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英语时态语态总结表Ⅰ. 英语八种时态归纳复习时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容，广大初中学生在实际运用时，往往对时态总是倍感棘手，下面我们就归纳复习一下这几种时态。
一、一般现在时：概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。
二、一般过去时：概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。
三、现在进行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.基本结构：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
一、一般现在时态（Simple Present Tense）1. 主动形式：表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态。
例句：He drinks coffee every morning.（他每天早上喝咖啡。
）2. 被动形式：表示动作的承受者或主语受到动作的影响，常与by短语连用。
例句：Coffee is drunk by him every morning.（咖啡每天早上被他喝。
）二、一般过去时态（Simple Past Tense）1. 主动形式：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。
例句：She studied English last night.（昨晚她学习了英语。
）2. 被动形式：表示过去某个时间主语受到动作的影响。
例句：English was studied by her last night.（昨晚英语被她学习了。
）三、一般将来时态（Simple Future Tense）1. 主动形式：表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或状态。
例句：They will visit their grandparentstomorrow.（他们明天将会去看望他们的祖父母。
）2. 被动形式：表示将来某个时间主语将会受到动作的影响。
例句：The grandparents will be visited by themtomorrow.（明天祖父母将会被他们去看望。
）四、现在进行时态（Present Continuous Tense）1. 主动形式：表示现在正在进行的动作或状态。
例句：They are playing soccer in the park.（他们正在公园里踢足球。
）2. 被动形式：表示主语正在被动作影响的动作或状态。
例句：Soccer is being played by them in thepark.（他们正在公园里踢足球。
）五、过去进行时态（Past Continuous Tense）1. 主动形式：表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作或状态。
被动语态各种时态构成表：TENSE被动语态be\do\does am\is\are+donewill+do will be +doneam\is\are+doing am\is\are+being+d①was\were was\were+done现在完成have\has+done have\has+been+dohad+done had+been+donewas\were+doing was\were+being+d 情态动词情态动词+do情态动词一般现、过用be done, be有人称、时、数变例：１、主动：The children gave the foreign guests a warm welcome. 被动：The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the children. 孩子们热烈地欢迎外宾。
２、主动：People regard him as brilliant. 被动：He is regarded as brilliant by people.人们认为他很有才华。
1、边境发生严重列车事故，二人死亡，十二人受伤。
There was a serious train accident near the border. Two people were killed and twelve were injured.2、直言不讳的人才是真正诚实的人。
A person who is truly honest is called a straight arrow.3、有人给讲演者递上来一张纸条。
A note was passed up to the speaker.4、John被选为班长而代替了亨利。
John was elected president of the class instead of Harry.5、这位战士牺牲了，然而列车得救了。
英文的语态总结表一、什么是语态？语态是指表达句子主语与谓语之间关系的方式。
英文一般分为两种语态：主动语态（active voice）和被动语态（passive voice）。
二、主动语态（Active Voice）主动语态中，主语是动作的执行者。
主动语态的构成为：主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语。
例如：•Tom opened the door.（汤姆打开了门。
）•The dog chased the cat.（狗追赶了猫。
）主动语态常用于强调动作的执行者和执行者的行为。
主动语态的特点：•简洁：句子结构简单明了。
•重点在主语：强调动作的执行者。
三、被动语态（Passive Voice）被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态的构成为：宾语 + be动词 + 过去分词。
例如：•The door was opened by Tom.（门被汤姆打开了。
）•The cat was chased by the dog.（猫被狗追赶了。
）被动语态常用于强调动作的承受者和动作的结果。
被动语态的特点：•句子结构相对复杂：需要使用be动词和过去分词构成。
•重点在动作的承受者：强调动作的影响和结果。
四、主动语态与被动语态的转换在英文中，可以通过一定的方式将主动语态转换为被动语态，或将被动语态转换为主动语态。
4.1 主动语态转被动语态将主动语态转换为被动语态时，需要进行以下变化：1.将主语变为被动语态的主语2.将及物动词变为对应的被动语态形式（be动词 + 过去分词）3.将宾语变为被动语态的主语（可省略）例如：•主动语态：Tom opened the door.•被动语态：The door was opened by Tom.4.2 被动语态转主动语态将被动语态转换为主动语态时，需要进行以下变化：1.将被动语态的主语变为主动语态的宾语（可省略）2.将be动词和过去分词变为及物动词的对应形式例如：•被动语态：The door was opened by Tom.•主动语态：Tom opened the door.五、使用语态的注意事项1.判断重点：在选择使用主动语态还是被动语态时，需要根据句子的重点来决定。
各种时态的主动语态和被动语态谓语结构对照表①Lily writes many letters every day. (主动)②They visited this farm last year.（主动）③We have learned 3000 English words so far.（主动）Fill in the blanks with the Passive V oice1、Tea _______ (grow) in Fujian.2、Chinese __________ (speak) in China.3、The bed __________ (use) for sleeping.4、Our classroom _________ (clean) every day.5、The cars __________ (make) in Beijing.6.We will build a new lab. A new lab ____ ____ _____.(主动变被动)7. The blackboard was ________ (look) carefully by the students.8 The ship model ____ be ____ (make)in two days.1.An exhibition of paintings ____ at the museum next week．A．are to be held B. is to be held C. are holding D．will be held2. I’m sorry, sir．Your recorder isn’t ready yet．It ____ in the factory．A.is being repaired B is repaired C. has been repaired D hasn’t been repaired3. A lot of people in China can speak English now . （同上）English ______ ____ ______ by a lot of people in China now.4. I have learned English for about two years. （同上）English ______ ______ ______ for about two years.5. They will publish these story-books next month. （同上）These story-books _____ _____ _____ next month.6.People there planted many trees last year.Trees _____ _____ by people there last year. (青岛市中考题）7. They grow vegetables on the farm.The vegetables _______ ______on the farm（上海市中考题）8.Our school _____＿＿＿＿in 2002.(开办)9.The young trees must____ ____ ______ well.(照顾)10. _____ this building____ _____(建成)last year?11.The book _____ _______(写)by him last year.12. The bridge _______ _______(不建造)in1989..13.The 29th Olympic Games will____ ______(举行) in UK in 2012.14. He gives me a ring. I _______ ______ a ring ____ him.15. Jack made his little sister cry again. His sister _____ ____ ____ cry again.1．被动语态练习( ) 1 The People's Republic of China __ on October 1, 1949.A. foundB. was foundedC. is foundedD. was found( ) 2 English ____ in Canada.A. speaksB. are spokenC. is speakingD. is spoken( ) 3 This English song___ by the girls after class.A. often singsB. often sangC. is often sangD. is often sung( ) 4 This kind of car ___ in Japan.A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 5 New computers ___ all over the world.A. is usedB. are usingC. are usedD. have used( ) 6 His new book___ next month.A. will be publishedB. is publishingC. is being publishedD. has been published ( ) 7 The sports meet ___ be held until next week.A. didn'tB. won'tC. isn'tD. doesn't。
被动语态结构表一、被动语态的基本概念被动语态是一种动词形式，用于表达主语是动作承受者的句子。
在英语中，当不需要或不想指明动作的执行者，或者动作的执行者不重要时，常使用被动语态。
被动语态由“助动词be（或其变形）+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
二、被动语态的结构1.一般现在时被动语态：am/is/are + done（过去分词）o The book is read by many students.2.一般过去时被动语态：was/were + doneo The window was broken last night.3.现在进行时被动语态：am/is/are being + doneo The new bridge is being built now.4.过去进行时被动语态：was/were being + doneo They were being interviewed when I arrived.5.现在完成时被动语态：have/has been + doneo The report has been submitted to the boss.6.过去完成时被动语态：had been + doneo By the time he arrived, the work had been finished.7.一般将来时被动语态：will/shall be + done 或am/is/are going to be + doneo The new museum will be opened next month.8.过去将来时被动语态：would be + done 或was/were going to be + doneo He said the meeting would be held the next day.三、被动语态的用法1.强调动作的承受者：当需要强调动作的接受者而非执行者时，使用被动语态。
一、被动语态的结构：一般现在时：be done（be随人称变化）一般过去时：was/were done一般将来时：will be done现在进行时：be being done（前面的be随人称变化，后面的being固定）过去进行时：was/were being done（being固定）将来进行时：will be being done（being固定）现在完成时：have/has been done过去完成时：had been done将来完成时：will have been done将来完成进行时：will have been done现在完成进行时：have been being done过去将来时：would be done过去将来完成时：would have been done过去完成进行时：had been being done过去将来进行时：would be being done过去将来完成进行时：would have been being done公式：be+动词的过去分词应用范围：表示被动的情况，一般是及物动词有被动语态，切记不及物动词与一些固定词组是没有被动语态的。
例如：happen, take place英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。
例如：Many people speak English.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。
例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak 的承受者。
主动态和被动态指的是动词形式，是词法概念；而主动句和被动句则指的是句子结构，从而是句法概念。
所谓主动句就是由主动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子，而被动句则是由被动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子。
语法学习
(一)被动语态一览表
(二)主动语态变被动语态的步骤
1．找出主动语态句子中的宾语，放在句首充当被动语态主语
2．把主动语态句子中的谓语动词改为被动式(be＋过去分词)，再根据原句的时态套上时态。
3．把原主动语态句子中的主语变为宾格形式放在介词by后面，以指明动作的执行者。
常常省略此项。
(三)几点注意事项
1．在“感官动词see，watch，notice，find，hear，listen to或使役动词make，let，have＋宾语＋不带to的不定式”结构中，当其中的谓语动词用于被动结构时，其中的不定式必须加to。
Teachers make the students work hard.(主动语态)
The students are made to work hard by teachers.(被动语态)
2．下列动词give，teach，tell，show，offer，pay，ask等，后面常接双宾语，称为双宾语动词。
这类动词变被动语态有两种形式：
①间接宾语(sb.)＋be＋过去分词＋直接宾语(sth.)
②直接宾语(sth.)＋be＋过去分词＋to (for)＋间接宾语(sth.)
They gave me some books.(主动语态)
I was given some books.(被动语态)
Some books were given to me.(被动语态)。
主动语态和被动语态总结表格
特
点
主动语态被动语态
主语执行动作的人或事
物
接受动作的人或事物
谓语动词的原形或相应
时态
动词的过去分词形式，加上助动词（be）的相应时态
宾语接受动作的人或事
物
执行动作的人或事物（通常用介词by引出，但有时可以省略）
结构主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
主语（被动语态中的宾语） + be + 过去分词 + （by + 主语（主动语态中的
主语））
例子She reads a
book.
A book is read by her.
They built a
house.
A house was built by them.
He will finish
the task.
The task will be finished by him.
以下是一些注意事项：
1.被动语态中的助动词be根据句子的时态和主语的人称、数变化，如is, am, are, was, were, be, being,
been等。
2.并不是所有的动词都有被动语态，尤其是那些表示状态或自然现象的动词，如exist, happen, belong
等。
3.在被动语态中，主动语态的宾语变成了主语，而主动语态的主语则可能变成介词by的宾语，有时候
可以省略不提。
4.主动语态和被动语态可以互相转换，但有时候转换后句子的意思会有所不同。
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