吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》章节题库(含考研真题)(理性时代和革命时期文学)【圣才出品】

第二部分章节题库第1单元本杰明·富兰克林І.Fill in the blanks.1.If we say Jonathan Edwards represents the upper levels of the American mind, _____represents the lower levels.【答案】Benjamin Franklin【解析】美国文学评论家范·威克·布鲁克斯（Van Wyck Brooks）在《美国的成年》(America’s Coming of Age)中指出乔纳森·爱德华兹和本杰明·富兰克林是美国18世纪的两位重要的哲学家，他们是不同层次思想的代表。

2.Franklin’s claim to a place in literature rests chiefly on his_____and_____.【答案】Poor Richard’s Almanac，The Autobiography【解析】富兰克林在文学上的地位主要取决于《穷查理历书》和《自传》。

3.In American literature,the eighteenth century was an Age of_____and Revolution.【答案】Reason【解析】18世纪的美国处于理性与革命时期。

这一时期的美国深受法国启蒙思想的影响，且处于独立革命时期。

4.Franklin was the epitome of the_____,the versatile,practical embodiment of national man in the18th century.【答案】Enlightenment【解析】富兰克林是启蒙思想的缩影，是18世纪理性的代表。

5.Benjamin Franklin’s best writing is found in his masterpiece_____.【答案】The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin【解析】本杰明·富兰克林文学上最大的成就体现在他的作品《本杰明·富兰克林自传》上。

（0171）《美国文学史及选读》复习思考题答案I. Write out the authors’ names of the following works. (15)Benjamin Franklin T. S. EliotJames Cooper Walt WhitmanJames Baldwell Ernest HemingwayJoseph Heller John SteinbeckWilliam Faulkner Mark TwainWashington Irving Ernest HemingwayRobert Frost Toni MorrisonRalph Ellison Eugene O’NeillJohn Steinbeck Allan PoeF. Scott Fitzgerald Tennessee WilliamsWashington Irving Robert FrostNathaniel Hawthorne Herman MelvilleEugen e O’Neill Mark TwainWilliam Faulkner Robert FrostArthur Miller James CooperH. D. Thoreau Henry JamesWhitman Jack LondonJack London O’NeillII. Define the following literary terms. (20)Beat generation:The term was coined by Jack Kerouac in 1948 to refer to a group of disillusioned writers following World War Two. Later, this literary and cultural movement continued into the 1960s. The Beat Generation must not be confused with the Lost Generation of writers. Spokesmen and representatives of the Beat Generation were Jack Kerouac, AllenGinsberg and others. They revolted against an America that was materialistic, belligerent and frustrating. Social, intellectual and sexual freedom was advocated. Traditional culture and normal social behavior were attacked and violated. Many of them were drug addicts wearing long hair and dirty clothes. They were fond of slangs and jazz. Masterpieces created by writers of this group include Kerouac‟s On the Road and Ginsberg‟s Howl and Other Poems, which were regarded as pocket Bibles of that generation. Other prominent Beats include William S. Burroughs, Lawrence Ferlinghetti, Gregory Corso, Michael McClure, and Neal Cassady. The Beat Generation, had greatly influenced the countercultural movements of the 1960s and the adolescents and adults in other countries. In England, the “angry young men” made an echo and imitated the American “beatnik.”Protagonist: the principal character in a play or story; the central character who serves as a focus fo r the work‟s themes and incidents and as the principal rationale for its development; and one who is opposed to the antagonist. In the beginning of ancient Greek drama, there were only a chorus and one actor—the leader of the chorus. Thespis invented the first actor. Then Aeschylus and Sophocles added the second and third actors to the tragedy respectively. The three actors were names Protagonist, Deuteragonist and Tritagonist. In discussions of modern literature, the protagonist is sometimes referred to as the hero or anti-hero.Biography:an account of a person‟s life written by somebody else, or biographical writing as a form of literature.Novel: Generally speaking, it is an imaginative prose narrative of extended length dealing with fictional characters and events. The constituent elements of a novel include plot, character, conflict, and setting. But there can be exceptions. Some novels are short. Some novels are not fictional. Some novels are in verse. And some novels do not even tell a story. There have been many debates over the appropriate length of a novel. No established length for a novel has been agreed upon. It is generally held, however, that a full-length novel is longer than a novella or short novel, and a short novel is longer than a shot story. A novel should be long enough so as to appear in print in an independent volume. The great length of a novel makes it possible for the characters and themes in it to be developed more fully and subtly.Antihero: a main character in a story, novel, play or film who behaves in a completely different way from what people expect a hero to do. A non-hero is without the qualities and features of atraditional or old-fashioned hero. He is doomed to fail. Antiheroes of early days were Don Quixote, Macbeth, Rip V an Winkle, and Tristram Shandy. Examples of antiheroes in modern literature include Leopold Bloom, Jim Dixon, Jimmy Porter, Herzog, and Y assarian.Free verse:a form of poetry without rhyme, meter, regular line length, and regular stanzaic structure. It depends on natural speech for rhythm. Robert Frost compared it to “playing tennis with the net down.” Though much simpler and less restrictive than conventional poetry and blank verse, free verse does no mean “formlessness.” T. S. Eliot once said that “no verse is free for the man who wants to do a good job.” Though its origin is unknown, it was attempted by such early poets as Surrey, Milton, Blake, and Macpherson. It was Whitman who did the greatest contribution to the development and popularity of free verse. Whitman favored the simplicity and freedom of expression. According to him, “The art of art, the glory of expression and the sunshine of light of letters is simplicity. Noting is better than simplic ity.”Drama: a form of literature written for actors to perform. A drama is divided into acts. An act can be subdivided into scenes. The constituent elements of a drama include dialogue, plot, characters, setting, stage direction, and others. A drama can be as long as three parts called trilogy, or as short as one act only. Greek drama originated in religious ceremonial in honor of Dionysus. Medieval drama developed out of rites celebrating the life events of Jesus Christ. Dramatists of great importance in literary history include Sophocles, Shakespeare, Ibsen, and Shaw. In America, the firs important dramatist was Eugene O‟Neill who wrote the first serious plays. Before O‟Neill, America had theatre. Starting from O‟Neill, it began to have drama.Jazz age: Jazz is a form of dance music that is derived from early Afro-American folk music, ragtime, and Negro blues. It is marked with exciting rhythm, pronounced syncopation, and constant improvisation. The musical instruments used are mainly drums, trumpets, and saxophones. Major composers of Jazz music include Irvin Berlin and W. C. Handy. The term Jazz Age was specifically employed by Fitzgerald to denote the 1920s, which was characterized by the loss of traditional moral standards, indulgence in romantic yearnings, and great social excitement. According to Malco lm Cowley, the Jazz Age was “a legend of glitter, of recklessness, and of talent in such profusion that it was sown broadcast like wild oats.” F. Scott Fitzgerald‟s Tales of the Jazz Age, like Mark Twain‟s The Gilded Age, was an epoch-making work.Autobiography: a story a writer writes about his or her own life experiences. It is narrated fromthe first-person point of view. The term was probably first used by Southey. But the first important autobiography was Confessions written by Augustine of Hippo. Othe r examples include Franklin‟s Autobiography, Adams‟s The Education of Henry Adams, John Stuart Mill‟s Autobiography, Carlyle‟s Reminiscences, Henry David Thoreau‟s Walden, and so on. Sometimes, an autobiography can be fictionalized. An example of this kind is Rousseau‟s Confessions. Some novels and long poems are used for autobiography. Joyce‟s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Whitman‟s “Song of Myself” and Wordsworth‟s The Prelude fall in this category. Dickens‟s David Copperfield, Lawrence‟s Sons and Lovers and O‟Neill‟s Long Day’s Journey into Night have strong autobiographical elements in them.Blank verse: poetry that does not rhyme but has iambic pentameter lines. Though not originated in England or America, it has been the most important and most widely used English verse form. Blank verse is popular because it is closest to the rhythm of daily English speech. Thus most English poems which are dramatic, reflective or narrative are in the form of blank verse. This verse was probably first used in England by Surrey who translated Aeneid, by Sackville and Norton who composed Gorboduc. It was developed and perfected by Marlowe, Shakespeare and Milton. In the 18th century, most poets favored heroic couplets. But Y oung and Thomson were able to write in the tradition of blank verse. The 19th century saw a renewed interest in this poetic form. Masters of blank verse included Wordsworth, Coleridge and Bryant. The fact that blank verse is still practiced by writers like T.S. Eliot, Y eats, Frost and Stevens shows how influential and favorable it really is.Black humor:a term frequently used in modern literary criticism. It is sometimes called …black comedy‟ or …tragic farce.‟ It is humor or laughter resulting from great pain, despair, horror and the absurdity of human existence. Black humor is a common quality of modern anti-novels and anti-dramas. Examples are Franz Kafka‟s stories like “Metamorphosis”, “The Castle” and “The Trial”, Joseph Heller‟s novel Catch-22and Albee‟s The Zoo Story. Other writers who did much contribution to the popularity of black humor were Beckett, Camus, Ionesco, V onnegut, Pynchon and so on.Head rhyme: the use in verse or prose of several words close together which all begin with the same letter. It is done for special musical effect comparable to the effects of end rhyme. In mostcases, alliteration is the repetition of identical initial consonant sounds. Examples are Pope‟s “For fools rush in where angels fear to tread,” Poe‟s “The weary, wayworn wanderer bore,” and Coleridge‟s“Five miles meandering with a mazy motion.” Alliteration of initial vowels is quite limited in number. An example of vowel alliteration is “It is impossible to enjoy idling thoroughly unless one has plenty of work to do.”Surprise Ending:Also called “O. Henry ending,” it is a completely unexpected turn or revelation of events at the conclusion of a story or play. An example is “The Necklace” by Guy de Maupassant. Another instance is O. Henry‟s story “The Gift of the Magi.”III. Give brief answers to the following questions. (15)1.Who is the father of American literature? (Consult your book)2.Who is the father of American poetry? (Consult your book)3.What is Poe‟s theory concerning poetry? (Consult your book)4.What is Poe‟s theory concerning the short story? (Consult your book)5.What are the major characteristics of Twain‟s writing style? (Consult your book)6.What are the major characteristics of Irving‟s writing style? (Consult your book)7.What is “black humor? (Consult your book)8.What is the Harlem Renaissance? (Consult your book)9.What is the New England Renaissance? (Consult your book)10.What are the major characteristics of colonial American literature? (See your book)11.What is the Lost Generation? (Consult your book)12.What are Benjamin Franklin‟s contributions to A merican culture? (See your book)13.Why is colonial American literature neither American nor literary? (See your book)14.What is the Jazz Age? (Consult your book)15.What is American transcendentalism? (Consult your book)16.What is imagism? (Consult your book)17.What is O. Henry Ending? (Consult your book)18.What is free verse? (Consult your book)IV. Read the following poem and try to understand and explain it.(20)FogTHE FOG comesOn little cat feet.It sits lookingOver harbor and cityOn silent haunchesAnd then moves on(An imagist poem by Carl Sandburg; depicting the fog and its movement; free verse written in the tradition of Whiman.)In a Station of the Metro(Ezra Pound)The Apparition of these faces in the crowd;Petals on a wet, black bough.( a poem of the Imagist school, written by Ezra Pound.)The Road Not T aken(By Robert Frost)TWO roads diverged in a yellow wood,And sorry I could not travel bothAnd be one traveler, long I stoodAnd looked down one as far as I couldTo where it bent in the undergrowth;Then took the other, as just as fair,Though as for that, the passing thereHad worn them really about the same,And both that morning equally layIn leaves no step had trodden black.Oh, I kept the first for another day!Y et knowing how way leads to way,I doubted if I should ever come back.I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I-I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the difference.(A poem by Robert Frost. It is about the difficulty of making a choice.)Dreams(by Langston Hughes)Hold fast to dreamsFor if dreams dieLife is a broken-winged birdThat cannot fly.Hold fast to dreamsFor when dreams goLife is a barren fieldFrozen with snow.(Consult your book)。

History And Anthology of American Literature (VolumeⅠⅡ)美国文学史及选读1、2PartⅠThe Literature of Colonial America殖民主义时期的文学1.17世纪早期English and European explorers开始登陆美洲。

在他们之前100多年Caribbean Islands, Mexicoand other Parts of South America已被the Spanish占领。

2.17th早期English settlements in Virginia and Massachusetts(弗吉尼亚和马萨诸塞)开始了美国历史3.美国最早殖民者(earliest settlers)included Dutch ,Swedes ,Germans ,French ,Spaniards ,Italians andPortuguese (荷兰人，瑞典人，德国人，法国人，西班牙人，意大利人及葡萄牙人等)。

4.美国早期文学主要为the narratives and journals of these settlements采用in diaries and in journals(日记和日志)，他们写关于the land with dense forests and deep-blue lakes and rich soil.5.第一批美国永久居民：the first permanent English settlement in North America was established atJamestown,Virginia in 1607(北美弗吉尼亚詹姆斯顿)。

6.船长约翰·史密斯Captain John Smith他的作品(reports of exploration)17th早期出版，被认为是美国第一部真正意义上的文学作品in the early 1600s,have been described as the first distinctly American literature written in English.他讲述了filled with themes, myths, images, scenes, character and events,吸引了朝圣者和清教徒前往lure the Pilgrims and the Puritans.7.美国第一位作家：1608年Captain John Smith写了封信《自殖民地第一次在弗吉尼亚垦荒以来发生的各种事件的真实介绍》“A True Relation of Such Occurrences and Accidents of Note as Hath Happened in Virginia Since the First Planting of That Colony”.8.他的第二本书1612年《弗吉尼亚地图，附：一个乡村的描述》“A Map of Virginia: with a Description of theCountry”.9.他一共出版了八本书，其中有关于新英格兰的历史及描述。

第五章20世纪美国文学一、填空题1. The decade of the 1920s in America was a time of carefree prosperity, isolation, social change and a feverish pursuit of pleasure. The most representative novelist of the period is _____, whose works were a harsh judgment on the false values of the 1920s and the loss of the great American dream.【答案】F. Scott Fitzgerald【解析】菲茨杰拉德是20世纪20年代最具代表性的作家。

菲茨杰拉德的《了不起的盖茨比》通过完美的艺术形式描写了20年代贩酒暴发户盖茨比所追求的“美国梦”的幻灭，揭示了美国社会的悲剧。

2. Fitzgerald’s greatness lies in the fact that he found intuitively in his personal experience the embodiment of that of the nation and created a myth out of American life. The story of The Great Gatsby is a good example. Gatsby’s life pattern—at first, _____, then disenchantment, and finally a sense of despair —approximates the whole of the American experience.【答案】hope【解析】盖茨比的个人经历与20世纪前几十年美国整个国家的经历如出一辙。

吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》章节题库（含考研真题）（殖民地时期的美国文学）【圣才出品】第一章殖民地时期的美国文学填空题1. The term “Puritan” was applied to those settlers who originally were devout members of the Church of ______.【答案】England【解析】清教徒（Puritan），是指要求清除英国国教Church of England中天主教残余的改革派。

其字词于16世纪60年代开始使用，源于拉丁文的Purus，意为“清洁”。

2. The most enduring shaping influence in American thought and American literature was ______.【答案】American Puritanism【解析】美国文化源于清教文化，由清教徒移民时传入北美。

美国主流价值观都可以追溯到殖民地时期一统天下的清教主义，并且清教思想对美国文学有着根深蒂固的影响。

3. Hard work, thrift, piety and sobriety, these were the ______ values that dominated much of the early American writing.【答案】Puritan【解析】清教主义，起源于英国，在北美殖民地得以实践与发展。

清教徒强调艰苦奋斗、勤俭节约、虔诚和淡泊。

这些价值观也影响了早期的美国文学。

4. Many Puritans wrote verse, but the works of two writers, Anne Bradstreet and ______, rose to the level of real poetry.【答案】Edward T aylor【解析】美国殖民时期最著名的诗人是安·布莱德斯特和爱德华·泰勒。

吴伟仁《英国⽂学史及选读》配套题库【章节题库（含名校考研真题）-第三章杰弗⾥第三章杰弗⾥·乔叟填空题1. Geoffrey Chaucer’s famous work ______ contains 20-odd stories unified by a fictitious pilgrimage.（天津外国语2008研）【答案】The Canterbury Tales【解析】乔叟的代表作是《坎特伯雷故事集》，其中涵盖了20个完整的、虚构出来的朝圣之旅的故事。

（乔叟在去世前只完成了全书的总引和20个完整的故事，另有4个故事的残⽚。

）2. ______ is generally considered to be Chaucer’s masterpiece. （国际关系学院2007研）【答案】The Canterbury Tales【解析】《坎特伯雷故事集》被公认为是乔叟的代表作。

3. The English great writer Geoffrey Chaucer was born in 1343 and died in 1400. His most important work is ______, a long poem made up of a general introduction and 24 stories. （南开⼤学2007研）【答案】The Canterbury Tales【解析】乔叟的代表作是《坎特伯雷故事集》，是⼀⾸由⼀篇序⾔和24个故事（其中22个诗体和两个散⽂体）组成的长诗。

4. The most magnificent prose work of the 15th century is Le Morte D’ Arthur concerning with _______ legend.【答案】Arthurian【解析】15世纪左右公认的集⼤成作品为《亚瑟王之死》，是关于亚瑟王的传奇故事。

第二部分章节题库第一章中古时期一、填空题1. ______ is the oldest poem in the English language, and also the oldest surviving epic in the English language.【答案】Beowulf【解析】《贝奥武夫》讲述了斯堪的纳维亚的英雄贝奥武夫的英勇事迹。

是迄今为止发现的英国盎格鲁-撒克逊时期最古老、最长的一部较完整的文学作品，也是欧洲最早的方言史诗。

2. Today Chaucer is acclaimed not only as “the father of English poetry”but also as “the father of English fiction”. His masterpiece is ______.【答案】The Canterbury Tales【解析】乔叟的代表作是《坎特伯雷故事集》。

3. ______ is the “father of English poetry”and one of the greatest narrative poets of England, whose masterpiece The Canterbury Tales is one of the most famous works in all literature.【答案】Geoffrey Chaucer【解析】杰弗里·乔叟于1340年出生于伦敦，他是英语诗歌的创始者。

他逝于1400年，葬于威斯敏斯特教堂，也被称作“诗人角”。

4. In “The Canterbury Tales”, Chaucer employed the writing _____ with true ease and charm for the first time in the history of English literature.【答案】heroic couplet【解析】杰弗里·乔叟（1340—1400）英国小说家、诗人，被誉为“英国诗歌之父”，代表作品《坎特伯雷故事集》，大部分采用的是英雄双韵体。

Y美国文学吴伟仁版_模拟练习与答案第三章模拟练习与答案Blank Filling1. In the early nineteenth century, Washington Irving wrote .which became the first work by an American writer to win financial success on both sides of the Atlantic.2. The Romantic period in the American literary history covers the time between the end of the century to the outbreak of the . It started with the publication of Irving's and ended with Whitman's . This period is also called.3. Irving's The Sketch Book is a collection of essays, sketches and tales, of which the most famous and frequently anthologized are and .4. The Transcendental Club often met at 's Concord home.5. Emersonian Transcendentalism is actually a philosophical school which absorbed some ideological concerns of American and Euro pean Romanticism.6. was regarded as Father of the American short stories.7. Irving also wrote two biographies, one is The Life of Oliver Goldsmith, andthe other is .8. Cooper's novel was a rousing tale about espionage against the British during the Revolutionary War.9. The central figure in the Leatherstocking Tales is. , who goes by the various names of Leatherstocking, Deerslayer, Pathfinder and Hawkeye.10. In , Whitman airs his sorrow at President Lincoln's death.11. The great work not only demonstrates Emersonian ideas of self-reliance but also develops and tests Thoreau's owntranscendental philosophy.12. In , Whitman's own early experience may well be identifiedwith the childhood of a young growing America.13. "Imbued with an inquiring imagination, an intensely meditative mind, and unceasing interest in the ntenor of the heart' of man's being" is used to describe .14. by Melville is a novella about a ship whose black slave cargo mutiny holds their captain a terrorized hostage.15. A superb book came out of Thoreau's two-year experiment at Walden Pond.16. From Thoreau's Concord jail experience, came his famous essay17. Hester Prynne is the heroine in Hawthorne's novel .18. Melville's novel is a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage in pursuit of a seemingly supernatural white whale.19. The best of Cooper's sea romances was .The hero of the novel represents John Pall Jones, the great naval fighter of the Revolutionary War.20. is the narrator in Moby-Dick.21. Transcendentalism was put forward by the people from .22. has been regarded as "America's Declaration of Intellectual Independence."23. Published in 1823, was the first of the Leatherstocldng Tales, in their publication time, and probably the first true romance of the frontier in American literature.24. The way in which wrote The Scarlet Letter suggests that American Romanticism adapted itself to American puritan moralism.25. can somewhat be called "the Father of the Americandetective story".II. Multiple Choice1. Statement is wrong in describing Nathaniel Hawthorne.A. One source of evil that Hawthorne is concerned most is over-reaching intellectB. Hawthorne is a realistic writerC. Hawthorne is also a great allegoristD. Hawthorne is a master of symbolism2. In Walt Whitman's "There was a Child Went Forth," the child refers to .A. the poet himself as a childB. any American childC. the young AmericaD. one of the poet's neighbor3. In Moby-Dick, the voyage symbolizes .A. the microcosm of human societyB. a search for truthC. the unknown worldD. nature4. Thoreau was often alone in the woods or by the pond, lost in spiritual communication with .A. natureB. transcendentalist ideasC. human beingsD. celestial beings5. The Transcendentalist group includes two of the most significant writers America has produced so far, Emerson and .A. Henry David ThoreauB. Washington IrvingC. Nathaniel HawthorneD. Wait Whitman6. tells a simple but very moving story in which four people living in a puritan community are involved in and affected by the sin of adultery in different ways.A. Twice-Told TalesB. The Scarlet LetterC. The House of the Seven GablesD. The Marble Faun7. is regarded as the first American prose epic.A. NatureB. The Scarlet LetterC. WaldenD. Moby-Dick8. The Romantic Period of American literature started with the publication of Washington Irving's and ended with Whitman's Leaves of Grass.A. The Sketch BookB. Tales of a TravelerC. The AlhambraD. A history of New York9. Washington Irving's social conservation and literary for the past isrevealed, to some extent, in his famous story, .A. "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow"B. "Rip Van Winkle"C. "The Custom-House'D. "The Birthmark"10. Which of the following comments on the writings by Herman Melville is not true?A. "Bartleby, the Scrivener" is a short story.B. "Benito Cereno" is a novella.C. The Confidence -Man has something to do with the sea and sailors.D. Moby-Dick is regarded as the first American Prose epic.11. The giant Moby Dick may symbolize all EXCEPT .A. mystery of the universeB. sin of the whaleC. power of the Great NatureD. evil of the world12. The convention of the desire for an escape from society and a return to nature in American literature is particularly evident in .A. Cooper's Leatherstocking TalesB. Hawthorne's The Scarlet LetterC. Whitman's Leaves of GrassD. Irving's Rip Van Winkle13. As a philosophical and literary movement, flourished in New England from the 1830s to the Civil War.A. modernismB. rationalismC. sentimentalismD. transcendentalism14. In Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter, "A" may stands for .A. AdulteryB. AngelC. AmiableD. All the above15. is not the member of Transcendental Club.A. EmersonB. ThoreauC. WhitmanD. Fuller16. Poe's first collection of short stories is .A. Tales of a TravellerB. Leatherstocking TalesC. Canterbury TalesD. Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque17. For Melville, as well as for the reader and , the narrator, MobyDick is still a mystery, an ultimate mystery of the universe.A. StarbuckB. StubbC. IshmaelD. Arab18. Choose the characters which appear in the novel The Scarlet Letter.A. Hester PrynneB. Atthur DimmesdaleC. Roger ChillingworthD. Pearl19. was a romanticized account of Melville's stay among the Polynesians. The success of the book soon made Melville become known as the" man who lived among cannibals".A. Moby DickB. TypeeC. OmooD. Billy Budd20. The period before the American Civil War is generally referred to as .A. the Naturalist PeriodB. the Modern PeriodC. the Romantic PeriodD. the Realistic Period21. All of the following are works by Nathaniel Hawthorne except .A. The House of the Seven GablesB. White JacketC. The Marble FaunD. The Blithedale Romance22. In the following works, which signs the beginning of the American literature?A. The Sketch Book.B. Leaves of Grass.C. Leatherstocking Tales.D. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.23. The main theme of Emily Dickinson is the following except .A. religionB. love and marriageC. life and deathD. war and peace24. Emily Dickinson's poetic idiom is noted for the following except .A. brevityB. directnessC. plainest wordsD. obscure25. "There is evil in every human heart, which may remain latent, perhaps, through the whole life; but circumstances may rouse it to activity." The thoughtis reflected in .A. Nathaniel Hawthorne's Young Goodman BrownB. Mark Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnC. Walt Whitman's Leaves of GrassD. Herman Melville's Moby Dick26. It is on his that Washington Irving's fame mainly rested.A. tales about AmericaB. early poetryC. childhood recollectionsD. sketches about his European tours27. is the most ambivalent writer in the American literary history.A. Nathaniel HawthorneB. Walt WhitmanC. Ralph Waldo EmersonD. Mark Twain28. In Hawthorne's novels and short stories, intellectuals usually appear as .A. saviorsB. villainsC. commentatorsD. observers29. Washington Irving's Rip Van Winkle is famous for .A. Rip's escape into a mysterious placeB. The srory's German legendary source materialC. Rip's seeking for happinessD. Rip's 20-year sleep30. The publication of established Emerson as the most eloquent spokesman of New England Transcendentalism.A. NatureB. Self-RelianceC. The American ScholarD. The Over-Soul31. Which of the following is not a work of Emily Dickinson's?A. This is my letter to the world.B. I heard a Fly buzz-when I died.C. The Road Not T aken.D. I like to see it lap the Miles.32. In the history of literature, Romanticism is regarded as .A. the thought that designates a literary and philosophical theory which tends to see the individual as the very center of all life and all experienceB. the thought that designates man as a social animalC. the orientation that emphasizes those features which men have in commonD. the modes of thinking33. Which three novels drew from Melville's adventures among the people of the South Pacific islands?A. Typee.B. Omoo.C. Mardi.D. Redburn.34. In the poem "Song of Myself", Whitman sets forth the principle beliefs of .A. the theory of universalityB. singularity and equality of all beings in valueC. both A and BD. none above35. Most of the poems in Whitman's Leaves of Grass sing of the "en-mass"and the as well.A. natureB. lifeC. selfD. self-reliance36. Emily Dickinson's poems (441) "This is my letter to the World" expresses the poet's about her communication with the outside world.A. indignationB. joyC. anxietyD. indifference37. Which of the following features cannot characterize poems by Walt Whitman?A. Lyrical and well-structured.B. Free-flowing.C. Simple and rather crude.D. Conversational and casual.38. Which of the following writings is not finished by Ralph Waldo Emerson?A. Nature.B. Essays.C. The Over-Soul.D. Of Studies.39. In "I heard a Fly buzz-when I died", Emily Dickinson describes the moment of death .A. passionatelyB. pessimisticallyC. in despairD. peacefully40. Which book is not written by Emerson?A. Representative Men.B. English Traits.C. Nature.D. The Rhodora.III.Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in EnglishPassage 1"I like to see it lap the Miles...and lick the Valleys up...And stop to feed itself at Tanks...And then...prodigious step"Questions:A. Please give the name of the author.B. What does "it" in this poem refer to?C. What idea does this poem express?Passage 2"I celebrated myself, and sing myself,And what I assume you shall assume.For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you."Questions:A. Identify the author and the work.B. Whom does "you" refer to?C. What are the two principle beliefs that the poet set forth on this poem?Passage 3"The harpoon was darted; the stricken whale flew forward; with igniting velocity the line ran through the grooves;...ran foul. Arab stopped to clear it; he did clear it; but the flying turn caught him round the neck, and voicelessly as Turkish mutes bowstring their victim, he was shot out of the boat, ere the crew knew thewas gone."A. Identify the author and the work.B. Who is Ahab?C. What happens to Ahab in the end?Passage 4"It was with some difficulty he found the way to his own house, which he approached with silent awe, expecting every moment to hear the shrill voice of Dame Van Winkle. He found the house gone to decay -- the roof fallen in, the windows shattered, and the doors off the hinges. A half starved dog, that looked like Wolf, was skulking about it. Rip called him by name, but the cur snarled, showed his teeth, and passed on. This was an unkind cut indeed -- 'My very dog,' sighed poor Rip, 'has forgotten me!'Questions:A. Identify the author and the work.B. Whom does Dame Van Winkle refer to?C. Why was it difficult for him to find his house?Passage 5"From the listless repose of the place, and the peculiar character of its inhabitants, who are descendants from the original Dutch settlers, this sequestered glen has long been known by the name of SLEEPY HOLLOW, andits rustic lads are called the Sleepy Hollow Boys throughout all the neighboring country. Drowsy, dreamy influence seems to hang over the land, and to pervade the very atmosphere. Some say that the place was bewitched by a high German doctor, during the early days of the settlement; others, that an old Indian chief, the product or wizard of his tribe, held his powwows there before the country was discovered by Master Hendrick Hudson."Questions:A. Who is the writer of this short story from which the passage is taken?B. What is the title of this short story?C. Give a definition of" short story"."To go into solitude, a man needs to retire as much from his chamber as from society. I am not solitary whilst I read and write, though nobody is with me. But if a man would be alone, let him look at the stars. The rays that come from those heavenly worlds, will separate between him and vulgar things. One might think the atmosphere was made transparent with this design, to give man, in the heavenly bodies, the perpetual presence of the sublime. Seen in the streets of cities, how great they are! If the stars should appear one night in a thousand years, how would men believe and adore; and preserve for many generations the remembrance of the city of God which had been shown! But every night come out these preachers of beauty, and light the universe with their admonishing smile."Questions:A. Identify the author and the work.B. Give a brief comment on this passage.Passage 7Hester Prynne's term of confinement was now at an end. Her prison-door was thrown open, and she came forth into the sunshine which, falling on all alike, seemed, to her sick and morbid heart, as if meant for no other purpose than to reveal the scarlet letter on her breast. Perhaps there was a more real torture in her first unattended footsteps from the threshold of the prison, than even in the procession and spectacle that have been described, where she was made the common infamy, at which allmankind was summoned to point its finger. Then, she was supposed by an unnatural tension of the nerves, and by all the combative energy of her character, which enabled her to convert the scene into a kind of lurid triumph.Questions:A. Which novel is this selection taken from?B. What is the name of the novelist?C. What do you think is the symbolic meanings of the scarlet letter onHester's breast?Passage 8"Arms and the clarion for the battle, but the song of thanksgiving to the victory!" answered the liberated David. "Friend," he added, thrusting forth his lean, delicate hand forwards Hawkeye, in kindness, while his eyes twinkled and grew moist, "I thank thee the hairs of my head still grow where they were first rooted by Providence for, though those of other men may be more glossy and curling, I have ever found mine own well suited to the brain they shelter. That I did not join myself to the battle, was less owing to disinclination, than to the bonds of the heathen. Valiant and skillful hast thou proved thyself in the conflict, and I hereby thank thee, before proceeding to discharge other and more important duties, because thou hast proved thyself well worthy of a Christian's praise."...Questions:A. This novel was written by the American novelist. What is his name?B. What is the name of the novel?C. The central figure in this novel appeared in this passage. It is .Passage 9I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not Ii'red. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practice resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was not life, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a comer, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it, and publish its meanness to the world; or if it were sublime, to know it by experience, and be able to give a tree account of it in my next excursion. For most men, it appears to me, are in a strange uncertainty about it, whether it is of the devil or of God.A. This passage is taken from a famous work entitledB. The author of the work isC. List by yourself at least five reasons that the author gives for going go live in the woods.Passage 10Lo! In you brilliant window-nicheHow statue-like I see thee stand,The agate lamp within thy hand!Ah, Psyche, from the regions whichAre Holy-Land!Questions:A. This is the last stanza of a poem "T o Hellen". Its writer is .B. With whom is Hellen associated in line 4?C. Who is Psyche?IV.Give brief answers to each of the following questions inEnglish1. Emily Dickinson is now recognized not only as a great poetess on her ownright but as a poetess of considerable influence upon American poetry of the present century. What are the qualities of her poems?2. Emerson is generally known as an essayist. What is the style of his proses?3. In American literature history, the Romantic Period, during which many amous writers and their masterpieces came into being, played an impor-tant role. Washington Irving, Nathaniel Hawthorne and Walt Whitman,etc., all of whom are not ignored by us. According to their writings, dis-cuss the features of American literature in this period.4. Nathaniei Hawthorne is one of the most interesting, yet most ambivalent riters in the American literary history. According to him, "There is evil in very human heart, which may remain latent, perhaps, through the whole ife; but circumstances may rouse it to activity." Based on this thought, he ompleted Young Goodman Brown. Try to discuss the theme of this work.5. Moby Dick by Herman Melville is one of the few books in American litera-ure that has produced an exciting effect upon readers. Try to discuss the ymbolism in the book.第一章模拟练习与答案I．Blank Filling1. Hard work , thrift, piety and sobriety, thses were the values that dominated much of the early American writing.2. The American poets who emerged in the seventeenth century adapted the style of established European poets to the subject matter confronted in a strange, new environment.Bradstreet was one such poet.3. wrote his most impressive work The Magnalia Christi America.4. The writer who best expressed the Puritan faith in the colonial period was .5. The Puritan philosophy known as was important in New England during the colonial time, and had a profound influence on the early American mind for several generations.6. Before his death, Jonathan . had gained a position as America's first systematic philosopher.7. Jonathan Edwards' masterpiece is .8. The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America is a collection of poems composed by .II. Multiple Choice1. The Puritan dominating values were .A. hard workB. thriftC. pietyD. sobriety2. Which statement about Cotton Mather is not true?A. He was a great Puritan historian.B. He was an inexhaustible'writer.C. He was a skillful preacher and an eminent theologian.D. He was a graduate of Oxford College.3. Jonathan Edwards' best and most representative sermon was .A. A True Sight of SinB. Sinners in the Hands of an Angry GodC. A Model of Christian CharityD. God's Determinations4. The common thread throughout American literature has been the emphasis on the .A. RevolutionismB. ReasonC. IndividualismD. Rationalism5. Anne Bradstreet was a Puritan poet. Her poems made sucha stir in England that she became known as the“” who appeared in America.A. Ninth MuseB. Tenth MuseC. Best MuseD. First MuseIII. Identification of FragmentsI heard the merry grasshopper then sing,The black-clad cricket bear a second part;They kept one tune and played on the same stringSeeming to glory in their little art.Small creatures abject thus their voices raise,And in their kind resound their Maker's praise,Whilst I, as mute, can warble forth no higher lays?Questions:1. This is the ninth of the Contemplations written by an early Americanwoman writer. What is her name?2. Make a brief comment on this short poem.。

第二章吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》模拟试题及详解（二）I. Fill in the blanks1. Harriet Beecher Stowe’s masterpiece is ______.【答案】Uncle Tom’s Cabin【解析】比彻·斯托夫人（Harriet Beecher Stowe 1811-1896）的名作长篇小说《汤姆叔叔的小屋》（Uncle Tom’s Cabin）是19世纪最畅销的小说（以及第二畅销的书，仅次于最畅销的书《圣经》）并被认为是刺激废奴主义于1850年代兴起的一大原因。

2. The Age of Realism is also what Mark Twain referred to as “_______”.【答案】The Gilded Age【解析】现实主义时期被马克吐温看作“镀金时代”。

3. Pound was the leader of a new movement in poetry which he called the “______”movement.【答案】imagism【解析】庞德是意象主义运动的领军人物。

4. Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote ______, which has been called “the Manifesto ofA merican Transcendentalism,”and ______, which has been regarded as A merica’s “Declaration of Intellectual Independence.”【答案】Nature；“The A merican Scholar”【解析】爱默生的《论自然》被称为“美国超验主义的宣言”，其《美国学者》则被誉为美国知识分子的独立宣言。

5. William Bradford’s work ______ consists of two books. The first book deals with the persecutions of the Separatists in Scrooby, England, and the second book describes the signing of the “Compact”.【答案】MayflowerII. Multiple Choice1. Which ONE of the following is the author of The Leather-Stocking Tales?A. Henry David ThoreauB. Washington IrvingC. Edgar Allan PoeD. James Fennimore Cooper【答案】D【解析】James Fenimore Cooper（库柏），美国早期作家，The Leather-Stocking Tales （《皮裹腿故事集》）是他的经典之作。

美国文学史及作品选读模拟试题一I.Multiple Choice (1’×15=15’)1.C______was the first colony in American history.A. MassachusettsB. New JerseyC. VirginiaD.Georgia2. _B_____ was the only good American author before the Revolutionary War. Oneof his fellow Americans said, “His shadow lies heavier than any other man’s on this young nation.”A. John SmithB. Benjamin FranklinC. Thomas JeffersonD.Thomas Paine3. Romantics put emphasis on the following EXCEPT __A____.A. common senseB. imaginationC. intuitionD. individualism4. The Raven was written in 1844 by __B______A. Philip FreneauB. Edgar Allan PoeC. Henry Wadsworth LongfellowD. Emily Dickinson5. The ship __C____ carried about one hundred Pilgrims and took 66 days to beatits way across the Atlantic. In December of 1620, it put the Pilgrims ashore at Plymouth, Massachusetts.A. SunflowerB. ArmadaC. MayflowerD. Titanic6. Melville’s novel __D____ is a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage inpursuit of a seemingly supernatural white whale.A. TypeeB. OmooC. White JacketD. Moby Dick7. As a philosophical and literary movement, __D____ flourished in New Englandfrom the 1830s to the Civil War.A.ModernismB.RationalismC.SentimentalismD.Transcendentalism8. The theme of original sin is fully reflected in ___A______.A. The Scarlet LetterB. Sister CarrieC. The Great GatsbyD. The Old Man and Sea9. In all his novels Theodore Dreiser sets himself to project the ___B___ American values. For example, in Sister Carrie, there is not one character whose status is not determined economically.A. PuritanB. materialisticC. psychologicalD. religious10. Realism was a reaction against____B__ or a move away from the bias towards romance and self-creating fictions, and paved the way to Modernism.A. RationalismB. RomanticismC. NeoclassicismD. Enlightenment11. __C______ was a poet in American modern period who was deeply influence by eastern culture.A. T. S EliotB. Robert FrostC. Ezra PoundD. Walt Whitman12. Which of the following statements about Emily Dickinson is NOT true?DA. After 1862 she became a total recluse, not leaving her house nor seeing close friends.B. She once felt a deep affection for Charles Wadsworth, a married aged minister, but it proved to be a frustrated love affair for Dickinson.C. She wrote about death, immortality, nature, success and failure.D. During her lifetime, all her poems are published.13. The realistic period is referred to as “the Gilded Age” by __A_____.A. Mark TwainB. Henry JamesC. Emily DickinsonD. Theodore Dreiser14. Which of the following works is NOT by Ernest Hemingway?CA. The Old Man and SeaB. A Farewell to ArmsC. Sound and FuryD. For Whom the Bell Tolls15. Which one is NOT the characteristic of modernism?DA. Modernism in literature is characterized by experimentation, anti-realism, individualism and a stress on the cerebral rather than emotive aspects.B. Modernism is greatly influenced by the two world wars.C. The work of Marx, and Freud, had mounted an assault against orthodox religious faith that lasted into the twentieth century.D. Modernists believe that human nature is kind.II.Match the Column A with Column B (1’×10=10’)Column A Column B( c ) 1. Dimmesdale a. Robert Frost( e) 2. Ahab b. Mark Twain( i ) 3. Drouet c. The Scarlet Letter ( a ) 4. Pulitzer Prizer d. Thomas Jefferson( h ) 5. Reclusive poet e. Moby Dick(b ) 6. humorist and satirist f. Ernest Heminway( d) 7. The Decalration of Indepenence g. Henry David Thoreau( g ) 8. transcendentalist h. Emily Dickinson( j) 9. The Great Gatsby i. Sister Carrie( f ) 10. The Lost Generation j. F. Scott FitzgeraldIII.Define the following words within one phrase(2’×5=10’)1. free verse2. Ralph Waldo Emerson3. Mark Twain4. Benjamin Franklin5. Ezra PoundIV.Simple questions (5’×4=20’)1.What are Puritan thoughts?2.What is Transcedentalism and list some representative figures?3. Explain the symbolic meanings of “A” in The Scarlet Letter.4. Illustrate the three principles of Imagist Poetry.V.Interpreting the following texts (45’)Text 1When a girl leaves her home at eighteen, she does one of two things.Either she falls into saving hands and becomes better, or she rapidly assumesthe cosmopolitan standard of virtue and becomes worse. Of an intermediatebalance, under the circumstances, there is no possibility. The city has itscunning wiles, no less than the infinitely smaller and more human tempter.There are large forces which allure with all the soulfulness of expressionpossible in the most cultured human. The gleam of a thousand lights is often aseffective as the persuasive light in a wooing and fascinating eye. Half theundoing of the unsophisticated and natural mind is accomplished by forceswholly superhuman. A blare of sound, a roar of life, a vast array of human hives,appeal to the astonished senses in equivocal terms. Without a counsellor at handto whisper cautious interpretations, what falsehoods may not these things breathe into the unguarded ear! Unrecognised for what they are, their beauty, like music, too often relaxes, then weakens, then perverts the simpler human perceptions.Questions1.Please use one phrase to summarize the above paragraph (2’)2.What are the two possibilities for a girl of eighteen leaving her home?(2’)3.Please find out the figures of speech (2’)4.What are the attractive forces mentioned in a big city? (4’)5.How are naturalist views are reflected in this paragraph? Illustrate yourpoints with examples (5’)Text 2Because I could not stop for Death –He kindly stopped for me --The Carriage held but just Ourselves --And Immortality.We slowly drove -- He knew no hasteAnd I had put awayMy labor and my leisure too,For His Civility –We passed the School, where Children stroveAt Recess -- in the Ring --We passed the Fields of Gazing Grain --We passed the Setting Sun –…Since then -- 'tis Centuries -- and yetFeels shorter than the DayI first surmised the Horses' HeadsWere toward Eternity –Questions:1.Identify the poet and the title of this poem? (2’)2.Explain the underlined words (4’)3.What are the implications of “the School”, “the fields of Gazing Grain”, “the SettingSun”? (3’)4.How do you understand “Since then -- 'tis Centuries -- and yet / Feelsshorter than the Day” ? (3’)5.What are the speaker’s opinions about death? (3’)Text 3Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,And sorry I could not travel bothAnd be one traveler, long I stoodAnd looked down one as far as I couldTo where it bent in the undergrowth.Then took the other, as just as fair,And having perhaps the better claim,Because it was grassy and wanted wear;Though as for that the passing thereHad worn them really about the same.And both that morning equally layIn leaves no step had trodden black.Oh, I kept the first for another day!Yet knowing how way leads on to way,I doubted if I should ever come back.I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I--I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the difference.Questions:1.Please examine the poetic form (rhyme and meter) (2’)2.Describe the similarities and differences of these two roads. Which one does thespeaker take? (3’)3.How do you understand the word “sigh”? (4’)4.What might the two roads stand for in the speaker’s mind? (4’)5.What is the theme of this poem? (2’)参考答案I.Multiple Choice (1’×15=15’)1. _C___2._B__3.__A__4.__B__5.__C___6.__D_7.__D__8._A__9.__B__ 10.__B___11._C__ 12.__D__ 13._A_ 14._C __ 15._D__II.Match the Column A with Column B (1’×10=10’)1.( c )2.( e )3.( i )4.( a )5.( h )6.( b )7.( d )8.( g )9.(j ) 10.( f )III.Define the following words within one phrase (2’×5=10’)(Any related information can be given marks)1. poetry without a fived beat or regular rhyme scheme, produced by Walt Whitman2. is the representative of transcedentalists, who believes in individualism andself-reliance and brings transcendentalism to New England3．is a humorist and satirist, who uses broad humor and biting social satire4．is on e of Thoreau’s masterpieces, which is the result of the author’s two years of living near Walden lake.5. is regarded as the classical poem of imagist poetry by Ezra Pound, conveying thetheme of the speaker’s sudden pleasure of finding some beautiful faces in the subwayIV.Simple Questions (5’×4=20’) (Answers should be to the points. 1 score fortime, 2 scores for features and 1 score for representative figures when defining theliterary terms)a)Puritan thoughts: to make pure their religious beliefs and practices, to restoresimplicity, to live a hard and disciplined life and oppose pleasure and arts.b)Transcendentalism is the climax of American Romanticism.First, the Transcendentalist placed emphasis on spirit, or the oversoul, as the mostimportant thing in the universe.Secondly, Transcendentalists stressed the importance of the individual.Thirdly, the Transcendentalists offered a fresh perception of nature as symbolic ofthe spirit.3. a. The letter’s meaning shifts as time passes. Originally intended to mark Hester asan adulterer, the “A”eventually comes to stand for “Able”or“Angel”.b. Besides Hester, Dimmesdale also ironed the letter A on his body, which provokedhis self-consciousness and showed his repent for what he did.c. Pearl, their baby, wore a green letter a in a piece of seaweed while playing on thebeach. This green letter A symbolizes vitality or new life, and also suggests herinheritance from her mother.4. a. direct treatment of the “thing”（no fuss, frill, or ornament）,b. exclusion of superfluous words（precision and economy of expression）,c. the rhythm of the musical phrase rather than the sequence of a metronome（free verse form and music）.V.Interpreting the following texts (45’)Text 11. The attraction of big city (2’)2. One is to fall into the saving hands and becomes better; secondly, she may admit themoral value of big city and becomes worse. (2’)3. Simile, metaphor and synecdoche (2’)4. The gleam of lights, a blare of sound, a roar of life, and a vast array of humanhives (4’)5. Naturalist attempted to achieve extreme objectivity and frankness, presentingcharacters of low social and economic classes who were dominated by their environment and heredity. In this novel, the major female character Carrie Meeber is deeply influenced by the present environment and heredity, which leads to the result of her dynamic character.(5’) (the features of naturalism 3 scores, examples2 scores)Text 21. Emily Dickinson and “Because I Could not Stop for Death”(2’)2. He: death; civility: politeness; Recess: break Surmised: guessed (4’)3. They represent three stages of life. The school is the childhood and young age; the fields of gazing grain refers to the mature period and the setting sun the old age, that is the end of one’s life. (3’)4. Because this day is towards death, immortal and eternal (3’)5. Death is immortality (3’)Text 31. It is written in iambic tetrameter and rhymed abaab.(2’)2. Similarities: both of the roads are beautiful (fair)Differences: one is quiet and grassy, less-traveled; the other is trodden by many people and flatHe took the less-travelled road (3’)3. The word “sigh”is a tricky word. Because sigh can be interpreted into nostalgic relief or regret. If it is the relief sigh, then the difference means the speaker feels glad with the road he took. If it is the regret sigh, then the difference would not be good, and the speaker would be sighing in regret. Hence, sigh is ambigous here for the speaker is not showing whether his choice is right or wrong. (4’)4. The real road; the life road and the road in career (4’)5.Choice is inevitable but you never know what your choice will mean until you havelived it. This is also the theme of the poem. (2’)。