2021年新高考英语 阅读理解之记叙文、夹叙夹议文 Word原卷版

2021年高考英语真题深度解读（全国乙卷）语篇导航（参考下图或老师自己观点呈现）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AThe Biggest Stadiums in the WorldPeople have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 8 A.Q., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world's best known stadium are continues to inform contemporary design. Rome’s Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people.These days, safety regulations-not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat-tend to keep stadium capacities（容量）slightly lower. Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites.All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.•Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang, D.P.R-Korea. Capacity. 150,000. Opened. May 1,1989.•Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened. October 1, 1927.•Beaver Stadium, State College, Pennsylvania, U.S. Capacity: 106,572. Opened: September 17, I960.•Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: October 7, 1922.•Kyle Field, College Station, Texas, U.S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened: September 24,1927.21.How many people could the Circus Maximus hold?A.104,944.B. 107,601.C. About 150,000.D. About 250,000.22.Of the following stadiums, which is the oldest?A. Michigan Stadium.B. Beaver Stadium.C. Ohio Stadium.D. Kyle Field.23.What do the listed stadiums have in common?A. They host big games.B. They have become tourist attractionsC. They were built by Americans.D. They are favored by architects【答案与解析】21.D细节查找题根据第一段最后一句信息“……the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people”可知Circus Maximus最多容纳250,000人。

07 阅读理解-议论文/夹叙夹议文一．考点综述阅读理解议论文/夹叙夹议文在每年的高考阅读理解中占有一定的比例。

一般由论点、论据和论证过程组成。

议论文都要提出论题、观点、提供充分的证据，使用一定的逻辑方法证明观点或得出结论。

阅读理解议论文涵盖文化、历史、文学、科学和教育等各个方面。

在这类体裁的文章中把握好论点、论据和论证很重要。

此类体裁的文章中有关主旨大意和推理判断的题目会较多，这也是得分比较难的题型。

在阅读这类文章的时候，我们要认真把握作者的态度，领悟弦外之音，从而更好地依据文章的事实做出合理的推断。

二．真题再现Passage1【2020·天津卷】After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance curiosity and discontent. I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an average man who had both. The two belong together.Together, these deep human urges (驱策力) count for much more that ambition. Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground. Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent, “Why? Why? Why?”Fortunately, curiosity and discontent don’t have to be learned. We are born with them and need only recapture them.“The great man,” said Mencius (孟子), “is he who does not lose his child’s heart.” Yet most of us do lose it. We stop asking questions. We stop challenging custom. We just follow the crowd. And the crowd desires restful average. It encourages us to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied.Most of us meet new people, and new ideas, with hesitation. But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance. We will probably have to force ourselves towaken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake.How should you start? Modestly, so as not to become discouraged. I think of one friend who couldn’t arrange flowers to satisfy herself. She was curious about how the experts did it. How she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement.One way to begin is to answer your own excuses. You haven’t any special ability? Most people don’t; there are only a few geniuses. You haven’t any time? That’s good, because it’s always the people with no time who get things done. Harriet Stowe, mother of six, wrote parts of Uncle Tom’s Cabin while cooking. You’re too old? Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he published his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78.However you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for you’ll never be more alive than you are at this moment.51．In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to ________.A．propose a definitionB．make a comparisonC．reach a conclusionD．present an argument52．What does the example of Galileo tell us?A．Trial and error leads to the finding of truth.B．Scientists tend to be curious and ambitious.C．Creativity results from challenging authority.D．Greatness comes from a lasting desire to explore.53．What can you do to recapture curiosity and discontent?A．Observe the unknown around you.B．Develop a questioning mind.C．Lead a life of adventure.D．Follow the fashion.54．What can we learn from Paragraphs 6 and 7?A．Gaining success helps you become an expert.B．The genius tends to get things done creatively.C．Lack of talent and time is no reason for taking no action.D．You should remain modest when approaching perfection.55．What could be the best tile or the passage?A．Curious Minds Never Feel ContentedB．Reflections on Human NatureC．The Keys to AchievementD．Never Too Late to LearnPassage 2【2020·江苏卷】I was in the middle of the Amazon (亚马逊) with my wife, who was there as a medical researcher. We flew on a small plane to a faraway village. We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs, and more often than not, did not entirely recognize the food. We could not have felt more foreign.We were raised on books and computers, highways and cell phones, but now we were living in a village without running water or electricity It was easy for us to go to sleep at the end of the day feeling a little misunderstood.Then one perfect Amazonian evening, with monkeys calling from beyond the village green, we played soccer. I am not good at soccer, but that evening it was wonderful. Everyone knew the rules. We all spoke the same language of passes and shots. We understood one another perfectly. As darkness came over the field and the match ended, the goal keeper, Juan, walked over to me and said in a matter-of-fact way, “In your home, do you have a moon too?” I was surprised.After I explained to Juan that yes, we did have a moon and yes, it was very similar to his, I felt a sort of awe (敬畏) at the possibil ities that existed in his world. In Juan’s world, each village could have its own moon. In Juan’s world. the unknown and undiscovered was vast and marvelous. Anything was possible.In our society, we know that Earth has only one moon. We have looked at our planet from every angle and found all of the wildest things left to find. I can, from my computer at home, pull up satellite images of Juan’s village. There are no more continents and no more moons to search for, little left to discover. At least it seems that way.Yet, as I thought about Juan’s question, I was not sure how much more we could really rule out. I am, in part, an ant biologist, so my thoughts turned to what we know about insect life and I knew that much in the world of insects remains unknown. How much, though? How ignorant (无知的) are we? The question ofwhat we know and do not know constantly bothered me.I began collecting newspaper articles about new species, new monkey, new spider…, and on and on they appear. My drawer quickly filled. I began a second drawer for more general discoveries: new cave system discovered with dozens of nameless species, four hundred species of bacteria found in the human stomach. The second drawer began to fill and as it did I wondered whether there were bigger discoveries out there, not just species, but life that depends on things thought to be useless, life even without DNA．I started a third drawer for these big discoveries. It fills more slowly, but all the same, it fills.In looking into the stories of biological discovery, I also began to find something else, a collection of scientists, usually brilliant occasionally half-mad, who made the discoveries. Those scientists very often see the same things that other scientists see, but they pay more attention to them, and they focus on them to the point of exhaustion (穷尽), and at the risk of the ridicule of their peers. In looking for the stories of discovery, I found the stories of these people and how their lives changed our view of the world.We are repeatedly willing to imagine we have found most of what is left to discover. We used to think that insects were the smallest organisms (生物), and that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters. Yet, when something new turns up, more often than not, we do not even know its name.65．How did the author feel on his arrival in the Amazon?A．Out of place. B．Full of joy. C．Sleepy. D．Regretful.66．What made that Amazonian evening wonderful?A．He learned more about the local language.B．They had a nice conversation with each other.C．They understood each other while playing.D．He won the soccer game with the goal keeper.67．Why was the author surprised at Juan’s question about the moon?A．The question was too straightforward.B．Juan knew so little about the world.C．The author didn’t know how to answer.D．The author didn’t think Juan was sincere.68．What was the author’s initial purpose of collecting newspaper articles?A．To sort out what we have known.B．To deepen his research into Amazonians.C．To improve his reputation as a biologist.D．To learn more about local cultures.69．How did those brilliant scientists make great discoveries?A．They shifted their viewpoints frequently.B．They followed other scientists closely.C．They often criticized their fellow scientists.D．They conducted in-depth and close studies.70．What could be the most suitable title for the passage?A．The Possible and the Impossible .B．The Known and the Unknown .C．The Civilized and the Uncivilized .D．The Ignorant and the Intelligent.Passage 3【2020海南卷】In May 1987 the Golden Gate Bridge had a 50th birthday party. The bridge was closed to motor traffic so people could enjoy a walk across it. Organizers expected perhaps 50,000 people to show up. Instead, as many as 800, 000 crowded the roads to the bridge. By the time 250,000 were on the bridge, engineers noticed something terrible：the roadway was flattening under what turned out to be the heaviest load it had ever been asked to carry. Worse, it was beginning to sway（晃动）. The authorities closed access to the bridge and tens of thousands of people made their way back to land. A disaster was avoided.The story is one of scores in To Forgive Design：Understanding Failure, a book that is at once a love letter to engineering and a paean（赞歌）to its breakdowns. Its author, Dr. Henry Petroski, has long been writing about disasters. In this book, he includes the loss of the space shuttles（航天飞机）Challenger and Columbia, and the sinking of the Titanic.Though he acknowledges that engineering works can fail because the person who thought them up or engineered them simply got things wrong, in this book Dr. Petroski widens his view to consider the larger context in which such failures occur. Sometimes devices fail because a good design is constructed with low quality materials incompetently applied. Or perhaps a design works so well it is adopted elsewhere again and again, with seemingly harmless improvements, until, suddenly, it does not work at all anymore.Readers will encounter not only stories they have heard before, but some new stories and a moving discussion of the responsibility of the engineer to the public and the ways young engineers can be helped to grasp them."Success is success but that is all that it is," Dr. Petroski writes. It is failure that brings improvement.8. What happened to the Golden Gate Bridge on its 50th birthday?A. It carried more weight than it could.B. It swayed violently in a strong windC.Its roadway was damaged by vehiclesD. Its access was blocked by many people. 9. Which of the following is Dr. Petroski's idea according to paragraph 3? A. No design is well received everywhere B. Construction is more important than design. C. Not all disasters are caused by engineering design D. Improvements on engineering works are necessary. 10. What does the last paragraph suggest? A. Failure can lead to progress. B. Success results in overconfidence C. Failure should be avoided. D. Success comes from joint efforts. 11. What is the text? A. A news report B. A short story. C. A book review D. A research article. Passage 4 【2020·北京卷】Certain forms of AI are indeed becoming ubiquitous. For example, algorithms (算法) carry out hugevolumes of trading on our financial markets, self-driving cars are appearing on city streets, and our smartphones are translating from one language into another. These systems are sometimes faster and more perceptive than we humans are. But so far that is only true for the specific tasks for which the systems have been designed. That is something that some AI developers are now eager to change.Some of today’s AI pioneers want to move on from today’s world of “weak” or “narrow” AI, to create “strong” or “full” AI, or what is often called artificial general intelligence (AGI). In some respects, today’spowerful computing machines already make our brains look weak. A GI could, its advocates say, work for us around the clock, and drawing on all available data, could suggest solutions to many problems. DM, a company focused on the development of AGI, has an ambition to “solve intelligence”.“If we’re successful,” their mission statement reads, “we believe this will be one of the most important and widely beneficial scientific advances ever made.”Since the early days of AI, imagination has outpaced what is possible or even probable. In 1965, an imaginative mathematician called Irving Good predicted the eventual creation of an “ultra-intelligent machine…that can far surpass all the intellectual (智力的) activities of any man, however clever.” Good went on to suggest that “the first ultra-intellig ent machine” could be “the last invention that man need ever make.”Fears about the appearance of bad, powerful, man-made intelligent machines have been reinforced (强化) by many works of fiction —Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and the Terminator film series, for example. But if AI does eventually prove to be our downfall, it is unlikely to be at the hands of human-shaped forms like these, with recognisably human motivations such as aggression (敌对行为). Instead, I agree with Oxford University philosopher Nick Bostrom, who believes that the heaviest risks from A GI do not come from a decision to turn against mankind but rather from a dogged pursuit of set objectives at the expense of everything else.The promise and danger of true A GI are great. But all of today’s excited discussion about these possibilities presupposes the fact that we will be able to build these systems. And, having spoken to many of the world’s foremost AI researchers, I believe there is good reason to doubt that we will see A GI any time soon, if ever.42. What does the underlined word “ubiquitous” in Paragraph I probably mean?A. Enormous in quantity.B. Changeable daily.C. Stable in quality.D. Present everywhere.43. What could AGI do for us, according to its supporters?A. Help to tackle problems.B. Make brains more active.C Benefit ambitious people. D. Set up powerful databases.44. As for Irving Good’s opinion on ultra-intelligent machines, the author is ____________.A. supportiveB. disapprovingC. fearfulD. uncertain45. What can be inferred about AGI from the passage?A. It may be only a dream.B. It will come into being soon.C. It will be controlled by humans.D. It may be more dangerous than ever.三．技巧点拨解答议论类阅读理解试题，答题时优先考虑正面答题(直接从文章内容得出答案)，然后从中心、态度或利用解答特征等其他角度对选项进行检验；如果从文章内容中直接无法解决，则从中心和态度方面考虑；次之，从解答特征方面考虑。

2021年新高考英语阅读理解之记叙文、夹叙夹议文考前押题（江苏专用）原卷版一、阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

AAs a child, Jane Goodall had a natural love for the outdoors and animals. And at age 23, she left for Nairobi, Kenya. There, Jane met famed Dr. Louis Leakey, who offered her a job at the local natural history museum. She worked there for a time before Leakey decided to send her to the Gombe Stream Game Reserve in Tanzania to study wild chimpanzees. He felt her strong interest in animals and nature, and her knowledge as well as high energy made her a great candidate to study the chimpanzees.In December 1958, Jane returned home to England and Leakey began to make arrangements for the expedition(考察), securing the appropriate permissions from the government and raising funds. In May 1960, Jane learned that Leakey had gained funding from the Wilkie Brothers Foundation.Jane arrived by boat at the Gombe Stream Game Reserve on the eastern shore of Lake Tanganyika with her mother. The early weeks at Gombe were challenging. Jane developed a fever that delayed the start of her work. Finally, an old chimpanzee named David Greybeard began to allow Jane to watch him. As a high-ranking male of the chimpanzee community, his acceptance meant other group members also allowed Jane to observe. It was the first time that Jane had witnessed David Greybeard using tools. Excited, she telegraphed Dr. Leakey about her observation. He wrote back, "Now we must redefine 'tool' and 'man' or accept chimpanzees as humans."Jane continued to work in the field and, with Leakey's help, began her doctoral program without an undergraduate degree in 1962. At the University of Cambridge, she found herself at odds with senior scientists over the methods she used—how she had named the chimpanzees rather than using the more common numbering system, and for suggesting that the chimps have emotions and personalities. She further upset those in power at the university when she wrote her first book, My Friends, the Wild Chimpanzees, aimed at the general public rather than an academic audience. The book was wildly popular, and her academic peers were outraged. Dr. Jane Goodall earned her Ph. D．on February 9, 1966, and continued to work at Gombe for the next twenty years.1．Why did Leakey appoint Jane to Tanzania?A．Jane asked to change her workplace.B．Jane was not suitable for her previous job.C．Jane's abilities and talents were discovered.D．The natural history museum was out of business.2．What does the underlined phrase "at odds" mean in Paragraph 4?A．Agree.B．Disagree.C．Resemble.D．Coincide.3．In the opinions of the academic peers, what was the value of Jane's first book?A．A new direction of knowledge.B．A common achievement.C．Worth farther discussion.D．Absolute nonsense.4．What can we learn from Jane Goodall?A．Challenging senior scientists is a must in gaining fame.B．Cooperation is the only key to making significant discoveries.C．Passion and hard work can make a difference in scientific research.D．The ability to raise funds counts for achieving great success.BInspired by the movement to protect the Carmanah Valley and Clayoquot Sound, I decided to devote myself to producing images for conservation full-time in 1992. Since that time my work has taken me all over the world and my photos have appeared in many major magazines. However, many of my most rewarding moments have come from working on projects in British Columbia, Canada, and sharing those images in slide show tours I have given throughout Canada, the U.S. and Europe.The more I travel and photograph in other parts of the world, the more I have come to realize the wilderness we have in Canada is truly special and rare.I have always felt that as a photographer my goal is to approach the natural environment with the sense of wonder and curiosity that comes so naturally to children. This, I believe, is one of the basic keys not just to producing meaningful images, but more importantly, to gaining a full appreciation and enjoyment of the natural world.I find that not only my best images, but also my most enjoyable experiences in nature, occur when I have an open mind and follow my intuition (直觉). When I feel drawn to a certain scene, I try to make the scene simple and not include anything that is not relevant. I also try all ways to look for beautiful light. Early morning and the end ofthe day almost always produce light that results in more pleasing images than those taken under the strong light in the middle of a sunny day. Soft cloudy skies are wonderful for photographing all day, especially in our beautiful forests or for small subjects like wildflowers. Rain, storms, and snow also provide wonderful opportunities for new and different kinds of images.1．In the first paragraph, the author mainly tells us about________.A．his working experiences B．his goal as a photographerC．his skills in photographing D．his understanding about conservation2．It can be inferred that the author________.A．was born in the United KingdomB．now works mainly in the United StatesC．has worked as a full-time tour guide since 1992D．is aware of the importance of environmental protection3．Which of the following is true of the author’s images?A．They are not easy to be produced in soft cloudy skies.B．Sometimes the scenes in them are simple and don’t include irrelevant things.C．If they are wildflowers, the best time to produce them is in the rain.D．If produced at the end of the day, they are more beautiful than in the early moming.4．What is the purpose of writing the passage?A．To study the key to becoming a famous artist.B．To show thoughts about nature photography.C．To praise wonderful scenes they have in Canada.D．To tell the most enjoyable experiences in nature.CI decided at 10 that I was going to be a teacher because I had a burning desire for superpowers. As a boy, I could clearly see some of my teachers had extraordinary powers.There was an English teacher in fifth grade who could magically transport us to different worlds every day by telling us stories and reading to us from books we would otherwise never pick up. This was our secret and fun time because fifth graders were considered too old to have stories read out to them.It was even shocking that my teacher could see the invisible. I was one of those who lacked insight, Yet my teacher would notice me and the unspoken message in her eyes suggested that she could see me through. She had another superpower and even after four decades, I could still vividly remember her lessons about the great masters of art and great geographers, expanding our horizons. She did this even though her major was not art, nor geography. Her lessons went beyond the textbook I knew I wanted to be one of those all-seeing ones with superpowers that made children feel safe and valued.I know being a teacher isn't the easiest or the most financially rewarding of jobs. And there are occupational risks-your knees can become worn out from years of carrying piles of notebooks up and down the school staircase, your voice can give in from too much talking. But despite all that, there are those choosing this cause. To them, teaching is not just a job-it is a science, an art and a craft, and it demands emotional labour and investment.All my life, for three decades now, I've gone to work early each day with a spring in my step. Occasionally, I meet my former students. Their obvious love for me and fond memories of our time together are my rewards. When I meet others who thirst for superpowers, like the brand new teacher struggling to perfect her skills with a brave face on, or the one in a remote, rural school travelling 70 kilometers each day just for his pupils, I feel proud to belong to the same group.1．What can be inferred about the stories from paragraph 2?A．They were told in a magic way.B．They were written by the teacher.C．They contained some students' fun secrets.D．They left the students with happy memories.2．Which of the following best describes the English teacher?A．Ambitious and generous.B．Hard-working and wealthy.C．Caring and modest.D．Well-informed and observant.3．What do we know about the author as a teacher?A．He suffered a lot in his knees and voice.B．He thought teaching was more than spreading knowledge.C．He had some ideas of how to be a teacher at a young age.D．He was rewarded with much money for his devotion at school.4．What can be concluded about being a teacher from the text?A．With one thousand times for the peach garden sweet.B．Teachers lead the door, progress in the individual.C．In scholarship there is no difference of age.D．Learning without a teacher is hard to gain.DI’ve been taking time this week to smell the roses. I bend over in my neighbors’ front yard, check that nobody is watching, then bury my head in the flowers.I’ve also been walking into bakeries and walking around without buying anything.After having surgery on my broken nose 18 months ago, I haven’t been able to smell or taste things. This week, however, my nose is back in business.I’ve been fascinated by smells, and it’s given me a new way of thinking. Smell is just one of the little bits and pieces that make life enjoyable, but which we often ignore. I remember once, when my son was 5 months old, I was carrying him down the street. Wind swept through and almost tipped us over. He threw his little head back and giggled (傻笑). He’d never felt the wind on his face. When is the last time I laughed at the weather?The first time I ate bacon, I rushed home to my parents, determined that we ate this deliciousness at every meal. My father smiled and agreed.Do you recall when you learned that the voice actors of Mickey and Minnie Mouse were married in real life? Do you enjoy sleeping in new, clean bed sheets?We don’t write postcards about the small things. We don’t frame them in photographs.They aren’t that great or grand, but without them, life is altogether too loud. These quiet experiences give us a chance to enjoy the simple fact of being alive.As my sense of smell returns to me, it’s like I’m smelling things for the first time. They’re full of memories and magic. Food tastes better, and the air is indeed sweet. I know what the poets mean now. It almost makes my broken nose worthwhile. Now, I am waiting for this bandage to come off. There’s an itch (痒) I can’t reach! 1．What does the writer try to do in the first two paragraphs?A．Discuss new ways to enjoy leisure time.B．Show that she loves doing secret things.C．Give examples of how she kills time.D．Get readers to wonder about her behavior.2．What does the underlined part “a new way of thinking” in Paragraph 4 mean?A．The ability to discover the joy of small things.B．The habit of overcoming ignorance.C．The ability to fully use our limited attention.D．The habit of making personal reflections.3．What did the author take for granted before?A．Memories and magic.B．Valuing being alive.C．Her sense of smell.D．Laughing at the weather.4．Which word can be used to describe the writer’s feeling while writing the passage?A．Depressed.B．Pleased.C．Disturbed.D．Annoyed.EA few weeks ago, I found myself taken aback by the strange and rough behavior of a medical practitioner(行医者). For the first time that I could remember, I had missed an appointment, and she called to berate me. Yes, it was my fault, but I think I subconsciously avoided the appointment due to the aggressive communication we had had thus far.I had a sense of what I was getting into when I chose to go with her — I was warned about her bedside manner — but she came, highly recommended by multiple people, and I did not have the energy to keep looking for other options. So I went with her and made myself ready for the journey.But I was not prepared. She screamed at me for minutes on end, as I sat there, unable to get a word in, feeling terribly guilty and ashamed of the missed appointment and having wasted her time. There was no calm talk about paying for the missed appointment.After the phone call, I felt terrible. I believe that everything happens for a reason, and that everyone we meet comes into our lives for a reason.A week or so later, after telling a friend about the event, I was blessed with this insight: This woman’s attacking voice was familiar, and it was personified and strengthened by my harsh(刺耳的), critical inner voice. My friend helped me see what a blessing this encounter was. If I could see my inner critic as this woman with her associated foolish behaviour, I would not allow myself to buy into it.I remember I once read an article which says that when we look at the behavior of others, we are looking at amirror. According to the “Mirror Theory”, when we observe character defects(缺点) in other people, we are really seeing the undeveloped and unresolved parts of our personality. With this in mind, not only do I need to examine how I view and treat myself, but also other people. So eventually, my encounter with this practitioner was for the best.1．What does the underlined word “berate” in Paragraph 1 mean?A．Scold B．Comfort C．Question D．Contact2．Why did the author miss the appointment?A．She lacked communication with the practitioner.B．She spent much time preparing for the journey.C．She was afraid to face the rude practitioner.D．She wanted to find a better practitioner.3．What do we know about the author’s encounter with the practitioner?A．It helped her realize her own mistakes.B．It helped her see her own critic inner voice.C．It gave her a chance to listen to her own heart.D．It gave her experience in dealing with rough people.4．What has the author learnt from the “Mirror Theory”?A．Treat herself better in the future.B．Treat other people with more tolerance.C．Overlook the character defects in other people.D．See her character defects while observing others.。

专题15阅读理解社会生活、议论类I、2021年高考真题（2021•新高考I卷・D篇）Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional （'i青感的）intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and "people skills." Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis （重视）on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion.It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives （视角）from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.1 .What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence?A.It can be measured by an IQ test.B.It helps to exercise a person's mind.C.It includes a set of emotional skills.D.It refers to a person's positive qualities.2.Why does the author mention "doctor" and "cheater" in paragraph 2?A.To explain a rule.B.To clarify a concept.C.To present a fact.D.To make a prediction.3.What is the author's attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence?A.Favorable. B .Intolerant. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.4.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence?A.Its appeal to the public.B.Expectations for future studies.C.Its practical application.D.Scientists with new perspectives.【答案】DBAB【解析】本文是一篇议论文。

2021高考英语夹叙夹议阅读训练题（一）When Vivaan was born, my journey as a parent began. The first year was spent worrying about every small thing and at times taking a perfectly healthy baby to a surprised doctor! I enjoyed the attention of onlookers who stopped to admire my son's fat cheeks, much to the discomfort of my wife! Things changed around the time he completed fifteen months, when there seemed to be early signs of different behaviors, which could be easily ignored as growing up pains—lack of social interaction, not responding to name, etc. However, a chance of meeting with a friend forced us to go to a specialist. After multiple visits to variousdoctors and scores of questionnaires, Vivaan was diagnosed with autism (自闭症)at that moment we weren't aware of what hit us.Since that day, our lives have revolved around Vivaan's condition. From visiting numerous doctors, to reading every possible book on autism , I've probably researched more about autism than any other topic related to my profession. However, the more I tried, the more frustrated I got.Soon I realized I was chasing the wrong goal. If I started looking at Vivaan as unique and enjoying him for what he is, life was fun. Not comparing Vivaan with others was the key. At times, we had to overcome the social compulsions of throwing a birthday party like every other family did. We realized cutting birthday cakes socially made him more anxious. So we started celebrating birthday by giving him a free day no thera- pies and unlimited access to his favorite objects Initially, we worried about all the milestones Vivaan missed, like the fact that he was unable to talk, he was unable to count, etc. We then decided to celebrate the small milestones instead the first word he mentioned, the first time he rode on a school bus on his own life was all about celebrating the small things, not the big ones 1 In this way, my journey as a parent was from disappointment to hope, from pain to joy1.At the age of 15 months, Vivaan began to .A.stay in hospital regularlyB.neglect his surroundingsC.grow abnormal physicallyD.behave differently from others2.Who made the author aware of the possible problem with his son?A.A doctor.B.His wife.C.A friend.D.A stranger.3.The journey as a parent made the author .A.always feel disappointed and painfulB.learn some valuable life lessonsC.learn to live in a meaningful wayD.lose interest in his original job4.What made the author stop comparing his son with other children?A.Realizing nobody is perfect in the world.B.Failing to find a cure for his son's condition.C.Realizing his son's little interest in a party.D.Sensing the need to give his son freedom.（二）Romeo Edmead is using his fingers to unlock a world he has never experienced before.Edmead lost his sight when he was just a two-year-old child, so he has always had a complicated relationship with art and museums.While he has heard of classical paintings, he says school trips to museums were uncomfortable."I knew what my friends would experience, but I wouldn't necessarily experience it because they could use their sense of sight and I didn't have that," said Edmead.He describes running his fingers over a 3D version of Emanuel Leutze's "Washington Crossing the Dela- ware", at a library for the blind in New York City, as a kind of "freedom"."In life we've all heard of famous painters and their works.But to me, that's all they were," he said. "They were like vocabulary words I could write down on the page but I didn't necessarily know how to put a physical picture together.Somethinglike this presents that opportunity, that freedom to get a better under- standing."The man behind the 3D printed works is John Olson.A former photographer for LIFE magazine, Olsonco-founded a company called 3D Photoworks that developed and patented their own printing process for works of fine art."We begin with taking a conventional two dimensional (空间的) image and change it to 3D data.Once that data has been changed, we then send it to a machine that sculpts (雕刻) the data.It gives that image length, width, and depth.And once that's been sculpted, it goes through a printing process, which produces a three dimensional print with length, width and depth," said Olson.It took Olson seven years to develop the method, but now he's moving full speed ahead. He's raising money to scale up the production."There are 285 million blind and sight impaired (受损的) world-wide.One person goes blind in the US every 11 minutes.So our goal is to make art and photography available to them , first in this country and then beyond," said Olson.1.What can we learn about Romeo Edmead's childhood from the text?A.He went to school with sighted kids.B.He used memory when appreciating art.C.He enjoyed visiting museums with his friends.D.He was always interested in classical paintings.2.What does the underlined word "this" in paragraph 4 refer to?A.The 3D printing technology.B.Writing vocabulary words on paper.C.The way of putting together physical paintings.D.The feeling about touching the 3D printed works.3.We can infer from the last paragraph that .A.it is uncommon for blind people to take photosB.there is a decreasing number of blind people nowC.the 3D printed works are now popular in the worldD.it is a hard task to develop the 3D printing technology4.The text is intended to introduce .A.John Olson's devotion to aiding the blindB.the way the blind people appreciate paintingsC.Romeo Edmead's difficulty in appreciating artD.the significance of the 3D printing technology(三)Would you BET on the future of this man9 He is 53 years old.Ｍost of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune.A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning,and he has often been in prison.Driven by heaven-knows-what motives,he determines to write a book.The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years.That former prison- er was Cervantes,and the book was Don Quixote(《堂吉诃德》).And the story poses an interesting question: why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days,while others go to seed long before?Ｗe've all known people who run out of steam before they reach life's halfway mark.I'm not talking about those who fail to get to the top.We can't all get there.I'm talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years. Ｍost of us,in fact,progressively narrow the variety of our lives.Ｗe succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it.Nothing surprises us.Ｗe lose our sense of wonder.But,if we are willing to learn,the opportunities are everywhere.The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills.Ｗe learn to bear with the things we can't change.Ｗe learn to avoid self-pity.Ｗe learn that however much we try to please,some people are never going to love us—an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.With high motivation and enthusiasm ,we can keep on learning.Then we will know how important it is to have meaning in our life.However,we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something larger than our own little egos(自我),whether to loved ones,to fellow humans,to work,or to some moral concept.Many of us equate(视...等同于) "commitment" with such "caring" occupations as teaching and nursing.But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable commitment.People who work toward such excellence—whether they are driving a truck,or running a store—make the world better just by being the kind of people they are.They've learned life's most valuable lesson.1.The passage starts with the story of Cervantes to show that .A.loss of freedom stimulates one's creativityB.age is not a barrier to achieving one's goalC.misery inspires a man to fight against his fateD.disability cannot stop a man's pursuit of success2.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A.End one's struggle for liberty.B.Waste one's energy taking risks.C.Miss the opportunity to succeed.D.Lose the interest to continue learning.3.What could be inferred from Paragraph 4?A.Those who dare to try often get themselves trapped.B.Those who tend to think back can hardly go ahead.C.Opportunity favors those with a curious mind.D.Opportunity awaits those with a cautious mind.4.What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 5?A.A tough man can tolerate suffering.B.A wise man can live without self-pity.C.A man should try to satisfy people around him.D.A man should learn suitable ways to deal with life.5.What is the author's purpose in writing the passage9A.To provide guidance on leading a meaningful adult life.B.To stress the need of shouldering responsibilities at work.C.To state the importance of generating motivation for learning.D.To suggest a way of pursuing excellence in our lifelong career.(四)It was not until the period between 1900 and 1920 that tap dance appeared as a dance form in its own right. Ｗith it, tap dance shoes were born. By the time that Bill Robinson (1878 to 1949) became famous as "Bojangles", tap dance shoes were part of the total package. Robinson wore tap shoes with wooden soles(鞋底). His dance partner in a memorable 1935 film called The Little Colonel was Shirley Temple, who popular- ized eyelet-style (圆孔眼款) tap dance shoes, with large, laced-through bows.Tap dancing was featured often in movies made between 1935 and 1970. Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers tapped their way through the 1936 classic, Swing Time . Astaire's standard of perfection included black pa- tent leather shoes. Quite apart from the stressful dance routines,Rogers had to deal with wearing high-heeled tap shoes. She made every dance routine look effortless,even though her feet bled from the strain. Her white shoes turned red.The famous choreographer (舞蹈编导) and director, Tommy Tune, began his award-winning career as part of the chorus on Broadway in the mid-1960s. At six-foot six inches, he was probably the tallest dancer to take the stage. For persons with ambition like Tommy Tune to Broadway and Radio City Ｍusic Hall, Broadway-style high-heeled tap dance shoes are sold. These strong but flexible tap dance shoes are designed to take the beginner all the way to Broadway and film fame.The 1989 film Tap stars the dancer Gregory Hines. It illustrates the history of tap dancing. The film famously includes Hines performing an electronic tap dance product, wearing a special pair of electronic tap shoes. Al Desio, the inventor of the shoes, built electronic transmitters (发射器) into the tap shoes so that when Hines tapped, he was able to create different sounds.In 1989 ,May 25 was declared to be National Tap Dance Day. The significance of May 25 is that it was the birthday of Bill "Bojangles" Robinson. Robinson and his tap dance shoes are honored in his hometown of Richmond, Virginia with alife-sized statue.1.What contribution did Bill Robinson make to the development of tap dance shoes9A.He invented tap dance shoes.B.He took tap dance shoes onto stage.C.He had National Tap Dance Day declared.D.He made eyelet-style tap dance shoes popular.2.Who owned the patent of leather tap shoes9A.Shirley Temple.B.Fred Astaire.C.Tommy Tune.D.Ginger Rogers.3.How did Gregory Hines become a famous star?A.By inventing electronic tap shoes.B.By directing the film Tap in 1989.C.By designing a piece of wonderful tap dance.D.By wearing electronic tap shoes in a movie.4.What is the text mainly about?A.Development of tap dancing.B.Famous tap dancers in history.C.History of tap dance shoes.D.Effects of tap dancing on movies.(五)The 65-year-old Steve Goodwin was found suffering from early Alzheimer's (阿尔兹海默症).He was los- ing his memory.A software engineer by profession,Steve was a keen lover of the piano,and the only musician in his family.Music was his true passion,though he had never performed outside the family.Melissa ,his daughter,felt it more than worthwhile to save his music,to which she fell asleep each night when she was young.She thought about hiring a professional pianist to work with her father. Naomi,Ｍelissa's best friend and a talented pianist,got to know about this and showed willingness to help."Why do this?" Steve wondered. "Because she cares." Ｍelissa said. Steve nodded,tear in eye. Naomi drove to the Goodwin home.She told Steve she'd love to hear him play.Steve moved to the piano and sat at the bench,hands trembling as he gently placed his fingers on the keys.Naomi put a small recorder near the piano.Starts and stops and mistakes.Long pauses,heart sinking.But Steve pressed on,playing for the first time in his life for a stranger."It was beautiful,"Naomi said after listening to the recording. "The music was worth saving."Her responsibility,her privilege,would be to rescue it.The music was still in Steve Goodwin.It was hid- den in rooms with doors about to be locked.Naomi and Steve met every other week and spent hours together.He'd move his fingers clumsily on the piano ,and then she'd take his place.He struggled to explain what he heard in his head.He stood by the piano, eyes closed,listening for the first time to his own work being played by someone else.Steve and Naomi spoke in musical code:lines,beats,intervals,moving from the root to end a song in a new key.Steve heard it.All of it.He just couldn't play it.Working with Naomi did wonders for Steve.It had excited within him the belief he could write one last song.One day,Naomi received an email.Attached was a recording,a recording of loss and love,of the fight. Steve called it "Ｍelancholy Flower."Naomi heard multiple stops and starts,Steve struggling,searching while his wife Joni called him"honey" and encouraged him.The task was so hard,and Steve,angry and upset,said he was quitting.Joni praised him , telling her husband this could be his signature piece.Naomi managed to figure out 16 of Steve's favorite,and most personal,songs.Ｗith Naomi's help,the Goodwin family found a sound engineer to record Naomi playing Steve's songs.Joni thought that would be the end.But it wasn't.In the months leading up to the 2016 Oregon Repertory Singers Christmas concert,Naomi told the direc- tor she had a special one in mind:"Ｍelancholy Flower." She told the director about her project with Steve.The director agreed to add it to the playing list.But Naomi would have to ask Steve's permission.He considered it an honor. After the concert,Naomi told the family that Steve's music was beautiful and professional.It needed to be shared in public.The family rented a former church in downtown Portland and scheduled a concert.By the day of the show,more than 300 people had said they would attend.By then,Steve was having a hard time remembering the names of some of hisfriends.He knew the path his life was now taking.He told his family he was at peace.Steve arrived and sat in the front row,surrounded by his family.The house lights faded.Naomi took the tage.Her fingers.His heart.1.Why did Melissa want to save her father's music?A.His music could stop his disease from worsening.B.She wanted to please her dying old father.C.His music deserved to be preserved in the family.D.She wanted to make her father a professional.2.After hearing Steve's playing,Naomi .A.refused to make a comment on itB.was deeply impressed by his musicC.decided to free Steve from sufferingD.regretted offering help to her friend3.How can the process of Steve's recording be described?A.It was slow but productive.B.It was beneficial to his health.C.It was tiresome for Naomi.D.It was vital for Naomi's career.4.Before Steve finished "Melancholy Flower," his wife Joni .A.thought the music talent of Steve was exhaustedB.didn't expect the damage the disease brought aboutC.didn't fully realize the value of her husband's musicD.brought her husband's music career to perfection5.How did Steve feel at the concert held in downtown Portland?A.He felt concerned about his illness.B.He sensed a responsibility for music.C.He regained his faith in music.D.He got into a state of quiet.6.What can be a suitable title for the passage?A.The Kindness of FriendsB.The Power of MusicC.The Making of a MusicianD.The Value of Determination参考答案：一：DCBB 二：AADD 三：BDCDA 四：BBDC 五: CBACB。

备战2021年高考英语篇章体裁分类专项训练专题09 夹叙夹议（一）话题：一、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

When Prime Minister Winston Churchill was young, he attended a public school called Harrow. He was not a 1 student. As a matter of fact, he’d have been thrown out of the school, if he hadn’t been the son of a famous leader. However, he 2 his study at Harrow, went on to the university, and then had a successful 3 in the army. He later was elected Prime Minister and brought great honor to Britain. Toward the end of his period as Prime Minister, he was____4____ to address the young boys at Harrow, his old 4 He gave this short but moving speech: “Young men, never give up. Never give up! Never give up! 5 !”Many people___7_____ Abraham Lincoln to be the greatest president of all time. Yet it should be 6 how many failures and defeats 7 his early life. He grew up on a small farm. In those early years, his family 8 had a penny and he had only one year of___11_____education. In 1832, he lost his job. In 1833 he 9in business. In 1835, the woman he loved died. In 1843 he was 10 when he tried to enter the Congress(国会).In 1856, he was defeated in the___14_____ for vice president. In spite of these, he didn’t 11 , and he was elected President of the US in 1860.Personal history, education, situation—none of these can 12 a strong spirit. Some of the world’s greatest people have____17____ huge problems and difficulties at some time in their lives, but they’ve gone on to do 13 deeds. Bury him in the snows of Valley Forge, and you have a George Washington. Make a musical genius____19____to hear, and you have a Ludwig van Beethoven. Call him__20______ to learn, and write him off as stupid, and you have an Albert Einstein.1．A．clever B．lazy C．famous D．good2．A．abandoned B．supported C．completed D．appreciated3．A．fight B．career C．speech D．movement4．A．invited B．ordered C．forced D．informed5．A．family B．school C．centre D．hometown6．A．Always B．Sometimes C．Once D．Never7．A．ignore B．want C．sense D．consider8．A．forgiven B．forgotten C．remembered D．blamed9．A．respected B．served C．marked D．spared10．A．usually B．hardly C．fairly D．merely11．A．regular B．special C．extra D．royal12．A．appeared B．opened C．succeeded D．failed13．A．lost B．defeated C．valued D．cared14．A．exchange B．election C．entrance D．benefit15．A．make up B．agree with C．take over D．give up16．A．hold back B．depend on C．keep up D．apply for17．A．answered B．controlled C．met D．avoided18．A．crazy B．small C．new D．great19．A．unable B．hesitate C．hopeful D．likely20．A．slow B．wise C．quick D．Strong二、阅读选择AMegan Piontkowski, an artist and illustrator, was out of work due to the pandemic (流行病). She learned through a friend that a Brooklyn hospital needed fabric masks for workers. Piontkowski already had some fabric on hand and a sewing machine, so she got to work. She washed the fabric, sewed masks, washed them again, and hung them to dry. After that she drove them to the hospital. When she asked if the hospital would pay for the masks. she was told they had no money.“I felt very mixed about it,” she told VOX, a famous American TV station. She knew the hospital needed masks badly. But meanwhile, “I’m out of work and I 'm being asked to donate them.” “The fact that she wasn't compensated(补偿) for sewing highly necessary items felt like a ease of traditional ‘women’s work’ not being valued,” Piontkowski said. While larger companies have begun massive cloth masks in recent weeks, much of the work of making the protective clothes, especially in the early stages of the pandemic, was done at home-often by women. That gender breakdown is continuing in some volunteer efforts-about 85 percent of the around 70 volunteers sewing masks for the New York City-based group Face Mask Aid, for example, are women.And masks are only part of the story. The demands of daily life during the coronavirus pandemic are many, from shopping for food shortages and virus fears to caring for children when schools and day cares are closed. And in many cases, women are the ones figuring out how to meet those new demands. Some women are still working outside the home a essential workers but shouldering care responsibilities when they get home.It doesn’t have to be this way. With more men going into tasks like cooking and educating children, it is potential to reset gender norms. “The pandemic is potentially sparking new conversations about divisions of labor,” Jill Yavorsky, a sociology professor at the University of North Carolina, Charlotte, told VOX.21．What can we learn about Megan Piontkowski from paragraph 1?A. She would be paid for the masks.B. She used the fabric to make masks.C. She often worked for a Brooklyn hospital.D. She usually drove to the hospital with masks.22．What does the underlined word “mixed” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Confused.B. Upset.C. Combined.D. Anxious.23．What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A. Traditional women's work is highly valued.B. Women are expert at making protective clothes.C. Gender breakdown is going on in some volunteer efforts.D. Larger companies produced massive masks al the beginning.24．What conclusion can we draw from the last two paragraphs?A. Now men do more chores than women.B. It is unlikely to reset gender norms.C. Women did all the tasks all the time.D. New division of labor might appear.BA famous teacher was speaking to the students at our school. He began his lesson by holding up a ￡100 bill. Then he said to the three hundred students, "Who would like to have this ￡100 bill?" The students began to put up their hands at once.Then he said, "I am going to give this bill to one of you, but first, let me do this." He then made this bill into a ball. Then he said, "Who wants it?" Hands went into the air."Well," he said, "What if I do this?" and he dropped it on the floor and stepped on it. He picked up the dirty, crumpled bill and said, "Who still wants it?" Hands went back into the air."My friends," he said, "You've learned a valuable lesson today. No matter what I did to the money, you still wanted it because it didn't go down in value. It was still worth ￡100.”“Many times in our lives, we're dropped, crumpled, and stepped on by the chances we take and the things that happen to us. We feel as if we are worth nothing. But remember, no matter what has happened to you, you will never lose your value: you are always valuable to those who love you. Your value doesn't come from what you drop or whom you know, but WHO YOU ARE.”You are special and valuable. Don't ever forget it!25．Even though the money was dirty, it _______.A. went up in valueB. was worth muchC. didn't reduce in valueD. was still ours26．The underlined sentence in the third paragraph means_______.A. the students put up their hands again.B. the students put down their hands.C. the students agreed to what the teacher saidD. the students put their hands in front of them27．Why did the famous teacher use a ￡100 at his lesson?A. Because he wanted to give a lecture about money.B. Because he was used to dropping a bill on the floor and stepping on it.C. Because he was going to give the bill to one of the students.D. Because he wanted to make the students know what the value was.28．What lesson can you learn from the passage?A. ￡100 bill is worth the same no matter what you do with it .B. All people love money most.C. Your value doesn't change no matter what happens to you.D. The value of money changes when it is made dirty.CI live in a small studio. I sleep in a bed that folds down from the wall.I have six dress shirts. I have 10 shallow bowls that I use for salads and main dishes. When people come over for dinner. I pull out my extendable dining room table.I don't have a single CD or DVD and I have 10 percent of the books I once did.I have come a long way from the life I had in the late’90s, when, having made a fortune from an Internet start-up sale, I had a giant house full of stuff(物品)-electronics and cars and appliances and furniture.Somehow this stuff ended up running my life, or a lot of it; the things I consumed ended up consuming me. My life became unnecessarily complicated. There were lawns(草坪)to mow,floors to mop, a car to insure, wash, refuel, repair and register and tech to set up and keep working. Who had I become? My house and my things weremy new employers for a job I had never applied for. I started to wonder why my theoretically upgraded life didn't feel any better and why I felt more anxious than before.For me, it took 15 years to get rid of the things I had collected and live a bigger,better,richer life with less.I like material things as much as anyone.I studied product design in school. But my experiences show that after a certain point, material objects have a tendency to crowd out the emotional needs they are meant to support. I know the best stuff in life isn't stuff at all, and that relationships, experiences and meaningful work are the main parts of a happy life.My latest project is to design thoughtfully constructed small homes that support our lives, not the other way around. The house I design contains less stuff and makes it easier for owners to live within their means and to limit their environmental footprint.My space is well-built, affordable and as functional as living spaces twice the size. I frequently have dinner parties for 12. I sleep better knowing I'm not using more resources than I need. I have less-and enjoy more.My space is small. My life is big.29．Why does the author use a bed that folds down from the wall?A. To save time.B. To save space.C. To make the room neat.D. To sleep comfortably.30．How did the author feel about his things in the late'90s?A. They were complicated.B. They were expensive to run.C. They were a great burden.D. They couldn't meet the daily needs.31．What do we know about the house the author designs?A. It is used for dinner parties.B. There is no stuff in the house.C. It is larger than his studio.D. The space is actually larger than it is.32．What is the best title for the text?A. Living Better with LessB. Consuming Less to Save MoneyC. Longing for the Good Old DaysD. Building a Comfortable Living Space三、七选五Every week for the past thirty years, I have hosted a Sunday dinner in my home. People, including total strangers, call or e-mail to book a spot. I hold the salon in my studio. The first fifty people who call may come-twice that many when the weather is nice and we can overflow into the garden.33. Last week it was a philosophy student from Lisbon, and next week a dear friend from London will cook.People from all corners of the world come to break bread together，to meet to talk, and often to become friends. All ages, nationalities, races, and professions gather here, and since there is no organized seating, the opportunity for connecting couldn’t be better. I love the randomness (随意).I have a good memory^ so each week I make a point to remember everyone’s name on the guest list and where they’re from so I can introduce them to one another. If I had my way, I would introduce everyone in the whole world to one another.34. Many travelers go to see things like the Tower of London, the Statue of Liberty, the Eiffel Tower, and so on. I travel to see friends，even-or especially-those I’ve never met.In the late 1980s, I edited a series of guidebooks to different countries.35. Instead, each book contained about a thousand biographies of people who would be willing t0 welcome travelers in their cities. Hundreds of friendships evolved from these encounters, including including marriages and babies.The same can be said for my salon. At a recent dinner a six-year-old girl from Bosnia spent the entire evening glued to an eight-year-old boy from Estonia. Their parents were surprised, and pleased, by this immediate friendship.36. Most of them speak English, at least as a second language. Recently a dinner featured a typical mix: a beautiful painter from Norway, a truck driver from Arizona, a newspaper editor from Sydney and students from all over.It is unnecessary to understand others; one must, at the very least, simply tolerate others.37. No one can ever really understand anyone else, but you can love them or at least accept them.I am a world citizen. All human history is mine. My roots cover the earth. We should know each other. Okay, now come and dine.A．I believe in introducing people to people.B．People are the most important thing in my life.C．There were no sights to see, no shops or museums to visit.D．Tolerance can lead to respect and, finally, to love.E.After all, our lives are all connected.F.Every Sunday a different friend prepares a feast.G.There is always a collection of people throughout the world.四、用单词的适当形式完成短文IT WAS 1:00 a.m. in Tokyo. We’d got lost trying to find our Airbnb, and were now at an address that looked 90% right. There were keys in the letterbox, 38. our host said they’d be. So when the security code didn’t work, I just grabbed them out through the narrow hole with my hands.But when I was turning the keys in the lock, the door opened. A lady and her daughter looked out at us, 39. (puzzle). Definitely not our Airbnb then. Amazingly though, they didn’t scream at us, call the police, or both. For the next 20 minutes, they tried to help us find the right ad dress. And when we turned up nothing, they formally apologized to us — the foreigners who 40．(try) to break into their home.In Japan, there are many ways to apologize. The lady used “gomen-nasai,” 41. most people use the more casual “sumimasen.” Often translated as an apologetic “excuse me,” it 42. be heard in doorways, taxis, shops and restaurants in Japan.“Only 10% of ‘sumimasen’ is an apology,” 43. Laurie Inokuma, who holds a degree in Japanese from Cornell University. “Ninety percent is used to show respect, politeness and honesty,” she said. “It’s an everyday word. When someone does something for you, getting out of your way in the grocery store, or holding a door, ‘sumimasen’ is the common response.”Just as easily as a “thank you” or a “sorry”, “sumimasen” is regularly used to acknowledge the trouble someone has gone to for you. “There’s a modesty in it; 44. (depend) on the situation, it’s either apologetic or grateful,” Inokuma said.Erin Niimi Longhurst, a British-Japanese author, agrees. “There’s a culture of apology but also a culture of thankfulness in Japan,” she said. This year’s World Cup is an example of this level of courtesy: When Japan lost its final match, the team made headlines when they stayed behind 45. (clean) the entire changing room. Theyeven left a thank-you note.If apologies are just one cog (齿轮) in the larger moving wheel of Japanese politeness, where does this cultural concept come from? “There is a need for politeness in Japan to get along with your neighbors living above you — it’s a respect for others,” Inokuma said. Japan has some of 46. (densely) packed cities in the world. 47. there’s a limit on space, it suddenly seems natural to become as considerate as possible.五、短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

备战2021年高考英语篇章体裁分类专项训练专题09 夹叙夹议（一）话题：一、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

When Prime Minister Winston Churchill was young, he attended a public school called Harrow. He was not a 1 student. As a matter of fact, he’d have been thrown out of the school, if he hadn’t been the son of a famous leader. However, he 2 his study at Harrow, went on to the university, and then had a successful 3 in the army. He later was elected Prime Minister and brought great honor to Britain. Toward the end of his period as Prime Minister, he was____4____ to address the young boys at Harrow, his old 4 He gave this short but moving speech: “Young men, never give up. Never give up! Never give up! 5 !”Many people___7_____ Abraham Lincoln to be the greatest president of all time. Yet it should be 6 how many failures and defeats 7 his early life. He grew up on a small farm. In those early years, his family 8 had a penny and he had only one year of___11_____education. In 1832, he lost his job. In 1833 he 9in business. In 1835, the woman he loved died. In 1843 he was 10 when he tried to enter the Congress(国会).In 1856, he was defeated in the___14_____ for vice president. In spite of these, he didn’t 11 , and he was elected President of the US in 1860.Personal history, education, situation—none of these can 12 a strong spirit. Some of the world’s greatest people have____17____ huge problems and difficulties at some time in their lives, but they’ve gone on to do 13 deeds. Bury him in the snows of Valley Forge, and you have a George Washington. Make a musical genius____19____to hear, and you have a Ludwig van Beethoven. Call him__20______ to learn, and write him off as stupid, and you have an Albert Einstein.1．A．clever B．lazy C．famous D．good2．A．abandoned B．supported C．completed D．appreciated3．A．fight B．career C．speech D．movement4．A．invited B．ordered C．forced D．informed5．A．family B．school C．centre D．hometown6．A．Always B．Sometimes C．Once D．Never7．A．ignore B．want C．sense D．consider8．A．forgiven B．forgotten C．remembered D．blamed9．A．respected B．served C．marked D．spared10．A．usually B．hardly C．fairly D．merely11．A．regular B．special C．extra D．royal12．A．appeared B．opened C．succeeded D．failed13．A．lost B．defeated C．valued D．cared14．A．exchange B．election C．entrance D．benefit15．A．make up B．agree with C．take over D．give up16．A．hold back B．depend on C．keep up D．apply for17．A．answered B．controlled C．met D．avoided18．A．crazy B．small C．new D．great19．A．unable B．hesitate C．hopeful D．likely20．A．slow B．wise C．quick D．Strong二、阅读选择AMegan Piontkowski, an artist and illustrator, was out of work due to the pandemic (流行病). She learned through a friend that a Brooklyn hospital needed fabric masks for workers. Piontkowski already had some fabric on hand and a sewing machine, so she got to work. She washed the fabric, sewed masks, washed them again, and hung them to dry. After that she drove them to the hospital. When she asked if the hospital would pay for the masks. she was told they had no money.“I felt very mixed about it,” she told VOX, a famous American TV station. She knew the hospital needed masks badly. But meanwhile, “I’m out of work and I 'm being asked to donate them.” “The fact that she wasn't compensated(补偿) for sewing highly necessary items felt like a ease of traditional ‘women’s work’ not being valued,” Piontkowski said. While larger companies have begun massive cloth masks in recent weeks, much of the work of making the protective clothes, especially in the early stages of the pandemic, was done at home-often by women. That gender breakdown is continuing in some volunteer efforts-about 85 percent of the around 70 volunteers sewing masks for the New York City-based group Face Mask Aid, for example, are women.And masks are only part of the story. The demands of daily life during the coronavirus pandemic are many, from shopping for food shortages and virus fears to caring for children when schools and day cares are closed. And in many cases, women are the ones figuring out how to meet those new demands. Some women are still working outside the home a essential workers but shouldering care responsibilities when they get home.It doesn’t have to be this way. With more men going into tasks like cooking and educating children, it is potential to reset gender norms. “The pandemic is potentially sparking new conversations about divisions of labor,” Jill Yavorsky, a sociology professor at the University of North Carolina, Charlotte, told VOX.21．What can we learn about Megan Piontkowski from paragraph 1?A. She would be paid for the masks.B. She used the fabric to make masks.C. She often worked for a Brooklyn hospital.D. She usually drove to the hospital with masks.22．What does the underlined word “mixed” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Confused.B. Upset.C. Combined.D. Anxious.23．What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A. Traditional women's work is highly valued.B. Women are expert at making protective clothes.C. Gender breakdown is going on in some volunteer efforts.D. Larger companies produced massive masks al the beginning.24．What conclusion can we draw from the last two paragraphs?A. Now men do more chores than women.B. It is unlikely to reset gender norms.C. Women did all the tasks all the time.D. New division of labor might appear.BA famous teacher was speaking to the students at our school. He began his lesson by holding up a ￡100 bill. Then he said to the three hundred students, "Who would like to have this ￡100 bill?" The students began to put up their hands at once.Then he said, "I am going to give this bill to one of you, but first, let me do this." He then made this bill into a ball. Then he said, "Who wants it?" Hands went into the air."Well," he said, "What if I do this?" and he dropped it on the floor and stepped on it. He picked up the dirty, crumpled bill and said, "Who still wants it?" Hands went back into the air."My friends," he said, "You've learned a valuable lesson today. No matter what I did to the money, you still wanted it because it didn't go down in value. It was still worth ￡100.”“Many times in our lives, we're dropped, crumpled, and stepped on by the chances we take and the things that happen to us. We feel as if we are worth nothing. But remember, no matter what has happened to you, you will never lose your value: you are always valuable to those who love you. Your value doesn't come from what you drop or whom you know, but WHO YOU ARE.”You are special and valuable. Don't ever forget it!25．Even though the money was dirty, it _______.A. went up in valueB. was worth muchC. didn't reduce in valueD. was still ours26．The underlined sentence in the third paragraph means_______.A. the students put up their hands again.B. the students put down their hands.C. the students agreed to what the teacher saidD. the students put their hands in front of them27．Why did the famous teacher use a ￡100 at his lesson?A. Because he wanted to give a lecture about money.B. Because he was used to dropping a bill on the floor and stepping on it.C. Because he was going to give the bill to one of the students.D. Because he wanted to make the students know what the value was.28．What lesson can you learn from the passage?A. ￡100 bill is worth the same no matter what you do with it .B. All people love money most.C. Your value doesn't change no matter what happens to you.D. The value of money changes when it is made dirty.CI live in a small studio. I sleep in a bed that folds down from the wall.I have six dress shirts. I have 10 shallow bowls that I use for salads and main dishes. When people come over for dinner. I pull out my extendable dining room table.I don't have a single CD or DVD and I have 10 percent of the books I once did.I have come a long way from the life I had in the late’90s, when, having made a fortune from an Internet start-up sale, I had a giant house full of stuff(物品)-electronics and cars and appliances and furniture.Somehow this stuff ended up running my life, or a lot of it; the things I consumed ended up consuming me.My life became unnecessarily complicated. There were lawns(草坪)to mow,floors to mop, a car to insure, wash, refuel, repair and register and tech to set up and keep working. Who had I become? My house and my things were my new employers for a job I had never applied for. I started to wonder why my theoretically upgraded life didn't feel any better and why I felt more anxious than before.For me, it took 15 years to get rid of the things I had collected and live a bigger,better,richer life with less.I like material things as much as anyone.I studied product design in school. But my experiences show that after a certain point, material objects have a tendency to crowd out the emotional needs they are meant to support. I know the best stuff in life isn't stuff at all, and that relationships, experiences and meaningful work are the main parts of a happy life.My latest project is to design thoughtfully constructed small homes that support our lives, not the other way around. The house I design contains less stuff and makes it easier for owners to live within their means and to limit their environmental footprint.My space is well-built, affordable and as functional as living spaces twice the size. I frequently have dinner parties for 12. I sleep better knowing I'm not using more resources than I need. I have less-and enjoy more.My space is small. My life is big.29．Why does the author use a bed that folds down from the wall?A. To save time.B. To save space.C. To make the room neat.D. To sleep comfortably.30．How did the author feel about his things in the late'90s?A. They were complicated.B. They were expensive to run.C. They were a great burden.D. They couldn't meet the daily needs.31．What do we know about the house the author designs?A. It is used for dinner parties.B. There is no stuff in the house.C. It is larger than his studio.D. The space is actually larger than it is.32．What is the best title for the text?A. Living Better with LessB. Consuming Less to Save MoneyC. Longing for the Good Old DaysD. Building a Comfortable Living Space三、七选五Every week for the past thirty years, I have hosted a Sunday dinner in my home. People, including total strangers, call or e-mail to book a spot. I hold the salon in my studio. The first fifty people who call may come-twice that many when the weather is nice and we can overflow into the garden.33. Last week it was a philosophy student from Lisbon, and next week a dear friend from London will cook.People from all corners of the world come to break bread together，to meet to talk, and often to become friends. All ages, nationalities, races, and professions gather here, and since there is no organized seating, the opportunity for connecting couldn’t be better. I love the randomness (随意).I have a good memory^ so each week I make a point to remember everyone’s name on the guest list and where they’re from so I can introduce them to one another. If I had my way, I would introduce everyone in the whole world to one another.34. Many travelers go to see things like the Tower of London, the Statue of Liberty, the Eiffel Tower, and so on. I travel to see friends，even-or especially-those I’ve never met.In the late 1980s, I edited a series of guidebooks to different countries.35. Instead, each book contained about a thousand biographies of people who would be willing t0 welcome travelers in their cities. Hundreds of friendships evolved from these encounters, including including marriages and babies.The same can be said for my salon. At a recent dinner a six-year-old girl from Bosnia spent the entire evening glued to an eight-year-old boy from Estonia. Their parents were surprised, and pleased, by this immediate friendship.36. Most of them speak English, at least as a second language. Recently a dinner featured a typical mix: a beautiful painter from Norway, a truck driver from Arizona, a newspaper editor from Sydney and students from all over.It is unnecessary to understand others; one must, at the very least, simply tolerate others.37. No one can ever really understand anyone else, but you can love them or at least accept them.I am a world citizen. All human history is mine. My roots cover the earth. We should know each other. Okay, now come and dine.A．I believe in introducing people to people.B．People are the most important thing in my life.C．There were no sights to see, no shops or museums to visit.D．Tolerance can lead to respect and, finally, to love.E.After all, our lives are all connected.F.Every Sunday a different friend prepares a feast.G.There is always a collection of people throughout the world.四、用单词的适当形式完成短文IT WAS 1:00 a.m. in Tokyo. We’d got lost trying to find our Airbnb, and were now at an address that looked 90% right. There were keys in the letterbox, 38. our host said they’d be. So when the security code didn’t work, I just grabbed them out through the narrow hole with my hands.But when I was turning the keys in the lock, the door opened. A lady and her daughter looked out at us, 39. (puzzle). Definitely not our Airbnb then. Amazingly though, they didn’t scream at us, call the police, or both. For the next 20 minutes, they tried to help us find the right ad dress. And when we turned up nothing, they formally apologized to us — the foreigners who 40．(try) to break into their home.In Japan, there are many ways to apologize. The lady used “gomen-nasai,” 41. most people use the more casual “sumimasen.” Often translated as an apologetic “excuse me,” it 42. be heard in doorways, taxis, shops and restaurants in Japan.“Only 10% of ‘sumimasen’ is an apology,” 43. Laurie Inokuma, who holds a degree in Japanese from Cornell University. “Ninety percent is used to show respect, politeness and honesty,” she said. “It’s an everyday word. When someone does something for you, getting out of your way in the grocery store, or holding a door, ‘sumimasen’ is the common response.”Just as easily as a “thank you” or a “sorry”, “sumimasen” is regularly used to acknowledge the trouble someone has gone to for you. “There’s a modesty in it; 44. (depend) on the situation, it’s either apologetic or grateful,” Inokuma said.Erin Niimi Longhurst, a British-Japanese author, agrees. “There’s a culture of apology but also a culture ofthankfulness in Japan,” she said. This year’s World Cup is an example of this level of courtesy: When Japan lost its final match, the team made headlines when they stayed behind 45. (clean) the entire changing room. They even left a thank-you note.If apologies are just one cog (齿轮) in the larger moving wheel of Japanese politeness, where does this cultural concept come from? “There is a need for politeness in Japan to get along with your neighbors living above you — it’s a respect for others,” Inokuma said. Japan has some of 46. (densely) packed cities in the world. 47. there’s a limit on space, it suddenly seems natural to become as considerate as possible.五、短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

解密19完形填空之夹叙夹议文夹叙夹议的文章是高考完形填空中最有难度的，也是最热点的一类体裁。

所选文章语言地道、寓意深刻、可读性强。

文章常常在平淡的叙述中蕴含着深刻的人生哲理。

此类选材倾向于注重短文本身的教育意义。

作者首先叙述一件事，在叙述过程中或结束后发表自己的看法或由此事引出一个深刻的社会问题。

文章的显著特点是首句可能在传达一个事件信息或透视一种社会现象，而后对此进行高层次评价，或由此引发一种深层次思考，具有记叙与议论的双重性，文情并茂，发人深思。

解题时，应借助上下文乃至全文的语境揣摩作者的心境，及其对各个角色、各个事件的态度。

【备考建议】1.浏览全文，厘清脉络对于完形填空题，无论考场时间多紧，也要坚持用两三分钟的时间大体浏览一下全文厘清文章的脉络再做题。

①重视文章首句，通过首句作出合理的预测；②重视每层首尾句，揣摩文章发展的脉络；③重视议论部分，提炼文章的主旨大意。

2.分层落实，能填则填浏览全文，厘清了文章的脉络后，接下来便是做题的过程。

完形填空绝大部分题目应该都是基础题目，也就是上文提到的句内、句句层次题。

这些题目完全可以根据掌握的文章大意，再结合本句或相邻的几个句子做到边读边填。

随着一个个空缺被填充，文章被还原，文意想要表达的内容也就越来越显现、越明朗，做题就会越来越顺手。

所以做完形填空第二步的正确做法是：能填的尽量填一填，先把部分残缺的信息补齐。

3.重读全文，解决难题对于语篇层次题不要急于下结论。

这类题的解题信息不局限于某一句或某一句群，而是分散在某一段或几段甚至全篇，要求考生理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脉络，作者的思想、意图或主人公的心理，然后进行准确的推理、判断，从而做出正确的选择。

我们通常称这类题目为语篇层次题。

对于此类题目，一定要坚持这样一个原则——不急于解答，所以在大部分空格填好后，再仔细推敲难题。

此时难题也就不再难了。

如果时间允许的话，最好在所有空格填好后，把整篇文章从头至尾再复读一遍来进行核查。