管理学原理第三章练习题及答案

Chapter Three: Foundations of PlanningMultiple Choice Questions1.Which of the following is not included in the definition of planning?a.Define the organization’s objectives or goals.b.Establish an overall strategy for achieving these objectives or goals.c.Allocate resources and develop a chain of communication.d.Develop a hierarchy of plans to integrate and coordinate activities.2.Which of the following is an argument against formal planning?a.Planning focuses on the future.b.Planning may create rigidity.c.Planning replaces creativity.d.Planning ignores prior successes.3.Which of following is not one of the reasons why managers should engage in planning as that was stated in the text?a. Planning reduces cost.b. Planning minimizes waste and redundancy.c. Planning provides direction.d. Planning facilitates control.4.Plans that determine specific details about organizational objectives that are to be achieved are calleda. strategic plans.b. tactical plans.c. long-term plans.d. detailed plans.5.Successful plans may providea.a false sense of security.b.only success.c.increased awareness of the environment.d.increased awareness of change.6.Which of the following statements is MOST accurate?a.Many studies confirm the positive relationship between planning and performance.b.All organizations that plan extensively outperform those that plan less formally.c.All organizations that plan outperform those that do not.d.Many studies confirm that planning does not lead to greater performance because labor unions are weak.7._____ plans are differentiated by their breadth.a.Directional and specificb.Single use and standingc.Strategic and tacticald.Long-term and short-term8.Which of the following is not a popular way to describe plans?a.breadthb.time framec.specificityd.length9.Tactical and strategic plans differ in all of the following ways exceptChapter 3 – Foundations of Planning

1a.time frame.b.scope.c.known set of organizational objectives.d.environmental effects.10.The greater the uncertainty, the more plans should be of the _____ variety.a.long-termb.short-termc.intermediate in lengthd.rigid11.When uncertainty is high and management must maintain flexibility, which of the following types of plans are preferable?a.long-term plansb.no plansc.directional plansd.specific plans12.Which type of plan is used to meet a particular or unique situation?a.tactical planb.operational planc.single-use pland.standing plan13.Which of the following is not a step in objective setting?a.Specify deadlines.b.Allow the employee to actively participate.c.Link rewards to effort.d.Prioritize goals.14.Each MBO objective must havea.a percentage change specified.b.a concise time period.c.a reference to quality.d.a specified dollar amount.15.MBO advocates participative goal setting. Research comparing participative set and assigned goals on performancea.shows consistently higher performance with participatively set goals.b.shows consistently lower performance with participatively set goals.c.has not shown any strong or consistent relationships.d.has been biased by the researchers.16.Which of the following is not an ingredient in MBO programs?a.goal specificityb.participative decision makingc.performance feedbackd.general time period17.According to the philosophy of MBO,a.Feedback occurs at the annual performance review b.Goals follow a top-down approachc.Goals typically are broad, general statements of intentd.Constant feedback is provided18.MBO assists in answering "What's in it for me as an employee" bya.Linking rewards to goal attainmentb.Identifying employees' key job tasksc.Allowing employees to participate actively Part II - Planning

2d.Prioritizing goals 19.Managers can overcome the criticisms of management by objectives bya.ensuring that employees have multiple goals.b.treating MBO as a single-event activity.c.punishing employees who fail to achieve goals.d.rewarding employees for setting easy goals.20.Which of the following is not a component of the MBO process? a. Objectives are determined jointly by subordinates and supervisorb. Progress towards objectives is reviewed every three months.c. Employees are given ratings based on reaching specific targetsd. Rewards are based on progress towards achieving objectives.21.Which of the following is a nine-step process that involves strategic planning, implementation, and evaluation?a.decision-making processb.strategic management processc.tactical management processd.long-range planning process22.In environmental SWOT analysis, the external organizational position is analyzed according to itsa. strengths and weaknesses.b. opportunities and weaknesses.c. strengths and threats.d. opportunities and threats.23.The starting point in strategic management process is usuallya. analyzing current mission, strategies and objectives.b. identifying opportunities and threats.c. conducting an environmental scan.d. identifying opportunities and weaknesses. 24.After analyzing and learning about the environment, management needs to evaluate opportunities and threats. Opportunities area.internal resources.b.unmet needs.c.positive external environmental factors.d.internal competitive strategies.25.Which of the following is NOT a grand strategy that an organization can use for defining its all-encompassing focus? a.Stability strategy b.Market gain strategyc.Growth strategyd.Combination strategy26.Tim's Company is analyzing the technology that allows it to produce wireless communication equipment for less money. This technological breakthrough for Tim's Company is which of the following?a.strengthb.weaknessc.opportunityd.threat27.SWOT analysisa.Matches the organization's competencies with its environmental forces b.Sometimes involves industrial espionage tactics