Ch5-a-EasyMock

配置控制 库开发工具包含一个内建的配置控制系统。可以随意修改和更新运用库开发工具创建的部件， MSC.EASY5 则将版本更新自动通知所有用户，并自动更新所有受影响的模型。
智能连接 运用库开发工具创建的部件不仅能定义方程及相关的输入和输出，还能定义该部件如何正确地 连接其它部件，这种“智能连接”模式可以确保不熟悉部件结构的用户能建立正确的连接。
统的研究
Ricardo® 动力传动系统
•自动变速器 •V 型带传动 •驱动循环仿真 •传动系响应和振动
•变速器速比、加减速 过程和对燃料消耗的 影响
•换档质量
•离合器参数匹配 •轴承负荷计算 •齿轮间隙
通过仿真，可以求解机、电、液系统的连续状态（或输出）量（如力、速度、电流、压力、 温度等）或离散状态（或输出）量（如开关）的时域响应。
线性分析 仿真分析工具包还包括一整套线性分析工具，可以实现： 完整形式的线性模型生成，包括系统特征值、特征向量、系统 A、B、C、D 矩阵、可观性 和可控性矩阵。 系统中任意两点之间的传递函数的生成。 Bode、Nichols 和 Nyquist 格式的频率响应分析。 根轨迹/稳定性裕量分析。 特征值计算和灵敏度分析。
应用库
MSC.EASY5 广泛的专业应用预定义模型库，是其进行多学科系统仿真的基础和超越同类软件 的重要特征。这些库由各自工程领域中的专家开发，因此您可以应用它们而不必首先成为一个专家。 您可以单独地、联合地或与您自己开发的模型部件一起使用这些库，来快速简便地建立复杂多学科 系统的可靠模型。对于同一种物理部件，MSC.EASY5 经常既提供较为简单的模型用于初步分析和 先期评价，也提供高度详细的模型，用于深入设计和详细评价。MSC.EASY5 当前提供的部分应用 库是与欧洲著名的工程咨询公司 Ricardo 共同开发的。

AN-000231Chirp Microsystems reserves the right to changeChirp Microsystems2560 Ninth Street, Ste 200, Berkeley, CA 94710 U.S.A Document Number: AN-000231EV_MOD_CH101 Evaluation Module User GuideTABLE OF CONTENTS1Scope and Purpose (3)2EV_MOD_CH101 Evaluation Module Board (4)2.1Pin Assignments (4)2.2Electrical Specifications (4)2.3Schematic (4)2.4Bill of Materials (5)3Configuration, Programming, and Operation (6)3.1Configuration and Programming (6)3.2Operation (6)4Mechanical Specifications (7)5Sensor Mounting and Beam Patterns (8)5.1Sensor Mounting (8)5.2Beam Patterns (8)6Revision History (10)LIST OF FIGURESFigure 1. View of EV_MOD_CH101 evaluation module with an omnidirectional acoustic housing (3)Figure 2. EV_MOD_CH101 Schematic (4)Figure 3. EV_MOD_CH101 Module Connection (EV_MOD_CH101 acoustic port is facing down) (5)Figure 4. Dimensions of the EV_MOD_CH101 assembly (7)Figure 5. Recommended EV_MOD_CH101 module mounting (8)Figure 6. Beam pattern measurements of module in 100 mm plate (raw linear LSB units left, normalized dB right) (8)Figure 7. Beam pattern measurements of an EV_MOD_CH101 (w/o a mounting plate) (9)LIST OF TABLESTable 1. EV_MOD_CH101 ZIF Connector Pin-Out (4)Table 2. Recommended Flat Flex Cable and Connector (5)Table 3. Bill of Material (5)Table 4. Geometric Dimensions for EV_MOD_CH101 (7)1SCOPE AND PURPOSEThis document details the specification, programming and operation of an EV_MOD_CH101-03-01 (referred to as the EV_MOD_CH101 in the remainder of this document) ultrasonic sensor evaluation module. The module board incorporates a CH101 Ultrasonic Sensor device with an omnidirectional acoustic housing assembly, a capacitor and an FPC/FFC connector. This evaluation module can perform pitch-catch and pulse-echo range-finding at distances from 4 cm to 1.2m. Several programming options are available for medium and short-range applications.Figure 1. View of EV_MOD_CH101 evaluation module with an omnidirectional acoustic housing2EV_MOD_CH101 EVALUATION MODULE BOARD2.1PIN ASSIGNMENTSPIN NAME DESCRIPTION1 INT Interrupt output. Can be switched to input for triggering and calibration functions2 SCL SCL Input. I2C clock input. This pin must be pulled up to VDD externally.3 SDA SDA Input/Output. I2C data I/O. This pin must be pulled up to VDD externally.4 PROG Program Enable. This pin must be pulled down to ground externally.5 RESET_N Active-low reset. This pin must be pulled up to VDD externally.6 VSS Power return.7 VSS Power return.8 VDD Power supply input. Connect to externally regulated 1.8V supplyTable 1. EV_MOD_CH101 ZIF Connector Pin-Out2.2ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONSPlease refer to DS-000331 CH101 Datasheet for information on the device’s electrical characteristics. Please note that the datasheet covers CH101 part numbers with different suffixes. Regardless, the electrical specifications in the datasheet still apply.2.3SCHEMATICElectrical connection to the EV_MOD_CH101 module is via an 8-pin 0.5 mm pitch flat flex cable (FFC) connector. Part numbers of the FFC connectors on the module PCB and the recommended FFC cables are shown in Table 2. The electrical schematic of the module, including the connector pinout and the connections to the EV_MOD_CH101 module, are shown in Figure 2. Note that the 0.1 μF decoupling capacitor, as recommended in the CH101 datasheet, is included in the module. Consult the CH101 datasheet and application notes for additional information on the electrical connections and operation.Figure 2. EV_MOD_CH101 SchematicEach EV_MOD_CH101 requires its own PROG and INT lines, the remaining connections can be shared. Refer to the CH101 datasheet for additional information.Module connections using a flat flex cable (FFC) are shown in Figure 3.Figure 3. EV_MOD_CH101 Module Connection (EV_MOD_CH101 acoustic port is facing down)FLAT CABLE CONNECTOR TYPE Molex 503480-0800RECOMMENDED FLAT CABLE Molex 151660073 (151660094)Table 2. Recommended Flat Flex Cable and Connector2.4BILL OF MATERIALSQUANTITY REFERENCE PART PCB FOOTPRINT MANUFACTURER MANUFACTURERPART NUMBER1 PCB PCB NA1 U1 CH101-03 Custom – 8 Pin TDK CH101-031 C1 100n 6.3V 20% X7R 0402 0402 TDK CGA2B1X7R1C104K050BC1 J1 Connector, FPC-FFC, 8-Pin 8Pin, 0.5 mm Pitch Molex 503480-0800Table 3. Bill of Material3CONFIGURATION, PROGRAMMING, AND OPERATION Please refer to DS-000379 CH101 Datasheet for information on the device’s electrical characteristics.3.1CONFIGURATION AND PROGRAMMINGPlease refer to the following documents for configuration and programming information:•AN-000154 SmartSonic Hello Chirp Hands-On Document•AN-000175 SonicLib Programmers Guide3.2OPERATIONPlease refer to the following documents for operating information:•AN-000155 CHx01 SonicLink Software Quick Start Guide•AN-000180 CH101 and CH201 SmartSonic Evaluation Kit Users Guide4MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONSDIMENSION EV_MOD_CH101 UNITAcoustic port hole 0.7 mmMaximum width 8.15 mmModule height 3.57 mmTable 4. Geometric Dimensions for EV_MOD_CH101The outer dimensions of the EV_MOD_CH101 assembly are shown in Figure 4. The acoustic port hole has a diameter of 0.7 mm and is in the center of the front face. During transducer operation, the port cannot be occluded or covered.Figure 4. Dimensions of the EV_MOD_CH101 assembly5 SENSOR MOUNTING AND BEAM PATTERNS5.1 SENSOR MOUNTINGTo achieve the best acoustic performance, users are recommended to mount the EV_MOD_CH101 module in a flat mounting plate. An example mounting plate is shown in Figure 5, where the sensor has been inserted into a 5.3 mm diameter hole has been drilled in a 1 mm thick plastic plate measuring 135 mm x 175 mm.Figure 5. Recommended EV_MOD_CH101 module mounting5.2 BEAM PATTERNSPulse-echo beam-pattern plots of the EV_MOD_CH101 module are shown in Figure 6. This beam-pattern was measured by placing a 1m 2 target at a 30 cm distance from the EV_MOD_CH101 module and recording the ToF amplitude as the sensor is rotated 180°. The plots are shown in both raw LSB units and normalized dB units, where 0 dB corresponds to the peak amplitude (5000 LSB) recorded on-axis. Chirp defines the field-of-view (FoV) as the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the beam pattern; in other words, the FoV is the range of angles over which the amplitude remains above half the peak amplitude (or -6 dB). When mounted in the recommended plate, the sensor’s FoV is approximately 180° and the pulse-echo amplitude diminishes relatively smoothly from 0° to ±80°.Figure 6. Beam pattern measurements of module in 100 mm plate (raw linear LSB units left, normalized dB right)CH101 sensor moduleFor comparison, the pulse-echo beam-pattern plot measured for an EV_MOD_CH101 when tested without a sensor mounting plate is shown in Figure 7. The beam pattern has three lobes: a main lobe and two side-lobes that are centered at ±45°. The sensor device will work well for detecting on-axis targets, but targets located at ±25° will have approximately 70% lower (-10 dB) amplitude, possibly resulting in poor range-finding performance.Figure 7. Beam pattern measurements of an EV_MOD_CH101 (w/o a mounting plate)(raw linear LSB units left, normalized dB right)6REVISION HISTORYREVISION DATE REVISION DESCRIPTION08/18/2020 1.0 Initial ReleaseThis information furnished by Chirp Microsystems, Inc. (“Chirp Microsystems”) is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Chirp Microsystems for its use, or for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications are subject to change without notice. Chirp Microsystems reserves the right to make changes to this product, including its circuits and software, in order to improve its design and/or performance, without prior notice. Chirp Microsystems makes no warranties, neither expressed nor implied, regarding the information and specifications contained in this document. Chirp Microsystems assumes no responsibility for any claims or damages arising from information contained in this document, or from the use of products and services detailed therein. This includes, but is not limited to, claims or damages based on the infringement of patents, copyrights, mask work and/or other intellectual property rights.Certain intellectual property owned by Chirp Microsystems and described in this document is patent protected. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Chirp Microsystems. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. Trademarks that are registered trademarks are the property of their respective companies. Chirp Microsystems sensors should not be used or sold in the development, storage, production or utilization of any conventional or mass-destructive weapons or for any other weapons or life threatening applications, as well as in any other life critical applications such as medical equipment, transportation, aerospace and nuclear instruments, undersea equipment, power plant equipment, disaster prevention and crime prevention equipment.©2020 Chirp Microsystems. All rights reserved. Chirp Microsystems and the Chirp Microsystems logo are trademarks of Chirp Microsystems, Inc. The TDK logo is a trademark of TDK Corporation. Other company and product names may be trademarks of the respective companies with which they are associated.©2020 Chirp Microsystems. All rights reserved.。

For Windows® and Linux®Worldwide WebSupport/Contents/Services/Technical-Support/Contact-Technical-Support.aspxDisclaimerThis documentation, as well as the software described in it, is furnished under license and may be used only in accordance with the terms of such license.MSC Software Corporation reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information contained in this document without prior notice.The concepts, methods, and examples presented in this text are for illustrative and educational purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to apply to any particular engineering problem or design. MSC Software Corporation assumes no liability or responsibility to any person or company for direct or indirect damages resulting from the use of any information contained er Documentation: Copyright © 2021 MSC Software Corporation. Printed in U.S.A. All Rights Reserved.This notice shall be marked on any reproduction of this documentation, in whole or in part. Any reproduction or distribution of this document, in whole or in part, without the prior written consent of MSC Software Corporation is prohibited.This software may contain certain third-party software that is protected by copyright and licensed from MSC Software suppliers. Additional terms and conditions and/or notices may apply for certain third party software. Such additional third party software terms and conditions and/or notices may be set forth in documentation and/or at /thirdpartysoftware (or successor website designated by MSC from time to time). Portions of this software are owned by Siemens Product Lifecycle Management, Inc. © Copyright 2021The MSC Software logo, MSC, MSC Adams, MD Adams, Adams and Easy5 are trademarks or registered trademarks of MSC Software Corporation and/or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries. Hexagon and the Hexagon logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Hexagon AB and/or its subsidiaries. NASTRAN is a registered trademark of NASA. FLEXlm and FlexNet Publisher are trademarks or registered trademarks of Flexera Software. Parasolid is a registered trademark of Siemens Product Lifecycle Management, Inc. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.Use, duplicate, or disclosure by the U.S. Government is subjected to restrictions as set forth in FAR 12.212 (Commercial Computer Software) and DFARS 227.7202 (Commercial Computer Software and Commercial Computer Software Documentation), as applicable.May 28, 2021Corporate Europe, Middle East, AfricaMSC Software Corporation MSC Software GmbH 5161 California Ave, Suite 200Am Moosfeld 13University Research Park 81829 Munich, Germany Irvine, CA 92617 Telephone: (49) 89 431 98 70Telephone: (714) 540-8900Email :**********************Email :********************************Japan Asia-Pacific MSC Software Japan Ltd.MSC Software (S) Pte. Ltd.KANDA SQUARE 16F 100 Beach Road 2-2-1 Kanda Nishikicho, Chiyoda-ku #16-05 Shaw Tower Tokyo 101-0054, Japan Singapore 189702Telephone: (81)(3) 6275 0870Telephone: 65-6272-0082Email :***************************Email :****************************Documentation FeedbackAt MSC Software, we strive to produce the highest quality documentation and welcome your feedback. If you have comments or suggestions about our documentation, write to us at: documentation-************************.Please include the following information with your feedback:⏹Document name⏹Release/Version number⏹Chapter/Section name⏹Topic title (for Online Help)⏹Brief description of the content (for example, incomplete/incorrect information, grammaticalerrors, information that requires clarification or more details and so on).⏹Your suggestions for correcting/improving documentationYou may also provide your feedback about MSC Software documentation by taking a short 5-minute survey at:.The above mentioned e-mail address is only for providing documentation specificfeedback. If you have any technical problems, issues, or queries, please contact TechnicalSupport.C o n t e n t sReference ManualPrefaceConventions Used in This Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xviii1 Reference Manual TopicsOverview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Accelerator Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Adding Components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Add Components Window. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Adding Components to the Schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Add Components by Name Reference. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Analyses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Nonlinear Analyses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Linear Analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Analysis Data Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Analysis Data Form Header. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Analysis Data Form. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Auxiliary Input File. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Analysis Title . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Time of the Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Initial Operating Point. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Model Explorer “Pickable” Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Auxiliary Input File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Creating an Auxiliary Input File. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Using an “auxfile” To Enter Blocks of Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Specifying a Label in an Auxiliary Input File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Auxiliary Input File Data Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 PARAMETER VALUES Command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Scalar Parameter Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Array Parameter Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Tabular Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26“Analysis Only” Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29viReference ManualOperations Allowed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Disabled Functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Creating a “Locked Configuration” Model for Distribution Purposes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Using a Locked Configuration Easy5 Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Background Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32C Component . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Adding C Code. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Example C Code Component . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Adding C Declarations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38C Code Files and Structure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Code Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Command Line Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Option Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Compiling External Code. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Default Compiler Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Obtaining Current Compiler Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Setting Debug Compiler Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45User Specified Compiler Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Examples of Compiling External Code. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Compiling and Linking Mixed Code. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Component Basics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Standard Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Code Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55User-defined Library Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Extension Components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Dimensioned Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Component Data Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Documentation/Configuration Tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60States Tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Variables Tab. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Version Tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67User-Comments Tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Connecting Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Rules for Connecting Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68Default Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68Port Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70Default Port Connection Points. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71Custom Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72Making a Branch Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74Connecting Incompatibly Vectorized Components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Connection Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76viiContentsMoving Connection Line Endpoints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Moving Connection Line Segments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Changing an Anchored Connection Back to an Autoroute Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Customized Line Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Defining Connection Line Labels and Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Connection Line Navigation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Submodel Connection Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Connection Label Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Moving Submodel Connection Nodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Connection Line Color Dots. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Copying Components and Models. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Copying Components within a Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Copying Components From or To Another Model. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Copying Components With User-defined Names. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..88 Data Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Data Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 States. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Debugging the Model and Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Example of Using the Symbolic Debugger on Windows. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Example of Using the Symbolic Debugger on a Linux Platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Deleting Components and Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Deleting Components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Deleting Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Discrete (Digital) System Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Operating Point Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Linear Analysis Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Integration Method Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Discrete (Digital) System Modeling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Digital Models. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Hybrid Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 Discrete System Modeling Using Fortran, C and LIbrary Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Matching TAU Method (obsolete). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 Documenting and Printing the Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Generating a Model Document File. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Exporting an Easy5 Model as a MAT EMX Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 MAT function “ezmodel”. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Easy5 Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Description Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112viiiReference ManualModel Info . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113Menu Bar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113Tool Bar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113Dockable Add Component WIndow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113Scroll Bars. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113Message Line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114Schematic Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114Working with Easy5 Windows. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Eigenvalue Sensitivity Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 Setting up an Eigenvalue Sensitivity Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 Eigenvalue Sensitivity Analysis Method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117Executable Model. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 Create Executable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119Link External Object. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120Solve Implicit Loops. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120Force Explicit Typing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120Check for Duplicate Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120Debug Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120Stop Create Executable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Executable Output Files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Create Executable Process. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121Model Generation Listing File. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122Executable Source File. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122Executable Error File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 External (Environment) Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124Fortran Component . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 Forced Explicit Typing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129Using Integer or Logical Variables in Fortran Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130Adding Nonexecutable Fortran Statements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131Reserved Fortran Unit Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132Adding Comments to Fortran Code. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132Easy5 Reserved Words. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132Calculating Initial Condition Values in a User-Code Component. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134Easy5 Matrix Operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134Sorting Fortran Component Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Function Scan Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Setting up a Function Scan Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136Function Scan with Two Independent Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 Function Scan Analysis Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139Graphic Files, EMFs, and PostScript. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Generating the Schematic Block Diagram EMF Graphics File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139Generating Plotter EMF Graphics File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141Using EMF Graphics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141ixContentsOverriding Hard copy and EMF Plot Curve and Grid Widths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Exporting Plot Files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Importing a PostScript File Into a Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 Icon Editor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 Implicit Model. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 Definition of an Implicit Model. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 Example of an Implicit Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 How to Break Implicit Loops. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Initial Condition Calculation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 Initialization Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 Integration Methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 The Integration Method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Integration Methods Available. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 Definition of Terms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 The BCS Gear Method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 The Runge-Kutta Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 The Huen Method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 The Euler Method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 The Adams Method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 The User-defined Method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 Integration Method Selection Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 Guidelines for Setting Error Controls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 Interactive Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 Linear Model Generation Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 Types of Linear Model Generation Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 Setting up a Linear Model Generation Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 Controlling the Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 Saving the Linear Model System Matrices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 Linear Model Generation Method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 Continuous Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 Stability Analysis for Sampled-Data Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 Linking External Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 Linking Routines Using the Build Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 Linking Routines Using the EASY5_OBJECT Variable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 Linking Routines Using an Object Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 Linking Library Component Routines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 Library Component Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 Using Variable Dimensions in Library Component Code. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 Using Integer or Logical Variables in Library Component Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 Component Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182。

Java开源测试工具汇总JUnitJUnit是由Erich Gamma 和Kent Beck 编写的一个回归测试框架（regression testing framework）。

Ju nit测试是程序员测试，即所谓白盒测试，因为程序员知道被测试的软件如何（How）完成功能和完成什么样（What）的功能。

Junit是一套框架，继承TestCase类，就可以用Junit进行自动测试了。

/CactusCactus是一个基于JUnit框架的简单测试框架，用来单元测试服务端Java代码。

Cactus框架的主要目标是能够单元测试服务端的使用Servlet对象的Java方法如HttpServletRequest,HttpServletResponse,HttpSess ion等/cactus/AbbotAbbot是一个用来测试Java GUIs的框架。

用简单的基于XML的脚本或者Java代码，你就可以开始一个GUI。

/JUnitPerfJunitperf实际是junit的一个decorator，通过编写用于junitperf的单元测试，我们也可使测试过程自动化。

/software/JUnitPerf.htmlDbUnitDbUnit是为数据库驱动的项目提供的一个对JUnit 的扩展，除了提供一些常用功能，它可以将你的数据库置于一个测试轮回之间的状态。

/MockrunnerMockrunner用在J2EE环境中进行应用程序的单元测试。

它不仅支持Struts actions, servlets，过滤器和标签类还包括一个JDBC和一个JMS测试框架，可以用于测试基于EJB的应用程序。

/index.htmlDBMonsterDBMonster是一个用生成随机数据来测试SQL数据库的压力测试工具。

http://dbmonster.kernelpanic.pl/MockEJBMockEJB是一个不需要EJB容器就能运行EJB并进行测试的轻量级框架。