2020届上海市各区高三英语二模试卷题型分类专题汇编--阅读理解A篇--老师版(带答案已校对终结版)

04-2020年上海市高三英语二模专项训练之阅读理解A篇金山区(A)EU members’states have agreed to ban a toxic substance widely found in clothing because it poses an“acceptable risk”to the environment.Countries voted in favor of extending existing restrictions on nonylphenol ethoxylates(NPE)to imports to clothing and other textile products.The measure is intended to protect species in e of NPE in textile manufature in Europe was banned over10years ago but the substance is still released into the water environment through imported textiles being washed.NPE degrades in the environment into substances including nonylphenol(NP),which accumulates in the bodies of fish and disturbs their hormones,harming fertility,growth and sexual development.NPE is used in textile manufacture as a cleaning and dyeing agent.The EU decision notes that several studies have found NPE to be present in textile items.A2011study by Greenpeace found NPE in two-thirds of clothes tested,including items sold by big-name brads such as Adidas,H&M,Lacoste,and Ralph Lauren.The NGO (Non-Governmental Organizations)argued that although concentrations of NPE found in the clothes were low,the chemical’s existence in the environment posed a risk.The new ban on textiles containing NPE in concentrations equal to or greater than0.01% will enter into force five years after it is adopted by the European Commission,which is likely to happen in September.In comments submitted to ECHA(European Chemicals Agency),clothing and textile firms have warned that obeying the restriction will be difficult because NPE ubiquitous in the supply chain and has numerous uses.The new restriction will not apply to second-hand goods or recycled textiles because it is assumed that these will already have been washed several times so they contain negligible（微不足道的）amounts of NPE.EU countries must eliminate pollution of water bodies by NP as it is a priority substance under the Water Framework Directive.A2013study by the UK environment agency warnedthat emissions from textiles could prevent progress towards this objective.It found29%of imported cotton underwear contained NPE,which was released during the first two washes by the consumer.56.The2011study by Greenpeace found_________.A.29%of imported cotton underwear contained NPEB.NPE had limited effects on aquatic speciesC.NPE was widely present in textile productsD.clothes of good quality had no concentrations of NPE57.What’s the possible meaning of the underlined part“is ubiquitous”is Paragraph7?A.is legally protectedB.is not easy to be foundC.seems to be every whereD.is uncommon58.What can we learn from the text?A.The original ban on use of NPE was very effective.B.Recycled textile contain less NPE.C.The new ban on imports of textile has come into force.D.The UK environment agency is optimistic about the new ban.59.Which section of the website does the text come from?A.lifestyleB.technology.C.Business.D.Environment.56-59CCBD闵行区(A)Brooke Martin’s golden retriever(金毛猎犬)Kayla hated being left alone or separated. She would howl,pace,and chew on things.Brooke learned that other people had the same problem with their pets.She wondered:“What if you could talk to your dog if you were gone?”Working with her father in their garage,the16-year-old came up with several ideas. Finally,she invented a device that allowed pet owners to video chat with their pets!She calls the device iCPooch.“The dog doesn’t have to answer the call,”explains Brooke.“It comes upimmediately on the screen on their end.It’s a two-way audio and video—you can see and hear each other.”With a click of a button you can even send the dog a treat!Her invention has earned her a spot competing against nine other finalists in a young scientist competition for middle-school students.These finalists,selected based on their short video presentations,are working with mentors over the summer before heading to the final competition in St.Paul,Minn.After Martin’s video put her among the10finalists in the Discovery Education3M Young Scientist Challenge,she was paired with Delony Langer-Anderson,a product development scientist in3M’s consumer health care division.―I just lead her down the product development path,Langer-Anderson told Live Science.This path includes guidance on how to test the potential product,which combines a video chat device that answers immediately on the dog’s end with a dog treat device the owner can remotely activate.‘One thing I have thought about a lot is,what happens if while the device is on the floor, what if your dog knocks it over,or scratches the screen?’Martin said.She and Langer-Anderson discussed this,and Martin is now testing materials at a local dog shelter by taping them to the dog house floors to see how well they withstand sharp teeth and claws.The finalists create models they can test,with the guidance from a mentor.Their projects include a fuel cell that transforms cut grass into electricity and an app that rewards drivers for not texting or nger-Anderson tries to help the students work through the scientific method,testing their hypothesis,in a determined way,―so the kids don’t get buried in data. she said.56.Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?A.“iCPooch”wins in a young scientist competition.B.A16-year-old girl invents a device for dog hunger.C.A man-made device lets people chat with their pets.D.A kid-invented device calm dogs’separation anxiety.57.“iCPooch”calms pet dogs by________.A.allowing video chatB.making dogs sleepC.answering the callD.giving them food58.What is the probable meaning of the underlined word“mentor”?petitorsB.assistantsC.instructorspanions59.What do the inventions of the finalists have in common?A.They are all new inventions dealing with pets.B.They are possible solutions to everyday problems.C.They cope with the problems related to computers.D.They are all accomplished through individual work.56.D57.A58.C59.B长宁区(A)When an editor called to ask if I could photograph a story about fireflies in Mexico,I didn’t check my schedule before I said yes.I’d seen these insects light up the forests in Tlaxcala once before,and I jumped at the chance to go back.I had three nights to capture the magical scene in the forest.Camera stand in hand,I hiked with my colleagues into the foggy forest at dusk.According to our guides,visitors are usually not allowed to photograph the fireflies because the presence of artificial light from electronics can affect their habits.As I started shooting,I adjusted my exposures constantly to account for the fading light.In order to get the composition that I wanted,I placed my camera stand on a steep,rocky path and had to steady it during the long exposures.Normally this wouldn’t be a big deal,but thefireflies were very interested in the camera and,by extension, in me.I stood completely still while they crawled all over me—my arms,my hair,my face—and tickled(呵痒)my nose and cheeks.From what I observed,peakfirefly presence happens for only about20minutes each night,so I had time for just a few tries.On the last night everything came together.The weather cooperated.I had improved my method for focusing and composing in the dark with quickflashes from a powerful flashlight—and I’d grown accustomed to insects on my face.I was rewarded with the image you see here.Each spot of light is one of several bursts that afirefly makes as it travels in a 30-second exposure.You can trace the insects’paths:Some make small circles,like those inthe bottom center of the frame,while others move steadily in one direction or another.Thefirst time I visited thefireflies,I didn’t have the pressure of trying to capture and convey this astonishing scene.That will always be my favorite experience with these shining creatures.56.According to the passage,the author most probably is a(n)______.A.field biologistB.insect observerC.expert photographerD.mountain hiker57.The author placed the camera stand on a steep and rocky path to______.A.make up for the dying lightB.keep away from the annoying firefliesC.obtain an ideal imageD.catch peak firefly presence58.We can learn from the passage that the author______.A.was accused of capturing wild firefliesB.endured physically to get first-hand firefly shotsC.was tired of the exposure to dark forestsD.got his most satisfying image on the second night59.What does the author think of his experience in the forest?A.Fascinating.B.Passionate.C.Surprising.D.Miserable.56-59CCBA宝山区(A)In2008,someone,or perhaps a group of people,using the name Satoshi Nakamoto published a paper to an online group that discussed cryptography(密码使用法).That paper described a process that would use cryptography to create a secure electronic cash system, now known as a cryptocurrency(加密货币).Person to person payments could be made online using a shared network of computers instead of a bank or other financial institution.Each deal could happen very quickly.The shared network of computers would also serve as the meansto prove those deals safely.Getting rid of the need for a centralized banking system would open up the possibility for anyone to become part of the digital economy.Today,there are well over a thousand different cryptocurrencies.Most are still trying to be feasible global payment systems like Bitcoin.They are held back by problems affecting the entire cryptocurrency industry.One issue is weak security on cryptocurrency websites where users either store their electronic cash in virtual"wallets"or exchange one kind of electronic cash for another.In recent years,clever thieves have broken into many of these websites and stolen electronic cash.The websites are struggling to protect their users from such thefts.Another problem is the large number of fake cryptocurrencies that are advertised on the internet.The advertisements invite internet users to visit websites offering new cryptocurrencies.Many visitors are persuaded by the websites to buy their cryptocurrencies using actual ter,the websites disappear along with the victims'money.In response to this problem,companies like Facebook and Google are limiting cryptocurrency advertising on their websites.56.What does the article explain about Satoshi Nakamoto?A.Satoshi's background in international banking and investmentB.Satoshi's grave doubts about the true value of cryptocurrenclesC.Satoshi's close partnership with suspicious financial institutionsD.Satoshi's contribution to the development of the digital economy57.According to this article,what is true about numerous cryptocurrency websites?A.They and their users have been robbed.B.They've revealed the identities of their users.C.They reward their users with cool prizes.D.They arrange recreational events for users.58.What does the article indicate about the cryptocurrency industry?A.It's had to lay off lots of workers.B.It's celebrating a profitable year.C.It's facing some serious challenges.D.It's set a very high moral standard.59.According to this article,why are Facebook and Google limiting cryptocurrency advertising?A.Few cryptocurrencies need to be marketed.B.They've created their own cryptocurrency.C.They don't listen to cryptocurrency fans.D.Too many cryptocurrencies aren't real.56－59DACD崇明区(A)A growing number of American states are requiring schools to teach students“media literacy”skills.California is the latest state to pass such a requirement.Media literacy,also known as news literacy,is the ability to use critical thinking skills to recognize differences between real and“fake”news.The new law requires California’s Department of Education to provide materials related to media literacy on its website.Its goal is to give students a set of effective tools to“enable them to make informed decisions”.The media literacy efforts were based on a Stanford University study from2016.It found that80percent of U.S.middle school students failed to recognize an advertisement that looked like a real news story.The researchers also found that high school students had trouble telling the difference between a real and a fake news website.The study called for more efforts to help students recognize false information on the internet.It said that young people also need the skills to find out where news stories come from,and to be able to judge the trustworthiness of sources and writers.Carolyn Edy is a professor of communication at Appalachian State University in North Carolina.She said she has seen a clear change in her students’abilities to judge news sources. Edy said that when students used to read printed newspapers,it was easier for them torecognize fact from opinion.Now,it’s necessary to teach students how to fully examine websites.One of Edy’s goals is to teach students how to research the news organizations responsible for the stories they are reading.One way to do this is for students to ask a series of questions.One example is,“What is the overall mission of the organization?”Edy said young people also need to judge whether news organizations identify any possible conflicts of interest.Another question to ask is,“What do they do when they get a story wrong?”Responsible and trustworthy news organizations issue corrections if something is falsely reported,she said.Edy added that one good thing to come out of the rise of misinformation and fake news is that it has made many people seek out good reporting.56.The new law passed in California mainly aims at__________.A.helping students identify fake newsB.improving students’critical thinking skillsC.offering students real informationD.enabling students to make quick decisions57.Why does the author mention the Stanford University study?A.To present the details of the law.B.To provide a set of tools for the law.C.To show the reason behind the law.D.To indicate the efforts based on the law.58.Which is a way suggested by Carolyn Edy for students to judge the trustworthiness of a news organization?A.Identifying the conflicts of interest in it.B.Correcting its falsely reported news stories.C.Learning about its background information.D.Asking a series of questions about its news.59.The passage mainly tells us that media literacy____________.A.can contribute to the rise of good news reportingB.is becoming much more important with the law passedC.can improve American students’understanding of newsD.is increasingly recognized as essential for students in the US56.A57.C58.C59.D奉贤区(A)One spring day,once the flowers have begun to open,a bee will hover(盘旋)and zip through your yard and dive-bomb your picnic table.While you're thinking about avoiding an attack,that bee is focused on something else entirely:me.A honeybee has about six weeks to live.Today,like most days,her task is to fly as many as three miles from home,stick her long,straw-like tongue into a hundred or so flowers. When the bee has had her fill,she’ll fly home.There the bee will deposit what she has got into the mouth of one of her co-workers,who will relay it to another,and so on for about20 minutes,until the mixture is ready to be placed into the comb.Then she and her50,000or so mates will hover in the dark all night every night,flapping their wings to create hot,breezy conditions to remove the water from the mixture.Several sunrises later,they will seal me off in a golden cell of beeswax.In her lifetime,our bee may visit4,000flowers,and yet will produce only one-twelfth of a tea spoon of me.The average American consumes nearly a pound and a half of me every year,in tea,on toast,and beyond.If I do say so myself,I am a timeless treasure.Literally--I never go bad.Unfortunately,my good health is not guaranteed.The problem lies in the growth of industrial agriculture and the use of pest control chemicals,as well as changes in weather patterns,all of which reduce the number of flowers bees have to visit.I'd appreciate your letting your own garden grow just a little wild.My future depends on all of us fostering spring and summers wild flowers,thus helping the bees,who give so much--to you,to me--without ever asking for anything in return.56.What does“me”refer to in the passage?A.The flower.B.The bee.C.Water.D.Honey.57.What is the2nd paragraph mainly about?A.Bees'special talent.B.Bees'hard work.C.Bees'living environment.D.Bees'social behavior.58.Which one of the following is true according to the passage?A.A bee will always prioritize attacking picnic lovers.B.Before“me”is sealed off in beeswax,the drying process can take a few nights.C.The lifework of a bee satisfies the average demand of an American consumer annually.D.Bees are more likely to visit those deliberately pest-controlled gardens.59.What is the purpose of the passage?A.To appeal for help for honeybees.B.To talk about the history of a treasure.C.To put forward techniques for gardeners.D.To argue against the control of chemicals.56-59DBBA虹口区(A)We’ve all heard the stories of an actor’s struggles before a career breakthrough:living a hard life,working part time,being a couch potato before getting that major role.Shelby,the star of“A Dog’s Way Home,”has a hard-luck tale that could top them all.Before her big break,she was living in a landfill,rooting through garbage for her next meal.Shelby’s big break came in April2017,when animal-control officer Megan Buhler was driving in Cheatham County.Tennessee.Out on an unrelated call,Buhler spotted and approached what she recalled was a noticeably scared puppy emerging from the dump.“I knelt down and just said,‘Oh,come here,baby,’”said Buhler.“She was so scared,but she came right up to me,and I was able to put her in my truck.”The pair headed to the county animal shelter,where the staff began calling the new resident Baby Girl.Buhler and others didn’t know that3,200kilometers away,Hollywood was looking for a dog to play Bella in a film written by Cathryn Michon.The find-a-Bella job went to freelance trainer Teresa Ann Miler.Her mission was to search shelters nationwide for a dog that couldplay Bella.One day,Miller spotted Baby Girl’s adoption photo.“Honestly,it was a really good picture,and she was flat-out smiling,”Miller said.Then she met Baby Girl,and assessed her on personality and the ability to respond to simple commands.After assessment, she adopted Baby Girl from the shelter,renamed her Shelby and took her to California for ler and Shelby trained for just over three months before filming began.Then they were together each day on the set.Most of the film’s reviews have praised Shelby’s performance.Variety made the comments“an amazing dog,perfect performance!”Shelby has come a long way from the dump.But Buhler said she saw Shelby recently had needed only a second to compare the movie star with the dog she found from piles of trash.“She’s exactly the same,”Buhler said.56.Why does the author mention an actor’s struggle before a career breakthrough at the very beginning?A.To make a sharp contrast between an actor’s struggle and a dog’s struggle.B.To introduce a dog’s similar but even more striking experiences.C.To attract reader’s attention by giving dramatic examples.D.To clearly point out the main idea of the passage.57.What finally helped Baby Girl get the big role in the film?A.Her adoption picture.B.Her flat-out smiling.C.her personality and ability.D.Her miserable experiences.58.By saying“She is exactly the same”in the last paragraph,Buhler probably means __________.A.the dog returned to the piles of trash where she found itB.it took quite a lot of trouble for the dog to change her own fate.C.she’s really excited to see the dog she helped live such a happy lifeD.the dramatic change of the dog’s life hasn’t changed her inner quality59.What do you think may serve as the best title of the passage?A.The Success of“A Dog’s Way Home”.B.From a Landfill Puppy to a Movie Star.C.The Trainer and Her Star Dog.D.Shelby’s Hard-luck Story.56-59BCDB黄浦区(A)Katherine Jonson,winner of the presidential medial of freedom,refused to be limited by society5expectations of her gender and race while expanding the borders of humanity’s reach--President Barack Obama,2015Using little more than a pencil,a slide rule and one of the finest mathematical minds in the country,Mrs.Johnson,who died at101,calculated the precise path that would let Apollo11 land on the moon in1969and,after Neil Armstrong's history-making moonwalk,let it return to Earth Wet throughout Mrs.Johnson's33years in NASAN&Flight Research Division and for decades afterward,almost no one knew her name.She was just one of those unheralded women who,well before the modem feminist(女权）movement,worked as NASA mathematicians.But it was not only her gender that kept her long marginalized and long unsung Katherine Johnson,a West Virginia native,was also African-American.But over time,the work of Mrs.Johnson and her colleagues--countless calculations done mainly by hand,using slide rules,chart paper and inefficient desktop calculating machines--won them a level of acceptance that for the most competitive race.“NASA was a very professional organization,"Mrs.Johnson told The Observer of Fayetteville,N.C.,in2010."They didn't have time to be concerned about what color I was."Nor,she said,did she.“I don't have a feeling of inferiority,"Mrs.Johnson said on at least one occasion.“Never had.I m as good as anybody,but no better."To the end of her life,Mrs.Johnson refused praise for her role in sending astronauts into space,keeping them on course and bringing them safely home."I was just doing my job,"Mrs.Johnson repeatedly said so.But what a job it was--done,no less,by a woman born at a time when the odds were more likely that she would die before age35than even finish high school.56.The underlined word“unheralded”most probably means______.A.not adequately paidB.not previously mentionedC.not officially rewarded.D.not fast promoted57.It was___________put together that made Mrs.Johnson a miracle.A.her skin color,her gender and the facilitiesB.her gender,her intelligence and the facilitiesC.her skin color,her gender and her intelligenceD.her intelligence,her skin color and the facilities58.From Mrs.Johnson's comments on NASA and her own job.we can conclude that ____________.A.she was confident and modestB.NASA shows no interest in staff's racesC.She was superior to most women in her ageD.NASA is professionally organized and supportive59.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.Woman Made CalculationsB.NASA Marginalized MathematiciansC.Gender Divided OrganizationsD.Mathematician Broke Barriers56-59:BCAD浦东新区(A)To Be a Deaf DJI was born in England with perfect hearing.In1990,when I was five,my family moved to the United States.I started getting ear infections every three months or so.We didn’t havehealth insurance at the time,and when I got a third infection,my parents couldn’t afford the treatment.I went deaf in my right ear and was left with50percent hearing in my left.Over time,my remaining hearing dropped to20percent,where it is today.My doctors predicted that I would be thoroughly deaf by now,so I think I’m doing pretty well.There was always music on in my house in my childhood.I loved listening to Metallica, Led Zeppelin,Michael Jackson.My dad was a DJ,so he played disco,folk,rock,and music from other countries.For my18th birthday,my dad asked me to deejay at the restaurant be owned.After doing that for a few weeks,I was hooded.I desired to learn more.I e-mailed DJ Shiftee,a distinguished New York City DJ,when I was25:“I know you like a challenge.How about teaching a deaf person to deejay?”He wrote back the next day;“Challenge accepted.”He tutored me twice a week for two years,helping me develop correct technique.I practiced four hours a day.Now when I’m performing,muscle memory takes over.When I started,I wouldn’t tell the club managers that I was deaf.I would just show up,introduce myself,and start playing music.At the end of the night,someone would say,“Oh,here’s the check.”And I’d say,“What?Oh,I can’t hear.”They were always so astonished.Sometimes I would bring doctor’s notes because they wouldn’t believe me.It was reassurance that they were giving me opportunities to perform because I was brilliant,no out of sympathy.Eventually people started calling me“that deaf DJ,”and the name stuck.What fascinates me about deejaying is the creativity.I use software that turns the music into lines of color on a computer screen.I’m visually hearing the music.The next time you go dancing,cover your ears,and you’ll start seeing that you’re able to hear the music in a different way.Music is not all about hearing.I pay all sorts of get-togethers now,from college parties to corporate events.I also go to elementary schools for the deaf and talk to the students about motivation and believing in themselves.I’m big on talking to the parents.I tell them,“My advice to you is let your kids chase their dreams.I’m a deaf DJ,so why not?”56.Which of the following might result in the author’s hearing loss?A.Monthly ear infection.B.Moving to the U.S.C.Family financial hardshipD.The doctors’prediction.57.How did DJ Shiftee help the author during his youth?A.He taught him correct skills.B.He discovered his talent for DJ.C.He played at the restaurant for him.D.He cultivated his taste for foreign music.58.The underlined expression in Paragraph3“the name stuck”probably means that _________.A.the author was in low spiritsB.the author impressed people deeplyC.the audience felt disappointed by the playerD.the audience looked down upon the player59.We can conclude from the passage that the author loves deejaying because_________.A.working as a DJ involves innovationB.music helps him to see the world virtuallyC.he motivates the kids to realize their dreamD.he desires to challenge something impossible56-59CABA松江区(A)Have you ever heard of Nollywood?Nollywood is the name of the Nigerian(尼日利亚的) film industry:Nigeria is one of the largest film industries in the world based on the quantity of films produced.placing them right below India's Bollywood and above USA's Hollwood!Born in around1992.Nollywood is the youngest compared with the other two“woods”, and uses new forms of financing and production,Now it's in adulthood.and bigger productions have become more regular.However.this was not always the case.Although movie theaters were rare in Nigeria during earlier period.original stories were not.Despite lack of funds and experience.self-made directors began to use commercial video cameras toshoot their movies and sold them for home viewing.Even though this resulted in movies with low production value,the original stories instantly made them a hit.Today,the film industry is the largest employer after agriculture and makes up5%of Nigeria's GDP.Nigeria is a big player in the industry and it is constantly improving its craft,taking on new challenges.Nollywood is known mainly for its comedies and dramas.but we are increasingly seeing horror movies and musicals.Although sometimes heavily criticized for low production values.Nollywood continues to grow fans worldwide.Nigerian movies now make up11%of Nigeria's non-oil exports!The average movie is produced in7-10days on a budget between￡7,000-12,000(Hollywood's average is around￡60million per movie with one year production time).This is changing. however,as more filmmakers are receiving proper training and are aiming to make films up to the international standard.56.What is the advantage of Nollywood?mercial support.B.Original stories.C.Dominant comedies.D.Fast production.57.Which of the following statements about“woods”is NOT true according to the passage?A.Bollywood produces more films than the other two“woods”.B.Nollywood is known as the youngest among the three“woods”.C.Hollywood's budget for an average movie is much less than Nollywood's.D.It takes much less time to produce a Nollywood film than a Hollywood one.58.We can infer from the passage that_________.A.Nollywood's contribution to Nigera's GDP is second only to agriculture。

2020年上海市实验学校高三英语二模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AGetting your kid to bed at night is seriously one of the most challenging things you'll ever have to do. Most kids are just so full of energy that they'll tire you out before they're halfway through their store of energy. An easy thing to calm down your child to get into bed is giving in and allowing some iPad screen time. However, it's really not a great idea, just like you thought.Researchers at theArizonaStateUniversityconducted a study with 547 kids between the ages of 7 to 9. Their parents tracked how much screen time the kids were allowed along with their sleep patterns. The study found that kids who did not engage in screen time before bed slept for 23 more minutes every week and also went to sleep about 34 minutes earlier than those playing with iPad. Although that might not seem like so much more time, quality of sleep is vastly important in Children's development.The CDC's (美国疾病控制中心)2018 National Youth Risk Survey outlines that good quality sleep can impact a child's life in many ways, including affecting grades and also weight gain. Students with an "A" average slept for 30 or more minutes per night than those with a "D" or"F" average.A 2018PennsylvaniaStateUniversitystudy showed that children with irregular bedtimes had a higher risk of having increased body weight. Those with consistent and age-appropriate bedtimes when they were 9 years old had a healthier BMI (体质指数)at age 15 than those with irregular bedtimes.Hard as it is, it's really important not to give in and hand over an iPad to your child who is about to go to bed. Just like it's important for adults to go to sleep without any distractions, it's even more important for kids.1. What do the findings of the researchers at theArizonaStateUniversitysuggest?A. More sleep is necessary for children's development.B. Enough sleep helps improve academic performances.C. Screen time before bed leads to later and less sleep.D. Children sleeping irregularly are easy to gain weight.2. What is the text mainly about?A. How is screen time affecting teenagers?B. What are negative effects of irregular bedtimes?C. When should you get your kid to bed at night?D. Why is screen time before bed a bad idea for kids?3. Who is the text intended for?A. Parents.B. Children.C. Teachers.D. Researchers.BWhen a United Kingdomsupermarket chain promised to move its farms to Net Zero by 2030, it made it clear that the effort would require working on many different fronts. From energy consumption and land - use change to methane emissions (甲烷排放), cattle farming comes with environmental challenges. So even if recent studies suggesting it's possible to cut methane emissions 80% do turn out to be accurate, there's still a very long way to go for most cattle farming to get anywhere close to truly net zero.Organic Valley, when producing milk, might be closer to that goal. It made headlines in 2019 by going 100% renewable (可再生的). Now the company is expanding on that tradition by starting a major loan initiative (贷款计划) to help its farm suppliers adopt renewable energy too.Created with Clean Energy Credit Union, the $ 1 million loan fund will deliver loans at below - marketrates. Specifically, the money will be made available to Organic Valley's 1, 700 farmer members, and can be used for a variety of projects.“We are focused on a whole systems approach to renewable energy, and I'm excited to launch this energy loan fund. From the farm to the shelf, I see renewable energy playing a bigger role in organic food,” said Bob Kirchoff, Organic Valley CEO.“Organic Valley is already helping to protect the environment through organic farming practices, and now they re going one step further by supporting the introduction of renewable energy projects for their farmer members,” said Blake Jones, volunteer board chair of Clean Energy Credit Union. “In addition to the environmental benefits, we re eager to help family farmers throughout the world to lower their energy costs.”The world is not short of examples of farmers innovating in the field of renewable energy. What's encouraging about Organic Valley's announcement is the idea of a national brand putting its marketing and financing weight behind such efforts and, hopefully, creating consumer demand that pushes the rest of the industry in this direction too.4. What does paragraph 1 indicate about going net zero for cattle farming?A It is not easy to achieve B. It is common in the UKC. It is an impractical goalD. It meets no challenges5. What is Organic Valley's tradition according to the text?A. Helping farm suppliersB. Using renewable energyC. Having a loan initiativeD. Making headlines annually6. What is Organic Valley's initiative mainly intended to do?A. Reform organic farming practicesB. Make use of environmental benefitsC. Help farmers decrease energy costsD. Shrink the group of farmer members7. What is the author's attitude towards Organic Valley's initiative?A. WorriedB. DoubtfulC. AmbiguousD. PositiveCIf you think you’d like to live on Mars, you may have that possibility by 2023. A Dutch company called Mars One will soon advertise for people interested in colonizing (开拓) Mars. Ifyou have all the necessary skills, you could be one of the first colonists. Are you ready for the challenge?You won’t have to pay for the mission to Mars. Mars One has already received money from some donors and is hoping to get more from TV viewers who will become interested in the show where all applicants have a debate for the rare chances.The main responsibility of the first colonists is to create an artificial environment on Mars where there is no air to breathe and no land to farm. Scientists know it’s quite possible because something similar has already been done inAntarctica.Another problem is that space travel to Mars takes nearly a year to get to Mars and the colonists will live the rest of their lives there. When a human lives in an environment without gravity or with low gravity for a long time, the systems in the body weaken. Luckily, spinning (旋转) the spaceship can create artificial gravity, and artificial gravity can ease these problems. It will also be difficult for Mars colonists to be far from home, living in small spaces, and seeing the same people over and over. Colonists with depression could put the mission in danger. Fortunately, a few years ago, a joint Russian and European project called the Mars500 Mission studied people’s reactions in a Mars-like environment. It is viewed as a great success because scientists were able to see how people handle emotional and physical stresses.Recent studies show that seven percent of people would want to go on such an adventure.Mars One will soon start accepting its first colonists. Are you interested?8. What do we know about the applicants to Mars from the first two paragraphs?A. They will land on Mars in 2023.B. They can get money from donors.C. They will compete in a TV show.D. They do not need special skills.9. What will the first colonists do to solve the basic living problems on Mars?A. Create earth-like conditions.B. Build labs inAntarctica.C. Spin the spaceship.D. Start the Mars500Mission.10. What can the life of the first colonists be like according to the passage?A. Difficult and dangerous.B. Different but adaptable.C. Challenging and unbearable .D. Acceptable but depressing.11. What’s the best title for the text?A. Mars: our final destination?B. Ready to be Mars’ colonists?C. Space travel: a thrilling adventure?D. Are you a qualified Mars astronaut?DThe COVID-19 vaccination（接种疫苗）rate in the US has fallen to newlows in recent weeks, threatening President Joe Biden’s goal of having 70 percent of American adults with at least one shot by July 4.With just less than one month from July 4, the current vaccination rate will put the US at somewhere between 67 percent and 68 percent of the adult population with at least one dose（剂量）by Independence Day. To reach 70 percent by July 4, around 1.6 percent of the population needs to get their first dose per week from now until July 4.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention（CDC）reported last week that 63 percent of adults hadreceived their first dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. That was up slightly from 62 percent from the report a week before. The additional 1 percent of adults completing their first dose is the lowest since the CDC started tracking the vaccination rate in mid-February.On average, fewer than 1 million shots are given out per day, a decline of more than two-thirds from the peak of 3.4 million in April, The Washington Post reported. In South Carolina, about 71,000 residents got a shot in the week leading up to June 3, compared to a high of nearly 300,000 in one week in early April, according to data from the CDC.The slowdown is moreprominentacross the South and Midwest. Twelve states have seen vaccinations fall to 15 daily shots per 10,000 residents. Less than a quarter of black Americans had received their first COVID-19 shot as of June 7.James Hildreth, CEO of Meharry Medical College, told Politico, “We need to make a stronger effort to bring the vaccine to the communities, rather than relying on the communities to come to vaccination centers.”The sharp decline in vaccination began in mid-April when federal officials temporarily stopped the use of the Johnson＆Johnson vaccine while they investigated rare blood-clotting（凝血）reactions.The “low-hanging fruit—thosepeople who ly want to get vaccinated without you telling them anything” have already been vaccinated, which has led to the slowdown, Dr Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said on a White House-organized call with community leaders last week, according to the Post.12. What can we learn from the text?A. Dr Anthony Fauci is in charge of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.B. In South Carolina, about 300,000 residents got a shot in the week leading up to June 3C. In mid-April federal officials temporarily suspended the Johnson＆Johnson vaccine.D. Less than one fourth of Americans had received their first COVID-19 shot by June 7.13. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “prominent” in Para. 5?A. Meaningful.B. Obvious.C. Inspiring.D. Complex.14. How can America increase the COVID-19 vaccination rate according to James Hildreth?A. By giving the vaccine shot at the communities.B. By offering the vaccine to the public for free.C. By frequently informing the public of the vaccine.D. By urging the communities to come to vaccination centers.15. What can be the best title for the text?A. Biden wishes to have 70% of adults with one shot by July 4B. CDC has been trackingthe vaccination rate since mid-FebruaryC. Some Americans need to get vaccinated without telling them toD. Biden’s July 4th vaccine goal may be missed第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届上海教科实验中学高三英语二模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ADive with Big SharksOur shark dive adventures make use of hookah systems and shark cages. A hookah system is a system of providing air from the surface to divers down below. Cage divers breathe by using a regulator connected to an air hose.Is SharkDiving Dangerous?Yes. You could get sunburnt. You could hit your head on the top bunk getting out of bed. You could fall overboard. As for a shark attack, according to the International Shark Attack File, you are far more likely to be killed by a dog or a deer.Pricing & DetailsOne day Cage Diver Adventure $ 875Our expert shark diver team will accompany you to the best viewing areas within the Marine Sanctuary. There, we'll drop our cage and prepare to provide you with a view you'll never forget.No dive experience is necessary. Our cages sit just below the surface. You'll be able to breathe comfortably from your snorkel or air hose while you move about the cage, taking photos and having fun.Top Shark Adventure $ 375If you want to see great white sharks but prefer them a little further away, we offer great top-side shark viewing from our observation deck(甲板). Help scan the horizon for fins and watch for sharks attacking their prey(猎物).Important NoteThere's No Shark GuaranteeAlthough we go to the best places at the best time of year, we cannot guarantee you'll see sharks. We've been very successful in past shark seasons and expect another incredible year. However, if we see no sharks, there is no refund(退款).1.Which of the following is TRUE about the two adventures?___________.A.Top Shark Adventure makes use of hookah systems.B.Cage Diver Adventure offers you a view of the bottom of the sea.C.Cage Diver Adventure is less interesting than the other.D.Top Shark Adventure is suitable for those worried about danger.2.We can learn from the advertisement that there might be a risk that____________.A.you fail to achieve your purpose of the tripB.you are out of breath deep down in the seaC.you are hurt by a shark while diving thereD.you suffer from lack of skill in shark diving3.It can be inferred from the advertisement that shark diving is____________.A.difficult but excitingB.challenging and tiringC.amazing and enjoyableD.expensive but popularBIn 1990, Hal Donaldson was 23 years old, fresh out of college and found himself in Calcutta, India, where he was asked to interview Mother Teresa.Donaldson says about the great woman famed for feeding the hungry, “She wasn't wearing shoes and her ankles were swollen. She sat down with me and was very polite.” After the interview, Mother Teresa asked him, “What are you doing to help the poor?” Donaldson admitted that he was young and wasn't focused on helping others. With a smile on her face, Mother Teresa said, “Everyone can do something.”Those words deeply struck Donaldson and forced him to face some hard truths about himself.Hal Donaldson grew up in the San Francisco Bay area. When he was 12 years old, his parents were hit by a drunk driver; his father died, and his mother was seriously injured. To make ends meet, they went on welfare. Donaldson says, “I had holes in my shoes and clothes. When you're teased at school for that, you just want to escape.”He managed to do just that. Donaldson got into college and turned his focus to making money for himself He says, “I was just trying to find my way out of insignificance. However, it's easy to overlook others along the way. I was the guy that would see a homeless person and cross the street, so I didn'thave to confront (面对) him. My focus was on climbing to the top instead of helping those trying to climb with me.”Donaldson returned home from India with a different thought. He traveled to eight cities in America and stayed on the streets and listened tostories of the homeless. “My heart broke,” he says. “I knew I could no longer just live for myself.”Inspired by Mother Teresa's words and the stories he'd heard across America. Donaldson loaded a pick-up truck with $300 worth of groceries and handed them out to anyone who needed help. In 1994, Donaldson createdthe nonprofit organization, Convoy for Hope, which works with communities across America and around the world. Their work focuses on feeding children, women's empowerment, helping farmers and disaster services.4. What did 23-year-old Hal Donaldson do in India?A. He attended an interview for a college.B. He fed the hungry with Mother Teresa.C. He interviewed Mother Teresa.D. He did something to help the poor.5. What can we learn about Hal Donaldson from paragraph 4?A. He was born with disability.B. He led a hard life as a child.C. He was well treated at school.D. He survived as a parentless boy.6. How does Hal Donaldson describe himself in college?A. Self-centered.B. Sympathetic.C. Popular.D. Casual.7. How did Hal Donaldson change after he returned home from India?A. He preferred traveling to volunteering.B. He suddenly fell in love with journalism.C. He turned his focus to living for himself.D. He gradually devoted himself to helping others.CWe asked four people who watched an online talk on technology and communication by Sherry Turkle for their opinions.Fred:The talk certainly gave me plenty of food for thought about how technology is changing our behaviour. People are constantly multitasking, whether it be emailing during meetings or texting in the checkout queue. It’s as if we can’t bear to miss out on what our online friends are up to, so we juggle the real and online world. My greatest concern is that we don’t give our brains a chance to switch off. It’sthese precious momentswhen we actually process information that helps us make important decisions.Jeremy:It was a fascinating talk and the speaker really hit the nail on the head with a couple of things. Take parental influence, for instance. How can we expect teenagers not to text while doing their homework when they witness their parents posting on social media while cooking the evening meal or waiting at a red light?Kath:So much of what the speaker said rang true. I honestly believe there’s a danger that the more connected we are, the more isolated we feel. I don’t think this is such an issue for my generation who’ve lived without technology for so long. We know how to be alone. But the under 20s are another kettle of fish. They’re so busycommunicating that they never experience the feeling of solitude and run the risk of not learning how to enjoy their own company.Carl:I’m not sure to what extent I agree that people are more alone, but the way we communicate has certainly evolved. The speaker makes a good point about how we’re getting used to talking with machines like Siri or robots, which are totally lack of experience of human life. But despite such limitations, we seem to be expecting more from technology and less from each other.8. What does the underlined phrase “these precious moments” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. When our brains are free.B. When we emailing during meeting.C. When we texting in the checkout queue.D. When we juggle the real and online world.9. What suggestion may Jeremy give to the parents?A. Accompany their children when they are doing homework.B. Prevent their children using phone while doing homework.C. Set a good example for their children on using phone properly.D. Stop posting on social media in face of their children.10. What does Kath worry about the under 20s generation?A. They communicate more with others.B. They use more technology.C. It’s difficult for them to find companies.D. They don’t know how to be alone.11. What is Carl’s attitude towards the use of technology in communication?A. Favorable.B. Intolerant.C. Doubtful.D. Indifferent.DA Virginia teen is doing his part to make sure frontline health care workers are getting the meals they need to help them take care of themselves and others.Arul Nigam, 17, of Tyson's Corner, Va. , has had to make several adjustments since his school year ended abruptly in mid-March due to the coronavirus pandemic(新冠疫情).“We didn'thave any classes for like over a month and then after that there were a lot of technical difficulties. So I started to have a lot more free time,” he tells Yahoo Life. “It was really saddening, but it was also something that really surprised me, that our health care workers are facing something like that,” Nigam says. “So I wanted to see what I could do to help them because obviously, they're sacrificing so much and giving so much for all of us. ”In late March, the teen started fundraising efforts with the help of friends and family to help these healthcare workers receive much-needed meals. He also began doing research about what hospitals had the most amount of coronavirus cases, so he could prioritize those places first. He was also arranging for the orders to be fulfilled at local family-owned restaurants impacted by shutdown orders. So far, Nigam has delivered over 1,000 meals to 22 hospitals in 13 states, including New York, Massachusetts and Maryland.Nigam's efforts have not only helped health care workers, but restaurants as well. With quarantine restrictionstaking a toll onthe food industry, places like Best Coast Burrito in Oakland, Calif. , have lost business over the last few weeks. Best Coast's owner,Alvin Shen, tells Yahoo Life that being able to partner with Arul and others in efforts to feed those on the frontline has been a big help.12. What would Nigam probably do according to his words?A. Study at home by himself.B. Spend the more free time playing.C. Donate some money to health care workers.D. Do something helpful for health care workers.13. What is Nigam's priority when delivering food?A. The urgency of meals.B. The severity of the virus.C. The number of doctors.D. The position of hospitals.14. What does the phrase “taking a toll on” in the last paragraph mean?A. Turning a blind eye to.B. Keeping an eye on.C Causing lots of damage to.D. Answering completely for.15. Where can you probably read this text?A. Science fiction.B. Fashion magazine.C. Life magazine.D. Entertainment newspaper.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海高考模拟二模考高三英语A卷 2020年（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）第I卷(共100分)I. Listening Comprehension（25分）Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a gym. B. In a department store.C. In a shoe-repair shop.D. On the playground.2. A. She appreciates the man's help.B. She worked hard on her speech.C. Her speech was somewhat long.D. She should have made better preparation.3. A. Forty. B. Thirty. C. Fifteen. D. Twenty.4. A. Indifferent. B. Apologetic. C. Excited. D. Disappointed.5. A. A cartoon. B. A movie about a talk show.C. A comedy.D. A violent movie.6. A. A holiday plan . B. An outdoor activity.C. The weather forecast.D. The view of a lake.7. A. Fix the camera. B. Take photos.C. Set up a sign.D. Teach the woman.8. A. She seldom receives letters from her old friends.B. She keeps touch with her former classmates regularly.C. The man must reply to the e-mail immediately out of courtesy.D. The man should drop a few lines occasionally.9. A. She must have left the book in the reading room.B. She needn’t have borrowed so many books.C. She should remember to put things in good order.D. The notebook might be hidden under the pile of journals.10. A. She will not stay up late in the future.B. She couldn’t understand why the man enjoyed the lecture,C. She was too tried to focus on the lecture,D. The literature class was too boring for herSection BDirections: In Section B, you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages, and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation and the passages. The conversation and the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following dialogue.11. A. The benefit of chewing gum.B. Signs in the classroom.C. The importance of attention.D. Ways to remove the sticky substance.12. A. Do some calculations.B. Write down some numbers.C. Answer questions.D. Finish a test paper.13. A. By asking for a leave.B. By pretending to chew gum.C. By wandering in class.D. By taking in more oxygen.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. 1973. B. 36,500. C. 20. D.300,000.15. A. Workers' wages increase largely every year.B. More money is spent on citizens' welfare.C. Foreign investment is favoured.D. Business activity is regulated.16. A. lreland's traditional values. B. Ireland's future development.C. Ireland's amazing history.D. lreland's economic growth. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage.17. A. How to care for precious metals.B. A standard unit for measuring weight.C. The value of precious metals.D. The wide use of scales.18. A. To check the accuracy of scales.B. To calculate the density of other metals.C. To observe changes in the atmosphere.D. To measure amounts of rainfall.19. A. Someone lost it.B. Someone spilled water on it.C. It was made of low quality metal.D. The standard for measuring had changed.20. A. It is reasonable for an object with such an important function.B. It is a small amount to pay for so much precious metal.C. It is difficult to judge the value of such an object.D. It is too high for such a light weight. II. Grammar and Vocabulary（20分）Section A（10分）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.China's leading online English learning brand 51Talk held (21)______ annual strategic conference in Beijing on Tuesday, with a focus on wider market access, more individual learning modes and AI technology applications.The brand,(22)______(bear) the idea of allowing more children to enjoy quality education, has announced strategic cooperation with partners including family early education brand Qiaohu, Aniworld TV and US publishing house TCM.Chinese singer and actor Wang Junkai, who boasts high popularity (23)______ younger Chinese, has been invited to be the brand's latest spokesman.Huang Jiajia, founder and CEO of 51Talk, said at the press conference the brand's users cover more than 500 cities nationwide, and the total amount of courses taken by learners has exceeded 3 million in a single month.Huang also believed 51Talk(24)______(dedicate) to promoting"universal education" since its establishment in 2011."Enjoying qualified foreign teachers in language leaning (25)______ not be the exclusive privilege of children from wealthy families and of China's first-tier cities. What 51Talk has been doing is making education resources accessible to more people," the CEO added.To this end, 51Talk is ready to expand its appeal to more second- and third-tier cities, and is expected (26)______(reach) more than 1,000 cities across the nation this year. Also, the English learning brand is poised to conduct (27)______ "one plus one" strategy by arranging foreign and Chinese teachers for learners."Foreign teachers will continue to show off their professional teaching skills (28)______ Chinese teachers will act as the bridge to connect foreign teachers and students," Huang said, adding thecombination of foreign teachers and Chinese education can not only improve learning and communication efficiency, but also help students to achieve better results.(29)______ ______, 51Talk will continue to follow the Belt and Road Initiative and introduce more Philippine foreign teachers to the teaching team.Huang said Philippine foreign teachers have a high-level English teaching ability, (30)______ plays an important role in improving Chinese students' interest in learning English.Section B（10分）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.For years people have recognized the power that writing something down has been able to anchor (固定) a thought or emotion in the brain. This (31)_______ of anchoring emotions and memories with physical touch is now well supported by studies and frequently used by those who practice Neuro-linguistic Programming (NLP).Evidence that the mind and body connection exists in building and (32)_______ memories is abundant. More recently, however, researchers have been turning their attention to the (33)_________ between exercise and the brain. They are finding evidence that supports the belief that exercise can boost brain power.How can that happen? U.S. researchers have found that exercise helps that brain develop new brain cells in an area of the brain called the dentate gyrus. This area is known to be involved with age-related memory loss. The studies performed (34)_______ mice and later humans supported the evidence found in those studies: there was increased blood flow to the memory center of the brain after exercise, which may help optimize the way the brain (35)_______. Basically, anything that helps the body to decrease stress hormones, which will improve attention span as well as mood and increase the body’s metabolism, will also help the brain. It helps by making the brain cells healthier and better able to link to other cells. This action is vital for learning and (36)_________ new information.The fact that exercise makes positive changes in the nervous system and boosts cognitive abilities has not gone (37)______ by schools. Many states have now established minimum times and frequency for physical education. This type of action is supported by studies that show how much better physically fit third graders and fifth graders performed on standardized tests than students who were still in their studies all the time. The evidence that (38)________ obesity with lower levels of academic achievement in school children is starting to catch on everywhere.Walking (39)_______ at least three times a week was found to benefit your brain, for it will cease to grow for a lack of exercise. Creative writing benefits brain a lot as this type of activity is not mechanic and cause the brain to produce new (40)_______ which stimulate new dendrites and neurons to grow in the brain. Use one or more of your physical senses, involve your complete attention and break away from your routine in a significant way as dull brain is never ready for the unexpected.III. Reading Comprehension（45分）Section A（15分）Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A college degree is, in most cases, the key to more money and a more comfortable standard of living. But that pathway to higher earnings is more (41) ______ to some than others: A lot of leading colleges do not enroll a lot of low-income students, and as a result, they’re not (42) ______very many students from low-income households into the middle and upper classes. (43) ______, though strategies for enrolling and preserving low-income students are usually mentioned, they can be tough to (44) ______ at scale.Dozens of top colleges and universities have more students from the top 1 percent of the income scale than the (45) ______ 60 percent. And that’s a problem if colleges hope to escape the common (46) ______that they are little more than a finishing school for the elite (精英).But there are institutions — a lot of them — that have strong track records of (47) ______ the socioeconomic fortunes of students. If higher education is supposed to be the great equalizer (平衡器), these institutions — from community colleges to public regional four-year colleges — are the ones that are doing the most work.Colleges should be (48) ______ recruiting and enrolling low-income students — and that means more than targeting ads to (49) ______ students on social media. It means a commitment to going where they are — areas that a lot of schools do not typically recruit — and publicize the process of going to college. Then they should be supporting students with (50) ______ when the students get to campus — whether it’s writing centers, generous financial aid packages, or simply sympathetic academic advisors who perhaps came from low-income backgrounds themselves. And it is also preparing students for jobs after college and building relationships with businesses that (51) ______ the process of finding post-graduation employment for students, especially for those whose parents don’t have their own professional (52) ______.Pace ranks first among private colleges in motivating its students from the lowest levels of the income scale and into the middle and upper class. There are a lot of ways in which people of privilege (特权) (53) ______ their college years or having unpaid internships (实习) or having the social capital to get certain jobs. But colleges can fill those (54) ______, particularly for low-income students, helping students get jobs, or sustaining them with programs that help them land paid internships with top companies. We can provide strong networks through faculty and staff as well to help a new generation, a new, socioeconomically (55) ______ generation, achieve the American dream.41. A. significant B. necessary C. available D. realistic42. A. evaluating B. urging C. refusing D. promoting43. A. However B. What's more C. By contrast D. On the whole44. A. implement B. replace C. overcome D. track45. A. minimum B. bottom C. medium D. optimum46. A. criticism B. comment C. practice D. suspicion 47. A. worsening B. claiming C. improving D. denying48. A. directly B. strictly C. actively D. cautiously49. A. urban B. native C. suburban D. prospective50. A. resources B. coaches C. skills D. funds51. A. push B. ease C. slow D. affect52. A. trainings B. careers C. standards D. networks53. A. benefit from B. invest in C. fit into D. advance through54. A. vacancies B. gaps C. bottoms D. blanks55. A. competitive B. responsible C. diverse D. dynamicSection B（22分）Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)A round face, big eyes, soft fur and a quiet purr. It’s not easy to resist the company of an adorable cat. No wonder French-German philosopher Albert Schweitzer once said, “There are two means of refuge from the miseries of life: music and cats.”Indeed, it’s no secret how much people around the world love cats. From China’s Sina Weibo to US video-sharing site YouTube, bloggers across the globe love to show off their cats.In September, a charitable activity called “Cat Month” was held in Beijing. It was meant to encourage more people to care for our furry friends, especially stray cats.Cats become such a big part of pop culture in China that young people have come up with cat-relatedslang phrases, such as “cat slave” to refer to people who adore their cats, and “a daily dose ofcats” to refer to having to watch a certain number of cat videos to get through the day.People in Japan are also huge fans of cats. As the birthplace of Hello Kitty and the “beckoning cat”, Japan made a “cat train” that was ridden around the country by 30 stray cats in 2017. Passengers could sit and play with the cats on the train, offering the animals plenty of care and warmth.Istanbul, a historic city in Turkey, is also friendly to cats. In the recent documentary film Kedi, which hit Chinese cinemas in September, director Ceyda Torun showed us the daily lives of seven street cats with vivid narration. Cats there are not afraid of people. They go in and out of almost everywhere – coffee shops, markets, universities, and even government buildings. If you sit on a park bench, a cat is likely to come and snuggle with you.Seeing how cats have become a worldwide addiction, you may wonder why some people prefer cats over dogs. This may be down to how they identify with themselves – modern young people see the independent attitude of cats as something they value more.“Unlike dogs, who look at us with their loving eyes, cats appear to show off their independence. They ask for attention in a way that tells us that they desire human companionship, but they don’t need it,” author Marie-Louise von Franz wrote in her book The Cat: A Tale of Feminine Redemption.56. What’s probably the best title of this passage?A. Time to End LonelinessB. Lovely CatsC.Loving Dogs, Loving CatsD. Cat Slaves57.A.disabledB. caringC. homelessD. restless58.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A.Japanese offer their care and love to stray cats and used to have a cat train.B.Kedi, a documentary film, tells us daily lives of seven street cats with attractive narration.C.Many people want to show off their cats on websites such as Sina Weibo.D.There are many cat-related slang phrases that people come up with around the world.59.Why do many people become addicted to cats?A.Because they look at us with their loving eyes.B.Because cats are independent and sometimes will show off their characters.C.Because they ask for attention in a way that tells us that they need human companionship.D.Because people prefer cats to dogs.(B)Movies Not to MissIn 2019 there will be returns to classic movie characters and stories. FILE PHOTOS In 2018, to which we’ve just said goodbye, we’ve seen blockbusters such as Black Panther, Crazy Rich Asians and A Star Is Born. And there are more exciting movies in the works for 2019. Below TEENS has picked three for you. Let’s take a look.Spider-Man: Far From Home, July 5, USTom Holland, the lead actor of 2017’s Spider-Man: Homecoming, returns to play Peter Parker, a high school student who gains superpowers after being bitten by a spider.When we see him again in theaters, Spider-Man will have a new red-and-black suit. The movie will take the famous wall-crawler on a global adventure outside of the US. According to Marvel Studios President Kevin Feige, Spider-Man will try a return to his “normal” self; he will try to find his old powers on his new journey.Hobbs and Shaw, July 26, USTo most people the Fast and Furious series is all about crazy drivers racing in sports cars. But in its spin-off, called Hobbs and Shaw, humor is added to the action-packed thrills.The new film will hit US theaters on July 26. Famous robust English actor Jason Statham will star alongside Dwayne Johnson, “The Rock”, as Deckard Shaw and Luke Hobbs respectively, as in their previous appearances in Fast and Furious films.When the pair fought face to face in Fast and Furious 8 (2017), a confrontation was dubbed the “battle model for warriors”. The action and chemistry really stimulated their audience.But the new action scenes between an MI6 agent Hobbs and the killer Shaw will have to be good to beat their stand-off in the 2017 movie.The Lion King, July 19, USThis is a brand-new version of the classic children’s film. The story of wide-eyed young lion Simba still remains in hearts of world audiences even after 25 years. In this re-telling, Simba again begins the difficult journey to become the King of the Pride Lands, a vast African prairie.The favorite part of the story for many has always been the friendship between Simba, the meerkat called Timon and the warthog Pumbaa. The last two sacrifice all they have to help Simba to his throne. How will the new movie re-imagine their famous relationship?60.Where might this passage come from?A.An report in a newspaper.B. A notice in the window of a cinema.B.A magazine about fashion. D. A advertisement distributed by a cinema.61.Which film is filled with adventure and humor?A.Spider-Man: Far From HomeB. The Lion KingC. Hobbs and ShawD. The Fast and Furious62.Which of the following statement is true according to the article?A.In Spider-man: Far From Home, Tom Holland, the lead director will return to play Peter Parker.B.In The Lion King wide-eyed young lion Simba eventually becomes the King of the Pride Lands, avast African prairie.C.The new action scenes in Hobbs and Shaw is a confrontation which is dubbed the “battle modelfor warriors”.D.In 2019, there will be three classic movies to be released in the US in all.(C)A radio report caught my attention the other day, as it spoke straight to my heart: Cadets (学员) at the US Naval Academy are now required to revisit and potentially revive the ancient skill of steering a ship by the stars.By the stars―imagine that: looking up at the sky, not down at a screen, so many years after the heavens’ critical role in guiding mariners has fallen by the wayside, first displaced by radio waves, then by modern GPS. Much is gained―but something also lost―in such progress, I think.It reminded me of my love of 18th- and 19th-century seafaring (航海的) tales (reading them is one of my coping mechanisms for life in the landlocked Midwest), when sailors had only celestial (天空的) maps for navigation and still miraculously managed to sail the planet’s vast oceans and even circumnavigate the globe.Recent cyber security concerns have triggered renewed interest in backup navigational strategies such as stargazing, and simple hand-held technologies like the sextant, so often invoked in Richard Henry Dana’s Two Years Before the Mast, a tale that chronicles a mid-19th-century merchant ship’s endlessly harrowing voyage from Boston to California and back.I wouldn’t wish the harsh conditions of that trip on modern sailors, but I am all for anything that gets people clued in to their compass bearings (方位) and travel trajectories without high-tech and often mindless guidance.“Is that north or south of here?” I’ve asked motel clerks and gas station attendants about a particular address I’m seeking in my GPS-less travels.“Well, it’s that way,” comes the most frequent reply, accompanied by a pointed finger, and I realize that north, south, east, and west are not familiar coordinates (坐标) to many people otherwise thoroughly attuned to the local lay of their land.To be fair, I haven’t always been attuned to compass points either. In fact it was not until I was a young adult, lazing on a float in my parents’ pool on a late summer’s visit home, and watching the sun dip below the roofline, that I first realized that my childhood home faced due west. I was shocked that I’d been oblivious to this simple fact, especially since I’d begun to be schooled in geology and certainly in compass work. But like so many, I’d grown up thinking and navigating in terms of other coordinates, based on familiar streets, rights and lefts, and reference points such as my school, the homes of friends, the nearest playground, and the local shopping plaza.I’ve long since become accustomed to finding my bearings on travels in unfamiliar territory by the sun’s position. And now I’d love to sit in on a class at the academy to learn to navigate by the moon and stars. It’s a skill I’ll likely never need to draw upon. Yet just knowing how it would connect me, in a new and profound way, to the historical arc of human experience on this planet.As for modern sailors, it might just bring them safely home one day, if all else fails.63. What kind of role do 18th and 19th century seafaring tales play in the author’s life?A.Enriching his dull inland life.B.Triggering his concern for cyber security.C.Arousing his interest in modern navigational strategies.D.Strengthening his resolve to revive an ancient skill.64. The author mentions his experience of seeking an address in paragraph 6 and 7 to illustrate ______.A.The importance of modern technology such as GPS in travels.B.That it’s essential to learn geography and compass work well at work.C.That many people don’t navigate in terms of coordinates such as north and south.D.The convenience of navigating based on familiar streets, rights and lefts and reference points.65. The underlined phrase “oblivious to” in paragraph 8 is closest in meaning to______.A.obvious toB. familiar withC. unconcerned aboutD. unaware of66. Why does the author plan to learn to navigate by the moon and stars?A.Because he expects to experience the harsh conditions on the voyage in the past.B.Because he is required to revisit this ancient skill as a cadet at the U.S. Naval Academy.C.Because the skill can make his feel connected to the historical heritage of human beings.D.Because the skill can bring sailors home, safe and sound, if modern technology fails. Section C（8分）Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Children born today may be the last generation to see coral reefs in all their glory. That’s a warning from a marine biologist who is coordinating efforts to monitor the decline of the world’s most colorful ecosystem.Global heating and ocean acidification(酸化) have already taken a heavy toll on the world’s coral reefs. Some 16 to 33 percent of all warm-water reefs have been severely bleached(漂白), and the remaining reefs are vulnerable to even a fraction of a degree more warming, said the marine biologist, David Obura. He chairs the Coral Specialist Group in the International Union for the Conservation of Nature.“It will be like lots of lights blinking off,” he told the Observer.“______67______ Between now and 2 degrees Celsius, we will see more reefs dropping off the map.”Today’s reefs have a history going back 25 million to 50 million years. They have survived collisions between the Earth’s tectonic plates(地壳板块), such as that of Africa into Europe, and India into Asia. Yet in five decades, Obura said, mankind has undermined the global climate so fundamentally that the globally connected reef system could be lost in the next generation.The warning follows a landmark UN climate report. ______68______ Scientists warned that if warming reached 2℃, which now appears very likely in the next 50 years, there would be a more than 99% chance that tropical coral reefs would be wiped out.______69______ The UN report also warned of severe knock-on impacts to fisheries and millions of people living in coastal communities, who will lose vital sources of income and be less protected from storms.Coral reefs are often described as undersea forests, but they are declining far more quickly than the Amazon rainforests. ______70______ A temperature rise of just 1 to 2 degrees Celsius can cause the algae(藻类) upon which corals(珊瑚虫) depend to leave. That would drain the coral reefs of colour and make the structure more easily broken. These bleaching events can be temporary if waters cool, but the more frequent they are and the longer they last, the greater the risk of irreparable damage.IV. Summary Writing（10分）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Fed up with constantly having to recharge or replace batteries in your ever-expanding electronic devices? The solution may be just a few steps away. “Energy harvesting” promises to power countless consumer devices, often with nothing more than your body’s movement or heat.Among the most basic forms of the technology is body power. When certain materials are squeezed or stretched, the movement of their atoms creates an electrical charge. Automatic watches have employed the concept for decades, for example, by winding themselves when their user moves their arm. Now, the concept is being considered for a number of other devices. In a contest seeking visionary ideas for wearable technologies, Intel awarded $5,000 for a concept to change the temperature difference between a person’s body and a special piece of clothing they’d wear into electricity for mobile devices. Using sound to power devices is another energy-harvesting variation. Stanford University engineers are testing smart microchips that create electricity from ultrasound to power implantable devices that can analyze a person’s nervous system or treat their diseases. A textile research association in Spain is proposing to obtain electricity from radio waves that flow around everyone to power sensors sewn into clothes, which can monitor a person’s heartbeat or other vital signs.Obtaining stable energy from devices can be complex, however. For one thing, the motion that generates the electricity has to be constant to be useful. Moreover, the amount of power the devices produce depends on the person using them, according to a Columbia University study. It determined that taller people on average provide about 20 percent more power than shorter ones when walking, running or cycling. It’s also unclear how eagerly consumers might welcome energy-harvesting products.第II卷(共40分)V. Translation（15分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1.我们反对以牺牲健康为代价去追求事业上的成功。

2020上海金山高三英语二模I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a hospital. B. In a school.C. In a kindergarten.D. In a tourist office.2. A. Improving her cooking skills. B. Tasting the food made by Tom.C. Having a picnic.D. Showcasing her talents to Tom.3. A. Supportive. B. Hesitant.C. Indifferent.D. Disapproving.4. A. In January. B. Until winter vacation.C. During Christmas season.D. Right now.5. A. The foundation of the theatre. B. A change to the theatre.C. The removal of the seats.D. The figure of the audience.6. A. It can help to find the patients easilyB. It can record patients' conditions.C. It gives patients medical advice.D. It makes records available to doctors and nurses.7. A. He doesn't want to draw.B. He prefers to make the labor division himself.C. He is good at drawing.D. He is happy because he doesn't have to draw.8. A. The key to the woman's success.B. The changes on the market.C. The management of the woman's company.D. The feeling of being a manager.9. A. To paint the doors. B. To paint the ceiling.C. To continue his job.D. To take the job home10. A. Because she is accustomed to the food there.B. Because the food is better there than at the school dining hall.C. Because it is a quiet place.D. Because they can't go to the school dining hall.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several passages and longer conversations, after each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Factors determining intelligence.B. A story of identical twins.C. The importance of intelligence.D. How to get a higher IQ.12. A. Because only one could enter college.B. Because they were abandoned by their parents.C. Because their parents died when they were only babies.D. Because the psychologists did an experiment researching human intelligence.13. A. John got a better education than his identical brother. Peter.B. Children growing up in wealthy families are smarter.C. Environment is important to the development of one's intelligence.D. An isolated community has more educational opportunities.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Unwrapping a new album.B. Having a newly-bought car.C. Entering a newly-purchased house.D. Having access to an online account.15. A. It is nice to share the account on Amazon.B. The sharing economy makes full use of cars.C. Consumers consider ownership more important than access.D. The sharing economy makes clear relationship between consumers and products.16. A. The sharing economy develops car manufacturing.B. It is good for environment to increase the usage of goods.C. The sharing economy reshapes the market and benefits people.D. In the sharing economy, companies bridge the gap between people and resources.Questions 17 and 18 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Products.B. Locations.C. Coffee making techniques.D. Staff quality.18. A. She made a questionnaire.B. She talked with customers.C. She wrote a handbook for the employeesD. She applied for a job at Starbucks.19. A. Customers are especially concerned about the service of a cafe.B. The more expensive the coffee beans and milk, the better the coffee is.C. Customers want more varieties of coffee.D. Customers rely on the brand image when they are making choices.20. A. Because the manual will be the latest version.B. Because it will tell customers detailed product information.C. Because it includes important policies and procedures.D. Because employees enjoy reading it.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A ban on distracted walkingYou can’t walk down the street without passing so-called “smart-phone zombies（僵尸）.”They are too absorbed in their screen (21) _________ (watch) where they are going. Almost four in ten people admit having suffered a technology-related small accident (22) _________ they pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement.Now the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, has decided it’s time to take immediate action and make it illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone. Those (23) _________ (catch) using phones, tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to $ 100.Honolulu is the first major U. S. city to ban (24) _________ is called “distracted walking.” It comes after a study found there (25) _________ (be) more than 11,000 injuries in the United States resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years.To explain the decision, mayor Kirk Caldwell said, “We hold the unfortunate honor of being a major city (26) _________ more pedestrians are hit in crosswalks than almost any other city in the country.”Under the fine systems. (27) _________ breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of $15 to $35. People breaking the law for a second or third time will get a $99 fine.The law, which is called the Distracted Walking Law, does permit an exception. Pedestrians (28) _________ use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid (29) _________ (fine) in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait (30) _________ you are again, safely, off the street.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Giving kids allowances in the smart-phoneAllowances are a constant. No matter how much technology interferes with the parent-child relationship, kids still want money and parents still want to impart（赋予）a basic work ethic. But putting stickers on chore（日常事务）charts and dropping coins in piggy banks don’t cut it with the smart-phone generation.Parents in search of more _____31_____ ways to teach children the value of money are turning to allowance-tracking apps, where kids can see their ______32______ rise and fall in real time.Bonnie Koon, a mother of three in Crawfordville, Fla., used to post a calendar on her refrigerator _____33______ her kids chores, to the embarrassment of her 16-year-old twins. After seeing a Facebook ad for the app Green-light, she ____34_____ it.Green-light links to parents’ bank accounts so that the payout can be seamless. Parents can encourage saving by paying interest on the money that isn’t spent ____35____ -- interest out of the parents’ own pockets, of course.It’s the first taste of ____36____ freedom for many kids, and it’s set in a relatively safe environment. Parents can determine spending limits and choose the retailers（零售商）where a child can make _____37_____. If a child attempts to buy something at an unapproved store or to spend more than the limit, the transaction（交易）is _____38_____ and parents get a notification. And if a kid loses the card, parents can immediately cancel it from the app.One of Ms. Koon’s twins. Brenna, works part time at a restaurant. She’s putting half of her pay check into a car-insurance savings fund she set up in the app, whit the goal of saving $450 by July. With each _____39______, the app gives Brenna a progress update.Some parents might worry that relying on apps to get kids to do chores only encourages them to be on their phones more. But parents who have chosen this approach argue that they are meeting their kids where they are and that it takes the _____40_____ nagging（唠叨）out of the equation. The real-time look at their accounts makes the concepts of saving and spending more tangible than reviewing a bank statement.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you like to take a walk in the woods in the United States or you prefer to decorate a tree at Christmas, you should know that climate change is making both of those activities a lot more ____41____.Looking at two ____42____ and economically important species -- the Douglas fir and the Ponderosa pine -- scientists found that fires and drought _____43_____ by climate change make new growth difficult, especially in low-elevation forests, according to a study published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Some forests in four regions in California, Colorado, the Northern Rockies and the southwestern part of the United States have crossed “a(n) ____44____ climate tipping（转折）point for post-fire tree generation,” the study says.Climate conditions over the past 20 years have _____45_____ changes that would have taken decades or even centuries to ____46____ across broad regions of the country. This is leading to the sudden _____47_____ of trees and making these lands increasingly unsuitable for tree regeneration.“Climate changes is _____48_____ our forests now, not just in some distant future. Maybe in areas where there are really _____49_____ seed sources, there could be some trees, but it is becoming really hard to get these trees back due to climate change,”said study co-author Kim Davis.The problem probably won’t get any better, as climate change is making intense wildfires much more _____50_____. Western foresters say there used to be a fire season. But devastating and ____51____ fires have become a reality all year long. In 2018, fire cost California more than $9.05 billion, according to the USA insurance commissioner, the deadliest and most destructivewildfires season in the ______52______ history.A higher number of fires and low seed availability means a high probability that these trees in these regions won’t come back, Davis said. This study _____53______ on the driest and hottest areas of the Western forests, but researchers will next try to focus on how much will be impacted._____54____, there are some things people can do to ease some of this problem. Forest management plans that reduce high-severity burns can help. Increasingly, forest managers are considering allowing some fires to burn under more moderate conditions, Davis said, Forest _____55_____.41. A. convenient B. difficult C. encouraging D. frustrating42. A. ecologically B. apparently C. physically D. financially43. A. destroyed B. worsened C. extended D. established44. A. necessary B. enormous C. critical D. invisible45. A. accelerated B. delayed C. eliminated D. strengthened46. A. transform B. spread C. preserve D. escape47. A. extinction B. decline C. tragedy D. increase48. A. sustaining B. abandoning C. facilitating D. endangering49. A. sufficient B. limited C. moderate D. approximate50. occasional B. common C. essential D. temporary51. A. astonishing B. hopeless C. costly D. irreversible52. A. world B. state C. human D. forest53. A. concentrated B. depended C. insisted D. commented54. A. As a result B. For example C. In fact D. What’s more55. A. savers B. managers C. researchers D. advocatesSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)EU members’ states have agreed to ban a toxic substance widely found in clothing because it poses an “acceptable risk”to the environment. Countries voted in favor of extending existing restrictions on nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPE) to imports to clothing and other textile products.The measure is intended to protect species in water. Use of NPE in textile manufature in Europe was banned over 10 years ago but the substance is still released into the water environment through imported textiles being washed.NPE degrades in the environment into substances including nonylphenol (NP), which accumulates in the bodies of fish and disturbs their hormones, harming fertility, growth and sexual development.NPE is used in textile manufacture as a cleaning and dyeing agent. The EU decision notes that several studies have found NPE to be present in textile items.A 2011 study by Greenpeace found NPE in two-thirds of clothes tested, including items sold by big-name brads such as Adidas, H&M, Lacoste, and Ralph Lauren. The NGO (Non-Governmental Organizations) argued that although concentrations of NPE found in the clothes were low, the chemical’s existence in the environment posed a risk.The new ban on textiles containing NPE in concentrations equal to or greater than 0.01% will enter into force five years after it is adopted by the European Commission, which is likely tohappen in September.In comments submitted to ECHA (European Chemicals Agency), clothing and textile firms have warned that obeying the restriction will be difficult because NPE ubiquitous in the supply chain and has numerous uses.The new restriction will not apply to second-hand goods or recycled textiles because it is assumed that these will already have been washed several times so they contain negligible（微不足道的）amounts of NPE.EU countries must eliminate pollution of water bodies by NP as it is a priority substance under the Water Framework Directive. A 2013 study by the UK environment agency warned that emissions from textiles could prevent progress towards this objective. It found 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPE, which was released during the first two washes by the consumer.56. The 2011 study by Greenpeace found _________.A. 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPEB. NPE had limited effects on aquatic speciesC. NPE was widely present in textile productsD. clothes of good quality had no concentrations of NPE57. What’s the possible meaning of the underlined part “is ubiquitous” is Paragraph 7?A. is legally protectedB. is not easy to be foundC. seems to be every whereD. is uncommon58. What can we learn from the text?A. The original ban on use of NPE was very effective.B. Recycled textile contain less NPE.C. The new ban on imports of textile has come into force.D. The UK environment agency is optimistic about the new ban.59. Which section of the website does the text come from?A. lifestyleB. technology.C. Business.D. Environment.(B)LettersComments on the March Issue60. How did Antia Lawrence react to her husband’s diagnosis?A. She felt very painful.B. She gained some life lessons.C. She paid more attention to her own health.D. She showed deep sympathy for her husband.61. According to Sam Kieffer’s letter, what can be learn about John All?A. He is an expert in mountaineeringB. He wrote the article entitled Trapped Inside a Glacier.C. Not all people could survive in the same situation as he did.D. His story is the best one that Sam Kieffer has ever read in Reader’s Digest.62. Who is likely to disagree with what is said in the commented article?A. Edward Deckerd.B. Antia Lawrence.C. Sam Kieffer.D. Janet Toole(C)What makes us love some things and hate others? We know that sometimes even the tiniest change can result in a huge difference in how we perceive something, so is there any rhyme or reason to our tastes and preferences? Here are three factors which play a role.1. Conforming to expectationIn London a few years ago, two talented rappers called Silibil N’ Brains took to the stage to perform at a music industry show for unsigned bands. They were an instant hit. Their outrageous West Coast - American style, brilliant rap lyrics and couldn’t - care - less attitude had the music industry’s talent spotters falling over themselves to sign the pair. In a short space of time, Silibil N’Brains had a deal with a top management company, a contract with a major record label and an advance of $70,000 -- and they hadn’t even made a record. Before long, they were on tour with Eminem and out partying with Madonna. They were living the dream.But two years ago the same two rappers were laughed off stage by the same talent spotters for singing the same sons. So what was the difference? Amazingly, it was their accent. You see, Silibil N’ Brains weren’t, in fact, from West Coast U. S. A. at all. They were from Dundee in Scotland. During the first audition they had used their Scottish accents when rapping and it had not gone down well. “They just laughed at us,” recalled Brains. “We were heartbroken. We went back to Scotland with our tail between our legs”. The lesson for them was that to succeed, you have to conform to expectations and at that time everyone expected rappers to be American.2. The benefit of hindsightSome people are simply ahead of their time. It’s common knowledge that Vincent van Gogh sold only one painting in his lifetime -- the other 900 or so were unknown and unloved until after his death. Monet’s paintings. at least in his early career, was considered incomplete and ugly by critics at the time, while Vermeer, the painter of Girl With a Pearl Earring, even had to use his mother-in-law as a guarantor when he borrowed money -- so unable was he to sell any of his work! Now that public taste has caught up with these artists, more or less anything they touched has an astronomical price tag attached to it. Perhaps the reason is that it just takes a while to get used tosomething -- after all, not all beauty is obvious at first sight.3. A reassuring price tagIn a world where the range of products on offer can be completely bewildering, we often look to price as an indication of quality. We may think we prefer the expensive wine to the cheap one, but we may simply be influenced by the price tag. Even professionals can make the mistake. A researcher from the University of Bordeaux in France took an average bottle of red wine and poured it into two empty bottles, on with an expensive label and the other with a cheap one. Then he invited 57 wine “experts”to taste the wine. Forty of them recommended the wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as “agreeable”, “complex”, “balanced”and “rounded.”while the same wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as “agreeable”, “complex”, “balanced”and “rounded,” while the same wine from the cheap bottle was described as “weak” and “flat”, with only 12 of the experts recommending it. The study made the researcher unpopular with the French wine tasters, but he did prove that price has a significant impact on taste.63. Which of the following statements about Silibil N’ Brains is true?A. Talent spotters fell in love with them at first sight.B. They are from the West Coast of AmericaC. Their success was attributed to behaving and sounding like American rappers.D. They were friends with famous stars like Madonna even before they succeeded.64. The underlined phrases “with our tail between our legs” indicates that _________.A. their first audition proved a failureB. they felt proud of their performanceC. they learned a valuable lessonD. being humble might contribute to their future success65. We an infer from the second factor that ________.A. some artists are better known when they are alive than when they are deadB. public taste usually falls behind famous artistsC. beauty at first sight lasts much longerD. Monet’s paintings are priceless because of their incompleteness66. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. A price tag always fails to indicate the quality of a product.B. A price tag is less likely to confuse customers than the packaging.C. Low price will make the wine unpopular with tastersD. A price tag will cloud a person’s judgement of something.Section CDirections: Read the following. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Are Bamboo-Eating Pandas Really Herbivores?On the outside, giant pandas look like herbivores（食草动物）. They spend nearly all of their waking hours eating bamboo. But on the inside, they’re built like carnivores（食肉动物）. About half of the calories they eat come from protein, according to a new study.The ancestor of giant pandas were omnivorous（杂食的）. They are both animals and plants, and had the digestive system and gut bacteria to metabolize（使发生新陈代谢）them. They had “umami taste receptors,” to appreciate the flavors of meat.However, about 2.4 million years ago, things began to change. _____67_____ Their jaw and teeth evolved to help them crush bamboo, and their wrist bone became capable of grasping the stalks（杆）of their favorite plant. Scientists think pandas switched to eating bamboo partly because they didn’t have to fight with other animals to get it. Bamboo is high in fiber but has a low concentration of nutrients, so pandas have to eat 20 to 40 pounds of the plant every day just to get by.David Raubenheimer, a nutritional ecologist at the University of Sydney, and his colleagues put GPS trackers on two giant pandas and followed their movement throughout the year. They discovered that the pandas followed the protein. _______68______ At the start of the cycle, they ate Bashania fargesii leaves until they got the chance to feast on young shoots, which contained more protein.The more the shoots grew, the more their protein was diluted（冲淡）by fiber. That caused the pandas to move to higher ground, where Fargesia qinlingensis grew. First, they ate the shoots, but these, too, went from being protein - rich to fiber-rich as they grew. The panda responded byswitching to the leaves. ______69______ The researchers found that about half of the calories the pandas ate were in the form of protein._______70_______ “They can know exactly where to go, and when to go, so they can get the most of the nutrients that their ecosystem can provide,” said Silvia Pineda - Munoz, who was not involved in the study.The work also shows that classifying an animals as herbivore or carnivore is more complex than one might sassume. “It’s not whether you’re eating plants but what of the plants you’re eating,” said Pineda - Munoz.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. Herbal MedicineHerbal medicine, which has been used for medicinal purposes, is the use of plants to treat diseases. Many herbalists use the entire plant, from the flowers, stems, leaves, and roots, in the form of everything from teas to pills. These plants contain natural, chemical things that can treat the body for a variety of diseases, such as allergies, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, migraine, chronic fatigue, and cancer, among others.Nowadays an increasing number of people prefer to adopt these plants to treat their diseases because, compared with chemical medicine, herbal medicine has its own advantages. Herbal medicine and remedies are more effective than chemical medicine for certain diseases. The chemical medicine given by a chemist could have certain negative side effects. However, many of the herbal medicine and remedies to not have negative side effects. If any, they are softer than chemical medicine. Obesity is the cause of many of the health problems. Herbal medicine can help weight loss more effectively and improve overall health.However, the cure using herbal medicine and supplements would take some time, andtherefore people are supposed to possess enough patience. Worse still, herbal medicine contains a variety of ingredients and people have to be sure that their body agrees with the ingredients and that it is not allergic（过敏）.A point worth mentioning here is that herbal remedies and medicine for certain illnesses may have negative side effects. These side effects may not be shown at once, but would take months or even years. In the early stages, if the herbal medicine is not agreeing with you, it is wise to stop using it.When used correctly and directed by doctors, herbs can help treat a variety of disease. But keep in mind that the herbal medicine industry is not regulated, so herbal products are often misleading and may contain additives that are not listed on the label. Some herbs may cause allergic reactions or interact with other drugs, and some are poisonous if used improperly or at high doses. Taking herbs on your own increases your risk.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 一闻到这种蛋糕的味道我就总会想起童年。

2020届上海市松江区民乐学校高三英语二模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFour Best Hikes in the WorldThere's nothing like getting out and getting some fresh air on a hike. No matter whether your idea of a hike is a leisure walk or climbing the highest mountain on Earth, we've got you covered. Below are four best hikes inthe world.Torres del Paine W CircuitLocation (位置): Patagonia. ChileDistance: 37 + milesTime: 5~6 daysBest time to go: October to JanuaryThe W Circuit is one of the most recommended hikes you'll find. Not only will you appreciate the diverse landscapes and striking granite pillars (花岗岩柱子), but you'll probably meet some new friends along the way.Grand Canyon Rim - to - Rim HikeLocation: Arizona, the United StatesDistance: 48 milesTime: 1~3 daysBest time to go: May to June, September to OctoberThere's no better way to experience one of the greatest wonders in the world. Located in one of the USA's most beautiful parks, the views are ly appealing. Just make sure you're prepared for the challenge.Trek to PetraLocation: JordanDistance: 47 milesTime: 5~ 6 daysBest time to go: October to AprilTake the road less traveled through the Kingdom of Jordan and experience one of the seven wonders of the world. Hike through canyons, gorges and ridges, and see tombs and temples along the way all while avoidingcrowds of tourists.Yosemite Grand TraverseLocation: California, the United StatesDistance: 60 milesTime: 6~7 daysBest time to go: July to SeptemberKnown for some of the best hiking in the world, Yosemite National Park is famous for its views and huge sequoia (红杉) trees. Praised byNational Geographic, the Yosemite Grand Traverse will take you through waterfalls and green mountaintops.1.Which of the following is the best time for the hike in Patagonia, Chile?A.AprilB.MayC.AugustD.December2.Where should you go for a less crowded hike?A.JordanB.Patagonia, ChileC.Arizona, the United StatesD.California, the United States3.What can you do along the Yosemite Grand Traverse?A.Plant sequoia treesB.Appreciate waterfallsC.Visit local templesD.Climb granite pillarsBIt’s a big change from homeless teen to Yale (耶鲁)medical school student, butperseverancepaid off for Chelesa Fearce of Clayton County, Georgia.Fearce was a fourth grader when her mom was diagnosed (诊断) with Lymphoma (淋巴瘤).That began a hard time for the family. They had to move in and out of shelters,hotels and even the family car.“I know I have been made stronger. I was homeless. My family slept on the floor and we were lucky if we got more than one full meal a day. Getting a shower, food and clean clothes was an everyday struggle,” Fearce said in a speech she gave at her high school graduation ceremony. Fearce overcame her day-to-day struggles by focusing on a better day. “I just told myself to keep working, because the future will not be like this anymore. And that helped me get through,” she told WSBTV.Fearce was determined to be a good role model for her younger sister. She found inspiration in her late grandmother, struggling with deadly diseases, who gave Fearce emotional support. In her junior and senior year, Fearce took both high school and college courses, missing out on the free meals she depended on so she could getto her college classes. Despite having to use her cellphone to study after the shelter lights were turned off at night, she not only graduated as valedictorian (毕业生代表) of her 2013 class with a 4.5 grade average, but was also given a ride scholarship—including a meal plan to Spelman College in Atlanta.After graduation, she worked full time for two years at the National Institutes for Health inBethesda,Maryland,doing research on drugs. Last fall, she entered Yale and set a course to earn both a PhD and medical degree.4. What does the underlined word “perseverance” in paragraph 1 refer to?A. instant passion.B. continuous efforts.C. great patience.D. selfless ambitions.5. How did Fearce feel facing the sufferings?A. Sad and disappointed.B. Stressed and defeated.C. Determined and confident.D. Joyous and contented.6. What can we know about Fearce’s learning experience?A. Her grandma encouraged her to study medicine.B. Her high school offered her free meals and courses.C. She failed to study late due to frequent power cut.D. She gained remarkable high school achievement.7. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. From Homeless to YaleB. Meet American’s Top GirlC. Disabled but not DefeatedD. Chelesa Fearce: A Girl of Many TalentsCLast summer, I spent four months working in France, where the company I was working for put me up in a house that didn’t have Wi-Fi. I wasn’t looking forward to it.I soon discovered, however, that living in a house without Wi-Fi was easier than I expected.Contact between my friends and family was significantly reduced to the odd text message here and there. I couldn’t enjoy my usual web browsing on BBC iPlayer, social media sites, keeping up to date with the news, or even wanting to know the opening hours of shops in the new area I was in.I didn’t, however, spend a full four months without connecting to a Wi-Fi network. It was only a five minutewalk to the reception where I could connect for free and spend as much time online as I wanted to at my own leisure. It made me think , though , how unnecessary it can be , how unnecessarily we rely on it—how we perhaps rely on it too much. As a person, I was more sociable. I spent more time with my housemates instead of hiding behind a computer screen. I did other things that I wouldn’t necessarily have done if I could have browsed the web at my leisure. I read more, I cooked meals for my friends, and I even tidied up more often. Dare I say it; I learned how to live without Wi-Fi. Dare I say it; I found it was easier than I had imagined.8. What was the writer’s first feeling when finding her house had no Wi-Fi?A. Unexpected.B. Angry.C. Shocked.D. Depressed.9. How did the writer keep in touch with her friends and family without Wi-Fi?A. By writing regularly.B. By text message.C. By video calls.D. By telegram.10. What was the writer’s life like without Wi-Fi?A. Dull.B. Lonely.C. Active.D. Relaxing.11. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. A life without Wi-FiB. Different views on the InternetC. The disadvantages of Wi-FiD. How to use the InternetDPaper is one of our oldest, simplest and most important inventions. But it also presents a danger to the world in two important ways. First, the making of paper requires the loss of many millions of trees each year. And worldwide use of paper is expected to double in the next 40 years. Clearly, the planet cannot stand such a high rate of forest loss. The second great problem with paper is what happens once it is no longer useful. A large amount of wastepaper ends up in landfills, where it can produce harmful gases and finally contribute to global climate change.One simple solution can greatly reduce both of these problems: paper recycling. Instead of cutting down trees, recycle existing paper to feed the paper-making process.Paper is mainly made from cellulose (纤维素)，which can be used repeatedly in papermaking. Unfortunately, it also means that paper waste takes a surprisingly long time to break down in landfills. So far, trees are the only source(来源) of cellulose that can fill the great demand for paper products. Therefore, recycling paper is simplyone of the best ways to save trees. Thanks to advances in processing, recycled paper need not be the dark-color1 edstuff many of us are familiar with. It now can offer the same print performance as non-recycled paper.Effective recycling requires a continuous effort from everyone at all levels of society. The way to begin is with education and understanding. Once enough people realize the need for recycling, more effective recycling systems can be developed.The need is real. The massive loss of trees affects everybody on earth. Everyone should do their part to recycle paper and encourage government and industry to do the same. The world will be a better place for it!12. What can we infer from the text?A. The use of recycled paper will double in 40 years.B. Recycling paper helps relieve global climate change.C. Wastepaper can easily break down in landfills.D. There are not enough landfills for wastepaper.13. What makes recycled paper more acceptable?A. The great demand of trees.B. The low processing cost.C. Its dark-color1 ed feature.D. Its improved print performance.14. What does the author propose?A. Punishing the act of cutting trees.B. Recycling paper.C. Improving recycling system.D. Promoting paper industry.15. How is the text mainly developed?A. By analyzing causes and effects.B. By offering research plans and data.C. By discussing problems and solutions.D. By comparing strengths and weaknesses.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届上海市二中学高三英语二模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AKate Humble: Books that changed my lifeKate Humble is a writer and broadcaster specializing in science, wildlife and rural affairs. Together with her husband site runs Humble by Nature, a rural skills education centre on working farm near Monmouth intheWyeValley.Winnie the Poohby A A MilneMy father used to read this to me when I was very young — he used different voices for all the animals. The characterization (角色设定) was so clever; we all know someone just like each inhabitant of the HundredAcre Wood: gloomy Eeyore; thick but loyal Pooh; enthusiastic Tigger.A A Milne was masterful in exploring the way they got along together, opening my eyes to how society really works.Last Chance to Seeby Douglas Adams and Mark CarwardineThis book tells of the authors, adventures as they set out to find the rarest of animals, those on the edge of extinction.Their travels are rather exciting and they share a wonderful humour, which really appealed to me. Yet underpinning (支撑) everything is the realization that we can't just sit back and allow species to disappear. PicturePalaceby Paul TherouxI've always loved Theroux's travel writing, but this novel took my breath away. The words aren't long or complicated but, fromthat first paragraph, his writing grabs you by the nose hairs and drags you along. I had an art teacher who told me, “You're only an artist when you've found your own style, not when you're copying someone else, and Theroux represents this.”1. Why did the author mention the characterization ofWinnie the Pooh?A. To indicate the book has realistic values.B. To show how adorable the characters are.C. To persuade people to learn from the characters.D. To prove the writer is good at creating characters.2. What didLast Chance to Seestrike into Kate's heart?A. Curiosity.B. Responsibility.C. Exploration.D. Devotion.3. Which writer does Kate Humble like for his original writing?A. A A Milne.B. Douglas Adams.C. Mark Carwardine.D. Paul Theroux.BA Virginia teen is doing his part to make sure frontline health care workers are getting the meals they need to help them take care of themselves and others.Arul Nigam, 17, of Tyson's Corner, Va. , has had to make several adjustments since his school year ended abruptly in mid-March due to the coronavirus pandemic(新冠疫情).“We didn'thave any classes for like over a month and then after that there were a lot of technical difficulties. So I started to have a lot more free time,” he tells Yahoo Life. “It was really saddening, but it was also something that really surprised me, that our health care workers are facing something like that,” Nigam says. “So I wanted to see what I could do to help them because obviously, they're sacrificing so much and giving so much for all of us. ”In late March, the teen started fundraising efforts with the help of friends and family to help these health care workers receive much-needed meals. He also began doing research about what hospitals had the most amount of coronavirus cases, so he could prioritize those places first. He was also arranging for the orders to be fulfilled at local family-owned restaurants impacted by shutdown orders. So far, Nigam has delivered over 1,000 meals to 22 hospitals in 13 states, including New York, Massachusetts and Maryland.Nigam's efforts have not only helped health care workers, but restaurants as well. With quarantine restrictionstaking a toll onthe food industry, places like Best Coast Burrito in Oakland, Calif. , have lost business over the last few weeks. Best Coast's owner,Alvin Shen, tells Yahoo Life that being able to partner with Arul and others in efforts to feed those on the frontline has been a big help.4. What would Nigam probably do according to his words?A. Study at home by himself.B. Spend the more free time playing.C. Donate some money to health care workers.D. Do something helpful for health care workers.5. What is Nigam's priority when delivering food?A. The urgency of meals.B. The severity of the virus.C. The number of doctors.D. The position of hospitals.6. What does the phrase “taking a toll on” in the last paragraph mean?A. Turning a blind eye to.B. Keeping an eye on.C Causing lots of damage to.D. Answering completely for.7. Where can you probably read this text?A. Science fiction.B. Fashion magazine.C. Life magazine.D. Entertainment newspaper.CDad’s comb was jade green. I heard he bought it when he married Mum, which made the comb two years older than I was. Every night, he wouldsmile, hand me the comb and say, “Be a good girl and help Daddy clean it, OK?”I was more than happy to do it. At age five this mundane task brought me such joy. I would excitedly turn the tap on, then brush the comb with a used toothbrush as hard as I could. Satisfied that I’d done a good job, I would proudly return the comb to Dad. He would smile at me and place the comb on top of his wallet.About two years later, Dad left his sales job and started his own wholesale business. I started primary school. That was when things started to change. He didn’t come home as much as he used to – just a couple of times a week. And when he did come home, it was always late and I’d already be in bed. I started to get mad. I stopped waiting for him to come home, and stopped going downstairs to check on him.Today, I’m no longer a kid. I’ve graduated from college and got a job. Dad’s business has got back on track. Things are better now. Yet the uncomfortable silence between Dad and me persisted.Two days before my birthday last year, Dad came home early. As usual, I helped him carry his bags into his study. When I turned to leave, he said, “Hey, would you like to help me clean my comb?” I looked at him a while, then took the comb and headed to the sink.I passed the clean comb back to Dad. He looked at it and smiled. But this time, I noticed something different. My dad has aged. He has wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiles, yet his smile is still as heartwarming as before. The smile of a father who just wants a good life for his family. Dad carefully placed his comb on top of his wallet.After so many years, he still organizes his personal items in the same meticulous way. I guess some things never change. And for that, I’m glad.8. What caused the uncomfortable silence between Dad and me?A. Generation gap.B. Dad’s failure in business.C. My ignorance of Dad.D. Dad’s absence from the family.9. Which of the following can best describe Dad?A. Gentle but strict.B. Hardworking and caring.C. Cautious and realistic.D. Demanding but patient.10. Why did Dad ask his daughter to clean his comb before her birthday?A. To give her a lesson.B. To follow his old habit.C. To fix their relationship.D. To praise her helpfulness.11. Which saying concludes the text best?A. Yesterday once more.B. Let bygones be bygones.C. Some things never change.D. Like father, like daughter.DJose Hernandez made his dream of becoming an astronaut a reality and he did so despite unbelievable difficulties“I was workingin a field near Stockton, and I heard on my radio that Franklin Chang-Diaz had been selected for the Astronaut Corps," said Jose, who was a senior in high school at the timed was already interested in science and engineering, Jose remembered, "but that was the moment I said, "I want to fly in space.' "As one of four children in a migrant（移民）farming family from Mexico, Jose - who didn't learn English until he was 12 years old - spent much of his childhood traveling with his family from Mexico to southern California each March, then working northward to the Stockton area by November, picking strawberries and cucumbers at farms along the route. They would then return to Mexico for Christmas and start the cycle all over again in thespring. "Some kids might think it would be fun to travel like that,“ Jose laughed, "but we had to work”.After graduating from high school, Jose was admitted into the University of the Pacific, In 1987, he accepted a full-time job with Lawrence National Laboratory. In 2001, Jose joinedtheJohnson Space Center, where he came face-to-face with Franklin Chang-Diaz.“We actually had common experiences —asimilar upbringing, the same language issues. That built up my confidence. Any barriers that existed, he had already overcome them.” Jose smiled. "Now it's my tum!,,“NASA rejected me not once, not twice, not three times but 11 times. It wasn't until the 12th time that I got selected, he said. Jose was selected as part of the 19th class of astronauts in 2004. He circled the globe 217 times but remains a down to Earth guy.Jose Hernandez received the 2016 National Hispanic Hero Award and he continues his long history in the field of engineering and space.12. What made Jose determined to be an astronaut?A. The influence of Astronaut Corps.B. The success of Franklin Chang-Diaz.C. His interest in science and engineering.D. The experience of working in the field.13. What can we learn about Jose as a child?A. He did much farm work.B. He travelled a lot for fun.C. He hated learning English.D. He obeyed his family in everything.14. How did Jose feel when he met FranklinChang-Diaz personally?A. Inspired.B. Valued.C. Relaxed.D. Puzzled.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Climb over BarriersB. Reach for the StarsC. Work the Hard WayD. Learn from Your Past第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年上海市高考英语二模试卷（A卷）II. Grammar and Vocabulary（20分）Section A（10分）Directions： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.1. China's leading online English learning brand 51Talk held （1）________ annual strategic conference in Beijing on Tuesday， with a focus on wider market access， more individual learning modes and AI technology applications．The brand，（2）________（bear） the idea of allowing more children to enjoy quality education， has announced strategic cooperation with partners including family early education brand Qiaohu， Aniworld TV and US publishing house TCM．Chinese singer and actor Wang Junkai， who boasts high popularity （3）________ younger Chinese， has been invited to be the brand's latest spokesman．Huang Jiajia， founder and CEO of 51Talk， said at the press conference the brand's users cover more than 500 cities nationwide， and the total amount of courses taken by learners has exceeded 3 million in a single month．Huang also believed 51Talk （4）________（dedicate） to promoting "universal education" since its establishment in 2011．"Enjoying qualified foreign teachers in language leaning （5）________ not be the exclusive privilege of children from wealthy families and of China's first﹣tier cities． What 51Talk has been doing is making education resources accessible to more people，" the CEO added．To this end， 51Talk is ready to expand its appeal to more second﹣ and third﹣tier cities，and is expected （6）________（reach） more than 1，000 cities across the nation this year． Also， the English learning brand is poised to conduct （7）________ "one plus one" strategy by arranging foreign and Chinese teachers for learners．"Foreign teachers will continue to show off their professional teaching skills （8）________ Chinese teachers will act as the bridge to connect foreign teachers and students，" Huang said， adding the combination of foreign teachers and Chinese education can not only improve learning and communication efficiency， but also help students to achieve better results．（9）________， 51Talk will continue to follow the Belt and Road Initiative and introduce more Philippine foreign teachers to the teaching team．Huang said Philippine foreign teachers have a high﹣level English teaching ability，（10）________ plays an important role in improving Chinese students' interest in learning English．Section B（10分）Directions： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.2.For years people have recognized the power that writing something down has been able toanchor （固定） a thought or emotion in the brain． This （1）_______ of anchoring emotions and memories with physical touch is now well supported by studies and frequently used by those who practice Neuro﹣linguistic Programming （NLP）．Evidence that the mind and body connection exists in building and （2）_______ memories is abundant． More recently， however， researchers have been turning their attention to the （3）_______ between exercise and the brain． They are finding evidence that supports the belief that exercise can boost brain power．How can that happen？ U．S． researchers have found that exercise helps that brain develop new brain cells in an area of the brain called the dentate gyrus． This area is known to be involved with age﹣related memory loss． The studies performed （4）_______ mice and later humans supported the evidence found in those studies： there was increasedblood flow to the memory center of the brain after exercise， which may help optimize the way the brain （5）_______． Basically， anything that helps the body to decrease stress hormones， which will improve attention span as well as mood and increase the body's metabolism， will also help the brain． It helps by making the brain cells healthier and better able to link to other cells． This action is vital for learning and （6）_______ new information．The fact that exercise makes positive changes in the nervous system and boosts cognitive abilities has not gone （7）_______ by schools． Many states have now established minimum times and frequency for physical education． This type of action is supported by studies that show how much better physically fit third graders and fifth graders performed on standardized tests than students who were still in their studies all the time． The evidence that （8）_______ obesity with lower levels of academic achievement in school children is starting to catch on everywhere．Walking （9）_______ at least three times a week was found to benefit your brain， for it will cease to grow for a lack of exercise． Creative writing benefits brain a lot as this type of activity is not mechanic and cause the brain to produce new （10）_______ which stimulate new dendrites and neurons to grow in the brain． Use one or more of your physical senses，involve your complete attention and break away from your routine in a significant way asdull brain is never ready for the unexpected．III. Reading Comprehension（45分）Section A（15分）Directions： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.3. A college degree is, in most cases, the key to more money and a more comfortable standard of living． But that pathway to higher earnings is more （1）_______ to some than others: A lot of leading colleges do not enroll a lot of low﹣income students, and as a result, they're not （2）_______very many students from low﹣income households into the middle and upper classes．（3）_______, though strategies for enrolling and preserving low﹣income students are usually mentioned, they can be tough to （4）_______ at scale．Dozens of top colleges and universities have more students from the top 1 percent of the income scale than the （5）_______ 60 percent． And that's a problem if colleges hope to escape the common （6）_______that they are little more than a finishing school for the elite（精英）．But there are institutions ﹣ a lot of them ﹣ that have strong track records of （7）_______ the socioeconomic fortunes of students． If higher education is supposed to be the great equalizer （平衡器）, these institutions ﹣ from community colleges to public regional four ﹣year colleges ﹣ are the ones that are doing the most work．Colleges should be （8）_______ recruiting and enrolling low﹣income students ﹣ and that means more than targeting ads to （9）_______ students on social media． It means a commitment to going where they are ﹣ areas that a lot of schools do not typically recruit ﹣and publicize the process of going to college． Then they should be supporting students with （10）_______ when the students get to campus ﹣ whether it's writingcenters, generous financial aid packages, or simply sympathetic academic advisors who perhaps came from low﹣income backgrounds themselves． And it is also preparing students for jobs after college and building relationships with businesses that （11）_______ the process of finding post﹣graduation employment for students, especially for those whose parents don't have their own professional （12）_______．Pace ranks first among private colleges in motivating its students from the lowest levels of the income scale and into the middle and upper class． There are a lot of ways in which people of privilege （特权）（13）_______ their college years or having unpaid internships （实习） or having the social capital to get certain jobs． But colleges can fill those （14）_______, particularly for low﹣income students, helping students get jobs, or sustaining them with programs that help them land paid internships with top companies． We can provide strong networks through faculty and staff as well to help a new generation, anew, socioeconomically （15）_______ generation, achieve the American dream．（1）A significantB necessaryC availableD realistic（2）A evaluatingB urgingC refusingD promoting（3）A HoweverB What's moreC By contrastD On the whole（4）A implementB replaceC overcomeD track（5）A minimumB bottomC mediumD optimum（6）A criticismB commentC practiceD suspicion（7）A worseningB claimingC improvingD denying（8）A directlyB strictlyC activelyD cautiously（9）A urbanB nativeC suburbanD prospective（10）A resourcesB coachesC skillsD funds（11）A pushB easeC slowD affect（12）A trainingsB careersC standardsD networks（13）A benefit fromB invest inC fit intoD advance through（14）A vacanciesB gapsC bottomsD blanks（15）A competitiveB responsibleC diverseD dynamicSection B（22分）Directions： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.4. A round face, big eyes, soft fur and a quiet purr． It's not easy to resist the company of an adorable cat． No wonder French﹣German philosopher Albert Schweitzer oncesaid, "There are two means of refuge from the miseries of life: music and cats．"Indeed, it's no secret how much people around the world love cats． From China's Sina Weibo to US video﹣sharing site YouTube, bloggers across the globe love to show off their cats．In September, a charitable activity called "Cat Month" was held in Beijing． It was meant to encourage more people to care for our furry friends, especially ________ cats．Cats become such a big part of pop culture in China that young people have come up with cat﹣related slang phrases, such as "cat slave" to refer to people who adore their cats, and "a daily dose of cats" to refer to having to watch a certain number of cat videos to get through the day．People in Japan are also huge fans of cats． As the birthplace of Hello Kitty and the "beckoning cat", Japan made a "cat train" that was ridden around the country by 30 straycats in 2017． Passengers could sit and play with the cats on the train, offering the animals plenty of care and warmth．Istanbul, a historic city in Turkey, is also friendly to cats． In the recent documentary film Kedi, which hit Chinese cinemas in September, director Ceyda Torun showed us the daily lives of seven street cats with vivid narration． Cats there are not afraid of people． They go in and out of almost everywhere ﹣ coffee shops, markets, universities, and even government buildings． If you sit on a park bench, a cat is likely to come and snuggle with you．Seeing how cats have become a worldwide addiction, you may wonder why some people prefer cats over dogs． This may be down to how they identify with themselves ﹣ modern young people see the independent attitude of cats as something they value more．"Unlike dogs, who look at us with their loving eyes, cats appear to show off their independence． They ask for attention in a way that tells us that they desire human companionship, but they don't need it, " author Marie﹣Louise von Franz wrote in her book The Cat: A Tale of Feminine Redemption．（1）What's probably the best title of this passage？________A Time to End LonelinessB Lovely CatsC Loving Dogs， Loving CatsD Cat Slaves．（2）The word "________" in the third paragraph most probably means "________"．A disabledB caringC homelessD restless．（3）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？________A Japanese offer their care and love to stray cats and used to have a cat train．B Kedi，a documentary film， tells us daily lives of seven street cats with attractivenarration． C Many people want to show off their cats on websites such as Sina Weibo． D There are many cat﹣related slang phrases that people come up with around the world．．（4）Why do many people become addicted to cats？________A Because they look at us with their loving eyes．B Because cats are independent and sometimes will show off their characters．C Because they ask for attention in a way that tells us that they need human companionship．D Because people prefer cats to dogs．5. Movies Not to MissIn 2019 there will be returns to classic movie characters and stories． FILE PHOTOSIn 2018, to which we've just said goodbye, we've seen blockbusters such as Black Panther, Crazy Rich Asians and A Star Is Born． And there are more exciting movies in the works for 2019． Below TEENS has picked three for you． Let's take a look．Spider﹣Man: Far From Home, July 5, USTom Holland, the lead actor of 2017's Spider﹣Man: Homecoming, returns to play Peter Parker, a high school student who gains superpowers after being bitten by a spider．When we see him again in theaters, Spider﹣Man will have a new red﹣and﹣black suit． The movie will take the famous wall﹣crawler on a global adventure outside of theUS． According to Marvel Studios President Kevin Feige, Spider﹣Man will try a return to his "normal" self; he will try to find his old powers on his new journey．Hobbs and Shaw, July 26, USTo most people the Fast and Furious series is all about crazy drivers racing in sports cars． But in its spin﹣off, called Hobbs and Shaw, humor is added to the action﹣packed thrills．The new film will hit US theaters on July 26． Famous robust English actor Jason Statham will star alongside Dwayne Johnson, "The Rock", as Deckard Shaw and Luke Hobbs respectively, as in their previous appearances in Fast and Furious films．When the pair fought face to face in Fast and Furious 8 （2017）, a confrontation was dubbed the "battle model for warriors"． The action and chemistry really stimulated their audience．But the new action scenes between an MI6 agent Hobbs and the killer Shaw will have to be good to beat their stand﹣off in the 2017 movie．The Lion King, July 19, USThis is a brand﹣new version of the classic children's film． The story of wide﹣eyed young lion Simba still remains in hearts of world audiences even after 25 years． In this re﹣telling, Simba again begins the difficult journey to become the King of the Pride Lands, a vast African prairie．The favorite part of the story for many has always been the friendship between Simba, the meerkat called Timon and the warthog Pumbaa． The last two sacrifice all they have to help Simba to his throne． How will the new movie re﹣imagine their famous relationship?（1）Where might this passage come from？________A An report in a newspaper．B A notice in the window of a cinema．C A magazine about fashion．D A advertisement distributed by a cinema．．（2）Which film is filled with adventure and humor？________A Spider﹣Man： Far From HomeB The Lion KingC Hobbs and ShawD The Fast and Furious．（3）Which of the following statement is true according to the article？________A In Spider﹣man： Far From Home， Tom Holland， the lead director will return to play Peter Parker．B In The Lion King wide﹣eyed young lion Simba eventually becomes the King of the Pride Lands， a vast African prairie．C The new action scenes in Hobbs and Shaw is a confrontation which is dubbed the "battle model for warriors"．D In 2019，there will be three classic movies to be released in the US in all．6. A radio report caught my attention the other day, as it spoke straight to myheart: Cadets （学员） at the US Naval Academy are now required to revisit and potentially revive the ancient skill of steering a ship by the stars．By the stars﹣imagine that: looking up at the sky, not down at a screen, so many years after the heavens' critical role in guiding mariners has fallen by the wayside, first displaced by radio waves, then by modern GPS． Much is gained﹣but something also lost﹣in such progress, I think．It reminded me of my love of 18th﹣ and 19th﹣century seafaring （航海的） tales （reading them is one of my coping mechanisms for life in the landlocked Midwest）, when sailors had only celestial （天空的） maps for navigation and still miraculously managed to sail the planet's vast oceans and even circumnavigate the globe．Recent cyber security concerns have triggered renewed interest in backup navigational strategies such as stargazing, and simple hand﹣held technologies like the sextant, so often invoked in Richard Henry Dana's Two Years Before the Mast, a tale that chronicles a mid﹣19th﹣century merchant ship's endlessly harrowing voyage from Boston to California and back．I wouldn't wish the harsh conditions of that trip on modern sailors, but I am all for anything that gets people clued in to their compass bearings （方位） and travel trajectories without high﹣tech and often mindless guidance．"Is that north or south of here? " I've asked motel clerks and gas station attendants about a particular address I'm seeking in my GPS﹣less travels．"Well, it's that way, " comes the most frequent reply, accompanied by a pointed finger, and I realize that north, south, east, and west are not familiar coordinates （坐标） to many people otherwise thoroughly attuned to the local lay of their land．To be fair, I haven't always been attuned to compass points either． In fact it was not until I was a young adult, lazing on a float in my parents' pool on a late summer's visit home, and watching the sun dip below the roofline, that I first realized that my childhood home faced due west． I was shocked that I'd been ________ this simple fact, especially since I'd begun to be schooled in geology and certainly in compass work． But like so many, I'd grown up thinking and navigating in terms of other coordinates, based on familiar streets, rights and lefts, and reference points such as my school, the homes of friends, the nearest playground, and the local shopping plaza．I've long since become accustomed to finding my bearings on travels in unfamiliar territory by the sun's position． And now I'd love to sit in on a class at the academy to learn to navigate by the moon and stars． It's a skill I'll likely never need to draw upon． Yet just knowing how it would connect me, in a new and profound way, to the historical arc of human experience on this planet．As for modern sailors, it might just bring them safely home one day, if all else fails．（1）What kind of role do 18th and 19th century seafaring tales play in the author's life？________A Enriching his dull inland life．B Triggering his concern for cybersecurity． C Arousing his interest in modern navigationalstrategies． D Strengthening his resolve to revive an ancient skill．．（2）The author mentions his experience of seeking an address in paragraph 6 and 7 to illustrate________．A The importance of modern technology such as GPS in travels．B That it's essential to learn geography and compass work well at work．C That many people don't navigate in terms of coordinates such as north and south．D The convenience of navigating based on familiar streets， rights and lefts and reference points．．（3）The underlined phrase "oblivious to" in paragraph 8 is closest in meaning to________．A obvious to B familiar with C unconcerned about D unaware of．（4）Why does the author plan to learn to navigate by the moon and stars？________A Because he expects to experience the harsh conditions on the voyage in thepast． B Because he is required to revisit this ancient skill as a cadet at the U．S． Naval Academy． C Because the skill can make his feel connected to the historical heritage of human beings． D Because the skill can bring sailors home， safe and sound， if modern technology fails．Section C（8分）Directions： Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.7.Children born today may be the last generation to see coral reefs in all their glory． That's a warning from a marine biologist who is coordinating efforts to monitor the decline of the world's most colorful ecosystem．Global heating and ocean acidification（酸化） have already taken a heavy toll on the world's coral reefs． Some 16 to 33 percent of all warm﹣water reefs have been severely bleached（漂白）， and the remaining reefs are vulnerable to even a fraction of a degree more warming， said the marine biologist， David Obura． He chairs the Coral Specialist Group in the International Union for the Conservation of Nature．"It will be like lots of lights blinking off，" he told the Observer． "（1）________Between now and 2 degrees Celsius， we will see more reefs dropping off the map．"Today's reefs have a history going back 25 million to 50 million years． They have survived collisions between the Earth's tectonic plates（地壳板块）， such as that of Africa into Europe， and India into Asia． Yet in five decades， Obura said， mankind has undermined the global climate so fundamentally that the globally connected reef system could be lost in the next generation．The warning follows a landmark UN climate report．（2）________Scientists warned that if warming reached 2℃， which now appears very likely in the next 50 years， there would be a more than 99% chance that tropical coral reefs would be wiped out．（3）________The UN report also warned of severe knock﹣on impacts to fisheries and millions of people living in coastal communities， who will lose vital sources of income and be less protected from storms．Coral reefs are often described as undersea forests， but they are declining far more quickly than the Amazon rainforests．（4）________ A temperature rise of just 1 to 2 degrees Celsius can cause the algae（藻类） upon which corals（珊瑚虫） depend to leave． That would drain the coral reefs of colour and make the structure more easily broken． These bleaching events can be temporary if waters cool， but the more frequent they are and the longer they last， the greater the risk of irreparable damage．IV. Summary Writing（10分）8. Directions： Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point （s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible．Fed up with constantly having to recharge or replace batteries in your ever﹣expanding electronic devices？ The solution may be just a few steps away． "Energy harvesting" promises to power countless consumer devices， often with nothing more than your body's movement or heat．Among the most basic forms of the technology is body power． When certain materials are squeezed or stretched， the movement of their atoms creates an electricalcharge． Automatic watches have employed the concept for decades， for example， by winding themselves when their user moves their arm． Now， the concept is being considered for a number of other devices． In a contest seeking visionary ideas for wearable technologies， Intel awarded $5，000 for a concept to change the temperature difference between a person's body and a special piece of clothing they'd wear into electricity for mobile devices． Using sound to power devices is another energy﹣harvesting variation． Stanford University engineers are testing smart microchips that create electricity from ultrasound to power implantable devices that can analyze a person's nervous system or treat their diseases． A textile research association in Spain is proposing to obtain electricity from radio waves that flow around everyone to power sensors sewn into clothes， which can monitor a person's heartbeat or other vital signs．Obtaining stable energy from devices can be complex， however． For one thing， the motion that generates the electricity has to be constant to be useful． Moreover， the amount of power the devices produce depends on the person using them， according to a Columbia University study． It determined that taller people on average provide about 20 percent more power than shorter ones when walking， running or cycling． It's also unclear how eagerly consumers might welcome energy﹣harvesting products．第II卷（共40分） V. Translation（15分）Directions： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.9. 我们反对以牺牲健康为代价去追求事业上的成功．（object）________10. 我们绝不能想当然的认为分数高就是能力高．（On）________11. 他突然领悟到荣誉是无足轻重的，而他真正在意的是家庭幸福．（occur）________12. 选修课的学分应该占所有学分的三分之一，现代人才要具备广博的知识来应对挑战，把握机遇．（equip）________VI. Guided Writing（25分）13. Directions： Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．读书之妙趣，不仅在于书，还在于读书的人和事．请把你读书的趣事写下来，参加某一英文报征文大赛，与人分享．在征文中，你必须：1．回忆与同学或教师或家人的读书生活场景．2．简要谈谈对读书的感受．2020年上海市高考英语二模试卷（A卷）答案1. its,bearing,among,has been dedicated,should,to reach,a,while,Besides,which2. B,H,K,A,J,I,D,G,C,F3. CDBABACCDABDABC4. ACDB5. ACB6. ACDC7. B,D,E,C8. It is often the case that we are tired of charging the battery．【高分句型一】（我们常常对于电池的充电感到厌烦） Now we can use an environment﹣friendly technology to solve the problem．（一种环保的科技可以解决这个问题）Energy harvesting has the potentialto power countless consumer devices．（能量收集技术有潜力为无数的消费设备提供能源）It is body power that is among the most basic forms of the technology．【高分句型二】（体力是这种科技的基本形式） Besides we can use sound to power devices．（可以利用声音来供电）However， obtaining energy from devices stably can be complicated．（从设备中稳定地获得能量很复杂）How eagerly consumers might welcome energy﹣harvesting products remains to be seen．（消费者是否喜欢这种形式有待于验证）9. We object topursuing/striving for success in our career at the cost of our health．10. On no account should we take it for granted that a high score equals high ability．11. It occurred to him that honor was not important and what he really cared about was the happiness of his family．12. The credits of optional courses/selective courses should take up one third of all， for modern talents need to be equipped with a wide range of knowledge to meet the challenges and seize the opportunities13. When young， I was addicted to reading， whether comic strips or novels． It feels likea kind of breath without which I can't live． Here is an interesting story I am dying to share with you．（点明主题）That originated from my childhood when I was abandoned to Sherlock Holmes． Every time finishing reading one chapter of The Great Adventure of Sherlock Holmes， I would gatherall my friends to role﹣play the scene happening in the story and guess who was the murderer by sharp observation and reasonable logical thinking， which deepened my reading and also confirmed my determination to be a detective， one dream that might only be realized in dream now．【高分句型一】 Ridiculous as I used to be， it is still a incredible and yearning time that is cherished and treasured．（回忆与同学或教师或家人的读书生活场景）Therefore， reading is a time full of joy and fun， it is with which that you can put down all your trouble and anxiety， be free from hustle and bustle and finally find your soul and home where you can touch your dream and immerse yourself in a fictional world， no hurt and no worry．【高分句型二】Hence， why not read all your life？ Extracting a piece of paragraph and sharing with others to play is my approach， what about yours？ Let's cherish all reading time and feel the joy of it．（简要谈谈对读书的感受）。

2020届宝山区高三英语二模III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.As a child, what did you want to be when you grew up? If you were like most children, you probably let your imagination run 41 . Maybe you dreamed of flying into space or being a famous chef. Then perhaps over the years, your dreams became more 42 . Or you might have given up on some altogether.If that's the case, then today's the day for you. January 13th is Make Your Dreams Come True Day. If you've been 43 fulfilling your dreams, this is the day to make a fresh start.It's important to dream because dreams can give us the 44 to succeed in life. Dreams inspire and motivate us. The great thing about dreams is that there's no 45 to accomplish them right away. They might take a few years or they might take a lifetime to 46 . The important thing is that you're 47 working toward your dream. And the best way to do that is by setting goals.What is the 48 between a dream and a goal? It's been said that dreams are the final destination; goals are the stops along the way.Dreams can be very 49 . But the steps you take to reach them should be very 50 . Your dreams state what you want, but goals explain how you'll get there. That makes goal setting a necessary step in 51 your dreams.Many successful people have spoken about dreams. Former U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell stressed the 52 of working for your dreams. "A dream doesn't become reality through magic: it takes sweat, 53 and hard work. "Author Les Brown reminded us that dreams have no 54 limit. You are never too old to set another goal or to dream a new dream.If you've been dreaming about doing something for years, start today. Write down your dream, and 55 your goals. Then you'll be on your way to making your dreams come true.41.A. fast B. high C. well D. wild42.A. colorful B. amazing C. realistic D. attractive43.A. putting off B. taking off C. getting off D. paying off44.A. opportunity B. direction C. energy D. access45.A. pressure B. doubt C. sense D. need46.A. seek B. achieve C. explain D. design47.A. really B. almost C. always D. hardly48.A. concept B. similarity C. comparison D. difference49.A. unreal B. general C. changeable D. flexible50.A. specific B. abstract C. common D. complicated51.A. imaging B. avoiding C. reaching D. believing52.A. process B. benefit C. consequence D. importance53.A. blood B. determination C. intelligence D. loyalty54.A. age B. extra C. space D. normal55.A. transfer B. convert C. establish D. devote参考答案：41－55 DCACA BCDBA CDBAC2020届崇明区高三英语二模III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.High school students who take music courses score significantly better on math, science and English exams than their non-musical peers, according to a new study published in the Journal of Educational Psychology.School administrators needing to cut budgets often look first to music courses, because the general belief is that students who devote time to music rather than math, science and English, will __41__ in those disciplines.“Our research proved this belief __42__ and found the more the students engage with music, the better they do in those subjects,” said UBC (University of British Columbia) education professor and the study’s principal investigator, Peter Gouzouasis. “The students who learned to play a musical instrument in elementary and __43__ playing in high school not only score significantly higher, but were about one academic year ahead of their non-music peers with regard to their English, mathematics and science skills, as measured by their exam grades,__44__ their socioeconomic background, race, previous learning in mathematics and English, and gender.”Gouzouasis and his team __45__ data from all students in public schools in British Columbia who finished Grade 12 between 2012 and 2015. The data __46__, made up of more than 112,000 students, included those who completed at least one standardized exam for math, science and English. Students who studied at least one instrumental music course in the regular curriculum counted as students __47__ music.The researchers found the __48__ relationships between music education and academic achievement were more pronounced for those who took instrumental music rather than vocal (发声的) music. The findings suggest skills learned in instrumental music __49__ very broadly to thestudents’ learning in school.“Learning to play a musical instrument and playing in a band is very __50__ ,” said the study’s co-investigator Martin Guhn, an assistant professor in UBC’s school of population and public health. “A student has to learn to read musical notes, develop eye-hand-mind coordination (协调), develop keen listening skills, develop __51__ skills for playing in a band and develop discipline to practice. All those learning experiences, and more, play a role in __52__ the learner’s cognitive capacities (认知能力), executive functions, and motivation to learn in school.”The researchers hope that their findings will be brought to the __53__ of students, parents, teachers and administrative decision-makers in education, as many school districts over the years have emphasized mathematics and literacy __54__ other areas of learning, particularly music. “However, the amusing aspect is that __55__ education can be the very thing that improves all-around academic achievement,” said Gouzouasis.41. A. overbalance B. underperform C. overwork D. underplay42. A. fantastic B. strategic C. embarrassing D. wrong43. A. resisted B. delayed C. deserted D. continued44. A. thanks to B. in contrast to C. regardless of D. by means of45. A. examined B. published C. stored D. exchanged46. A. report B. sample C. analysis D. center47. A. taking B. composing C. sharing D. performing48. A. casual B. symbolic C. predictive D. changeable49. A. transfer B. decline C. attach D. limit50. A. attractive B. distinct C. independent D. demanding51. A. life B. literacy C. team D. survival52. A. altering B. enhancing C. distracting D. labeling53. A. attention B. question C. edge D. glory54. A. in terms of B. as a result of C. in case of D. at the cost of55. A. health B. music C. science D. school参考答案：41-55 BDDCA BACAD CBADB2020届奉贤区高三英语二模III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Making choices is hard. That would be why researcher Moran Cerf has (41) ______ it from his life. As a rule, he always chooses the second menu item at a restaurant.This is (42) ______ by his research in neuroeconomics(神经经济学) (a somewhat new, divisive field) at Northwestern University. As Business Insider describes, Cerf has extended his ideas--which draw on some controversial ideas in psychology, including ego depletion out--into a piece of advice that, to (43) ______ happiness, people should "build a life that requires (44) ______ decisions by surrounding themselves with people who possess traits they prefer.On an instinctive level, Cerf’s idea (45) ______: Many choices people make are the product of social pressures and the inputs of (46) ______ people around them. One example Cerf furnishes is that, (47) ______ consistently ordering the second menu item, he never picks where to eat. Rather, he (48) ______ his decision to his dining partner--which friend he plans to eat with, probably one he trusts--and always lets them pick.While it's (49) ______ what, if any, scientific principles underlie those pieces of advice, there is no shortage of research showing that choices can sometimes feel more (50) ______ than liberating. An example from Quanta poits (假设) : If you have a clear love of Snickers(士力架), choosing that over an Almond Joy(杏仁巧克力) or a Milky Way(牛奶巧克力) should be a (51) ______. And, as an experiment conducted by neuroscientist Paul Glimcher at NYU shows, most of the time it is, (52) _______ you introduce more choices. When the participants were offered three candy bars (Snickers, Milky Way, and Almond Joy) they had no problem picking their favorite, but when they were given the option of one among 20, including Snickers, they would sometimes drift away from their (53) ______. When the choices were taken away in later trials, the participants would wonder what caused them to make such a bad decision.As Quanta details, according to a model called "divisive normalization(分裂归一化), which has gained some popularity, the way the brain encodes choices has a lot to do with how it values all its options. So, if you have two things that are clearly (54) ______, brain areas involved in decision-making fire in a pattern that makes the decision clear. When the choices are comparable, the brain does its best to focus on the distinctions between the two, but more choices (55) ______ that ability out.41. A. relieved B. released C. eliminated D. liberated42. A. influenced B. inherited C. implemented D. informed43. A. maximize B. balance C. cherish D. seek44. A. safer B. fewer C. better D. sounder45. A. stands out B. comes into force C. makes sense D. plays a part46. A. distinguished B. trusted C. authorized D. honored47. A. in addition to B. instead of C. in spite of D. regardless of48. A. conveys B. relates C. submits D. limits49. A. evident B. unclear C. critical D. inevitable50. A. confusing B. inspiring C. worrying D. appealing51. A. stressor B. no-brainer C. challenge D. headache52. A. after B. before C. when D. until53. A. preference B. struggle C. status D. direction54. A. impressive B. insignificant C. unique D. distinct55. A. crowd B. figure C. sort D. put参考答案：41-55 CDABC BADBA BDADA2020届虹口区高三英语二模Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.For years, life went something like this; We’d grow up in one place, head off to college, then find a city to live in for a few years to pursue a job or higher education. The end goal was to find somewhere to __41__ for the long trip, buy a house, make a few friends, start a family, and begin the whole __42__ all over again.But a new model for living is emerging; Some people are increasingly choosing to move from city to city throughout their entire lives, sometimes as __43__ as every month.Just ask Alex Chatzielefteriou, who has had a front -row seat watching this evolution __44__ and believes in the huge impact it is making or will make on the industry concerned. Six years ago, he __45__ a start-up which is now called Blue-ground that rents out beautiful - designed, __46__ apartments for a month at a time, at rates that are cheaper than hotels. Today, the company has 3,000 __47__ in six U. S. cities, along with Dubai, Istanbul, London, Paris, and Alex’s native Athens, and a staff of 400. The company just __48__ $50 million in Series B funding, bring its total investment to $78 million, to continue its repaid __49__. It hopes to have 50,000 estates in 50 cities over the next three years, and the goal is to make each one feel unique and comfortable, rather than __50__,like what you might find in a traditional hotel.Alex first came up with the idea for Blue-ground while he was working as a management consultant for McKinsey. “The __51__ of choice for consultants is the hotel,” he says. “I had tospend five years in a hotel room, __52__ in twelve different cities. I loved seeing the world, but I didn’t love feeling like I didn’t have a home.” As he spoke to his friends and coworkers, he realized that many people buried themselves in __53__ due to this drifting lifestyle that meant living gout of a suitcase in the same few non-descript hotel chains that all began to mix together rather than in the “home” full of their own memories.__54__, Alex found the hotels aren’t particularly cost-effective solution for companies, either. __55__, McKinsey sometimes paid $10,000 or more for him to stay in a major city for a month, which was far more expensive than local rents.Is this new living model something that will really take off? Or is it just another flash in the pan? Let’s wait and see.41. A. move out B. settle down C. look around D. show up42. A. style B. rhythm C. cycle D. trend43. A. rarely B. frequently C. occasionally D. unusually44. A. unfold B. recover C. improve D. shrink45. A. completed B. involved C. launched D. overtook46. A. fully-furnished B. poorly-equipped C. ideally-suited D. newly-decorated47. A. landmarks B. vacancies C. properties D. terminals48. A. deposited B. reserved C. granted D. obtained49. A. distribution B. expansion C. combination D. stimulation50. A. casual B. special C. normal D. irregular51. A. attendance B. residence C. destination D. accommodation52. A. wandering B. touring C. observing D. exploring53. A. threat B. guilt C. danger D. frustration54. A. Moreover B. Nevertheless C. Briefly D. Consequently55. A. In a sense B. In his case C. On the scene D. On his occasion 参考答案：41 - 45 DCBAC 46 - 50 ACDBC 51 - 55 DADAB2020届黄浦区高三英语二模III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Retailers(零售商) closed more than 9,000stores in 2019. Some people call what has happened to the shopping landscape “the retail (41) ______ .” It is easy to chal k it up to the rise of e-commerce, which has thrived while physical stores struggle. But this can be (42) ______. Online sales have grown tremendously in the last 20 years, but Internet shopping still represents only 11 percent of the entire retail sales total. Collectively, three major (43) ______ forces have had an even bigger impact on brick-and-mortar retail than the Internet has.To begin with,we have changed (44) ______ we shop —away from smaller stores like those in malls and toward stand-alone “Big Box” stores,which is a greater problem for most physical stores.Also, Rising income (45) ______ has left less of the nation’s money in the hands of the middle class, and the traditional retail stores that (46) ______ them have suffered. It is estimates that since 1970, the share of th e nation’s income earned by families in the middle class has fallen from almost two-thirds to around 40 percent. As the (47) ______ of income at the top rises, overall retail suffers simply because high-income people save a much larger share of their money. The government reports (48) ______ for different income levels in the official Consumer Expenditure Survey. In the latest data, people in the top 10 percent of income (49) ______ almost a third of their income after taxes. People in the middle of the income distribution spent 100 percent of their income. (50) ______, as the middle class has been squeezed and more has gone to the top, it has meant higher saving rates overall.Lastly, We have spent (51) ______ less of income on things and more on services. Since 1960, we went from spending 5 percent of our income on health to almost 18 percent, government statistics show. We spend more on education, entertainment, business services and all sorts of other products that aren’t (52) ______ in traditional retail stores. Economists debate theories of why we have (53) ______ to services and away from goods but no one questions that it has happened. It means that over time, retailers selling (54) ______ will have to run harder and harder just to stay in place.In short, the broad forces hitting retail are more a lesson in economics than in the power of (55) ______. It’s a lesson all retailers will have to learn someday.41.A.business B.disaster C.investment D.strategy42.A.advanced B.confirmed C. overstated D.undervalued43.A.economic B.legal C.physical D.political44.A.how B.what C.where D.why45.A.distribution B.inequality C.level D.tax46.A.aim at B.approve of pete with D.stem from47.A.concentration B.influence C.security D.sourcecation B.employment C.housing D.spending49.A.concealed B.donated C.earned D.saved50.A.Instead B.However C.Moreover D.Therefore51.A.cautiously B.intelligently C. proportionately D.prospectively52.A.available B.insufficient C.popular D.uncommon53.A.applied mitted C.shifted D.tied54.A.ideas B.patents C.services D.things55.A.consumption B.habit C.income D.technology参考答案：41-45:BCACB 46-50:AADDD 51-55: CACDD2020届金山区高三英语二模e National Academy of Sciences.Some forests in four regions in California, Colorado, the Northern Rockies and the southwestern part of the United States have crossed “a(n) 44 climate tipping (转折) point for post-fire tree generation,” the study says.Climate conditions over the past 20 years have 45 changes that would have taken decades or even centuries to 46 across broad regions of the country. This is leading to the sudden 47 of trees and making these lands increasingly unsuitable for tree regeneration.“Climate change is 48 our forests now, not just in some distant future. Maybe in areas where there are really 49 seed sources, there could be some trees, but it is becoming really hard to get these trees back due to climate change,”said study co-author Kim Davis.The problem probably won’t get any better, as climate change is making intense wildfires much more 50 . Western foresters say there used to be a fire season. But devastating and 51 fires have become a reality all year long. In 2018, fire cost California more than $9.05 billion, according to the USA insurance commissioner, the deadliest and most destructive wildfire season in the 52 history.A higher number of fires and low seed availability means a high probability that these trees in these regions won’t come back, Davis said. This study 53 on the driest and hottest areas of the Western forests, but researchers will next try to focus on how much will be impacted.54 , there are some things people can do to ease some of this problem. Forest management plans that reduce high-severity burns can help. Increasingly, forest managers are considering allowing some fires to burn under more moderate conditions, Davis said. Forest 55 can also replant trees after fire, at least in the areas where climate conditions will allow.41. A. convenient B. difficult C. encouraging D. frustrating42. A. ecologically B. apparently C. physically D. financially43. A. destroyed B. worsened C. extended D. established44. A. necessary B. enormous C. critical D. invisible45. A. accelerated B. delayed C. eliminated D. strengthened46. A. transform B. spread C. preserve D. escape47. A. extinction B. decline C. tragedy D. increase48. A. sustaining B. abandoning C. facilitating D. endangering49. A. sufficient B. limited C. moderate D. approximate50. A. occasional B. common C. essential D. temporary51. A. astonishing B. hopeless C. costly D. irreversible52. A. world B. state C. human D. forest53. A. concentrated B. depended C. insisted D. commented54. A. As a result B. For example C. In fact D. What’s more55. A. savers B. managers C. researchers D. advocates参考答案：41-55: BABCA BBDAB CBACB2020届闵行区高三英语二模ng passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The term “staycation”means vacations that you take at home or near your home rather than traveling to another place. It is closely connected with less pollution, saving money and not contributing to the overwhelming disorder that takes place in some of the world's most touristic areas. The concept of staycation was born at the time of the 2008 market 41 in the United States. Because of it, many households were forced to 42 their expenses and consequently limit their vacation budget. The shortage of money to travel abroad is at the origin of why many people started to (re) discover their most 43 surroundings.At the same time, awareness of the 44 impacts of tourism, especially on what concerns the impacts of transportation, started to increase too. And so did the perception that some of the main cities (abroad) are increasingly overloaded with people-- with places such as Barcelona, Venice, or the Seychelles planning on 45 a tourist cap.Staycation appears like a great solution for the 46 above mentioned. It is a great way of spending joyful vacations while helping one's 47 and the environment. 48 , staying close to home eliminates the budget for accommodation and transport.Apart from the financial 49 gained by leaving behind expensive plane tickets or by not booking hotel rooms that aren't cheap, staycation also has the benefit of keeping harmful50 in the ground. Cars, boats, and planes are not (or are less) used; 51 , other means of transport such as public transport, bicycles, electric scooters or just walking are favored.This allows people's carbon footprints not to 52 as much as they would if long distances had been traveled.A staycation is a form of alternative tourism that is fully in line with the slow tourism trend. Slow tourism invites you to live in the 53 moment. It encourages you to take your time, discover nearby landscapes, reconnect and spend more time outdoors in nature with the people you enjoy, There are no fully-booked days, and there is no 54 to go from one activity to another just to stay busy all the time.Given the multiple 55 of local tourism, you no longer have a reason to be embarrassed at the coffee machine at work when you are asked where you are going on vacation this year.41. A. value B. sector C. crisis D. shares42. A. restrict B. bear C. avoid D. meet43. A. cheerful B. immediate C. polluted D. attractive44. A. limited B. financial C. cultural D. environmental45. A. introducing B. stopping C. postponing D. raising46. A. challenges B. assessment C. tasks D. applications47. A. voyage B. mind C. pocket D. hometown48. A. In addition B. For example C. In fact D. On the contrary49. A. services B. advice C. resources D. savings50. A. emissions B. exposure C. vehicles D. strategies51. A. therefore B. instead C. however D. moreover52. A. last B. fall C. increase D. change53. A. historic B. present C. critical D. climatic54. A. good B. harm C. blame D. rush55. A. advantages B. challenges C. platforms D. themes参考答案：CABDA ACCDA BCBDA2020届浦东新区高三英语二模Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Communication, One Major Part of the Scientific Method Scientists may feel it their duty to share their guesses, methods, and findings with the rest of the scientific community. This sharing serves two __41__. First, it supports the basic deal of skepticism（怀疑论）by making it possible for others to say, “Oh, yeah? Let me check that.” It tells others where to see what the scientist saw, and what techniques and tools to use. Second, it gets the word out so that others can use what has been discovered. This is essential because science is a(n) __42__ efforts. People who work thousands of miles apart build with and upon each other’s discoveries.The communication of science begins with “peer review”, a process of __43__ an author’s scholarly work, research or ideas to the inspection of other experts. It typically has three stages. The first occurs when a scientists seeks funding - from government agencies, foundations, or other__44__ -- to carry out a research program. He or she must prepare a report describing the intended work, laying out background, hypotheses（假设）, planned experiments, expected results, and even the __45__ impacts on other fields. Committees of other scientists then __46__ the report to see whether the scientist knows his or her area, has the necessary abilities, and is realistic in his or her plans.Once the scientist has the needed __47__, has done the work, and has written a report of the results, that reports will go to a scientific journal. Before publishing the report, the journal’s editors will show it to other workers in the same or __48__ fields and ask whether the work was done adequately, the conclusion are justified, and the report should be published.The third stage of peer review happens are publication, when the broader scientific community gets to see and __49__ the work.This three-stage quality-control process can, of course, be faulty. Any scientist with independent wealth can __50__ the first stage quite easily but such scientists are much, much rarer today than they were a century or so ago. Those who remain are the object of envy. __51__ , it is fair to say that they are not disapproved as were those who avoid the latter two stages of the “peer review” mechanisms by using press conferences.On the other hand, it is certainly possible for the standard peer review mechanisms to __52__. By their nature, these mechanisms are more likely to __53__ ideas that are not different from what the reviewers think they already know. Yet the un-traditional or unconventional ideas are not __54__ wrong, as Alfred Wegener proved when he tried to gain __55__ for the idea of continental drift in the early twentieth century. It was not until the 1960s that most geologists accepted his ideas as genuine insights.41. A. purposes B. duties C. interests D. needs42. A. innovative B. prospective C. cooperative D. plain43. A. accustoming B. addicting C. restricting D. subjecting44. A. projects B. sources C. unions D. departments45. A. stronger B. more limited C. more dramatic broader46. A. Look up B. go over C. long for D.. call for47. A. funds B. fields C. impacts D. experiments48. A. different B. chosen C. related D. academic49. A. substitute B. create C. judge D. undertake50. A. reach B. mark C. hold D. skip51. A. Similarly B. Contrarily C. Surely D. Therefore52. A. fail B. function C. evolve D. work53. A. convey B. overlook C. reject D. approve54. A. necessarily B. particularly C. dramatically D. terribly55. A. confidence B. acceptance C. strength D. weight参考答案：41-55ACDBD BACCD CADAB2020届松江区高三英语二模Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.An artificial intelligence can accurately translate thoughts into sentences, at least for a limited vocabulary of 250 words. The system may bring us a step closer to ___41____ speech to people who have lost the ability.Joseph Makin at the University of California, San Francisco, and his colleagues used deep learning algorithms(算法) to study the brain ___42___ of four women as they spoke. The women, who all suffer from a certain kind of brain disorder, already had electrodes attached to their brains to monitor disease attacks.Each woman was asked to read aloud from a set of sentences as the team ___43___ brain activity. The largest group of sentences ___44___ 250 unique words. The team fed this brain activity to a network algorithm related to nerves, training it to ___45___ regularly occurring patterns that could be linked to repeated aspects of speech. These。