CMost of the things around you will be replaced or thrown away someday. Where will they go when they are thrown out? What kinds of waste will t hey create, and how will it affect the environmentMost of our crash goes to places called landfills. A LANDFILL is a low area of land that is filled with garbage（垃圾）.Most modern landfills are lined with a cover of plastic to keep dangerous liquids（液体）from polluting earth and ground water supply. The problem is that more than half of the states in this country are running out of places to landfill their garbage. Because of the unhealthy materials, landfills do not make good neighbors，and people don’t want to live near them. Many landfills are set in poor neighborhoods.The Fresh Kills landfill on Staten Island, New York, was the largest garbage landfill in the world. For years, people who live nearby complained about air and water pollution caused by the enormous pile of trash. They say that the smoke have made people sick. The landfill closed in April 2001.Now can a harmful waste—material that can pollute air, land, and water –be disposed of in a safe way.Another way to get rid of trash is to burn it. Trash is burned in an incinerator._ Because incinerators in operation can get rid of almost all of the trash, some communities would rather use incinerators than landfills. There is a problem, though. Leftover ash and smoke from burning trash may have dangerous chemicals, and even make it hard for some people to breathe. They can harm plants, animals, and people.You can help reduce（减少）waste by reusing bottles, batteries, and paper. You can also recycle newspaper, glass, and plastics t to provide materials for making other products.From recycled materials, many things are made. For example, from recycled paper we can get newspapers, boxes and so on. From recycled plastic we can get soda bottles, tables, and backpacks.53. Why don’t landfills make good neighbors?A. Because there are unhealthy materials in them.B. Because people prefer to live in the city center.C. Because landfills are not big enough for trash.D. Because most states are running out of places.54. What does the underlined word ―incinerator‖_probably mean?A. An area to collect trash.B. A machine to burn trashC. A metho d that is used to burn trash.D.A station that is run by selling trash.55. What is probably the best title for the passage?A. How Is Trash Burned?B. What Can Be Reused.C. Why Is Waste Dangerous?D. Where Does Garbage Go?Nearly all kids have had the same experience. They are eating in a restaurant with their parents. They finished the spaghetti minutes ago. Now, t hey are bored. Their little brother is kicking them under the table. He is also complaining about the desserts(餐后甜点). Yet their parents are still eating and ta lking…and talking…and talking.―Be patient.‖ One parent says. ―We’ll have dessert soon.‖All kids know what happens next. After dessert, their parents drink coffee. Then they talk some more. Again, the children must wait. They have been in school all day and would rather be running and playing. Instead, they must sit in a chair and stare at a wall.Going to a restaurant doesn’t have to be this way. Many restaurants say they are ―family-friendly‖. Family restaurants, such as fast-food restaurants should play areas for children. At these restaurants, almost every pla y area is a big room full of climbing equipment. The room is usually, packed with happy kids. Parents can eat while the children play. Everyone is happy.The real problem begins when families want to eat a fancier meal(大餐). The parents don’t want to hurry through the meal but talk to each other. They do not have bored children pestering(烦扰) them about leaving. That’s no fun for kids either. For them, going to a nicer restaurant means just one thing: sit still and be quiet.On family blogs across the Web, dozens of parents post the same question all the time; are there any nicer restaurants with play areas for kids? Research shows that some nicer restaurants do have play areas. In warmer cities, it is easier for restaurants to build play areas outside. For example, at one restaurant kids can sail tiny little motor boats in a small, shallow pond. Parents can sit on a beautiful yard and watch the kids play. Some nicer restaurants even have indoor play areas. Research also shows that these restaurants serve more than just burgers, chickens and fries.So, it’s possible for a restaurant to provide both food and a place where kids can play. These restaurants seem to be popular, too. For some, families must have reservation days in advance. For oth ers, families might be forced to wait in long lines. Clearly, quality food and safe play areas are both good for business.56. Why do children get unhappy at the restaurant?A. Because they can’t join in their parents’ talk.B. Because the dessert isn’t served in time.C. Because they can do nothing but wait.D. Because the food there isn’t delicious.57. What is the real problem mentioned in the passage?A. Children don’t like eating fancier food.B. Not many nicer restaurants provide play areas.C. Parents don’t trouble to comfort their bored kids.D. People have to wait for seats in nicer restaurants.58. What conclusion can we draw from the research?A. It’s common for nicer restaurants to provide good f ood and play areas.B. Building play areas is more difficult for restaurants in colder cities.C. Serving more kinds of foods may help restaurants to make more money.D. It’s possible for restaurants to find a balance to make both happy.59. What does the writer mainly want to tell us?A. Cities need to help develop restaurant business.B. Children are supposed to be much more patient.C. Restaurants are supposed to give kids some space.D. Parents need to care more about their kids when eating.朝阳CYou’re buying a used car, moving into a new house, or deciding which doctor should treat your illness. These are times when you need to get directly to the core (核心) of an important matter.Asking general questions gets little valuable information and may even result in unreal answers, says Julia Minson, a visiting scholar in decision sciences at the University of Pennsylvania in the US. The best way, says Minson, is to ask a lot of questions that discover there are problems.Let’s say someone is selling a used iPod. An example of a general question is ―What can you tell me about it?‖A positive-assumption (正面推测) question is ―There aren’t any problems with it, right?‖ But a negative-assumption question, such as ―What problems have you had with it?‖will get the most h onest answer, found Minson and her team.In a study, 87% of the sellers warned the buyers to problems when asked a negative-assumption question, while 59% of those did the same thing to a positive-assumption one.When you want the truth, you have to ask for it. What problems does this car have? What are the worst parts of this job? How many people with my kind of illness have been successfully treated? Your questions should communicate that you are sure there will be difficulties and that you want to know about them.53. What can we do if we want the truth, according to the passage?A. Ask for it ourselves.B. Talk with honest people.C. Study it ourselves.D. Do some experiments.54. What kind of questions has the best result?A. General questions.B. Positive-assumption questions.C. Careful questions.D. Negative-assumption questions.55. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. How to Find Honest PeopleB. How to Talk with OthersC. How to Get an Honest AnswerD. How to Avoid Being CheatedDResearchers have recently discovered how to make families work more successfully. A surprising idea has appeared: the single most important thing you can do for your family, it seems, is to develop a family story.I first heard this idea in the mid-1990s from Marshall Duke, a professor at Emory University. Duke was studying stories in families when his wife, a children’s learning specialist, made a discovery: ―The students who know a lot about their families will do better when they face challenges (挑战),‖ Sara said.Interested, Duke set out to test her conclusion. He and Emory workmate Robyn Fivush developed a method called the ―Do You Know?‖ degree that asked children to answer 20 questions such as: Do you know where your grandparents grew up? Do you know where your mum and dad went to high school? Do you know about an illness or something really terrible that happened in your family?Duke and Fivush asked those questions to members of four dozen families in 2001. They then compared the children’s results with a group of psychological (心理学的) tests the children had taken and reached a conclusion that agreed to Sara’s theory. The more children knew about their families’ histories, the stronger their sense of control over their lives, the higher their self-respect, and the more successfully they believed their families worked from generation to generation (代代传承).―We were blown away,‖Duke said. The researchers mentioned the children after the terrible events of September 11, 2001. ―Once again,‖ Duke said, ―the ones who knew more about their families proved to be stronger.‖Why does knowing where her grandmother went to school help a child overcome something terrible and difficult? Duke said that children who have the most self-confidence have what he calls ―a strong intergenerational self‖. They know that they come from something bigger than themselves.Duke suggested that parents do the same activities with their children again and again. Any kind of activities work to teach the sense of history: holidays, vacations, big family get-togethers, even a drive to the shop. ―These traditions become part of your family,‖ Duke saidYears of research have shows that most happy families also communicate successfully, but it’s not simply a matter of talking through problems. Talking also means telling a positive (正面的) story about yourselves. When faced with a challenge, happy families, like happy people, just add a new chapter (章) to their life story that shows them overcoming the difficulty. This skill is very important for children when they are growing up.The bottom lines: if you want a happier family, create, refine and retell the story of your family’s best moments and your relations’ ability to overcome difficulty. That act alone may prove the fact that your family will thrive (兴旺) for many generations to come.56. What does the passage mainly tell us?A. Happy children are usually brought up in happy families.B. Our family is the most important place to teach children.C. There are many things for the young to learn from the old.D. Family history plays an important part when children grow up.57. What can the ―Do you know?‖ degree tell us?A. What relation in one’s family is.B. What story one’s family has had.C. How much one knows his family.D. How much one loves his family.58. The underlined sentence ―We were blown away‖in the passage may mean ―______.‖A. We were surprised very muchB. We were deeply movedC. We were .punished seriouslyD. We were completely lost59. Which of the following is true, according to the passage?A. The event of September 11, 2001 helped Duke draw his conclusion.B. Duke thinks that a strong intergenerational self is the most important..C. Duke and Sara’s research work led us to an unexpected conclusion.D. According to Duke, positive talks will add new chapters to one’s life.西城CPaperboyBy Vince Vawter What’s the basic story line?Little Man works as a paperboy for the summer, but has no idea that it willchange his attitudes towards life forever. His unexpected adventure leads himto new friends, problems, and worries. The job even puts his life in danger.What would you say about this book?It tells an interesting stor y, providing a deep understanding of the life ofsomeone in a special situation. —By Zach LewisHouse ofSecretsBy Ned Vizzini What’s the basic story line?A man writes a novel called The Book of Doom and Desire. The book is magical and has powers that could be harmful if misused. The writer puts a spell (符咒) on the book so nobody can use it. Some people want to find the book. Their search is very dangerous. What happens during their adventure? Read the book and find out.What would you say about this book?It includes funny stories, bravery and love. It is a great book from start to finish. —By Abhinav PiplaniBetter to WishBy Ann Martin What’s the basic story line?Abby Nichols is 8 years old and living with her parents in a small town inMaine during the Great Depression. She can’t imagine what her future holdsfor her. But Abby’s world is changing fast. There will be good-byes to say andhard choices to make. The story follows the ups and downs of Abby’s life.What would you say about this book?It is a book about how a girl deals with her problems. Thewriter shows readers the way a family grows. The story is about hope and life.—By Alaa OsmanMy Brother Is A Big, Fat LiarBy JamesPatterson Wha t’s the basic story line?Georgia Khatchadorian is entering Hills Village Middle School and thinks everything is going well. But things are different at HVMS. Her brother, Rafe, was kicked out because he broke all the rules. The teachers think that Georgia is just like her brother, so they give her bad grades. To make matters worse, some boys often pick on her. Will Georgia be able to change her reputation? What would you say about this book?It is very humorous, and readers will never want to put it down!—By Rylan J. Daniels53. What do Paperboy and House of Secrets have in common?A. They both tell honest people’s stories.B. They both include some adventure s tories.C. They both present a deep understanding of life.D. They both give advice on how to solve problems.54. According to My Brother Is A Big, Fat Liar, why is Georgia given bad grades?A. She puts her brother’s li fe in danger.B. She breaks all the rules like her brother.C. Her teachers believe that she will behave badly.D. She doesn’t study well and picks on her classmates.55. Where can we probably read this text?A. A personal diary.B. A website book review.C. A science report.D. A chemistry textbook.DImagine having an idea, drawing it on paper, bringing it to a store and seeing it turned into an object. This is now possible with the help of 3D printers. Such machines were once used just by universities and big companies, but now, stores with 3D printing services are appearing around the United States.Bryan Jaycox and his wife opened The Build Shop LLC in Los Angeles two years ago.The Jaycoxs offer 3D printing classes and services for anyone who is interested.―I think 3D printing is going to be huge. It’s going to have a huge influence on society as a whole.‖ says KiChong Tran, one of the students in a recent class. He plans to open a 3D printing business in Cambodia (柬埔寨).3D printing services are coming into American people’s life. The UPS Store is a nationwide retailer (零售商) that provides copying and other services. The UPS Store recently put 3D printers in three of its independently-owned stores. Burke Jones owns one of the stores in San Diego.―The demand has been amazing. There has been a lot of interest from people. It’s been much more than I would have imagined.‖The UPS Store plans to add 3D printers in three more stores.For $11, someone used a 3D printer to produce two small plastic parts as part of a knuckle (指节) for a hand. He works for the company which is testing finger prosthetics (假肢). He saysthe same–day or next-day printing services will speed up testing of parts and get them to patients faster.Staples, an American store, is selling 3D printers on its website for as low as about $1,300. As with any technology - experts expect the printing speed to increase and the price to go down.Bryan Jaycox requires $15 an hour to print an object. He also sets the price depending on the size of the object and up to $50 an hour for design and labor services.Mr Jaycox thinks that within five years, 3D printing technology could become more user friendly. But KiChong Tran says even today’s technology can make a difference in a developing country like Cambodia.―With 3D printing you can give them tools, so they are responsible more for their own development and they learn skills beyond just like learning English and becoming a tour guide or something like that. Y ou can actually create things that give value to the world.‖He says it’s no t just Cambodia but anywhere where there is a 3D printer, it can turn a good idea into reality.56. What can 3D printers do according to the passage?A. Come up with an idea.B. Draw on a piece of paper.C. Help users to spend less money.D. Turn an idea into a physical object.57. What does the underlined part mean in this passage?A. Make users’ life better.B. Make friends with users.C. Make 3D printers easier to use.D. Use 3D printers to make money.58. What can we infer from the passage?A. 3D printing is becoming popular in the world.B. There is no 3D printing busi ness in Cambodia.C. The UPS Store is the biggest 3D printing company.D. 3D printing plays the most important role in daily life.59. What’s the passage mainly about?A. The future of 3D printing in the world.B. The 3D printing business in Cambodia.C. The development and growth of 3D printing business.D. The 3D printing classes and services in different places.房山CSome people think that success is only for those with talent（才能）or those who grow up in the right family, and others believe that success mostly comes down to luck. I’m not going to say luck, talent, and situation s don’t come into play because they do. Some people are born into the right family while others are born with great talent, and that’s just what life is.However, to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical. And, what’s more, in order to get really good at something, one needs to spend at least 10,000 hours studying and practicing. To become great at certain things, it’ll require even more time that most people won’t put in.This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love. If you don’t enjoy what you do, it is going to feel like unbearable（难以承受的）pain and will likely make you give up well before you ever become good at it.When you see people showing some great skills or having achieved great success, you know that they have put in a huge part of their life to get there at a huge cost. It’s sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were born with some unusual talent, but thinking that way does you no good, and there’s a huge chance that you’re wrong anyway.Whatever you do, if you want to become great at it, you need to work day in and day out, almost to the point of addiction(着迷), and over a long period of time. If you’re not willing to put in the time and work, don’t expect to receive any rewards. Continual, hard work won’t guarantee that you will get the level of success you may want, but it will guarantee that you will become really good at whatever it is you put all that work into.53. What can we infer from the passage?A. Successful people enjoy doing all kinds of work.B. People sometimes succeed without luck or talent.C. Successful people like to show their great skills.D. People will succeed in life if they set good goals.54.What does the word ―guarantee‖ in the last paragraph mean?A. keep upB. carry outC. look aheadD. make sure55. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Having a goal is important to success.B. Being good is different from being great.C. One cannot succeed without time and practice.D. Luck, talent and family help to achieve success.DIt is natural for young people, at times, to blame their parents for most of the misunderstandings between them. They have always complained(抱怨) that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they do not trust their children to deal with trouble; that they talk too much about certain problems，and that they have no sense of humor, at least in parent-child relations. I think it is true that parents often look down upon their teenage children and also forget how they themselves felt, when young.For example, young people like doing things without careful thinking：it is one of their ways of showing that they can accept a challenge(挑战). Older people worry more easily：most of them plan things ahead, at least in the back of their minds, and do not like their plans to be upset by something unexpected.So my advice to you is this：when you want to borrow the family car or get your mother to mend something for you, you will have better success if you can possibly ask ahead of time.Young people often make their parents feel angry with their choices in clothes and hairstyles，in singers and music. This is not the main reason. They feel cut off from the adult world. So they create a culture and society of their own. Then, if it turns out that their music and singers, or vocabulary, clothes and hairstyles make their parents feel angry, this gives them more enjoyment. They feel they are better, at least in a small way, and they are leaders in style and taste.Sometimes you don’t obey because you do not want your parents to accept what you do. If they did accept, it looks as if you are tricking（辜负）your own age group. But in that case, youare supposing that you are the underdog：you can’t win but at least you can keep your honor. This is not an active way of looking at things. It is natural enough，after long years of childhood, when you were completely under your parents’ control. But it doesn’t notice the fact that you are now beginning to be responsible for yourself.If you plan to control your life, co-operation(合作) can be part of the plan. You can make others, especially parents, respect you with your sense of responsibility, so that they will give you the right to do what you want to do.56. The writer is mainly talking to _________.A. parents of teenagersB. newspaper readersC. teachersD. teenagers57. The first paragraph is mainly about ________.A. the teenagers’ complaints about their parentsB. the teenagers’ ability to deal with trouble in lifeC. the parents’ complai nts about their childrenD. misunderstandings between teenagers and their parents58. The word ―underdog‖ in the 5th paragraph refers to a person who.A. keeps dogs as petsB. has little chance to succeedC. looks down upon othersD. likes to cheat his own age group59. We can infe r from the pa ssage thatA. teenagers can’t join adult society because they have their own cultureB. it is impossible for young people to get along well with older peopleC. it is true for older people to forget how they felt when they were youngD. older people often lead the way in clothes, hairstyles, singers and music顺义CA famous study was done in a school by a professor from a university. At the start of the school year, the teachers were given the names of five children. They were told that these five were the most excellent students in the class. But the fact was that these students were only average，and they were not the best students at all. Well, guess what? At the end of the year, all the five average students scored among the highest in the class.What made these average students change so much to become top students？The only difference was the change in their teachers’ attitude. Because the teachers believed that these five kids were the top students，they expected more from them. And so these five average students began to believe and expect more from themselves. So they worked harder to do as well as they could.Do you know why? If you expect the best from people, they’ll usually want to give you their best. A great leader said, ―Treat a person just how he appears to be on the outside, and you’ll make him even worse. But treat a person like he’s already a success，and you’ll help make him the best he can be.‖Like the true story of 7-year-old Johnny, his teacher got so angry with him that one day she said，―Johnny，you’re the naughtiest boy in this class. I’m sure you’ll never change.‖ The next year Johnny had a new teacher. And on the first day of class，she met with Johnny after school and said，―Johnny, I’ve heard a lot about you! But do you know that I don’t believe a word of it.‖ And every day after that, this new teacher treated Johnny as if he was one of the smartest students even when Johnny did naughty things. Later on, Johnny became a school leader. Because that’s thepower of our belief and attitude toward children.53. The professor started his researchby _______.A. teaching the five children himselfB. asking the five children to find a new teacherC. telling the five students to work harder than ever beforeD. telling the teacher the five students were the best in the class54. The five average students became top students mainly because of ________.A. the professor’s studyB. the teachers’hard workC. the change in the teachersD. the change in the teachers’ attitude55. What does the passage mainly tell us？A. Attitude and belief can change a person.B. Only teachers can make you a top student.C. A professor’s study can help you score highest.D. If you want to get more，you should have new teachers.DSometimes people are not clear about what kind of food is healthy, and what kind of food may do harm to our health. The USDA has prepared a food guide to help people learn about which kind of food is the healthiest to eat. The food guide describes six main food groups: meat (like fish and chicken), dairy (like milk and cheese),grains (like bread and rice), fruit and vegetables. The last group is fats and sweets. The USDA also suggests how much of each food group is healthy to eat daily. Though this guide was prepared by the US government, it is very useful for people all over the world.As a result of years of study, we know that too much animal fat is bad for our health. For example, Americans eat a lot of meat and only a small amount of grains, fruit and vegetables. Because of the way they eat, they have a high rate of cancer and heart disease. In Japan, people eat large amounts of grains and very little meat. The Japanese also have a very low rate of cancer and heart disease. The Japanese live longer than anyone else in the world. However, when Japanese people move to the US, the rate of heart disease and cancer goes up as their eating habit changes. And as hamburgers, ice creams and other high-fat foods become popular in Japan, the rate of heart disease and cancer is going up there as well. People are also eating more meat and dairy food in other countries, in which the disease rate is going up along with the change of the way people eat. Doctors everywhere suggest people eat more grains, fruit and vegetables and less meat and dairy food.Eating healthily is important for children as well as their parents. When parents have poor eating habits, their children usually do, too. After all, children eat in the same way as their parents. When parents eat healthy food, the children will learn to enjoy it, too. Then they will develop good eating habits. Doctors suggest parents give their children healthier food such as fruit, vegetables and juice.Everyone wants to live a long, healthy life. We know that the food we eat affects us in different ways. For example, doctors believe that fruit and vegetables can really protect people from many different diseases. On the other hand, animal fat can cause diseases. We can change our eating habits now and enjoy many years of healthy living.56. What is the USDA in the passage?。
