Linux磁盘分区--GPT分区

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Linux磁盘分区--GPT分区

 MBR分区表有⼀定的局限性,最⼤⽀持2.1tb硬盘,单块硬盘最多4个主分区。

这⾥就要引⼊GPT分区表,可以⽀持最⼤18EB的卷,最多⽀持128个主分区,所以如果使⽤⼤于2tb的卷,就必须使⽤GTP分区。

对/dev/sdb进⾏分区

parted /dev/sdb

进⼊交互模式:

(parted)

交互模式下常⽤命令:

print [free|all | NUMBER] 查看分区状态信息

mkpart PART-TYPE START END 创建新分区,

PART-TYPE: primary extended logical

START, END 开始,结束为⽌

set NUMBER FLAG STATE 对编号为NUMBER的进⾏标记。

FLAG: boot 引导, hidden 隐藏, raid 软raid, lvm 逻辑卷,

STATE: on| off

mkfs NUMBER FS-TYPE 对NUMBER指定⽂件系统。FS-Type有:ext2、fat16、fat32、

linuxswap、NTFS、reiserfs、ufs 等

cp [FROM-DEV] FROM-NUMBER TO-NUMBER 将分区 FROM-NUMBER 上的⽂件系统完整地复制到分区TO-NUMBER

中,作为可选项还可以指定⼀个来源硬盘的设备名称FROM-DEVICE,若

省略则在当前设备上进⾏复制。

move NUMBER START END 将指定编号 NUMBER 的分区移动到从 START 开始 END 结束的位置上。

注意:(1)只能将分区移动到空闲空间中。(2)虽然分区被移动了,但

它的分区编号是不会改变的

resize NUMBER START END 对指定编号 NUMBER 的分区调整⼤⼩。分区的开始位置和结束位置由START 和 END 决定

check NUMBER检查指定编号 NUMBER 分区中的⽂件系统是否有什么错误

rescue START END rescue START END

mklabel,mktable LABELTYPE创建⼀个新的 LABEL-TYPE 类型的空磁盘分区表,对于PC⽽⾔ msdos 是

常⽤的 LABELTYPE。 若是⽤ GUID 分区表,LABEL-TYPE 应该为 gpt. 还

有其他的aix, amiga, bsd, dvh, gpt, mac, msdos, pc98, sun, loop

实例:

[root@linux-node2 ~]# parted /dev/sdb #对sdb分区GNU Parted 3.1Using /dev/sdbWelcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.(parted) p #print 打印Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)Disk /dev/sdb: 3221MBSector size (logical/physical): 512B/512BPartition Table: msdosDisk Flags:

Number Start End Size Type File system Flags(parted) mklabel #定义分区表类型,msdos是MBR分区表,可以⽤这个⽅法将硬盘转换成MBR New disk label type? gpt #分区表定义为gpt,之前是mbr分区,所以会有下⾯的提醒 Warning: The existing disk label on /dev/sdb will be destroyed and all data on thisdisk will be lost. Do you want to continue?Yes/No? yes #警告sdb之前的内容将会丢失 (parted) mkpart #创建分区 Partition name? []? sdb1 #分区表名称 File system type? [ext2]? ext4 #⽂件系统类型 Start? 0 #起始扇区 End? 1g #结束扇区 Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.Ignore/Cancel? i #警告内容将删除,选择忽略 (parted) p #print打印分区信息 Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)Disk /dev/sdb: 3221MBSector size (logical/physical): 512B/512BPartition Table: gptDisk Flags:

Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 17.4kB 1000MB 1000MB ext4 sdb1

(parted) rm 1 #删除分区1 (parted) mkpart primary 0 1g #创建主分区1gbWarning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.Ignore/Cancel? i #警告内容会被删除,选择忽略 (parted) mkpart primary 1g 3g #创建主分区2gb (parted) p #打印 Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)Disk /dev/sdb: 3221MBSector size (logical/physical): 512B/512BPartition Table: gptDisk Flags:

Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 17.4kB 1000MB 1000MB ext4 primary 2 1000MB 3220MB 2220MB ext4 primary

(parted) q #退出 Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.

[root@linux-node2 ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb #查看/dev/sdb分区

WARNING: fdisk GPT support is currently new, and therefore in an experimental phase. Use at your own discretion.

Disk /dev/sdb: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes, 6291456 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: gpt

# Start End Size Type Name

1 34 1953125 953.7M Microsoft basic primary

2 1953792 6289407 2.1G Microsoft basic primary

[root@linux-node2 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1 #格式化sdb1

mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

61056 inodes, 244136 blocks

12206 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=251658240

8 block groups32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

7632 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376

Allocating group tables: done

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (4096 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

[root@linux-node2 ~]# blkid /dev/sdb1 #查看sdb1的UUID

/dev/sdb1: UUID="612067e2-12ca-4410-9ab8-682b22c0da87" TYPE="ext4" PARTLABEL="primary" PARTUUID="ae6af195-c535-4380-

8a8f-e96c73730d96"

[root@linux-node2 ~]# echo 'UUID=612067e2-12ca-4410-9ab8-682b22c0da87 /data ext4 defaults 0 0' >> /etc/fstab #实现开机⾃动

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