2018年秋季学期《大学英语4》在线考试(适用于2018年12月份考试)-0004

川大《大学英语(四)0004》18春在线作业21、D2、C3、C4、A5、D一、单选题共40题，80分1、Regardless of how hard she tried, Jennie couldn’t figure out what her boyfriend thought. A珍妮努力的想都想不出她的男朋友在想什么。

B珍妮想的多么努力啊，但是还是揣摩不透她的男朋友是如何想的。

C尽管珍妮很努力，但是还是不明白她的男朋友在想什么。

D不管珍妮如何努力，都揣摩不透她的男朋友是如何想的。

正确答案是：D2、— Do you prefer tea or coffee? — _______AMilk.BYes, I like tea.CCoffee, please.DNone.正确答案是：C3、When Susan and I _______ on an article for the school newspaper, we found it difficult to work together.AcompiledBgatheredCcollaboratedDjoined正确答案是：C4、There ________ a book and some magazines on the desk. AisBareChaveDhas正确答案是：A5、— Do you think I could borrow these magazines? — _______ ANo, you can’t.BYou could borrow other magazines.CThe magazines aren’t here now.DI’m sorry, but the magazines you want are out.正确答案是：D6、— Have you got a table for four, waiter? — _______ AWelcome to our restaurant.BYes, sure. This way, please.CWe have looked the seats.DHere are the menus.正确答案是：B7、It was on the beach ____Miss White found the kid lying dead. AthatBthisCitDwhich正确答案是：A8、The publisher and the author _______ made an agreement. AisBhasCareDhave正确答案是：D9、Physics _______ always my strong point.AisBareCbeingDto be10、Peter will _______ as managing director when Bill retires.Atake offBtake overCtake onDtake in正确答案是：B11、He put forward a theory, _______ of great importance to the progress of science of technology.AI think which isBwhich I think isCwhich is I thinkDI think it is正确答案是：B12、— Hi, I'm glad to see you. — _______AThank youBMe, tooCMy name is MaryDI'm glad to hear that13、—I didn't know my identity card（身份证）was needed, sir.—______AThat's sorry.BI don't believe you.CSorry, but that's no excuse.DYou can't say that.正确答案是：C14、His answer is not correct, and _______.Aneither am IBeither is mineCneither is mineDmine is neither正确答案是：C15、We consider _______ the instrument be adjusted each time it is used. Athat it necessaryBit necessary thatCnecessary thatDnecessary of it that正确答案是：B16、The shops offer almost everything _______ ranges from cheap to expensive.AthatBwhichCwhatDIt正确答案是：A17、We moved to the front row ______ we could hear and see better.Aso asBso thatCbecauseDsuch that正确答案是：B18、The young lady coming over to us _______ our English teacher; the way she walks tells us that!Amust beBcan beCwould beDcould be正确答案是：A19、Only after I had reached the supermarket _______ that I had forgotten to take my purse with me.AI had realizedBI realizedCI have realizedDdid I realize正确答案是：D20、— I think he is a good lecturer. — _______ASorry, it doesn't matter.BSo do I.CYes. It's a good idea.DI don't mind.正确答案是：B21、—Hello! Can I get a seat on the 8 pm flight to Detroit?—_______.AHello! International AirlineBYou'd better look up the schedule firstCI'm sorry, but it's completely bookedDI'm afraid you have to change正确答案是：C22、Down the entrance hall of the school walk four eighth-grade students. Each one is carrying a small basket with a single egg inside. Soon more students join them-each one of them is also carrying a basket with an egg. The eggs in a basket are part of a new school program that helps young people understand that having a baby is a great duty.At the beginning of the program, the teacher puts the students in pairs-one girl and one boy. Each pair gets an egg, which they must take care of for two weeks. For those fourteen days, the students have to take care of the eggs as though they were real babies. Students whose eggs get broken have to start the two weeks all over again with a new egg.One person in each pair must have the egg with him or her at all times-twenty-four hours a day. At no time can they let the egg be out of sight. "If a teacher catches you without your egg," said one student, "she makes you go get it. They are really strict." The teachers also make the students spend half an hour each day sitting with the egg and just watching it. That can get pretty boring. But it's also something that parents spend a lot of time doing.Children say that the program has helped them understand the duties involved inhaving a child. "It was really hard," said one student, "You had to think all the time about the egg."(5)、From the last paragraph, we can infer that ______.Aa program is the only way to educate childrenBone has to think about a program all the timeConly one child grasps the purpose of the programDthe program is of help to children's understanding of parents正确答案是：D23、Mr. Liu, _______ at university in Changchun, works at Changhou Company now. Awhose wife I metBI met whose wifeCI met his wifeDhis wife I met正确答案是：A24、— How much is this necklace? — _______AIt's very nice.BIt's a birthday present from my parents.CIt costs fifty pounds.DIt's a bargain.正确答案是：C25、— Let's go to the library this afternoon. — _______AYes, that's right.BNo. I can't.CWhat about you?DThat's a good idea.正确答案是：D26、—Didn’t they come to the party last week? —Yes. They didn’t want to come with us at first, but then we _______ persuade them.AwouldBcouldCwere able toDhad to正确答案是：C27、Peter, whom everyone suspected, _______ to be innocent.Aturned outBturned offCturned upDturned over正确答案是：A28、—Oh dear! I've just broken a window.—_______! It can't be helped.AGreatBNever mindCThat's fineDNot at all正确答案是：B29、_______ they met each other and became good friends. AIt was in the countryside whereBBeing in the countrysideCIt was in the countrysidewhenDIt was in the countryside that正确答案是：D30、—I'd like to book a room, please.—_______ASingle or double?BGood or bad?CWhich room?DWe don't have books here.正确答案是：A31、It’s already 5 o’clock. Don’t you think it’s about time _______?Awe are going homeBwe go homeCwe went homeDwe can go home正确答案是：C32、— Hello, I would like to open an account. — _______AWhich account do you want to see?BHave you make up your mind?CWhat kind of account do you have in mind?DYou’re welcome.正确答案是：C33、She knew that society would _______ her for abandoning her children. AdiscussBblameCsayDcondemn正确答案是：D34、I won’t make the _______ mistake next time.AlikeBsameCnearDsimilar正确答案是：B35、Our child's behavior is greatly influenced by the way we react to what he has done. Our reactions help to determine whether our child will repeat his behavior or whether he will do something different. This statement is a very important part of a principle of behavioral psychology.The principle states that a behavior is influenced or affected by how the environment ---- people, places and things ---- immediately responds to the behavior. Perhaps without realizing it, you have used this principle many times.On the occasion when you told your child what a good boy he was after he cleaned up his room, you used the principle. When you sent your child to his room for fighting with his brother, you used the principle. When I gave Kim a cookie after she started to cry, I used the principle. In each of these examples, a particular behavior occurred first ----cleaning up a room, fighting, and crying.In addition, there was a reaction to each behavior ---- the child was praised, sent to his room, or given a cookie. By these actions, we have influenced the previous behaviors and have helped to determine whether those behaviors will occur again in the future.(2) On what kind of principle is the lecture based?AA principle in chemistry.BA principle in behavioral psychology.CA principle in physics.DA principle in geology.正确答案是：B36、— _______ —Yes, I’ll be happy to cash it for you.ADo you need any cash?BAre you happy with the cash?CAre you happy to cash it for me?DMay I cash a traveler’s check here?正确答案是：D37、—Bring me the bill, please.— _______AYou are welcome.BPlease wait for a moment, sir.CI'll hurry up.DBe quick正确答案是：B38、We go to the cinema ______ a week.AoftenBonceCseldomDusually正确答案是：B39、If you _______ me, I shall be very grateful to you.Amust helpBwill helpCmay helpDneed help正确答案是：B40、Unemployment is not the _______— the real problem is the decline in public morality. AtroubleBmatterCissueDthing正确答案是：C二、判断题共5题，20分1、All over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help to keep people healthy, happy and help them to live longer.Sports change with the season. People play different games in winter and summer.Games and sports often grow out of people's work and everyday activities. The Arabs use horses or camels in much of their everyday life; they use them in their sports, too.Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere go in for them. Football, for example, has spread around the world. Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers.Some sports or games go back to thousands of years ago, like running or jumping. Chinese boxing, for example, has a very long history. But basketball and volleyball are rather new. Neither one is a hundred years old yet. People are inventing new sports or games all the time.People from different countries may not be able to understand each other, but aftera game they often become good friends. Sports help to train a person's character. One learns to fight hard but fight fair, to win without pride and to lose with grace.(4)、From this passage we can see that according to the author sports and games are significant to our life in many respects.A错误B正确正确答案是：B2、Albert Einstein had a great effect on science and history, greater than what only a few other men have achieved. An American university president once commented that Einstein had created a new outlook, a new view of the universe. It may be some time before the average mind understands fully the identity of time and space and so on-but even ordinary men understand now that the universe is something larger than ever thought before.By 1914 the young Einstein had gained world fame. He accepted the offer to become a professor at the Prussian Academy of Science in Berlin. He had few duties, little teaching and unlimited opportunities for study, but soon his peace and quiet were broken by the First World War.Einstein hated violence. The misery of war affected him deeply, and he sat unhappily in his office doing little. He lost interest in his research. Only when peace came in 1918 was he able to get back to work.In the years following World War I honors were increasingly heaped on him. He became the head of the Kaiser Whihem Institute of Theoretical Physics. In 1921 he won the Noble Prize, and he was honored in Germany until the rise of Nazism when he was driven from Germany because he was a Jew.(1)、The main idea of Paragraph 1 is the change in human thought produced by Einstein. A错误B正确正确答案是：B3、In 1920, barely out of his teens, Alfred Hitchcock went to work for an American film company which had opened a studio in Islington, London. His first job at the studio was writing captions （脚本）for silent movies. Within two years, he was writing scripts（剧本）and working as an assistant director.For the rest of the 1920s, Hitchcock worked on one film after another in Britain and Germany. Filming was often a rough-and-ready（匆忙做成的）affair and the assistant director was required to step in and plug gaps. A cameraman went missing, Hitchcock became a cameraman. A scene needed rewriting, Hitchcock rewrote it. Someone needed to be in charge of money when the film crew was on location, Hitchcock looked after the money.At the same time, this being the era of silent movies, Hitchcock was learning the language of cinema: telling a story－not through dialogue, but through visual images（视觉影象）. This led to his success later.When he began to direct his own films, first in Britain and later in Hollywood, he was determined to make films that held the audience's attention and kept tension（紧张感）. He succeeded. Hitchcock's ability to put you on the edge of your seat makes him one of the greatest makers of suspense（悬念）movies.(5)、He had taken up different jobs before he succeeded.A错误B正确正确答案是：B4、In 1920, barely out of his teens, Alfred Hitchcock went to work for an American film company which had opened a studio in Islington, London. His first job at the studio was writing captions （脚本）for silent movies. Within two years, he was writing scripts （剧本）and working as an assistant director.For the rest of the 1920s, Hitchcock worked on one film after another in Britain and Germany. Filming was often a rough-and-ready（匆忙做成的）affair and the assistant director was required to step in and plug gaps. A cameraman went missing, Hitchcock became a cameraman. A scene needed rewriting, Hitchcock rewrote it. Someone needed to be in charge of money when the film crew was on location, Hitchcock looked after the money.At the same time, this being the era of silent movies, Hitchcock was learning thelanguage of cinema: telling a story－not through dialogue, but through visual images（视觉影象）. This led to his success later.When he began to direct his own films, first in Britain and later in Hollywood, he was determined to make films that held the audience's attention and kept tension（紧张感）. He succeeded. Hitchcock's ability to put you on the edge of your seat makes him one of the greatest makers of suspense（悬念）movies.(3)、Telling a story through dialogue prepared Hitchcock for his success later.A错误B正确正确答案是：A5、Until 1983, Tillson Lake had been a lovely weekend and vacation place for many families. Then everything changed. During the Fourth of July weekend, residents woke up one morning to find that the lake had disappeared.Some people didn't believe what they were seeing. They looked again, but to their amazement they found they had been right the first time. The lake was simply no longer there. In its place was a big muddy hole, 30 feet deep. It was as if the lake had been a giant bathtub and someone had pulled the plug.The lake's owner, Joseph Unanue, did indeed pull the plug. That's exactly what happened. The dam that held back the water to form the lake was falling apart, sogovernment officials ordered him to repair it. They issued him a permit to lower the dam level "five feet or more."He did much more. Mr. Unanue found repairs to the dam would cost $100,000. He didn't want to spend that much, so he opened the dam and lowered the water level until the lake was completely emptied. People living above the dam ended up with no lake. People living below the dam ended up with tons of mud and lots of dead fish. Everyone involved was angry with Mr. Unanue.Area residents believed Mr. Unanue acted out of spite（恶意）. They said he wanted to get back at them because the town wouldn't let him develop an amusement park on the lakeshore. When he couldn't build his park, he just went away and took his lake with him.(2)、The lake was compared to a bathtub because it could be emptied out.A错误B正确正确答案是：B。

2018 年12 月大学英语四级考试真题完整版（含答案解析）Part I Writing (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of studying abroad. You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) A man was pulled to safety after a building collapse.B) A beam about ten feet long collapsed to the ground.C) A rescue worker got trapped in the basement.D) A deserted 100-year-old building caught fire.2. A) He suffered a fatal injury in an accident.B) He once served in a fire department.C) He was collecting building materials.D) He moved into his neighbor ’ s old house.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) Improve the maths skills of high school teachers.B) Change British people ’ s negative view of maths.C) Help British people understand their paychecks.D) Launch a campaign to promote maths teaching.4. A) Children take maths courses at an earlier age.B) The public sees the value of maths in their life.C) British people know how to do elementary calculations.D) Primary school teachers understand basic maths concepts.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) He owns a fleet of aircraft.B) He is learning to be a pilot.C) He regards his royal duties as a burden.D) He held a part-time job for over 20 years.6. A) He can demonstrate his superior piloting skills.B) He can change his focus of attention and relax.C) He can show his difference from other royalty.D) He can come into closer contact with his people.7. A) They enjoyed his company.B) They liked him in his uniform.C) They rarely recognised him.D) They were surprised to see him.Section BDirections：In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, youwill hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) They were skilled carpenters themselves.B) It didn ’t nee u d ch m capital to start with.C) Wood supply was plentiful in Romania.D) They saw a business opportunity there.9. A) Provide quality furniture at affordable prices.B) Attract foreign investment to expand business.C) Enlarge their company by hiring more workers.D) Open some more branch companies in Germany.10. A) They are from her hometown.B) They are imported from Germany.C) They all come from Romania.D) They come from all over the continent.11. A) All across Europe. B) Throughout the world.C) Mostly in Bucharest. D) In Romania only.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Go to a concert with him and his girlfriend.B) Try out a new restaurant together in town.C) Go with him to choose a pearl for Susan.D) Attend the opening of a local restaurant.13. A) It is sponsored by local restaurants.B) It specializes in food advertizing.C) It is especially popular with the young.D) It provides information on local events.14. A) They design a special set of menus for themselves.B) They treat themselves to various entertainments.C) They go to eat at different stylish restaurants.D) They participate in a variety of social events.15. A) More restaurants will join Restaurant Week.B) This year ’s Restaurant W w ee i lk l start soon.C) Bigger discounts will be offered this Restaurant Week.D) More types of food will be served this Restaurant Week.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C), D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) Rewarding them for eating vegetables.B) Exposing them to vegetables repeatedly.C) Improving the taste of vegetable dishes for them.D) Explaining the benefits of eating vegetables to them.17. A) They were disliked most by children.B) They were considered most nutritious.C) They were least used in Belgian cooking.D) They were essential to children ’ s health.18. A) Vegetables differ in their nutritional value.B) Children ’ s eating habits can be changed.C) Parents watch closely what children eat.D) Children ’ s choices of food vary greatly.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) Space exploration has serous consequences.B) India has many space exploration programs.C) There is quite a lot to learn about the moon.D) A lot of garbage has been left on the moon.20. A) It is costly to bring back. B) It is risky to destroy.C) It is of no use on Earth. D) It is damaged by radiation.21. A) Record details of space exploration.B) Monitor the change of lunar weather.C) Study the effect of radiation and vacuum on its materials.D) Explore the possibility of human settlement on the moon.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) It is likely to remain a means of business communication.B) It is likely to be a competitor of various messaging apps.C) It will gradually be replaced by social media.D) It will have to be governed by specific rules.23. A) Save the message in their file.B) Make a timely response.C) Examine the information carefully.D) See is any action needs to be taken.24. A) It is to be passed on. B) It is mostly junk.C) It requires no reply. D) It causes no concern.25. A) Make it as short as possible.B) Use simple and clear language.C) Adopt an informal style of writing.D) Avoid using capitals for emphasis.Part ⅢReading Comprehension ( 40 minutes )Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Have you ever used email to apologize to a colleague? Delivered a 26 to a subordinate ( 下属)with a voice-mail message? Flown by plane across the country just to deliver important news in person? The various communication options at our fingertips today can be good for 27 and productivity —and at the same time very troublesome. With so many ways to communicate, how should a manager choose the one that's best —28 when the message to be delivered is bad or unwelcomenews for the recipient? We've 29 business communication consultants and etiquette ( 礼仪)experts to come up with the following guidelines for 30 using the alternative ways of delivering difficult messages.First of all, choose how personal you want to be. A face-to-face communication is the most 31 . Other choices, in descending order of personalization, are: a real-time phone call, a voice-mail message, a handwritten note, a typewritten letter, and the most 32 is email. Some of these may change order according to the 33 situation or your own preferences; for example, a handwritten note might seem more personal than voice-mail. How do you decide on the best choice for the difficult message you've got to deliver? “My 34 concern is: How can I soften or civilize this message?”says etiquette expert Dana Casperson. “ Sowhen I apologize, I usually choose in -person first, or a phone conversation as my top alternative, and maybe a handwritten note next. Apologizing by email is something I now totally 35 . ”A) avoidI) rewardB) convenience J) silentC) effectivelyD) escapeK) specificE) intimate L) surveyedF) particularly M) unfriendlyG) primary N) warningH) prompt O) witnessedSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which theinformation is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with aletter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How a Poor, Abandoned Parisian Boy Became a Top ChefA) The busy streets in Paris were uneven and caked in thick mud, but there was always a breathtaking sight to see in the shop windows of Patisserie de la Rue de la Paix. By 1814, people crowdedoutside the bakery, straining for a glimpse of the latest sweet food created by the young chef who worked inside.B) H is name was Marie-Antoine Car me,êand he had appeared, one day, almost out of nowhere. Butin his short lifetime, which ended exactly 184 years ago today, he would forever revolutionize Frenchgourmet food （美食）, write best-selling cook books and think up magical dishes for royals and otherimportant people.C) C ar ême's childhood was one part tragedy, equal part mystery. Born the 16th child to poorparents in Paris in either 1783 or 1784, a young Car me was sudêdenly abandoned at the height of theFrench Revolution. At 8 years old, he worked as a kitchen boy for a restaurant in Paris in exchange forroom and board. By age 15, he had become an apprentice （学徒）to Sylvain Bailly, a well-knowndessert chef with a successful bakery in one of Paris's most fashionable neighborhoods.D) C ar ême was quick at learning in the kitchen. Bailly encouraged his young apprentice to learn toread and write. Car meêwould often spend his free afternoons at the nearby National Library readingbooks on art and architecture. In the back room of the little bakery, his interest in design and his bakingtalent combined to work wonders —he shaped delicious masterpieces out of flour, butter and sugar.E) I n his teenage years, Car ême fashioned eatable copies of the late 18th century's most famous buildings—cookies in the shape of ruins of ancient Athens and pies in the shape of ancient Chinese palaces and temples. Sylvain Bailly, his master, displayed these luxuriant creations —often as large as 4feet tall —in his bakery windows.F) C ar ême's creations soon captured the discriminating eye of a French diplomat, Charles Mauricede Talleyrand-P riégord. Around 1804, Talleyrand challenged Car ême to produce a full menu for his personal castle, instructing the young baker to use local, seasonal fruits and vegetables and to avoidrepeating main dishes over the course of an entire year. The experiment was a grand successandTalleyrand's association with French nobility would prove a profitable connection for Car me. êG) French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte was known to be unimpressed by the declining taste ofearly 18th century cooking, but under pressure to entertain Paris's high society, he too called Car me tohis kitchen at Tuileries Palace. In 1810, Car ême designed the extraordinary cake for the wedding of Napoleon and his second bride, Marie-Louise of Austria. He became one of the first modern chefs tofocus on the appearance of his table, not just the flavor of his dishes. “ Iwant order and taste. A5 / 19well- displayed meal is enhanced one hundred percent in my eyes, ”he later wrote in one of his cookbooks.H) I n 1816, Car ême began a culinary (烹饪的) journey which would forever mark his place ashistory's first top chef. He voyaged to England to cook in the modern Great Kitchen of the prince regent(摄政王)，George Ⅳ, and crossed continents to prepare grand banquets for the tables of Tsar AlexanderⅠ of Russia. Never afraid to talk up his own accomplishments, a boastful Car ême made a fortune aswealthy families with social ambitions invited him to their kitchens. Later, in his cook books, he wouldoften include a sketch of himself, so that people on the street would be able to recognize—andadmire —h im.I) C ar ême's cooking displays became the symbol of fine French dining; they were plentiful, beautifuland imposing. Guests would fall silent in wonder as servants carried Car me's fancy creaêtions into thedining hall. For a banquet celebrating the Grand Duke Nicholas of Russia's visit to George Ⅳ 's BrightonPavillion on Jan. 18, 1817, the menu featured 120 different dishes, highlighting eight different soups, 40main courses, and 32 desserts.J) A s he traveled through the homes of early 19th century nobility, Car meêforged the new art ofFrench gourmet food. Locked in hot kitchens, Car êmecreated his four “mother sauces. ”Thesesauces—béchamel, velout ,éespagnole and allemande—formed the central building blocks for manyFrench main courses. He also perfected the souffl —éa baked egg dish, and introduced the standardchef's uniform —the same double-breasted white coat and tall white hat still worn by many chefs today.The white clothing conveyed an image of cleanliness, according to Car ême—and in his realm,appearance was everything.K) B etween meals, Car mêe wrote cook books that would be used in European kitchens for the nextcentury. His manuals including The Royal Parisian Baker and the massive five-volume Art of FrenchCooking Series (1833-1847, completed after his death) first systematized many basic principles of cooking,complete with drawings and step-by-step directions. Long before television cooking shows, Car êmewalked readers through common kitchen tasks, instructing them to “trythis for yourself, athome” as famous American Chef Julia Child might do, many years later.L）In the end, however ，it was the kitchen that did Car me in. Dêecades of working over coal fires intight, closed spaces with little fresh air (to ensure his dishes would not get cold) had fatally damaged hislungs. On Jan. 12, 1833, Car me dieêd just before he turned 50.M ）But in his lifetime, Car me, evêe r confident, could see beyond his short domination in the kitchen.He wanted to “ sethe standard for beauty in classical and modern cooking, and prove to the distantfuture that the French chefs of the 19th century were the most famous in the world, ” as he wrote papers.N）Decades later, chef Auguste Escoffier would build upon Car me's conceptêof French cuisine （烹饪）. But in the very beginning, there was just Car me, the toêp chef who elevated dining into art.36. Car37. Car mêe was among the first chefs who stressed both the appearance and flavor of dishes.mêe wanted to show to later generations that French chefs of his time were most outstanding6 / 19in the world.38. Car39. Car40. Car mêe benefited greatly from serving a French diplomat and his connections. mêe learned his trade from a famous dessert chef in Paris.mêe's creative works were exhibited in the shop windows by his master.41. Car ême's knowledge of art and architecture helped him create extraordinary desserts out ofordinary ingredients.42. Many people in Paris were eager to have a look at the latest sweet food made by Car me. ê43. Car44. Car45. Car mêe became extremely wealthy by cooking for rich and socially ambitious families. mêe's writings dealt with fundamental cooking principles in a systematic way.mêe's contribution to French cooking was revolutionary.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You shoulddecide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throughthe centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.Roughly the size of a soda can, sitting on a bookshelf, a relatively harmless gadget may be turningfriends away from your home. The elephant in your living room is your Internet-connected securitycamera, a device people are increasingly using for peace of mind in their homes. But few stop to thinkabout the effect these devices may have on house guests. Should you tell your friends, for instance, thatthey're being recorded while you all watch the big game together?“It'scertainly new territory, especially as home security cameras become easier to install, s”a ysLizzie Post, president of the Emily Post Institute, America's foremost manners advisors. “I think it willbe very interesting to see what etiquette （礼仪）emerges in terms of whether you tell people you have acamera or not, and whether guests have a right to ask that it be turned off, if it's not a security issue.Post wants to make clear that she's not talking about legal rights, but rather personal preferenc.She also wants to explain that there are no right or wrong answers regarding manners on this front yet,because the technology is just now becoming mainstream. Besides, the Emily Post Institute doesn'tdictate manners.When it comes to security cameras, Post says it's a host's responsibility to make sure guests feelcomfortable within their home. “ I'm always a fan of being open and honest. ” For instance, if the ho casually acknowledges that there is a camera in the room by telling a story about it, that may be enoughto provide an opening for a guest to say if they are uncomfortable.However, if a contractor is working in your home, you don't need to tell them that there are cameraswatching. Then again, the air of accountability that the camera generates can also work in contractors'favor. “ If anything does go wrong while they're in the house, they don't want to be blamed for it,says. “In fact, the camera could be th t e hing that proves that they didn't steal the $20, or knock the vaseoff the table. ”46. F or what reason may your friends feel reluctant to visit your home?A) The security camera installed may intrude into their privacy.B) They don ’t want their photos to e c b irculated on the Internet.7 / 19C) The security camera may turn out to be harmful to their health.D) They may not be willing to interact with your family members.47.What does Lizzie Post say is new territory?A) The effect of manners advice on the public.B) Cost of applying new technologies at home.C) The increasing use of home security devices.D) Etiquette around home security cameras.48. What is Lizzie Post mainly discussing with regard to the use of home security cameras?A) Legal rights. C) Likes and dislikes of individuals.B) M oral issues D) The possible impact on manners.49. What is a host ’ s responsibility regarding security cameras, according to Lizzie Post?A) Making their guests feel at ease.B) Indicating where they are.C) Turning them off in time.D) Ensuring their guests ’privacy.50. In what way can the home security camera benefit visitors to your home?A) It can satisfy their curiosity.B) It can prove their innocence.C) It can help them learn new technology.D) It can make their visit more enjoyable.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.PepsiCo is to spend billions of dollars to develop drinks and snacks and reformulate existing oneswith lower sugar, salt and fat, as consumers demand healthier options and regulatory pressure intensifiesamid an obesity epidemic （流行病）.The maker of Mountain Dew and Gatorade has been one of the earlier movers in the industry tooffer products with reduced levels of unhealthy ingredients —PepsiCo claims a packet of its chips nowcontains less salt than a slice of white bread. However, its new 10-year plan makes clear it believes it stillhas a long way to go.Shifting eating habits, including a sharp drop in consumption of sparkling drinks, have forcedradical change on the industry. But those shifts have yet to be reflected in record obesity levels, whichstand at 36.5% overall in the US.Indra Nooyi, PepsiCo chairman, said the plan to make its products healthier was important for thecompany's growth. But on the subject of obesity, she pointed out that consumers ’lifestyles have changed significantly, with many people being more sedentary （久坐不动的）not least because more time isspent in front of computers. She said PepsiCo's contribution was to produce healthier snacks that stilltasted good.“ Society has to change its habits, ”she added. “ We can't do much to alter sedentary lifestyles, but can provide consumers with great-tasting products, low in salt, sugar and fat. In the past we had to havea taste trade-off. But we're breaking that trade- off. ”PepsiCo's plan for its foods and drinks is based on guidelines from the World Health Organisation, which last week backed using taxes on sparkling drinks to reduce sugar consumption. Initiatives also include efforts to reduce its environmental impact, water consumption and materials used in packaging by 2025.PepsiCo did not say exactly how much it planned to invest to reach its goals. However, Dr Mehmood Khan, chief scientific officer, said the company had doubled research and development spending in the past five years and was “committed to sustaining investment ”ad, d ing that companies cannot cost-cut their way to increasing sales. PepsiCo's research and development budget in 2015 was $754 million.51. W hy is PepsiCo making a policy change?A) To win support from the federal government.B) To be more competitive in the global market.C) To satisfy the growing needs for healthy foods.D) To invest more wisely in the soft drink industry.52. What does PepsiCo think it will have to do in the future?A) Invest more to develop new snacks.B) Reduce levels of obesity in the US.C) Change consumers ’ eating habits.D) Keep on improving its products.53. Why does PepsiCo plan to alter its products, according to Indra Nooyi?A) To ensure the company’ s future development.B) To adapt to its customers ’ changed taste.C) To help improve its consumers ’lifestyles.D) To break the trade-off in its product design.54. What does Indra Nooyi say about the obesity epidemic?A) It is mainly caused by overconsumption of snacks.B) It results from high sugar and salt consumption.C) It is attributable to people ’ s changed lifestyles.D) It has a lot to do with longer working hours.55. What has PepsiCo been doing to achieve its objective?A) Studying WHO ’s guidelines. B) Increasing its research funding.C) Expanding its market overseas. D) Cutting its production costs.Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.越来越多的中国人现在的确离不开手机了。

Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of living in a big city. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) Land a space vehicle on the moon in 2019.B) Design a new generation of mobile phones.C) Set up a mobile phone network on the moon.D)Gather data from the moon with a tiny device.2. A) It is stable.B) It is durable.C) It is inexpensive.D) It is sophisticated.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) It lasted more than six hours.B) No injuries were yet reported.C) Nobody was in the building when it broke out.D)It had burned for 45 minutes by the time firefighters arrived.4. A) Recruit and train more firefighters.B) Pull down the deserted shopping mall.C) Turn the shopping mall into an amusement park.D) Find money to renovate the local neighborhood.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) Shrinking potato farming.B) Heavy reliance on import.C) Widespread plant disease.D) Insufficient potato supply.6. A) It intends to keep its traditional diet.B) It wants to expand its own farming.C) It is afraid of the spread of disease.D)It is worried about unfair competition.7. A) Global warming.B) Ever-rising prices.C) Government regulation.D) Diminishing investment.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) Informative.B) Inspiring.C) Dull.D) Shallow.9. A) She types on a keyboard.B) She does recording.C) She takes photos.D) She takes notes.10. A) It keeps her mind active.B) It makes her stay awake.C) It enables her to think hard.D) It helps her kill time.11. A) It enables her to improve her pronunciation.B) It helps her better remember what she learns.C) It turns out to be an enjoyable way of learning.D) It proves to be far more effective than writing.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) To spend her honeymoon.B) To try authentic Indian food.C) To take photos of the Taj Mahal.D) To trace the origin of a love story.13. A) In memory of a princess.B) In honor of a great emperor.C) To mark the death of an emperor of the 1600s.D) To celebrate the birth of a princess’s 14th child.14. A) It looks older than expected.B) It is built of wood and bricks.C) It stores lots of priceless antiques.D) It has walls decorated with jewels.15. A) Their streets are narrow.B) Each one has a unique character.C)They are mostly crowded.D) Life can be tedious in some places.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) They help spread the latest technology.B) They greatly enrich people’s leisure life.C) They provide residents with the resources they need.D) They allow free access to digital books and videos.17. A) By helping them find jobs.B) By keeping them off the streets.C) By inspiring their creativity.D) By providing a place of relaxation.18.A) Their interaction with teenagers proved fruitful.B) They used libraries less often than teenagers.C)They tended to visit libraries regularly.D) Their number increased modestly.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) It is the cleverest cat in the world.B) It is an unusual cross breed.C)It is the largest cat in Africa.D)It is a large-sized wild cat.20.A) They are as loyal as dogs.B)They are fond of sleeping in cabinets.C)They have unusually long tails.D)They know how to please their owners.21. A) They shake their front paws.B) They shower with them.C) They teach them to dive.D) They shout at them.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) Contented and relieved.B) Anxious and depressed.C) Proud but a bit nervous.D) Excited but somewhat sad.23. A) It starts the moment they are born.B) It depends on their parents for success.C) It is gaining increasing public attention.D) It is becoming parents' biggest concern.24. A) Choose the right school for them.B) Help them to learn by themselves.C)Read books and magazines to them.D)Set a good example for them to follow.25. A) Their intelligence.B) Their home life.C) The quality of their school.D) The effort they put in learning.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Millions die early from air pollution each year. Air pollution costs the global economy more than $5 trillion annually in welfare costs, with the most serious __26__ occurring in the developing world.The figures include a number of costs __27__ with air pollution. Lost income alone amounts to $225 billion a year.The report includes both indoor and outdoor air pollution. Indoor pollution, which includes __28__ like home heating and cooking, has remained __29__ over the past several decades despite advances in the area. Levels of outdoor pollution have grown rapidly along with rapid growth in industry and transportation.Director of Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Chris Murray __30__ it as an “urgent call to action.” “One of the risk factors for premature deaths is the air we breathe, over which individuals have little __31__,” he said.The effects of air pollution are worst in the developing world, where in some places lost-labor income __32__ nearly 1% of GDP. Around 9 in 10 people in low- and middle-income countries live in places where they __33__ experience dangerous levels of outdoor air pollution.But the problem is not limited __34__ to the developing world. Thousands die prematurely in the U.S. as a result of related illnesses. In many European countries, where diesel（柴油）__35__ have become more common in recent years, that number reaches tens of thousands.A) abilityB) associatedC) consciouslyD) constantE) control F) damageG) described H) equalsI) exclusivelyJ) innovatedK) regularlyL) relatesM) sourcesN) undermineO) vehiclesSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Food-as-Medicine Movement Is Witnessing ProgressA) Several times a month, you can find a doctor in the aisles of Ralph’s market in Huntington Beach, California, wearing a white coat and helping people learn about food. On one recent day, this doctor was Daniel Nadeau, wandering the cereal aisle with Allison Scott, giving her some ideas on how to feed kids who persistently avoid anything that is healthy. “Have you thought about trying fresh juices in the morning?” he asks her. “The frozen oranges and apples are a little cheaper, and fruits are really good for the brain. Juices are quick and easy to prepare, you can take the frozen fruit out the night before and have it ready the next morning.”B) Scott is delighted to get food advice from a physician who is program director of the nearby Mary and Dick Allen Diabetes Center, part of the St. Joseph Hoag Health alliance. The center’s ‘Shop with Your Doc’ program sends doctors to the grocery store to meet with any patients who sign up for the service, plus any other shoppers who happen to be around with questions.C) Nadeau notices the pre-made macaroni （通心粉）-and-cheese boxes in Scott’s shopping cart and suggests she switch to whole grain macaroni and real cheese. “So I’d have to make it? ” she asks, her enthusiasm fading at the thought of how long that might take, just to have her kids reject it. “I’m not sur e they’d eat it. They just won’t eat it.”D) Nadeau says sugar and processed foods are big contributors to the rising diabetes rates among children. “In America, over 50 percent of our food is processed food,” Nadeau tells her. “And only 5 percent of our food is plant-based food. I think we should try to reverse that.” Scott agrees to try more fruit juices for the kids and to make real macaroni and cheese. Score one point for the doctor, zero for diabetes.E) Nadeau is part of a small revolution developing across California. The food-as-medicine movement has been around for decades, but it’s making progress as physicians and medical institutions make food a formal part of treatment, rather than relying solely on medications （药物）.By prescribing nutritional changes or launching programs such as ‘Shop with Your Do’, they are trying to prevent, limit or even reverse disease by changing what patients eat. “There’s no question people can take things a long way toward reversing diabetes, reversing high blood pressure, even preventing cancer by food choices,” Nadeau says.F) In the big picture, says Dr. Richard Afable, CEO and president of St. Joseph Hoag Health, medical institutions across the state are starting to make a philosophical switch to becoming a health organization, not just a health care organization. That feeling echoes the beliefs of the Therapeutic Food Pantry program at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, which completed its pilot phase and is about to expand on an ongoing basis to five clinic sites throughout the city. The program will offer patients several bags of food prescribed for their condition, along with intensive training in how to cook it. “We really want to link food and medicine, and not just give away food,” says Dr. Rita Nguyen, the hospital’s medical director of Healthy Food Initiatives. “We want people to understand what they’re eating, how to prepare it, the role food plays in their lives.”G) In Southern California, Loma Linda University School of Medicine is offering specialized training for its resident physicians in Lifestyle Medicine—that is a formal specialty in using food to treat disease. Research findings increasingly show the power of food to treat or reverse diseases, but that does not mean that diet alone is always the solution, or that every illness can benefit substantially from dietary changes. Nonetheless, physicians say that they look at the collective data and a clear picture emerges: that the salt, sugar, fat and processed foods in the American diet contribute to the nation’s high rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease. According to the World Health Organization, 80 percent of deaths from heart disease and stroke are caused by high blood pressure, tobacco use, elevated cholesterol and low consumption of fruits and vegetables.H)”It’s a different paradigm （范式）of how to treat disease,” says Dr. Brenda Rea, who helps run the family and preventive medicine residency program at Loma Linda University School of Medicine. The lifestyle medicine specialty is designed to train doctors in how to prevent and treat disease, in part, by changing patients，nutritional habits. The medical center and school at Loma Linda also has a food cupboard and kitchen for patients. This way, patients not only learn about which foods to buy, but also how to prepare them at home.I) Many people don’t know how to cook, Rea says, and they only know how to heat things up. That means depending on packaged food with high salt and sugar content. So teaching people about which foods are healthy and how to prepare them, she says, can actually transform a patient’s life. And beyond that, it might transform the health and lives of that patient’s family. “What people eat can be medicine or poison,” Rea s ays. “As a physician, nutrition is one of the most powerful things you can change to reverse the effects of long- term disease.”J) Studies have explored evidence that dietary changes can slow inflammation（炎症）, for example, or make the body inhospitable to cancer cells. In general, many lifestyle medicine physicians recommend a plant-based diet-particularly for people with diabetes or other inflammatory conditions.K) “As what happened with tobacco, this will require a cultural shift, but that can happen,” says Nguyen. “In the same way physicians used to smoke, and then stopped smoking and were able to talk to patients about it, I think physicians can have a bigger voice in it.”36. More than half of the food Americans eat is factory-produced.37. There is a special program that assigns doctors to give advice to shoppers in food stores.38. There is growing evidence from research that food helps patients recover from various illnesses.39. A healthy breakfast can be prepared quickly and easily.40. Training a patient to prepare healthy food can change their life.41.One food-as-medicine program net only prescribes food for treatment but teaches patients how to cook it.42. Scott is not keen on cooking food herself, thinking it would simply be a waste of time.43. Diabetes patients are advised to eat more plant-based food.44. Using food as medicine is no novel idea, but the movement is making headway these days.45. Americans’ high rates of various illnesses result from the way they eat.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.California has been facing a drought for many years now, with certain areas even having to pump freshwater hundreds of miles to their distribution system. The problem is growing as the population of the state continues to expand. New research has found deep water reserves under the state which could help solve their drought crisis. Previous drilling of wells could only reach depths of 1,000 feet, but due to new pumping practices, water deeper than this can now be extracted（抽取）.The team at Stanford investigatedthe aquifers（地下蓄水层）below this depth and found that reserves may be triple what was previously thought.It is profitable to drill to depths more than 1,000 feet for oil and gas extraction, but only recently in California has it become profitable to pump water from this depth. The aquifers range from 1,000 to 3,000 feet below the ground, which means that pumping will be expensive and there are other concerns. The biggest concern of pumping out water from this deep is the gradual settling down of the land surface. As the water is pumped out, the vacant space left is compacted by the weight of the earth above.Even though pumping from these depths is expensive, it is still cheaper than desalinating （脱盐）the ocean water in the largely coastal state. Some desalination plants exist where feasible, but they are costly to run and can need constant repairs. Wells are much more reliable sources of freshwater, and California is hoping that these deep wells may be the answer to their severe water shortage.One problem with these sources is that the deep water also has a higher level of salt than shallower aquifers. This means that some wells may even need to undergo desalination after extraction, thus increasing the cost. Research from the exhaustive study of groundwater from over 950 drilling logs has just been published. New estimates of the water reserves now go up to 2,700 billion cubic meters of freshwater.46. How could California’s drought crisis be solved according to some researchers?A) By building more reserves of groundwater.B) By drawing water from the depths of the earth.C) By developing more advanced drilling devices.D) By upgrading its water distribution system.47.What can be inferred about extracting water from deep aquifers?A) It was deemed vital to solving the water problem.B) It was not considered worth the expense.C) It may not provide quality freshwater.D) It is bound to gain support from the local people.48.What is mentioned as a consequence of extracting water from deep underground?A)The sinking of land surface.B) The harm to the ecosystem.C) The damage to aquifers.D) The change of the climate.49.What does the author say about deep wells?A) They run without any need for repairs.C) They are the ultimate solution to droughtsB) They are entirely free from pollutants.D)They provide a steady supply of freshwater.50.What may happen when deep aquifers are used as water sources?A) People’s health may improve with cleaner water.B) People’s water bills may be lowered considerably.C) The cost may go up due to desalination.D) They may be exhausted sooner or later.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The AlphaGo program's victory is an example of how smart computers have become.But can artificial intelligence (AI) machines act ethically, meaning can they be honest and fair?One example of AI is driverless cars. They are already on California roads, so it is not too 抑^ 识出whether we can program a machine to act ethically. As driverless cars improve, they will save lives. They will make fewer mistakes than human drivers do. Sometimes, however, they will face a choice between live. Should the cars be programmed to avoid hitting a child running across the road, even if that will put their passengers at risk? What about making a sudden turn to avoid a dog? What if the only risk is damage to the car itself, passengers?Perhaps there will be lessons to learn from driverless cars, but they are not super-intelligent beings. Teaching ethics to a machine even more intelligent than we are will be the bigger challenge.About the same time as AlphaGo’s triumph, Microsoft’s ‘chatbot’ took a bad turn. The software, named Taylor, was designed to answer messages from people aged 18-24. Taylor was supposed to be able to learn from the messages she received. She was designed to slowly improve her ability to handle conversations, but some people were teaching Taylor racist ideas. When she started saying nice things about Hitler, Microsoft turned her off and deleted her ugliest messages.AlphaGo’s victory and Taylor’s defeat happened at about the same time. This should be a warning to us. It is one thing to use AI within a game with clear rules and clear goals. It is something very different to use AI in the real world. The unpredictability of the real world may bring to the surface a troubling software problem.Eric Schmidt is one of the bosses of Google, which owns AlphaGo. He thinks AI will be positive for humans. He said people will be the winner, whatever the outcome. Advances in AI will make human beings sm arter, more able and “just better human beings.”51. What does the author want to show with the example of AlphaGo’s victory?A) Computers will prevail over human beings.B) Computers have unmatched potential.C) Computers are man’s potential rivals.D) Computers can become highly intelligent.52.What does the author mean by AI machines acting ethically?A) They are capable of predicting possible risks.B) They weigh the gains and losses before reaching 及decision.C) They make sensible decisions when facing moral dilemmas.D) They sacrifice everything to save human lives.53. What is said to be the bigger challenge facing humans in the AI age?A) How to make super-intelligent AI machines share human feelings.B) How to ensure that super-intelligent AI machines act ethically.C) How to prevent AI machines doing harm to humans.D) How to avoid being over-dependent on AI machines.54. What do we learn about Microsoft’s ‘chatbot’ Taylor?A) She could not distinguish good from bad.B) She could turn herself off when necessary.C) She was not made to handle novel situations.D) She was good at performing routine tasks.55. What does Eric Schmidt think of artificial intelligence?A) It will be far superior to human beings.B) It will keep improving as time goes by.C) It will prove to be an asset to human beings.D) It will be here to stay whatever the outcome.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.由于通信网络的快速发展，中国智能手机用户数量近年来以惊人速度增长。

大工18秋《大学英语4》在线测试1（标准98分）一、单选题(共20 道试题,共80 分)1.The basic features of the communication process are identified in one-question: Who says _____ through what channel to whom?A.howB.whenC.whatD.such答案：C2.Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy ______ for her examination.A.to prepareB.to be preparedC.preparingD.being prepared答案：C3.He looked as if he ()ill for a long time.A.wasB.wereC.has beenD.had been答案：D4.You should take _______ of this opportunity and try to make a good impression on them.A.careB.advantageC.chargeD.place答案：B5.As a public relations officer, he is said _____ some very influential people.A.to have been knowingB.to be knowingC.to have knownD.to know答案：B6.Would you rather I ()buying a new bike?A.decided againstB.will decide againstC.have decidedD.shall decide against答案：A7.I had my meals _________ when I was ill in bed with a bad cold.A.to bringB.bringC.broughtD.bringing答案：C8.He wrote an article criticizing the Greek poet and won _____ and a scholarship.A.statusB.fameC.faithD.courage答案：B9.You would be _____ a risk to let your child go to school by himself.A.omittingB.attachingC.affordingD.running答案：D10.Even Tony’s granddaughter, a five-year-old girl, asked him ()smoking.A.give upB.gave upC.to give upD.giving up答案：C11.The dean of the Philosophy Department requested that the visiting scholar ________ a lecture onSartre.A.gaveB.giveC.would giveD.had given答案：B12.It is a __________ 100 meter from my house to the theater. Let"s leave the car in the garage and walk there.A.onlyB.mereC.rareD.hardly答案：B13.A fully qualified ________ can help different parties to overcome language barriers and bring about a meeting of minds like milk mingling with water.A.interpreterB.guideC.agentpanion答案：A14.If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child would not （）.A.have laid there for two hoursB.have been lied there for two hoursC.have lied there for two hoursD.have lain there for two hours答案：D15.Jack is an intelligent pupil, but he lacks __________ for working hard and becoming a top student.A.reasonB.motivationC.talentD.ability答案：B16.I"m glad I went over all my notes; otherwise __________.A.I may have failedB.I"d failC.I"d have failedD.I"ll have failed答案：C17.If there __________ no air, people would die.A.wereB.isC.beD.been答案：A18.What should we do if it ________ tomorrow?A.should snowB.would snowC.snowD.will snow答案：A19.He was seriously ill, but he refused to __________ accept his fate.A.positivelyB.negativelyC.passivelyD.actively答案：C20.__________, I would take an umbrella with me.A.Had I been youB.I were youC.Were I youD.I had been you答案：C二、判断题(共10 道试题,共20 分)1.It is important that the hotel receptionist has made sure that guests are registered correctly.A.错误B.正确2.He turned off the light and locked the door, believe nobody was in the room.A.错误B.正确3.Helen couldn’t go to France after all. That’s too bad. I’m sure she would have enjoyed it if she’d gone.A.错误B.正确4.Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he would teach me how.A.错误B.正确5.I must go there earlier. John has suggested that I would go an hour before the discussion begins.A.错误B.正确6.You should know better than to play volleyball in the classroom.A.错误B.正确7.If you spare half an hour for exercises every day you’ll soon be back in good condition.A.错误B.正确8.We hadn"t met for 20 years, but I recognized her the moment I saw her.A.错误B.正确9.I would have told him the answer had it been possible, but I have been so busy then.A.错误B.正确10.Driving to and from work, commuters have little else to focus except driving and the sounds from their radios.A.错误B.正确。

2018年12月大学生英语四级真题试卷及详细答案(三套全)目录2018年12月大学生英语四级真题试题一(完整版) (1)快速对答案 (14)2018年12月大学生英语四级真题试卷一详细答案(精品) (15)2018年12月大学生英语四级真题试题二(完整版) (61)快速对答案 (75)2018年12月大学生英语四级真题试卷二详细答案(精品) (75)2018年12月大学生英语四级真题试题三(完整版) (120)快速对答案 (129)2018年12月大学生英语四级真题试卷三详细答案(精品) (129)2018年12月大学生英语四级真题试题一(完整版)Part I Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an a short easy on the challenges of living in a big city.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2018年6月大学英语四级真题（第3套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay on the importance of speaking ability and how to develop it Y ou should write at least 120 words but no more tha n180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) 说明：由于2018年6月四级考试全国共考了两套听力，本套真题听力与前两套内容相同，只是选项顺序不同，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。

Part 皿Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this sect ion, there is a passage with ten bla nks. You are required to select one word for each bla nk from a list of choices give n in a word bank follow ing the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Neon (霓虹)is to Hong Kong as red phone booths are to London and fog is to San Fran cisco. When night falls, red and blue and other colors 26 ________ a hazy (雾蒙蒙的)glow over a city litup by tens of thousa nds of neon sig ns. But many of them are going dark, 27 _______ by more practical, but less romantic, LEDs (发光二极管).Changing buildi ng codes, evolv ing tastes, and the high cost of maintaining those won derful old sig ns have bus in esses embraci ng LEDs, which are en ergy 28 , but still carry great cost. "To me, neon represe nts memories of the past," says photographer Sharon Blance, whose series Hong Kong Neon celebrates the city's famous sig ns. "Look ing at the sig ns now I get a feeli ng of amazeme nt, mixed with sad ness."Building a neon sign is an art practiced by 29 ______________ trained on the job to moldshapes and letters. They fill these tubes with gases that glowglass tubes in to-30whe n 31 _____________ . Neon makes oran ge, while other gases make yellow or blue. It takes many hours to craft a sin gle sig n.Bla nee spe nt a week in Hong Kong and 32 _____________ more tha n 60 sig ns; 22 of them appear in the series that capture the sig ns lighti ng up Ion ely streets — an 33 that makes it easy to admire their colors and eraftsmanship. "I love the beautiful, handerafted, old-fashi oned 34 of neon，” says Blance. The sig ns do nothing more tha n 35a restaura nt, theater, or other bus in ess, but do so in the most strik ing way possible.A) alter native B) approach C) cast D) challe nging E) decorativeF) efficient G) electrified H) identify I) photographed J) professionalsK) quality L) replaced M) stimulate N) symbolizes O) volun teersSection BDirections: I n this secti on, you are going to read a passage with ten stateme nts attached to it. Each stateme nt contains in formatio n give n in one of the paragraphs. Ide ntify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. An swer the questi ons by mark ing the corresp onding letter on An swer Sheet 2.New Jersey School District Eases Pressure on Student—Baring an Ethnic DivideA) This fall, David Aderhold, the chief of a high-achieving school district near Princeton, New Jersey, sent parents an alarming 16-page letter. The school district, he said, was facing a crisis. Its stude nts were overburde ned and stressed out, havi ng to cope with too much work and too many dema nds. In the previous school year, 120 middle and high school stude nts were recomme nded for men tal health assessme nts and 40 were hospitalized. And on a survey adm ini stered by the district, students wrote things like, "I hate going to school," and "Coming out of 12 years in this district, I have lear ned one thing: that a grade, a perce ntage or even a point is to be valued over anything else." B) With his letter, Aderhold in serted West Win dsor-Plai nsboro Regi onal School District into an atio nal discussi on about the intense focus on achieveme nt at elite schools, and whether it has gone too far. At follow-up meet in gs, he urged pare nts to join him in advocat ing a "whole child" approach to schooli ng that respects "social-emoti onal developme nt" and "deep and meanin gful learning" over academics alone. The alter native, he suggested, was to face the prospect of becoming another Palo Alto, California, where outsize stress on teenage students is believed to have con tributed to a nu mber of suicides in the last six years.C) But in stead of bringing families together, Aderhold's letter revealed a divide in the district, which has 9,700 stude nts, and one that broke dow n roughly along racial lin es. On one side are white pare nts like Catheri ne Foley, a former preside nt of the Pare nt-Teacher-Stude nt Associati on at her daughter's middle school, who has come to see the district's in creas in gly pressured atmosphere as opposed to lear ning. "My son was in fourth grade and told me, 'I'm not going to amount to anything because I have nothing to put on my resume,'" she said. On the other side are pare nts like Mike Jia, one of the thousa nds of Asia n-America n professi on als who have moved to the district in the past decade, who said Aderhold's reforms would amount to a "dumb ing dow n" of his children's education. "What is happening here reflects a national anti-intellectual trend that will not prepare our childre n for the future," Jia said.D) About 10 minu tes from Prin cet on and an hour and a half from New York City, West Win dsor and Plain sboro have become popular bedroom com mun ities for tech no logy en trepre neurs, researchers and engin eers, draw n in large part by the public schools. From the last three graduating classes, 16 seniors were admitted to MIT. It produces Science Olympiad winners, classically trained musicians and students with perfect SA T scores.E) The district has become increasingly popular with immigrant families from China, India and Korea. This year, 65 perce nt of its stude nts are Asia n-America n, compared with 44 perce nt in 2007. Many of them are the first in their families born in the United States. They have had a grow ing in flue nce on the district. Asia n-America n pare nts are en thusiastic supporters of the competitive in strume ntal music program. They have bee n huge supporters of the district's advaneed mathematics program, which once began in the fourth grade but will now start in the sixth. The cha nge to the program, in which 90 perce nt of the participat ing stude nts areAsia n-America n, is one of Aderhold's reforms.F) Asia n-America n stude nts have bee n eager participa nts in a state program that permits them to take summer classes off campus for high school credit, allow ing them to maximize the nu mber of honors and Advaneed Placement classes they can take, another practice that Aderhold is limiting this school year. With many Asia n-America n childre n atte nding suppleme ntary in struct ional programs, there is a perception among some white families that the elementary school curriculum is being sped up to accommodate them.G) Both Asia n-America n and white families say the tension betwee n the two groups has grow n steadily over the past few years, as the nu mber of Asia n families has rise n. But the divisi on has become more obvious in recent mon ths as Aderhold has made cha nges, in clud ing no-homework nights, an end to high school midterms and finals, and an initiative that made it easier to participate in the music program.H) Jennifer Lee, professor of sociology at the University of California, Irvine, and an author of theAsia n America n Achieveme nt Paradox, says misun dersta nding betwee n first-ge neratio nAsia n-America n pare nts and those who have bee n in this country Ion ger are com mon. What white middle-class pare nts do not always un dersta nd, she said, is how much pressure recent immigra nts feel to boost their children into the middle class. "They don't have the same chances to get their childre n intern ships (实习职位)or jobs at law firms," Lee said. "So what they believe is that their childre n must excel and beat their white peers in academic sett ings so they have the same cha nces to excel later."I) The issue of the stresses felt by stude nts in elite school districts has gained atte nti on in recent years as schools in places like Newt on, Massachusetts, and Palo Alto have reported a nu mber of suicides. West Win dsor-Pla in sboro has not had a tee nage suicide in recent years, but Aderhold, who has worked in the district for seve n years and bee n chief for the last three years, said he had see n troubli ng sig ns. In a recent art assig nmen ts, a middle school stude nt depicted (描绘)an overburde ned child who was being scolded for earning an A, rather tha n an A+ , on a math exam. In the image, the mother scolds the stude nt with the words, "Shame on you!" Further, he said, the New Jersey Educati on Departme nt has flagged at least two pieces of writ ing on state En glishIan guage assessme nts in which stude nts expressed suicidal thoughts.J) The survey commissi oned by the district found that 68 perce nt of high school honor andAdva need Placeme nt stude nts reported feeli ng stressed about school "always or most of the time." "We need to bring back some balanee," Aderhold said. "You don't want to wait until it's too late to do someth in g."K) Not all public opinion has fallen along racial lines. Karen Sue, the Chinese-American mother of a fifth-grader and an eighth-grader, believes the competiti on with in the district has gotte n out of con trol. Sue, who was born in the Un ited States to immigra nt pare nts, wants her peers to dial it back. "It's become an arms race, an educational arms race," she said. "We all want our kids to achieve and be successful. The questi on is, at what cost?"36. Aderhold is limiting the extra classes that students are allowed to take off campus.37. White and Asia n-America n pare nts resp on ded differe ntly to Aderhold's appeal.38. Suicidal thoughts have appeared in some stude nts' writ in gs.39. Aderhold's reform of the adva need mathematics program will affect Asia n-America n stude nts most.40. Aderhold appealed for pare nts' support in promot ing an all-ro und developme nt of childre n, in stead of focus ing on ly on their academic performa nee.41. One Chin ese-America n pare nt thinks the competiti on in the district has gone too far.42. Immigra nt pare nts believe that academic excelle nee will allow their childre n equal cha nces to succeed in the future.43. Many bus in essme n and professi on als have moved to West Win dsor and Plain sboro because of the public schools there.44. A nu mber of stude nts in Aderhold's school district were found to have stress-i nduced men tal health problems.45. The tension betwee n Asia n-America n and white families has in creased in rece nt years. Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this sect ion. Each passage is followed by some questi ons or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresp onding letter on An swer Sheet 2 with a sin gle line through the cen tre.Passage OneQuestions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.For thousa nds of years, people have known that the best way to un dersta nd a con cept is to expla in it to some one else. "While we teach, we lear n," said Roma n philosopher Sen eca. Now scie ntists are bringing this ancient wisdom up-to-date. They're docume nti ng why teach ing is such a fruitful way to lear n, and desig ning inno vative ways for young people to en gage in in structi on.Researchers have found that stude nts who sig n up to tutor others work harder to un dersta nd the material, recall it more accurately and apply it more effectively. Stude nt teachers score higher on tests tha n pupils who're lear ning only for their own sake. But how can childre n, still lear ning themselves, teach others? One an swer: They can tutor youn ger kids. Some studies have found that first-born children are more intelligent than their later-born siblings ( 兄弟姐妹).This suggeststheir higher IQs result from the time they spe nd teach ing their sibli ngs. Now educators are experime nting with ways to apply this model to academic subjects. They en gage college un dergraduates to teach computer scie nee to high school stude nts, who in tur n in struct middle school stude nts on the topic.But the most cutt in g-edge tool un der developme nt is the "teachable age nt" — a computerized character who learns, tries, makes mistakes and asks questions just like a real-world pupil. Computer scientists have created an animated (动画的)figure called Betty's Brain, who has been "taught" about environmen tal scie nee by hun dreds of middle school stude nts. Stude nt teachers are motivated to help Betty master certain materials. While preparing to teach, they organize their kno wledge and improve their own un dersta nding. And as they expla in the in formati on to it,they iden tify problems in their own thinking.Feedback from the teachable age nts further enhances the tutors' lear ning. The age nts' questions compel student tutors to think and explain the materials in different ways, and watching the age nt solve problems allows them to see their kno wledge put into actio n.Above all, it's the emotions one experiences in teaching that facilitate learning. Student tutors feel upset whe n their teachable age nts fail, but happy whe n these virtual pupils succeed as they derive pride and satisfact ion from some one else's accomplishme nt.46. What are researchers rediscoveri ng through their studies?A) Sen eca's thinking is still applicable today.B) Better lear ners will become better teachers.C) Huma n in tellige nee tends to grow with age.D) Philosophical thinking improves in structi on.47. What do we learn about Betty's Brai n?A) It is a character in a popular animation.B) It is a teach ing tool un der developme nt.C) It is a cutt in g-edge app in digital games.D) It is a tutor for computer scie nee stude nts.48. How does teach ing others ben efit stude nt tutors?A) It makes them aware of what they are strong at.B) It motivates them to try novel ways of teach ing.C) It helps them learn their academic subjects better.D) It en ables them to better un dersta nd their teachers.49. What do stude nts do to teach their teachable age nts?A) They motivate them to thi nk in depe nden tly.B) They ask them to desig n their own questi ons.C) They en courage them to give prompt feedback.D) They use various ways to explain the materials.50. What is the key factor that eases stude nt tutors' lear ning?A) Their sense of resp on sibility.B) Their emoti onal in volveme nt.C) The lear ning strategy acquired.D) The teach ing experie nee gain ed.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.A new batch of young women —members of the so-called Millennial ( 千禧的) generation—has been entering the workforce for the past decade. At the starting line of their careers, they are better educated tha n their mothers and gran dmothers had been— or tha n their young male counterparts are now. But when they look ahead, they see roadblocks to their success. They believe that wome n are paid less tha n men for doing the same job. They thi nk it's easier for men to get top executive jobs than it is for them. And they assume that if and when they have childre n, it will be even harder for them to adva nee in their careers.While the public sees greater workplace equality betwee n men and wome n now tha n it did 20-30 years ago, most believe more cha nge is n eeded. Among Mille nnial wome n, 75% say this country n eeds to con ti nue making cha nges to achieve gen der equality in the workplace, compared with 57% of Mille nn ial men. Even so, relatively few young wome n (15%) say they have bee n discrim in ated aga inst at work because of their gen der.As Mille nnial wome n come of age they share many of the same views and values about work as their male counterparts. They want jobs that provide security and flexibility, and they place relatively little importance on high pay. At the same time, however, young working women are less likely than men to aim at top management jobs: 34% say they're not interested in becoming a boss or top manager; only 24% of young men say the same. The gender gap on this question is even wider among working adults in their 30s and 40s, when many women face the trade-offs that go with work and motherhood.These findings are based on a new Pew Research Cen ter survey of 2,002 adults, in cludi ng 810 Mille nni als (ages 18-32), con ducted Oct. 7-27, 2013. The survey fin ds that, i n spite of the dramatic gains wome n have made in educatio nal atta inment and labor force participati on in rece nt decades, young wome n view this as a man's world —just as middle-aged and older wome n do.51. What do we learn from the first paragraph about Millennial women starting their careers?A) They can get ahead only by striving harder.B) They expect to succeed just like Millennial men.C) They are gen erally quite optimistic about their future.D) They are better educated tha n their male coun terparts.52. How do most Mille nnial wome n feel about their treatme nt in the workplace?A) They are the target of discrim in ati on.B) They find it satisfactory on the whole.C) They think it n eeds further improv ing.D) They find their compla ints igno red.53. What do Mille nn ial wome n value most whe n coming of age?A) A sense of accomplishme nt.B) Job stability and flexibility.C) Rewards and promoti ons.D) Joy derived from work.54. What are wome n in their 30s and 40s concerned about?A) The welfare of their childre n.B) The n arrow ing of the gen der gap.C) The fulfillment of their dreams in life.D) The bala nee betwee n work and family.55. What con clusi on can be draw n about Mille nn ial wome n from the 2013 survey?A) They still view this world as on e domin ated by males.B) They acco unt for half the workforce in the job market.C) They see the world differe ntly from older gen erati ons.D) They do better in work than their male counterparts.Part IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minu tes to tran slate a passage from Chi n ese into En glish. You should write your an swe on Answer Sheet 2近年来，中国有越来越多的城市开始建设地铁。

2018年大学英语四级试题及答案Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Online Shopping. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1.现在网上购物已成为一种时尚2.网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题3.我的建议Online Shopping注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。

Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2018年12月大学英语四级真题试卷(CET4)及答案(第二套)Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an a short easy on the challenges of studying abroad.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 2 are based on the new report you have just heard.Questions 1 to 2 are based on the new report you have just heard.1. A) A man was pulled to safety after a building collapse.B) A beam about ten feet long collapsed to the ground.C) A rescue worker got trapped in the basement.D) A deserted 100-year-old building caught fire.2. A) He suffered a fatal injury in an accident.B) He once served in a fire department.C) He was collecting building materials.D) He moved into his neighbor's old house.Questions 3 to 4 are based on the new report you have just heard。

大工18秋《大学英语4》在线测试11.Thebasicfeaturesofthecommunicationprocessareidentifiedinone-question:Whosays_____throughwhatchanneltowhom?A.howB.whenC.whatD.such正确答案:C2.Jeandidnothavetimetogototheconcertlastnightbecauseshewasbusy______forherexamination.A.to prepareB.to bepreparedC.preparingD.beingprepared正确答案:C3.He lookedasifhe()illforalongtime.A.wasB.wereC.hasbeenD.hadbeen正确答案:D4.Youshouldtake_______ofthisopportunityandtrytomakeagoodimpressiononthem.A.careB.advantageC.chargeD.place正确答案:B5.Asapublicrelationsofficer,heissaid_____someveryinfluentialpeople.A.tohavebeenknowingB.tobeknowingC.tohaveknownD.toknow正确答案:D6.WouldyouratherI()buyinganewbike?A.decidedagainstB.willdecideagainstC.havedecidedD.shalldecideagainst正确答案:A7.Ihadmymeals_________whenIwasillinbedwithabadcold.A.tobringB.bringC.broughtD.bringing正确答案:C8.HewroteanarticlecriticizingtheGreekpoetandwon_____andascholarship.A.statusB.fameC.faithD.courage正确答案:B9.Youwouldbe_____arisktoletyourchildgotoschoolbyhimself.A.omittingB.attachingC.affordingD.running正确答案:D10.EvenTony’sgranddaughter,afive-year-oldgirl,askedhim()smoking.A.giveupB.gaveupC.togiveupD.givingup正确答案:C11.ThedeanofthePhilosophyDepartmentrequestedthatthevisitingscholar________alectureonSartre.A.gaveB.giveC.wouldgiveD.hadgiven正确答案:B12.Itisa__________100meterfrommyhousetothetheater.Let'sleavethecarinthegarageandwalkthere.A.onlyB.mereC.rareD.hardly正确答案:B13.Afullyqualified________canhelpdifferentpartiestoovercomelanguagebarriersandbringaboutameetingofmindslikemilkminglingwithwater.A.interpreterB.guideC.agentpanion正确答案:AIfthedoctorhadcomeearlier,thepoorchildwouldnot（）.A.havelaidtherefortwohoursB.havebeenliedtherefortwohoursC.haveliedtherefortwohoursD.havelaintherefortwohours正确答案:DJackisanintelligentpupil,buthelacks__________forworkinghardandbecomingatopstudent.A.reasonB.motivationC.talentD.ability正确答案:BI'mgladIwentoverallmynotes;otherwise__________.A.ImayhavefailedB.I'dfailC.I'dhavefailedD.I'llhavefailed正确答案:CIfthere__________noair,peoplewoulddie.A.wereB.isC.beD.been正确答案:AWhatshouldwedoifit________tomorrow?A.shouldsnowB.wouldsnowC.snowD.willsnow正确答案:AHewasseriouslyill,butherefusedto__________accepthisfate.A.positivelyB.negativelyC.passivelyD.actively正确答案:C__________,Iwouldtakeanumbrellawithme.A.HadIbeenyouB.IwereyouC.WereIyouD.Ihadbeenyou正确答案:C Itisimportantthatthehotelreceptionisthasmadesurethatguestsareregisteredcorrectly.A.错误B.正确正确答案:AHeturnedoffthelightandlockedthedoor,believenobodywasintheroom.A.错误正确答案:AHelencouldn’tgotoFranceafterall.That’stoobad.I’msureshewouldhaveenjoyeditifshe’dgone.A.错误B.正确正确答案:BMikecantakehiscarapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhewouldteachmehow.A.错误B.正确正确答案:BImustgothereearlier.JohnhassuggestedthatIwouldgoanhourbeforethediscussionbegins.A.错误B.正确正确答案:BYoushouldknowbetterthantoplayvolleyballintheclassroom.A.错误B.正确正确答案:B Ifyousparehalfanhourforexerciseseverydayyoullsoonbebackingoodcondition.A.错误B.正确正确答案:BWehadn'tmetfor20years,butIrecognizedherthemomentIsawher.A.错误B.正确正确答案:BIwouldhavetoldhimtheanswerhaditbeenpossible,butIhavebeensobusythen.A.错误B.正确正确答案:ADrivingtoandfromwork,commutershavelittleelsetofocusexceptdrivingandthesoundsfromtheirradi os.A.错误B.正确正确答案:A大工18秋《大学英语4》在线测试2Thefatherrepeatedly__________withthepoliceofficertosethisdaughterfree,holdingfirmtohisbelief thatshewasinnocent.A.arguedB.protestedC.angeredD.pleaded正确答案:DCharlesregretted________theTVsetlastyear.Thepricehasnowgonedown.A.buyingC.ofD.from正确答案:ASince1999,thenumberofforeignstudentsatGermanuniversities________from113,000toalmost200, 000.A.hasincreasedB.aveincreasedC.areincreasedD.wasincreased正确答案:AWemighthavefailedifyou（）usahelpinghand.A.havenotgivenB.wouldnotgiveC.hadnotgivenD.didnotgive正确答案:CHehasjustarrived,buthetalksasifhe（）allaboutthat.A.knowB.knowsC.knownD.knew正确答案:DHiswordsare_________butthemeaningisdeep.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle正确答案:AWillyou_______meafavor,please?A.doB.makeC.bringD.give正确答案:AThesoldiersrushedtowardthewalltofind________fromthebullets.A.preventB.safeC.shroudD.shelter正确答案:DThoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister_________,todayhewasmade_________byhislittlesister.A.cry;tocryB.crying;cryingD.tocry;cry正确答案:AOnlyaverydelicatethermometercan________suchtinychangesintemperatureinapreciseway.A.countB.relateC.measureD.number正确答案:CThelawrequiresthateveryone（）hiscarcheckedatleastonceayear.A.hasB.hadC.haveD.willhave正确答案:CItwasonthebeach______MissWhitefoundthekidlyingdead.A.thatB.thisC.itD.which正确答案:AWhataheavyrain!Soitis.Iprefer（）ratherthan（）onsucharainyday.A.togoout;stayathomeB.tostayathome;gooutC.goingout;stayathomeD.stayingathome;goout正确答案:BEveryoneofthem________tiredandwantedagoodrest.A.seemsB.isseemedC.wasseemedD.seemed正确答案:DJimwenttogreat_____totrytopleasehisgirlfriend.A.botherB.lengthsC.waysD.troubles正确答案:BTheadvertisementwithcartoonanimationisdesignedto__________aworldwideattention,especially thatoftheyoungsters'.A.distractB.captureC.attack正确答案:BTheownerandeditorofthenewspaper______theconference.A.wereattendingB.weretoattendC.istoattendD.aretoattend正确答案:C______intheUnitedStates,St.Louishasnowbecomethe24thlargestcity.A.ThefourthbiggestcityitwasB.OncethefourthbiggestcityC.BeingthefourthbiggestcityD.Itwasoncethefourthbiggestcity正确答案:BThechairmansuggestedthatwe_____themeetingtoaclosebysingingthenationalanthem.A.bringB.broughtC.bebringingD.wouldbring正确答案:ATheenergy______bythechainreactionistransformedintoheat.A.transferredB.releasedC.deliveredD.conveyed正确答案:BMrs.Andersonwenttogreatlengthstokeephersonfromgettingmixedupinsuchdreadfulthings.A.错误B.正确正确答案:BDr.Smithwasalwaysconcernedaboutthepoorandthesick,oftenprovidingthemwithfreemedicalcare.A.错误B.正确正确答案:BThishotel,ifnotwellmanaging,willyieldlittleprofit.A.错误B.正确正确答案:A Isuggestwestoppedandfoundshelterfromthewindandsnowforthenight.A.错误B.正确正确答案:A Thelocalgovernmentisworriedthatthedroughtinthisregioneveryyearmayleadtomanypeopletobefor cedtoleavetheirhomes.B.正确正确答案:AManyoldmenpreferliveinapeacefulcountryside.A.错误B.正确正确答案:AIfoundaletterlyingonthefloorwhenIcameintotheclassroom.A.错误B.正确正确答案:BIhavereadthenewsoftoday.Howaboutoneofyesterday?A.错误B.正确正确答案:A Theoverallgoalofthebookistohelpbridgethegapbetweenresearchandteaching.A.错误B.正确正确答案:BThenewschoolyearisabouttobegin.A.错误B.正确正确答案:B大工18秋《大学英语4》在线测试3（）moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.TogiveB.HavinggivenC.GivenD.Giving正确答案:CInprevioustimes,whenfreshmeatwasinshort______,pigeonswerekeptbymanyhouseholdsasasourc eoffood.A.storeB.provisionC.reserveD.supply正确答案:DThelittlemanwas__________onemeterfiftyhigh.A.almostmorethanB.hardlymorethanC.nearlymorethanD.asmuchas正确答案:BTheyellowriverisn’tso（）astheChangJiangriver.A.longC.longerD.thelongest正确答案:A（）inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.ToloseB.LostC.HavinglostD.Losing正确答案:BHe________asumofmoneyeverymonthtohelpthetwoorphans.A.setsasideB.setsupC.setsalongD.setsin正确答案:ABreadandbutter_________whatAmericansusuallyhaveforbreakfast.A.areB.isC.wasD.were正确答案:B18.Theinjuredinthetsunami（）goodcareofbysomemedicalteams.A.istakenB.arebeingtakenC.aretakingD.isbeingtaken正确答案:BThiscrophassimilarqualitiestothepreviousone,______bothwind-resistantandadaptedtothesamety peofsoil.A.beingB.beenC.tobeD.havingbeen正确答案:ATherearevariouskindsofmetals,each（）itsownproperties.A.hasB.hadC.tohaveD.having正确答案:DJohnismy（）friendofalltheclassmates.A.goodB.betterD.thebest正确答案:CThemissingboyswerelastseen（）neartheriver.A.toplayB.playC.tobeplayingD.playing正确答案:DItwon'tbelong__________thistheorywillbeprovedtobewrong.A.soonB.sinceC.afterD.before正确答案:DWalterofferedusaliftwhenhewasleavingtheoffice,butourwork（）,wedidn’taccepttheoffer.A.notbeingfinishedB.nothavingfinishedC.hadnotbeenfinishedD.wasnotfinished正确答案:AFoodwas________duringthefamine.Itwasoftenseenthatpeoplesoldtheirchildrenforasackofcorn.A.availableB.lessC.fewD.scarce正确答案:DTheyoungladycomingovertous__________ourEnglishteacher;thewayshewalkstellsusthat!A.mustbeB.canbeC.wouldbeD.couldbe正确答案:ABeijingisoneof（）citiesinchina.A.verybeautifulB.muchbeautifulC.morebeautifulD.themostbeautiful正确答案:DYoucantravelfromEnglandtoFranceeasilyor__________,onceyouareinEurope.A.oppositeB.onthecontraryC.viceversaD.negatively正确答案:COnthetopwastheclearoutlineofagreatwolfsittingstill,ears（）,alert,listening.A.pointedB.pointingC.arepointedD.arepointing正确答案:AThewordsofhisoldteacherlefta_____impressiononhismind.Heisstillinfluencedbythem.A.longB.livelystingD.liberal正确答案:C79%ofparentssaynewfathersshouldgetmoreinformationsonbirth,breastfeedingandcaringforababy.A.错误B.正确正确答案:AThoughgrowninabigcity,Peteralwayspreferstopainttheprimitivescenesofcountrylife.A.错误B.正确正确答案:AAmajorityofmothersandfatherswanttosharechangingnappies,readingwiththeirkidsandtotaketheir childrentoseeadoctor.A.错误B.正确正确答案:AIdon'tknowhowhisparentsputuphisbehaviors.A.错误B.正确正确答案:A Bicyclingisthebestphysicalactivitybecauseitismostcomfortabletomostpeoplethanbriskwalking.A.错误B.正确正确答案:A Accessibilityattractsnotonlypeoplewithdisabilitiesbutalsotheirfamiliesandfriends.A.错误B.正确正确答案:BSuchisthecase,Ihavenootherchoices.A.错误B.正确正确答案:A1.HestillremembersbeingtakentoShanghaiwhenhewasveryyoung.A.错误B.正确正确答案:B StephenHawkingaretrueexamplesofpeoplewhorosetointernationalfameinspiteofphysicalhandicap .A.错误B.正确正确答案:BWhenpeoplebecomelessconfidentaboutthefuture,theywillcutbackontheiroutlaysandsavemoney.A.错误B.正确正确答案:B。

2018年四级试卷完整版第一部分：听力理解（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）Part I: Listening Comprehension (20 questions, 1 point each, total 20 points)本部分共有20个小题，你将听到一段对话和两篇独白，每段对话和独白听两遍。

请根据听到的内容选择正确答案。

1. A. Taking a photograph. B. Reading a book. C. Watching a movie. D.Listening to music.2. A. In a library. B. In a coffee shop. C. In a bookstore. D. In a classroom.3. A. 3 hours. B. 4 hours. C. 5 hours. D. 6 hours.4. A. In a hotel. B. In a restaurant. C. In a travel agency. D. In a post office.5. A. A new teacher. B. A new student. C. A new employee. D. A newcustomer.（以下省略）第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）Part II: Reading Comprehension (20 questions, 2 points each, total 40 points)本部分共有两篇短文，每篇短文后有五个问题。

请根据短文内容，选择正确答案。

Passage 1 Many students choose to study abroad for various reasons. Studying abroad allows students to experience a different culture, develop independence, and enhance their language skills. However, studying abroad can also be challenging. Students may have to adapt to a new education system, make new friends, and deal with homesickness.6.What are some benefits of studying abroad? A. Experiencing adifferent culture. B. Developing independence. C. Enhancing language skills. D.All of the above.7.What is one challenge of studying abroad? A. Adapting to a neweducation system. B. Making new friends. C. Dealing with homesickness. D. All of the above.（以下省略）第三部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）Part III: Writing (2 sections, total 40 points)本部分共有两节。

大工18秋《大学英语4》在线测试2Thefatherrepeatedly__________withthepoliceofficertosethisdaughterfree,holdingfir mtohisbeliefthatshewasinnocent.A.arguedB.protestedC.angeredD.pleaded参考答案:DCharlesregretted________theTVsetlastyear.Thepricehasnowgonedown.A.buyingB.tobuyC.ofD.from参考答案:ASince1999,thenumberofforeignstudentsatGermanuniversities________from113,000toalm ost200,000.A.hasincreasedB.aveincreasedC.areincreasedD.wasincreased参考答案:AWemighthavefailedifyou（）usahelpinghand.A.havenotgivenB.wouldnotgiveC.hadnotgivenD.didnotgive参考答案:CHehasjustarrived,buthetalksasifhe（）allaboutthat.A.knowB.knowsC.knownD.knew参考答案:DHiswordsare_________butthemeaningisdeep.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle参考答案:AWillyou_______meafavor,please?A.doB.makeC.bringD.giveThesoldiersrushedtowardthewalltofind________fromthebullets.A.preventB.safeC.shroudD.shelter参考答案:DThoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister_________,todayhewasmade_________byhislittles ister.A.cry;tocryB.crying;cryingC.cry;cryD.tocry;cry参考答案:AOnlyaverydelicatethermometercan________suchtinychangesintemperatureinapreciseway .A.countB.relateC.measureD.number参考答案:CThelawrequiresthateveryone（）hiscarcheckedatleastonceayear.A.hasB.hadC.haveD.willhave参考答案:CItwasonthebeach______MissWhitefoundthekidlyingdead.A.thatB.thisC.itD.which参考答案:AWhataheavyrain!Soitis.Iprefer（）ratherthan（）onsucharainyday.A.togoout;stayathomeB.tostayathome;gooutC.goingout;stayathomeD.stayingathome;goout参考答案:BEveryoneofthem________tiredandwantedagoodrest.A.seemsB.isseemedC.wasseemedD.seemedJimwenttogreat_____totrytopleasehisgirlfriend.A.botherB.lengthsC.waysD.troubles参考答案:BTheadvertisementwithcartoonanimationisdesignedto__________aworldwideattention,es peciallythatoftheyoungsters'.A.distractB.captureC.attackD.occupy参考答案:BTheownerandeditorofthenewspaper______theconference.A.wereattendingB.weretoattendC.istoattendD.aretoattend参考答案:C______intheUnitedStates,St.Louishasnowbecomethe24thlargestcity.A.ThefourthbiggestcityitwasB.OncethefourthbiggestcityC.BeingthefourthbiggestcityD.Itwasoncethefourthbiggestcity参考答案:BThechairmansuggestedthatwe_____themeetingtoaclosebysingingthenationalanthem.A.bringB.broughtC.bebringingD.wouldbring参考答案:ATheenergy______bythechainreactionistransformedintoheat.A.transferredB.releasedC.deliveredD.conveyed参考答案:BMrs.Andersonwenttogreatlengthstokeephersonfromgettingmixedupinsuchdreadfulthings .A.错误B.正确参考答案:BDr.Smithwasalwaysconcernedaboutthepoorandthesick,oftenprovidingthemwithfreemedicalcare.A.错误B.正确参考答案:BThishotel,ifnotwellmanaging,willyieldlittleprofit.A.错误B.正确参考答案:A Isuggestwestoppedandfoundshelterfromthewindandsnowforthenight.A.错误B.正确参考答案:A Thelocalgovernmentisworriedthatthedroughtinthisregioneveryyearmayleadtomanypeopl etobeforcedtoleavetheirhomes.A.错误B.正确参考答案:AManyoldmenpreferliveinapeacefulcountryside.A.错误B.正确参考答案:AIfoundaletterlyingonthefloorwhenIcameintotheclassroom.A.错误B.正确参考答案:BIhavereadthenewsoftoday.Howaboutoneofyesterday?A.错误B.正确参考答案:A Theoverallgoalofthebookistohelpbridgethegapbetweenresearchandteaching.A.错误B.正确参考答案:BThenewschoolyearisabouttobegin.A.错误B.正确参考答案:B。

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (单选题) 1: Neither Tom nor his parents ______ at home.A: isB: areC: hasD: was正确答案:(单选题) 2: There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _________ road conditions need ________.A: that; to be improvedB: which; to be improvedC: where; improvingD: when; improving正确答案:(单选题) 3: Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _________.A: who is heB: who he isC: who is itD: who it is正确答案:(单选题) 4: _____ she was very tired, she went on working.A: AsB: AlthoughC: EvenD: In spite of正确答案:(单选题) 5: I'll let you know ____ he comes back.A: beforeB: becauseC: as soon asD: although正确答案:(单选题) 6: Each of you ______ responsible for the accident.A: amB: beC: isD: are正确答案:(单选题) 7: Must I take a bus? No, you _____. You can walk there.A: must notB: may notC: don’t have toD: had better not to正确答案:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (单选题) 8: _____ you go, don't forget your people.A: WheneverB: HoweverC: WhereverD: Whichever正确答案:(单选题) 9: I got up early, but I _____ so because I had no work to do that morning.A: mustn’t have doneB: shouldn’t have doneC: needn’t have doneD: can’t have done正确答案:(单选题) 10: Had you listened to the doctor, you _____ all right now.A: areB: wereC: would beD: would have been正确答案:(单选题) 11: It is important that we _____ wild animals.A: will protectB: should protectC: shall protectD: are protecting正确答案:(单选题) 12: More than one worker ______ dismissed.A: have beenB: areC: has beenD: has正确答案:(单选题) 13: There ______ in this room.A: are too much furnitureB: is too many furnituresC: are too much furnituresD: is too much furniture正确答案:(单选题) 14: _____ the rain stops, we' ll set off for the station.A: BeforeB: UnlessC: As soon asD: Though正确答案:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (单选题) 15: I think it’s going to be a big problem. Yes, it could be. I wonder _________ we can do about it.A: ifB: howC: whatD: that正确答案:(单选题) 16: __________ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.A: WhatB: ThatC: ThisD: Which正确答案:(单选题) 17: Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.A: for whichB: for thatC: in whichD: what正确答案:(单选题) 18: I have two grammars, ______are of great use.A: all of whichB: either of whichC: both of thatD: both of which正确答案:(单选题) 19: Do you think he will help me? As far as I know, he is the last one to help others. He _____ be prepared to give you a hand, though.A: canB: mustC: mightD: should正确答案:(单选题) 20: The gas works ______ near the city.A: isB: areC: wereD: be正确答案:(单选题) 21: I learned a little Russian _____ I was at middle school.A: thoughB: although------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ C: as ifD: when正确答案:(单选题) 22: My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.A: whoB: whichC: thatD: it正确答案:(单选题) 23: Parents are taught to understand ________ important education is to their children’s future.A: thatB: howC: suchD: so正确答案:(单选题) 24: This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.A: after which I have lookedB: which I have looked afterC: that I have looked afterD: I have looked after正确答案:(单选题) 25: You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.A: /B: whyC: whenD: whose正确答案:(单选题) 1: Neither Tom nor his parents ______ at home.A: isB: areC: hasD: was正确答案:(单选题) 2: There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _________ road conditions need ________.A: that; to be improvedB: which; to be improvedC: where; improvingD: when; improving正确答案:(单选题) 3: Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _________.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ A: who is heB: who he isC: who is itD: who it is正确答案:(单选题) 4: _____ she was very tired, she went on working.A: AsB: AlthoughC: EvenD: In spite of正确答案:(单选题) 5: I'll let you know ____ he comes back.A: beforeB: becauseC: as soon asD: although正确答案:(单选题) 6: Each of you ______ responsible for the accident.A: amB: beC: isD: are正确答案:(单选题) 7: Must I take a bus? No, you _____. You can walk there.A: must notB: may notC: don’t have toD: had better not to正确答案:(单选题) 8: _____ you go, don't forget your people.A: WheneverB: HoweverC: WhereverD: Whichever正确答案:(单选题) 9: I got up early, but I _____ so because I had no work to do that morning.A: mustn’t have doneB: shouldn’t have doneC: needn’t have doneD: can’t have done正确答案:(单选题) 10: Had you listened to the doctor, you _____ all right now.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ A: areB: wereC: would beD: would have been正确答案:(单选题) 11: It is important that we _____ wild animals.A: will protectB: should protectC: shall protectD: are protecting正确答案:(单选题) 12: More than one worker ______ dismissed.A: have beenB: areC: has beenD: has正确答案:(单选题) 13: There ______ in this room.A: are too much furnitureB: is too many furnituresC: are too much furnituresD: is too much furniture正确答案:(单选题) 14: _____ the rain stops, we' ll set off for the station.A: BeforeB: UnlessC: As soon asD: Though正确答案:(单选题) 15: I think it’s going to be a big problem. Yes, it could be. I wonder _________ we can do about it.A: ifB: howC: whatD: that正确答案:(单选题) 16: __________ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.A: WhatB: ThatC: ThisD: Which正确答案:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (单选题) 17: Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.A: for whichB: for thatC: in whichD: what正确答案:(单选题) 18: I have two grammars, ______are of great use.A: all of whichB: either of whichC: both of thatD: both of which正确答案:(单选题) 19: Do you think he will help me? As far as I know, he is the last one to help others. He _____ be prepared to give you a hand, though.A: canB: mustC: mightD: should正确答案:(单选题) 20: The gas works ______ near the city.A: isB: areC: wereD: be正确答案:(单选题) 21: I learned a little Russian _____ I was at middle school.A: thoughB: althoughC: as ifD: when正确答案:(单选题) 22: My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.A: whoB: whichC: thatD: it正确答案:(单选题) 23: Parents are taught to understand ________ important education is to their children’s future.A: thatB: how------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ C: suchD: so正确答案:(单选题) 24: This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly. A: after which I have lookedB: which I have looked afterC: that I have looked afterD: I have looked after正确答案:(单选题) 25: You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.A: /B: whyC: whenD: whose正确答案:。

大工18秋《大学英语4》在线测试3一、单选题1.（）moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.TogiveB.HavinggivenC.GivenD.Giving正确答案:C2.Inprevioustimes,whenfreshmeatwasinshort______,pigeonswerekeptbymanyhouseholdsasaso urceoffood.A.storeB.provisionC.reserveD.supply正确答案:D3.Thelittlemanwas__________onemeterfiftyhigh.A.almostmorethanB.hardlymorethanC.nearlymorethanD.asmuchas正确答案:B4.Theyellowriverisn’tso（）astheChangJiangriver.A.longB.longestC.longerD.thelongest正确答案:A5.（）inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.ToloseB.LostC.HavinglostD.Losing正确答案:B6.He________asumofmoneyeverymonthtohelpthetwoorphans.A.setsasideB.setsupC.setsalongD.setsin正确答案:A7.Breadandbutter_________whatAmericansusuallyhaveforbreakfast.A.areB.isC.wasD.were正确答案:B8.Theinjuredinthetsunami（）goodcareofbysomemedicalteams.A.istakenB.arebeingtakenC.aretakingD.isbeingtaken正确答案:B9.Thiscrophassimilarqualitiestothepreviousone,______bothwind-resistantandadaptedtoth esametypeofsoil.A.beingB.beenC.tobeD.havingbeen正确答案:A10.Therearevariouskindsofmetals,each（）itsownproperties.A.hasB.hadC.tohaveD.having正确答案:D11.Johnismy（）friendofalltheclassmates.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest正确答案:C12.Themissingboyswerelastseen（）neartheriver.A.toplayB.playC.tobeplayingD.playing正确答案:D13.Itwon'tbelong__________thistheorywillbeprovedtobewrong.A.soonB.sinceC.afterD.before正确答案:D14.Walterofferedusaliftwhenhewasleavingtheoffice,butourwork（）,wedidn’taccepttheoffer.A.notbeingfinishedB.nothavingfinishedC.hadnotbeenfinishedD.wasnotfinished正确答案:A15.Foodwas________duringthefamine.Itwasoftenseenthatpeoplesoldtheirchildrenforasacko fcorn.A.availableB.lessC.fewD.scarce正确答案:D16.Theyoungladycomingovertous__________ourEnglishteacher;thewayshewalkstellsusthat!A.mustbeB.canbeC.wouldbeD.couldbe正确答案:A17.Beijingisoneof（）citiesinchina.A.verybeautifulB.muchbeautifulC.morebeautifulD.themostbeautiful正确答案:D18.YoucantravelfromEnglandtoFranceeasilyor__________,onceyouareinEurope.A.oppositeB.onthecontraryC.viceversaD.negatively正确答案:C19.Onthetopwastheclearoutlineofagreatwolfsittingstill,ears（）,alert,listening.A.pointedB.pointingC.arepointedD.arepointing正确答案:A20.Thewordsofhisoldteacherlefta_____impressiononhismind.Heisstillinfluencedbythem.A.longB.livelystingD.liberal正确答案:C二、判断题1.fparentssaynewfathersshouldgetmoreinformationsonbirth,breastfeedingandcaringforaba by.正确答案:A2.Thoughgrowninabigcity,Peteralwayspreferstopainttheprimitivescenesofcountrylife. 正确答案:A3.Amajorityofmothersandfatherswanttosharechangingnappies,readingwiththeirkidsandtota ketheirchildrentoseeadoctor.正确答案:A4.Idon'tknowhowhisparentsputuphisbehaviors.正确答案:A5.Bicyclingisthebestphysicalactivitybecauseitismostcomfortabletomostpeoplethanbriskw alking.正确答案:A6.Accessibilityattractsnotonlypeoplewithdisabilitiesbutalsotheirfamiliesandfriends. 正确答案:B7.Suchisthecase,Ihavenootherchoices.正确答案:A8.HestillremembersbeingtakentoShanghaiwhenhewasveryyoung.正确答案:B9.StephenHawkingaretrueexamplesofpeoplewhorosetointernationalfameinspiteofphysicalha ndicap.正确答案:B10.Whenpeoplebecomelessconfidentaboutthefuture,theywillcutbackontheiroutlaysandsavem oney.正确答案:B。

2018年12⽉⼤学英语四级（CET-4）真题试卷及参考答案第三套2018 年 12 ⽉英语四级真题第三套Part I Writing (30minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on The challenges of living in a big city. You should write at least120 words butno more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)说明：由于2018年12⽉四级考试全国共考了2套听⼒，本套真题听⼒与前2套内容完全⼀样，只是顺序不⼀样，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。

Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a wordbank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully beforemaking your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words inthe bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.A few months ago, I was down with a terrible cold which ended in a persistent bad cough. No matter how many different 26 I tried, I still couldn’t get rid of the cough. Not only did it 27 my teaching but also my life as a whole. Then one day after class, a student came up to me and 28 traditional Chinese medicine. From her description, Chinese medicine sounded as if it had magic power that worked wonders.I was 29 because I knew so little about it and have never it before. Eventually, my cough got so much 30 that I couldn’t sleep at night, so I decided to give it a try. The Chinese doctor took my pulse and asked to see my tongue, both of which were new 31 to me because they are both non-existent in Western medicine. Then the doctor gave me a scraping（刮）treatment known as “Gua Sha”.I was a little 32 at first because he used a smooth edged tool to scrape the skin on my neck and shoulders. A few minutes later, the 33 strokes started to produce a relieving effect and my body and mind began to 34 deeper into relaxation. I didn’t feel any improvement in my condition in the first couple of days, but after a few more regular visits to the doctor, my cough started to 35 . Then, within a matter of weeks, it was completely gone!A)DeepenB)ExperiencesC)HesitantD)InconvenienceE)LessenF)licensesG)PressuredH)HrecommendedI)RemediesJ)ScaredK)SensitiveL)SinkM)TemporaryN)TrembleO)worseSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of theparagraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information isderived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraphis marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Is it really OK to eat food that's fallen on the floorA)When you drop a piece of food on the floor, is it really OK to eat if you pick it up within five seconds? An urban food myth contends that if food spends just a few seconds on the floor, dirt and germs won’t have much of a chance to contaminate it. Researc h in my lab has focused on how food becomes contaminated, and we’ve done some work on this particular piece of wisdom.B)While the “five-second rule” might not seem like the most pressing issue for food scientists to get to the bottom of, it’s still worth in vestigating food myths like this one because they shape our beliefs about when food is safe to eat.C)So is five seconds on the floor the critical threshold（门槛）that separates a piece of eatable food from a case of food poisoning? It’s a bit more complicated than that. It depends on just how many bacteria can make it from floor to food in a few seconds and just how dirty the floor is.D)Wondering if food is still OK to eat after it’s dropped on the floor is a pretty common experience. And it’s probably not a new one either. A well-known, but inaccurate, story about Julia Child may have contributed to this food myth. Some viewers of her cooking show, The French Chef, insist they saw Child drop lamb onthe floor and pick it up, with the advice that if they were alone in the kitchen, their guests would never know.E)In fact it was a potato pancake, and it fell on the stovetop, not on the floor. Child put it back in the pan, saying, “But you can always pick it up and if you’re alone in the kitchen, who’s going to see it?” But the misremembered story persists. It’s harder to pin down the origins of the oft-quoted five-second rule, but a 2003 study reported that 70% of women and 56% of men surveyed were familiar with the five-second rule and that women were more likely than men to eat food that had dropped on the floor.F)So what does science tell us about what a few moments on the floor means for the safety of your food? The earliest research report on the five-second rule is attributed to Jillian Clarke, a high school student participating in a research project at the University of Illinois. Clarke and her colleagues introduced bacteria to floor tiles（瓷砖）and then placed cookies on the tiles for varying times. They reported bacteria were transferred from the tiles to the cook ies within five seconds, but didn’t report the specific amount of bacteria that made it from the tiles to the food.G)But how many bacteria actually transfer in five seconds? In 2007, my lab at Clemson University published a study in the Journal of Applied Microbiology. We wanted to know if the length of time food is in contact with a contaminated surface affected the rate of transfer of bacteria to the food. To find out, we introduced bacteria to squares of tile, carpet or wood. Five minutes after that, we placed either bacon or bread on the surface for 5,30 or 60 seconds, and then measured the number of bacteria transferred to the food. We repeated this exact procedure after the bacteria had been on the surface for 2,4,8 and 24 hours.H)We found that the number of bacteria transferred to either kind of food didn’t depend much on how long the food was in contact with the contaminated surface—whether for a few seconds or for a whole minute. The overall number of bacteria on the surface mattered more, and this decreased over time after the initial introduction. It looks like what’s at issue is less how long your food stays on the floor and much more how contaminated with bacteria that patch of floor happens to be.I)We also found that the kind of surface made a difference as well. Carpets, for instance, seem to be slightly better places to drop your food than wood or tile. When a carpet was contaminated, less than 1% of the bacteria were transferred. But when the food was in contact with tile or wood, 45-70% of bacteria were.J)Last year, a study from Aston University in the UK used nearly identical parameters（参数）to our study and found similar results. They also reported that 87% of people asked either would eat or had eaten food fallen on the floor.K)Should you eat food fallen on the floor then? From a food safety standpoint, if you have millions or more bacteria on a surface, 0.1% is still enough to make you sick. Also, certain types of bacteria are extremely harmful, and it takes only a smallnumber to make you sick. For example, 10 bacteria or less of an especially deadly strain of bacteria can cause severe illness and death in people with compromised immune systems. But the chance of these bacteria being on most surfaces is very low.L)And it’s not just dropping food on the floor that can lead to bacterial contamination. Bacteria are carried by various “media”, which can include raw food, moist surfaces where bacteria have been left, our hands or skin and from coughing or sneezing（打喷嚏）. Hands, foods and utensils（器⽫）can carry individual bacteria living in communities contained within a protective film. These microscopic layers of deposits containing bacteria are known as biofilms and they are found on most surfaces and objects. Biofilm communities can harbor bacteria longer and are very difficult to clean. Becteria in these communities also have an enhanced resistance to sanitizers（清洁剂）and antibiotics compared to bacteria living on their own.M)So the next time you consider eating fallen food, the odds are in your favor that you can eat it without getting sick. But in the rare chance that there is a micro-organism that there is a micro-organism that can make you sick on the exact spot where the food dropped, you can be fairly sure that the bug is on the food you are about to put in your mouth.N)Research or common sense tells us that the best thing to do is keep your hands, utensils and other surfaces clean.36.A research project found bacteria made their way to the food on the floor in five seconds.37.Whether food is contaminated depends much on the number of bacteria that get onto it.38.Food contamination may result from various factors other than food dropping on the floor.39.Males are less likely than females to eat food that may have been contaminated.40.The author’s research ce nters around how food gets contaminated.41.Keeping everything clean is the best way to stay healthy.42.Chances are you will not fall sick because of eating food picked up from the floor.43.For a long time people have had the experience of deciding whether or not to eat food picked up from the floor.44.Some strains of bacteria are so harmful that a tiny few can have deadly consequences.45.Researchers found how many bacteria got onto the food did not have much to do with how long the food stayed on a contaminated floor.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choiceand mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.The latest in cat research reveals that the lovely animal seems to have a basic grasp on both the laws of physics and the ins and outs of cause and effect.According to a newly published study, cats seem to be able to predict the location of hiding prey（猎物）using both their ears and an inborn（天⽣的）understanding of how the physical world works.In a recent experiment, Japanese researchers taped 30 domestic cats reacting to a container that a team member shook. Some containers rattled（发出响声）；others did not. When the container was tipped over, sometimes an object fell out and sometimes it didn’t.It turns out that the cats were remarkably smart about what would happen when a container was tipped over. When an object did not drop out of the bottom of a rattling container, they looked at it for a longer time than they did when the container behaved as expected.“Cats us e a causal-logical understanding of noise or sounds to predict the appearance of invisible objects,” lead researcher Saho Takagi says in a press release. The researchers conclude that cats’ hunting style may have developed based on their common-sense abilities to infer where prey is, using their hearing.Scientists have explored this idea with other endearing creatures: babies. Like cats, babies appear to engage in what’s called “preferential looking”—looking longer at things that are interesting or unusual than things they perceive as normal.When babies’ expectations are violated in experiments like the ones performed with the cats, they react much like their animal friends. Psychologists have shown that babies apparently expect their world to comply with the laws of physics and cause and effect as early as two months of age.Does the study mean that cats will soon grasp the ins and outs of cause and effect? Maybe. Okay, so cats may not be the next physics faculty members at America’s most important researc h universities. But by demonstrating their common sense, they’ve shown that the divide between cats and humans may not be that great after all.46. What do we learn from a newly published study about cats?A) They can be trained to understand the physical world.B) They know what kind of prey might be easier to hunt.C) They have a natural ability to locate animals they hunt.D) They are capable of telling which way their prey flees.47. What may account for the cats’ response to the noise from the containe rs?A) Their inborn sensitivity to noise.B) Their unusual sense of direction.C) Their special ability to perceive.D) Their mastery of cause and effect.48.What is characteristic of the way cats hunt, according to the Japanese researchers?A)They depend on their instincts.B)They rely mainly on their hearing.C) They wait some time before attack.D) They use both their ears and eyes.49. In what way do babies behave like cats?A) They focus on what appears odd.B) They view the world as normal.C) They do what they prefer to do.D) They are curious about everything.50. What can we conclude about cats from the passage?A) They have higher intelligence than many other animals.B) They interact with the physical world much like humans.C) They display extraordinarily high intelligence in hunting.D) They can aid physics professors in their research work.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Imagine you enter a car with no steering wheel, no brake or accelerator padals（踏板）. Under a voice-activated command, you say an address. “The fastest route will take us 15.3 minutes. Should I take it?” You say “yes” and you are on your way. The car responds and starts moving all by itself. All you have to do is sit back and relax.How weird would it be if, one day in the future, everyone had such a car? No crazy driving, no insults, no cutting in; traffic laws would be respected and driving much safer. On the other hand, imagine the cost savings for local police enforcement and town budgets without all those speeding and parking tickets.A new technology has the potential to change modern society in radical ways. There’s no question that self-driving vehicles could be an enormous benefit. The potential for safer cars means accident statistics would drop: some 94% of road accidents in the U.S. involve human error. Older drivers and visually-or physically-impaired people would gain a new level of freedom. Maintaining safe speeds and being electric, self-driving cars would drastically reduce pollution levels anddependency on non-renewable fuels. Roads would be quieter, people safer.But we must also consider the impact of the new technology on those who now depend on driving for their livelihoods. According to the U.S. Department of Labor, in May 2015 there were 505,560 registered school bus drivers. The American Trucking Association lists approximately 3.5 million professional truck drivers in the U.S.The companies developing self-driving vehicles should be partnering with state and federal authorities to offer retraining for this massive workforce, many of whom will be displaced by the new technology. This is similar to what’s happening in the coal and oil industries, a situation that fuels much of the current political discontent in this country.New technologies will, and should, be developed. This is how society moves forward. However, progress can’t be one-sided. It is necessary for the companies and state agencies involved to consider the ethical consequences of these potential changes to build a better future for all.51.What would be the impact of the extensive use of driverless cars?A)People would be driving in a more civilized way.B)It would save local governments a lot of money.C)More policemen would be patrolling the streets.D)Traffic regulations would be a thing of the past.52.How would the elderly and the disabled benefit from driverless cars?A)They could enjoy greater mobility.B)They would suffer no road accidents.C)They would have no trouble driving.D)They could go anywhere they want.53.What would be the negative impact of driverless cars?A)The conflict between labor and management would intensify.B)The gap between various sectors of society would be widened.C)Professional drivers would have a hard time adapting to new road conditions.D)Numerous professional drivers would have to find new ways of earning a living.54.What is the result of the introduction of new technologies in energy industries?A)Political dissatisfaction.B)Retraining of employees.C)Fossil fuel conservation.D)Business restructuring.55.What does the author suggest businesses and the government do?A)Keep pace with technological developments.B)Make new technologies affordable to everyone.C)Enable everyone to benefit from new technologies.D)Popularize the use of new technologies and devices.Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.过去⼏年⾥，移动⽀付市场在中国蓬勃发展。

2018 年 12 月英语四级真题第三套Part I Writing (30minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on The challenges of living in a big city. You should write at least120 words butno more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)说明：由于2018年12月四级考试全国共考了2套听力，本套真题听力与前2套内容完全一样，只是顺序不一样，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。

Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a wordbank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully beforemaking your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words inthe bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.A few months ago, I was down with a terrible cold which ended in a persistent bad cough. No matter how many different 26 I tried, I still couldn’t get rid of the cough. Not only did it 27 my teaching but also my life as a whole. Then one day after class, a student came up to me and 28 traditional Chinese medicine. From her description, Chinese medicine sounded as if it had magic power that worked wonders.I was 29 because I knew so little about it and have never it before. Eventually, my cough got so much 30 that I couldn’t sleep at night, so I decided to give it a try. The Chinese doctor took my pulse and asked to see my tongue, both of which were new 31 to me because they are both non-existent in Western medicine. Then the doctor gave me a scraping（刮）treatment known as “Gua Sha”.I was a little 32 at first because he used a smooth edged tool to scrape the skin on my neck and shoulders. A few minutes later, the 33 strokes started to produce a relieving effect and my body and mind began to 34 deeper into relaxation. I didn’t feel any improvement in my condition in the first couple of days, but after a few more regular visits to the doctor, my cough started to 35 . Then, within a matter of weeks, it was completely gone!A)DeepenB)ExperiencesC)HesitantD)InconvenienceE)LessenF)licensesG)PressuredH)HrecommendedI)RemediesJ)ScaredK)SensitiveL)SinkM)TemporaryN)TrembleO)worseSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of theparagraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information isderived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraphis marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Is it really OK to eat food that's fallen on the floorA)When you drop a piece of food on the floor, is it really OK to eat if you pick it up within five seconds? An urban food myth contends that if food spends just a few seconds on the floor, dirt and germs won’t have much of a chance to contaminate it. Researc h in my lab has focused on how food becomes contaminated, and we’ve done some work on this particular piece of wisdom.B)While the “five-second rule” might not seem like the most pressing issue for food scientists to get to the bottom of, it’s still worth in vestigating food myths like this one because they shape our beliefs about when food is safe to eat.C)So is five seconds on the floor the critical threshold（门槛）that separates a piece of eatable food from a case of food poisoning? It’s a bit more complicated than that. It depends on just how many bacteria can make it from floor to food in a few seconds and just how dirty the floor is.D)Wondering if food is still OK to eat after it’s dropped on the floor is a pretty common experience. And it’s probably not a new one either. A well-known, but inaccurate, story about Julia Child may have contributed to this food myth. Some viewers of her cooking show, The French Chef, insist they saw Child drop lamb onthe floor and pick it up, with the advice that if they were alone in the kitchen, their guests would never know.E)In fact it was a potato pancake, and it fell on the stovetop, not on the floor. Child put it back in the pan, saying, “But you can always pick it up and if you’re alone in the kitchen, who’s going to see it?” But the misremembered story persists. It’s harder to pin down the origins of the oft-quoted five-second rule, but a 2003 study reported that 70% of women and 56% of men surveyed were familiar with the five-second rule and that women were more likely than men to eat food that had dropped on the floor.F)So what does science tell us about what a few moments on the floor means for the safety of your food? The earliest research report on the five-second rule is attributed to Jillian Clarke, a high school student participating in a research project at the University of Illinois. Clarke and her colleagues introduced bacteria to floor tiles（瓷砖）and then placed cookies on the tiles for varying times. They reported bacteria were transferred from the tiles to the cook ies within five seconds, but didn’t report the specific amount of bacteria that made it from the tiles to the food.G)But how many bacteria actually transfer in five seconds? In 2007, my lab at Clemson University published a study in the Journal of Applied Microbiology. We wanted to know if the length of time food is in contact with a contaminated surface affected the rate of transfer of bacteria to the food. To find out, we introduced bacteria to squares of tile, carpet or wood. Five minutes after that, we placed either bacon or bread on the surface for 5,30 or 60 seconds, and then measured the number of bacteria transferred to the food. We repeated this exact procedure after the bacteria had been on the surface for 2,4,8 and 24 hours.H)We found that the number of bacteria transferred to either kind of food didn’t depend much on how long the food was in contact with the contaminated surface—whether for a few seconds or for a whole minute. The overall number of bacteria on the surface mattered more, and this decreased over time after the initial introduction. It looks like what’s at issue is less how long your food stays on the floor and much more how contaminated with bacteria that patch of floor happens to be.I)We also found that the kind of surface made a difference as well. Carpets, for instance, seem to be slightly better places to drop your food than wood or tile. When a carpet was contaminated, less than 1% of the bacteria were transferred. But when the food was in contact with tile or wood, 45-70% of bacteria were.J)Last year, a study from Aston University in the UK used nearly identical parameters（参数）to our study and found similar results. They also reported that 87% of people asked either would eat or had eaten food fallen on the floor.K)Should you eat food fallen on the floor then? From a food safety standpoint, if you have millions or more bacteria on a surface, 0.1% is still enough to make you sick. Also, certain types of bacteria are extremely harmful, and it takes only a smallnumber to make you sick. For example, 10 bacteria or less of an especially deadly strain of bacteria can cause severe illness and death in people with compromised immune systems. But the chance of these bacteria being on most surfaces is very low.L)And it’s not just dropping food on the floor that can lead to bacterial contamination. Bacteria are carried by various “media”, which can include raw food, moist surfaces where bacteria have been left, our hands or skin and from coughing or sneezing（打喷嚏）. Hands, foods and utensils（器皿）can carry individual bacteria living in communities contained within a protective film. These microscopic layers of deposits containing bacteria are known as biofilms and they are found on most surfaces and objects. Biofilm communities can harbor bacteria longer and are very difficult to clean. Becteria in these communities also have an enhanced resistance to sanitizers（清洁剂）and antibiotics compared to bacteria living on their own.M)So the next time you consider eating fallen food, the odds are in your favor that you can eat it without getting sick. But in the rare chance that there is a micro-organism that there is a micro-organism that can make you sick on the exact spot where the food dropped, you can be fairly sure that the bug is on the food you are about to put in your mouth.N)Research or common sense tells us that the best thing to do is keep your hands, utensils and other surfaces clean.36.A research project found bacteria made their way to the food on the floor in five seconds.37.Whether food is contaminated depends much on the number of bacteria that get onto it.38.Food contamination may result from various factors other than food dropping on the floor.39.Males are less likely than females to eat food that may have been contaminated.40.The author’s research ce nters around how food gets contaminated.41.Keeping everything clean is the best way to stay healthy.42.Chances are you will not fall sick because of eating food picked up from the floor.43.For a long time people have had the experience of deciding whether or not to eat food picked up from the floor.44.Some strains of bacteria are so harmful that a tiny few can have deadly consequences.45.Researchers found how many bacteria got onto the food did not have much to do with how long the food stayed on a contaminated floor.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choiceand mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.The latest in cat research reveals that the lovely animal seems to have a basic grasp on both the laws of physics and the ins and outs of cause and effect.According to a newly published study, cats seem to be able to predict the location of hiding prey（猎物）using both their ears and an inborn（天生的）understanding of how the physical world works.In a recent experiment, Japanese researchers taped 30 domestic cats reacting to a container that a team member shook. Some containers rattled（发出响声）；others did not. When the container was tipped over, sometimes an object fell out and sometimes it didn’t.It turns out that the cats were remarkably smart about what would happen when a container was tipped over. When an object did not drop out of the bottom of a rattling container, they looked at it for a longer time than they did when the container behaved as expected.“Cats us e a causal-logical understanding of noise or sounds to predict the appearance of invisible objects,” lead researcher Saho Takagi says in a press release. The researchers conclude that cats’ hunting style may have developed based on their common-sense abilities to infer where prey is, using their hearing.Scientists have explored this idea with other endearing creatures: babies. Like cats, babies appear to engage in what’s called “preferential looking”—looking longer at things that are interesting or unusual than things they perceive as normal.When babies’ expectations are violated in experiments like the ones performed with the cats, they react much like their animal friends. Psychologists have shown that babies apparently expect their world to comply with the laws of physics and cause and effect as early as two months of age.Does the study mean that cats will soon grasp the ins and outs of cause and effect? Maybe. Okay, so cats may not be the next physics faculty members at America’s most important researc h universities. But by demonstrating their common sense, they’ve shown that the divide between cats and humans may not be that great after all.46. What do we learn from a newly published study about cats?A) They can be trained to understand the physical world.B) They know what kind of prey might be easier to hunt.C) They have a natural ability to locate animals they hunt.D) They are capable of telling which way their prey flees.47. What may account for the cats’ response to the noise from the containe rs?A) Their inborn sensitivity to noise.B) Their unusual sense of direction.C) Their special ability to perceive.D) Their mastery of cause and effect.48.What is characteristic of the way cats hunt, according to the Japanese researchers?A)They depend on their instincts.B)They rely mainly on their hearing.C) They wait some time before attack.D) They use both their ears and eyes.49. In what way do babies behave like cats?A) They focus on what appears odd.B) They view the world as normal.C) They do what they prefer to do.D) They are curious about everything.50. What can we conclude about cats from the passage?A) They have higher intelligence than many other animals.B) They interact with the physical world much like humans.C) They display extraordinarily high intelligence in hunting.D) They can aid physics professors in their research work.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Imagine you enter a car with no steering wheel, no brake or accelerator padals（踏板）. Under a voice-activated command, you say an address. “The fastest route will take us 15.3 minutes. Should I take it?” You say “yes” and you are on your way. The car responds and starts moving all by itself. All you have to do is sit back and relax.How weird would it be if, one day in the future, everyone had such a car? No crazy driving, no insults, no cutting in; traffic laws would be respected and driving much safer. On the other hand, imagine the cost savings for local police enforcement and town budgets without all those speeding and parking tickets.A new technology has the potential to change modern society in radical ways. There’s no question that self-driving vehicles could be an enormous benefit. The potential for safer cars means accident statistics would drop: some 94% of road accidents in the U.S. involve human error. Older drivers and visually-or physically-impaired people would gain a new level of freedom. Maintaining safe speeds and being electric, self-driving cars would drastically reduce pollution levels anddependency on non-renewable fuels. Roads would be quieter, people safer.But we must also consider the impact of the new technology on those who now depend on driving for their livelihoods. According to the U.S. Department of Labor, in May 2015 there were 505,560 registered school bus drivers. The American Trucking Association lists approximately 3.5 million professional truck drivers in the U.S.The companies developing self-driving vehicles should be partnering with state and federal authorities to offer retraining for this massive workforce, many of whom will be displaced by the new technology. This is similar to what’s happening in the coal and oil industries, a situation that fuels much of the current political discontent in this country.New technologies will, and should, be developed. This is how society moves forward. However, progress can’t be one-sided. It is necessary for the companies and state agencies involved to consider the ethical consequences of these potential changes to build a better future for all.51.What would be the impact of the extensive use of driverless cars?A)People would be driving in a more civilized way.B)It would save local governments a lot of money.C)More policemen would be patrolling the streets.D)Traffic regulations would be a thing of the past.52.How would the elderly and the disabled benefit from driverless cars?A)They could enjoy greater mobility.B)They would suffer no road accidents.C)They would have no trouble driving.D)They could go anywhere they want.53.What would be the negative impact of driverless cars?A)The conflict between labor and management would intensify.B)The gap between various sectors of society would be widened.C)Professional drivers would have a hard time adapting to new road conditions.D)Numerous professional drivers would have to find new ways of earning a living.54.What is the result of the introduction of new technologies in energy industries?A)Political dissatisfaction.B)Retraining of employees.C)Fossil fuel conservation.D)Business restructuring.55.What does the author suggest businesses and the government do?A)Keep pace with technological developments.B)Make new technologies affordable to everyone.C)Enable everyone to benefit from new technologies.D)Popularize the use of new technologies and devices.Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.过去几年里，移动支付市场在中国蓬勃发展。

大工18秋《大学英语4》在线测试123(100分)答案:A1.XXX: who says what through which channel to whom。

2.Jean couldn't go to the concert last night because she was XXX。

3.He appeared to have been ill for a long time。

4.You should take advantage of this opportunity and try to make a good XXX。

5.As a public ns officer。

he is said to know some very XXX。

6.Would you rather I decided against buying a new bike。

7.I had XXX when I was in bed with a bad cold。

8.XXX。

9.It would be too risky to let your child go to school by himself.答案:C10.XXX的五岁孙女要求他戒烟，于是他决定要戒烟。

改写：XXX决定要戒烟，因为他的五岁孙女要求他这样做。

11.哲学系主任要求访问学者在XXX方面做一次演讲。

改写：哲学系主任请求访问学者做一次有关XXX的演讲。

12.我家到剧院只有100米，我们可以把车停在车库，步行前往。

改写：我们可以把车停在车库，因为我家离剧院只有短短的100米。

13.一位完全合格的________可以帮助不同的人克服语言障碍，像牛奶和水混合一样促进思想的交流。

改写：完全合格的________可以帮助不同的人克服语言障碍，从而实现思想的交流，就像牛奶和水混合一样。

14.如果医生早点来，可怜的孩子就不会躺在那里两个小时了。

改写：如果医生早点来，可怜的孩子就不会在那里躺两个小时了。