How+to+polish+your+sentences

Ⅳ:Using phrases instead of words
made up __ mind 1.I have ____ __ my ___ to study English better this term.
(同义词decide)
have __ ___ 2. I ____ no idea how to enlarge my vocabulary. (同don’t know) 3. We’ll take the matter into consideration (同consider) ___ ___ __________. is ___ __ 4.Hu Qianlong __ fond of music so much that he spends much time on it. (同like) 5. I hold ___ view that having after-class activities can relax and ___ the ___ ___ refresh ourselves.(同think)
Zhou Yi learns English well. She is good at Maths, too.
3. As far as I’m concerned, I think we should do more exercise.
Ⅱ:Avoiding Chinglish
1. Good good study, day day up. 2. Because it was raining, so we stayed at home. 3. I’m difficult to answer the question. 4. He very likes playing basketball. 5. Please look for the police if you have problems.

_w__h_ic_h__ surprised me greatly. 3) The boy was away from home for a week,
_w_h__ic_h__w_o_r_ri_e_d_h_i_s_p_a_r_e_n_t_s_v_e_r_y_m__u_c_h___
(这使他父母很担心).
4) The fire lasted for a whole night,
_w__h_i_c_h__c_a_u_s_e_d__g_r_e_a_t_d__a_m__a_g_e_ (这造成了极大的破坏).
Working out the rules
1)__A_s_ is known to all, the Moon travels around the Earth.
Exploring the rules
1) These industries, in turn, give jobs to the local population, whose welfare depends on tourism.
2) The prices of tourist essentials such as transport, accommodation and food usually increase too, which brings even more wealth to the surrounding community.
Applying the rules
c
a
d b

Applying the rules
B3 In pairs, discuss more ways to be a sustainable tourist, using non-restrictive relative clauses.

大学英语四六级和托福作文评分标准全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1Writing Essays for Big Tests - What the Grown-Ups Look ForHey kids! Are you getting ready to take a really important English test like the CET4, CET6, or TOEFL? If so, you might have to write an essay as part of the test. Essays can be kind of tricky, but don't worry - I'm here to let you in on a secret about how the grown-ups score them. Listen up!The first thing the essay graders look at is your response to the prompt or question they gave you. Did you actually answer what they asked about? If your essay goes off in a totally different direction, they're going to mark you down. So read the prompt super carefully and make sure your whole essay is focused on responding to it properly.Next up is something called "development." That just means you need to explain your ideas thoroughly and give enough details and examples to back up your main points. The graders want to see that you really understand what you're writing about and can discuss it in-depth. No short, vague answers!The grown-ups also want your essay to be logically organized from head to toe. That means it has a clear introduction that previews what you'll be discussing, body paragraphs that are grouped into distinct, well-developed points, and a conclusion that wraps everything up nicely. Using transition words like "firstly", "additionally", and "in conclusion" can help make your organization sparkle.Speaking of introductions and conclusions, the graders pay close attention to those. Your intro needs to grab their attention and make them excited to read more. And your conclusion can't just awkwardly repeat everything - it should end with some final, profound thoughts that really drive your point home.Vocabulary is another biggie on these essays. The graders want to see that you know lots of advanced English words and can use them correctly in context. But don't just randomly throw in super obscure words to try and impress them. The vocab you use should be appropriate and relevant to what you're writing about.Your sentence structure is also important. The graders like seeing you use different kinds of sentences - simple, complex, compound, etc. Mixing it up keeps things interesting and showsyou have a good command of English grammar. Run-on sentences or sentence fragments are a no-no.Last but not least, the essay graders check for accuracy with things like spelling, punctuation, capitalization, and verb tenses. Nobody's perfect, but they want to see that you generally have really solid English writing skills. Too many careless mistakes can bring your score down.Those are the main things the grown-ups look for when scoring CET and TOEFL essays. Does it all make sense? Let me give you an example of what a top-scoring essay might look like:Prompt: Do you agree or disagree that younger generations today face more challenges than older generations? Use reasons and examples to support your answer.Here's how I would respond with an essay that checks all the boxes:In pondering the profound query of whether youth in the contemporary era must surmount heightened tribulations in comparison to their antecedents, a multiplicity ofthought-provoking perspectives emerge. On the one hand, millennials are arguably inundated by obstructions their elders scarcely comprehended - navigating a hyper-connected digitaldomain, ascending skyrocketing educational costs, and securing gainful employment amidst economic uncertainties, amongst other 21st century adversities. Concurrently however, previous cohorts unquestionably endured their own singularly daunting tests - World Wars, the Great Depression, rampant discrimination against marginalized groups, and a relative dearth of modern amenities and advancements we now blithely take for granted.In examining the challenges unique to the younger generations, arguably the most seismic has been the unparalleled rise of the internet and related technologies that have comprehensively revolutionized each aspect of daily life. While providing indisputable benefits in spheres of communication, information accessibility, and connectivity, the digital age has simultaneously fomented complex new hurdles. Cyber-bullying, clearly a scourge exclusive to this era, has been linked to heightened depression and suicide rates amongst youth. The ubiquitous nature of social media creates intense peer pressure and feelings of inadequacy, with youths constantly inundated by meticulously curated depictions of perceived perfection. Moreover, concerns have arisen that reducedin-person interaction may inhibit the development of crucial social skills, eroding interpersonal abilities.(Section analyzing challenges faced by previous generations...concluding that while this generation undoubtedly faces unique obstacles, every generation has its trials and it is unproductive to proclaim one had it decisively harder than another...)In contemplating the profound inquiry initially posed, it becomes evident that labeling one generation as definitively harder-tried is an intrinsically subjective and ultimately impossible proposition. While contemporary youth unquestionably face an array of novel, technology-driven vicissitudes alien to their progenitors, the latter population ineluctably grappled with their own generational gauntlets - the harrowing upheaval of World War, economic deprivations of a magnitude now unfathomable, and rampant discrimination that seems equally abhorrent to modern societal norms. Fundamentally, every era births its own crucible of adversity, a catalyst for the cultivation of resilience, adaptability, and character amongst each cohort. Rather than cynically proclaiming that we have persevered greater hardships, perhaps the wisest course is to honor the sacrifices of those who preceded us while celebrating that their indomitable perseverance has empowered today's generations to tackle tomorrow's inevitable challenges head-on. For indeed, it is only"by standing on the shoulders of giants" that each of us can collectively progress.Well, thanks for listening, kids! I know this was a lot to take in, but I hope it helps you feel prepared to write some awesome essays that will totally wow the graders. Just remember - follow the prompt, explain your thoughts in-depth, organize logically, write creatively, use advanced vocabulary appropriately, vary your sentences, and polish your grammar. You've got this! Now get out there and show those essay prompts who's boss. Happy writing!篇2Scoring Essays in Big Tests: What the Grown-Ups Look ForHey kids! Have you ever wondered how the big people score your essays when you take huge tests like the CET-4, CET-6, or TOEFL? It's not as simple as giving you a gold star for using your best handwriting! The grown-ups have a whole list of things they check to see how well you can write in English. Today, let's take a peek at what they're looking for!First up, they want to see if you really understood the essay question or prompt. It's like when your teacher asks you to write about your summer vacation – you wouldn't start ramblingabout your favorite video games, right? The grown-ups need to see that you paid attention to the topic and didn't just scribble about random stuff.Next, they'll check if your essay has a clear structure. Just like how a story needs a beginning, a middle, and an end, your essay should have an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. The intro should hook the reader and tell them what you'll be writing about. The body paragraphs are where you explain your main ideas with lots of details and examples. And the conclusion wraps everything up nicely with a final thoughts.But just having the right structure isn't enough! Thegrown-ups also want to see if you really know your stuff. They'll look for how well you developed your ideas and supported them with reasons, examples, and evidence. It's like building a giant sandwich – you need lots of yummy fillings and ingredients, not just two sad pieces of bread!Speaking of ingredients, the grown-ups will peek at the words, grammar, and sentences you used too. They love it when you use advanced vocabulary and varied sentence structures. But don't just throw in fancy words for the heck of it – they need to make sense and be used correctly. It's the same as trying to putketchup and ice cream on your sandwich – it might sound cool, but it would taste totally weird!Another thing they'll check is how well you organize and connect your ideas. Your essay shouldn't jump around like a kangaroo – it needs to flow smoothly from one point to the next. Use transition words like "firstly," "additionally," and "in conclusion" to guide the reader along.Last but not least, the grown-ups want to see that you can write in a way that's appropriate for an academic essay. That means no slang, no contractions (like "can't" or "wouldn't"), and no casual language that you'd use when chatting with your friends. You need to sound smart and formal, like a tiny professor!Phew, that's a lot to think about, huh? Don't worry, as long as you practice writing essays and keep all these things in mind, you'll totally impress the grown-ups with your amazing skills. Just remember to read the prompt carefully, organize your ideas, use lots of good examples and evidence, write in formal language, and check your grammar and vocabulary. You've got this!So, what do you think? Does this help you understand a bit better what the big people are looking for when they scoreessays? I know it's a lot of work, but writing well in English is an awesome superpower that will help you in school and beyond. Keep practicing, little ones, and you'll be essay masters in no time! Happy writing!篇3Grading Essays for Big Tests - What the Grown-Ups Look ForHey kids! Today we're going to talk about how thegrown-ups grade the essays you write for really important English tests like the CET-4, CET-6, and TOEFL. These are super big tests that decide if you get to go to a university or maybe even study abroad one day. So the people grading your essays have to be really fair and look at lots of different things.The first thing they check is if you understood the question or prompt they gave you. Did you write about the right topic? If you just rambled on about your dog instead of answering the essay question, you're gonna lose a bunch of points right off the bat. Paying attention to the prompt is job number one!Next up, the graders want to see if your essay is organized in a logical way. That means it has a clear introduction that tells the reader what you're going to talk about. Then the body paragraphs explain your main ideas one by one. And finally, aconclusion that wraps everything up nicely. Having a jumbled mess instead of an organized essay is a no-no.But just having the parts isn't enough - the graders also look at how well you connected all your ideas together. Your sentences and paragraphs need to flow smoothly from one thought to the next. Using transitionwords likefirstly, additionally, in contrast, etc. can help a lot with that.The grown-ups also want to see that you have a wide vocabulary. That means using lots of different advanced words instead of just repeating the same simple words over and over again. But be careful! You don't want to just randomly throw in hard words that don't make sense. The words you use should be appropriate for the context.Speaking of context, another thing the essay graders check is your grammar. Did you put your verbs in the right tense? Are your subjects and objects agreeing? Messy grammar can make your writing super confusing, so it's important to follow all the rules as best you can.The graders don't just look at the tiny details though - they also step back and consider the "bigger picture." Is your essay interesting and engaging for the reader? Did you thoroughly explain your main ideas and support them with relevantexamples and details? Or did you just skim over everything in a boring way? Having substantive, well-developed content is crucial.Last but not least, the essay raters want to see that you took a clear position on the topic and defended it with logical reasoning and persuasive arguments. It's not enough to just summarize some ideas - you need to analyze them critically and make a strong case for your perspective.Whew, that's a lot of stuff the grown-ups have to consider! They evaluate everything from how well you followed directions to your vocabulary, grammar, organization, logic and argumentation. It's a tough job, but it's the only way to ensure the test is fair for everyone.So the next time you take a big test like the CET or TOEFL, remember all these different criteria. If you work hard and follow all the guidelines, I'm sure your essay will earn a stellar score! Just don't stress too much, okay? You've got this!篇4Grading Essays is Serious Business!Hey kids! Do you know how your English essays get graded for really important tests like the CET-4, CET-6, and TOEFL? It's a pretty big deal, and the graders have to be super careful and follow some strict rules. Let me break it down for you in a way that's easy to understand.For the CET-4 and CET-6, which are tests that Chinese university students take, there are two main things the graders look at: your writing ability and your language ability. Writing ability means how well you can plan, organize, and develop your ideas in a clear and logical way. Language ability means how well you can use proper grammar, vocabulary, spelling, and sentence structure.The graders give scores from 0 to 9 for each of those two areas. A score of 9 is the best, and it means you're practically a writing genius! A score of 0 means you really struggled and need to work on those skills.For the writing ability part, the graders want to see that you can stick to the topic, have a clear main idea, and support it with relevant details and examples. They also look for good organization, like having an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. And they want to see that you can connect your ideas smoothly and use transitions well.For the language ability part, the graders check for accuracy in grammar, vocabulary, spelling, and sentence structure. They want to see that you can use a wide range of vocabulary words and complex sentence structures correctly. But they also care about things like word choice, style, and tone.Now, let's talk about the TOEFL essay! This test is taken by people all around the world who want to study at universities in English-speaking countries. The graders for the TOEFL essay look at a few main things:Your ability to answer the prompt or question completely and stay on topic.How well you can develop and support your ideas with relevant reasons, examples, and details.Your organizational skills, like having a clear introduction, body, and conclusion.Your language use, including grammar, vocabulary, and sentence structure.How well you can connect your ideas and use transitions smoothly.The TOEFL essay is graded on a scale from 0 to 5, with 5 being the best score. The graders are looking for essays that arewell-organized, have a clear position or main idea, provide good support and examples, and use language accurately and effectively.For both the CET and TOEFL essays, the graders also care about things like your creativity, your ability to express yourself clearly, and your overall writing style.It's important to remember that these graders are professionals who have been trained to evaluate essays fairly and consistently. They use specific grading rubrics or guidelines to make sure they're being objective and not just grading based on their personal preferences.So, if you're taking one of these important English tests, make sure you practice your essay writing skills and follow the graders' advice. Plan your essays carefully, organize your ideas logically, support your main points with good examples and details, and use accurate and varied language. With hard work and dedication, you can impress those graders and score high on your essays!篇5Writing is Super Hard! My Teacher Tells Me About the ScoringBoy oh boy, writing can be really tricky sometimes! My teacher Mrs. Johnson was telling our class all about how writing is scored for big tests like the CET-4, CET-6, and TOEFL. It sounded like a whole lot to remember!First up, she said the graders look at your task response. That means they check if you actually answered the question or did the writing assignment you were supposed to do. If you went totally off-topic, that's not good! You gotta stick to the task.Next is coherence and cohesion. Coherence means your writing fits together logically and makes sense as a whole piece. Cohesion is about how you connect your ideas smoothly between sentences and paragraphs using transitions and referencing. Pretty fancy words, right?Then there's lexical resource, which is basically your vocabulary. The graders want to see that you know lots of words and can use them correctly. But don't just stick in super rare words to show off - that's not a good strategy!The next thing is grammatical range and accuracy. Yikes, grammar is always hard! You need to show you can use different grammatical structures correctly, not just simple sentences. Things like clauses, relative pronouns, conditional sentences and more. No fragments or run-ons allowed!After that is organization. Your writing should have a clear introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion. Each paragraph needs a good topic sentence too. Basically, it has to be structured properly and not all jumbled.Mrs. Johnson said there's also something called register that gets evaluated. Register means using language that is appropriate for the situation - not too casual/conversational and not too formal either. You have to strike the right tone.Lastly, they look at your spelling, punctuation, capitalization and other mechanics of writing. These little details may seem small, but they're important!Whew, that's a whole lot to think about when writing! Mrs. Johnson said the different tests weight the scoring areas a little differently, but those are the main things graders focus on.On the CET tests, task response is like the most crucial thing - if you didn't do the assigned task properly, you'll lose a bunch of points no matter what. The TOEFL writing also really emphasizes your ability to develop and support your ideas thoroughly.For the CET-4 and CET-6 writing, organization and coherence are super important since you have to write fairlybasic compositions and letters. Using lots of fancy vocabulary isn't as crucial.But for TOEFL writing tasks like essays and integrated tasks, you really need to show off your advanced vocabulary and ability to analyze academic sources. Just having simple vocabulary and grammar won't get you a high score.No matter which test, the graders definitely don't want to see you just rambling on without a clear point or tons of language mistakes and errors. Everything has to be polished and purposeful.I'm really glad Mrs. Johnson went over all this scoring criteria stuff with us. It makes me realize how much amazing work goes into evaluating pieces of writing! I've got a lot to learn before I have to take tests like these.But Mrs. Johnson said the most important thing is to just practice writing as much as possible on all different topics. The more I write, the better I'll get at putting my ideas into words and using English properly. It's a skill that takes a whole lot of time and effort.Writing may be super hard, but I'm going to keep working at it. One day I'll be able to write amazing essays and compositionsthat will blow those test graders away! Well, at least that's the dream. Wish me luck!篇6Scoring Essays: A Kid's GuideHey kids! Have you ever wondered how teachers score the essays you write for big tests like the College English Test Band 4 and 6 or the TOEFL? It's not just about checking your spelling and grammar. The graders look at several things to see how well you can write in English. Let me break it down for you!For the CET-4/6 writing tasks, the graders have a rubric with four main criteria:Task CompletionThis one is super important. You have to answer the question or complete the writing task that was asked. If you just write about something random, you'll lose a ton of points! Be sure to respond to all parts of the prompt.Coherence and CohesionYour essay needs to flow smoothly and make sense from start to finish. Use transition words like "first", "next", "inaddition" to connect your ideas. Having a clear structure with an introduction, body paragraphs and conclusion also helps.Lexical ResourceFancy vocabulary time! You want to use a wide range of words and phrases to express your thoughts precisely. But don't just throw in big words you don't understand - that could backfire. Aim to use vocabulary you've learned appropriately.Grammatical Range and AccuracyGraders check that you can use different grammar structures correctly, like tenses, clauses, articles and more. Simple mistakes are okay, but try your best to avoid repeated errors.For the TOEFL writing section, there are a few more criteria the graders consider:Essay ResponsesJust like the CET, you must respond fully to the writing prompt or question. Graders want to see that you understood what was asked.Coherence and CohesionYour ideas should be logically organized, with clear transitions and connections between sentences and paragraphs.Lexical ChoiceUsing precise and academic vocabulary appropriate for the context is important. Vary your word choices and avoid repeating the same words too much.Grammatical ConventionsCorrect grammar, spelling, punctuation and sentence structure - the basics of writing well in English. Making too many errors makes your essay hard to understand.DevelopmentHere's where you really show your English skills! The graders look at how fully you develop your ideas with relevant explanations, details and examples to support your main points.OrganizationA well-structured essay with an engaging introduction, clear thesis statement, supporting body paragraphs and a conclusive ending. Transitions should guide the reader through your ideas.Seems like a lot, doesn't it? But you've got this! Just practice writing as much as you can. Read high-scoring sample essays to see what good writing looks like. And most importantly - don'tstress too much. The graders aren't expecting perfection, but they do want to see your best effort.Now get out there and wow those essay graders with your awesome English skills! You've got this in the bag!。

After studying English with the dictionary, I can memorize words easily and solve problems quickly. It is a great helper for my study, so I suggest that everyone should buy one for yourself. (王健超)
(example sentence) The example sentences are easy to understand, which helps us have a better understanding of a certain word. (陈晓杉)
How to improve it? Para 2：如何描述词典的特色?
Here are some related phrases.
短语积累 •language learning strategy •form the habit of... •enlarge one’s vocabulary •look up a word in the dictionary •the effective ways to do sth. •have a good command of •have an advantage over... •develop one’s interest •be of much help to... •be used to do...
Hello, everyone! …………………………………………………..
Thank you for listening.
Outline
背景： 在班会课上向同学推荐一本英英词典