2012.02.26初中语法讲解—代词练习
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代词【是什么】1. 人称代词主格、宾格形式及其主要用法;2.名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的形式、区别及其主要用法;3 反身代词的形式、意义及其主要用法;4常见不定代词的一般用法;5. 指示代词的一般用法,并了解其在上下文中的指代用法;6. 相互代词的基本用法;7.疑问代词的基本用法。
8. 关系代词的基本用法。
ﻫ【知识点】代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。
按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。
ﻫ一. 人称代词1.人称代词的人称、数和格,如下表所示。
2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。
通常主格作主语,宾格作宾语。
如:ﻫI like tab le tennis.(作主语)Do you knowhim?(作宾语)3.人称代词还可作表语。
作表语时用宾格。
如:---Whos is knocking at the door?---It’sme.4.人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以。
如:He is older than me.He is older than I am.二.物主代词1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。
物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,如下表所示。
2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词,可在句中作定语。
例如:ﻫOur teacher is coming to see us.ﻫThis is her pencil-box.ﻫ 3. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词,在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。
Our school is here, andtheirsisthere.(作主语)ﻫ--- IsthisEnglish-book yours? (作表语)--- No.Mineis in mybag.ﻫI've already finished my homework. Have you finishedyours? (作宾语)ﻫ三. 指示代词指示代词包括:this,that,these,those。
人称代词顺口溜:人称代词有两类,一类主格一类宾;主格代词本领大,一切动作由它发;宾格代词不动脑,介动之后跟着跑。
物主代词顺口溜:物主代词不示弱,带着‘白勺’来捣乱;形容词性物主代,抓住名词不放松;最后只剩名词性,海阔天空任它走。
人称代词的用法人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或主语补语。
一般在句首,动词前。
例如:John waited a while but eventually he went home.约翰等了一会儿,最后他回家了。
John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she.约翰希望那位乘客是玛丽,还真是她。
说明:在复合句中,如果主句和从句主语相同,代词主语要用在从句中,名词主语用在主句中。
在电话用语中常用主格。
例如:When he arrived, John went straight to the bank.约翰一到就直接去银行了。
I wish to speak to Mary. This is she.我想和玛丽通话,我就是玛丽。
人称代词的宾格在句中作宾语或表语,在动词或介词后。
例如:Do you know him?(作宾语) 你认识他吗?Who is knocking at the door?It’s me. (作表语)是谁在敲门?是我。
说明:单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格,即使它代表主语时也是如此。
例如:I like English. Me too.我喜欢英语。
我也喜欢。
注意:在动词be 或to be 后的人称代词视其前面的名词或代词而定。
例如:I thought it was she.我以为是她。
(主格----主格)I thought it to be her.(宾格----宾格)I was taken to be she.我被当成了她。
(主格----主格)They took me to be her.他们把我当成了她。
初中英语语法专项代词讲解及习题代词代词在句子中起到替代名词的作用,使得句子表达更加简洁明了。
在英语语法中,代词分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词和疑问代词等。
本篇文章将对这些代词做详细讲解,并提供相应的习题供大家练习。
一、人称代词(Personal Pronouns)人称代词根据在句子中的不同角色,可分为主格代词(subject pronouns) 和宾格代词(object pronouns)。
1. 主格代词:主格代词在句中作主语,常用的主格代词有:I、you、he、she、it、we、they。
例如:- I love to read.(我喜欢阅读。
)- She is a talented singer.(她是一位有才华的歌手。
)2. 宾格代词:宾格代词在句中作宾语,常用的宾格代词有:me、you、him、her、it、us、them。
例如:- They invited us to their party.(他们邀请我们参加他们的聚会。
)- Could you help me with my homework?(你能帮我做作业吗?)二、物主代词(Possessive Pronouns)物主代词用来表示所属关系,常用的物主代词有:mine、yours、his、hers、its、ours、theirs。
例如:- The red pen is mine.(这支红笔是我的。
)- Is this book yours?(这本书是你的吗?)三、指示代词(Demonstrative Pronouns)指示代词用来指代特定的人或物,常用的指示代词有:this、that、these、those。
例如:- This is my new car.(这是我的新车。
)- Those are her paintings.(那些是她的画作。
)四、不定代词(Indefinite Pronouns)不定代词用来指代不确定的人或物,常用的不定代词有:somebody、anybody、nobody、everybody、something、anything、nothing、everything等。
初中英语语法专题讲座——代词【复习要点】代词是代替名词的词或者起名词作用的短语和句子的词。
英语中代词有人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词、不定代词。
一、人称代词:1.人称代词的形式:英语中有以下这些人称代词:说明:⑴. 人称代词有主格和宾格之分,主格在句中一般用作主语、表语等,宾格在句中用作动词的宾语和介词的宾语。
⑵. 人称代词单数he, she 和it的复数形式都是they,宾格形式也相同,为them。
⑶. 第三人称的人称代词分阳性he / him,阴性she / her 和中性it /it,复数只有一个they / them,不分性别。
2.人称代词的基本用法:⑴. 主格人称代词用作主语或表语,例如:If he writes to you, you must write back. 如果他给你写信,你必须回复。
(用作主语)It wasn’t she who broke the window. 打破窗子的不是她。
(用作表语)在口语中,人称代词如果作表语,通常用宾格形式。
例如:Who is it? It’s me (us). 是谁呀?是我(我们)。
⑵. 宾格人称代词用作宾语(动词宾语和介词宾语)。
例如:Tell her to call me tomorrow, please. 请叫她明天给我打电话。
(用作动词宾语)I don’t want to put them under the table. 我不想把它们放在桌底下。
(用作介词宾语)人称代词独立使用时也用宾格形式,例如:I’d like to go back in here.— Me too. 我想回到这里来。
—我也想。
以下两句中的人称代词用主格和宾格都可以,用主格被认为较正式,用宾格为口语说法。
例如:My sister is two years older than I (am) / me. 我姐姐比我大两岁。
You are as tall as he (is) / him. 你跟他个子一样高。
WORD格式 - 专业学习资料 - 可编写代词代词的分类:英语中代词分为:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、疑问代词、连结代词和不定代词等等。
第一节人称代词、物主代词、反身代词1、人称代词:人称代词取代人和事物的名称 ,分为主格和宾格两种形式。
第第三人称第第第一单数一二二人人人第三人人阳阴中称称称复数称性性性称单复复单数数数数主Iyou he she it we yo they格( 我(( 他(她)(它 )(我u(他们 ,她们 ,)你)们)(你)它们 )们)宾meyou hi her it us yo them格( 我(m(她)(她 )(我u(他们 ,她们 ,)你( 他们)(你)它们 ) )们)(1)、主格用来作句子的主语、表语。
如: I often go shopping on Sundays. (星期天我常去购物 ) / Are they from Brazil? (他们是巴西人吗? ) / Where have they gone? (他们上哪儿去了? ) / That ’sit.(就那么回事 ) / It’s he! (是他! )(2)、宾格用来作及物动词或许介词的宾语。
如: Who teaches you English this year? (今年谁教你们的英语? ) / Help me! (救救我! )/ We often write letters to her. (我们常给他写信 )(3)、人称代词作表语或许放在比较状语从句连词than 或 as 此后时 ,能够用主格形式, 也能够用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。
如:--Who is it? (是谁? ) –It’sI/me. (是我。
)(4)、三个不同样样人称同时出现 ,或许主语中包含“我”时,依照“you →he→I”的次序表达。
如:Both he and I are working at that computer company.(我和他都在那家电脑企业上班 ) –Who will go there ?( 谁要去那边? ) –You andme .(你和我 )(5)、人称代词 it 除了能够指人指物之外 ,还能够表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况”等含义,其余还能够作“非人称代词”使用,取代作主语或许宾语的不定式、动名词或许名词性从句。
代词专项练习参考答案1.B.too much只能修饰不可数名词,much too 修饰形容词或副词,very much可修饰动词;many只能修饰可数名词,不能修饰不可数名词。
2.D.her作物主代词,意为“她的”,注意her还可作she的宾格。
3.B.句意:“我们都接到邀请,但我们谁没来。
”none是all的反义词,表示“(三者以上的)没有一个(人或物)。
”4.C.that作为代词。
代替主语weather. A项错误在于Baotou与前面的主语weather不相对应,无法比较。
代词that既可代替不可数名词,也可代替单数可数名词。
5.A.any用于疑问句和否定句,some用于肯定句。
6.C.your是形容词性物主代词,只能作定语修饰名词;mine是名词性物主代词,可作主语、表语和宾语,但不能作定语。
7.C.空白处填nothing是与前一句的empty相呼应、吻合的。
8.C.从后一句“去买些糖”可知“糖不多了”。
little的意思是“少”,有否定含义,只能修饰不可数名词,a little是“一点”,有肯定含义。
few和a few是修饰或代替可数名词,前者否定,后者肯定。
9.B.肯定句中用some,疑问句和否定句中用any。
10.D.前一句是否定句,故用any ;后一句是说话者恳请别人做某事,希望对方同意,并认为对方能同意,故用some。
11.D.too much只能修饰不可数名词,too many只修饰可数名词;A项只修饰形容词或副词;C项本身就是错误的。
12.D.every和each都作“每一个”讲,但every只能作定语;each既可作定语,还可作主语、宾语、同位语等成分。
both和all作主语(代替可数名词),谓语动词应用复数。
13.A14.C.代词作宾语应用标本宾格,us是we的宾格。
15.D.other意为“别的、其它的”,可修饰单数名词,也可修饰复数名词。
others表示“别人”或“别的事物”,是泛指的复数概念。
语法-----代词人称代词:主格、宾格物主代词:形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词反身代词代词指示代词不定代词疑问代词相互代词each other ,one another一.人称代词:主格宾格第一人称单数I me (我)复数we us (我们)第二人称单数you you (你)1.第三人称单数he / she / it him / her / it2.复数they them (他们)①第一人称单数代词I (我)无论在什么地方出现都要大写。
②人称代词的排列顺序:二,三,一(单数)一,二,三(复数)eg : you , he and I ( 你,他,我)we , you and they (我们,你们,他们)③人称代词作主语时要用其主格eg: they are nurses.she is a barber.•动词后用宾格eg : I help him and he helps me2. 介词后用宾格eg : Jim takes good care of meEx :1.Miss Zhang teaches ___ math.A. weB. usC. ourD. ours2. ___ like playing soccer with ___.A. Them , meB. They, IC. They , meD. Them,I3. Tom is a new student. ___ knew none of ____.A. He, usB.He , weC. Him , usD. His, we4. You can sit between____.A. he and IB. him and meC. me and him5. ___ all come here early.A. ThemB. SheC. WeD. Us1. ___ am a student . Jim is my brother .___ is a student ,too. Both of ___ like English.2. Mary is an English . ___ teaches us English.3. His mother asked ____ to look after his sister.4. ___ are students . So ___must study hard (我们)5. Can you look after ____? (他们)6. My father is very kind .__ likes talking to __ (我们).7. Do you know where Lucy and Lily are .___ (我)can’t find ____(他们)8. ____ am here. Can you see ___ (我)?9. Does ___(她)like ____ (它)?10 . ____(他) plays basketball better than ____(我)二、物主代词:“的”形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称单数my mine (我的)复数our ours (我们的)第二人称单数your yours (你的)复数your yours (你们的)第三人称单数his / her / its his/ hers / its(他的)复数their theirs (他们的)用法:形容词性物主代词+ 名词名词性物主代词相当于名词,Eg : This is my book = This book is mineThat is your pen , mine is in my bag.this is Lucy‘s coat,yours is different from hers1. ___ room is better than ____.A. They , usB. Their , ourC.Their, ours2. Is this ____ sister ? No, She is ____ sister.A. your , hisB. your, mineC. his , mine3. She is ___ English teacher . She teaches __ well.A. our, oursB. our , usC. their , they4. Must ___ go to ___ office now ?A. we , hisB. he , youC. they, yours5. You must bring ___notebook to the school.BA. youB. yourC.yours6. The red bag is ___ .___ is white.AA. his , MineB. him, MyC. mine ,Him7. Can ___ use ___ bike ?BA. I , youB. I , yourC. me, your三、反身代词:……自己第一人称单数myself (我自己)复数ourselves (我们自己)第二人称单数yourself (你自己)复数yourselves (你们自己)第三人称单数himself / herself / itself (他自己)复数themselves (他们自己)用法:与主语的人称一致Eg : I can teach myself English .We enjoyed ourselves .常用词组:1.Help oneself to sth 请自便/ 别客气You can help yourselves to the cake , children.2. enjoy oneself 玩得开心=have a good time3.teach oneself sth = learn sth by oneself 自学We can teach ourselves English.= We can learn English by ourselves .4.look after oneself 照顾自己5. leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下She can’t leave Tom by himself .6.by oneself 靠自己7.dress oneself 自己穿衣服8. say to oneself 自言自语9. lose oneself in 沉迷于e to oneself 苏醒11.kill oneself 自杀12.introduce oneself 自我介绍13.devote oneself to 专心于Ex.1.Lucy, can you do it by _____ ?2.My mother said she could look after ____.3.We must finish it by _____.4.They came to see the house ______ yesterday.5.Lilei can dress _______ and wash ____ .6.My parents enjoy_____ every day.7.Did he hurt _______?8.You can pick the apple by ______, John.9.Miss Liu taught ____ Japanese .10.The twins correct the mistakes by ___ .11.Who teaches ___ English ? He teaches ___.A. himself ,himselfB. him, himselfC. his , himself四、指示代词1、指示代词的形式:单数:this , that复数:these , those2、打电话时,常用“that”询问对方是“谁”,用“this”介绍自己。
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代 词【是什么】1。
人称代词主格、宾格形式及其主要用法;2. 名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的形式、区别及其主要用法;3 反身代词的形式、意义及其主要用法;4 常见不定代词的一般用法;5。
指示代词的一般用法,并了解其在上下文中的指代用法;6。
相互代词的基本用法;7. 疑问代词的基本用法。
8。
关系代词的基本用法.【知识点】 代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。
按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。
一。
人称代词 1.人称代词的人称、数和格,如下表所示。
主格宾格单数I 我 me 我第一人称复数we 我们 us 我们 单数you 你you 你第二人称复数you 你们 you 你们 he 他him 他she 她her 她第三人单数it 它it 它称复数they 他们、她们、它们them 他们、她们、它们 2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。
通常主格作主语,宾格作宾语。
如: I like table tennis 。
(作主语)Do you know him?(作宾语)3.人称代词还可作表语。
作表语时用宾格。
如:--—Whos is knocking at the door ?--—It’s me.4。
人称代词在than 之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以。
如:He is older than me.He is older than I am 。
代词部分用来取代名词、名词短语或句子的词称为代词。
代词可分为:人称代词、指示代词、疑问代词、反身代词和不定代词等。
第一节知识点概括一、人称代词数单数复数人称宾格主格宾格主格格第一人称I me we are第二人称you you you youhe him第三人称she her they themit it句子的成份例句Mrs. Suen is an English teacher. Sheteaches us geography.作主语(取代上文中提到的人或物)I can ’readt the story. It is written inRussian..Let her play now.直接宾语We often meet him at the school gate 作宾Granny offered us fruit.语(用间接宾语The sun gives us light and heat.宾格)Please sit between him and me.介词宾语The teacher took good care of us.–Who is that?作表语(用主格或宾格)– It ’ s me.It was I whom you saw at the station.1.人称代词不不过指人,也能够指事或物。
2.人称代词主格单数 he, she 和 it 的复数,都是they,宾格形式也相同,为 them。
3.第三人称的人称代词分阳性he(him ),阴性she(her)和中性 it( it ),复数只有一个形式 they( them),不分性别。
4.采用什么人称代词,取决于所要取代的名词。
在数和性上要与所取代的名词保持一致。
二、物主代词物主代词是用来表示所相关系的,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。
形容词性物主代词放在名词前作定语,相当于形容词;名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,相当于名词,能够作主语、表语或宾语。
代词【是什么】1. 人称代词主格、宾格形式及其主要用法;2. 名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的形式、区别及其主要用法;3 反身代词的形式、意义及其主要用法;4 常见不定代词的一般用法;5. 指示代词的一般用法,并了解其在上下文中的指代用法;6. 相互代词的基本用法;7. 疑问代词的基本用法。
8. 关系代词的基本用法。
【知识点】代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。
按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。
一. 人称代词1.人称代词的人称、数和格,如下表所示。
2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。
通常主格作主语,宾格作宾语。
如:I like table tennis. (作主语)Do you know him?(作宾语)3.人称代词还可作表语。
作表语时用宾格。
如:---Whos is knocking at the door?---It’s me.4.人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以。
如:He is older than me.He is older than I am.二. 物主代词1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。
物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,如下表所示。
1. this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人,that和those则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人,例如:This is a pen and that is a pencil.We are busy these days.In those days the workers had a hard time.2. 有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物,this 和these则是指下面将要讲3. 有时为了避免重复提到的名词,常可用that或those代替,例如:Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai.4. this 在电话用语中代表自己,that 则代表对方。
一. 用适当的代词填空。
1.--Is that car yours? --Yes, it is ______.2.--How is Mr Li? --_______is fine, thanks.3.--Put on______ hat! --I am going to put it on.4.The old man lives by ______.5.Look,is this room beautiful? I painted it _____.6.--I’d like to go for a walk.--______too.7--.What are ______jobs? --They are students. 8.Mary is old enough to take care of ______.9.Look at ____. She is very well. 10.Did you enjoy_______at the party yesterday?11.You and she did very well in the test.The teacher said that he would praise_____and______.12.The story______was very good, but you are did not tell it well.二;把下列各词填入适当的横线上。
Me she his myself ourselves our your its mine I you he it themselves Yourself himself hers theirs yours yourselves them we us they itself their人称代词:_________物主代词:__________反身代词:__________三、找出短文中的人称代词主格,划上横线:I Love My FamilyI have a happy family. There are four people in my family. They are my father, my mother, my b rother and I. My father is a doctor. He is very tall. He likes reading books. My mother is a teache r. She likes watching TV. My brother and I are pupils. We study in the same school. My brother i s strong. He likes playing football.They love me, and I love them, too. I love my family. Do you love it?四.填空。
1. (她) is a student. (她) sister is a student too.2. (我) want (你) to do it today.3. (他) twin brother is a worker. (他们) are twins.4. (你们) are from England. (我们) are from China.7. These pens are (他们). (你们) are over there.8. Can (你) read it for (我们)9 (她) is a student.10 (我) want (你) to do it today.五、用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词填空1. I ate all ____ sandwiches yesterday.( I ) Can I have one of ____ ? ( you )2. George has lost ____ ( his ) pen. Ask Mary if(是否)she will lend him ____ . ( she )3.. Jack has a dog and so have I. ____ ( he ) dog and ____ ( I ) had a fight (打架).4. The teacher wants you to return that book of ____ ( he )5. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend of ____ are coming to see us. ( they )6. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of ____ . (we )六、用适当的人称代词和物主代词填空A. 从括号内选择正确的代词填空1. Your football clothes are on the desk.Please put _________(they,them,their,theirs) away.2. (We,Us,Our,Ours)_________ English teacher is Mrs. Green.We all like _________(she,her,hers).3. (I,Me,My,Mine)_________ can’t get my kite.Could you help _________(I,me,my,mine)?4. Tom can’t get down from the tree.Can you help _________(he,him,his)?5. These are _________(he,him,his) planes.The white ones are _________(I,me,mine).6. We can’t find our bikes.Can you help _________(we,us,our,ours)?B. 填入正确的人称代词和物主代词1. This isn’t________knife. _________ is green. ( she )2. These are your books,Kate. Put __________ in the desk,please. (they )3. _______ must look after ________ things. ( you )4. Wei Fang,is that ________ ruler? Yes,it’s.( you )5. They want a football. Give __________ the green one,please. ( they)6. It’s Lin Tao’s bag. Give it to __________. ( he )7. Is this pencil-box Li Lei’s? No,___________ is very new. ( he )8. This box is too heavy. I can’t carry _________. ( it )Don’t w orry,Let __________( I ) help __________. ( you)9. _____ is a boy _____ name is Mike. Mike’s friends like _____ very much. ( he )10. My sister is in _____ room. _____ is a teacher. ( she )11. Jane is a little girl. _____ mother is a nurse. ( she )12. We are in _____ classroom. _____ classroom is big. ( we)13. My father and mother are teachers. _____ are busy ( them)14. You are a pupil. Is _____ brother a pupil, too? ( you )七、根据句意用适当的人称代词、物主代词填空:1. Mary works in a book store. _____ likes ______work very much.2. John and I are in the same school. ______ go to school together.3. Everybody likes that sport, do ______?4. She is a friend of _______ . We got to know each other two years ago.5. Her sister makes all ______ own dresses.6. I have many friends. Some of_______are good at English.7. May I use ______ bike? ______is broken.8._____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。
9.My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。
10.Who is there? It’s _____. 是谁啊?是我。
e with _____. 跟我来。
12.______ classroom is bigger than _____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。
13.______ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。
14.I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。
15.These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。
16._____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。
17.Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。
18.This is _____ father. 这是我的爸爸。
19.Is that bike ______? Yes, it’s ______. 那辆自行车是你的吗?是,它是我的。
20._____ like ______ car. 我喜欢他们的小汽车。
21.Our school is here, and _______ is there. 我们的学校在这儿,他们的在那儿。