人教版高中英语必修五book5unit4语法共37页

Inversion 倒装句
一、概述：
英语句子的基本语序是主语在前、谓语 动词在后（the natural order），当 语序颠倒时就成了倒装结构（the inverted order）。把谓语的全部放在 主语之前称为完全倒装；而只把助动词 或情态动词放在主语之前，则称为部分 倒装。
基本语序
4. “Is everything ready yet?” asked Hu
Xin to the photographer. Hu Xin asked the photographer, “Is everything ready yet?”
Rewrite these sentences using inversion. First, find the phrase to begin with. Then
2. Only then did I begin my work on designing a new bridge. I only began my work on designing a new bridge then. 3. Not only was there a Christmas tree, but also exciting presents under it. There was not only a Christmas tree but also exciting presents under it.
注意：当单数名词位于句首时，名词前无冠 词。
c. Child as he is, he knows good English.
5. 省略连词 if的条件副词分句 Were I you, I would not do such a thing. = If I were you, I would not do such a thing. Would the machine break down again, send it back to us. = If the machine would break down again, send

• 9. If it rain next week, the farmers could still have a good harvest. • A. should • B. could Should it rain next week,… • C. would • D. might
• 10．If the sun____tomorrow， what would we do？ • A．would not rise • B。should not rise • C。had not risen • D。does not rise
I love English.
完全倒装 full inversion
predicate + subject
Here came the headmaster.
部分倒装 partial inversion
助动词auxiliary/情态动词modal verb + subject + v +… Nerve will I forgive you.
• 8. your letter, I would have started off two days ago. • A. If I received • B. Should I receive • C. If I could have received • D. Had I received • If I had received your letter,…
① Child as she is, she knows a lot. → Though she is a child, she knows a lot.
② Busy as he is, he insists on studying. → Though he is busy, he … .

They won’t leave today. We won’t leave, either. T_h_e_y__w_o_n_’t__le_a_v_e__t_o_d_a_y_._N__e_it_h_e_r_/_N__o_r_w_i_ll__w_e..
注意 so/ neither ( nor)以及(yǐjí)助动词的确定
主语(zhǔyǔ)为代词时不倒装
第五页，共二十八页。
1.Under a big tree ____, half asleep.
A. did sat a fat man
B. a fat man sat
C. did a fat man sat D. sat a fat man
2.On the wall ___ two large portraits. A. are hanging B. hanged C. hang D. hangs
部分(bù fen)倒装
第二页，共二十八页。
完全(wánquán) 倒装
1. 以now, then, here, there, thus, so等副词开头的句子(jùzi)
2. 以out, in, up, down, away, off, on, high, low, back, over等表示方向或位 移的副词（短语）开头的句子
(我们才能解决(jiějué)这个问题).
只有你意识(yì shí)到英语的重要性了,你才会努力去学习它。
Only when you realize the importance of English _w_i_ll_y_o_u__ work hard at it. 只有他才知道事情的真相。
Only he knows the truth.

虚拟条件句的谓语动词如果是 were, had, should 时，可省略if, 但其谓语须倒装。
Summary：部分倒装的情况如下：
• 1. never, seldom, little, nowhere, no, not • 2. no sooner…than, hardly/scarcely…when • 3. in no way, at no time, by no means, in no case • 4. not only…but also • 5. so, neither, nor • 6. not until…. • 7. Only+状语 • 8. so/ such… that • 9. 省略if 引导的虚拟条件句
If I were you, I would try it again. Were I you, I would try it again.
If I should be free tomorrow, I’ll come.
Should I be free tomorrow, I’ll come.
9.省略了 if 的虚拟条件句
8. Only + 状语，位于句首
•[Only in this way] can you work out the problem. only+介词短语修饰整句
•[Only then] did I recognize her.
•only+副词修饰整句
[Only when the war was over] was he able to get back home. only+when/if/after的从句修饰整句
•I did not begin to do my homework until my mother came back.

【拓展】 . 表示“使〔某人〕快乐，使〔某人〕欣喜〞。

n. 快乐，快乐，使人快乐的人或事。

. , 令人愉悦的常用短语：() . 喜爱，以......为乐’s 令人快乐的是快乐地如： . 他幽默的语言让观众们很快乐。

a . 杰克是个讨人喜欢的年轻人。

. 卡尔以取笑他的同学为乐。

使她所有粉丝快乐的是，她很容易地赢得了比赛。

, . 听见下课了，男孩们快乐地冲出来教室。

【随时练】, (芭蕾舞会).A. B. C. D.【答案与解析】A。

因为某事而快乐；表示人或事物的性质，意为“令人愉悦的〞；〔感到〕惊悸的；可怕的。

2、 . ,表示“集中〔注意力、思想等〕〞常与介词连用，也表示“使......集中于一点〞，常用于被动语态。

’ . (P26)：A . 司机驾驶时应该专心于路况。

【拓展】 . 表示“集中的〞只能作定语；n. 表示“专心，聚集〞走神A. B. C. D.【答案与解析】B。

对......感到满足；对......感到骄傲；渴望；对......感到担忧。

4、 ., . . 表示“帮助；支援〞。

’ , ... (P26)常用短语：帮助某人做某事〔.〕 . 或. 我们都帮助修屋顶。

a .这个节目帮助年轻人容易找到工作。

【拓展】n. 表示“助手，助理〞；n. 表示“协助，援助〞，常用短语： . 帮助某人： . 从技术学校毕业后他成了厨师助理。

I ? 我可以帮助你吗？【随时练】A. B. C. D.【答案与解析】C。

. 帮助某人做某事；提供，常用 . ；供给，常用 . ；维持，养活。

5、 . . , 表示“获得，取得；学得〞。

. (P26)a() 得到……知识，精通： a .我们必须用功学习才能精通英语。

. 抽烟喝酒往往是一种后来习得的嗜好，并不是生来就有的。

【拓展】n. 获得；〔语言〕习得；获得物这位教师对儿童语言学习的理论感兴趣。

【随时练】A． B. C. D.【答案与解析】B。

句意：一些人返回学校想获取另一个文凭来增强社会地位。

May you succeed.
配套练习 1. Only when class began ____ that he had left his book at home.
A. will realize B. he did realize
C. did he realize dictation yesterday.
这里绝不允许吸烟。 （translate the sentence） At no time are you allowed to smoke here. In no way are you allowed to smoke here.
３. 用于no sooner…than和hardly/ scsrecely …when 句型中。 No sooner had she gone out than the class began.
6.用于省略if 的虚拟条件句
• If you had reviewed your lessons, you
might have passed the examination
Had you reviewed your lessons, you
might have passed the examination. 7.用于某些祝愿的句子。
Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.
当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句 不倒装。
Not only can mp3s provide us with fun, but also they can help us learn English well.
Unit 4 Grammar

• Little did he know who the woman was. • Never shall I do this again. • Never before have I seen such a moving film.
• By no means shall I change the plan. • In no way can theory be separated from practice. • Not until a week later did he receive the letter.
6. 用于省略if的虚拟语气条件状语从句。含有 should, had 或were, 可以省略if，将 should, had 或were提前。
• Were I to do the work, I should do it some other way. • Should I be free tomorrow, I could go with you. • Had they not trained so hard, they wouldn’t have won the match.
3. 用于only开头的句子；(修饰副词，介词短 语或状语从句）,主句要倒装。
Only by working hard can we succeed. Only when one is away from home dose he realize how nice home is. Only then did he realize what a silly mistake he had made.
倒装 (Inversion):
在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是 主语在前，谓语在后。但有时为了语法 结构的需要，或者是为了强调，谓语的 全部或一部分却提到主语前面，这种语 序叫做倒装。 倒装可分为: a.全部倒装 b语在前的句子，叫完全倒装。 Here comes the car. ２、部分谓语（情态动词、助动词、连系 动词）在前，谓语的主体部分仍在主语之 后的句子，叫部分倒装。 Only then did he realize that he was wrong.

Hardly/scarcely … when …, No sooner … than … 一……就……
3. Your dog runs here. Here runs your dog.
4. A picture hangs on the wall. On the wall hangs a picture.
1. In the rain stood a little girl. 2. Away went the boy. 3. Here runs your dog. 4. On the wall hangs a picture.
out.
部分倒装：把助动词/情态动词/be动词提到主
语之前 即: 助动词/情态动词/be动词 +主语 + 谓语剩下的部分。
Sentence patterns about partial inversion
1. Only + _状__语__ (副词/介词短语/从句) 放在
句首时 ,主句部分倒装。 Only when you listen to me attentively
2. 在以here, there, now, then等副词开头的句 子里, 谓语动词常为be, come, go等。 e.g. Here comes the old lady! Then followed another shot of gun.
3. 表示方向的副词out, in, up, down, away, off 等置于句首，要用全部倒装。
3. The problem is so easy that I can work it out. So easy is the problem that I can work it out.

Unit4 单元语法详解图解语法倒装在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后，即正常语序。

但有时为了语法结构的需要或表示强调，就要采取倒装形式。

倒装可分为完全倒装和部分倒装两种。

一、完全倒装：指的是整个谓语提到主语前面主要有以下几种情况：1.There lie(s)/exist(s)/stand(s)/live(s)/come(s)+主语+其他，是There be句型的变体。

There is a tall building on the top of the mountain.山顶上有一幢高楼。

There stands a temple on the top of the mountain.i顶上有一座庙。

2.表示方向和地点的副词（here，there，up，down，in，out等）或介词短语位于句首，且主语是名词。

There goes the bell.铃声响了。

Here comes the bus.公交车来了。

From the valley came a cry.山谷里传来一声叫喊。

In front of the house stood a tower.房子前面立着一座塔。

3.“表语+系动词+主语”结构。

Present at the party were Mr.Green and many other guests.出席宴会的有格林先生，还有很多其他宾客。

Seated on the ground are a group of young men.坐在地上的是一群年轻人。

4.某些表示祝愿的句子。

Long live China!中国万岁！二、部分倒装：指的是将情态动词、助动词、be动词提到主语前主要有以下几种情况：1.“only+状语（从句）”放在句首时。

“only+状语”位于句首时，句子用部分倒装；“only+状语从句”位于句首时，主句用部分倒装，从句不倒装。

Only in this way can you learn English well.你只有用这种方法才能学好英语。

高中英语学习材料madeofjingetiejiGRAMMAR倒装【归纳】英语中，有时出于句子结构的需要或为了强调某一句子成分，通常把谓语或谓语的一部分放在主语之前，称为倒装。

倒装分为完全倒装和部分倒装。

一、完全倒装完全倒装通常是把句子的谓语全部置于主语之前。

常见的完全倒装的情况有：1. 表示地点的介词短语位于句首且主语为名词而谓语为不及物动词时。

如：From the window came the beautiful sound of music.On the table stood two glasses and an empty bottle.2. out, in, up, down, off, here, there, now, then等副词位于句首且主语为名词时。

如：Down fell half a dozen apples.Here comes the bus.注意：主语为人称代词时，主语和谓语的语序不变。

如：Here she comes!3. 在there be结构中。

如：There is a man at the door who wants to see you.4. 作表语的形容词、过去分词等位于句首且主语为名词时。

如：Present at the meeting were Professor Smith, Professor Brown, Sir Hugh and many other famous people.Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the people in the country.二、部分倒装部分倒装通常是把谓语的一部分（如助动词或情态动词）提到主语之前。

常见的部分倒装的情况有：1. 含有否定意义的副词或连词hardly, never, not, little, seldom, no longer, not only, not until等位于句首时。

Only in this way can you solve this problem. 只有用这种方法，你才可以解决这个问题。
Only when you get to the top of the mountain can you see the tower.只有爬到山顶你才能看到塔楼。
Seldom do I go to work by bus.我很少乘公共汽车
完成句子 ①It was announced that only when the fire was under control ________________ to return to their homes. 据宣布，只有当火灾得到控制时，居民才被允许回家。 ② Not until the motorbike looked almost new ________ repairing and cleaning it. 直到摩托车看起来几乎新的一样，他才停止了修复和擦 洗。
may表示祝愿时，需 将may放在主语前。
例句
Not only do I come to school early，but also my teacher does.不但我到校早，而 且我的老师也来得很早。
No sooner had the game started than it began to rain heavily.运动会刚开始，天 就下起了大雨。
Lying on the floor was a boy aged about twelve.躺在地板上的是一个12岁的小男 孩。 Seated in the front were the guests.坐在前 排的是客人。
Present at the meeting were experts on AIDS.出席会议的是艾滋病方面的专家。

InversionShe is a kind person 英语句子的语序英语句子的自然语序：英语句子的倒装结构:主语在前，谓语动词在后谓语动词放在主语之前自然语序Is she a kind person? 倒装语序倒装语序分为“全部倒装”和“部分倒装”。

在全部倒装的句子中，整个谓语都放在主语的前面；在部分倒装的句子中，只是谓语中的一部分（如助动词、情态动词或系动词be等）放在主语前面，其余部分仍放在主语后面。

下面将常见的全部倒装情况分述如下：1、here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词。

例如：There comes the bus!Now comes your turn.2. 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。

例如：Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. 轰炸机肚底下窜出一枚导弹。

Ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐着一个老妪。

3. 在there be或者there live(stand, appear, seem, remain, exist….) 句型中。

例如：There are thousands of people on the square.There lived an old fisherman in the village.There stands a little girl.4.在某些表示祝愿的句型中。

例如：Long live the People's Republic of China! 中华人民共和国万岁！May you all be happy. 愿你们都快乐。

5.某些表语位于句首，保持句子平衡，以强调表语. 句式：表语＋系动词＋主语（必须是名词） 1)表语为介词短语Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candle s and toys. 2)表语为形容词 Present at the meeting were Mr White and many oth er guests. 3)表语为过去分词 Seated on the ground are a group of young people. 4)表语为进行时态中的现在分词  Lying on the floor was a boy. Standing beside the desk was a teacher.5)Such 作表语Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements.Such is life.注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。

__期__待_________
18.make an appointment___约_会_________
19.work experience ___工_作__经__验_____
20.arrange an interview ___安__排_采__访_____
1.Can I go out on a story immediately? 我可以马上出去采访吗？
( 对……有欣赏能力 ) • She has an eye for color and style in clothes.
• (对……有眼光 )
• Don’t poke your nose into other people’s business.(管闲事，插手与己无关的事 )
• George turned his nose up at classical music.( 对……不屑一顾，看不起 )
7.We say a good journalist must have a good “nose” for a story.
我们说，一个好记者必须具备对新闻非常敏感的 “嗅觉”。
have a nose for 对……嗅觉灵敏, 表示探查或发现 某事的能力。此类形象表达法还有：
• She has an ear for music.
on 后接一些名词如visit, holiday, business, trip等，常 与come, go等动词连用，用来说明活动或状态。
Practice: 她决定今年暑假去一趟英国。
She decided to go __o_n__a__v_i_s_it____ to England this
summer. 他去了长途旅行。
• 他被警察指控谋杀。 • H__e_w__a_s_a_c_c_u_s_e_d_o_f_m__u_r_d_e_r_b_y__t_h_e_p_o_l_ic_e.