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·120· Chinese Journal of Information on TCM Mar.2021 Vol.28 No.3 高荣林从肝脾辨治高血压病经验戴方圆，李思琪，李平北京中医药大学第三附属医院，北京 100029摘要：“诸风掉眩，皆属于肝”，高荣林教授结合高血压病血压升高、头晕、头痛、疲乏等症状，从肝脾论治，认为本病基本病机为本虚标实，本虚即脾虚，标实即肝风（阳）上扰。
据此提出治脾三法，即补中有运、健脾化痰、补益气阴；治肝九法，即平肝、柔肝、潜肝、滋肝、疏肝、理肝、清肝、凉肝、养肝。
其组方用药精巧，临床疗效颇佳。
关键词：名医经验；高荣林；高血压病；肝脾同治中图分类号：R259.441 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1005-5304(2021)03-0120-03DOI：10.19879/ki.1005-5304.201908087 开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：Experience of Gao Ronglin in Treating Hypertension from Syndrome DifferentiationTreatment of Liver and SpleenDAI Fangyuan, LI Siqi, LI PingThird Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China Abstract: “The winds and dizziness belong to the liver.” Combined with symptoms of hypertension, such as high blood pressure, dizziness, headache, fatigue and so on, Professor Gao Ronglin treats hypertension from the liver and spleen. He believes that the basic pathogenesis of hypertension is the deficiency in essence and excess in symptoms: deficiency in essence means spleen deficiency, and excess in symptoms means the disturbance of liver wind (yang). Based on this, 3 methods of treating the spleen were proposed: transporting in tonifying, nourishing spleen and reducing phlegm, and tonifying qi and yin; 9 methods of treating the liver: calming the liver, softening the liver, balancing the liver, nourishing the liver, smoothing the liver, regulating the liver, clearing the liver, cooling down the liver, and tonifying the liver. Its prescriptions and medication are exquisite and the clinical efficacy is quite good.Keywords: experience of famous doctors; Gao Ronglin; hypertension; Simultaneous treatment of liver and spleen临床上，目前西医治疗高血压病常用降压药物有利尿剂、血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂、血管紧张素Ⅱ受体阻滞剂、β-受体阻滞剂等，单纯西药可起到良好降压效果，但无法有效缓解患者眩晕、头痛、乏力等症状，且不良反应较多[1]。
·7JOURNAL OF RARE AND UNCOMMON DISEASES, MAY. 2024,Vol.31, No.5, Total No.178【第一作者】汪圣毅，男，主任医师，主要研究方向：胃肠疾病。
E-mail：*******************【通讯作者】汪圣毅·论著·腹腔镜右半结肠切除同期行肝方叶转移癌切除1例汪圣毅* 闫 强 张俊义 佘贤忠安徽医科大学第一附属医院普外科 (安徽 合肥 230022)【摘要】目的 分析腹腔镜下同期治疗结肠癌及其肝转移的过程，探讨腹腔镜同期手术在治疗结肠癌肝转移中的作用。
方法 回顾性分析2023年3月安徽医科大学第一附属医院1例结肠癌伴肝方叶转移患者的临床资料，同期行混合入路腹腔镜右半结肠切除、Glisson蒂横断法肝方叶转移癌切除。
结果 R0切除右半结肠及肝转移癌，术中出血量约50 mL，第4天拔引流管，无并发症，顺利出院。
病理结果：结肠溃疡型低分化腺癌，肠周(12/21)个淋巴结有癌转移，低分化肝转移癌。
结论 腹腔镜同期行右半结肠切除和肝转移癌切除的治疗安全可行，采用新的手术路径和操作模式可保证手术安全，值得推广。
【关键词】腹腔镜右半结肠切除术；结肠癌肝转移；腹腔镜肝切除术；Glisson蒂横断法【中图分类号】R656.9; R657.3【文献标识码】ADOI:10.3969/j.issn.1009-3257.2024.5.003Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy with Simultaneous Resection of Liver Metastases in the Square Lobe: a Case ReportWang Sheng-yi *, Yan Qiang, ZHang Jun-yi, SHe Xian-zhong.Department of general Surgery, the First affiliated Hospital of anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, anhui Province, Chinaabstract: objective The process of laparoscopic simultaneous resection of colon cancer and its liver metastasis was analyzed, and the role of laparoscopicconcurrent surgery in the treatment of colon cancer liver metastasis was discussed. Methods The clinical data of one colon cancer patient with square lobe metastasis in the First affiliated Hospital of anhui Medical University in March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, and laparoscopic right hemicolectomy by mixed surgical approach combined with liver metastasis resection by glisson pedicle transection were performed at the same time. Results R0 resection of colon cancer and its liver metastases was performed with the intraoperative bleeding was about 50 ml. The drainage tube was removed on the 4th day with no complications. The patient was successfully discharged. Pathological results: colon ulcerative poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, with peri-intestinal metastatic lymph nodes (12/21). liver metastases were poorly differentiated. Conclusion Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy and simultaneous liver metastasis resection is safe and feasible, and the use of new surgical approach and operation methods can ensure the safety, which is worth being popularized.Keywords: Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy; Liver Metastases of Colon Cancer; Laparoscopic Hepatectomy; Glisson’s Pedicle Transection Method1 临床资料 患者男，60岁，因“间断性腹痛腹胀20天”入院，腹痛为间断性，大便习惯改变，不成形，无血便，小便正常，消瘦乏力。
Teaching EpidemiologyA guide for teachers in epidemiology, public health and clinical medicineThird EditionJorn Olsen, Rodolfo Saracci, and Dimitrios Trichopoulos978-0-19-923947-4 | 15 April 2010Oxford University Press 2010 - Website: /product/9780199239474.doAvailable online: Part I Context: Introducing the history of epidemiologyPDF [24p.] at: http://bit.ly/bLJgUg“….The aim of this book is to help the inexperienced teacher in epidemiology when planning a course, and to be an inspiration for experienced teachers when he/she is trying to improve teaching performance. Each chapter includes a suggested course structure, syllabus, and set of key literature references related to the topic of the course. The chapters also include personal guidelines for how to teach the course and how to evaluate student performance. The book includes courses in methodology at different levels as well as courses in specific diseases, specific disease determinant and data collection methods. You will also find guidelines in how to use computer technology in the classroom, and how to make good use of teaching assistants…”Content:Part 1: Context1: Rodolfo Saracci: Introducing the history of epidemiology2: Olli S. Miettinen: Important concepts in epidemiology3: Jørn Olsen and Olga Basso: Study Design4: Per Kragh Andersen: Statistics in epidemiology5: Kenneth J. Rothman: Teaching a first course in epidemiologic principles and methodsPart 2: Exposure Oriented Epidemiology6: Jakob Bue Bjorner and Jørn Olsen: Questionnaires in epidemiology7: Anders Ahlbom: Environment8: Neil Pearce: Occupational epidemiology9: Yoav Ben-Shlomo and Diana Kuh: Life course epidemiology10: Susan Jick: Pharmacoepidemiology11: Walter C. Willett: Nutritional epidemiology12: Harry Campbell and Susan Service: Genetic epidemiology13: Betsy Foxman: Teaching molecular epidemiology14: Nancy Krieger: Social inequalities in health15: Anthony J. McMichael And Ulisses Confalonieri: Climate change and human health: issues for teacher and classroomPart 3: Outcome Oriented Epidemiology16: Marc Lipsitch: Infectious disease epidemiology17: Pagona Lagiou and Dimitrios Trichopoulos: Cancer epidemiology18: Rebecca Fuhrer and Ezra Susser: Teaching a course in psychiatric epidemiology19: C. A. Molgaard, A. L. Golbeck, and J. F. Rothrock: Neurologic diseases20: Jørn Olsen and Ellen Aagaard Nøhr: Reproductive epidemiology21: Josep M. Anto: Teaching chronic respiratory disease epidemiology22: Eleni Petridou, Evi Germeni and Mark Stevenson: Epidemiology of injuries23: Flemming Scheutz and Georgios Tsakos: Dental epidemiology24: John A. Baron and Henrik Toft Sørensen: Clinical epidemiology25: Paul Elliott: Study of clustering and outbreaks26: Japhet Killewo and Anita Sandström: Field studies in developing countries27: Henrik Toft Sørensen And John A. Baron: Registries and medical databases28: J.H. Abramson: Teaching epidemiology inside and outside the classroomPart 4: Pedagogies29: Charles Du V. Florey and Ralph R. Frerichs: Computer-assisted learning - principles and practice30: Haroutune Armenian, Michael E. Thompson, And Jonathan Samet: Competency based curriculum inepidemiology31: Naomi Greene And Tarun Bhatnagar: Guide for teaching assistants in a methods course in a department of epidemiology* * *This message from the Pan American Health Organization, PAHO/WHO, is part of an effort to disseminateinformation Related to: Equity; Health inequality; Socioeconomic inequality in health; Socioeconomichealth differentials; Gender; Violence; Poverty; Health Economics; Health Legislation; Ethnicity; Ethics;Information Technology - Virtual libraries; Research & Science issues. [DD/ KMC Area]“Materials provided in this electronic list are provided "as is". Unless expressly stated otherwise, the findingsand interpretations included in the Materials are those of the authors and not necessarily of The Pan American Health Organization PAHO/WHO or its country members”.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------PAHO/WHO WebsiteEquity List - Archives - Join/remove: /Archives/equidad.htmlTwitter /eqpahoIMPORTANT: This transmission is for use by the intendedrecipient and it may contain privileged, proprietary orconfidential information. If you are not the intendedrecipient or a person responsible for delivering thistransmission to the intended recipient, you may notdisclose, copy or distribute this transmission or takeany action in reliance on it. If you received this transmissionin error, please dispose of and delete this transmission.Thank you.。
布地格福联合泛福舒改善稳定期COPD 患者肺功能的临床研究王杨广，麦景亮，张建平台山市第二人民医院呼吸与危重症医学科，广东台山529224【摘要】目的研究布地格福联合泛福舒改善稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者肺功能的临床效果。
方法选取2021年6月至2022年10月期间台山市第二人民医院收治的80例稳定期COPD 患者作为研究对象，按随机数表法将患者分为联合组和对照组各40例。
对照组患者采用布地格福治疗，联合组患者采用布地格福联合泛福舒治疗，两组患者均连续治疗3个月。
比较两组患者的治疗效果，治疗前及治疗1个月、2个月、3个月后的肺功能指标[第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV 1)、用力肺活量(FVC)、FEV 1/FVC]，治疗前后的免疫球蛋白指标[免疫球蛋白A (IgA)、免疫球蛋白G (IgG)、免疫球蛋白M (IgM)]和治疗期间的不良反应发生情况。
结果联合组患者的治疗总有效率为95.00%，明显高于对照组患者的75.00%，差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)；治疗前，两组患者的FEV 1、FVC 、FEV 1/FVC 比较差异均无统计学意义(P >0.05)，治疗1个月、2个月、3个月后，两组患者的FEV 1、FVC 、FEV 1/FVC 均明显升高，且联合组明显高于对照组，差异均具有统计学意义(P <0.05)；治疗前，两组患者的IgA 、IgG 、IgM 比较差异均无统计学意义(P >0.05)，治疗后，两组患者的IgA 、IgG 、IgM 均升高，且联合组患者的IgA 、IgG 、IgM 水平分别为(2.32±0.42)g/L 、(13.06±2.48)g/L 、(1.96±0.21)g/L ，明显高于对照组的(1.76±0.38)g/L 、(9.82±2.56)g/L 、(1.68±0.34)g/L ，差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)；联合组患者的不良反应总发生率为22.50%，略低于对照组的30.00%，但差异无统计学意义(P >0.05)。
中西医结合护理Chinese Journal of Integrative Nursing2022年第8卷第6期Vol.8，No.6，2022耳穴贴压法治疗妊娠恶阻临床疗效的Meta 分析田恬1，谢薇2，邓云燕1，李忠琴1，张杨1，赵苏1（1.贵州中医药大学第一附属医院产科优生研究中心，贵州贵阳，550001；2.贵州中医药大学第一附属医院护理部，贵州贵阳，550001）摘要：目的评价耳穴贴压法治疗妊娠恶阻的临床效果。
方法通过计算机检索中国知网（CNKI ）、维普数据库（VIP ）、万方数据库（Wanfang Database ）、PubMed 及Cochrane library ，收集耳穴贴压法治疗妊娠恶阻的随机对照试验，按照Jadad 量表中随机隐藏的质量标准来评价所纳入研究的质量。
采用Rev Man 5.3软件进行Meta 分析。
结果共纳入5篇研究，包括359例妊娠恶阻患者。
Meta 分析结果显示：①耳穴贴压组在治愈率上反应的疗效优于基础治疗组［MD=2.42，95%CI （2.14，5.45），Z=5.16，P ＜0.00001］。
②耳穴贴压组在总有效率上反应的疗效优于基础治疗组［MD=5.01，95%CI （2.495，-10.07），Z=4.52，P ＜0.00001］。
结论耳穴贴压法治疗妊娠恶阻优于单纯基础治疗，但耳穴贴压法的起效机制尚未明确，需有待研究。
关键词：耳穴贴压；耳穴埋豆；耳穴埋籽；妊娠恶阻；Meta 分析中图分类号：R 248.3文献标志码：A文章编号：2709-1961（2022）06-0008-05A Meta analysis on effect of auricular point sticking andpressing therapy in the treatment of hyperemesis gravidarumTIAN Tian 1，XIE Wei 2，DENG Yunyan 1，LI zhongqing 1，ZHANG yang 1，ZHAO Su 1（1.Department of Obstetrics Healthy Pregnancy Research Center ，The First Affiliated Hospital of GuizhouUniversity of Traditional Chinese Medicine ，Guiyang ，Guizhou ，550001；2.Department of Nursing ，The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine ，Guiyang ，Guizhou ，550001）ABSTRACT ：Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of auricular point sticking and pressing therapy in the treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum.Methods Use of computer to search Co⁃chrane ，PubMed ，China Knowledge Network Full Text Database （CNKI ），VIP Database and Wanfang Database ，to collect Randomized Controlled Trials （RCTs ）about auricular point stick⁃ing and pressing therapy in the treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum were collected ，and the quali⁃ty of the included studies was evaluated according to the randomly hidden quality standard in Jadad scale.Meta analysis was performed by Rev man 5.3software.Results Five studies were included ，including 359patients with hyperemesis gravidarum.The results of meta-analysis showed that ：①The curative effect rate of auricular point sticking and pressing therapy was supe⁃rior to the basic treatment group ［MD =2.42，95%CI （2.14，5.45），z =5.16，P <0.00001］.②The total effective rate of auricular point sticking and pressing therapy group was superior toDOI ：10.55111/j.issn 2709-1961.202205028·耳穴特色疗法专栏·收稿日期：2022-05-01第一作者简介：田恬，主管护师，本科毕业于广东医科大学临床护理学院，同等学力硕士研究生，毕业于贵州中医药大学。
专利名称：METHOD FOR DIAGNOSING CANCER 发明人：CAMOIN, Luc,PELTIER, Julien,ROPERCH, Jean-Pierre申请号：EP2017/067013申请日：20170706公开号：WO2018/007555A1公开日：20180111专利内容由知识产权出版社提供摘要：The present invention relates the diagnosis of cancer field. After a high resolution mass spectrometry-based proteomic strategy in different clinical stages of CRC, the inventors identified peptide fragments from the coagulation factor XIII A chain (AP-F13A1). These fragments seem to be useful to distinguished healthy patients from patients with adenomatous polyps and CRC. They develop and describe the outstanding potential of LC-MS/MS and SRM assays for quantifying and validating the use of AP-F13A1 as a biomarker of colorectal cancer. More, the inventors develop another proteomic strategy able to find others biomarkers that are altered in CRC. Their results suggest that highlighted proteins SERPINAl, SERPINA3 and SERPINC1 and factor XIII Al peptides, may help for diagnosing CRC and may help in pre- selecting patients with mild symptoms or without prior history of CRC for colonoscopy. Thus, the present invention relates to a method for diagnosing cancer in a subject comprising a step consisting of detecting the level of at least one AP-F13A1 peptide in a sample obtained from said subject.申请人：INSERM (INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA SANTÉ ET DE LA RECHERCHEMÉDICALE),INSTITUT JEAN PAOLI & IRENE CALMETTES,CENTRE NATIONAL DE LARECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE (CNRS),UNIVERSITÉ D'AIX MARSEILLE,ASSISTANCE PUBLIQUE-HÔPITAUX DE PARIS (APHP)地址：75013 FR,13009 FR,75016 FR,13284 FR,75004 FR国籍：FR,FR,FR,FR,FR代理人：COLLIN, Matthieu更多信息请下载全文后查看。
- 82 -31（5）：1172-1175.[6] GU H，WANG Y，DU M，et al. Effectiveness of using mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin for beta-thalassemia carrier screening in the guangdong population of China[J]. Biomedical and Environmental Sciences，2021，34（8）：667-671.[7] MANTHEI D M，HARRO D M，KEREN D F. Incorrect migration of hemoglobin after capillary electrophoresis software update complicates diagnosis of an infant with hemoglobin S/Beta+thalassemia[J]. The Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine，2021，6（5）：1371-1375.[8]宋琪玲，郭杨柳，何勇均，等. RDW 筛查地中海贫血诊断界值的建立及其与MCV、MCH、HbA 2联合筛查的价值[J].中国实验血液学杂志，2021，29（3）：847-852.[9] MAJI S K，DOLAI T K，PRADHAN S，et al. Implications of population screening for thalassemias and hemoglobinopathies in rural areas of West Bengal, India: report of a 10-year study of 287，258 cases[J]. Hemoglobin: International Journal for Hemoglobin Research，2020，44（6）：432-437.[10]刘利，余楚壬，李珊珊，等. α地中海贫血基因携带者709例红细胞参数、血红蛋白A 2及基因检测结果分析[J].广东医学，2021，42（8）：1006-1008.[11]宋琪玲，郭杨柳，何勇均，等. RDW 筛查地中海贫血诊断界值的建立及其与MCV、MCH、HbA 2联合筛查的价值[J].中国实验血液学杂志，2021，29（3）：847-852.[12]周亚丽，李平萍，杨焜，等.临界血红蛋白A 2人群的β地中海贫血检出情况[J].广西医学，2021，43（5）：587-589.（收稿日期：2023-11-09） （本文编辑：冯乐乐）①泉州市疾病预防控制中心 福建 泉州 362000多色探针熔解曲线分析法评估结核分枝杆菌阳性患者对不同抗结核药物耐药性的诊断效能陈李晓①【摘要】 目的：分析多色探针熔解曲线分析法（MMCA）评估结核分枝杆菌阳性患者对利福平、乙胺丁醇、链霉素、异烟肼、喹诺酮耐药性的诊断效能。
中国临床神经外科杂志2021年3月第26卷第3期Chin J Clin Neurosurg,March 2021,Vol.26,No.3【摘要】目的探讨特发性正常压力脑积水（iNPH ）病人脑脊液（CSF ）磷酸化tau 蛋白（p-tau ）、总tau 蛋白（t-tau ）、转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）的变化。
方法前瞻性收集2018年6月至2020年2月经分流术临床确诊的16例iNPH 为确诊组，同期行脑脊液释放试验无效的16例可疑iNPH 为可疑组。
采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测CSF 中p-tau 、t-tau 、TGF-β1水平。
结果确诊组CSF 中p-tau 水平显著低于可疑组（P <0.01），TGF-β1水平显著高于可疑组（P <0.01）。
两组CSF 中t-tau 水平无统计学差异（P >0.05）。
8例确诊iNPH 术后7d 的CSF 中p-tau 、t-tau 水平较术前均明显降低（P <0.05），而TGF-β1水平与术前无统计学差异（P >0.05）。
结论本文结果提示CSF 中p-tau 、t-tau 、TGF-β1在iNPH 诊断、分流术效果评估中具有一定的作用。
【关键词】特发性正常压力脑积水；脑脊液；生物标志物；tau 蛋白；转化生长因子-β1；分流术【文章编号】1009-153X （2021）03-0162-03【文献标志码】A【中国图书资料分类号】R 742.7Changes of cerebrospinal fluid markers in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalusXIONG Kun 1,LENG Biao 2,CHENG Shi-qi 2,YUAN Rao-rao 2,WANG Bing 2,ZHUO Yi 2,ZHANG Miao 3,ZHANG Yan 2.1.Department of Neurosurgery,Guangdong 999Brain Hospital,Guangzhou 510510,China;2.Department of Neurosurgery,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University,Nanchang 330006,China;3.Department of Medical Experimental Teaching,Medical College,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China【Abstract 】Objective To investigate the changes of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)markers including phosphorylated tau protein (p-tau),total tau protein (t-tau),and transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1)in the patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH).Methods Sixteen patients with iNPH who were clinically diagnosed by shunt operation (observation group)and 16patients who were suspected with iNPH and negative outcome of CSF tap test (control group)were prospectively recruited from June 2018to February 2020.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of CSF p-tau,t-tau and TGF-β1.Results The level of CSF p-tau of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0.01),and the level of CSF TGF-β1of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P <0.01).There was no statistical difference in the level of CSFt-tau between the two groups (P >0.05).The levels of CSF p-tau and t-tau of 8patients in the observation group 7days after the shunt operation were significantly lower than those before the operation (P <0.05),while the level of CSF TGF-β1was not significantly different from that before the operation (P >0.05).Conclusions Our results suggest that the CSF p-tau,t-tau and TGF-β1may be of certain valuein the diagnosis and the outcome evaluation of shunt operation for the patients with iNPH.【Key words 】Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus;Cerebrospinal fluid;Tau protein;transforming growth factor β1;Shuntoperation●论著●特发性正常压力脑积水（idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus ，iNPH ）常见于老年人，且发病率随年龄增大而增高[1]。
专利名称：System and Method for Mapping PatientData from One Physiological State toAnother Physiological State发明人：Puneet Sharma,Lucian Mihai Itu,SaikiranRapaka,Frank Sauer申请号：US14599678申请日：20150119公开号：US20150348260A1公开日：20151203专利内容由知识产权出版社提供专利附图：摘要：Systems and methods for determining a quantity of interest of a patientcomprise receiving patient data of the patient at a first physiological state. A value of a quantity of interest of the patient at the first physiological state is determined based on the patient data. The quantity of interest represents a medical characteristic of the patient. Features are extracted from the patient data, wherein the features which are extracted are based on the quantity of interest to be determined for the patient at a second physiological state. The value of the quantity of interest of the patient at the first physiological state is mapped to a value of the quantity of interest of the patient at the second physiological state based on the extracted features.申请人：Siemens Aktiengesellschaft地址：Munich DE国籍：DE更多信息请下载全文后查看。
专利名称：Method for following degassing rate by measuring partial pressures measured bymass spectrometry发明人：Bettacchioli, Alain Roger Dante申请号：EP14180294.2申请日：20140808公开号：EP2843390B1公开日：20170222专利内容由知识产权出版社提供摘要：A method for following the degassing of a component placed in a vacuum chamber, comprises: measuring partial pressures Pi for a set M of reference atomic masses, by means of a mass spectrometer connected to the vacuum chamber; determining a degassing rate &eegr;, at least as a function of the measured partial pressures Pi; and, calculating a slope of the variation in the degassing rate. The degassing rate &eegr; may advantageously be determined by calculation by means of a relationship of the type: &eegr; = ∑ i ∈ M α i P i ∑ i = 0 N α i P i where M denotes the set of reference atomic masses, Pi denotes the partial pressures for the atomic masses measured by the mass spectrometer, the coefficients αi denote preset weighting coefficients associated with each partial pressure Pi, and N denotes a maximum atomic mass for which the partial pressure Pi can be measured by the mass spectrometer.申请人：THALES,THALES SA,THALES地址：FR国籍：FR代理机构：Collet, Alain 更多信息请下载全文后查看。
a r X i v :h e p -l a t /0209047v 1 3 S e p 20021Zone methods and the fermion sign problemDean Lee ∗aaDept.of Physics,North Carolina State University,Raleigh,NC 27695We review a recently proposed approach to the problem of alternating signs for fermionic many body Monte Carlo simulations in finite temperature simulations.We derive an estimate for fermion wandering lengths and introduce the notion of permutation zones,special regions of the lattice where identical fermions may interchange and outside of which they may ing successively larger permutation zones,one can extrapolate to obtain thermodynamic observables in regimes where direct simulation is impossible.1.IntroductionThe zone method approach to the fermion sign problem is based on the observation that in many finite temperature simulations fermion permuta-tions are short ranged [1].This can be true even for systems with massless modes and long distance correlations,as we demonstrate with an explicit example.In this proceedings article we derive an estimate for the finite temperature fermion wandering length and discuss the main features of the zone method.2.WorldlinesWe begin with a brief review of the worldline formalism [2].We introduce ideas in one spa-tial dimension before moving on to higher dimen-sions.Let us consider a system with one species of fermion on a periodic chain with L sites,where L is even.Aside from an additive constant,the general Hamiltonian can be written asH =−h ia †i +1a i +a †i a i +1 + ic i a †i a i .(1)Following [2]we break the Hamiltonian into two parts,H e and H o ,H e/o =i even/odd−ha †i +1a i −ha †i a i +1+c i2a †i +1a i +1.N H e/o ).(3)Inserting a complete set of states at each step,wecan write T r [exp(−βH )]asz 0,...,z 2N −1z 0|S o |z 2N −1 ... z 1|S e |z 0 .(4)The worldline trajectory of each of the fermions can now be traced from Euclidean time t =0to time t =β.Since we are computing a thermal trace,the worldlines from t =0to t =βdefine a permutation of identical fermions.Even permu-tations carry a fermion sign of +1while odd per-mutations carry sign −1.The generalization to higher dimensions is straightforward.In two di-mensions,for example,exp(−βH )takes the formexp −β2dimensions.Thefirst question we address is howfar fermion worldlines can wander from start timet=0to end time t=β.We can put an upperbound on this wandering distance by consideringthe special case with no on-site potential and onlynearest neighbor hopping.Let us consider motion in the x-direction.Foreach factor of S x o S x e in(5)a given fermion may re-main at the same x value,move one lattice spaceto the left,or move one lattice space to the right.If h is the hopping parameter,then for large Nthe relative weights for these possibilities are ap-proximately1for remaining at the same x value,βhN−1for one move to the left,andβhN−1forone move to the right.In(5)we see that thereare N factors of S x o S x e.Therefore for a typicalworldline configuration at lowfilling fraction,f,we expect∼βh hops to the left and∼βh hops tothe right.For non-negligible f some of the hopsare forbidden by the exclusion principle.Assum-ing randomfilling we expect∼(1−f)βh hops tothe left and∼(1−f)βh hops to the right.The net displacement is equivalent to a ran-dom walk with2(1−f)βh steps.The expectedwandering length,∆,is therefore given by∆= |Z1|(W Z1−W∅),(11)where|Γ|/|Z1|≡k,the number of zones.Forgeneral zone shapes one can imagine partitioningthe zones themselves into smaller congruent tiles.Therefore the result(10)should hold for large ar-bitrarily shaped zones.For this case we take|Γ|to be the number of nearest neighbor bonds in theentire lattice and|Z1|to be the number of nearestneighbor bonds in the zone.We will refer to|Z1|as the zone size of Z1.This is just one choice forzone extrapolation.A more precise and compli-cated scheme could be devised which takes intoaccount the circumscribed volume,number of in-cluded lattice points,and other geometric quan-tities.As an example of the permutation zonemethod,we compute the average energy E h−1for a free fermion Hamiltonian with only hoppingon an8×8lattice.We set the number of timesteps N=8and consider valuesβh=1.0,1.5,and2.0.The corresponding values for∆are1.0,1.2,and1.4respectively.The Monte Carlo3Figure1.Average energy atβh=1.0,1.5,2.0for the free fermion Hamiltonian on an8×8lattice. updates were performed using our own version of the single-cluster loop algorithm[3].In Fig-ure1we show data for rectangular zones with side dimensions0×0,1×1,2×1,2×2,3×2, 3×3,...,6×6.We also show a least-squaresfit (not including the smallest zones0×0and1×1) assuming linear dependence on zone size as pre-dicted in(10).Wefind agreement at the1%level or better when compared with the exact answers shown on the far right,which were computed us-ing momentum-space decomposition.While the physics of the free hopping Hamil-tonian is trivial,the computational problems are in fact maximally difficult.The severity of the sign problem can be measured in terms of the av-erage sign,<Sign>,for contributions to the par-tition function.Forβh=1.0,<Sign>∼0.005; forβh=1.5,<Sign>∼10−6;and forβh= 2.0,<Sign>∼10−9.Direct calculation using position-space Monte Carlo is impossible by sev-eral orders of magnitude forβh≥1.5.5.SummaryWe have reviewed the zone method approach to the fermion sign problem.We have demon-strated that the exchange of identical fermions is short-ranged and has a maximum range of。
