. who was creativeB. who was under the age of 45 or 50C. who began to be creative after the ago 45 or 50D. both A and B46. According to the author, a productive researcher _______.A. is more valuable chan the most capable administratorB. is as good as the most capable adminstr3torC. should be paid n20re as he becomes olderD. will become less creative when he gets older47.A company now pays a researcher according to ________.A. his creative potentialB. his contributions to the companyC. how many inventions he madeD. both A and B48. formerly, the size of a researcher's salary was mainlydetermined by _______.A. how creative he wasB. how much he spent annuallyC. how long lie stayed in the company.D. how many assistants he had49. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage_______.A. There are more researchers now so that companies canchoose the most creative.B. A researcher has more assistants than a researcher did someyears ago .C. There are fewer researchers now, so companies should valuethe most qualified all the more.D. Most researchers will lose their creative power after leavingtheir laboratories.Passage 4The energy crisis, which is being felt around the world, has dramatized how the careless use of the earth's resources hasbrought the whole world to the brink of disaster. The over-development of motor transport, with its increase of more cars, more highways, more pollution. more its increase of more cars, more highways, more pollution, more suburbs, more commuting, has contributed to the near-destruction of our cities, the breakup of the family, and the pollution not only of local air, but also of the earth's atmosphere. The disaster has arrived inthe form of the energy crisis.Our present situation is unlike war, revolution or depression. It is also unlike the great natural disasters of the past. Worldwide resources exploitation and energy use have brought us to a state where long-range planning is essential. What we need is not a continuation of our present serious state, which endangers the future of our country, our children ,and our earth, but a movement forward to a new norm in order to work rapidly and effectively on planetary problems.This country has been falling back under the continuing exposures of loss of morality and the revelation that lawbreaking has reached into the highest places in the land. There is a strong demand for moral revival and for some devotion that is vastenough and yet personal enough to enlist the devotion of all. In the past it has been only in a war in defense of their own country and their own ideals that any people have been able to devotethemselves wholeheartedly.This is the first time that we have been asked to defend ourselves and what we hold dear in cooperation with all the otherinhabitants of this planet, who share with us the same endangered air and the same endangered oceans. There is a common need to reassess our present course, to change that course, and to devise new methods through which the world can survive. This is a priceless opportunity.To grasp it, we need a widespread understanding of the nature of the crisis confronting us, and the world, a crisis that is no passing in-convenience, no by-product of the ambitions of theoil-producing countries, no environmentalists' mere fears, no byproduct of any present system of government. What we faces is the outcome of the invention of the last four hundred years. What we need is a transformed lifestyle. This new life style can now directly from science and technology, but its acceptance depends on an sincere devotion to finding a higher quality of lifefor the world's children and future generation.50. Which condition does the author feel has nearly destroyedour cities?A. Lack of financial planning.B. The breakup of the family.C. Natural disasters in many regions.D. The excessive growth of motor transportation.51. According to the author ,what is one example of out loss ofmorality ?A. Disregard for law .B. Lack of devotionC. Lack of cooperation.D. Exploitation of resources .52. By comparing past problems with present ones ,the authordraws attention to the _________.A. significance of this crisisB. inadequacy of governmentsC. similarity of the past to the presentD. hopelessness of the situation53. What contribution does the author feel people must nowmake?A. Search for new energy sources.B. Outlaw motor transportation.C. Accept a new lifestyle.D. Adopt a new form of government.Passage 5Stopping personal and institutional racism will benefit racial minorities and the white majority. Racism and its consequencesultimately harm everyone.Attacks against racism must take place on two levels. First, racist ideas must be attacked as incorrect. Ideas implying the inferiority of nonwhites, no matter how subtly they are stated, areinevitably used to just correct attitude towards minorities.Second, attacks must also be made on practices that-whether intended to do so or not-contribute to the subordinate status of nonwhites . This means fighting discrimination and exploitation wherever they appear and calling for positive institutional practices that will up-grade and provide opportunities for minority group members. Movements to end school and housing segregation and co put an end to discrimination in employment must once again become as important as the1960s civil rights movement. More people must join or create collective effortsagainst racism.We must not lost sight of the fact that many of the problems facing minority group members are matters affecting tens of millions of white people as well. Poverty, substandard schooling, unemployment, and poor housing are not only or even primarily minority problems. By calling for social changes, such as a reduction in economic inequality and the expansion of free or low-cost services, the difficult situation of many whites as well as minorities cam be measurably improved. At present, improvement in the economic and political position of minorities is often seen as a threat to whites. The assumption is that whites will suffer losses if nonwhites make gains in employment, education, and politics. This will continue to be a problem so tong as we believe that competition for existing resources and opportunities is part of the "natural order" . We need to begin ignoring the color line, so that all people with common wants and needs can develop strategies for change through which all can gain. The only losers should be those whose power and privilege depend on maintaining racial segregation.54. In order to stop racism _________ will be necessary.A. changes in people's ideasB. actions taken by the whitesC. collective efforts from different sidesD. All of the above55 . The author points out that changing the situation _________.A. demands greater efforts from the nonwhitesB. demands greater efforts from various institutionsC. will also benefit many white peopleD. will not affect the whites in any way56. The people with racist ideas regard more equality betweendifferent races as _________.A. fearfulB. unpracticalC. unfairD. unnecessary57. The word "segregation" ( Paragraphs 3 and 4) most probablymeans______A. povertyB. separationC. inequalityD. actionPassage 6In January 1985, when the Siena city council passed Regulation 375, a by-law which does not permit the use of private motor vehicles from the historic centre of this beautiful Tascan city, public opinion was extremely divided .The new by-law was greeted enthusiastically by a number of interest groups. Environmentalists, worried about the polluting effects of cars ; lovers of the city's medieval and Renaissance architecture, angered by the constant damage done to thepriceless monuments of the centre; and ordinary people, tired of the noise and danger caused by cars andmotorL7ikes dashing through the narrow lanes, all rejoiced.Not everyone was so happy, however. Shopkeepers were convinced that their trade would suffer. Fewer people would come into the centre, they believed, if they had to rely on public transport. They argued that deliveries would be more difficult and that the city would lose its character and become a museumwithout a heart.In response to the shopkeepers' concerns, The Siena Chamber of Commerce organized a protest demonstration. The local newspaper( part-owned by a large department store in the centre of the city)carried articles criticizing the decision while some people wrote to the city council, asking it to change its decision. Candidates standing for the elections to the city council which were to be held in December 1985 focused on a single issue: to change or maintain Regulation 375 .The elections were won by the Social Democrats, a party which had run Its election campaign largely on the issue of themaintenance of the new by-law. The law stayed in force and the use of the motor car and motor-bike was not to return to the citycentre.A survey carried out in 1987 showed that traders' earnings in the historic centre of Siena had increased by 15 percent in real terms since the new law had come into force. The local paper, which had been so hostile to Regulation 375, now proudly boasts that the centre of Siena has the safest, cleanest and quietest streets in Italy. Why, they asked in a recent newspaper article, don't the backward citizens of Rome and Florence pass the sameenlightened laws?58 . The ordinary people supported the law because ______.A. the air would be cleanB. they would be saferC. they liked thc beauty of the old architectureD. they would like to shop elsewhere59. Regulation 375 _________.A. affected the shopkeeper's businesses badlyB. was suspended at lastC. happened to have a favorable effect on the businessesD. came into Force finally in 198760. The local newspaper __________.A. felt proud that its resist3nce was successfulB. was glad to see the failure of the lawC. began, in its turn, to criticize other cities for not making similarlawsD. began to criticize the former opponents of the law61 . By saying that the city would "become a museum without aheart" ( Paragraph 3) thee opponents really meant that________A. businesses would lose a lot of moneyB. transport would not come to the city centreC. the city centre would be desertedD. the city centre would lose its life forcePassage 7The Yucatan Peninsula is the land of the Mayan Indians. This civilization invented writing chat is still unknown. They developed the arithmetic concept of zero years before Europe acquired it from the Orient, and they knew the accurate length of a year.Their earliest cities were carved from the rain forests of Guatemala. Scholars are still puzzled over the circumstances that led the Mayans to abandon cities and buildings throughout the centuries. The last great cities, built between 900 and 1200 A.D.were in northern Yucatan near Merida.The great Mayan civilization came to an end at Chichen -Itza, which is just seventy-five miles from Merida. Chichen-Itza was founded about 435 A. D. and abandoned several times before the Toltecs conquered it in the 10th century. An interesting Mayan structure is the Temple of the .Tiger. Nearby is a ball court, used for a game resembling soccer. To lose was fatal: the losing captain was beheaded anti his wife was taken as secondary wife by the victor. There are also astronomical observatory called Temple of the Warriors and the sacred wall, where cross-eyed girls were tossed as a sacrifice to the rain god.62. The great Mayan civilization finished _________.A. in the OrientB. in MeridaC. in the forests of GuatemalaD. at Chichen-Icza63. The fate of many Mayan women who were cross-eyed Wasthat __________.A. they were buried aliveB. their heads were cut offC. they were used as human sacrificesD. they were given as prizes in atheletic competition64. The last great cities of the Mayans were built _______.A. between 200 and 600 A. D.B. between 900 and 1200 A. D.C. between 435 and 800 A.D.D. between 1300 and 1800 A. D.65. Which of the following accomplishments is not credited to theMayans?A. The development of the concept of zero.B. A system of writing that is still undecoded.C. The ability of tracing the movement of the sun and the planets.D. The knowledge of the length of a year.Part IV Cloze TestThe world is very different now. For man holds in his (66) hands the power to abolish all forms of firms of human poverty and all forms of human life. And yet the same revolutionary beliefs (67)which our forebears fought are still (68) issue around the globe -----the (69)the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state, but from the hand of God .We dare not forget today that we are the (70)of that first revolution. Let the word go (71)from this time and place, tofriend and foe(72), that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans-born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage-and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights (73) which this nation has always beencommitted .Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill that we shall pay any price, (74)any burden, meet any hardship, support an friend, oppose any foe, in order to assure the survival and thesuccess of liberty.To chose old 311ies (75)cultural and spiritual origins we share. we pledge the loyalty of faithful friends. United, there is (76)we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. (77)there is little we can do-for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds andsplit (78) .To those new states whom we welcome to the ranks of the free, we pledge our word that one form of colonial control shall not have passed away merely to be (79)by a far greater iron tyranny. We shall not always expect to find them supporting their ownfreedom and to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly, sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended (80)inside.To those peoples in the huts and villages across the globe struggling to break the bonds of mass misery, we Pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves, for (81)period is required not because the Communists may be doing it, not because we seek their votes, but because it is right.Let all our neighbors know that we shall join with them to (82)aggression or subversion anywhere in the Americas. And let every other power know that this oppose hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.To our sister republics south of our border, we offer a special pledge---to convert our good words into good deeds, in a new alliance for progress, to assist free man and free governments in casting (83)the chains of poverty.To that world assembly of sovereign states, the United Nations, our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have (84)outpaced the instruments of peace, we renew our pledge of。
