2012年上海市杨浦区高三化学一模试卷和答案

杨浦区第一学期髙中等级考质量调研高三年级化学学科试卷考生注意：1．本试卷满分100分，考试时间间60分钟。

2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求；所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（综合分析题）在答题纸上；做在试卷上一律不得分。

3．答题前，考生务必在答题纸上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。

4．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

相对原子质量：H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 Si-28 S-32 Cu-64一、选择题（本题共40分，每小题2分，只有一个正确选项。

）1．中药的煎制直接关系到其疗效。

下列中草药煎制步骤中，属于过滤操作的是2A．取代反应 B．加成反应 C．氧化反应 D．酯化反应3．氢氧化钠晶体熔化的过程中，破杯了A．共价键和离子键 B．离子键 C．离子键和金属键 D．共价键4．下列化学用语正确的是A．CO2的电子式： B．乙炔的结构式：CH≡CHC．CH4的球棍模型： D．氯离子的结构示意图：5．将SO2气体通入下列溶液中，观察不到明显现象的是A．BaCl2 B．石蕊溶液 C．酸性MnO4溶液 D．氢硫酸6．高炉炼铁中生成铁的反应一定是A．氧化还原反应 B．置换反应C．复分解反应D．分解反应7．分子式为C5H10O2并能与饱和NaHCO3溶液反应放出气体的有机物有（不含立体结构）A．3种 B．4种 C．5种 D． 6种8．关于CCl4说法错误的是A．晶体类型：分子晶体B．正四面体结构的分子C．含极性键的非极性分子 D．与CH4结构相似、性质相似9．已知：2A(g) B(g) + Q （Q>0）；2A(g) B(l)；下列能量变化示意图正确的是A． B．C． D．10．下列化工生产中未使用催化剂的是A．索尔维制碱法 B．合成氨 C．乙烯水化 D．SO2转化为SO311．将氯气通入右图装置。

若打开活塞，则小试管里的干燥品红试纸c不褪色；若关闭活塞b，c很快褪色。

杨浦区一模试卷高三化学一、选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项是正确的，请将正确答案的字母填入题后的括号内。

）1. 下列物质中，属于纯净物的是（）A. 空气B. 矿泉水C. 蒸馏水D. 食盐水2. 化学反应中，能量变化的主要形式是（）A. 热能B. 光能C. 电能D. 机械能3. 根据化学平衡移动原理，下列说法正确的是（）A. 增大反应物浓度，平衡不移动B. 升高温度，平衡向吸热方向移动C. 增大压强，平衡向气体分子数多的方向移动D. 催化剂能改变化学平衡4. 下列实验操作中，正确的是（）A. 用酒精灯直接加热试管中的液体B. 用滤纸过滤溶液时，滤纸边缘应低于漏斗边缘C. 配制溶液时，先称量固体，后量取液体D. 用pH试纸测定溶液的pH值时，试纸应先湿润5. 根据原子结构，下列说法错误的是（）A. 原子核由质子和中子组成B. 电子在原子核外以一定轨道运动C. 原子核外电子的排布遵循泡利不相容原理D. 原子核内的质子数决定了元素的化学性质6. 下列关于氧化还原反应的描述，正确的是（）A. 氧化剂在反应中被还原B. 还原剂在反应中被氧化C. 氧化还原反应中一定有电子的转移D. 氧化还原反应中元素的化合价一定不变7. 下列物质中，不是电解质的是（）A. 硫酸B. 氯化钠C. 蔗糖D. 氢氧化钠8. 根据酸碱中和反应的原理，下列说法错误的是（）A. 酸和碱反应生成盐和水B. 强酸和强碱反应生成中性盐C. 强酸和弱碱反应生成酸性盐D. 弱酸和强碱反应生成碱性盐9. 下列物质中，属于非金属单质的是（）A. 铁B. 硫磺C. 氢气D. 钠10. 下列关于原子价的描述，错误的是（）A. 原子价表示一个原子与其他原子结合的能力B. 原子价是原子最外层电子数C. 原子价与元素的化学性质有关D. 原子价是固定的，不会改变二、填空题（本大题共5小题，每小题4分，共20分。

请将答案填在横线上。

上海市十二校2021-2021学年第一学期高三化学考试试卷命题：曙光中学金秀红审题顾武权2021年12月相对原子质量：H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 Na-23 Al-27 S-32 Cl-35.5 V-51 Cr-52 Mn-55 Fe-56 Ba-137第一卷〔66分〕一、选择题〔此题共10分，每题2分，只有一个正确选项〕1、调查发现，经过装修的居室中由装修材料缓慢释放出来的化学污染物浓度过高，会影响安康。

这些污染物中最常见的是A．甲醛B．一氧化碳C．二氧化硫D．臭氧2、以下各组物质按混合物、纯洁物、弱电解质分类正确的选项是A．铝热剂、液氯、苯酚B．苦卤、氢氧化铝胶体、氨水C．漂白精、盐酸、碳酸氢钠D．纯碱、醋酸、硫酸钡3、以下获取物质的方法，不正确的选项是A．用电石和饱和食盐水制取乙炔B．通过石油分馏得到甲烷、乙烯和苯C．用碳酸钠和氢氧化钙反响制氢氧化钠D．将氯气通入氢氧化钠溶液得到漂白液4、以下各给物质中，所含化学键类型完全一样，晶体类型也一样的是A．CO2和H2O B．NaOH和Na2OC．NaC1和HC1 D．SO2和SiO25、双氧水是二元弱酸，那么以下有关化学用语使用正确的选项是A．H2O2的电子式：B．双氧水的电离方程式为H2O2H+ + HO2—C．16O22—离子中，质量数之和是电子数之和的两倍D．将双氧水溶液加热升温后，溶液pH一定减小二、选择题〔此题共36分，每题3分，只有一个正确选项〕6、化学在生产和日常生活中有着重要的应用。

以下说法不正确的选项是A．明矾水解形成的Al〔OH〕3胶体能吸附水中悬浮物，可用于水的净化B.在海轮外壳上镶入锌块，可减缓船体的腐蚀速率C.MgO的熔点很高，可用于制作耐高温材料MgCl饱和溶液，可制得金属镁D.电解27、以下各组物质中，每种物质都能被氧化又能被复原的是A. F2、Cl2、CuSO4B. Cl2、Al、H2C. H2S、HCl、H2O2D. F2、K、HCl8、以下推断正确的选项是A．SiO2是酸性氧化物，能与NaOH溶液反响B．Na2O、Na2O2组成元素一样，与CO2反响产物也一样C．CO、NO、NO2都是大气污染气体，在空气中都能稳定存在D．新制氯水显酸性，向其中滴加少量紫色石蕊试液，充分振荡后溶液呈红色9、在以下各溶液中，离子一定能大量共存的是A．pH=1的溶液中：HCO3—、NH4+、NO3—、Ca2+B．在强碱性溶液中：Na+、K+、AlO2—、Cl—C．无色溶液中：Fe3+、MnO4—、Cl—、H+D．由水电离出的c(H+)=10—12 mol/L的溶液中：ClO—、Na+、SO32—、K+10、以下表达正确的选项是A.1.00mol NaCl中含有6.02×1023个NaCl分子B. 1.00mol NaCl中,所有Na+的最外层电子总数为8×6.02×1023C.欲配置1.00L ,1.00mol.L-1的NaCl溶液，可将58.5g NaCl溶于1.00L水中D.电解58.5g 熔融的NaCl，能产生22.4L氯气〔标准状况〕、23.0g金属钠11、能正确表示以下反响的离子方程式为A. 硫化亚铁溶于稀硝酸中：FeS+2H+→Fe2++H2S↑B. NH4HCO3溶于过量的NaOH溶液中：HCO3-+OH-→CO32-+H2OC. 少量SO2通入苯酚钠溶液中：C6H5O-+SO2+H2O→C6H5OH+HSO3-D. 大理石溶于醋酸中：CaCO3+2CH3COOH→Ca2++2CH3COO-+CO2↑+H2O12．将0.4g NaOH和1.06 g Na2CO3混合并配成溶液，向溶液中滴加0.1 mol·L－1稀盐酸。

宝山区2012年高三化学学科模拟测试卷（杨浦、青浦、静安联考）考生注意：1、考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2、答题前，务必在答题卡上填写准考证号、学校和姓名。

3、本考试设试卷和答题卡两部分，所有答题必须做在答题卡上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

4、选择题部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂。

注意试题号与答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。

请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答案区域书写的答案无效。

相对原子质量：H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 Na-23 Mg-24 Al-27 P-31 S-32 Cl-35.5 K-39 Ca-40 Mn-55 Fe-56 Ag-108 I-127第Ⅰ卷（共66分）一、选择题（共10分，每小题2分，只有一个正确选项。

）1．PM2.5是指大气中直径小于或等于2.5微米（1微米=10-6米）的可入肺的有害颗粒。

上海从2012年6月起正式公布PM2.5监测数据，规定日均限值为0.075mg/ m3 。

与形成PM2.5肯定无关的是A．汽车尾气排放 B．建筑扬尘 C．煤燃烧 D．风力发电2．下列关于物质用途的叙述错误的是A．液氮：物质冷冻剂 B．稀有气体：霓虹灯填充物C．明矾：饮用水杀菌剂 D．石墨：制作火箭发动机喷管3．以下结构式错误的是A．H-C≡N B．H-I-O C．O=C=O D．H-S-H4．纤维素可表示为[C6H7O2(OH)3]n，以下叙述错误的是A．滴加浓硫酸变黑 B．能生成纤维素三硝酸酯C．能水解生成葡萄糖 D．与淀粉互为同分异构体5．下列实验所用试剂错误的是A．检验乙炔中是否混有H2S：湿的醋酸铅试纸B．盐酸滴定NaHCO3溶液：酚酞作指示剂C．检验淀粉是否完全水解：碘水D．检验氯化氢是否集满：湿的蓝色石蕊试纸一、选择题（共36分，每小题3分，只有一个正确选项）6．下列情况发生了化学变化的是A．常温下铝与浓硝酸 B．常温下镁与乙醇C．常温下液氯与铁 D．加热时氧化钙与氢气7．以下实验操作不规范的是A．焙烧海带：热坩埚放在石棉网上冷却B．测溶液pH：用洁净的玻璃棒沾待测液点在pH试纸上C．互不相溶的液体分液：上层液体上口倒出D．试管加热液体：液体为容积的2／38．右图所示装置适宜进行的实验是（右接装置未画出）A．制取乙烯B．制取氟化氢气体C．分离乙醇和水D．分离水和碘的四氯化碳（常压下沸点76.8℃）9．以下不符合工业生产事实的是A．金属铝：冶铁时作还原剂B．生石灰：炼钢时作造渣材料C．氨水：制硫酸时吸收尾气中SO2D．铂铑合金：制硝酸时作催化剂10．磷钨酸(H3PW12O40)可代替浓硫酸用于乙酸乙酯的制备，制备中磷钨酸起的作用是①反应物②催化剂③吸水剂④氧化剂A．① B．②C．④ D．②③11．扎那米韦（分子结构如右图）是治流感的药物，下列叙述错误的是A．该物质的分子式为C12H19N4O7B．该物质能使溴水褪色C．一定条件下，该物质能发生消去反应D．一定条件下，该物质能发生缩聚反应12．设N A 表示阿伏加德罗常数，则下列叙述正确的是A ．1mol 石墨含有的C-C 键数为3N AB ．1mol 苯含有的C=C 键数为3 N AC ．1mol 氯化铵含有的N-H 键数为3 N AD ．1molNa 2O 2含有的共价键数为3 N A13．以下进行性质比较的实验，不合理的是A ．比较镁、铝金属性：氯化镁、氯化铝溶液分别加入过量NaOH 溶液B ．比较氯、溴非金属性：溴化钠溶液中通入氯气C ．比较Cu 、Fe 2+的还原性：铁加入硫酸铜溶液中D ．比较高锰酸钾、氯气的氧化性：高锰酸钾加入盐酸中14．将少量CO 2通入次氯酸钙溶液中发生反应的离子方程式为：Ca 2+ + 2ClO - + CO 2+ H 2O →CaCO 3↓+2HClO,再根据右下表数据，则以下结论错误的是A ．酸性：H 2CO 3 >HClOB ．酸性：HClO>HCO 3- C ．给出CO 2-的能力：HCO 3-> CaCO 3D ．0.1mol/L 溶液的pH ：次氯酸钠>碳酸钠15．右图是乙醇氧化制乙醛的实验装置（夹持仪器和加热仪器均未画出），以下叙述错误的是A ．A 中所盛的固体可以是CuOB ．D 中的乙醇可用沸水浴加热C ．C 中的具支试管中有无色液体产生D ．C 中的具支试管可换成带塞的普通试管16．往AgNO 3溶液中逐滴加入氨水，先产生沉淀，后沉淀不断溶解得到溶液A 。

2012年高考真题——化学（上海卷）解析版（含答案解析）高考真题高考模拟高中联考期中试卷期末考试月考试卷学业水平同步练习2012年高考真题——化学（上海卷）解析版（含答案解析）1 今年3月修订的《环境空气质量标准》中新纳入的强制监测指标是A．PM2.5B．NOxC．SO2 D．可吸入颗粒物【答案解析】 A本题考查化学与生活，意在考查考生应用化学知识解释生活现象的能力。

2011年3月修订的《环境空气质量标准》将PM2.5纳入强制检测指标，A项正确；氮氧化物、SO2、可吸入颗粒物已在检测指标中，不属于新增检测项目，故答案为：A。

2 下列关于化石燃料的加工说法正确的是A．石油裂化主要得到乙烯B．石油分馏是化学变化，可得到汽油、煤油C．煤干馏主要得到焦炭、煤焦油、粗氨水和焦炉气D．煤制煤气是物理变化，是高效、清洁地利用煤的重要途径【答案解析】 C本题考查化石燃料的利用，意在考查考生有机化学知识。

石油裂化的目的是获得更多的液态轻质汽油，A项错误；石油分馏属于物理变化，B项错误；煤制煤气是化学变化，D项错误，故答案为：C。

3 氮氧化铝(AlON)属原子晶体，是一种超强透明材料，下列描述错误的是A．AlON和石英的化学键类型相同B．AlON和石英晶体类型相同C．AlON和Al2O3的化学键类型不同D．AlON和Al2O3晶体类型相同【答案解析】 D本题考查化学键、物质结构。

意在考查考生对晶体类型和化学键等概念的掌握。

AlON与石英（SiO2）均为原子晶体，所含化学键均为共价键，故A、B项正确；Al2O3是离子晶体，晶体中含离子键，不含共价键，故C项正确、D项错误。

4 PH3一种无色剧毒气体，其分子结构和NH3相似，但P-H键键能比N-H键键能低。

下列判断错误的是A．PH3分子呈三角锥形B．PH3分子是极性分子C．PH3沸点低于NH3沸点，因为P-H键键能低D．PH3分子稳定性低于NH3分子，因为N-H键键能高【答案解析】 C本题考查化学键、分子构型。

杨浦区2012学年度第一学期高三年级学业质量调研英语试卷2013. 1本试卷分为第I卷（第1-12页）和第II卷（第13页）两部分。

全卷共13页。

满分150分。

考试时间120分钟。

考生注意：1．答第I卷前，考生务必将条形码粘贴在答题纸的指定区域内。

2．第I卷（1-16小题，25---80小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。

考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。

注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。

答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。

答案写在试卷上一律不给分。

第I卷中的第17-24小题,81-84小题和第II卷的试题，其答案用钢笔或水笔写在答题纸的规定区域内，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上则无效。

第I卷（共105分）I.Listening Comprehension (30%)Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a post office. B. On the campus.C. In a hotel.D. At the airport.2. A. Doctor and patient. B. Lawyer and client.C. Manager and customer.D. Passer and policeman.3. A. To book a ticket. B. To make complaints.C. To make an appointment.D. To consult a dentist.4. A. She has trouble in getting along with the professor.B. She regrets taking up much of the professor’s time.C. She knows the professor has been busy recently.D. She doesn’t know the professor has run into trouble.5. A. One. B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.6. A. Everyone failed in the exam. B. Everyone passed the exam.C. Sixty students passed the exam.D. All the students got sixty.7. A. It was tiring. B. It cost more money.C. It saved time.D. It was acceptable.8. A. It’s inconvenient to go to work. B. The job was not well paid.C. He didn’t like to have meetings.D. The working hours were not suitable.9. A. $10. B. $13.C. $18.D. $19.10. A. He feels the professor should be merciful.B. He considers the punishment too severe.C. He thinks it right to punish those students.D. He thinks the students deserve sympathy.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. To charge battery. B. To take in empty bottles.C. To sell subway tickets.D. To exchange money.12. A. To donate it directly. B. To exchange it for a subway ticket.C. To withdraw the cash.D. To charge their credit cards.13. A. At bus stops. B. In schools.C. Outside the bank.D. In residential areas.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. 1200. B. 800,000.C. 15,000.D. 120,000.15. A. It is heavy with texts.B. It lacks visual materials.C. It has virtual tours and interactive maps.D. It provides details about price and requirements.16. A. Never trust any third-party website.B. Make contact with the school.C. Apply for a free campus visit.D. Try to be good enough.Section C Longer ConversationsDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Adam’s Tailor ShopItem: Cotton dustcoatStyle: The ____17____ designAlternation: 6 buttons in the front/two pockets only on the leftSpecial requirement: Not too _____18___Try-on day: Next ____19____ (Jan. 15th)Charge for tailoring: ____20____ yuanBlanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and vocabulary (25%)Section ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25.People who had lived _____ the horror and suffering of the war began to rebuild their nation.A. fromB. withC. byD. through26.The gangs were all dealing drugs, but Bob was _____ who got caught.A. someoneB. oneC. the oneD. anyone27. Life is a hospital _____ every patient is possessed by the desire to change his bed.A. thatB. whenC. whereD. whose28. Don’t spend time beating on a wall, _____ to change it into a door.A. hopeB. hopingC. hopedD. to hope29. A man can fail many times, but he isn't a failure _____ he begins to blame somebody else.A. even ifB. untilC. in caseD. once30. The tragedy calls for gun control measures _____ 26 people were killed in the school shootingin Newtown.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. why31. Mere words cannot match the depths of our sorrow, _____ our wounded hearts.A. nor they can healB. so they can healC. nor can they healD. so can they heal32. ______ you look into your heart that your vision will become clear.A. It is only whenB. Only whenC. When it is onlyD. Only when it is33. Don't let the sadness of your past and the fear of your future _____ the happiness of yourpresent.A. ruinB. to ruinC. ruiningD. ruined34. _____ the city's public school system should be open to the children of migrant workers hasbecome the focus of discussion.A. ThatB. WhatC. WhetherD. If35. -- Who _____ be phoning us at this time of night?-- It might be your sister.A. mightB. canC. dareD. must36. Always remember to get every bit of criticism _____ between two thick layers of praise.A. sandwichingB. being sandwichedC. having been sandwichedD. sandwiched37. _____ difficult explorations are, humans have never stopped moving forward.A. WhileB. DespiteC. AsD. However38. To avoid _____ off, you should be prepared to state how your contributions will benefit thecompany.A. layingB. to be laidC. being laidD. having been laid39. -- Do you bring the picture?-- Yes, I _____ it for a whole morning.A. looked forB. have looked forC. have been looking forD. had looked for40. My grandfather, _____ is often the case with old people, is fond of talking about good old days.A. whichB. suchC. asD. whatSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The most difficult part of a Western-Chinese marriage is the cultural differences. The traditional Chinese culture is established on the Confucian philosophy, while the western culture is based on ancient Greek __41__. Cultural differences exist in almost every aspect and therefore __42__ also on relationships and marriage.From the traditional Chinese point of view, marriage is a relationship __43__ many aspects such as family, friends and relatives, while from the Western point of view, marriage is a contract signed between two people that is based on trust and love. Furthermore, Westerners’marriages __44__ more the independence and __45__ of the couple.That is why Westerners sometimes cannot understand why we Chinese need to support our relatives if we are asked to do so. Chinese need to maintain their “face” and “relations”. Even in a relationship, we are somehow still __46__ to our family and relatives. Our partner has to understand it and at least does not __47__ it.It is not easy to maintain Chinese-Western relationship. Cultural differences may result in __48__. Young Asian ladies are fond of western men because they believe they are more gentlemanly and in addition their appearances are more attractive. Western men may think Chinese ladies are gentler and more feminine.My suggestion for the cross-culture relationship is always trying to put yourself in other’s shoes: accepting rather than changing; always respecting your partner but clarifying your own red lines; showing your interest in his/her different culture and carefully commenting on it and so on.There are more and more cross-culture marriages __49__ recently. I would like to take this chance to sincerely wish them the very best in their love journeys.III. Reading Comprehension (50%)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A new research suggests that animals have a much higher level of brainpower than once thought. If animals do have intelligence, how do scientists measure it? Before defining animals’ intelligence, scientists defined what is not intelligence. Instinct is not intelligence. It is a skill __50__ into an animal’s brain by its genetic heritage（基因遗传）. Tricks can be learned by repetition, but no real thinking is __51__. Cuing, in which animals learn to do or not to do certain things by following outside signals, does not demonstrate intelligence. Scientists believe that insight, the ability to use tools, and communication using human language are all __52__ measures of the mental ability of animals.When judging animal intelligence, scientists look for insight, which they define as a flash of sudden understanding. When a young gorilla（大猩猩）could not reach fruit from a tree, she noticed crates (木板箱) on the lawn near the tree. She __53__ the crates into a pyramid, then climbed on them to reach her __54__. The gorilla’s insight allowed her to solve a new problem without trial and error.The ability to use tools is also an important sign of intelligence. Crows（乌鸦）use sticks to pry （撬开）peanuts out of cracks. The crow __55__ intelligence by showing it has learned what a stick can do. __56__, otters（水獭）use rocks to crack open crab shells in order to get at the meat.Many animals have learned to communicate using human language. One chimp can recognize and correctly use more than 250 __57__ symbols on a keyboard. These symbols __58__ human words. An amazing parrot can __59__ five objects of two different types. He can understand the difference between the number, color, and kind of object. The ability to __60__ is a basic thinking skill. In addition, he seems to use language to express his needs and __61__. When ill and taken to the animal hospital for his fi rst overnight stay, this parrot turned to go. “Come here!” he cried to a scientist who works with him. “I love you. I’m sorry. Wanna go back?”The research on animal intelligence raises important questions. If animals are smarter than __62__ thought, would that change the way humans interact with them? Would animals still be used for food, clothing, or __63__ experimentation? Finding the answer to these tough questions makes a difficult __64__ even for a large-brained, problem-solving species like our own.50. A. developed B. admitted C. programmed D. injected51. A. inherited B. involved C. instructed D. intended52. A. realistic B. unusual C. accurate D. effective53. A. piled B. assembled C. supported D. divided54. A. potential B. reward C. standard D. top55. A. explores B. expands C. explains D. exhibits56. A. Likewise B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise57. A. magical B. flexible C. abstract D. permanent58. A. substitute for B. stand for C. appeal to D. carry out59. A. foresee B. determine C. combine D. distinguish60. A. classify B. justify C. qualify D. simplify61. A. satisfaction B. emotions C. gratitude D. beliefs62. A. objectively B. professionally C. previously D. scientifically63. A. electrical B. physical C. medical D. logical64. A. decision B. translation C. choice D. puzzleSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Brigham Young University students can now receive the unconditional love of dogs without breaking rules prohibiting pets in university housing.Jenna Miller started her company Puppies for Rent this summer in the Provo area as a way for students and others to rent puppies by the hour.The pups have been rented for first dates and surprise parties and by mothers rewarding their children. After signing a contract, customers can rent them for $15 an hour, $25 for two hours and $10 for each additional hour.Miller offers her seven puppies for playtime rentals, with each dog hand delivered straight to the customers’ door. Her lawyer brother helps her with legal contracts and fees. She now has four employees helping look after and deliver the animal.Carl Arky, spokesman for the Humane Society of Utah said his group is against the business. Puppies need consistency and stability in their lives, he said, and renting them to various people might affect the animals' growth and development.Miller said the animals are treated well and she has a 100 percent success rate so far finding them a permanent home. Money paid by renters goes toward adoption fees if they decide to own a puppy.65. Which of the following are not possible renters of the p uppies?A. Young lovers.B. Party organizers.C. Mothers.D. Scientific group members.66. Miller’s brother’s main responsibility is to _____.A. draft contractsB. deliver animalsC. find adoption familiesD. walk dogs67. Why is Carl in disagreement with the service?A. Because playing with pets is harmful to children’s health.B. Because some people will be cruel to the rented animals.C. Because unstable living environment is not good for animal’s growth.D. Because it will prohibit the puppies from finding a permanent home.(B)TENANCY AGREEMENTDEFINITIONSTHE LANDLORD Mrs Gloria Black of 6 Sutton Road, Cambridge CB5 7AQTHE TENANT Marina KahnPROPERTY 24a Wood Road, Cambridge CB2 8BGTOGETHER WITH CONTENTS (fixtures, furniture and equipment) specified in the inventory (attached)TERM from 1 st January 20 ___ to 31 st December 20 ___ (12 months)RENT £500 per calendar month, payable in advance on the first day of each monthDEPOSIT £500, payable on commencement of this AgreementAGREEMENTSA The Landlord may re-enter the Property and terminate this Agreement if the Rent or any part ofit is not paid within fourteen days after it becomes due.B The Landlord may bring the tenancy to an end at any time before the expiry of the Term (butnot earlier than six months from the Commencement Date of this Contract) by giving the Tenant not less than tw o months’ written notice stating that the Landlord requires possession of the Property.C The Landlord shall put the deposit with the Deposit Protection Service, and shall inform theTenant within 14 days of taking the deposit of the contact details of this service and details of how to apply for the release of the deposit from this service.TENANT’S OBLIGATIONS1Pay the Rent into the Landlord’s bank account at the times specified.2Pay for all water, gas and electricity consumed on the Property during the Term; and pay in full for all charges made for the use of the telephone on the Property during the Term.3Keep the interior of the Property during the Term in a good and clean state of repair, condition and decoration.4Permit the Landlord to enter the Property at all reasonable times; to inspect the Property and its contents; and to carry out any works of maintenance or repair to the Property; to show prospective new Tenants around the Property at the end of the tenancy.5Not take in any paying guest without the prior written consent of the Landlord.6Not use the Property other than as a private dwelling; nor carry on any profession, trade or business in the Property.7Not use any musical instrument, wireless or television between midnight and 7 am, nor permit any singing or dancing between these hours.8Not keep in the Property any cat, dog or other pet without the prior written consent of the Landlord.68. What’s the monthly rent of the property?A. £500.B. £575.C. £1000.D.£1500.69. What’s the landlord’s witness?A. A teacher.B. A librarian.C. A house agent.D. A bank clerk.70. Which of the following is allowed in the property?A. Watching TV at any time.B. Holding an all-night dancing party.C. Changing it into a business office.D. Entertaining friends with self-cooked meals.71. Which of the following is the right of the landlord?A. He can show new tenants around the property at any time.B. He can enter the property to inspect its contents.C. He can take back his property whenever he wants.D. He can keep the deposit for himself.(C)Does solving a math problem give you a headache? Do you feel nervous when you sit a math exam? For most students, math can be tough but scientists have proved that math problems can actually trigger physical pain.Scientists came to this conclusion with an in-depth experiment, which was published in the Public Library of Science One journal. They began by finding out how much participants fear math. Those involved were asked a series of questions such as how they feel when they receive a math textbook or when they walk into a math lesson.Based on their answers, participants were divided into groups. One group was made up of people who were particularly afraid of math and participants in the other group were more comfortable with the subject.Both groups were then given either math tasks or word tasks. When a math task was going to come next, a yellow circle would appear but when a word task was soon to come, a blue square would be shown.Using a brain-scan machine, scientists noticed that whenever people from Group One saw a yellow circle, their brain would respond in a way similar to when their body is feeling pain. It was like the pain they would feel, for example, if they burnt their hand on a hot stove. But they reacted less strongly when they knew that they would be faced with a word task.However, scientists saw no strong brain response from people in the second group.Math can be difficult, and for those with high levels of mathematics-anxiety (HMA), math is associated with tension, apprehension and fear. “When you are really thinking about the math problems, your mind is racing and you are worrying about all the things that could go wrong,”explained Ian Lyons from University of Chicago, US, leader of the study. “The higher a person’sanxiety of a maths task, the more he activated brain regions associated with threat detection, and the experience of pain.”More interestingly, the brain activity disappeared when participants actually started dealing with the math tasks. “This means that it’s not that math itself hurts; rather, the anticipation of math is painful,” Lyons said.Based on the study, scientists suggested that things could be done to help students worry less and move past their fear of math, which might mean they perform better in tests.72. In the first stage, scientists ask participants some questions to _____.A. see whether math hurtsB. find out how much they fear mathC. observe how their brain responseD. test their endurance of pain73. The underlined word “the anticipation of math” is closest in meaning to _____.A. the attempt of learning mathB. the motivation to work out math problemC. the effort to understand mathD. the act of thinking about math74. Which is the best title for the passage?A. How to overcome math fear.B. Physical pain affects math performance.C. Math pain in your brain.D. Unknown truth about pain.75. What can be concluded from the experiment?A. The anticipation of math has no relation to students’ confidence in math.B. Moderate mathematic anxiety promotes students’ academic performance.C. Effective solutions have been worked out to lower students’ anxiety of math.D. Physical pain caused by HMA disappears in the process of doing math problem.Section CDirections:Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.Britain may be the most red-headed country in the world. About 1 to 2 percent of the world’s population has red hair, but in the UK the numbers are much higher, with 13 percent of Scots, 10 percent of the Irish, and 6 percent of people in England having red hair, according to the BBC.Scientists have tried to explain why some people have red hair for some time and now they may have found an answer: the dull weather in Britain. The human body needs vitamin D from sunshine, but unfortunately people living in Britain do not have enough of it because of its maritime climate. In fact, Britain gets even more cloud than countries in the far north of Europe. In Sweden, for example, the average daily hours of sunshine is 5.4. In Scotland it is only 3.1 hours.To deal with this, the DNA of people living in these areas has changed slightly; scientists call this a mutation. Originally, the coloring on our body is a mixture of two kinds of melanin – black melanin and red/yellow melanin, but with certain parts of DNA changed, the production of black melanin is suppressed while only red/yellow melanin is made. The result is red hair, light skin color, freckles and a greater sensitivity to sunlight.However, what’s more interesting is that the redhead DNA mutation is recessive, which means it is hidden and can often skip generations without showing. At least 1.6 million Scots carry a red-head gene mutation, and most are unaware that they do. This is why a person who does not have red hair can still produce red-haired children if he or she is a carrier of this special DNA.The research on red hair, like many areas of science, is contradictory. In 2002 researchers showed that redheads are more sensitive to pain, and need more anaesthetic during surgery than people with blonde or dark hair. However, in 2005 scientists found that a MCR1R mutation gives redheads a higher tolerance for pain. Research into these aspects of red hair genetics continues. Redheads should though be more careful about their exposure to sunlight as they are at an increased risk of contracting skin cancer. If you are a redhead, the advice is not to stay out of the sun, but to be careful about how much exposure you get, and to cover yourself with a high factor sunscreen.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Pizza Hut lovers, you can now smell just like your favorite food. Pizza Hut launches its own perfume that smells like a fresh pizza pie. This is not a joke – although it started as one! While it might seem like an unusual venture for the brand famous for pizza, the company’s perfume is already available as a limited edition product.According to the Globe and Mail, the project started out as a joke by Grip Limited, an advertising firm that works with Pizza Hut in Canada, who asked the chain’s Facebook fans to imagine the pleasant smell of a fresh-delivered pie as a perfume – and to name it. Fans responded tothe idea so enthusiastically that Grip Limited decided to take the joke a step further and make the perfume a reality.A month and a half later, to celebrate that Pizza Hut Canada had gotten 100,000 fans, the chain's community managers announced that the first 100 people to message them would actually get a bottle of Pizza Hut perfume. And sure enough, the bottles were shipped to those 100 lucky fans before Christmas.Grip Limited isn’t the only company to attract attention with odd aromas（芳香）. Four years ago, Burger King offered a $4 meat-scented body spray for men. Before that in 2006, Stilton created a perfume meant to mimic（模拟）the scent of blue cheese.Pizza Hut Canada has not announced any plans to make more of the perfume in the future. But the chain also said in the release that it’s possible the perfume could appear in stores in the future. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)81. Some people consider the perfume a joke because they think Pizza Hut is a ______________.82. ___________________________ pushed Grip Limited to turn the joke into reality.83. Who are the lucky birds to get the perfume?______________________________________________.84. Why did Pizza Hut follow Burger King’s steps to release a perfume?______________________________________________.第II卷（共45分）I. Translation （20%）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 任何人都会犯错，但只有傻瓜坚持他的错误。

杨浦区2011学年度高三学科测试化学试卷 2011.12本试卷分为第I 卷(第1—4页)和第Ⅱ卷(第5—8页)两部分。

全卷共8页。

满分l50分，考试时间l20分钟。

第I 卷 (共66分)考生注意：1．答第I 卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写学校、姓名、准考证号，并用2B 铅笔正确涂写准考证号。

2．第I 卷(1-22小题)，由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。

考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用2B 铅笔涂黑。

注意试题题号和答题纸编号一一对应，不能错位。

答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。

答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上一律不给分。

相对原子质量：H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 F-19 S-32 Cl-35.5 Fe-56一、选择题(本题共10分，每小题2分，只有一个正确选项。

)1．卢瑟福的α粒子散射实验证明原子中存在A ．α粒子B ．电子C ．中子D ．原子核2．我国是世界最大的耗煤国家。

下列对煤综合利用的叙述错误的是A ．煤的气化是化学变化B ．煤的干馏是物理变化C ．煤的液化是化学变化D ．煤焦油分馏出苯的同系物是物理变化3．已知：C(金刚石，固)C(石墨，固) +1.9kJ ，则下列判断正确的是A ．金刚石转变为石墨可用右图表示B ．等质量的石墨比金刚石能量高C ．石墨比金刚石稳定D ．金刚石转化为石墨没有化学键的断裂与生成4．下列对化学用语的理解正确的是A 12C ，也可以表示13CB ．比例模型：表示二氧化碳分子，也可以表示水分子C ．电子式 ：表示羟基，也可以表示氢氧根离子D ．结构简式(CH 3)2CHOH ：表示2–丙醇，也可以表示1–丙醇5．下列物质发生变化时，所克服的粒子间相互作用属于同种类型的是A ．液溴和己烷分别受热变为气体B ．干冰和氯化铵分别受热变为气体C ．硅和铁分别受热熔化D ．氯化氢和蔗糖分别溶解于水二、选择题(本题共36分，每小题3分，只有一个正确选项。

【试卷总评】2012年上海高考化学卷，重点化学试题立足基础，注重能力考查。

试卷坚持对化学基础知识和基本技能的考查，所涉及的化学基本概念、基础理论、元素化合物、有机化合物、化学实验、化学计算等内容，注重基础知识与学科能力的有机结合，涉及环境监测、绿色化学、能源和能量和新材料等相关背景，注重化学与社会热点、工农业生产、科技新成就和日常生活等问题相结合，力图使试题有较好的区分度，以及从文字、图表等情景资料中获取信息的化学思维能力的考查。

试卷难度适中，注重梯度分布，贴近考生平时的学习和训练，有利于正常水平的发挥。

【试题解析】一、选择题(本题共10分，每小题2分，每题只有一个正确选项)1．今年3月修订的《环境空气质量标准》中新纳入的强制监测指标是A．PM2.5 B．NO x C．SO2D．可吸入颗粒物2．下列关于化石燃料的加工说法正确的是A．石油裂化主要得到乙烯B．石油分馏是化学变化，可得到汽油、煤油C．煤干馏主要得到焦炭、攥焦油、粗氨水和焦炉气D．煤制煤气是物理变化，是高效、清洁地利用煤的直要途径【答案】C【解析】石油裂化的目的是得到液体轻质燃料，A错；石油的分馏是物理变化；煤的气化是物理变化。

【考点定位】本题考查煤、石油的综合利用。

3．氮氧化铝(AION)属原于晶体，是一种超强透明材料．下列描述错误的是A．AlON和石英的化学键类型相同B．AlON和石英晶体类型相同C．AlON和Al2O3的化学键类型不同D．AlON和Al2O3晶体类型相同4．PH3是一种无色剧毒气体，其分于结构和NH3相似，但P-H键键能比N—H键键能低。

下列判断错误的是A．PH3分子呈三角锥形B．PH3分子是极性分子C．PH3沸点低于NH3沸点，因为P－H键键能低D．PH3分子稳定性低于NH3分子，因为N－H键键能高【答案】C【解析】从上到下，同一主族元素形成的气态氢化物的稳定性越来越弱，对应的化学键越来越强，沸点越来越低，C错。

高中化学学习材料唐玲出品杨浦区2012学年度第二学期高三质量调研（二）化学学科试卷2013.4考生注意：1．本试卷满分l50分，考试时问120分钟。

2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求；所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上；做在试卷上一律不得分。

3．答题前，考生务必在答题纸上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。

4．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

元素的相对原子质量：H—1 C—12 N—14 O—16 Na—23 Mg—24 Al—27 P—31 S—32 Cl—35.5 K—39 Ca—40 Fe—56 Cu—64 Br—80 Ag—108 I—127一、选择题（共10分，每小题2分，只有一个正确选项。

）1．为了降低PM2.5的浓度，2013年上海的汽油将实行“欧Ⅴ”标准，即A元素的含量要小于10ppm(百万分比浓度)，汽油中A常以C2H5AH的形式存在。

则“A”元素是指A．硫 B．氮 C．碳 D．氢2．符号“3p”没有给出的信息是A．能级 B．电子层 C．电子亚层 D．电子云在空间的伸展方向3．以下物质在空气中不会发生自燃的是A．P4 B．PH3 C．SiH4 D．Na4．下列有关高级脂肪酸的叙述中错误的是A．都不溶于水 B．都为固态 C．都比水轻 D．其钠盐是肥皂的主要成分5．相对原子质量原来以16O原子质量的十六分之一为标准，现在以12C原子质量的十二分之一为标准，二者相差0.0043%。

这两种标准中数值相同的是A．14N的质量数 B．氕原子的相对质量C．氯元素的相对原子质量 D．氟化钠的摩尔质量二、选择题（共36分，每小题3分，只有一个正确选项）6．原子个数相同、核外电子数相同的分子(离子)的空间构型相同。

以下微粒为三角锥形的是A．NH4+ B．H3O+ C．H2S D．CH47．以下物质的实验室制备不合理的是A．用铅皿制备HF B．用浓硫酸制备HIC．用磨砂接口的装置制备HNO3 D．用饱和食盐水代替水制备乙炔8．常压下，苯的沸点低于甲苯，熔点却高于甲苯。

高三学科测试 化学答案 第1 页 共2页杨浦区2011学年度高三学科测试化学答案及评分标准 2011.12一．选择题（每小题2分，共10分）1. D2. B3. C4. A5. A二．选择题（每小题3分，共36分）6. D7. C8. A9. B 10. B 11. B 12. C 13. D 14. C 15. C 16. D 17. B三．选择题（每小题4分，共20分）18.C 19. AD 20. AC 21. BD 22. BCII 卷说明： 除标明外，每空1分四、共8分23． 分子 ；共价键 24． 5； 25．Ca>Si>P>C>O （2分） 26．c d （2分，各一分）五、共8分27．2Fe 3++S 2—→2Fe 2+ +S ↓；SFe(SCN)3 (合理即可)。

2229．S 2—>Fe 2+>SCN — 30． 32+10OH —→2FeO 42—+ 6Cl —+8H 2O六、共8分31．C(s)+ H 2O(g)CO(g)+ H 2(g)（不写物质的状态也给分）（2分）； 吸热 32．a b （2分） 33．升高温度、增大水的浓度 34．0.004mol/(L ﹒min) 七、共12分35．36．把浓硫酸缓慢加入浓硝酸中，边加边振荡（2分）。

减少硝酸的分解和挥发37．苯和硝酸（2分）38．硝基苯和苯都比混合酸轻，但硝基苯比水重、苯比水轻且都不溶于水，所以若油珠下沉，说明有硝基苯生成。

（2分）39．分液漏斗。

用胶头滴管（或玻棒）取最后一次洗涤液，滴到pH 试纸上，测得pH=7。

40．蒸馏。

b八、共12分41．CO 32—+H 2O HCO 3—+2OH —；升温，促进水解，溶液碱性增强，使反应充分进行。

42．Fe 2O 3 +6H +→2Fe 3++3H 2O ， 2Fe 3+ +Fe →3Fe 2+43．铁粉不再溶解，铁粉表面不再有气泡产生44．100mL 容量瓶 Fe 3++3OH —→Fe(OH)3↓(合理即可)45．③灼烧（加热） ⑥恒重操作确保氢氧化铁完全分解成了氧化铁 46．0.07a （2分）Ca 2+ [:CC:]2— ． ． ． ．． ． NO 2高三学科测试 化学答案 第2 页 共2页九、共8分 47．4 48．2+ +H 2O （2分） 49．缩聚50．（2分） 1,2,3-三甲基苯 （2分） 十、12分51．醛基、碳碳双键 52．消除反应；加聚反应53．浓硫酸，加热；氢氧化钠溶液，加热54． （2分）55．（2分） 56．5（2分）十一、16分57．ClO 2 1.12 58． ①97% （2分） ②1.47g/L （2分）59． ①0.005mol 或0.042mol （4分）②0.036mol （3分）60．（3分）OH nCH 2=CCH 3 n CH 3 +nCH 2=C —CH=CH 2—C —CH 2—C=CH —CH 2] CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 2=CCOOH +H 2O 浓硫酸 △ CH 3 +HOCH 2CH 2OH CH 2=CCOOCH 2CH 2OH CH 3 O 2+ 2CH 3CHCH 3 2O CH 3 HO C CH 3 OH 36 (KBrO 3)OH CH 3。