（2018二）
D
We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
What’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.
Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease(润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. ＂Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,＂he explains. ＂The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.＂In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. ＂It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,＂says Dunn. ＂But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.＂
Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. ＂Small talk is the basis of good manners,＂he says.
32. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?
A. Addiction to smartphones.
B. Inappropriate behaviours in public places.
C. Absence of communication between strangers.
D. Impatience with slow service.
33. What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?
A. Showing good manners.
B. Relating to other people.
C. Focusing on a topic.
D. Making business deals.
34. What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?
A. It improves family relationships.
B. It raises people’s confidence.
C. It matters as much as a formal talk.
D. It makes people feel good.
35. What is the best title for the text?
A. Conversation Counts
B. Ways of Making Small Talk
C. Benefits of Small Talk
D. Uncomfortable Silence
（2017二）D
When a leafy plant is under attack ，it doesn’t sit quietly. Back in 1983,two scientists,Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin,reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds,VOCs for short.
Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being at tacked .It’s a plant’s way of crying out.But is anyone listening?Apparently.Because we can watch the neighbours react.
Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.But others do double duty .They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.Once they arrive,the tables are turned .The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.
In study after study,it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors .The damage is usually more serious on the first plant,but the neighbors ,relatively speaking ,stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.
Does this mean that plants talk to each other? Scientists don’t know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry. So information was exchanged, but it wasn’t a true, intentional back and forth.
Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There’s a whole lot going on.
32. What does a plant do when it is under attack?
A. It makes noises.
B. It gets help from other plants.
C. It stands quietly
D. It sends out certain chemicals.
33. What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in paragraph 3?
A. The attackers get attacked.，
B. The insects gather under the table.
C. The plants get ready to fight back.
D. The perfumes attract natural enemies.
34.Scientists find from their studies that plants can .
A.predict natural disasters
B.protect themselves against insects
C.talk to one another intentionally
D.help their neighbors when necessary
35.what can we infer from the last paragraph?
A.The word is changing faster than ever.
B.People have stronger senses than before
C.The world is more complex than it seems
D.People in Darwin’s time were more imaginative.
（2017三）D
The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.
Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated(隔绝) and inactive.
Led by Professor Phil Blythe, the Newcastle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.
These include custom-made navigation(导航) tools, night vision systems and intelligent speed adaptations. Phil Blythe explains: “For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.”
“But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills. The result is that people stop driving before they really need to.”
Dr Amy Guo, the leading researcher on the older driver study, explains, “The DriveLAB is helping us to understand what the key points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems.
“For example, most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly, we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. We’re looking at the benefits of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that.
“We hope that our work will he lp with technological solutions(解决方案) to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel.”
32.What is the purpose of the Drivel AB?
A.To explore new means of transport.
B.To design new types of cars.
C.To find out older driver`s problems.
D.To teach people traffic rules.
33.Why is driving important for older people according to Phil Blythe?
A.It keeps them independent.
B.It helps them save time.
C.It builds up their strength.
D.It cures their mental illnesses.
34.What do researchers hope to do for older drivers?
A.Improve their driving skills.
B.Develop driver-assist technologles.
C.Provide tips on repairing their cars.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/417308132.html,anize regular physical checkups.
35.What is the best title for the text?
A.A new Model Electric Car
B.A Solution to Traffic Problem
C.Driving Service for elders
D.Keeping Older Drivers on the Road
（2015一）D
Conflict is on the menu tonight at the caféLa Chope. This evening, as on every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of France’s favorite pastimes, coffee drinking and the “talking cure”. Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings. It isn’t always easy. They customers-some thirty Parisians who pay just under $2 (plus drinks) per session-care quick to intellectualize (高谈阔论)，slow to open up and connect. “You are forbidden to say ‘one feels,’ or ‘people think’,”Lehane told them. “Say ‘I think,’ ‘Think me’.”
A café society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldn’t seem more un-French. But Lehanne’s psychology café i s about more than knowing oneself: It’s trying to help the city’s troubled neighborhood cafes. Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle-longer working hours, a fast food boom and a younger generation’s desire to spend more time at home. Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation. Cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, filling tables well into the evening.
The city’s“psychology cafes”,which offer great comfort ,are among the most popular places.Middle-aged homemakers,retirees,and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about love,anger,and dreams with a psychologist.And they come to Lehanne’s group just to learn to say what they feel.“There’s a strong need in Paris for communication，”says Maurice Frisch,a café La Chope regular who works as a religious instructor in nearby church.“People have few real friends.And they need to open up”.Lehanne says she’d like to see psychology cafes all over
France.“If people had normal lives,these cafes wouldn’t exist,”she says.“If life weren’t a battle,people wouldn’t need a special place just to speak.”But then,it wouldn’t’ be France.
32.What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La Chope?
A. Learn a new subject
B. Keep in touch with friends.
C. Show off their knowledge.
D. Express their true feelings.
33. How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes?
A. They are less frequently visited.
B. They stay open for longer hours.
C. They have bigger night crowds.
D. They start to serve fast food.
34. What are theme cafes expected to do?
A. Create more jobs.
B. Supply better drinks.
C. Save the cafe business.
D. Serve the neighborhood.
35. Why are psychology cafes becoming popular in Paris?
A. They bring people true friendship.
B. They give people spiritual support.
C. They help people realize their dreams.
D. They offer a platform for business links
(2015二) D
Choose Your One-Day Tours
小希老师给同学们总结了2018高考英语真题所有阅读理解的A篇，适合高中各个年级的学生练习及备考使用。 【全国Ⅰ卷】 A Washington, . Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, . Duration: 3 hours This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, . Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability – and the cherry blossoms – disappear! Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration: 3 hours (4 miles) Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, . Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, . Duration: 3 hours Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for . newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, . in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
历年高考英语阅读-20
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历年高考英语阅读 (1990年)-20 Benin Benin is one of the smallest African states. It lies in West Africa on the Gulf(海湾)of Guinea, to the south of Burkina Faso and Niger, between Togo on the west and Nigeria on the east. Benin used to be called Dahomey and was controlled and ruled by France from 1893 to 1960, when it became independent(独立). In 1963 the army general Soglo overthrew(推翻)the first president Maga. Soglo set up an army government and called himself head of state in 1965, but was overthrown and replaced(取代)by a civilian(非军人)government in 1967. In December 1969 Benin had another change of power with the army again taking over(接管). In May 1970, Maga and two other men set up a new government, with each of them acting as president in turn for two years. However, half a year after Maga turned over power to the second man Ahomadegbe, the three-man government was overthrown by the army once more and General Kerekou became president. In November 1975 Kerekou changed the name of the nation from Dahomey to Benin, Benin being the name of a 17th century kingdom covering the same place.Kerekou also announced that Benin would be a People's Republic based on Marxism-Leninism. 81.Which of the following maps shows rightly the positions of Benin and its neighbouring countries?(Bn=Benin ; Tg=Togo ; Nr=Niger ; BF=Burkina Faso ; Na=Nigeria ; GG=Gulf of Guinea) 82.For how long was Benin under France? A.For over a century. B.For roughly a century. C.For over half a century. D.Under half a century. 83.For how long was Benin an independent state before it became a People's Republic? A.15 years. B.25 years. C.20 years. D.30 years. 84.Choose the right order in which the following people ruled in Benin. (Ah=Ahomadegbe; Ke=Kerekou; Ma=Maga; So=Soglo) A.So, Ma, Ah, Ma, Ke B.Ma, So, Ma, Ke, Ah C.So, Ma, Ke, Ma, Ah D.Ma, So, Ma, Ah, Ke 85.When and how did Benin get its two names-Benin and Dahomey? A.Dahomey was its oldest name, but it has been replaced by Benin. B.Benin was its oldest name. The name Dahomey was used later, but has been replaced by Benin again. C.Dahomey was its oldest name. The name Benin was used later, but has been replaced by Dahomey again. D.Benin was its oldest name, but it has been replaced by Dahomey.
高考阅读高频词 1.alter v. 改变,改动,变更5.consume v. 消耗,耗尽15.campus n. 校园 6.split v. 劈开；割裂；分裂a.裂开的9.slip v. 滑动,滑落；忽略 10.slide v. 滑动,滑落n. 滑动；滑面；幻灯片 16.liberal a. 慷慨的；丰富的；自由的17.transform v. 转变,变革；变换 18.transmit v. 传播,播送；传递19.transplant v. 移植 20.transport vt. 运输,运送n. 运输,运输工具22.vary v. 变化,改变；使多样化23.vanish vi. 消灭,不见26.suspicious a. 怀疑的,可疑的 https://www.doczj.com/doc/417308132.html,d a. 温暖的,暖和的；温柔的,味淡的28.tender a. 温柔的；脆弱的 29.nuisance n. 损害,妨害,讨厌（的人或事物）46.stimulate vt. 刺激,激励 39.extraordinary a. 不平常的,特别的,非凡的47.acquire vt. 取得,获得；学到51.tidy a. 整洁的,整齐52.trace vt. 追踪,找到n. 痕迹,踪迹 62. academic a. 学术的；高等院校的；研究院的70. oblige v. 迫使,责成；使30.insignificant a. 无意义的,无足轻重的；无价值的糊的,不明确的 63. academy n.；学会高等）专科院校72. extent n. 程度,范围,大小,限度 73. exterior n. 外部,外表a. 外部的,外表的74. external a. 外部的,外表的,外面的79. decent a. 像样的,体面的82. sake n. 缘故,理由8. tendency n.趋向,趋势 86. tedious a. 乏味道,单调的, 4. scale n. 大小,规模；等级； 89. ultimate a. 极端的,最大的,最终的n. 极端90. undergo v. 经历,遭受 95. casual a. 偶然的,碰巧的；临时的；非正式的103. expel v. 驱逐,开除,
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1 “Congratulations, Mr. Jones, it’s a girl.” Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and bring forth a different answer from every man who hears these words. Some feel proud when they receive the news, while others worry, wondering whether they will be good fathers. Although there are some men who like children and may have had considerable experience with them, others do not particularly care for children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time. For other couples, pregnancy was an accident that both husband and wife have accepted willingly or unwillingly. Whatever the reaction to the birth of a child,it is obvious that the shift from the role of husband to that of father is a difficult task. Yet, unfortunately, few attempts have been made to educate fathers in this remobilization process. Although numerous books have been written about American mothers, only recently has literature focused on the role of a father. It is argued by some writers that the transiti on to the father’s role, although difficult, is not nearly as great as the transition the wife must make to the mother’s role. The mother’s role seems to require complete transformation in daily routine and highly innovative adaptation; on the other hand,the father’s role is less demanding and immediate. However, even though we mentioned the fact that growing number of women are working outside the home, the father is still thought by many as the breadwinner in the household. 1. According to the author, being a father______. A. brings a feeling of excitement to some men B. has a different meaning for those who have daughters C. makes some men feel proud and others uneasy D. means nothing but more responsibilities 2. It is stated in the passage that______. A. some parents are not prepared to have a child B. young couples do not like children at all C. working couples do not have much time to take care of their children
(A ) A coal-fire stove(炉灶)provided heating for Zhao Yaoqin's courtyard bungalow in a Beijing hutong all her life. This winter, however, the stove has disappeared from the 66-year-old's life, and an electric radiator takes its place beside her bed, a product of a government to use clean energy in the national capital. With the Olympics to be staged in Beijing next August, the city is determined to eliminate the use of coal within the Third Ring Road that circles the city before the Games. The project to replace the stoves with electric radiators has been part of the effort. When the city's four-month long heating season started on Thursday, coal-fired stoves, known as a big source of pollution in the big city, have disappeared from some 20,000 local households like Zhao's bungalow in the inner city "hutong" -- traditional alleyways(小巷) that date back centuries. "We used to boil water or bake bread on the stove," said Zhao, sounding sentimental(伤感) to the disappearance of the coal furnace from her life. Late in the 1990s, Beijing's air quality monitoring office found that the emissions(排放) of sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide from the hutong areas have been higher than the city's average in winter, mainly because of the coal stoves. With the project to switch to clean energy for heating launched in 1999, the emission level of the two poisonous substances decreased by 42 percent and 44 percent, respectively, this year from 2001 levels. Zhao said the fee for electrical heat for the entire winter was usually around 2,400 yuan (US$323) per household. With the government's subsidy（补贴）, however, she only needed to pay about 500 yuan, nearly the same price as that for coal. 1．Zhao Yaoqin’ example in the passage is to tell us that_______. A.people in Beijing using electric radiators to welcome the Olympics. B.people in Beijing are doing something to protect the environment. C.hutongs in Beijing have a long history. D.People pay more money to use electric radiators than before. 2. The underlined word eliminate probably means________ A. cut down. B. increase. C. get rid of. D. replace 3. We can infer from the passage that ______ A. Zhao Yaoqin has a strong and deep emotion with the use of coal-fire stove. B. The government will pay most of the fee. C. The air of Beijing has been badly polluted since 1990s. D. The people do not use coal eight months in one year. 4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. The clean air is important when the Olympics Games is held in Beijing. B. The success of the Olympics Games depends on the clean air. C. The government spare no effort to make the environment better. D. The emission level of poisonous substances will be low in 2008.
课题 :动词的时态语态 2011年高考真题 1. Planning so far ahead _____ no sense— so many things will have changed by next year. (全国 I. A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made 2. I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he ______ polite. (全国卷 I A. was just being B. will just be C. had just been D. would just be 3. When Alice came to, she did not know how long she _____ there. (全国卷 I A. had been lying B. has been lying C. was lying D. has lain 4. Experiments of this kind _____in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War. A. have conducted B. have been conducted C. had conducted D. had been conducted 5. Tom __________ in the library every night over the last three months. (北京卷 A. works B. worked C. has been working D. had been working 6. - Bob has gone to California. - Oh, can you tell me when he _________?(北京卷 A. has left B. left C. is leaving D. would leaving 7. ----That must have been a long trip. ---Yeah, it __________ us a whole week to get there. A. takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking 8. After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team _____ four days later. (上海卷 A. rescued B. was rescued C. has rescued D. had been rescued 9. Did you predict that many students ______ up for the dance competition? (上海卷
高考英语阅读理解专题汇编 (名师精选历年真题，高分背备，值得下载打印练习) 专题一：阅读理解之记叙文 A People have been burying the dead at Salem’s Hope Cemetery since 1833. The place is filled with old gravestones and gothic mausoleums(哥特式陵墓), the spirits of the dead hanging over the land like an early morning fog. Keeping watch, a few steps from the road with her skirt over the pedestal (基座), is Goldie Belle Taylor, her face weathered but otherwise in good condition. On this day, she is holding a bunch of pink roses because Goldie Belle always holds flowers. Someone makes sure of that. “And she has had fresh flowers in her hands for the last 150 years.” Karen Biery lives in Damascu Believe. five miles west of Hope Cemetery. She’s written a book based on the legend of Goldie Belle Taylor titled In 1886, at the age of two, young Goldie Belle used her hands to sop up (抹去) the left over elderberry juice from her father’s iron kettle. She died not long after from poisoning. She was the love of her dad’upset that he sold the family farm to buy the Italian made statue, which today marks her grave. At first, it was her father who brought the flowers and laid them in her hands. When he died in 1896, the flowers kept coming. Her flowers are different per season. Why do the flowers keep miraculously appearing? People have tried to find out by having camped by the statue, but not even the groundskeepers have been able to catch the criminal. It’s said that a fairy arrives at Hope Cemetery looking for the grave of her birth mother. She comes across Goldie Belle’s statue. graph 2 probably refers to________. 36. The underlined word “that” in para A. her face in good condition B. her bunch of pink roses
江苏高考英语任务型阅读解题技巧 江苏高考英语任务型阅读解题技巧 【考点一】考查考生的阅读理解能力 阅读理解能力是高考试题的主要考查内容.除了阅读理解题型外,完形填空和任务型读写题型也都兼具考查考生的阅读理解能力.任务型读写题中的阅读能力同样要求考生在有限的时间内快速领会文章的主旨大意,快速理解句段细节意义和理清上下文的逻辑关系,要能够理解文章作者的观点、态度和意图,同时不能忽视对语篇的整体把握和领悟.任务型读写的体裁主要是说明文和议论文. 【考点二】考查考生对文中有效信息进行筛选、整合和综合概括能力. 1．信息筛选题 信息筛选题是基础题目,一般可以直接通过将表格和短文进行对照,边读文章边找出与试题相关的句子信息,获取到相关单词,有时试题和原文句型句式不同,需进行简单的逻辑推理然后找到相应单词,不需变化,直接填入. 2．整合转换题. 整合转换题是典型的二次加工题型,需要考生有基本的构词法知识,对句子成分和词性的对应关系要明确.做题时,不但要找到与试题相关的句子信息,还要根据词法和句法知识以及上下文的逻辑关系进行加工,从而提炼出新词.可细分为如下两种情况: （1）词形整合转换.被考查单词在原文和试题中充当的句子成分不同,因而需在名词、动词、形容词、副词等之间进行转换.
（2）句型整合转换.试题中的被考查单词在原文中找不到同根词,无法获取单词进行转换,需根据原文中相应句子的意义和上下文逻辑联系进行句型转换. ①表格内词性、大小写和语法运用上要保持一致.同一单元格要注意在用词方面保持一致的格式. ②善用同义词和反义词进行转换. ③正确使用构词法. ④熟练运用语法句型转换. 3．综合概括题. 综合概括题要求考生对全文或段落进行总体语篇把握,通过观察表格的设置特点,从而归纳和概括出所考查的单词.此类设题一般位 于表格的第一行或第一列.为了更快捷地掌握概括能力,总结和熟记 一些概括性词汇及其固定搭配也是很有必要的.下面举一些基本的概括性词汇: 总结、概括:conclusion,summary 建议:suggestion,tip,advice,proposal,recommendation影 响:effect,influence,impact印象:impression 因果:reason,cause;result,consequence 1．审题思路 （1）一审表格结构.注意文章内容脉络,标题和所需的表达类型. （2）二审短文意义.注意文章的段落和表格的匹性. （3）三审语法运用.注意涉及到的构词法和语法项目. 2．词性与句子成分的一致性关系 英语中的十大词类均在句子中充当成分,记住词性与成分关系:
七选五六大解题策略 基础差也可得高分 1. 略读文章抓大意 以最快的速度跳跃式地浏览文章的大小标题、首段、每段的首句，以及表示句、段关系的连接性词语(特别是however, but等后的内容)等重要部分，以了解文章的基本结构和内容大意。事实上，一般只需花5～10秒阅读大小标题和第一段首尾句即可。 2. 重点阅读上下句 因为正确选项必定会与上下句之间语义衔接、逻辑通顺，解题时大多只看上句，或只看下句，就可基本确定答案。 事实上，如果没有时间来得及通读或细读，或者基础不够扎实即使读也读不懂，建议通过以下技巧，也基本上可以得满分。
3. 看看结构变轻松 在解题过程中，除了每做一道有把握的题后就在7个选项中将其画掉缩小范围外，通过观察语言结构也可将选择范围大大缩小，心情变得更加轻松，一般可将7个选项缩小到2～4个选项，碰对的机率大大提高。 (1)标题结构 如果考查段落标题，先看看其他标题的语言形式，同一文章中的几个段落小标题基本上是同一语言形式。如果其他标题是名词短语，该题答案也是名词短语；如果其他标题是祈使句，该题的答案也是祈使句。 (2)句子结构 如果正确选项只是某个句子的一个部分，就要看看空后这个部分是不是句子，如果是句子，看看是否有连词，如果没有连词，要选的正确选项就应是短语或是带有连词的从句。 如：
Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs. 36 , buy the best-fitting, best-built running shoes you can find. (2015新课标卷II) A. After six days B. For a good marathon runner C. Before you begin your training E. If they still feel good, you can begin running in them 解析：从句式结构上看，逗号后是祈使句，没有连词，正确答案要么是带有连词的从句，要么是一个短语，只有A、B、C、E四个选项符合，这样就缩小了选择范围；根据空前句中的preparation (准备)，和常识可知是“训练前”，故选C项。 4. 词语复现显神功
历年高考英语阅读理解高频词汇汇总 （资料来源：福建省教育厅阳光高考信息平台 https://www.doczj.com/doc/417308132.html, ） 1. alter v. 改变,改动,变更 2. burst vi.n. 突然发生,爆裂 3. dispose vi. 除掉；处置；解决；处理(of) 4. blast n. 爆炸；气流 vi. 炸,炸掉 5. consume v. 消耗,耗尽 6. split v. 劈开；割裂；分裂 a.裂开的 7. spit v. 吐（唾液等）；唾弃 8. spill v. 溢出,溅出,倒出 9. slip v. 滑动,滑落；忽略 10. slide v. 滑动,滑落 n. 滑动；滑面；幻灯片 11. bacteria n. 细菌 12. breed n. 种,品种 v. 繁殖,产仔 13. budget n. 预算 v. 编预算,作安排 14. candidate n. 候选人 15. campus n. 校园 16. liberal a. 慷慨的；丰富的；自由的 17. transform v. 转变,变革；变换 18. transmit v. 传播,播送；传递 19. transplant v. 移植 20. transport vt. 运输,运送 n. 运输,运输工具 21. shift v. 转移；转动；转变 22. vary v. 变化,改变；使多样化 23. vanish vi. 消灭,不见 24. swallow v. 吞下,咽下 n. 燕子 25. suspicion n. 怀疑,疑心 26. suspicious a. 怀疑的,可疑的 27. mild a. 温暖的,暖和的；温柔的,味淡的 28. tender a. 温柔的；脆弱的 29. nuisance n. 损害,妨害,讨厌（的人或事物） 30. insignificant a. 无意义的,无足轻重的；无价值的 31. accelerate vt. 加速,促进 32. absolute a. 绝对的,无条件的；完全的 33. boundary n. 分界线,边界 34. brake n. 刹车,制动器 v. 刹住（车） 35. catalog n. 目录（册） v. 编目 36. vague a. 模糊的,不明确的 37. vain n. 徒劳,白费 38. extinct a. 绝灭的,熄灭的 39. extraordinary a. 不平常的,特别的,非凡的 40. extreme a. 极度的,极端的 n. 极端,过分 41. agent n. 代理人,代理商；动因,原因
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷） A 在线教室提供了一个创新的、相关的以及交互式的学习环境。课程和在线教室是由教育部提供的。 这些在线课程： TDSB中学老师任教； TDSB
B 黑猩猩在某些方面是会互相合作的，比如在几方交战中集中在一起来保卫他们的领地。但是，除了满足成为社会生物的最低要求之外，他们在互相帮助方面却没有本能的因素。野生状态下的黑猩猩自己觅食。甚至母黑猩猩通常也不愿意跟他们的孩子分享食物,这些小猩猩从小就会自己觅食。 从本性上说，即便在实验室里，黑猩猩也不会分享食物。如果黑猩猩被放在笼子里，他能把一盘喂给他的食物拽进来吃掉，或者他可以不费吹灰之力就能把喂给隔壁笼子里邻居的一盘子食物拉到自己面前也吃掉的话，他就会很随便地任取一盘---他才不管他的邻居有没有饭吃。黑猩猩真的很自私。 从另一个方面讲，我们人类在孩提时代就特别能相互合作。在年幼时，他们就会互相帮助，分享信息以及共同参与从而实现一个目标。他发现如果18个月大的孩子看见手里满是东西的成年人心惊胆战试图开门时，几乎所有幼儿都会立即试图帮助他。 有理由相信那些去帮助，提醒和分享的欲望并不是别人教的，而是在年幼孩子们身上自然就拥有的。其中一个理由就是在大多数父母开始训练自己孩子行为社会化之前，这些本能在孩子们生长的较早阶段就已经显现出来。另外一个理由就是如果孩子们由于帮助别人被给予奖励，那么这种乐于帮助别人的行为品质就不会再进一步提高。第三个理由是孩子们社交智能的发展是超前于他们基本认知技能的，至少当跟黑猩猩比较时是这样的。托马塞洛做了一些测试，在肢体运动方面，孩子们并不比黑猩猩做得好，可是在社交领域里，他们的理解能力却明显要好得多。 孩子们思维所具备的和黑猩猩的思维所不具备的核心问题就是托马塞洛所谓的共享意向。此能力部分表现为他们可以从别人知道的或正在思考的得到他们想要的。但是，除此之外，甚至年龄更小的孩子也想成为这个共同目标的一部分。他们积极地要成为“我们”的一部分，而“我们”是个有着共同目标的组织。 C 厄尔尼诺，这是个西班牙语词汇，意思是耶稣孩提画像。它是被南美的渔夫命名的，南美渔夫注意到全球气候格局每2年到7年就会变化，而这就会造成在圣诞节期间捕鱼量的减产。厄尔尼诺表现为温暖的海水，每几年就会在西太平洋汇聚，当正常向西吹拂的海风减弱时，就会向东回流，或者从其他路径回流。 很多地方已经感受到气候影响的好坏。总的说来，厄尔尼诺给富裕的国家带来的好处要大于坏处。一项研究发现1997发生的强厄尔尼诺使得美国的经济增长了150亿美元，部分原因是由较好的农业收成带来的，连中西部地区的农田都获得额外的雨水。 但是印度尼西亚的森林由于气候极度干燥还会起火。巴西东南部多年的干旱状况正在恶化。虽然厄尔尼诺带来的大雨可以缓解加利福尼亚的干旱，但也可能会导致洪灾发生和其他的灾难。 发生在1997-1998年期间的强厄尔尼诺已经造成大约21000人死亡，全球损失可达360亿美元。但是几个月之前就警告厄尔尼诺会来，它发生的机理人们已经足够了解以至于政府是能够提前准备的。然而，按照海外发展研究所（ODI）的说法，在过去的20年里只有12%的救灾基金被用在提前降低灾难带来的风险上，而不是用在事后恢复生产和家园重建上。尽管有证据表明在降低风险上每花一美元相当于灾后重建至少拯救两个人。
高考英语阅读理解(Reading) [全真试题] 应用文 01 Answer the following questions by using the information taken from a dictionary page. (You may read the questions first) jaguar n. a type of large, yellow-colored cat with black markings found in the southwestern region of the US. and in Central and South America. jargon 1. n. speech that doesn’t make sense. 2. n. an unknown language that seems strange or impossible to understand. 3. n. a language made up of two or more other languages: His jargon was a mixture of French and English. 4. n. the special vocabulary of a field or profession: Her report on computers was field with jargon. jaunt 1. n. a trip taken for fun 2. v. to go on a brief pleasant trip: We jaunted to the country last Saturday . javelin1.n. a spear most commonly used as a weapon or in hunting 2. n. a light-weight metal or wooden spear that is thrown in track-and-field contests. 3.
题组一(2017年高考真题) Passage1(2017·全国新课标卷I，A) Pacific Science Center Guide ◆Visit Pacific Science Center’s Store Don’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome. ◆Hungry Our exhibits will feed your mind, but what about your body Our café offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The café is l ocated upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour Pacific Science Center closes. ◆Rental Information Lockers are available to store any belongs during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to