2018年成人高校招生全国统考

2018年成人高等学校招生全国统一考试专升本医学综合一、A型题1-B小题，每小题1.25分，共105分。

在每小题给出的A、B、C、D、E五个选项中，请选出一项最符合题目要求的。

1.下列属于躯干骨的是【】A.锁骨B.胸骨C.肩胛骨D.舌骨E.髂骨2.能作屈、伸、收、展和旋转运动的关节是【】A.距小腿关节B.肘关节C.桡腕关节D.膝关节E.肩关节3.形成腹股沟韧带的结构是【】A.腹内斜肌和腹横肌下缘合成B.腹内斜肌腱膜C.腹横肌腱膜D.腹内斜肌和腹横肌腱膜合成E.腹外斜肌腱膜4.扁桃体的位置在【】A.喉前庭的侧壁B.鼻咽部的侧壁C.喉咽部的侧壁D.口腔的侧壁E.口咽部的侧壁5.右锁骨中线与右助号交点稍下方的是【】A.胆囊管的体表投影B.胆囊颈的体表投影C.胆囊底的体表投影D.胆囊体的体表投影E.幽门的体表投影6.属于腹膜内位的器官是【】A.肝B.胆囊C.胃D.胰E.子宫7.开口于上鼻道的鼻旁窦是【】A.上颌赛B.额窦C.蝶窦D.筛窦后群E.筛窦前中群8.与肺尖相对应的壁胸膜是【】A.肋胸膜B.膈胸膜C.胸膜顶D.纵隔胸膜E.肋膈隐窝9.包被于肾实质表面的结构是【】A.肾筋膜B.肾纤维囊C.肾脂肪囊D.肾周围脂肪E.脏腹膜10.前列腺的位置是在【】A.包绕尿道球部B.膀胱底与直肠之间C.尿生殖膈下方D.包绕尿道膜部E.耻骨联合与直肠之间11.输卵管外侧端的开口部位在【】A.卵巢B.腹膜腔C.卵果窝D.腹腔E.阴道后穹12.肺动脉的发出部位是【】A左心房B.右心房C.右心室D.左心室E.右心耳13.属于升主动脉的分支是【】A.右锁骨下动脉B.左颈总动脉C.右颈总动脉D.左锁骨下动脉E.冠状动脉14.下列属于胸主动脉分支的是【】A.头臂干B.肺动脉C.冠状动脉D.肋间后动脉E.椎动脉15.下列属于肠系膜下动脉分支的是【】A.回结肠动脉B.右结肠动脉C.左结肠动脉D.中结肠动脉E.空肠动脉16.支配小腿后群肌的神经是【】A.胫神经B.股神经C.腓浅神经D.闭孔神经E.腓深神经17.舌的味觉障碍可能受损的神经是【】A.面神经B.三又神经C.迷走神经D.舌下神经E.副神经18.位于额中回后部的中枢是【】A.视区B.书写中枢C.听区D.运动性语言中枢E.感觉性语言中枢19.迷走神经背核属于【】A.一般内脏运动柱B.一般躯体运动柱C.特殊内脏运动柱D.一般驱体感觉柱E.特殊躯体感觉柱20.眼球血管膜最肥厚部分是【】A.睫状体B.虹膜C.脉络膜D.现膜E.视网膜21.下列属于内耳结构的是【】A.鼓室B.鼓膜C.乳突小房D.咽鼓管E.耳蜗22.自身调节情况下对刺激产生反应的类型是【】A.应激反应B.旁分泌反应C.自分泌反应D.应急反应E.适应性反应23.钠泵活动最重要的生理意义是【】A.储备势能B.调节ATP分解量C.维持完整细胞结构D.维持细胞外液高钾E.维持细胞外液高钙24.动作电位到达神经末梢，引起的与末梢膜释放递质有关的离子流是【】A.K内流B.C内流C.Na内流D.Ca内流E.Mg外流25.组织液与血液各种成分的主要区别是【】A大分子蛋白质B.有机酸C.钠离子D.钾离子E.钙离子26.凝血酶的主要作用是【】A.加速因子复合物的形成B.使纤维蛋白原转变为纤维蛋白C.加速凝血酶原复合物的形成D.激活因子和E.激活血小板第3因子27.下列与心指数直接相关的参数是【】A.体重B.年龄C.体表面积D.身高E.能量28.动脉血压升高时心动周期主要的变化是【】A.等容收缩期延长B.房缩期延长C.快速射血期延长D.减慢射血期延长E.心室舒张期延长29.可引起心率减慢的调节因素是【】A.迷走活动增强B.交感活动增强C.肾上腺素增多D.甲状腺激素增多E.血管紧张素增多30.正常人平静呼气末胸膜腔内承受的压力是【】A.大气压一非弹性阻力B.大气压一弹性阻力C.大气压一肺回缩压D.大气压+表面张力E.大气压+十肺回缩压31.最大呼气末存留于肺中的气体量被称为【】A.补呼气量B.功能余气量C.肺泡气量D.用力呼气量E.余气量。

2018河南焦作成人高考考试科目_成考网权威发布2018河南焦作成人高考考试科目，更多2018河南焦作成人高考考试科目相关信息请访问成人高考网。

2018河南焦作成人高考考试科目导语：2018河南焦作成人高考考试时间安排在2018年10月28日至29日期间，大范文网河南焦作成人高考频道为大家整理了2018河南焦作成人高考考试科目信息，让我们一起来了解一下吧！【河南焦作成人高考考试科目】1、高中起点升本科统考科目：(1)理科类：语文、数学(理)、外语、理化(物理、化学合卷)。

(2)文科类：语文、数学(文)、外语、史地(历史、地理合卷)，艺术类专业数学考试成绩不计入总分，供录取时参考。

2、高中起点升专科(高职)统考科目：(1)理科类：语文、数学(理)、外语。

(2)文科类：语文、数学(文)、外语，艺术类专业数学考试成绩不计入总分，供录取时参考。

(3)医学类(含中医学类和药学类)各专业：语文、数学(理)、外语。

(4)中央司法警官教育学院开设的监狱管理、劳教管理专业：语文、数学(文)、外语。

(5)公安类院校各专业;语文、数学(文)、外语。

注：(1)外语设英语、日语、俄语三个语种，考生可根据招生院校对外语语种的要求选择一种。

(2)高中起点升本科和专科的公共课：语文、数学(文)、数学(理)、英语、日语、俄语、史地(历史、地理合卷)、理化(物理、化学合卷)实行全国统考，试题由教育部统一命制。

(3)高中起点升本、专科统一考试科目每科满分均为150分，考试时间为120分钟。

(4)艺术、体育等专业需加试的专业科目和考试时间，由各招生院校自定，并通知考生。

3、专科起点升本科统考科目均为三门：两门公共课为政治、外语;一门专业基础课。

根据招生专业所隶属的学科门类共分为八个科类，公共课和专业基础课考试科目分别如下：(1)哲学、文史及中医、中药学类：政治、外语、大学语文。

(2)艺术类：政治、外语、艺术概论。

(3)理工类：政治、外语、高等数学(一)。

2018 年成人高等学校招生全国统一考试专升本政治本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 )两部分，满分 150 分。

考试时间 150分钟。

一、选择题： 1~40 小题，每小题2 分，共 80 分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，选出一项最符合题目要求的。

1.可知论与不可知论的区别在于如何回答（）A. 世界的本质是什么的问题B.世界有无统一性的问题C.世界的存在是怎样的问题D.世界可否被认识的问题2.相对静止是物质运动在一定条件下的稳定状态，这是一种（）A. 唯物辩证法的观点B.形而上学的观点C.庸俗唯物主义的观点D.相对主义诡辩论的观点3.联系的观点和发展的观点是唯物辩证法的（）A. 实质B.总特征C.核心D.总规律4.和谐是矛盾的一种特殊表现形式，体现着矛盾双方的（）A. 绝对同B.相互分离C.相互依存D.绝对排斥5.在认识的本质问题上，唯物主义认识路线与唯心主义认识路线的对立表现为（）A. 一元论与二元论的对立B.反映论与先验论的对立C.可知论与不可知论的对立D.能动反映论与直观反映论的对立6.实践是检验真理的唯一标准.这是因为（）A. 实践具有自觉能动性的特点 B.实践是认识的来源C.实践具有直接现实性的特点D.实践是认识的目的7.社会存在指的是（）A. 社会的物质生活条件B.生产关系的各个方面C.社会的物质财富D.生产力的基本要素8.生产关系包括多方面的容，其中具有决定意义的是（）A. 产品分配关系B.生产中人与人的关系C.产品交换关系D.生产资料所有制关系9.上层建筑的两个组成部分是（）A. 意识形态和政治上层建筑B.意识形态和观念上层建筑C.政治制度和法律制度D.政治思想和法律思想10.社会革命和改革都根源于（）A. 新理念和传统观念的矛盾B.人口增长和资源匮乏的矛盾C.生产力和生产关系的矛盾D.社会存在和社会意识的矛盾11.在历史创造者问题上，两种根本对立的观点是（）A. 决定论和非决定论B.宿命论和唯意志论C.可知论和不可知论D.英雄史观和群众史观12.鸦片战争后，中国贫穷落后和一切灾祸的总根源是（）A. 帝国主义的压迫B.封建主义的压迫C.官僚资本主义的压迫D.民族资本主义的压迫13.新主义革命与旧主义革命的根本区别在于革命的（）A. 对象不同B.领导权不同C.动力不同D.前途不同14.指出：“在中国，离开了武装斗争，就没有无产阶级的地位，就没有人民的地位、就没有共产党的地位，就没有革命的胜利。

2018年成人高等学校专升本招生全国统一考试高等数学（一）。

答案必须答在答题卡上指定的位置，答在试卷上无效．．．．．．．（共三套及参考答案）第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共40分）一、选择题：1～10小题，每小题4分，共40分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．1．A．0B．1C．2D．不存在2．（）．A．单调增加且为凹B．单调增加且为凸c．单调减少且为凹D．单调减少且为凸3．A．较高阶的无穷小量B．等价无穷小量C．同阶但不等价无穷小量D．较低阶的无穷小量4．A．B．0C．D．15．A．3B．5C．1D．A．－sinxB．cos xC．D．A．B．x2C．2xD．28．A．B．C．D．9．设有直线当直线l1与l2平行时，λ等于（）．A．1B．0C．D．一110．下列命题中正确的有（）．A．B．C．D．第Ⅱ卷（非选择题，共110分）二、填空题：11～20小题，每小题4分，共40分．11．12．13．14．15．16．17．18．19．20．三、解答题．21～28小题，共70分．解答应写出推理、演算步骤．21．(本题满分8分)22．(本题满分8分)设y=x+arctanx，求y'．23．(本题满分8分)24．(本题满分8分)计算25．(本题满分8分)26．(本题满分10分)27．(本题满分10分)28．(本题满分10分)求由曲线y=x，y=lnx及y=0，y=1围成的平面图形的面积S及此平面图形绕y轴旋转一周所得旋转体体积．模拟试题参考答案一、选择题1．【答案】C．【解析】本题考查的知识点为左极限、右极限与极限的关系．2．【答案】B．【解析】本题考查的知识点为利用一阶导数符号判定函数的单调性和利用二阶导数符号判定曲线的凹凸性．3．【答案】C．【解析】本题考查的知识点为无穷小量阶的比较．4．【答案】D．【解析】本题考查的知识点为拉格朗日中值定理的条件与结论．可知应选D．5．【答案】A．【解析】本题考查的知识点为判定极值的必要条件．故应选A．6．【答案】C．【解析】本题考查的知识点为基本导数公式．可知应选C．7．【答案】D．【解析】本题考查的知识点为原函数的概念．可知应选D．8．【答案】D．【解析】本题考查的知识点为牛顿一莱布尼茨公式和定积分的换元法.因此选D．9．【答案】C．【解析】本题考查的知识点为直线间的关系．10．【答案】B．【解析】本题考查的知识点为级数的性质．可知应选B．通常可以将其作为判定级数发散的充分条件使用．二、填空题11．【参考答案】e．【解析】本题考查的知识点为极限的运算．12．【参考答案】1．【解析】本题考查的知识点为导数的计算．13．【参考答案】x—arctan x+C．【解析】本题考查的知识点为不定积分的运算．14．【参考答案】【解析】本题考查的知识点为定积分运算．15．【参考答案】【解析】本题考查的知识点为隐函数的微分．解法1将所给表达式两端关于x求导，可得从而解法2将所给表达式两端微分，16．【参考答案】【解析】本题考查的知识点为二阶常系数线性齐次微分方程的求解．17．【参考答案】1．【解析】本题考查的知识点为二元函数的极值．可知点(0，0)为z的极小值点，极小值为1．18．【参考答案】【解析】本题考查的知识点为二元函数的偏导数．19．【参考答案】【解析】本题考查的知识点为二重积分的计算．20．【参考答案】【解析】本题考查的知识点为幂级数的收敛半径．所给级数为缺项情形，三、解答题21．【解析】本题考查的知识点为极限运算．解法1解法2【解题指导】在极限运算中，先进行等价无穷小代换，这是首要问题．应引起注意．22.【解析】23．【解析】本题考查的知识点为定积分的换元积分法．【解题指导】比较典型的错误是利用换元计算时，一些考生忘记将积分限也随之变化. 24．【解析】本题考查的知识点为计算反常积分．计算反常积分应依反常积分收敛性定义，将其转化为定积分与极限两种运算．25．【解析】26．【解析】27．【解析】本题考查的知识点为二重积分运算和选择二次积分次序．28．【解析】所给曲线围成的图形如图8—1所示．2018年成人高等学校专升本招生全国统一考试高等数学（一）。

2018 年成人高等学校招生全国统一考试高起点英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，满分150 分。

考试时间120 分钟。

第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共105 分）一、语音知识：共 5 小题；每题 1.5 分，共7.5 分。

在下列每组单词中，有一个单词的划线部分与其他单词的划线部分的读音不同。

找出这个词。

1. A heat B clean C break D peace2. A. father B. thief C. neither D. thus3. A bear B wear C pear D. hear4.A. use B. excuse C. button D. music5. A. allow B power C. brown D below二、词汇与语法知识：共15 小题；每题 1.5 分，共225 分。

从每小题的四个选择项中，选出最佳的一项。

6. -Was the gentlemans name David?-No. I don't think so, but ,go on,please.A. many thanksB. I' d like toC. not at allD. never mine7. Our manager is not in right now. Can I a message?A. leaveB. takeC. giveD. write8. George ought to have arrived this time.A. duringB. onC in D. by9. Once Johnny starts painting a picture, he won't stop until it ..A had been finished B. was finishedC is finished D. will be finished10. The girl is waiting for her aunt on side of the road.A. otherB. the otherC. anotherD. one other11. I never seem to have any time with my parents.A to spendB spentC. having spen D spend 12.-Thestory is too hard to understand-Yes, it's short and there aren't many new words in it.A. sInce B becauseC if D. though13.- will John get to the company?-In three hoursA. How soon B How long C Howoften D. How fast14.They all looked so happy. They have succeeded after so many failures.A. must B wouldC shouldD could15. I came across this old book while I my roomA. cleanB. will cleanC have cleanedD was cleaning16.Tom is than George, but John is the of the threeA tallest: taller B. taller: tallestC tall: taller D. taller: tall17. The teacher asked all the students in the class to keep their eyes for a minute.A. closeB. closedC to close D. closing18. In the last five years the city out rapidly in all directions.A has spreadB has been spreadC. was spread D spread19. I think Vic feels surprised by the fact I' m smarter than he is.A. why B whichC when D. that20. A good teacher must be too strict too weak.A. either: orB. neither: norC. not only; but alsoD. both;and三、完形填空共15 小题；每题 2 分，共30 分。

2018年成人高考高起本考试英语真题(总分150, 做题时间150分钟)语音知识共5小题；每题1.5分，共7.5分。

在下列每组单词中，有一个单词的划线部分与其他单词的划线部分的读音不同。

找出这个词。

1.SSS_SINGLE_SELAheatBcleanCbreakDpeace该问题分值: 1.5答案:C2.SSS_SINGLE_SELAfatherBthiefCneitherD该问题分值: 1.5答案:B3.SSS_SINGLE_SEL AbearBwearCpearDhear该问题分值: 1.5答案:D4.SSS_SINGLE_SEL AuseBexcuseCbuttonDmusic该问题分值: 1.55.SSS_SINGLE_SELAallowBpowerCbrownDbelow该问题分值: 1.5答案:D词汇与语法知识共15小题；每题1.5分，共22.5分。

6.—Was the gentlemans name David?—No. I don't think so, but________ ,go on,please.SSS_SINGLE_SELAmany thanksBI' d like toCnot at allDnever mine该问题分值: 1.5答案:D本题考查日常交际用语。

句意：—那位先生的名字是大卫吗? —不，我觉得不是，但没关系，请继续吧。

many thanks 非常感谢；I'd like to 我想，我愿意； not at all 一点也不； never mind 关系，不用担心。

根据语境，本题选 D。

7.Our manager is not in right now. Can I________a message?SSS_SINGLE_SELAleaveBtakeCgiveDwrite该问题分值: 1.5答案:B本题考查固定搭配。

句意：我们经理现在不在。

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2018年全国成人高校招生统一考试时间表
（一）高中起点升本、专科考试时间表
（二）专科起点升本科考试时间表
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专科起点升本科招生专业与统一考试科目对照表一、哲学、文学、历史学以及中医学类、中药学类
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四、经济学、管理学以及生物科学类、地理科学类、心理学类、药
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教育部学信网申请学历在线验证报告办法
1.访问学信网（https:///）“学信档案”，使用学信网账号进行登录；
2.成功登录后，点击顶部菜单中的“在线验证报告”栏目；
3.进行《教育部学历证书电子注册备案表》的申请。

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2０1８年成人高等学校招生全国统一考试专升本试题英语第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共12５分)I。

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ｐarｅthｅuｎderlineｄparｔs aｎd idｅntify thｅｏne ｔhat iｓｄiffeｒent from the otｈｅrs iｎｐronuncｉatｉon、Mａrk ｙoｕｒanswｅr by blackeｎingｔhe corｒｅｓpoｎding letｔｅr on the Anｓwer Sｈｅｅt、1、A、caｐｔain B、sustainﻩC、contａinﻩDｒetain2、A。

penｓiｏn ﻩＢ、miｓsiｏnﻩC、ｔeｎsionＤ、reｖisioｎ3、A。

aｃｔresｓﻩB、bｕｓiｎess C、ｅxｃessﻩD。

enｄlesｓ4、A、bｉnatｉonﻩＢ、climｂingﻩＣ、ｂambooﻩD。

ａmbiｔｉoｎ５。

Ａ、blewﻩB。

ｃrｅwＣ、sewＤ。

JewI、Vｏｃabｕlａrｙａnd Ｓtruｃｔuｒe(15 ｐoinｔs)Direｃtions: Tｈere are15ｉｎpｌete seｎtenｃes in thiｓsection、Ｆｏr each ｓentence ｔhｅｒe ａre fourｃｈoicｅs marked A。

B、Cａnd D、Cｈoｏse ｏnｅansｗer thａt ｂest pleteｓｔhe sentence and blａckenｔhｅcorresｐondｉng leｔｔeｒon tｈe Answer Sheet。

6。

Ｉaskeｄtwo ｐaｓseｒｓ-bｙhow to get ｔo ｔhｅnｅw rａｉlｗａy stａt ｉon,but ｏf them knew ｉｔ、ﻩA、nonｅＢ、eiｔherﻩC、nｅitheｒﻩD bｏtｈ7、—The bｏsｓwaｎｔｓｔo talｋｔo you、He seemｓｕnhappy with ｙｏuｒｐerｆoｒmance。

2018年成人高考专升本英语真题及答案解析第1卷(选择题，共125分)I.Phonetics ( 5 points)Directions:In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letters or letter combinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined parts and iden-tify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answerby blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. A. penalty B. moment C. quarrel D. absent2. A. sympathy B. material C. courage D. analysis3. A. starvation B. suggestion C. satisfaction D. situation4. A. donkey B. turkey C. money D. obey5. A. revise B. consist C. advertise D. visitⅡ. Vocabulary and Structure ( 15 points )Directions : There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.6. Jonathan and Joe left the house to go for__ after supper.A. walkB. the walkC. wallksD. a walk7. He pointed at the new car and asked, "___ is it? Have you ever seen it before?"A. WhyB. WhereC. WhoD. Whose8. My father asked __ to help with his work.A. I and TomB. Tom and meC. me and TomD. T om and I9. Nowadays little knowledge __ to be a dangerous thing.A. seemB. seemedC. does seemD. do seem10. If their marketing team succeeds, they __ their profits by 20 percent.A. will increaseB. would be increasingC. will have increasedD. would have been increasing11. You'd better take these documents with you __ you need them for the meeting.A. unlessB. in caseC. untilD. so that12. I haven' t been to a pop festival before and Mike hasn' t __A. tooB. as wellC. neitherD. either13.__ is known to the world, Mark Twain was a great American writer.A. AsB. OnceC. ThatD. It14. John complained to the bookseller that there were several pages______ in the dictionary.A. lackingB. losingC. missingD. dropping15. Not until the game had begun __ at the sports ground.A. should he have arrivedB. would he have arrivedC. did he arriveD. had he arrived16. Moviegoers know that many special effects are created by computers, they often don' tknow is that these scenes still require a lot of work.A. ThatB. WhomC. WhatD. How17. The president is to give a formal __ at the opening ceremony.A. speechB. debateC. discussionD. argument18. When I am confronted with such questions, my mind goes __, and I can hardly remember myown date of birth.A. faintB. blankC. darkD. blind19. If they are willing to lend us the money we need,all our problems will be__A. solvedB. causedC. coveredD. met20. This article __ more attention to the problem of cultural conflicts.A. cares forB. allows forC. applies forD. calls forⅢ. Cloze ( 30 points)Directions:For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A,B0 Cand D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackeningthe corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.What enables some people to get big creative breakthroughs while others only get small and non-creative breakdowns, blaming themselves and society? Are some people "gifted"? Are there other factors 21 work--factors that we have more control over than we think?While nobody can deny the 22 that some people seem to be blessed with particular creativity, research shows that anyone can 23 their chances of coming up with new and original ideas 24 they would only engage themselves more in the process of 25 . It' s the old Thomas Edison thing about "discovery26 99 percent perspiration (汗水) and 1 percent inspiration. "27 , the studies prove this:great creative breakthroughs usually happen only28 intense periods of struggle. It is sustained effort towards a specific goal 29 eventually prepares for great creative insights.This kind of sustained effort does not always 30 immediate results, a fact that not only separates the innovators (革新者) from non-innovators, but 31 leads some people to conclude that it is just not 32 for them. "Maybe I should have gone to medical school like my mother wanted," they wonder when the breakthrough is 33 to be found. Alas, one forgets during inevitable encounters 34 self-doubt,that the big surprise is never 35 . Indeed,it can happen at any time and place.21. A. to B. in C. at D.by22. A. issue B. problem C. reason D. fact23. A. miss B. reduce C. increase D.lose24. A. because B. if C. while D. whether25. A. creation B. practice C. production D. achievement26. A. being B. be C. was D. were27. A. Sooner or laterB. Some day or otherC. Every now and thenD. Time and again28. A. beyond B. after C. above D. through29. A. that B. who C. what D. as30. A. create B. produce C. inspire D. encourage31. A. too B. once C. again D. also32. A. good B. difficult C. possible D. stupid33. A. anywhere B. everywhere C. somewhere D. nowhere34. A. against B. across C. with D. into35. A. far away B. used up C. cleared off D. near by IV. Reading Comprehension ( 60 points)Directions:There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by four questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, Cand D.Choose the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneDebate is a valuable way to practise communicating. It can also bring long-lasting rewards,especially for people working with Western businesses. The main activity of debate is presenting one' s opinion and suppmting it with evidence,such as statistics or facts. It is a way of persuasive communication. Charles Lebeau helped create the "Discover Debate" method. He says debate is important to understanding how people communicate in Western business. Successful debaters learn how to give their opinkm,reasans and support. "What we are trying to do is to develop a kind of thinking or approach to discussion and how to interact (交流) with someone else' s opinion, rather than brush their opinion aside. "Debate skills are also important in selling a product, he says. In that situation, the judges are the customem. "So on Monday, for example, one company may come in and present their case to the customer and they" ll make as strong a ease as they can. On Tuesday, the next day, another company will come in and present their ease to the customer. Usually the party that can present the strongest case wins”Debate also strengthens critical thinking. In other words, it helps students learn to ask questionsand try to understand someone' s reasons and evidence.lift-. Lebeau points out that successful debaters learn to listen carefully to what other people are saying. Then, they look for the weak points in someone else' s opinion orargument. He says debate teaches a systematic way of questioning.Successful debaters also learn to think from someone else' s point of view. Mr.Lebeau says debate can help broaden the mind. "There' s an expression in English : don' t criticize another person before you have walked in their shoes. I think the wonderful thing about debate is, it puts us in another person' s shoes."36. According to Paragraph 1 ,what is the purpose of debate?A. T o bring long-lasting material rewards.B. To present evidence such as statistics and facts.C. T o respond to questions in a systematic way.D. T o persuade people to accept your opinions.37. Why is debate important.9A. It helps people understand others better.B. It allows people to present their opinions.C. It develops one' s thinking and communicative competence.D. It gives one the opportunity to brush others' opinion aside.38. What does the underlined word "case" in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Container.B. Evidence.C. Problem.D. Product.39. What can debaters benefit from "walking in another person' s shoes" .9A. Becoming more broad-minded.B. Developing critical thinking.C. Finding others' weak points.D. Trying out others' methods.Passage TwoWe all love a hero, and rescue dogs are some of the biggest heroes of all. You will often find them going above and beyond duty to save someone, risking--and at times losing--their lives in the process.Rescue dogs are generally found in the Sporting and Hunting Groups, or from the traditional Herding Group. These types include the Bloodhound, Labrador Retriever, Newfoundland, German Shepherd, Golden Retriever, and Belgian Malinois--all of which are chosen for search-and-rescue duty because of their amazing physical strength, loyalty, and their tendency for mental stability.These types also have a keen sense of hearing and smell--to better locate lost individuals—and are often able to access hard-to-reach areas. As highly trained animals, they serve in many different fields, including specialist search, snow slide rescue, dead body location, and tracking.To overcome obstacles and succeed when performing the demanding duties of a search-and-rescue worker, a dog must display certain qualities. In addition to intelligence and strength, the dog must be swift, confident, easily trainable, adaptable, and have a high level of stamina (耐力) and endurance.A strong sense of group cooperation and an ability to engage in friendly play during "down" time is also required of search-and-rescue dogs.A rescue dog goes through many, many hours of intensive training to be fit for duty. Training is not for the faint-hearted. Certification training can take from two to three years, working three to four hours a day, three to six days a week, oftenin group,team-oriented sessions.Each search-and-rescue field requires different types of training. Rescue training, for instance, includes "air scenting"--where dogs are trained to smell the air for the victim' s scent (气味) and then follow the scent to the person. This ability is crucial to finding victims trapped under collapsed buildings and snow slide.40. Rescue dogs are chosen probably because__A. they are loyalB. they are braveC. they have amazing appearancesD. they have good eyesight41. What does "faint-hearted" in Paragraph 5 mean??A. Courageous.B. Cowardly.C. Energetic.D. Slow.42. Which ability is most important for dogs to rescue people trapped in snow?A. Sharp hearing.B. Swift movement.C. Extraordinary smelling.D. A strong memory.43. What is the passage mainly about?A. Selection process of rescue dogs.B. Qualities and training of rescue dogs.C. Risks rescue dogs are faced with.D. Types of tasks rescue dogs can perform.Passage ThreeEating an apple a day doesn' t keep the doctor away, but it does reduce the amount of trips you make to the drug store per year. That ' s according to a newstudy that investigates whether there' s any truth in the old saying.A team of researchers led by Dr Matthew Davis, of the University of Michigan School of Nursing,asked 8,399 participants to answer survey questions about diet and health. A total of 753 were apple eaters, consuming at least 149g of raw apple per day. The remaining 7,646 were classed as non-apple eaters. When both groups answered questions on trips to the doctor and trips to the drug store per year,the apple eaters were found to be 27% less likely to visit the druggist for drugs.Trips to the doctor were not significantly affected by apple consumption, though. "Evidence does not support that an apple a day keeps the doctor away. However, the small number of US adults who eat an apple a day does appear to use fewer prescription medications," the study concludes.Apple eaters were also found to be less likely to smoke and be more likely to have a higher educational attainment than non-apple eaters. While apples do not compete with oranges, they docontain some immune (免疫的) system-increasing vitamin C, which may be why apple-eaters visit the druggist less. With over 8mg of vitamin C per medium-sized fruit, an apple can provide roughly 14% your daily recommended intake.Previous studies have also linked apple consumption to a lower risk of Type 2 diabetes (二型糖尿病) ,improved lung function and a lower risk of colon (结肠) cancer.44. How many non-apple eaters answered survey questions in the research?A. 149.B. 7,646.C. 753.D. 8,399.45. What is the conclusion of the study?A. Apple consumption has greatly reduced US adults' trips to the doctor.B. An apple a day does keep the doctor away.C. Apples are far more nutritious than oranges.D. A small number of US adult apple eaters tend to take less medicine.46. What can we learn from the passage?A. Apples are better than oranges.B. Apples do have some vitamin C to increase the immune system.C. Apples can help cure certain diseases.D. Apples can provide people with sufficient daily intake of energy.47. What can be described as the writing style of this passage?A. Objective.B. Creative.C．subjectiveD．persuasivePassage FourSometimes I scratch my head when I read about the government' s efforts to improve schools:new standards and tests to be applied, strict teacher evaluations, and threats of school closures and job losses. They frighten the school employees,not to mention the students. Instead of making people unable to solve problems or try new ideas--which is what fear does to us--research on school reform strongly suggests that policy-makers should encourage school leaders to take a more humane approach. In their study on the reform efforts of twelve Chicago public schools, Bryk and Schneider found that enabling positive social relationships between the adults was the key to successful school improvement and that trust was at the heart of those relationships.Trust in schools comes down to one thing:psychological safety or safety to speak one's mind,to discuss with openness and honesty what is and isn' t working,to make collective decisions.Yet this kind of safety doesn' t come easily to schools. According to Bryk and Schneider, the adults in school rely on each other to do their jobs correctly and with integrity （正直). The challeage is that our expectations are very diverse based on our unique backgrounds.At one school where I taught, each teacher had different expectations about how much effort teachers should put into their work--a big difference between the teachers who left af~the last bell and those who worked into the evening. And when expectations are uncoasci or unspoken, it becomes impossible for others to live up to them.We also make assumptions about the intentions behind a person' s behavior. As we all Imam,assumptions are often wrong. For example, parents and teachers my think the principal taml particular decision based on his career advancementrather than hat" s best for the studeata. don't feel psychologically safe to question our assumptions and e~aecmtiatm, trust itiea am the window and our relationships suffer.48. According to Paragraph 1,why does the author scratch his head?A. Because he doesn' t know what to do once schools are closed.B. Because he is not sure about the practicability of those new tests.C. Because he is concerned that many teachers will lose their jobs.D. Because he is not in favor of the government' s reform efforts.49. According to Bryk and Schneider, what was most important for successful school improvemt?A. New standards and tests in schools.B. Positive social relationships.C. Strict teacher and student evaluations.D. Assistance of the government.50. What is meant by trust in school?A. Freedom to express one' s views,B. Extra effort teachers put into their work.C. Independence of the teachers in schools.D. Unconscious and unspoken expectations.51. What does the author say about the assumptions made about the intentions behind a person's behavior?A. They should be trusted.B. They are often bold.C. They are often incorrect.D. They should be encouraged.Passage FiveAn interesting project called Blue Zones is recording the lifestyle secrets of the communities with the highest, hest concentrations of centenarians in the world.The people in the five regions in Europe, Latin America,Asia and the US that live to be 100 have a lot going for them. Genes probably play a small role, but these folks also have strong social ties ,tightly-knit families and lots of opportunities to exercise.As we were examining the dietary secrets of the Blue Zones, as described in author Dan Buettner" s latest book, The Blue Zones Solution, we were struck by how essential tea drinking is in these regions. In fact, Buettner' s Blue Zones Beverage Rule--a kind of guideline summarized from his 15 or so years of studying these places--is:" Drink coffee for breakfast, tea in the afternoon, wine at 5 p. tm"Science has plenty to say about the healthful virtues of green tea. Researchers are most enthusi- astic almt the components in green tea, as well as foods like cocoa. Why might they help so many Okina~vans in Japan break 1007 Some components in green tea can lower the risk of stroke,heart disease attd several cancers. One review study also found that drinking green tea can slightly improve metabolism (新陈代谢).If you find yourself on the island of Ikaria, the Greek Blue Zone in the middleof the Aegean, you won't be offered any tea made with tea leaves. Instead, Ikarians typically make their daily cup of tea with just one fresh herb that they have picked themselves that day--either rosemary, wild sage,oregano,nmrjotmn,mint or dandelion,all plants that may have anti-inflammatory (消炎的) properties,which may help lower blood pressure. This could explain Ikaria' s very low dementia (痴呆) rate,since high blood pressure is a risk factor for the disease.52. What does the underlined word "centenarians" in Paragraph 1 refer to?A. People who have secret lifestyles.B. People who enjoy physical exercise.C. People who are one hundred years old or older.D. People who carry the gene for being slim.53. According to Paragraph 3 ,what is the recommended time for tea drinking?A. In the morning.B. Any time of a day.C. In the early evening.D. In the afternoon.54. What may the tea Ikarians drink daily help?A. T o improve metabolism.B. To lower blood pressure.C. T o lower life stress.D. T o improve social relationships.55. What might be the best title of the passage?A. T ea-Drinking TipsB. Lifestyle Secrets of IkariansC. T ea-Drinking Ceremony in OkinawaD. Blue Zones SolutionsⅤ.Daily Conversation ( 15 points)Directions:Pick out appropriate expressions from the eight choices below andcomplete thefollowing dialoaue by blackenina the corresuondina letter on the Answer Sheet.Woman : Hello, Mr. Johnson' s office.Man : Good morning. 56 ？Woman : Sorry,he' s in a meeting at the moment. 57 ？Man:Yes. This is Steve Lee from Brightlight Systems. 58 ？Woman:Tomorrow afternoon in your office.Man : 59Woman : Okay. 60Man : Thank you.第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，共25分)Ⅵ. Writing ( 25 points)Directions:For this part, you are supposed to write an essay in English in 100 - 120 words based on the following information. Remember to write it clearly.61．你(Li Yuan)组织同学进行了一次烧烤野餐(barbecue)。

2018 年成人高等学校招生全国统一考试专升本医学综合一、A 型题：1～20 小题。

每小题1.25 分。

在每小题给出的A、B、C、D、E 五个选项中，请选出一项最符合题目要求的。

1.动脉血压升高时心动周期主要的变化是（）。

A.等容收缩期延长B.房缩期延长C.快速射血期延长D.减慢射血期延长E.心室舒张期延长2.正常成人代谢率最低的情况见于（）。

A.清醒平卧B.熟睡C.闭目思考D.深呼吸E.餐前半小时3.男，65 岁。

间断咳喘 20 年，曾被确诊为“慢性阻塞性肺疾病”。

因喘憋加重伴双下肢水肿半年就诊。

引起水肿最可能的原因是（）。

A.肝硬化失代偿B.慢性右心衰竭C.下肢静脉血栓D.药物不良反应E.营养不良4.男，2岁。

玩耍中突发呼气性呼吸困难半小时急诊就诊。

最可能出现的肺部体征是（）。

A.肺部局限性干啰音B.双肺布满哨笛音C.双肺粗大湿啰音D.胸膜摩擦音E.双肺底捻发音5.某患者持续发热（T38～39°C）4 小时后体温骤降至正常，2 天后体温再度迅速上升并波动在38.5~40°C数小时后迅速降至正常，其热型是（）。

A.稽留热B.间歇热C.弛张热D.不规则热E.回归热6.男，50 岁。

间断反酸，规律性剑突下疼痛 2 年，排柏油样便 2 天。

最可能的诊断是（）。

A.急性糜烂出血性胃炎B.胃癌伴消化道出血C.消化性溃疡并出血D.贲门黏膜撕裂综合征E.食管静脉曲张破裂出血7.女，68 岁。

进油腻性食物后右上腹绞痛，向背部放射伴呕吐2 天就诊。

血生化:ALT：102U/L，AST：98U/L，血胆红素升高，以直接胆红素升高为主，尿胆红素阳性。

引起胆红素升高最可能的原因是（）。

1 / 8A.急性肝炎B.胆系结石C.尿路结石D.急性胰腺炎E.自身免疫性溶血性贫血8.有关测量血压的叙述，正确的选项是（）。

A.听诊器胸件置于袖袋下B.血压计置于肘关节水平C.袖袋充气至日常血压水平放气D.取两次测得血压的高值E.检查前需要休息 5 分钟以上二、B 型题：9～22 小题，每小题1.25 分。