2019-2020学年西安市长安区第一中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及答案解析
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2019-2020学年西安市长安区第一中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及答案解析
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Bob and Sue Harvey spent nine years as resident fellows in a dormitory at Sanford and in their bookVirtual
Reality and The College Freshman, they write “The Freshman oftenfaces an identity problem during the first
semester.” College is a more pressured environment than it used to be, in part because the academic gap between
high school and college has increased. Many college freshmen have never had to make independent decisions
about sex, drugs and alcohol. Most don’t know how to manage their time or money. They often feel lonely and
overwhelmed, resulting in anxiety and depression.
Nancy Corbin, director of clinical service for student-counseling (咨询) services at Iowa State University, says
her office is seeing a significant increase in requests for counseling from freshmen who are having trouble making
the adjustment to college life. She says older teenagers increasingly lack the skills to deal with personal problems
that aren’t easily defined or fixed. And they get homesick but have a hard time admitting it.
Parents and high schools can make things easier on freshmen by preparing them differently. For example, by
teaching them to budget their hours and dollars. The Harveys think high schools should offer a college-life course.
“Parents need to focus more on relationship and personal issues and less on how many sheets and towels to take,”
they say. Many homesick freshmen think they’ll be regarded as failures if they come home before Thanksgiving.
So parents can help by letting them know they’re welcome to return if they feel the need. In the meantime,
parents have to find new ways to keep in touch with their college kids. One of the best ways is e-mail. It’s less
unpleasant and less expensive than constant phone calls and is more likely to be answered than a handwritten
letter.
1. Why is the first semester difficult for freshmen in college?
A. Because they often fail in exams.
B. Because they lack time and money.
C. Because they are too homesick to make new friends.
D. Because they have to settle personal issues on their own.
2. In the last paragraph, it is suggested that ________. A. parents should stop buying anything for their kids
B. parents should develop a good relationship with their kids
C. parents should be taught how to send e-mails to their kids
D. parents should work with high schools in college-life courses
3. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?
A. Hard Life of College Freshmen B. Approaches to Trouble in College
C. Freshmen’s Adaptation Problems D. A Strange Phenomenon in College
B
Hardware in general,and smartphones in particular,have become a huge environmental and health problem
in the Global South's landfill sites(垃圾填埋场).
Electronic waste(e-waste) currently takes up 5 percent of all global waste,and it is set to increase rapidly as
more of us own more than one smartphone,laptop and power bank They end up in places like Agbogbloshie on
theoutskirts of Ghana's capital,Accra. It is the biggest e-waste dump in the world,where 10,000 informal workers
walk through tons of abandoned goods as part of an informal recycling process.They risk their health searching for
the precious metals that are found in abandoned smartphones.
But Agbogbloshie should not exist.The Basel Convention,a 1989 treaty,aims to prevent developed nations
from unauthorized dumping of e-waste in less developed countries.The e-waste
industry,however,circumventsregulations by exporting e-waste labelled as "secondhand goods' to poor countries
like Ghana,knowing full well hat it is heading for a landfill site.
A recent report found Agbogbloshie contained some of the most dangerous chemicals.This is not surprising:
smartphones contain chemicals like mercury（水银）,lead and even arsenic(砷).Reportedly, one egg from a
free-range chicken in Agbogbloshie contained a certain
chemical which can cause cancer and damage the immune system at a level that's about 220 times greater than a
limit set by the European Food Safety Authority(EFSA).Most worryingly,these poisonous chemicals are free to
pollute the broader soil and water system.This should concern us all, since some ofGhana's top exports are cocoa
and nuts.
Some governments have started to take responsibility for their consumers' waste.For example,Germanyhas
started a project that includes a sustainable recycling system at Agbogbloshie,along with a health clinic for
workers.However,governments cannot solve the problem alone, as there is an almost limitless consumer demand
