英美文学选读(00604)2020年8月真题答案解析

A. the rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek cultureB. the vast expansion of British colonies in North America C ．the new discoveries in geography and astrology D ．the religious reformation and the economic expansion10.Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the characteristics of Renaissance humanism? A. Cultivation of the art of this world and this life. B. Tolerance of human foibles.C. Search for the genuine flavor of ancient culture.D. Glorification of religious faith.11. The Renaissance marks a transition from ______ to the modern world.A. the old EnglishB. the medievalC. the feudalistD. the capitalist 12.The English Renaissance period was an age of ______ .A. poetry and dramaB. drama and novelC. novel and poetryD. romance and poetry 13.The most significant idea of the Renaissance is______.A. humanismB. realismC. naturalismD. skepticism 14．______ is the essence of the Renaissance.A ．PoetryB ．DramaC ．HumanismD ．Reason 15. About the Renaissance humanists which of the following statements is true? A. They thought money and social status was the measure of all things.B. They thought people were largely subordinated to the ruling class without any freedom and independence.C. They couldn’t see the human values in th eir works.D. They emphasized the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life. 16. One of the distinct features of the Elizabethan time is_____.A. the flourishing of the dramaB. the popularity of the realistic novelC. the domination of the classical poetryD. the close-down of all the theatres 17. _____ is known as the poets’ poet.A. SpenserB. MarloweC. MiltonD. Shakespeare18. Marlowe’s greatest achievement lies in that he perfected the _____and made it the principal medium of English drama.A. blank verseB. free verseC. heroic coupletD. sonnet 19. Which of the following descriptions of Gothic Novels is NOT correct? A. It predominated in the early eighteenth century.年级 班级 准考证号 姓名B. It was one phase of the Romantic movement.C. Its principal elements are violence, horror and the supernatural.D. Works like The Mysteries of Udolpho and Frankenstein are typical Gothic romance.20. “Byronic hero” is a figure of the following traits EXCEPT ______.A. being proudB. being of humble originC. being rebelliousD. being mysterious21. Robert Browning created ______ by adopting the novelistic presentation of characters.A. the verse novelB. the blank verseC. the heroic coupletD. the dramatic poetry22. Charles Dickens' novel ______ is famous for its vivid descriptions of the workhouse and life of the underworld in thenineteenth- century London.A. The Pickwick PaperB. Oliver TwistC. David CopperfieldD. Nicholas Nickleby23. Charlotte Bronte's works are all about the struggle of an individual consciousness towards ______ about some lonely and neglected young women with a fierce longing for love, understanding and a full, happy life.A. self - relianceB. self - realizationC. self - esteemD. self - consciousness24. The symbolic meaning of “Book” in Robert Browning's long poem The Ring and the Book is ______. A. the common sense B. the hard truth C. the comprehensive knowledge D. the dead truth25. Thomas Hardy's pessimistic view of life predominated most of his later works and earns him a reputation as a ______writer.A. realisticB. naturalisticC. romanticD. stylistic26. After the First World War, there appeared the following literary trends of modernism EXCEPT_____.A. expressionismB. surrealismC. stream of consciousnessD. black humour27. The masterpieces of critical realism in the early 20th century are the three trilogies of ______.A. Galsworthy's Forsyte novelsB. Hardy' s Wessex novelsC. Greene's Catholic novelsD. Woolf's stream-of-consciousness novels28. In the mid-1950s and early 1960s, there appeared “______” who demonstrated a particular disillu sion over the depressing situation in Britain and launched a bitter protest. against the outmoded social and political values in their society.A. The Beat GenerationB. The Lost GenerationC. The Angry Young MenD. Black Mountain Poets29.The following are English stream-of-consciousness novels EXCEPT ______.A.PilgrimageB. UlyssesC.Mrs.DallowayD. A Passage to Inida30. The leader of the Irish National Theater Movement in the early 20th century was ______.A. W.B.Yeats B. Lady GregoryC. J.M.SyngeD. John Galworthy31. T.S.Eliot's most popular verse play is ______.A. Murder in the CathedralB. The Cocktail PartyC. The Family ReunionD. The Waste Land32.The Petrarchan sonnet was first introduced into England by ______.A. SurreyB. WyattC. SidneyD. Shakespeare33. As the best of Shakespeare's final romances,______ is a typical example of his pessimistic view towards human life and society in his late years.A. The TempestB. The Winter's TaleC. CymbelineD. The Rape of Lucrece34. John Milton's greatest poetical work ______ is the only generally acknowledged epic in English literarure sinceBeowulf.A. AreopagiticaB. Paradise LostC. LycidasD. Samson Agonistes35. The British bourgeois or middle class believed in the following notions EXCEPT ______.A. self - esteemB. self - relianceC. self - restraintD. hard work36. Byron’s masterpieces is ________.A. Hours of idlenessB. The Prisoner of ChillonC. ManfredD. Don Juan37. The best model of satire in the whole English literary history is Jonathan Swift's ______.A. A Modest ProposalB. A Tale of a TubC. Gulliver's TravelsD. The Battle of the Books38. As a representative of the Enlightenment,______ was one of the first to introduce rationalism to England.A. John BunyanB. Daniel DefoeC. Alexander PopeD. Jonathan Swift39. For his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel,______ has been regarded by some as “Father of the English Novel”.A. Daniel DefoeB. Henry FieldingC. Jonathan SwiftD. Samuel Richardson40. In Renaissance, the European humanist thinkers made attempts to do the following EXCEPT ______.A. getting rid of those old feudalist ideasB. getting control of the parliament and governmentC. introducing new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisieD. recovering the purity of the early church, from the corruption of the Roman Catholic ChurchII. Reading Comprehension (16 points in all, 4 for each)Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English. Write your answers in thecorresponding space on the answer sheet.41. Wherefore feed and clothe and saveFrom the cradle to the graveThose ungrateful drones who wouldDrain your sweat- nay, drink your blood?Questions:A. Identify the poet and the title of the poem from which the stanza is taken.B. What figure of speech is used in Line 2?C. Whom does “drones” refer to?42. The following quotation is from one of the poems by T. S. Eliot:No! I am not Prince Hamlet, nor was meant to be;Am an attendant lord, one that will doTo swell a progress, start a scene or twoAdvise the prince; no doubt, an easy tool,Deferential, glad to be of use, Politic, cautious, and meticulous,Full of high sentence, but a bit obtuse;Questions:A. Identify the title of the poem from which the quoted part is taken.B. Who's the speaker of the quoted lines?C. What does the first line show about the speaker?43. When my motherdied I was very young,And my father sold me while yet my tongueCould scarcelycry " 'weep! 'weep! 'weep! 'weep!"So yourchimneys I sweep, in soot I sleep.Questions:A. Identify the poet.B. From which poem and which collection of the poet are these lines taken?C. What does the poet describe in the poem?44. In his first splendour valley, rock, or hill;Ne'er saw I, never felt, a calm so deep!The river glideth at his own sweet will:Dear God! the very houses seem asleep;And all that mighty heart is lying still!Questions:A. Identify the poet.B. What does “mighty heart” refer to?C. What moment is the poem trying to describe?III. Questions and Answers (24 points in all, 6 for each)Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.45. What is the difference between Romanticism and Neoclassicism?46. What are the fixed laws and rule on literature of the Neoclassical Period?47. What is Renaissance hero?48. What is the theme of Daniel Defoe’s work Robinson Crusoe?IV. Brief discussion (20 points in all, 10 for each)Give a brief discussion to each of the following questions in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. 49. Briefly discuss “William Shakespeare's artistic achievements in characterization, plot construction and language”.50. List at least two leading neoclassicists in England. What did Neoclassicists celebrate in literarycreation?答案：I.选择题(每小题1分，计40分)1-5 CBDAB 6-10 CBBBD 11-15 BAACD 20. AAAAB21-25ABBBB 26-30 DACDA 31-35 ABABB 36-40 DACBBII.阅读题（每小题4分，计16分）41. A. A Song: Men of England, Shelley （1分）B. Metonymy （1分）C. the male of the honey-bees that do not work, referring here to the parasiticclass in human society. （2分）42. A. The love song of J. Alfred Prufrock（1分）B. The speaker is Prufrock. （1分）C. neurotic, self-important, illogical and incapable of action. （2分）43. A. William Blake（1分）B. The Chimney Sweeper（1分）C. This poem describes the miserable life the little sweeper. （2分）44. A. William Worthwords（1分）B. London（1分）C. The quiet morning in London（2分）III.问答题（每小题6，计24分）45. Romanticism is associated with vitality, powerful emotion and dreamlikeideas.(3分)Neoclassicism is associated with order, common sense and controlled reason.(3分)46. A. Prose should be precise, direct, smooth and flexible. (2分)B. Poetry should be lyrical, epical, didactic, satiric or dramatic, and each classshould be guided by its own principles. (2分)C. Drama should be written in the Heroic Couplets. (2分)47. A Renaissance hero refers to one created by Christopher Marlowe in his drama. (2分)Such a hero is always individualistic and full of ambition, facing bravely thechallenge from both gods and men. (2分)He embodies Marlowe's humanistic ides of human dignity and capacity. (2分)48. (1) h is marvelous capacity for work; (2分)(2) his boundless energy and persistence in overcoming obstacles;(2分)(3) his hard struggle against nature and making all bend to his will.(2分)49. A. The Neoclassicism period was an important age with the remarkable authorsPope, Defoe, etc. (2分)B. 1) The Neoclassical period is about 1660-1798, also known as "the Age of Enlightenment" or "theage of Reason". (2分)2)In essence, the Neoclassical Period was a progressive intellectual movement. (2分)3)The Enlighteners believed in self-restraint, self-reliance and hard work; They celebratedreason/rationality, equality and science. They advocated universal education, which could makepeople rational and prefect, they believed. (2分)4)In literature, The Enlightenment Movement brought about a revival of interest in the ancientGreek and Roman classical works; the works at the time, heavily didactic and moralizing; having fixed laws and rules for every type of the literature; among which prose and the modern English novel predominated the age. (2分)50. A. Characterization:a. Shakespeare's major characters are neither merely individual ones nor type ones;they areindividuals representing certain types. Each character has his or her own personalities. (2分)b. By applying a psycho-analytical approach, Shakespeare succeeds in exploring the characters'inner mind. c. Shakespeare also prtrays his characters in pairs. Contrasts are frequently used tobring vividness to his characters. (2分)B. Construction:a. Shakespeare's plays are well-known for their adroit plot construction. He borrows them fromsome old plays or storybooks, or from ancient Greek and Roman sources. (2分)b. He would shorten the time and intensify the story. There are usually several threads runningthrough the play.(2分)C. Language and style:Irony is a good means of dramatic presentation. Disguise is also an important device to createdramatic irony, usually with woman disguised as man. (2分)。

全国202X年4月高等教育自学考试英美文学选读真题课程代码：00604Ⅰ.Multiple Choice (40 points in all, 1 for each)Select from the four choices A],B],C],Dof each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement and write the letter on the answer sheet.1.Romance,which uses narrative verse or prose to tell stories of ___ adventures or other heroic deeds, is a popular literary form in the medieval period.A.ChristianB.knightlyC.GreekD.primitive2.Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of ___.A.Piers PlowmanB.Sir Gawain and the Green KnightC.Confessio AmantisD.The Canterbury Tales3.Which of the following historical events does not directly help to stimulate the rising of the Renaisssance MovementA.The rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman culture.B.The new discoveries in geography and astrology.C.The Glorious revolution.D.The religious reformation and the economic expansion.4.Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare's Sonnet 18A.The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.B.The speaker satirizes human vanity.C.The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.D.The speaker meditates on man's salvation.5.“And we will sit upon the rocks,/Seeing the shepherds feed their flocks,/By shallow rivers towhose falls/Melodious birds sing madrigals.〞The above lines are probably taken from __.A.Spenser's The Faerie QueeneB.John Donne's “The Sun Rising〞C.Shakespeare's “Sonnet 18〞D.Marlowe's “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love〞6.“Bassanio:Antonio,I am married to a wifeWhich is as dear to me as life itself;But life itself, My wife, and all the world.Are not with me esteem'd above thy life;I would lose all, ay, sacrifice them all,Here to the devil, to deliver you.Portia:Your wife would give you little thanks for that,If she were by to hear you make the offer.〞The above is a quotation taken from Shakespeare's comedy The Merchant of Venice.The quoted part can be regarded as a good example to illustrate ____.A.dramatic ironyB.personificationC.allegoryD.symbolism7.The ture subject of John Donne's poem,“The Sun Rising,〞is to ___.A.attack the sun as an unruly servantB.give compliments to the mistress and her power of beautyC.criticize the sun's intrusion into the lover's private lifeD. lecture the sun on where true royalty and riches lie8.Of all the 18th century novelists Henry Fielding was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specifically a “___ in prose,〞the first to give the modern novel its structure and style.A.tragic epic B ic epicC.romanceD.lyric epic9.The Houyhnhnms depicted by Jonathan Swift in Gulliver's Travels are ___.A.horses that are endowed with reasonB.pigmies that are endowed with admirable qualitiesC.giants that are superior in wisdomD.hairy,wild, low and despicable creatures, who resemble human beings not only in appearance but also in some other ways.10.Here are four lines from a literary work:“Others for language all their care express,/And value books,as women men, for dress.〞The work is ___.A.Thomas Gray's “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard〞B.John Milton's Paradise LostC.Alexander Pope's Essay on CriticismD.Shakespeare's Midsummer Night's Dream11.The phrase “to urge people to abide by Christian doctrines and to seek salvation throughconstant struggles with their own weaknesses and all kinds of social evils〞may well sum up the implied meaning of ___.A.Gulliver's TravelsB.The Rape of the LockC.Robinson CrusoeD.The pilgrim's Progress12.William Wordsworth, a romantic poet, advocated all the following EXCEPT ___.A.the use of everyday language spoken by the common peopleB.the expression of the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelingsC.the use of humble and rustic life as subject matterD.the use of elegant wording and inflated figures of speech13.Which of the following is taken from John Keats’“Ode on a Grecian Urn〞A.“I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!〞B.“They are both gone up to the church to pary.〞C.“Earth has not anything to show more fair.〞D.“Beauty is truth, truth beauty〞.14.“If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind!〞is an epigrammatic line by __.15.“Ode o na Grecian Urn〞shows the contrast between the ___ of art and the ___ of humanpassion.A.glory …uglinessB.permanence…transienceC.transience…sordidnessD.glory…permanence16.In the statement“—oh,God! would you like to live with your soul in the grave〞the term“soul〞apparently refers to ___.A.Heathcliff himselfB.CatherineC.one's spiritual lifeD.one's ghost17.The typical feature of Robet Browning's poetry is the ___.A.bitter satirerger-than-life caricaturetinized dictionD.dramatic monologue18.The Victorian Age was largely an age of ____,eminently represented by Dickens and Thackeray.A.poetryB.dramaC.proseD.epic prose19.___is the first important governess novel in the English literary history.A.Jane EyreB.EmmaC.Wuthering HeightsD.Middlemarch20.The major concern of ______ fiction lies in the tracing of the psychological development ofhis characters and in his energetic criticism of the dehumanizing effect of the capitalist industrialization on human nature.wrence'sB.J.Galsworthy'sC.W.Thackeray’sD.T.Hardy’s21.___is considered to be the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare, and his representative works are plays inspired by social criticism.A.Richard SheridanB.Oliver GoldsmithC.Oscar WildeD.Bernard Shaw22.Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of ModernismA.To elevate the individual and inner being over the social being.B.To put the stress on traditional values.C.To portray the distorted and alienated relationships between man and his environment.D.To advocate a conscious break with the past.23.The Romantic writers would focus on all the following issues EXCEPT the ___ in the Americanliterary histrory.A.individual feelingsB.idea of survival of the fittestC.strong imaginationD.return to nature24.Henry David Thoreau's work,__,has always been regarded as a masterpiece of New EnglandTranscendentalism.A.WaldenB.The pioneersC.NatureD.Song of Myself25.The famous 20-years sleep in “Rip Van Winkle〞helps to construct the story in such a waythat we are greatly affected by Irving's ___.A.concern with the passage of timeB.expression of transient beautyC.satire on laziness and corruptibility of human beingsD.idea about supernatural manipulation of man's life26.Walt whitman was a pioneering figure of American poetry. His innovation first of all lies in hisuse of __,poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.A.blank verseB.heroic coupletC.free verseD.iambic pentameter27.The literary characters of the American type in early 19th century are generally characterized byall the following features EXCEPT that they ___.A.speak local dialectsB.are polite and elegant gentlemenC.are simple and crude farmersD.are noble savages( red and white) untainted by society28.Hester Pryme, Dimmsdale,Chillingworth and Pearl are most likely the names of the charactersin ___.A.The Scarlet LetterB.The House of the Seven GablestC.The Portrait of a LadyD.The pioneers29.“This is my letter to the World〞is a poetic expression of Emily Dickinson's __ about hercommunication with the outside world.A.indifferenceB.angerC.anxietyD.sorrow30.With Howells,James,and Mark Twain active on the literary scene, __ became the major trendin American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19th century.A.sentimentalismB.romanticismC.realismD.naturalism31.After The adventures of Tom Sawyer, Twain gives a literary independence to Tom's buddy Huckin a book entitled ___.A.Life on the MississippiB.The Gilded AgeC.The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnD.A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court32.However,___,the keynote of Daisy Miller's character,turns out to be an admiring but adangerous quality and her defiance of social taboos in the Old World finally brings her to a disaster in the clash between two different cultures.A.experienceB.sophisticationC.worldlinessD.innocence33.Generally speaking,all those writers with a naturalistic approach to human reality tend to be ___.A.transcendentalistsB.idealistsC.pessimistsD.impressionists34.Emily Dickinson wrote many short poems on various aspects of life.Which of the following isNOT a usual subject of her poetic expressionA.Religion and immortality.B.Life and death.C.Love and marriage.D.War and peace.35.In “After Apple-Picking,〞Robert Frost wrote:“For I have had too much/Of applepicking:I amovertired/Of the great harvest I myself desired.〞From these lines we can conclude that the speaker is ___.A.happy about the harvestB.still very much interested in apple-pickingC.expecting a greater harvestD.indifferent to what he once desired36.Chinese poetry and philosophy have exerted great influence over ____.A.Ezra PoundB.Ralph Waldo EmersonC.Robert FrostD.Emily Dickinson37.The Hemingway Code heroes are best remembered for their __.A.indestructible spirtieB.pessimistic view of lifeC.war experiencesD.masculinity38.IN The Emperor Jones and T he Hairy Ape,O'Neill adopted the expressionist techniques toportray the ___ of human beings in a hostile universe.A.helpless situationB.uncertaintyC.profound religious faithD.courage and perseverance39.In Hemingway's “Indian Cmap〞,Nick's night trip to the Indian village and his experienceinside the hut can be taken as ____.A.an essential lesson about Indian tribesB.a confrontation with evil and sinC.an initiation to the harshness of lifeD.a learning process in human relationship40.which of the following statements about Emily Grierson, the protagonist in Faulkner's story“A Rose for Emily,〞is NOT trueA.She has a distorted personality.B.She is physically deformed and paralyzed.C.She is the symbol of the old values of the South.D.She is the victim of the past glory.PART TWOⅡ.Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 for each)Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.41.“Her eyes met his and he looked away.He neither believed nor diXelieved her,but he knew thathe had made a mistake in asking;he never had known,never would know,what she was thinking.The sight of her inscrutable face,the thought of all the hundreds of evenings he had seen her sitting there like that,soft and passive,but so unreadable, unknown, enraged him beyond measure.〞Questions:A.Identify the writer and the work.B.What does the phrase “inscrutable face〞meanC.What idea does the quoted passage express42.“And when I am formulated,sprawling on a pin,When I am pinned and wriggling on the wall.Then how should beginTo spit out all the butt-ends of my days and ways.〞Questions:A.Identify the poem and the poet.B.What does the phrase “butt-ends〞meanC.What idea does the quoted passage express43.“God knows,…I'm not myself—I'm somebody else—…and I'm changed,and I can't tell what'smy name,or who I am.〞Questions:A.Identify the work and the author.B.The speaker says he is changed.Do you think he is changed, or the social environment haschangedC.What idea does the quoted sentence express44.“I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the difference.〞Questions:A.Idenfity the poem and the poet.B.What does the phrase “ages and ages hence〞meanC.What idea does the quoted passage expressⅢ.Questions and Answers(24 points in all, 6 for each)Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English.Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.45.As a rule,an allegory is story in verse or prose with a double meaning: a surface meaning,and animplied meaning.List two works as examples of allegory.What is an allegory usually concerned with by its implied meaning46.Inspiration for the romantic approach initially came from two great shapers of thought.Who arethe twoAnd what ideas they expressed inspire the romantic writers47.The white whale,Moby Dick,is the most important symbol in Melville's novel.What symbolicmeaning can you draw from it48.Nature is a philosophic work, in which Emerson gives an explicit discussion on his idea of theQversoul.What is your understanding of Emersonian “Oversoul〞Ⅳ.Topic Discussion(20 points in all, 10 for each)Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.49.How is Romanticism different from NeoclassicismProvide brief evidence from the literaryworks you know best.50.Summerize the story of Mark twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn in about 100words,and comment on the theme of the novel.全国202X年4月高等教育自学考试英美文学选读真题答案课程代码：00604Ⅰ.Multiple Choice(40 points in all,1 for each)1.B2.D3.C4.C5.D6.A7.B8.B9.A 10.C11.D 12.D 13.D 14.D 15.B16.B 17.D 18.C 19.A 20.A21.D 22.B 23.B 24.A 25.A26.C 27.B 28.A 29.C 30.C31.C 32.D 33.C 34.D 35.D36.A 37.A 38.A 39.C 40.BⅡ.Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 for each)41.A.John Galasworthy:The Man of Property.B.A face does not show any emotion or reaction so that it is impossible to know how thatperson is feeling or what he is thinking about.C.it presents the inner mind of Soames in face of his wife's coldness.He can never knowwhat is on his wife's mind because the makeup of his and her mentality is different. Hiswife Irene, whose mind is romantically inclined, is disgusted with her huXand'spossessiveness. Being unable to read his wife's mind is as good as saying that he reallycan't regard her as his property- this is the very reason why he is enraged beyondmeasure.42.A.T.S.Eliot:“The Love Song of J.Alfred Pruforck.〞B.The ends of cigarettes,meaning trivial things here.C.Here,Prufrock's inability to do anything against the society he is in is made strikinglyclear by using a sharp comparison .Prufrock imagines himself as a kind of insect pinnedon the wall and struggling in vain to get free.This image vividly shows Prufrock's currentpredicament.43.A.Washington Irving:“Rip Van Winkle〞.B.The social environment is changed.C.When Rip is back home after a period of 20 years,he finds thta everything has changed.Allthose old values are gone,and he can hardly feel at home in a changed society.One of thefunctions that Rip serves in the story is to provide a measuring stick for change. It isthrough him that Irving drives home the theme that a desire for change,improvement,andprogress could subvert stable society.44.A.Robert Frost:“The Road Not Taken〞.B.Many many years later.C.The speaker is telling his experience of making the choice of the roads.But he isconscious of the fact that his choice will have made all the difference in his life.Heseems to be giving a suggestion to the reader.“Make good choice of your life.〞Ⅲ.Questions and Answers (24 points in all,6 for each)45.A.Buyan's pilgrim's Progress and Spenser's The Faerie Queene.B.It is usually concerned with moral ,religious,political,symbolic or mythical ideas.46.A.The French philosopher,Jean Jacques Rousseau and the German writer Johna Wolfgan vonGoethe.B.It is Rousseau who established the cult of the individual and championed the freedom of thehuman spirit;his famous announcement was “I felt before I thought.〞Goethe and hiscompatriots extolled the romantic spirit.47.A.To Ahab,the whale is either an evil creature itself or the agent of an evil force that controlsthe universe,or perhaps both.B.To Ishmale,the whale is an astonishing force,an immense power,which defies rationalexplanation due to a sense of mystery it carries. It is beautiful,but malignant at the same time.It also represents the tremendous organic vitality of the universe,for it has a life force that surges onward irresistibly, impervious to the desires or wills of men.C.As to the reader, the whale can be viewed as a symbol of the physical limits that lifeimposes upon man. It may also be regarded as a symbol of nature, or an instrument of God's vengeance upon evil man. In general,the multiplicity and ambivalence of the symbolic meaning of the whale is such that it becomes a source of intense speculation, an object or profound curiosity for the reader.48.A.The Oversoul is believed to be an all-pervading power for goodness,omnipresent andomnipotent from which all things come and of which all are a part. It exists in nature andman alike and constitutes the chief element of the universe.B.According to Emerson,it is a supreme reality of mind, a spiritual unity of all beings, and areligion regarded as an emotional communication between an individual soul and theuniversal Over-soul of which it is a part.C.He holds that intuition is a more certain way of knowing than reason and that the mindcould intuitively perceive the existence of the Oversoul and of certain absolutes.Ⅳ.Topic Discussion (20 points in all, 10 for each)49.a.Neoclassicists upheld that artistic ideals should be order,logic,restrained emoticon andaccuracy,and that literature,should be judged in terms of its service to humanity,and thus,literary expressions should be of proportion,unity,harmony and grace.Pope's An Essay on Criticism advocates grace,wit (usually though satire/humour),and simplicity in language(and the poem itself is a demonstration of those ideals,too);Fielding's Tom Jones helped establish the form of novel;Gray's “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard' displays elegance in style,unified structure,serious tone and moral instructions.b.Romanticists tended to see the individual as the very center of all experience,includingart,and thus,literary work should be “spontaneous overflow of strong feelings,〞and no matter how fragmentary those experiences were (Wordsworth's “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud,〞or “The Solitary Reaper,) or Coleridge's “Keble Khan〞),the value of the work lied in the accuracy of presenting those unique feelings and particular attitudes.c.In a word, Neoclassicism emphasized rationality and form but Romanticism attached greatimportance to the individual's mind (emotion, imagination, temporary experience…)50.A.Mark Twain's novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a Sequa to The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.The Story takes place along the Mississippi River before the Civil War in the United States, around 1850.Along the river, floats a small raft, with two people on it; One is an ignorant,uneducated black slave named Jim and the other is little uneducated outcast white boy about the age of thirteen, called Huckleberry Finn or Huck Finn.The novel relates the story of the escape of Jim from slavery and ,more important, how Huck Finn, floating along with Jim and helping him as best he could, changes his mind ,his prejudice, about Black people, and comes to accept Jim as a man and as a close friends as well.During their journey, they experience a series of adventures:coming across two frauds, the “Duke〞and the “King〞,witnessing the lynching and murder of a harmless drunkard, being lost in a fog and finally Tom's coming to rescue.B. The theme of the novel may be best summed in a word “freedom〞: Huck wants to escape fromthe bond of civilization and Jim wants to escape from the yoke of slavery. Mark Twain uses the raft's journey down the Mississippi River to express his thematic contrasts between innocence and experience, nature and culture, wilderness and civilization.全国202X年4月自学考试英美文学选读真题答案课程代码：00604Ⅰ.Multiple Choice(40 points in all,1 for each)1.B2.D3.C4.C5.D6.A7.B8.B9.A 10.C11.D 12.D 13.D 14.D 15.B16.B 17.D 18.C 19.A 20.A21.D 22.B 23.B 24.A 25.A26.C 27.B 28.A 29.C 30.C31.C 32.D 33.C 34.D 35.D36.A 37.A 38.A 39.C 40.BⅡ.Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 for each)41.A.John Galasworthy:The Man of Property.B.A face does not show any emotion or reaction so that it is impossible to know how that person is feeling or what he is thinking about.C.it presents the inner mind of Soames in face of his wife's coldness.He can never know what is on his wife's mind because the makeup of his and her mentality is different. His wife Irene, whose mind is romantically inclined, is disgusted with her huXand's possessiveness. Being unable to read his wife's mind is as good as saying that he really can't regard her as his property- this is the very reason why he is enraged beyond measure.42.A.T.S.Eliot:“The Love Song of J.Alfred Pruforck.〞B.The ends of cigarettes,meaning trivial things here.C.Here,Prufrock's inability to do anything against the society he is in is made strikingly clear by using a sharp comparison .Prufrock imagines himself as a kind of insect pinned on the wall and struggling in vain to get free.This image vividly shows Prufrock's current predicament.43.A.Washington Irving:“Rip Van Winkle〞.B.The social environment is changed.C.When Rip is back home after a period of 20 years,he finds thta everything has changed.Allthose old values are gone,and he can hardly feel at home in a changed society.One of the functions that Rip serves in the story is to provide a measuring stick for change. It is through him that Irving drives home the theme that a desire for change,improvement,and progress could subvert stable society.44.A.Robert Frost:“The Road Not Taken〞.B.Many many years later.C.The speaker is telling his experience of making the choice of the roads.But he is conscious of the fact that his choice will have made all the difference in his life.He seems to be giving a suggestion to the reader.“Make good choice of your life.〞Ⅲ.Questions and Answers (24 points in all,6 for each)45.A.Buyan's pilgrim's Progress and Spenser's The Faerie Queene.B.It is usually concerned with moral ,religious,political,symbolic or mythical ideas.46.A.The French philosopher,Jean Jacques Rousseau and the German writer Johna Wolfgan von Goethe.B.It is Rousseau who established the cult of the individual and championed the freedom of the human spirit;his famous announcement was “I felt before I thought.〞Goethe and his compatriots extolled the romantic spirit.47.A.To Ahab,the whale is either an evil creature itself or the agent of an evil force that controls the universe,or perhaps both.B.To Ishmale,the whale is an astonishing force,an immense power,which defies rational explanation due to a sense of mystery it carries. It is beautiful,but malignant at the same time. It also represents the tremendous organic vitality of the universe,for it has a life force that surges onward irresistibly, impervious to the desires or wills of men.C.As to the reader, the whale can be viewed as a symbol of the physical limits that life imposes upon man. It may also be regarded as a symbol of nature, or an instrument of God's vengeance upon evil man. In general,the multiplicity and ambivalence of the symbolic meaning of the whale is such that it becomes a source of intense speculation, an object or profound curiosity for the reader.48.A.The Oversoul is believed to be an all-pervading power for goodness,omnipresent and omnipotent from which all things come and of which all are a part. It exists in nature and manalike and constitutes the chief element of the universe.B.According to Emerson,it is a supreme reality of mind, a spiritual unity of all beings, and a religion regarded as an emotional communication between an individual soul and the universal Over-soul of which it is a part.C.He holds that intuition is a more certain way of knowing than reason and that the mind could intuitively perceive the existence of the Oversoul and of certain absolutes.Ⅳ.Topic Discussion (20 points in all, 10 for each)49.a.Neoclassicists upheld that artistic ideals should be order,logic,restrained emoticon and accuracy,and that literature,should be judged in terms of its service to humanity,and thus,literary expressions should be of proportion,unity,harmony and grace.Pope's An Essay on Criticism advocates grace,wit (usually though satire/humour),and simplicity in language(and the poem itself is a demonstration of those ideals,too);Fielding's Tom Jones helped establish the form of novel;Gray's “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard' displays elegance in style,unified structure,serious tone and moral instructions.b.Romanticists tended to see the individual as the very center of all experience,including art,and thus,literary work should be “spontaneous overflow of strong feelings,〞and no matter how fragmentary those experiences were (Wordsworth's “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud,〞or “The Solitary Reaper,) or Coleridge's “Keble Khan〞),the value of the work lied in the accuracy of presenting those unique feelings and particular attitudes.c.In a word, Neoclassicism emphasized rationality and form but Romanticism attached great importance to the individual's mind (emotion, imagination, temporary experience…) 50.A.Mark Twain's novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a Sequa to The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.The Story takes place along the Mississippi River before the Civil War in the United States, around 1850.Along the river, floats a small raft, with two people on it; One is an ignorant,uneducated black slave named Jim and the other is little uneducated outcast white boy about the age of thirteen, called Huckleberry Finn or Huck Finn.The novel relates the story of the escape of Jim from slavery and ,more important, how Huck Finn, floating along with Jim and helping him as best he could, changes his mind ,his prejudice, about Black people, and comes to accept Jim as a man and as a close friends as well.During their journey, they experience a series of adventures:coming across two frauds, the “Duke〞and the “King〞,witnessing the lynching and murder of a harmless drunkard, being lost in a fog and finally Tom's coming to rescue.B. The theme of the novel may be best summed in a word “freedom〞: Huck wants to escape from the bond of civilization and Jim wants to escape from the yoke of slavery. Mark Twain uses the raft's journey down the Mississippi River to express his thematic contrasts between innocence and experience, nature and culture, wilderness and civilization.。

《英美文学选读》期末考试A卷姓名:学号：专业：学习中心：成绩：1. “To be, or not to be?” is uttered by whom? How to understand this famous saying?2. What are the topics discussed in Bacon's essay Of studies?3. What are the writing techniques used in Mark Twain’s short story “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County”?4. What are the symbolic meanings of a clean, well-lighted place in Earnest Hemingway's short story “A Clean, Well-lighted Place”?5.What is the major theme discussed in Faulkner’s “Barn Burning”?1. “To be, or not to be?” is uttered by whom? How to understand this famous saying?Originally from Shakespeare’s Hamlet,this is a line of Prince Hamlet,which means that he has to make a choice between survival and death.2. What are the topics discussed in Bacon's essay Of studies?Francis Bacon (1561-1626),British philosopher,thinker writer and scientist.The theme of his thesis is the progressive through of advocating science and the progressive slogan of advocating knowledge .He also studied logic ,aesthetics, pedagogy and other aspects of thought.3. What are the writing techniques used in Mark Twain’s short story “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County”?Writing techniquesThe use of suspense and sudden turn:the author uses the theory of defamiliarization ,suspense and turn to describe the life of gamblers engaged in cock fighting and dog fighting .The describe perspective is unique , the conception is novel, the aesthetic time is prolonged,and the aesthetic effect is enhanced . The defamiliarization theory is cleverly used in the novel, which makes the ugly appearance of gambling show the original shape. The author reveals people’s gambling mentality,gambling’s bad result incisively and vividly.Narrative skillsAt he beginning of the novel , the narrator is the first person “I”.Entrusted by his friends, he goes to visit Simon Wheeler , a good-natured and talkative man, and inquires about the whereabouts of Leonidas W.smiley, a friend of “my” friend. As readers read this , they may think that the next step is to describe the story between “me”and Simon Wheeler. Unexpectedly, as the novel progressed,“I”suddenly disappeared,and the narrator of the story turned to Simon Weiler,who regardless of the cold response of “I”,kept on telling “I”the anecdote of gambler Jim smiley . “I”transferred the right of narration and became the same story audience as the readers.4.What are the symbolic meanings of a clean, well-lighted place in Earnest Hemingway's short story “A Clean, Well-lighted Place”?This article mainly explores the image of the old man from the description of the old man’s own behavior and the contrast between the words and deeds of the two waiters,and explores the theme of the tough man spirit hidden under the surface of the nothingness.5.What is the major theme discussed in Faulkner’s “Barn Burning”?Burning barn burn useless things ,burn off extra things in the world. The “burning b arn” become the image of a multilayer nested , it look part in the crime of a serial killer,and becoming the image express anger “combustion”distance “poem”has been eight years compared with“poem”,“burning”of literature to test obviously much more subtle.。

全国2019年4月高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试题课程代码：00604全部题目用英文作答，并将答案写在答题纸相应位置上，否则不计分。

PART ONE （40 POINTS）Ⅰ.Multiple Choice (40 points in all, 1 for each)Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Write your correct answer on the answer sheet.1.“And we will sit upon the rocks, /Seeing the shepherds feed their flocks,/By shallow rivers to whose falls/Melodious birds sing madrigals.” The above lines are t aken from ______.A. Milton’s Paradise LostB. Marlowe’s “The Passionate shepherd to His Love”C. Shakespeare’s “Sonnet 18”D. John Donne’s “The Sun Rising”2.The English Renaissance period was an age of ______ .A. poetry and dramaB. drama and novelC. novel and poetryD. romance and poetry3.Here are four lines taken from Edmund Spenser’s The Faerie Queene: “But on his brest a bloudie Crosse he bore,/The deare remembrance of his dying Lord,/For whose sweete sake that glorious badge he w ore,/And dead as living ever him adored.” Who is the “dying Lord” discussed in the above lines?A. BeowulfB. King ArthurC. Jesus ChristD. Jupiter4.In Shakespeare’s Merchant of Venice, Antonio could not pay back the money he borrowed from Shylock, because ______.A. his money was all invested in the newly-emerging textile industryB. his enterprise went bankruptC. Bassanio was able to pay his own debtD. his ships had all been lost5. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18?A. The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.B. The speaker satirizes human vanity.C. The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.D. The speaker meditates on man’s salvation.6. In English poetry, a four-line stanza is called ______.A. heroic coupletB. quatrainC. Spenserian stanzaD. terza rima7. “Let not Ambition mock their useful toil,/Their homely joys, and destiny obscure;/Nor Grandeur hear with a disdainful smile /The short and simple annals of the poor.”The above lines are taken from .A. Alexander Pope’s Essay on CriticismB. Coleridge’s “Kubla Khan”1C. John Donne’s “The Sun Rising”D. Thomas Gray’s “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”8. By making the truth-seeking pilgrims suffer at the hands of the people of Vanity Fair, John Bunyan intends to show the prevalent political and religious ______of his time.A. persecutionB. improvementC. prosperityD. disillusionment9. The 18th century witnessed a new literary form－the modern English novel, which, contrary to the medieval romance, gives a ______ presentation of life of the common people.A. romanticB. realisticC. propheticD. idealistic10. As a whole, ______is one of the most effective and devastating criticisms and satires of all aspects in the then English and European life—socially, politically, religiously, philosophically, scientifically, and morally.A. Moll FlandersB. Gulliver’s TravelsC. Pilgrim’s ProgressD. The School for Scandal11. An honest, kind-hearted young man, who is full of animal spirit and lacks prudence, is expelled from the paradise and has to go through hard experience to gain knowledge of himself and finally to have been accepted both by a virtuous lady and a rich relative .The above sentence may well sum up the theme of Fielding’s work .A. Jonathan Wild the GreatB. Tom JonesC. The Coffe-House PoliticianD. Amelia12. In Sheridan’s The School for scandal, the man who wins the hand of his beloved as well as the inheritance of his rich uncle is ______ .A. Charles SurfaceB. Joseph SurfaceC. Sir Peter TeazleD. Sir Benjamin Backbite13. Which of the following works best represents the national spirit of the 18th-century England?A. Robinson CrusoeB. Gulliver’s TravelsC. Jonathan Wild the GreatD. A Sentimental Journey14. Shelley’s masterpiece, Prometheus Unbound, is a verse drama, which borrows the basic story from ______ .A. the BibleB. a German legendC. a Greek playD. One Thousand and One Nights15. In the first part of the novel Pride and prejudice, Mr. Darcy has a (n) ______ of the Bennet family .A. high opinionB. great admirationC. low opinionD. erroneous view16. In Byron’s poem “Song for the Luddites,” the word “Luddite” refers to the ______ .A. workers who destroyed the machines in their protest against unemploymentB. rising bourgeoisie who fights against the aristocratic classC. descendents of the ancient king ,LudD. poor country people who suffered under the rule of the landlord class17. Mr. Micawber in David Copperfield and Sam Well in Pickwick Papers are perhaps the best ______ characters created by Charles Dickens.2A. comicB.tragicC. roundD.sophisticated18. A typical feature of the English Victorian literature is that writers became social and moral ______ , exposing all kinds of social evils.A. revolutionariesB. idealistsC. criticsD. defenders19. “Is it not sufficient for your infernal sel fishness, that while you are at peace I shall writhe in the torments of hell?”(Heathcliff uttered the sentence in the death scene of Catherine from Chapter XV of Wuthering Heights.) The word “hell” at the end of the quoted sentence refers to ______ .A. HeavenB. HadesC. the next worldD. this world20. A typical Forsyte, according to John Galsworthy, is a man with a strong sense of ______ ,who never pays any attention to human feelings.A. justiceB. humorC. moralityD. property21. “He was silent with conceit of his son. Mrs. Morel sniffed, as if it were nothing.”(Sons and Lovers by wrence)From the above quotation, we can see that Mrs. Morel’s attitude to her husband is ______ .A. sincerely warmB. genuinely kindC. seemingly angryD. merely contemptuous22. A boy makes a quest of his idealized childish love through painful experience up to the point of losing his innocence and coming to see the drabness and harshness of the adult world.The above sentence may well sum up the major theme of ______.A. Eliot’s poem The love Song of J. Alfred PrufrockB. Bernard shaw’s play Mrs. Warren’s ProfessionC. Joyce’s story ArabyD. Lawrence’s story The Horse Dealer’s Daughter23. Linguistically, compared with the writings of Mark Twain, Henry James’s fiction is noted for his ______.A. frontier vernacularB. rich colloquialismC. vulgarly descriptive wordsD. refined elegant language24. Which of the following statements about Washington Irving is NOT true?A. Literary imagination should breed in a land rich in the past culture.B. He is preoccupied with the Calvinistic view of original sin and the mystery of evil.C. His stories are among the best of the American literature.D. Some of his works are based on the materials of the European legendary tales.25. Which of the following is NOT one of the main ideas advocated by Emerson, the chief spokesman of New England Transcendentalism?A. As an individual, man is divine and can develop and improve himself infinitely.B. Nature exercises a healthy and restorative influence on human beings.C. There exists an emotional communication between an individual soul and the universal “Oversoul.”D. Evil and sin are ever present in human heart and will pass on from one generation to another.”326. Whitman’s poems are characterized by all the following features EXCEPT ______ .A. the strict poetic formB. the free and natural rhythmC. the easy flow of feelingsD. the simple and conversational language27. “Then all colla psed, and the great shroud of the sea rolled on as it rolled five thousand years ago.” In the quoted sentence, the author might imply that ______.A. nothing changes in the 5000 years of human historyB. man’s desire to conquer nature can only end in his o wn destructionC. nature is evil as it was 5000 years agoD. nature has the ultimate creative power28. “Standing on the bare ground,—my head bathed by the blithe air, and uplifted into infinite space ,—all mean egotism vanishes. I become a transparent eye-ball. I am nothing. I see all. The currents of the Universal Being circulate through me; I am part or particle of God.”The above passage is taken from ______.A. Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s CabinB. Cooper’s “Leatherstocking Tales”C. Emerson’s “Nature”D. Dreiser’s Sister Carrie29. Which of the following works best illustrates the Calvinistic view of original sin?A. Stowe’s Uncle Ton’s CabinB. James’s The Portrait of a Lady.C. Hemingway’s A Farewell to ArmsD. Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter.30. Beside symbolism, all the following qualities EXCEPT ______are fused to make Melville’s Moby-Dick a world classic.A. narrative powerB. psychological analysisC. speculative agilityD. optimistic view of life31. In all his novels Theodore Dreiser sets himself to project the ______ American values. For example, in Sister Carrie, there is not one character whose status is not determined economically.A. PuritanB. materialisticC. psychologicalD. religious32. In Daisy Miller,Henry James reveals Daisy’s ______ by showing her relatively unreserved manners.A. hypocrisyB. cold and indifferenceC. grace and patienceD. Americanness33. The raft with which Huck and Jim make their voyage down the Mississippi River may symbolize all the following EXCEPT ______.A. a return to natureB. an escape from evils, injustices, and corruption of the civilized societyC. the American society in the early 19th centuryD. a small world where people of different colors can live friendly and happily34. Emily Grierson, the protagonist in Faulkner’s story “A Rose for Emily,” can be regarded as a symbol for all the following qualities EXCEPT______.A. old valuesB. rigid ideas of social statusC. bigotry and eccentricityD. harmony and integrity435. As a Modernist poet ,Pound is noted for his active involvement in the ______ .A. cubist school of modern paintingB. Imagist MovementC. stream-of-consciousness techniqueD. German Expressionism36. The statement that a boy’s ni ght journey to an Indian village to witness the violence of both birth and death provides all the possibilities of a learning experience may well sum up the major theme of ______ .A. Faulkner’s story “A Rose for Emily”B. Hemingway’s story “Indian Camp”C. Irving’s story “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”D. James’s story “Daisy Miller”37. Which of the following plays by O’Neill can be read autobiographically?A. The Hairy ApeB. The Emperor JonesC. The Iceman ComethD. Long Day’s Journey Into Nig ht38. When we say that a poor young man from the West tried to make his fortune in the East but was disillusioned in the quest of an idealized dream, we are probably discussing about ______’s thematic concern in his fiction writing.A. Henry JamesB. Scott FitzgeraldC. Ernest HemingwayD. William Faulkner39.After his experiences in the forest, Young Goodman Brown returns to Salem ______.A. desperate and gloomyB. renewed in his faithC. wearing a black veilD. unaware of his own sin40. According to Mark Twain, in river towns up and down the Mississippi, it was every boy’s dream to some day grow up to be ______.A. Methodist preacherB. a justice of the peaceC. a riverboat pilotD. a pirate on the Indian oceanPART TWO (60POINTS)Ⅱ.Reading comprehension(16 points,4 for each)Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.41. “One short sleep past, we wake eternally,And death shall be no more; d eath, thou shalt die.”Questions:A. Identify the poem and the poet.B.What does the word “sleep” mean?C. What idea do the two lines express?42. “Never did sun more beautifully steepIn his first splendor, valley, rock, or hill;Ne’er saw I, never felt, a calm so deep!5The river glideth at his own sweet will:Dear God! The very houses seem asleep;And all that mighty heart is lying still!”(William Wordsworth’s sonnet: “Composed upon Westminster Bridge” September 3, 1802) Questions:A. What does the word “glideth” in the fourth line mean?B. What kind of figure of speech is used by wordsworth to describe the “river”?C. What idea does the fourth line express?43. “With Blue—uncertain stumbling Buzz—Between the light—and me—And then the Windows failed—and thenI could not see to see—”Questions:A. Identify the poem and the poet.B. What do “Windows” symbolically stand for?C. What idea does the quoted passage express?44. “‘Is dying hard, Daddy?’‘No, I think it’s pretty easy, Nick, It all depends.”’Questions:A. Identify the work and the author.B. What was Nick preoccupied with when he asked the question?C. Why did the father add “It all depends” after he answered his son’s question?Ⅲ. Questions and Answers(24 points in all, 6 for each)Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.45. It is said that B. Shaw’s play, Mrs. Warren’s Profession, has a strong realistic theme, which fully reflects the dramatist’s Fabiani st idea. Try to summarize this theme briefly.46. Emily Bronte used a very complicated narrative technique in writing her novel Wuthering Heights.Try to tell Bronte’s way of narration briefly.47. “In your rocking-chair, by your window dreaming, shall you long, alone. In your rocking-chair, by your window, shall you dream such happiness as you may never feel.” The two sentences are taken from Theodore Dreiser’s novel, Sister Carrie. What idea can you draw from the “rocking-chair”?48. The literary school of naturalism was quite popular in the late 19th century. What are the major characteristics of naturalism?Ⅳ. Topic Discussion(20 points in all, 10 for each)Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.49. Discuss the possible theme in W.B. Yeats’s “The Lake Isle of Innisfree” and how t hat theme is presented in the poem.50. “My faith is gone!” cried he (Goodman Brown), after one stupefied moment. “There is no6good on earth; and sin is but a name. Come, devil! For to thee is this world given.”Comment on this passage from Hawthorne’s “Young Goodman Brown”.7。

英美文学选读试题课程代码：00604请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上Ⅰ. Multiple Choice (40 points in all, 1 for each)Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.1．The work that presented, for the first time in English literature, a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is most likely ______________.A．William La ngland’ s Piers Plowman B．Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales C．John Gower’s Confession Amantis D．Sir Gawain and the Green Knight2．The tragedy of Dr. Faustus, the protagonist in Christopher Marlowe’s The Tragic History of Dr. Faustus , is the very fact that______________.A．man is confined to timeB．he tried to join Africa to SpainC．he became a man without soul after he sold itD．he conjured up Helen, the lady who was partially responsible for the breaking-up of the Trojan War3．The sentence “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?” is the beginning line of one of Shakespeare’s ______________.A．comedies B．tragediesC．sonnets D．histories4．Paradise Lost is actually a story taken from ______________.A．the Renaissance B．the Old TestamentC．Greek Mythology D．the New Testament5．Spenser’s masterpiece _____________ is a great poem of its time.A．The Faerie Queene B．The Shepheardes CalenderC．The Canterbury Tales D．Metamorphoses6．______________ is the essence of the Renaissance.A．Poetry B．DramaC．Humanism D．Reason7．The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare and ______________.A．John Milton B．John MarloweC．Ben Jonson D．Edmund Spenser8．“To be, or not to be—that is the question”is a line taken from______________. A．Hamlet B．OthelloC．King Lear D．The merchant of venice9．Francis Bacon’s essays are famous for their brevity, compactness and ______________. A．complicity B．complexityC．powerfulness D．mildness10．Literature of Neoclassicism is different from that of Romanticism in that ______________. A．the former celebrates reason, rationality, order and instruction while the latter sees literature as an expression of an individual’s feeling and experiencesB．the former is heavily religious but the latter secularC．the former is an intellectual movement, the purpose of which is to arouse the middle class for political rights while the latter is concerned with the personal cultivationD．the former advocates the “return to nature” whereas the latter turns to the ancient Greek and Roman writers for its models.11．Daniel Defoe describes ______________ as a typical English Middle- class man of the eighteenth century, the very prototype of the empire builder or the pioneer colonist.A．Tom Jones B．GulliverC．Moll Flanders D．Robinson Crusoe12．______________ is a typical feature of Swift’s writings.A．Bitter satire B．Elegant styleC．Casual narration D．Complicated sentence structure13．The Pilgrim’s Progress by John Bunyan is often said to be concerned with the search for ______________.A．material wealth B．spiritual salvationC．universal truth D．self- fulfillment14．Alexander Pope strongly advocated ______________ , emphasizing that literary works should be judged by rules of order, reason, logic, restrained emotion, good taste and decorum. A．Sentimentalism B．RomanticismC．Idealism D．Neoclassicism15．“Metaphysical poetry” refers to the works of the 17th- century writers who wrote under the influence of ______________.A．John Donne B．Alexander PopeC．Christopher Marlowe D．John Milton16．It is generally regarded that Keats’ s most important and mature poems are in the form of ______________.A．ode B．elegyC．epic D．sonnet17．______________ is the most outstanding stream of consciousness novelist, with ___________ as his encyclopedia – like masterpiece .A．James Joyce, Ulysses B．E.M. Foster, A Passage to IndiaC．D.H. Lawrence, Sons and Lovers D．Virginia Woolf, Mrs Dalloway18．Which of the following poems is a landmark in English poetry?A．Lyrical Ballads by William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor ColeridgeB．“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” by William WordsworthC．“Remorse ”by Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD．Leaves of Grass Walt Whitman19．The literary form which is fully developed and the most flourishing during the Romantic Period is ______________.A．prose B．dramaC．novel D．poetry20．Which of the following poems by T.S. Eliot is hailed as a landmark and a model of the 20th century English poetry?A．Poems 1909-1925 B．The Hollow ManC．Prufrock and Other Observations D．The Waste Land21．“My last Duchess” is a poem that best exemplifies Robert Browning’s ______________. A．sensitive ear for the sounds of the English languageB．excellent choice of wordsC．mastering of the metrical devicesD．use of the dramatic monologue22．Dickens’ works are characterized by a mingling of ______________ and pathos.A．humor B．satireC．passion D．metaphor23．Walt Whitman, whose ______________ established him as the most popular American poet of the 19th century.A．Leaves of Grass B．Go Down, MosesC．The Marble Faun D．As I Lay Dying24．______________ has always been regarded as a writer who “perfected the best classic style that American Literature ever prod uced”.A．Edgar Ellen Poe B．Walt WhitmanC．Henry David Thoreau D．Washington Irving25．The Romantic Period, one of the most important periods in the history of American literature, stretches from the end of ______________ to the outbreak of ____________.A．the 17th century…the American War of IndependenceB．the 18th century…the American Civil WarC．the 17th century…the American Civil WarD．the 18th century…the U.S. – Mexican War26．Which of the following statements is NOT true of American Transcendentalism?A．It can be clearly defined as a part of American Romantic literary movement.B．It can be defined philosophically as “the recognition in man of the capacity of knowing truth intui tively”.C．Ralph Waldo Emerson was the chief advocate of this spiritual movement.D．It sprang from South America in the late 19th century.27．The theme of Washington Irving’s Rip Van Winkle is ______________.A．the conflict of human psyche B．the fight against racial discriminationC．the familial conflict D．the nostalgia for the unrecoverable past 28．The unofficial manifesto for the Transcendental Club was ______________, Emerson’s first little book, which established him ever since as the most eloquent spokesman of New England Transcendentalism.A．The American Scholar B．Self— relianceC．Nature D．The Over—Soul29．Nathani el Hawthorne held an unceasing interest in the “interior of the heart ”of man’s being.So in almost every book he wrote, Hawthorne discusses______________.A．love and hatred B．sin and evilC．frustration and self—denial D．balance and self—discipline30．In Young Goodman Brown by Hawthorne, the name of Goodman Brown’s wife is ______________, which also contains many symbolic meanings.A．Ruth B．HesterC．Faith D．Mary31．Which of the following statements might be true of the theme of Song of Myself by Whitman? A．This poem describes the growth of a child who learned about the world around him and improved himself accordingly.B．This poem shows the author’s cynical sentiments against the American Civil War.C．This poem reflects the author’s belief in Unitarianism or Deism.D．This poem reflects the author’s belief in the singularity and equality of all beings in value. 32．In Moby—Dick, the white whale symbolizes ______________ for Melville, for it is complex, unfathomable, malignant, and beautiful as well.A．nature B．human societyC．whaling industry D．truth33．Realism was a reaction against Romanticism or a move away from the bias towards romance and self—creating fictions, and paved the way to ______________.A．Cynicism B．ModernismC．Transcendentalism D．Neo—Classicalism34．Hemingway once described Mark Twain’s novel ______________ the one book from which “all modern American literature comes”.A．The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn B．The Adventures of Tom SawyerC．The Gilded Age D．The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg35．__________ is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20th—century “stream—of—consciousness” novels and the f ounder of psychological realism.A．Theodore Dreiser B．William FaulknerC．Henry James D．Mark Twain36．Which of the following statements is NOT true of Emily Dickinson and her poetry?A．She remained unmarried all her lifeB．She wrote, 1,775 poems, and most of them were published during her life time.C．Her poems have no titles, hence are always quoted by their first lines.D．Her limited private world has never confined the limitless power of her creativity and imagination.37．As a genre, naturalism emphasized ______________ as important deterministic forces shaping individualized characters who were presented in special and detailed circum-stances. A．theological doctrinesB．heredity and environmentC．education and hard workD．various opportunities and economic success38．Ezra Pound, a leading spokesman of the “______________” , was one of the most important poets in his time.A．Imagist Movement B．Cubist MovementC．Reformist Movement D．Transcendentalist Movement39．Eugene O’Neill’s first full—length play, ______________, won him the first Pulitzer Prize. Its theme is the choice between life and death, the interaction of subjective and objective factors. A．Bound East for Cardiff B．The Hairy ApeC．Desire Under the Elms D．Beyond the Horizon40．Hemingway’s “Indian Camp ” is one of the fourteen short stories collected under the title of ______________. This title is very ironic because there is no peace at all in the stories. A．Three Stories and Ten Poems B．Across the River and into the TreesC．The Green Hills of Africa D．In Our TimeⅡ.Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 for each)Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.41．“For oft, when on my couch I lieIn vacant or in pensive mood,they flash upon that inward eye”Questions:A．Identify the anthor and the title.B．What does the phrase “inward eye” mean?C．Write out the main idea of the passage in plain English.42．“The duties of her married life, contemplated as so great beforehand, seemed to be shrinking with the furniture and the white vapour—walled landscape. The clear heights where sheexpected to walk in full communion had become difficult to see even in her imagination; the delicious repose of the soul on a complete superior had been shaken into uneasy effort and alarmed with dim presentiment. When would the days begin of that active wifely devotion which was to strengthen her h usband’s life and exalt her own?”Questions:A．Identify the author and the title of the story from which the passage is taken.B．Explain the meaning of “the white vapour—walled landscape”C．How do you undersdand “the delicious repose of the soul on a complete superior”?43．“It was you that broke the new wood,Now is a time for carving.We have one sap and one root—Let there be commerce between us.”Questions:A．Whom does the “us” refer to?B．What does the phrase “broke the new wood ” mean here?C．What is the intention of the poet in writing the poem “A Pact” from which these lines are taken?44．“There was music from my neighbor’s house through the summer nights. In his blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and the champagne and the stars. At high tide in the afternoon I watched his guests diving from the tower of his raft, or taking the sun on the hot sand of his beach while his two motor—boats slit the waters of the Sound, drawing aquaplanes over cataracts of foam. On week—ends his Rolls—Royce became an omnibus, bearing parties to and from the city between nine in the morning and long past midnight, while his station wagon scampered like a brisk yellow bug to meet all trains. And on Mondays eight servants, including an extra gardener, toiled all day with mops andscrubbing—brushes and hammers and garden—shears, repairing the ravages of the night before.”Questions:A．Identify the author and the title of the novel from which this passage is taken.B．What can you imply by reading this passage?C．What do the “moths ” symbolize?Ⅲ.Questions and Answers (24 points in all, 6 for each)Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English .Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.45．William Shakespeare is one of the most remarkable playwrights the world has ever known.(1)Name his four greatest tragedies.(2)What are the characteristics of the four tragedies in common?(3)Briefly summarize each hero’s weakness of nature.46．“Though his fair daughter’s self, as I avowedAt starting, is my object. Nay, we’ll goTogether down, sir. Notice Neptune, though,Taming a sea horse, though a rarity,Which Claus of Innsbruck cast in bronze for me! ”The lines above are taken from Robert Browning’s “My Last Duchess.” Taking the whole poem into consideration, what kind of person do you think the duke is?47．What is generally the view Washington lrving expressed in his “Rip Van Winkle” about the radical changes that happened to the American society in his time?48．What is the most famous theme in Henry James’s fiction? And what is his favourite approach in characterization, which makes him different from Mark Twain and W.D. Howells asrealists? Give two titles of his works in which this theme and this approach are employed.Ⅳ. Topic Discussion (20 points in all, 10 for each)Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in thecorresponding space on the answer sheet.49．Analyze the character of Jane Eyre based on the selection taken from Chapter X X Ⅲ of Jane Eyre.50．Symbolism is an important literary practice in literature and it has been widely used by many American writers. Discuss the way symboliom is used in Faulkner’s story “A Rose forEmily.”2007年4月自考英美文学选读试题答案（课程代码 0604）I . Multiple Choice (40 points in all, 1 for each)l.B 2. A 3.C 4.B 5. A 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. A 11. D 12. A 13.B 14. D 15. A 16. A 17. A 18. A 19. D 20. D 21. D 22. A 23. A 24.D 25. B 26. D 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. A 35.C 36. B 37. B 38. A 39.D 40. DII. Reading Comprehension (16 points in all, 4 for each)41. A. Wordsworth; I wondered lonely as a cloudB. human soulC. The poet expressed his love for the daffodils.42. A. George Eliot; MiddlemarchB. The landscape covered with white snow.C. It refers to Dorothea' s dream of fulfilling something great by marrying somebody superior, somebody who can guide her.43. A. Whitman and Pound (the Imagists)B. Made experiments with the conventions of the traditional poetryC. In this poem, Pound started to find some agreement between "Whitmanesque" free verse, which he had attacked for its carelessness in composition, and the " verse libre" of the Imagists who showed more concern for formal values.44. A. F. Scott Fitzgerald; The Great Gatsby?B. This passage describes Gatsby' s extravagance.C. Moths are used metaphorically to refer to those people who are drawn to the party simply for its glamour, for the wealth of Gatsby.III. Questions and Answers (24 points in all, 6 for each)45. A. Shakespeare's four greatest tragedies are: Hamlet, Othello, King Lear,and Macbeth.B. Each portrays somke noble hero, who faces the injustice of human life and is caught in a difficult situation and whose fate is closely connected with the fate of the whole nation.C. Each hero has his weakness of nature: Hamlet, the melancholic scholar; Othello' s inner weak-ness is made use of by the outside evil force; the old king Lear who is unwilling to totally give up his power; and Macbeth' s lust for power stirs up his ambition and leads him to incessant crimes.46. A. His apparent intelligence, excellent taste for art superiority and aristocratic manners are paradoxical.B. hispride，jealousy and brutality.47. A. living laments the radical changes in his time, thinking that the changes have taken away some of the most endeared values in American life.B. Irving' s pervasive theme of nostalgia for the unrecoverable past is unforgettable.48. A. His most fanous theme is international theme.B. Psychological approachC. The Portrait of A Lady; Daisy MillerⅣ. Topic Discussion ( 20 points in all, 10 for each )49. A. Jane Eyre, an orphan child with a fiery spirit and a longing to love and be loved, a poor, plain,little governess who dares to love her master.B. In Chapter X X Ⅲ, Jane finds herself hopelessly in love with Mr. Rochester but she is aware that her love is out of the question. When forced to confront Mr. Rochester, she desperately and openly declares her equality with him and her love for him.50. A. Rose, as a symbol of love, may refer to the love between Emily and the Northerner, yetused rather ironically, in the way it is associated with decay and death in the story.B. Rose could also stand for the pity, sympathy, or the lament" we "shows for Emily.C. The pity and lament goes not only to Emily but all those who are imprisoned in the past and fail to adapt to the change.D. Discuss in relation to the story.。

绝密★启用前2022年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英美文学选读(课程代码00604)注意事项：1. 本试卷分为两部分，第一部分为选择题，第二部分为非选择题。

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Multiple Choice (40 points in all,1 for each)Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question orcompletes the statement.1.Bernard Shaw's career as a b egan in 1892, when his first play Widowers'Houses was put on in a theaterA. criticB. poetC. novelistD. dramatist2.T.S.Eliot's poem The Waste Land is l ines long and is divided into five sections.A.133B.233C.333D.433wrence's first novel isA. The RainbowB. Women in LoveC. The White PeacockD. The Trespasser4.Bernard Shaw used inversion in character portrayal in order to achieveA. tragic effectsB. comic effectsC. mixed feelingsD. pessimistic feelings英美文学选读试题第1页(共7页)5.T.S.Eliot's play Murder in the Cathedral was writtenA. for the Canterbury Festival of June 1935B. to present the mood of disillusionment of a post-war generationC. to deal with the theme of death in lifeD. to reflect his allegiance to the Church of England6.In the novel Sons and Lovers,Mrs. Morel is a daughter of a f amily.A. poorB. lower-classC. middle-classD. upper-class7.The following word is the best to describe the figure Jew Fagin in Oliver Twist.A. grotesqueB. helplessicalD.humorous8.The Bronte sisters were sent to a school for clergymen's daughters. The experience thereinspired the portrayal of Lowood School in the novelA. VilletteB. Jane EyreC. The ProfessorD. Wuthering Heights9.In his later period, w rote many prophetic books, one of which is The Book of Urizen.A.Percy ShelleyB.W illiam'WordsworthC. William BlakeD.Daniel Defoe10.Among Thomas Hardy's major works, Under the Greenwood Tree is the mostA. miserable and unfairB. cheerful and idyllicC. severe and balancedD. unbalanced and tragic11.In the novel Tess ofthe D'Urbervilles, is the young master of the D'Urbervilles.A. AlecB. AngelC. HenchardD. Farfrae12.Bill Sikes, a character in the novel Oliver Twist,is a(n)A. chimney-sweeperB. burglarC. apprenticeD. beadle13.Jane Austen's satirizes the Gothic romances of the late18th century.C. PersuasionD. Northanger Abbey14.In 1813 Percy Shelley published his first long serious work Oueen Mab:A Poem.A. ReligiousB. SpiritualC. PoliticalD. Philosophical英美文学选读试题第2页(共7页)。

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I. Multiple Choice(40 points in all, 1 for each)Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark your choice by blackening the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the answer sheet.1. Shakespeare has established his giant position in world literature with his ______ plays, 154 sonnets and 2 long poems.BA. 27B. 38C.47D. 522. john Milton’s literary achievement can be divided into three groups: the early poetic works, the middle prose pamphlets and the last ______.CA. romancesB. dramasC. great poemsD. ballads3. The novels of ______ are the first literary works devoted to the study of problems of the lower— class people.CA. John MiltonB. Daniel DefoeC. Henry FieldingD. Jonathan Swift4. The w ork ranked by many critics as William Wordswoth’s greatest work was ______.BA. Lyrical BalladsB. The PreludeC. Poems in Two VolumesD. The Excursion5. The author of The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling is ______.CA. Daniel DefoeB. Johathan SwiftC. Henry FieldingD. William Blake6. The works of ______ are famous for the depiction of the life of the middle —class women, particularly governess.*BA. Charlotte BronteB. D.H. LawrenceC. Thomas HardyD. Jane Austen7. All of the following writings are created by William Wordsworth EXCEPT ______.DA. “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud. ”B. “Composed upon Westminster Bridge, Septemer 3, 1802. ”C. “The Solitary Reaper. ”D. “The Chimney Sweeper. ”8. The most important representative work by Jonathan Swift is ______.DA. A Tale of a TubB. The Battle of the BooksC. A Modest ProposalD. Gulliver's Travels9 “If winter comes, can Spring be far behind?”comes from Shelly’s ______.DA. “To a Skylark”B. “Adonais”C. “Ode to Liberty”D. “Ode to the West Wind”10. In Jane Austen' s first novel ______, she tells a story about two sisters and their love affairs.BA. Pride and PrejudiceB. Sense and SensibilityC. EmmaD. Persuasion11. Charles Dickens is one of the greatest ______ writers of the Victorian Age.DA. romanticB. modernistC. socialistD. critical realist12. Charlotte Bronte' s most autobiographical work, ______ is largely based on her experience in Brussels.AA. Jane EyreB. ShirleyC. VilletteD. The Professor13. William Wordsworth' s theory of poetry is calling for simple themes drawn from humble life expressed in the language of ordinary people. The preface to the second edition of ______ acts as a manifesto for the new school and sets forth his own critical creed.AA. Lyrical BalladsB. The PreludeC. Poems in Two VolumsD. The Excursion14. George Bernard Shaw' s play ______ established his position as the leading playwright of his time.*CA. Widowers’HousesB. Too True to Be GoodC. Mrs. Warren' s ProfessionD. Candida15. Eliot' s most important single poem ______, has been hailed as a landmark anda model of the 20th-century English poetry.BA. The Hollow MenB. The Waste LandC. Prurrock and Other ObservationsD. Poems 1909-2516. D. wrence’s autobiographical novel, ______ shows the conflict between the earthy, coarse, energetic but often drunken father and the refined, strong —willed and up — climbing mother.AA. Sons and LoversB. The White PeacockC. The TrespasserD. The Rainbow17. “To be, or not to be —that is the question; /Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer./The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,/ Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,/And by opposing end them?” These words are from ______.DA. King LearB. RomeoC. AntonioD. Hamlet18. John Milton’s last important work, ______ is the most powerful dramatic poem on the Greek model.AA. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Lydidas19. The author of Moll Flanders and Captain Singleton is ______.BA. John MiltonB. Daniel DefoeC. Henry FieldingD. Jonathan Swift20. Drapier is the pseudonym of ______.AA. Jonathan SwiftB. Daniel DefoeC. Henry FieldingD. William Blake21. One of Dickens' later works, ______ in which he presents a criticism of the governmental branches which run an indefinite procedure of management of affairs and keep the innocent in prison for life.BA. Bleak HouseB. Little DorritC. Hard TimesD. A Tale of Two Cities22. In the second part of Gulliver's Travels, Gulliver told his experience in ______.AA. BrobdingnagB. LilliputC. Flying IslandD. Houyhnhnm23. Faulkner used the narrative techniques to construct his stories, which include ______ and mythological and biblical allusions.AA. symbolismB. free indirect speechC. contrastD. dialogue24. Ernest Hemingway, had been trying to demonstrate in his works an unvarying code, known as “______,” which is actually an attitude towards life.BA. facing the realityB. grace under pressureC. honesty with benevolenceD. security coming first25. The Blithedale Romance is a novel written by Hawthorne to reveal his own experience on the Brook Farm and his own methods as a ______ novelist.CA. naturalistB. imagistC. psychologicalD. feminist26. Theodore Dreiser' s focus shifted from the pathos of the helpless protagonists at the bottom of the society to the power of the American financial tycoons in the late 19th century in his work ______.DA. The GeniusB. An American TragedyC. Dreiser Looks at RussiaD. “Trilogy of Desire”27. Emily Dickinson frequently uses personae to render the tone more familiar to the reader, and ______ to vivify some abstract ideas.DA. imagesB. metaphorC. symbolsD. personification28. In his later works, Melville becomes more reconciled with the ______, in which he admits, one must live by rules.BA. womenB. world of manC. familyD. politicians29. Walt Whitman' s ______ has always been considered a monumental work which commands great attention in America.BA. The Pilgrim’s ProgressB. Leaves of GrassC. A Passage to IndiaD. Rip Van Winkle30. Mark Twain’s full literary career began to blossom in 1869 with a travel book ______, an account of American tourists in Europe.AA. Innocents AbroadB. The Portrait of A LadyC. The Grapes of WrathD. The Great Gatsby31. With the development of the modern novel and the common acceptance of the ______ approach, Henry James' s importance, as well as his wide influence as a novelist and critic, has been all the more conspicuous.AA. deconstructionB. romanticC. FreudianD. analytic32. Emily Dickinson addresses the issues that concern the whole human beings in her poems, which include religion, death, ______, love, and nature.AA. immortalityB. wealthC. powerD. politics33. In Sister Carrie Theodore Dreiser expressed his ______ pursuit by expounding the purposelessness of life and attacking the conventional moral standards.BA. romanticB. realisticC. naturalisticD. modernistic34. Profound ideas in Robert Frost's poems are delivered under the disguise of ______.AA. the plain language and the simple formB. the vivid descriptionsC. metaphorsD. the complicated narration35. In ______ Hemingway presents his philosophy about life and death through the depiction of the bullfight as a kind of microcosmic tragedy.BA. The Green Hills of AfricaB. Death in the AfternoonC. The Snows of KilimanjaroD. To Have and Have Not36 Of Faulkner’s literary works, four novels are masterpieces by any standards: The Sound and the Fury, Light in August, Absalom, Absalom ! and ______.AA. Go Down, MosesB. The FableC. The Snows of KilimanjaroD. To Have and Have Not37. As Whitman saw it, ______ could play a vital part in the process of creatinga new nation.CA. musicB. fictionC. poetryD. painting38. In many of Hawthorne' s stories and novels, the Puritan concept of life is condemned, especially in his The house of the Seven Gables and ______.BA. Go Down, MosesB. The Scarlet LetterC. As I Lay DyingD. Song of Myself39. Henry James is generally regarded as the forerunner of the ______ and the founder of psychological realism.BA. “stream-of-consciousness” novelsB. m etaphysical poemsC. short storiesD. literary criticism40. Generally considered to be Henry James’s masterpiece, ______ incarnates the clash between the Old World and the New in the life journey of an American girl in a Europe an cultural environment.BA. The AmbassadorsB. Daisy MillerC. The AmericanD. The Portrait of A Lady非选择题部分注意事项：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。

《英美文学选读》（课程代码：00604）I.The following passage is an extract from Letter to Lord Chesterfield by Samuel Johnson, the leading figure of British neoclassicists. In 1747, when Samuel Johnson, began his Dictionary of the English language, Lord Chesterfield had at first indicated that he could be his patron, but when Johnson came to him for concrete help, Lord Chesterfield neglected him to the point of ignoring him; Johnson was insulted and furious. In 1775 when the Dictionary was published and acclaimed, Chesterfield openly recommended, hoping to get some credit for it as Johnson’s patron. Samuel Johnson wrote as reply his famous Letter to Lord Chesterfield in which he vented his feeling of hurt pride. Read it carefully, paying special attention to the rhetorical devices used, and answer the question. (20 points)①Is not patron, my lord, one who looked with unconcernupon man struggling for a life in the water, and when he hadreached to the safety of ground, encumbered him with help?②The notice you have taken of my Labour, had it beenearly, had been kind, but it had been delayed till I amindifferent, and can’t enjoy it; till I am solitary, and can’timpart it; till I am known, and do not want it. ③I hope thatit is no very asperity not to confess obligation where nobenefit have been received, or to be unwilling that thePublic should consider me as owing that to a patron, whichProvidence had enabled me to do for myself.Question:⑴what syntactic devices the author used in sentence ? And whatare their stylistic functions? (10 points)⑵point out the figure of speech used in sentences①and ③. (10 points)II. The following critical paper is about George Bernard Shaw’s famous drama “Pygmalion”. Read it carefully and answer the questions set on it. (20 points) 1 What we discover in Pygmalion is that phonetics and correct pronunciation are systems of markers superficial in themselves but endowed with tremendous social significance. Eliza's education in the ways that the English upper classes act and speak provides an opportunity for the playwright to explore the very foundations of social equality and inequality. Higgins himself observes that pronunciation is the deepest gulf that separates class from class and soul from soul. Playwright and character differ, however, in that instead of criticizing the existence of this gulf, Higgins accepts it as natural and uses his skills to help those who can afford his services (or are taken in as experiments, like Liza) to bridge it.2“At Mrs. Higgins's ““At Home reception,” Liza is fundamentally the same person she was in Act I, although she differs in what we learnto appreciate as superficialities of social disguise (according to Mugglestone): details of speech and cleanliness. Act III of Pygmalion highlights the importance of Liza's double transformation, by showing her suspended between the play's beginning and its conclusion. In modern society, however, as Shaw illustrates, it is precisely these superficial details which tend to be endowed with most significance. Certainly the Eynsford Hills view such details as significant, as Liza's entrance produces for them what Shaw's stage directions call “an impression of ... remarkable distinction and beauty.”3 Ironically, however, Liza's true transformation is yet to occur. She experiences a much more fundamental change in her consciousness when she realizes that Higgins has more or less abandoned her at the conclusion of his experiment.At first, Liza experiences a sense of anxiety over not belonging anywhere: she can hardly returnto flower peddling, yet she lacks the financial means to makeher new, outward identity a social reality. “What am I fit for?”She demands of Higgins. “What have you left me fit for? Wheream I to go? What am I to do? What's to become of me?” Berst wrote that while Pickering is generous, Eliza is shoved intothe wings by Higgins. The dream has been fulfilled, midnighthas tolled for Cinderella, and morning reality is at hand. Lizamust break away from Higgins when he shows himself incapableof recognizing her needs. This response of Higgins is well withinhis character as it has been portrayed in the play. Indeed, fromhis first exposure to Liza, Higgins denied Liza any social oreven individual worth. Calling Liza a squashed cabbage leaf, Higgins states that a woman who utters such depressing anddisgusting sounds has no right to be anywhere no right to live. Question 1: Explain what is Liza’s Double Transformation?(10 points)Question 2: What makes Liza feel she is in an embarrassing situation when she is transformed into a lady in speechand appearance? (10 points)III.The following critical essay is about Thomas Hardy’s most well-known tragic novel “Tess of d’Urbervilles”. Peruse it and then answer the questions set on it (30 points)The social background of Tess of d’Urbervilles was in a time of difficult social upheaval, when England was making its slow, painful transition from an old-fashioned, agricultural nation to amodern, industrial one. Businessmen and entrepreneurs, or “new money,” joined the ranks of the social elite, as some families of the ancient aristocracy, or “old money,” faded into obscurit y. Tess’s family in Tess of the d’Urbervilles illustrates this change, as Tess’s parents, the Durbeyfields, lose themselves in the fantasy of belonging to an ancient and aristocratic family, the d’Urbervilles.Hardy’s novel strongly suggests that such a f amily history is not only meaningless but also utterly undesirable. Hardy’s views on the subject were appalling to conservative and status-conscious British readers and Tess of the d’Urberville s was met in England with widespread controversy. Beyond her social symbolism, Tess represents fallen humanity in a religious sense, as the frequent biblical allusions in the novel remind us. Just as Tess’s clan was once glorious and powerful but is now sadly diminished, so too did the early glory of the first humans, Adam and Eve, fade with their expulsion from Eden, making humans sad shadows of what they once were. Tess thus represents what is known in Christian theology as original sin, the degraded state in which all humans live, even when—like Tess herself after killing Prince or succumbing to Alec—they are not wholly or directly responsible for the sins for which they are punished. This torment represents the most universal side of Tess: she is the myth of the human who suffers for crimes that are not her own and lives a life more degraded than she deserves.Angel represents a rebellious striving toward a personal vision of goodness A freethinking son born into the family of a provincial parson and determined to set himself up as a farmer instead of going to Cambridge like his conformist brothers,. He is a secularist who yearns to work for the “honor and glory of man,” as he tells his father in Chapter XVIII, rather than for the honor and glory of God in a more distant world. A typical young nineteenth-century progressive, Angel sees human society as a thing to be remolded and improved, and he fervently believes in the nobility of man. He rejects the values handed to him, and sets off in search of his own. His love for Tess, a mere milkmaid and his social inferior, is one expression of his disdain for tradition. This independent spirit contributes to his aura of charisma and general attractiveness that makes him the love object of all the milkmaids with whom he works at Talbothays. As his name—in French, close to “Bright Angel”—suggests, Angel is not quite of this world, but floats above it in a transcendent sphere of his own. The narrator says that Angel shines rather than burns and that he is closer to the intellectually aloof poet Shelley than to the fleshly and passionate poet Byron.His love for Tess may be abstract, as we guess when he calls her “Daughter of Nature” or “Demeter.” Tess may be more an archetype or ideal to him than a flesh and blood woman with a complicated life. Angel’s ideals of human purity are too elevated to be applied to actual people: Mrs. Durbeyfield’s easygoing moral beliefs are much more easily accommodated to real lives such as Tess’s. Angel awakens to the actual complexities of real-world morality after hisfailure in Brazil, and only then he realizes he has been unfair to Tess. His moral system is readjusted as he is brought down to Earth. Ironically, it is not the angel who guides the human in this novel, but the human who instructs the angel, although at the cost of her own life.Question 1: Why Tess is said to be a paragon of “fallen humanity”?(15 points)Question 2: Why Tess converted the idealist Angle into a realist Angle in terms of her own tragedy? (15 points)IV.The following paragraphs are taken from chapter VIII ofbook IV in Gulliver’s Travels. This section pictures an ideal rational existence, the Houyhnhnms kingdom whose life is governed by sense and moderation of which philosopherssince Plato have long dreamed. Read them and answer thefollowing questions. (30 points)1Courtship, love, presents, jointures, settlements haveno place in their thoughts, or terms whereby to expressthem in their language. The young couple meet,and are joined, merely because it is the determinationof their parents and friends; it is what they see doneevery day, and they look upon it as one of the necessaryactions of a reasonable being.2 But the violation of marriage, or any other unchastity,was never heard of; and the married pair pass their liveswith the same friendship and mutual benevolence, thatthey bear to all others of the same species who come intheir way, without jealousy, fondness, quarrelling, ordiscontent. When the matron Houyhnhnms have produced one of each sex, they no longer accompany with their consorts, except they lose one of their issue by some casualty, which very seldom happens; but in such a case they meet again; or when the like accident befalls a person whose wife is past bearing, some other couple bestow on him one of their own colts, and then go together again until the mother is pregnant. This caution is necessary, to prevent the country from being overburdened with numbers. But the race of inferior Houyhnhnms, bred up to be servants, is not so strictly limited upon this article: these are allowed to produce three of each sex, to be domestics in the noble families3 Every fourth year, at the vernal equinox, there is arepresentative council of the whole nation, which meets in a plain about twenty miles from our house, and continues about five or six days. Here they inquire into the state and condition of the several districts; whether they abound or be deficient in hay or oats, or cows, or Yahoos; and wherever there is any want (which is but seldom) it is immediately supplied by unanimous consent and contribution. Here likewise the regulation of children is settled: as for instance, ifa Houyhnhnm has two males, he changes one of them withanother that has two females; and when a child has been lost by any casualty, where the mother is past breeding, it is determined what family in the district shall breed another to supply the loss.Question1.The satire in this work is seen entirely in a discrepancybetween Swift and the Gulliver, the typical rational scientist in the age of enlightenment? Comment on it. (15points)Question2. In what ways does the author satirize the rationalism ofHouyhnhnms society, for example, the rational idea onmarriage, and the family-planning? (15 points)《英美文学选读》试卷参考答案I. 【20分】Answer:The author used repetition and parallelism to make this satirical prose daintier and more repugnant in tone. This piece of prose is typical of neoclassical prose which set great store by elegance of the language which was achieved by way of rhetorical richness. 【10分】The author used sarcasm in these two sentences to openly deny Lord Chesterfield’s patronage and attack his insolent and blatant behavior. The sarcasm made in a circumlocutious way renders this satirical prose more taunting and bitter. 【10分】II【20分】Question 1: What is Liza’s Double Transformation?Act III of Pygmalion highlights the importance of Liza's double transformation, by showing her suspended between the play's beginning and its conclusion. “At Mrs. Higgins's ““At Home reception,” Liza is fundamentally the same person she was in Act I, although she differs in what we learn to appreciate as superficialities of social disguise (according to Mugglestone): details of speech and cleanliness. In modern society, however, as Shaw illustrates, it is precisely these superficial details which tend to be endowed with most significance. Certainly the Eynsford Hills view such details as significant, as Liza's entrance produces for them what Shaw's stage directions call “animpression of ... remarkable distinction and beauty.” Ironically, however, Liza's true transformation is yet to occur. She experiences a much more fundamental change in her consciousness when she realizes that Higgins has more or less abandoned her at the conclusion of his experiment. 【10分】Question 2:What is Liza’s Predicament?Liza experiences a sense of anxiety over not belonging anywhere: she can hardly return to flower peddling, yet she lacks the financial means to make her new, outward identity a social reality. “What am I fit for?” She demands of Higgins. “What have you left me fit for? Where am I to go? What am I to do? What's to become of me?” While Pickering is generous, Eliza is shoved into the wings by Higgins. The dream has been fulfilled, midnight has tolled for Cinderella, and morning reality is at hand. Liza must break away from Higgins when he shows himself incapable of recognizing her needs. This response of Higgins is well within his character as it has been portrayed in the play. Indeed, from his first exposure to Liza, Higgins denied Liza any social or even individual worth. Calling Liza a squashed cabbage leaf, Higgins states that a woman who utters such depressing and disgusting sounds has no right to be anywhere no right to live. 【10分】III.【30分】Question 1: Why Tess is said to be a paragon of fallen humanity?Tess represents fallen humanity in a religious sense, as the frequent biblical allusions in the novel remind us. Just as Tess’s clan was once glorious and powerful but is now sadly diminished, so too did the early glory of the first humans, Adam and Eve, fade with their expulsion from Eden, making humans sad shadows of what they once were. Tess thus represents what is known in Christian theology as original sin, the degraded state in which all humans live, even when—like Tess herself after killing Prince or succumbing to Alec—they are not wholly or directly responsible for the sins for which they are punished. This torment represents the most universal side of Tess: she is the myth of the human who suffers for crimes that are not her own and lives a life more degraded than she deserves. 【15分】Question 2: Discuss why Tess changes the idealist Angle into a realist Angle in a tragic way?Angel is closer to the intellectually aloof poet Shelley than to the fleshly and passionate poet Byron. His love for Tess may be abstract, as we guess when he calls her “Daughter of Nature” or “Demeter.” Tess may be more an archetype or ideal to him than a flesh and blood woman with a complicated life. Angel’sideals of human purity are too elevated to be applied to actual people: Mrs. Durbeyfield’s eas ygoing moral beliefs are much more easily accommodated to real lives such as Tess’s. Angel awakens to the actual complexities of real-world morality after his failure in Brazil, and only then he realizes he has been unfair to Tess. His moral system is readjusted as he is brought down to Earth. Ironically, it is not the angel who guides the human in this novel, but the human who instructs the angel, although at the cost of her own life. 【15分】IV【30分】Question1. This work is called a satire which is seen entirely in a discrepancy between Swift and the Gulliver, the typical rational scientist in the age of enlightenment? Comment on it. 【15分】There are echoes of Plato’s Republic in the Houyhnhnms’rejection of light entertainment and vain displays of luxury, their appeal to reason rather than any holy writings as the criterion for proper action, and their communal approach to family planning.The Gulliver’s Travels is a book of subtle satire. The satire comes mainly from the discrepancy between Gulliver who is fitted out as the archetypal man of the enlightenment movement, susceptible to rationalism of 18th century. Swift on the other hand is very critical of his time, especially its rational thinking. Whereas Gulliver takes Houyhnhnm society as ideal utopia one, the author finds its rationality totally intolerable.Question2.In what ways does the author satirize the rational Houyhnhnms society, for example, the rational ideal on marriage, and the family-planning? 【15分】Paragons of virtue and rationality, the horses are also dull, simple, and lifeless. Their language is impoverished, their mating loveless, and their understanding of the complex play of social forces naïve. What is missing in the horses is exactly that which makes human life rich: the complicated interplay of selfishness, altruism, love, hate, and all other emotions. In other words, the Houyhnhnms’ society is perfect for Houyhnhnms, but it is hopeless for humans. Houyhnhnm society is, in stark contrast to the societies of the first three voyages, devoid of all that is human.But we may be less ready than Gulliver to take the Houyhnhnms as ideals of human existence. They have no names in the narrative nor any need for names, since they are virtually interchangeable, with little individual identity. Their lives seem harmonious and happy, although quite lacking in vigor, challenge, and excitement. Indeed, this apparent ease may be why Swift chooses to makethem horses rather than human types like every other group in the novel. He may be hinting, to those more insightful than Gulliver, that the Houyhnhnms should not be considered human ideals at all. In any case, they symbolize a standard of rational existence to be either espoused or rejected by both Gulliver and us.。

绝密★启用前2023年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英美文学选读试题答案及评分参考（课程代码00604）一、单项选择题：本大题共40小题，每小题1分，共40分。

1. B2. A3. D4. C5. C6. B7. A8. D9. C 10. A11. D 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. C16. D 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. D21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. A26. D 27. C 28. C 29. C 30. D31. B 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B36. D 37. C 38. A 39. A 40. D二、阅读理解题：本大题共4小题，每小题4分，共16分。

41. A. Henry Fielding; The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling (or Tom Jones). (2分)B. Daughter of the well-off squire Western. (1分)C. Human nature. (1分)42. A. Charles Dickens; Oliver Twist (2分)B. A chimney-sweeper. (1分)C. Character-portrayal. (1分)43. A. Theodore Dreiser; Sister Carrie.(2分)B. Hurstwood. (1分)C. He turned on the gas in a cheap lodging-house and ended his life. (1分)英美文学选读试题答案及评分参考第1页（共3页）44. A. Robert Lee Frost. (1分)B. The speaker tells us how the course of his life was determined when he came upon tworoads that diverged in a wood. (2分)C. The speaker took the road less traveled by. (1分)三、简答题：本大题共4小题，每小题6分，共24分。