活页综合提升练(九)
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综合练(一)——第一单元1.下列加点字的读音完全正确的一项是( B )A.风骚.(sāo)莽.莽(mánɡ)黎.明(lí)稍逊.(xùn)B.妖娆.(ráo)娉.婷(pīnɡ)嘶.哑(sī)邮.票(yóu)C.海峡.(xiá)凝.望(nínɡ)忧戚.(qì)冠冕.(miǎn)D.喉.咙(hóu)枉.然(wǎnɡ)摇曳.(yâ)鲜妍.(yàn)2.下列词语书写有误的一项是 ( D )A.汹涌呢喃坦荡激怒B.坟墓鹅黄飘逸漫游C.沉醉咏赞腐烂柔嫩D.悲奋勃发轻灵红晕3.下列加点成语运用不正确的一项是 ( A )A.在改革发展的新时代,我们年轻人要怀着目空一切....的豪情壮志,敢于迎接任何前所未有的挑战。
B.久雪初晴,林海雪原在阳光的照射下,红装素裹....,绚丽多彩,如画般美丽,吸引了众多游客前往游玩、观赏。
C.据调查,在各种不文明行为中,市民对不遵守交通法规乱闯红灯的行为深恶痛...疾.。
D.展望古今中外风流人物....,看历史的车辙辗转,留下了辉煌的痕迹,触动了我的心灵。
4.下列句子中没有语病的一项是( B )A.唱着毕业的骊歌,回眸初中生活的阴晴雨雪,七彩校园里回响着我们青春的誓言和浓浓的师生情谊。
B.中国不仅有发展“一带一路”这一宏大倡议的决心,也有实现这一美好蓝图的能力。
C.据业内专家估计,仅在我国,未来5年内大数据人才缺口就将超过130万人以上。
D.由于电影《摔跤吧!爸爸》以真情动人,使它取得了意想不到的成功,深受广大观众赞誉。
5.阅读下面的文字,回答(1)~(5)题。
闲敲棋子落灯花①一直喜欢一句诗:有约不来过夜半,闲敲棋子落灯花。
有道是“最难风雨故人来”,朋友的失约让诗人略显沮丧,但这沮丧随即便被他的闲情逸致所冲散。
聚会下棋本是消磨时光,没什么功利与目的,来与不来本就无碍。
于是,他开始闲敲棋子,自己玩味起来。
一、基础知识(每题2分,共20分)1. 下列加点字读音正确的一项是()A. 漠视(mò)漫步(màn)漫不经心(màn)B. 翘首(qiáo)翘盼(qiào)翘楚(qiáo)C. 沉湎(miǎn)沉默(mò)沉着(chén)D. 剥削(bō)剥夺(bō)剥皮(bāo)2. 下列词语书写正确的一项是()A. 谈笑风生恣意妄为轰轰烈烈B. 贪得无厌调兵遣将振聋发聩C. 振作精神雕梁画栋雪中送炭D. 震耳欲聋碧波荡漾欣欣向荣3. 下列句子没有语病的一项是()A. 为了庆祝国庆节,学校组织了一次盛大的文艺晚会。
B. 在这次比赛中,他表现得非常出色,赢得了观众的一致好评。
C. 他虽然年纪小,但已经表现出很高的文学天赋。
D. 我觉得这篇文章写得很不错,值得我们学习。
4. 下列句子中,加点词语使用恰当的一项是()A. 他对这个问题研究得很深入,已经找到了解决的办法。
B. 我发现他的学习成绩有所下降,可能是学习方法不当。
C. 她在比赛中取得了优异的成绩,受到了大家的赞誉。
D. 他因为工作繁忙,没有时间参加这次活动。
5. 下列句子中,加点词语使用不恰当的一项是()A. 这本书内容丰富,语言生动,值得我们反复阅读。
B. 她在演讲比赛中,运用丰富的词汇,赢得了评委的青睐。
C. 他在工作中,始终保持谦虚谨慎的态度,得到了同事们的尊重。
D. 她在考试中取得了好成绩,得益于她平时勤奋学习。
6. 下列句子中,加点成语使用恰当的一项是()A. 他的演讲激情洋溢,赢得了观众的阵阵掌声。
B. 她的歌声婉转动听,仿佛在诉说着一个美好的故事。
C. 他做事认真负责,一丝不苟,是大家学习的榜样。
D. 她的表演幽默风趣,让人忍俊不禁。
7. 下列句子中,加点词语使用恰当的一项是()A. 他的文章写得很棒,令人拍案叫绝。
B. 她的表演精彩纷呈,让人目不暇接。
C. 他的发言深入浅出,让大家受益匪浅。
组合练(十)小说阅读卖伞姑娘①有些想念是不需要理由的,就像时常跃入我心中的那个姑娘的身影。
每当缠绵的细雨裹住这个城市的时候,这种思念就如同四处弥漫的细雨一样,无边无际。
②那是一年前的一个雨夜。
路灯在丝丝雨线织成的帷帐里睁着惺忪的睡眼,洒下的光映射在路面的积水上。
在单位加班昏了头的我下了楼,才知道这个城市的一切都猫进了细雨的怀抱里。
我呆望这路灯罩里舒缓而降的雨丝,想起了远在十多公里之外的家,心一横,推着车子撞破了雨雾。
③“先生,您需要一把伞吗?”正准备骑上车子的我,突然听到一个轻盈、温馨的声音。
回过头我才发现单位大门外的路灯下站着一位姑娘,怀里抱着一捆伞。
她有十六七岁的样子,穿着鹅黄色的薄毛衣和黑色的长裙,背光站着,我看不清她的脸庞。
④我的确是需要一把伞呀!我停下来,仔细地把她怀抱中的十几把雨伞挑了一遍。
我那时世俗地想:街头小贩的东西十有八九是假冒伪劣,既然急需,那就买吧,但挑挑拣拣的事儿是不能掉以轻心的。
⑤那姑娘极有耐心地把我打开包装的雨伞又一一装上。
她蹲下来时,一头长发几乎垂到地上,发梢上一缕缕地淌着雨水。
⑥“姑娘,你卖的是雨伞,为什么不自己用一把?看你,小心淋病了。
”我嘴上这么说,手里却没有停下挑拣的动作。
⑦“一用就卖不出去了,这是我这学期的生活费……”姑娘说了半截,止住了话头。
我才明白,眼前的这个小贩是个学生。
我想接着问她其他的情况,但她再不肯说一句话了,只是细心地拾掇着被我弄乱的雨伞。
⑧事情就这么简单,简单得如同到集贸市场那样。
我刚走到半路时,原本温柔细腻的雨丝变成了瓢泼狂暴的大雨。
因而,那把雨伞便显得尤为体贴、尤为及时……⑨隔了两天,我无意中翻阅晚报时,在一版右下角看到了一幅图片报道。
虽然那晚我没有看到卖伞姑娘的面孔,但我从衣着的款式、颜色和报道的内容上立即断定,她就是我遇见的那个卖雨伞的姑娘。
图片报道简练得只有几句说明:“这位贫困大学生昨晚在勤工俭学卖雨伞时,挺着感冒了好几天的病体,因冒雨等待一位付款时掏掉了四百多元钱的顾客,而昏倒在街头……”那个因付款而掏丢了四百多元钱的人不是我。
综合练(五)——第四单元1.下列加点字的注音全部正确的一项是( C )A.恣睢.(suī)阔绰.(chuò)叱咤.风云(chà)万恶不赦.(shè)B.祈.祷(qǐ)对峙.(zhì)断壁残垣.(yuán)引颈.受戮(jǐnɡ)C.栈.桥(zhàn)踱.步(duó)怏.怏不乐(yànɡ)既往不咎.(jiù)D.煞.白(shà)恫.吓(tònɡ)相形见绌.(zhuō)囊.萤映雪(nánɡ)2.下列词语书写全都正确的一项是( A )A.牟取祭祀袖手旁观置之不理B.诓骗拮据慷概淋漓郑重其事C.端祥驱除十拿九稳顾名思义D.帷幕应酬与日具增歇斯底里3.下列各句中,加点成语使用正确的一项是( D )A.不法分子利用微博、微信等平台实施诈骗,手段不断翻新,令人叹为观止....,防不胜防。
B.眼前的一切都被浓浓的大雾笼罩着,混沌一片,扑朔迷离....,什么都看不清。
C.对于作文中的错字和病句,很多同学不以为然....,认为这些问题不必太较真。
D.传统的古筝乐被分为南北两派,现一般分为九派,其曲目及演奏方法各有千...秋.。
4.下列句子中没有语病的一项是( D )A.经过大家的努力,产品的数量和质量都显著地提高了。
B.为了防止这类交通事故不再发生,我们加强了交通安全的教育和管理。
C.调查表明,我国有近百分之九十左右的青少年认为“诚实守信”是优秀的传统美德。
D.在优秀文学作品的影响下,你会发现自己少了一份庸俗,多了一份雅致。
5.课外文言文阅读。
先生少时就傅读书,过目成诵,日数千言不肯休。
授《大学章句》,至“右经一章”以下,问塾师:“此何以知为孔子之言而曾子记之?又何以知为曾子之意而门人记之?”师应之曰:“此朱文公所说。
”即问:“朱文公何时人?”曰:“宋朝人。
”“孔子、曾子何时人?”曰:“周朝人。
”“周朝、宋朝相去几何时矣?”曰:“几二千年矣。
1.(2009年高考江西卷)已知向量a=(3,1),b=(1,3),c=(k,7),若(a-c)∥b,则k=________.解析:∵a-c=(3,1)-(k,7)=(3-k,-6),又∵(a-c)∥b,∴3-k1=-63,∴k=5.答案:52.(2009年高考广东卷改编)已知平面向量a=(x,1),b=(-x,x2),则向量a+b的说法正确的有________.①平行于x轴;②平行于第一、三象限的角平分线;③平行于y 轴;④平行于第二、四象限的角平分线.解析:∵a+b=(0,x2+1),∴a+b平行于y轴.答案:③3.(2009年高考北京卷改编)已知向量a=(1,0),b=(0,1),c=k a +b(k∈R),d=a-b.如果c∥d,那么k=________,且c与______反向.解析:依题知d=a-b=(1,-1).又c=k a+b=(k,1).∵c∥d,∴1×1-(-1)·k=0,∴k=-1.又k=-1时,c=(-1,1)=-d,∴c与d反向.答案:-1d4.(2010年安徽合肥调研)已知命题:“若k1a+k2b=0,则k1=k2=0”是真命题,则下面对a、b的判断正确的是________.①a与b一定共线;②a与b一定不共线;③a与b一定垂直;④a与b中至少有一个为0.解析:由平面向量基本定理可知,当a,b不共线时,k1=k2=0.答案:②5.在复平面中,已知点A(2,1),B(0,2),C(-2,1),O(0,0).给出下面的结论:①直线OC 与直线BA 平行;②AB →+BC →=CA →;③OA →+OC →=OB →;④AC →=OB →-2OA →.其中正确结论的个数是________.解析:k O C =1-2=-12, k BA =2-10-2=-12, ∴OC ∥AB ,①正确;∵AB →+BC →=AC →,∴②错误;∵OA →+OC →=(0,2)=OB →,∴③正确;∵OB →-2OA →=(-4,0),AC →=(-4,0),∴④正确.答案:36.设点P (t 2+2t ,1)(t >0),则|OP →|(O 为坐标原点)的最小值是________.解析:由已知得|OP →|= (t 2+2t )2+1≥ (2 t 2×2t )2+1=5,当t =2时取得等号.答案: 57.(2009年高考湖北卷改编)已知P ={a |a =(1,0)+m (0,1),m ∈R },Q ={b |b =(1,1)+n (-1,1),n ∈R }是两个向量集合,则P ∩Q =________.解析:因a =(1,m ),b =(1-n,1+n ) ,由a =b ,得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧1=1-n m =1+n ,解得n =0,m =1,所以P ∩Q ={(1,1)}.答案:{(1,1)}8.设a 与b 是两个不共线的向量,且向量a +λb 与-(b -2a )共线,则实数λ的值等于________.解析:向量-(b -2a )=2a -b 与a +λb 共线,由向量共线的充要条件可知,1∶2=λ∶(-1),解得λ=-12.答案:-129.(2009年高考广东卷)若平面向量a ,b 满足|a +b |=1,a +b 平行于x 轴,b =(2,-1),则a =________.解析:a +b =(1,0)或(-1,0),则a =(1,0)-(2,-1)=(-1,1)或a =(-1,0)-(2,-1)=(-3,1).答案:(-1,1)或(-3,1)10.a =(1,2),b =(-3,2),当k 为何值时,k a +b 与a -3b 平行?平行时它们是同向还是反向?解:法一:k a +b =k (1,2)+(-3,2)=(k -3,2k +2),a -3b =(1,2)-3(-3,2)=(10,-4),当k a +b 与a -3b 平行时,存在唯一实数λ使k a +b =λ(a -3b ),由(k -3,2k +2)=λ(10,-4)得,⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧k -3=10λ,2k +2=-4λ.解得k =λ=-13, ∴当k =-13时,k a +b 与a -3b 平行,这时k a +b =-13a +b =-13(a -3b ).∵λ=-13<0,∴k a +b 与a -3b 反向.法二:由法一知k a +b =(k -3,2k +2),a -3b =(10,-4),∵k a +b 与a -3b 平行,∴(k -3)×(-4)-10×(2k +2)=0,解得k =-13,此时k a +b =(-13-3,-23+2)=-13(a -3b ).∴当k =-13时,k a +b 与a -3b 平行,并且反向.11.如图所示,在△OAB 中,OC →=14OA →,OD →=12OB →,AD 与BC交于点M ,设OA →=a ,OB →=b ,以a 、b 为基底表示OM →.解:设OM →=m a +n b (m ,n ∈R ),则AM →=OM →-OA →=(m -1)a +n b ,AD →=OD →-OA →=12b -a =-a +12b .因为A ,M ,D 三点共线,所以m -1-1=n 12,即m +2n =1, 而CM →=OM →-OC →=(m -14)a +n b ,CB →=OB →-OC →=b -14a =-14a +b ,因为C ,M ,B 三点共线,所以m -14-14=n 1,即4m +n =1.由⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ m +2n =1,4m +n =1,解得 ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ m =17,n =37,所以OM →=17a +37b .12.已知向量u =(x ,y )与向量v =(y,2y -x )的对应关系用v =f (u )表示.(1)若a =(1,1),b =(1,0),试求向量f (a )及f (b )的坐标;(2)求使f (c )=(4,5)的向量c 的坐标;(3)对于任意向量a 、b 及常数m 、n ,证明:f (m a +n b )=mf (a )+nf (b )恒成立.解:(1)若u =(x ,y ),则v =(y,2y -x )=f (u ),若a =(1,1),b =(1,0),则f (a )=(1,2×1-1)=(1,1),f (b )=(0,2×0-1)=(0,-1).(2)设c =(x ,y ),则f (c )=(y,2y -x )=(4,5),∴⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ y =4,2y -x =5,得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x =3,y =4,∴c =(3,4). (3)证明:设a =(a 1,a 2),b =(b 1,b 2),则m a +n b =(ma 1+nb 1,ma 2+nb 2),f (m a +n b )=(ma 2+nb 2,2ma 2+2nb 2-ma 1-nb 1).又mf (a )+nf (b )=m (a 2,2a 2-a 1)+n (b 2,2b 2-b 1)=(ma 2+nb 2,2ma 2+2nb 2-ma 1-nb 1),∴f (m a +n b )=mf (a )+nf (b ).。
活页综合提升练(四)Ⅰ.完形填空语篇解读:作者通过自己失去视力的亲身经历明白一个道理:失明是一件可怕的事情,但有了爱心和支持,你就能发现内在的力量并克服自己的缺陷。
1.B 尽管她有一个白色的拐杖,她更愿意(preferred)把姐姐和我当作看得见的向导。
2.A 由语境可知,我们经常被其他孩子取笑。
make fun of取笑;look up to尊敬;knock down撞倒; cheer up高兴起来,只有A项符合语境。
3.B 因为其他孩子的取笑,我发现自己不知不觉地在想(wondering)“为什么是我”。
4.D 我16岁时,开始有了自己的视力问题。
of one’s own某人自己的,为固定短语,在句中作定语。
5.A 在我自己即将失去视力的时候,我对于母亲的情况有了新的更好的理解(understanding)。
6.C 作为一个单身母亲,她做了很多我曾经认为不公平的(unfair)事情,但现在我明白了。
7.B 如果(if)我姐姐外出,我不得不待在家里帮妈妈。
8.A 由语境可知,妈妈讨厌(hated)独自待着。
9.D 由语境可知,随着时间的流逝,我的视力更糟了(worsened)。
10.C 但我不愿意相信我会失明(blind)。
11.A 由语境可知,我的儿子也有了同样的病。
develop发展;infect感染;become变得,成为;form形成。
只有A项符合语境。
12.C 直到我儿子有了同样的病,而且我也需要帮助时我才接受了我失明的状况(condition)。
situation 形势,情境;difficulty困难;decision决定,均不符合语境。
13.B 由下文的Without the services of the CNIB可知,我一直积极使用由CNIB给我提供的服务(services)。
14.D 我随身带着一张卡片,它能证明我是一个合法(legally)注册的盲人。
15.A 如果没有CNIB提供的服务,我就没有机会(opportunities)亲自做让我独立的事情。
第2讲胚胎工程、生物技术的安全性和伦理问题及生态工程(时间:45分钟,满分:100分)一、单项选择题(6×4分)1.(2019·江苏单科,9)通过胚胎移植技术,可以实现良种牛的快速繁殖。
下列相关叙述正确的是()。
A.对供体和受体母牛都要进行相同激素处理B.受精和胚胎的早期培养都需要在体外进行C.对冲卵获得的原肠胚检查合格后方可移植D.胚胎分割移植实现同卵多胎的成功率较低解析本题主要考查胚胎移植的有关问题。
常用孕激素对受体母牛进行同期发情处理,对供体母牛还要注射促性腺激素做超数排卵处理,故A错;受精和早期胚胎培养可在雌性动物体内完成,也可以在体外完成,故B错;对冲卵获得的桑椹胚或囊胚检查合格后方可移植,故C错;胚胎分割移植最常见的是同卵双胎,而同卵多胎的成功率很小,故D对。
答案 D2.(2019·盐城一模)下列有关哺乳动物卵细胞在生物技术中的应用正确的是A.提取出来的卵细胞与精子相遇即可结合形成受精卵B.直接进行细胞培养可形成试管动物C.可直接作为核移植的受体细胞D.作为目的基因的受体细胞,但不能直接培育成转基因动物解析获取哺乳动物卵细胞时,提取出来的是初级卵母细胞或次级卵母细胞,其要发育到减数第二次分裂中期才能与获能的精子结合形成受精卵,A项错误。
哺乳动物的卵细胞单独培养不能形成试管动物,需进行受精后才可形成试管动物,B项错误。
卵细胞去核后可以作为核移植的受体,C项错误。
卵细胞不能直接培育成转基因动物,D项正确。
答案 D3.(2019·嘉兴二检)下图表示改造哺乳动物遗传特性的三种途径。
相关叙述错误的是()。
A.获得动物1的受体细胞通常是受精卵B.动物2体内各体细胞的基因种类相同C.获得动物3的重组细胞具有全能性D.上述动物的获得均需运用胚胎移植解析动物1为转基因动物,需要将外源基因导入受精卵中,才能经过早期胚胎培养和胚胎移植而发育成动物个体,A项正确;动物2个体中只有由转基因细胞发育成的组织或器官才具有外源基因,B项错误;动物3是由重组细胞发育而成的,故该重组细胞具有全能性,C项正确;题述三个动物的获得过程中都需要将胚胎培养到一定阶段后移植到受体中,D项正确。
第七单元活页综合练习(时间:60分钟满分:100分)可能用到的相对原子质量:H-1O-16S-32Ca-40一、选择题(每小题3分,共36分)1.(铜仁中考)为了安全,在加油站、纺织厂和矿井内等场地,都标有“严禁烟火”字样或图标。
下列图标与燃烧和爆炸无关的是(C)A B C D2.在进行铁在氧气中燃烧的实验时,往往在铁丝上系一根火柴,火柴在燃烧中所起的作用是(D)A.提供可燃物B.提供氧气C.降低可燃物的着火点D.使可燃物的温度达到着火点3.现代社会的生产和生活要消耗大量能量,下列能量的获得是通过化学反应提供的是(C)A.灯泡发光B.摩擦生热C.燃煤取暖D.风力发电4.下列做法错误的是(B)A.加油站内严禁烟火B.电器起火应立即用水浇灭C.炒菜时油锅起火可盖上锅盖灭火D.发现火情应及时拨打1195.下列对环境友好的是(B)A.提倡使用一次性木筷B.大力增加绿地面积C.生活垃圾随意丢弃D.大量使用燃油车代步6.下列有关易燃物和易爆物的生产、运输、使用和贮存的说法正确的是(A)A.生产:面粉加工厂应标有“严禁烟火”字样或图标B.运输:为方便运输,将烟花厂建在市中心C.使用:家用天然气泄漏时,用打火机检测泄露位置D.贮存:为节约空间,应将易燃物和易爆物紧密堆积7.下列做法与吹灭蜡烛的灭火原理相同的是(A)A.用水浇灭炭火B.砍隔离带灭火C.灯帽盖灭酒精灯D.关闭气阀熄灭燃气灶8.烧柴禾时,通常把柴禾架空一些才能燃烧更旺,这是因为(C)A.柴禾是可燃物B.散热的速度快C.柴禾和空气能充分接触D.可以降低可燃物的着火点9.在下列五种物质中,可能造成雾霾的是(B)①汽车排出尾气形成的烟雾②石油化工厂排出的废气③天然水蒸发成水蒸气④植物光合作用放出的气体⑤煤燃烧产生的烟尘A .②④B .①②⑤C .③⑤D .①③④10.能源是社会发展的基础。
下列说法错误的是(D)A .燃料充分燃烧可以节约能源B .煤、石油和天然气都是不可再生能源C .使用乙醇汽油能减少污染,节约石油资源D .人类需要的能量都是通过燃料燃烧获得的11.页岩气与天然气的主要成分相同。
组合练(十二)说明文阅读纳木错湖为什么越变越大王元红①自本世纪以来,居住在纳木错湖畔的牧民们发现,纳木错的湖水在一点一点向他们的居住地靠近,甚至有的牧民一觉醒来,发现自己的家已经和湖水挨在了一起。
对此,各种说法在牧民中流传,有人说,这是“天湖”之神被惹怒了。
因为牧民不注意卫生,使得一直都爱干净的纳木错仙女发怒,才将湖水涨起来,把湖边的人家给淹没。
还有人说,天上的神仙发怒了,下了大雨,下得太多,湖水自然就上涨了。
②纳木错的湖水上涨这一现象不仅引起当地政府和牧民的关注,也吸引了科学家的目光。
中国科学院青藏高原研究所纳木错综合观测站的工作人员观测后发现,在1970~2009年的近40年时间里,纳木错的水位上涨了7米,湖面海拔从4 718米变成现在的4 725米,整个湖水增加近140亿立方米容量。
③纳木错湖水为何会突然上涨?那些增加的水是从哪里来的?带着这些疑问,让我们一起查找资料,走访村民,拜访专家,揭开问题背后的真相。
④在西藏地区,全球变暖导致的最为显著的变化就是冰川融化。
我们知道,冰川是雪域高原的固体水库,在高原的水循环中发挥着极其重要的作用。
在纳木错周围,有很多白皑皑的雪山,这些雪山实际上就是冰川。
这些冰川每年都在融化,向下游补给水源,又在每年冬天的时候通过降雪补充冰川的消融量,最终形成一种动态平衡。
然而,随着全球气候变暖的加剧,这种动态平衡被打破,冰川融化速度加快,而冰川通过降雪所获得的补给量远远少于融化量。
这样一来,冰川不断退缩,冰川融化的水大部分注入纳木错湖中,最终造成湖水水位上涨。
⑤除此之外,纳木错湖水水位上涨还受其他一些因素的影响。
⑥纳木错周边地区的海拔高度基本..都在4 000米以上,属于高寒地区,地表在常年低温的作用下形成一层厚厚的冻土。
中国科学院的研究人员挖掘后发现,这些冻土层中甚至有一层很厚的冰层,这也在一定程度上成为高原水循环的一部分。
⑦这些冻土在低温状态下,长期以冰的形态存在。
活页综合提升练(四)完形填空+阅读理解(限时35分钟)Ⅰ.完形填空(2015石嘴山高三联考)When I was in my teens,I knew my mother had problems seeing.Although she had a white cane (拐杖),she 1 to use my sister and me as sighted guides.We were often 2 by other kids and often I found myself 3 why me.When I reached my sixteenth year,I started having sight problems 4 my own.As I struggled with my impending (即将发生的) sight loss,I gained a new and better 5 of my mother.As a single parent she did things I used to consider 6 ,but now I understand.For example, 7 my sister went out,I had to stay home to help my mom.She 8 to be alone.As the years passed and I became a parent,my sight 9 ,but I refused to believe that I would go 10 .It wasn’t until my oldest son 11 the same illness and needed my support that I accepted my 12 .Since then I have been actively using the 13 of the CNIB (Canadian National Institute of the Blind).I now use a white cane and I carry a card showing I am a registered 14 blind person.Without the services of the CNIB,I feel I wouldn’t have had the 15 to do the things for myself that keep me independent.Having the love and support from my husband and children has 16 my determination and independence.It has allowed me to pursue my love of writing and to make a 17 for myself.I am very 18 for it.Going blind is an awful affair, 19 with love and support you can find your inner 20 and overcome it.1.A.hated B.preferred C.stopped D.began2.A.made fun of B.looked up to C.knocked down D.cheered up3.A.wandering B.wondering C.discussing D.telling4.A.in B.for C.on D.of5.A.understanding B.view C.look D.point6.A.unimportant B.necessary C.unfair D.favorable7.A.while B.if C.although D.for8.A.hated B.liked C.appreciated D.hesitated9.A.improved B.lessened C.deepened D.worsened10.A.deaf B.dumb C.blind me11.A.developed B.infected C.became D.formed12.A.situation B.difficulty C.condition D.decision13.A.help B.services C.support D.suggestion14.A.carefully B.rudely C.frankly D.legally15.A.opportunities B.luck C.ability D.ambition16.A.won B.achieved C.strengthened D.solved17.A.plan B.career C.promise D.mistake18.A.sorry B.helpful C.grateful eful19.A.and B.so C.thus D.but20.A.strength B.energy C.force D.weaknessⅡ.阅读理解( A )(2015黑龙江高三模拟试题二)【社会文化类】The Beijing International Marathon has acquired a new name among some disappointed participants:Smogathon.About 30,000 runners,many from other parts of China or abroad,awoke in the Chinese capital on Sunday to an orange sun glowing weakly through a dirty haze(雾霾).Some ran anyway.Some ran away.But no one cancelled on the advice of the organizers,the Chinese Athletic Association and the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Sports,because those organizations did not call it off.That has made participants call the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF),which has approved the 26-mile,or 42-kilometer race,to set air quality standards in the future to avoid damaging the runners’ health.The association could not be reached by telephone on Sunday.“Does the IAAF have guidelines?” asked Chas Pope,a British engineer who took part in the marathon on Sunday.“If they don’t,they should consider it,” said Mr.Pope,who has lived in Beijing for 11 years and runs several long-distance races each year.“It’s meant to be fun and good for your health,” Mr.Pope said of the marathon.“But in such air,it’s just ridiculous to be running,”he said.He abandoned the course.“Most of my overseas friends pulled out,” he said.“And quite a few of my Chinese friends too,but a lot didn’t.I think they don’t know as much about the health impact.”Images on Twitter and Chinese social media showed Chinese runners wearing a variety of face protections,from light cloth masks to World War Ⅰ-style gas masks.Still many completed the race without masks.“Today’s race should definitely have been called off or rescheduled,” said Zhang Kai,Beijing—based campaigner with Greenpeace East Asia.“What happened today to this sports event is just another reminder to the government that much remains to be done to China’s energy and industrial structure to solve pollution,” said Mr.Zhang.“If the battle against pollution is a marathon,it is now time to catch up on speed.”In the end,the race was won by two Ethiopians: Girmay Birhanu Gebru won the men’s race in 2 hours,10 minutes and 42 seconds while Fatuma Sado Dergo won the women’s in 2 hours,30 minutes and 3 seconds,breaking Chinese women’s advantage of the race for the last 22 years.The favored Chinese woman runner,Gong Lihua,told China News Net that the smog didn’t affect her too much but it interfered with many people’s ability to sweat,affecting their performance.1.The underlined sentences “Some ran anyway.Some ran away.” mean .A.Some runners who dropped out returned to runB.Some runners gave up after running a short distanceC.Not all runners continued to runD.Most runners quit the race2.Why did participants call the IAAF?( )A.To tell it the Beijing International Marathon was also named Smogathon.B.To appeal to it to set air quality standards in the future.C.To tell it the 42-kilometer race should be cancelled.D.To appeal to it to make some laws to prevent pollution.3.Which of the following statements does Chas Pope agree to?( )A.A dirty haze is harmful to health.B.Running in any air is good.C.The marathon in China should be cancelled.D.Friends should learn from each other.4.Zhang Kai thinks the battle against pollution .A.will be the most urgent thing in ChinaB.should be got rid of immediatelyC.is connected with China’s unreasonable energy and industrial structureD.will remind all the Chinese to reduce pollution( B )【社会文化类】“Clean your plate! ” and “Be a member of the clean-plate club!” Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent.Often,it’s accompanied by an appeal: “Just think about those starving orphans in Africa!”Sure,we should be grateful for every bite of food.Unfortunately,many people in the US take a few too many bites.Instead of saying “clean the plate”,perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow.According to news reports,US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing stomachs.A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer,with two to four times the amount recommended by the government,according to a USA Today story.Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that.They serve large portions to stand apart from competitors and to give the customers value.They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little.Barbara Rolls,a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University,told USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s,the same time that the American waistline began to expand.It’s not that working-class Americans don’t want to eat healthily.It’s just that after long hours at low-paying jobs,getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal.They live from paycheck to paycheck,happy to save a little money for next year’s Christmas presents.5.What does the underlined sentence really mean?A.Wash dishes after meals.B.Don’t save food for the future.C.Don’t eat too much food.D.Eat all the food on the plate.6.Why do American restaurants serve large portions?A.Because Americans have big stomachs.B.Because Americans associate quantity with value.C.Because Americans are greedy.D.Because Americans are good eaters.7.What can we infer happened in the US in the 1970s?A.Health experts persuaded restaurants to serve smaller portions.B.The United States produced more grain than needed.C.Many of the Americans started to become fat.D.The restaurant portion sizes became larger and larger.8.Which of the following is NOT true about working-class Americans?A.They don’t want to be healthy eaters.B.They want to save money for their children.C.They live from paycheck to paycheck.D.They work long hours but get low pay.。
活页综合提升练(九)语法填空+阅读理解+完形填空(限时35分钟)Ⅰ.语法填空(2015贵阳高三适应性监测考试二)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
It was a bad night for Louis.His research in the neighboring town took 1 (long) than he had expected.It was late and he was very tired when he 2 (drive) home.He turned into his building’s parking lot, 3 all the spaces were full.He drove back out onto the street, 4 (look) for a parking space.The first block was full.The next block was almost empty.Louis didn’t see a no-parking sign,but he suspected that if parking were allowed there,most of the spaces would be filled.Then he saw a small parking lot with two free 5 (space).He was so glad to see them 6 he didn’t even think to read the sign by the entrance.He drove in,parked,and 7 (hurry) home to go to bed.The next morning he went back to the lot 8 (get) his car.It was gone.He ran home and telephoned the city police to say that his car had been stolen.It took the police only a minute to tell 9 (he) what had happened.His car had been on a private lot.It had been taken 10 by the police.Ⅱ.阅读理解【科普知识类】Baby girls make their way to dolls as soon as they can crawl and boys will head for the toy cars,a study has shown. The findings,the first to show consistent differences in very young babies,suggest there is a biological basis to their preferences.Dr. Brenda Todd carried out an experiment involving 90 babies aged between nine months and 36 months. They were allowed to choose from seven toys. Some were boys’ toys:a car,a digger,a ball and a blue teddy (泰迪熊). The rest were girls’ toys:a pink teddy,a doll and a cooking set. They were placed a metre away from the toys,and could pick whichever they pleased. Their choices,and the amount of time they spent playing with each toy were recorded.Of the youngest children (between nine months and 14 months),girls spent much longer playing with the doll than boys,and boys spent much more time with the car and ball than girls did. Among the two-and-three-year-olds,girls spent 50 percent of the time playing with the doll while only two boys briefly touched it. The boys spent almost 90 percent of their time playing with the car,which the girls barely touched. There was no link between the parents’ views on which toys were more appropriate for boys or girls,and the children’s choices.Dr. Brenda Todd said,“Children of this age are already exposed to much socialization. Boys may be given toys that move while girls get toys which may help shape their preferences. But these findings are consistent with the former idea that children show interest in particular kinds of toys. There could be a biological basis for their choices. Males through evolution have been well adapted to prefer moving objects,probably through hunting instincts (本能),while girls prefer warmer colors such as pink,the color of a newborn baby.”1.Baby girls and boys have different preferences perhaps because .A.baby boys are much more activeB.baby girls like bright colors betterC.parents have an effect on their viewsD.there may be a biological difference2.Which of the following is the only toy that boys and girls both like to play with?( )A.A ball.B.A teddy.C.A car.D.A doll.3.From Paragraph 3,it can be inferred that .A.nine-month-old baby boys play with no dollsB.two-year-old baby girls play with the car and ball sometimesC.the older the babies are,the more obvious their preference isD.parents should teach baby boys and girls to play with each other’s toys4.From the results of the study,Dr. Brenda Todd drew a conclusion that .A.adults bring about babies’ preference by chanceB.babies’ preference isn’t affected by social surroundingsC.baby boys preferring moving toys will be good at huntingD.baby girls preferring warmer colors will be warm-heartedⅢ.完形填空The young seal couldn’t have been more than two days old,and yet he was all alone.Sometimes he would swim 1 ,but he always came back.At first we thought it was 2 that he kept swimming back to us,until we noticed that he obviously had been 3 ,and had nowhere else to go.We called him “Curious George”.Without his mother’s milk,George appeared very 4 with his eyes closed.I jumped into the water and swam up to him, 5 we were less than two feet away.My heart went out to George,and I just hoped that he had the 6 to interact(互动) with me.Suddenly he 7 his eyes and immediately he jumped up between my arms,putting his head against my chest.It was a(n) 8 moment.But I knew that George wouldn’t 9 without some help.We 10 the local conservation volunteers.They were 11 that in the absence of his mother,he had developed a 12 relationship with us.They promised they would bring him to an area with 13 people living there and keep an eye on him.Even though it hurt to see him 14 ,we knew that he was in better hands.The next day we 15 the conservation volunteers and asked how George was doing. 16 the volunteers informed us that he was too close to humans,we realized that was probably our 17 ! They decided to bring him to a small island wildlife preserve with a lot of seals in the area,where they could better 18 him.A week later,we called again,and were informed that George was 19 in the water swimming with other seals.George was 20 .And he will always swim in my heart.1.A.away B.around C.ahead D.aside2.A.annoying B.amazing C.satisfying D.embarrassing3.A.abandoned B.hurt C.ignored D.avoided4.A.nervous B.sad C.weak D.slow5.A.now that B.so that C.as if D.even if6.A.energy B.ability C.time D.chance7.A.turned B.opened C.narrowed D.raised8.A.anxious B.quiet C.magical D.important9.A.go B.grow C.survive D.swim10.A.cared about B.worried about C.got along well with D.got in touch with11.A.confused B.concerned C.surprised D.amused12.A.close B.healthy C.serious sting13.A.nice B.few C.enough D.young14.A.fight B.cry C.leave D.suffer15.A.called B.visited C.found D.invited16.A.Before B.When C.Unless D.Until17.A.choice B.duty C.excuse D.fault18.A.examine B.observe C.instruct D.control19.A.followed B.treated C.protected D.spotted20.A.free B.different C.quick D.alive。