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英语阅读理解的题型

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英语阅读理解的题型

英语阅读理解的题型

作为⾼考英语试卷中题量最⼤、分值最多、难度最⾼的题型，⾼考英语阅读理解题在整个⾼中英语中⾄关重要。下⾯⼩编整理了⾼考英语阅读理解的常见题型以及解题⽅法，⼤家⼀起来看⼀下吧!

【⾼考英语阅读理解常见题型及解题⽅法】

⼀、主旨⼤意题

主旨⼤意题主要考查学⽣对所读材料(或所读材料⽚断)中⼼思想的概括。做这类题时，考⽣应通读全⽂，把握⽂章⼤意或中⼼思想，同时注意⽂章的主题句，因为主题句表达中⼼思想，其他句⼦均围绕主题句进⾏展开。主题句通常位于⽂章第⼀段⾸句、第⼀段末句或全⽂末句等地⽅，但位于段落中间(通常是第⼀段或最后⼀段的中间)也是完全可能的。主旨⼤意题的考查形式很多，如概括标题、主题、段意、中⼼思想等。请看浙江卷中的⼀个段落：

In the course of working my way through school, I took many jobs I would rather forget. But none of these jobs was asdreadful as my job in an apple plant. The work was hard; the pay was poor; and, most of all, the working conditions wereterrible.

◎What is the subject discussed in the text?

A. The writer’s unhappy school life

B. The writer’s eagerness to earn money

C. The writer’s experience as a full-time worker

D. The writer’s hard work in an apple plant

原⽂共有五个⾃然段，上⾯摘录的只是⽂章的第1个⾃然段，但是如果考⽣训练有素的话，只要读完这个段落就可猜出此题的答案了。因为⽂章第⼀句说In the course of working my way through school, I took many jobs I would rather forget，接着作者⽤but引出⼀个新的情况(即主题句)：none of these jobs was as dreadful as my job in an apple plant. 再接下来⼜说：Thework was hard; the pay was poor; and, most of all, the working conditions were terrible. 聪明的读者⾄此应该可以猜测到，下⾯的⼏个段落肯定是介绍这个apple plant 的work是如何的hard，它的pay是如何的poor，它的working conditions 是如何的terrible 等。⽐较四个选项，只有选项D所表述内容合乎上⾯的分析，故选D。

⼆、事实细节题

顾名思义，事实细节题即指针对⽂章的某个事实或细节⽽设置的试题。事实细节题的命题⽅法很多，如可能是对某个细节⽤同义结构转换后进⾏考查、也可能是将⽂章中的⼏个细节(通常是四个)放在⼀起要求考⽣判断是⾮(选出正确的⼀项或选出错误的⼀项)或对⼏个细节进⾏排序等。解答这类试题时，⼀个常⽤的⽅法就是运⽤定位法，即根据题⼲或选项中的线索词从原⽂中找到相关的句⼦，与选项进⾏⽐较从⽽确定答案(此时要特别注意⼀些常见的同义转换或简单换算)。请看安徽卷中的⼀道事实细节题：

Tuition Fees(学费)

Tuition fees are different from department to department, generally from $5,000 to $6,000 a year. For further information:**************.nz

Accommodation(住宿)

You can have a room in a 4-bedrcom flat, which will cost about $100 a month with other regular living costs of about$150amonthforoneperson.Forfurtherinformation:**************.nz

◎You have to pay at least ______ a year if you study at the University of Waikato.

A. $5,250 B. $8,000 C. $9,000 D. $11,000

根据Tuition fees⼀节的内容可知，⼀年的学费最低为5,000美元，再根据Accommodation(住宿)⼀节可知，除学费外，还有住宿费(每⽉100美元)和⽣活费(每⽉150美元)，即⼀年⼤约共3,000美元，所以在WaiKato⼤学读书⼀年⾄少要花费5,000+3,000=8,000美元，故答案为B。

三、代词指代题

这类题要求考⽣根据⼀定的上下⽂推测代词的指代意义，它主要考查考⽣在⼀定语境中对上下⽂逻辑关系的正确理解。做这类题时，考⽣不仅要读懂相关句⼦的句意，理顺相关句⼦的逻辑关系，⽽且还要学会合理变通，尤其要学会变通理解其中的`同义表达。请看天津卷中的⼀个⽚断和⼀个道词义猜测题：

Many creative thinkers state that they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, oftenover fairly long periods of time. Indeed, it would be strange if they had not done this. Nothing in such statements supports theidea that there is anything very different about the problem solving that leads to discoveries of the great contributions to thesociety. The act of discovery, even in the relatively predictable(可以预见的) sense that it occurs in everyday learning,involves(涉及) a “sudden insight” which changes the problem situation into a solution situation. As we have seen, everydaydiscovery also requires that the learner have the knowledge of the rules gained in the past, which is involved in the solution.

◎What does the underlined word “this” refer to?

A. Great contributions to the society.

B. Long-time study of the subject matter.

C. Various statements about problem solving.

D. Complete devotion to artistic creation.

此题答案选B。答案的直接依据是⽂章中的Many creative thinkers state that they have completely devoted themselves tothe subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time. Indeed, it would be strange if they had not done this 这两句话。从句意和句⼦结构上看，this在此指代的应是they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of theproblem, often over fairly long periods of time，⽐较四个选项，只有B与之吻合，因为选项中的long-time与原⽂中的over fairlylong periods of time属同义表达，选项中的study of the subject matter 与原⽂中的devoted themselves to the subject matter ofthe problem属同义表达。

四、词义猜测题

即要求考⽣根据⼀定的上下⽂猜测⽣词的词义。它是⾼考英语阅读理解中的⼀个难点，同学们应引起充分重视。猜测⽣词词义的⽅法很多，常⽤的有同义解释法、因果推断法、前后对⽐法、基本构词法、语境理解法、举例说明法、常识背景法、类属分析法等。请看安徽卷中⼀道词义猜测题：

More American people take their troubles with them on holiday, according to a new survey. Although 40 percent saidthat the main reason for going away is to escape pressure(压⼒) from work, almost all said they worry more than they do athome. Only four in every 100 said that they are happy and free of care.

◎The underlined word “survey” in the first paragraph most probably means ______.

A. research B. review C. exhibition D. examination

此题答案选A。⽐较四个选项，同时结合常识，⽂中所提到的事实和数据应该是“调查和研究”得出的(其他⼏个选项可排除)。

五、推理判断题

即要求考⽣在理解原⽂表⾯⽂字信息的基础上，作出⼀定的判断和推理，从⽽得出⽂章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的⾼层次阅读理解题，做这类题⽬时，同学们应严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语⽓等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情⾊彩的词语，然后利⽤⾃⼰已获得的相关知识进⾏推理判断，从⽽得出符合逻辑的结论。此时应特别注意：当问及作者的看法、意图与态度时，不要误认为是在问“你”(考⽣)的想法，⽽是作者本⼈在字⾥⾏间所表述的观点。请看全国卷中的⼀个段落：

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英语阅读理解常见题型特点分析

英语阅读理解常见题型特点分析

龙源期刊网

英语阅读理解常见题型特点分析

作者：李承慧

来源：《博览群书·教育》2015年第03期

摘 要：在各类英语考试中，阅读理解都占有很大的比重，常见的题型主要有：单项选择题、正误判断题、简答题等。本文试从测试目的、测试效果的角度来分析这些题型的主要特点。

关键词：阅读理解;题型;特点

英语阅读理解作为英语考试的重中之重，是获取信息、掌握知识和提高语言运用能力的基础，考查学生的综合、概括、归纳、分析问题的能力以及对整体文段的把握能力、对具体语段的理解能力、语法能力和词汇能力。

目前大部分研究以应试型研究居多，主要讲解如何应对阅读理解和如何答题的办法，而从测试目的和效果的角度来分析题型特点的较少。因此，本文旨在通过分析阅读理解的题型来进一步探讨各类题型的考察目的和测试效果。

一、常见题型

（一）单项选择题

1.分类。单项选择题从考查重点上主要分为主旨题、语义题、细节题、推断题、观点态度题等。

2.常见的命题形式

（1）主旨题

① What is the main idea of this passage？ ;② This passage is mainly about？③ What is the best

title for this passage？ ; ④ What is the purpose of this passage？⑤ This passage was written to

explain___？⑥ What does the first （second， third…）paragraph mainly discuss？⑦ From the

first （second， third…）paragraph， we can learn that____.

英语阅读理解

英语阅读理解

1

格致-2012专升本英语考前复习资料（阅读理解）

There are many shops in Singapore where customers still bargain, although prices are clearly

shown on the goods. There is nothing out of the ordinary in haggling; some shopkeepers expect

you to and will be surprised if you accept their prices immediately. We know that the prices

in some stores are a bit higher than those in Change Alley, but we also realize that to

keep a store like

Robinson's is by no means cheap. Besides, in such places we shop in air-condition (空调)

comfort. For all these, we pay a little extra.

It is not always true to say that things in Change Alley cost less. I once bought a Czechoslo-

vakian glass butter-dish from Robinson's for a little under two dollars. I then went on

to Change Alley and just by chance saw an article of the same shape, design and size, in

英语阅读理解 2

英语阅读理解 2

Advertisement can be thought of “as the means of making known in order to buy or sell

goods or services “. Advertisement aims to increase people’s awareness and arouse interest. It tries

to inform and to persuade. The media are all used to spread the message. The press offers a fairly

cheap method, and magazines are used to reach special sections of the market. The cinema and

commercial radio are useful for local market. Television, although more expensive, can be very

effective. Public notices are fairly cheap and more permanent in their power of attraction. Other

ways of increasing consumer interest are through exhibitions and trade fairs as well as direct mail

advertisement.

There can be no doubt that the growth in advertisement is one of the most striking features of

the western world in this century. Many businesses such as those handling frozen foods, liquor,

英语阅读理解题型归纳和解析

英语阅读理解题型归纳和解析

英语阅读理解题型归纳和解析

考生做好阅读理解应能读懂不同类型的文字材料（生词量不超过所读材料总词汇量的3%），包括信函、书刊和杂志上的文章，还应能读懂与本人学习或工作有关的文献、技术说明和产品介绍等。根据所读材料，考生应能：

①理解主旨要义；

②理解文中的具体信息；

③理解文中的概念性含义；

④进行有关的判断、推理和引申；

⑤根据上下文推测生词的词义；

⑥理解文章的总体结构以及单句之间、段落之间的关系；

⑦理解作者的意图、观点或态度；

⑧区分论点和论据。

根据大纲和历年考题，我们把题型分为7种：推理题，例证题，词汇题，句子理解题，指代题，主旨题，态度题。下面是一套命题规律小结：

一、推理题

推理题一般包括数字推理，知识推断和逻辑推理，它主要考察我们理清上下逻辑关系的能力，可以算是各类题型中最难的一种。推理题常常考查考生④进行有关的判断、推理和引申⑦理解作者的意图、观点或态度等，逻辑词常用的有：infer，imply，suggest，conclude等。

秘诀：

1．看是否通过题干返回原文（或根据选项返回）。

2．依据原文的意思进行：三错一对“的判断。

3．注意推理时的“最近答案”原则。

注意：不要“想的太多，推得太远。”推理题的答案很大程度上是原文的重现不易定非要经过逻辑推理从原文得出。

二、例证题

例证题要求考生⑧区分论点和论据⑥理解文章的总体结构以及单句之间、段落之间的关系：主要是考察考生通过段落，句子来推测文章的主旨，支持的观点等。

标记词有：example，illustrate，case，exemplify，illustration等。

秘诀：

1．返回原文，找出该例证出现，即给该例证定位。

2．90%向上，10%向下，搜索该例证周围的区域，找出例证支持的观点。找出该论点，并与四个选项进行比较，的出选项中与该论点最一致的正确答案。注意：举例的目的是为了支持论点，例子看不懂也没关系。