河南省名校2015届高三上学期期中考试英语试题及答案

2014～2015学年第一学期期中考试试题高三文科综合能力测试说明：本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分300分，考试时间150分钟。

请将第Ⅰ卷各题所选答案涂在答题卡上，将第Ⅱ卷试题的答案写在答题卡上，考试结束只交答题卡，本试卷自己保存。

第I卷（选择题共140分）第Ⅰ卷共35小题，每小题4分，共140分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1．已知下图所示地区全部为白昼，下列四幅图能够正确反映Y点位置的是读我国2014年1月13西北某地等高线和等压线分布图，图中天气系统移动速度为120km／天，回答2-3题。

2. 根据图示信息，说法正确的是（）A.地形以高原丘陵为主B.河流径流量小，季节变化大、年际变化小C. 陡崖相对高度可能为850米D. 图中山峰和城市的相对高差为900—1000米3. 此时图中城市的风向及24—36小时之间城市可能的天气状况为A. 偏北风雨雪、降温B. 偏南风气压降低、天气晴朗C. 偏南风雨雪、降温D. 偏北风气压降低、天气晴朗读某大陆沿西海岸线降水量空间变化图（下图），回答4-6题。

4．该大陆是A．南美大陆B．澳大利亚大陆C．非洲大陆D．亚欧大陆5．图中纬度10°～20°地区降水少的主要原因是A．纬度低，蒸发旺盛B．终年盛行东北信风，水汽含量少C．沿岸有势力很强的寒流流经，降温减湿明显D．受副热带高压控制，盛行下沉气流6．关于图示区域的叙述正确的是A．纬度10°～30°地区流水侵蚀地貌广布B．降水量空间变化主要受地形和洋流的影响C．纬度40°～60°地区植被为常绿阔叶林D．纬度30°～40°地区冬季水循环更强烈下图为我国华北某城市房价等值线图。

回答完成7-8题题。

7.图中房价最可能相等的地点是A．E、M B．D、M C．M、N D．D、E8.如单纯考虑该城市的空气清新、环境优美因素，选择购房的地点最适宜在A．M B．F C．E D．N读下面“粤、苏、贵、桂四省区2010年和2050年老年人口比重变化趋势图”，完成9-11题。

2014～2015学年第一学期期中考试试题高三文科综合能力测试说明：本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分300分，考试时间150分钟。

请将第Ⅰ卷各题所选答案涂在答题卡上，将第Ⅱ卷试题的答案写在答题卡上，考试结束只交答题卡，本试卷自己保存。

第I卷（选择题共140分）第Ⅰ卷共35小题，每小题4分，共140分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

12.2013年9月25日，国土资源部明确要求，北京、上海、广州、深圳等一线热点城市，要比照前3～5年住宅用地平均供地量，持续加大住宅用地供应力度，以稳定住房价格。

下列曲线中能够反映这一关系的是13.杭州、宁波等地在农村土地流转过程中实行的‚土地换股权‛模式得到有关部门、专家肯定。

‚土地换股权‛模式的实质在于，在农村土地流转和村办企业建设的过程中，农民可以将土地承包权作为资产入股，并享受分红。

对该模式的理解正确的是：①产生的收入属于按生产要素分配收入②产生的收入属于按劳分配收入③改变了农村土地集体所有性质④有利于维护农民土地承包权益A.①②B.②③C.③④D.①④14.2014年国务院《政府工作报告》指出，今年居民消费价格涨幅要控制在3.5%左右。

从防止物价过快上涨的角度看，下列做法正确的是A．人民币升值→商品出口量增加→外汇流入增多→商品价格水平下降B．增加投资→扩大生产规模→单位商品价值量下降→商品价格水平下降C．提高存贷款利率→流通中的货币量减少→有效需求降低→商品价格水平下降D．发行国债→增加货币供应量→减少消费需求→商品价格水平下降15.2013年12月12日，财政部、国家税务总局印发《营业税改征增值税试点实施办法》，自2014年1月1日起在全国执行。

作为国内结构性减税的重要措施，‚营改增‛将对以前缴纳营业税的产品或服务项目，采取增值部分纳税的原则，减少重复征税。

小规模纳税人由于征收率的降低以及增值税价外税特征导致的税基缩小，税负得以下降。

2022-2023学年河南省部分名校高三上学期10月联考语文考生注意:1.本试卷满分150分,考试时间150分钟。

2.答题前,考生务必用直径毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。

3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。

选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。

4.本卷命题范围:高考范围。

一、现代文阅读(36分)(一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题，9分)阅读下面的文字，完成1~3题。

传统观念中对于贫困的定义常以经济收入作为单一衡量标准，其本质是一种绝对贫困、生存贫困的界定。

随着人类社会的发展和文明的演进，不少学者在关于贫困的探讨中引入了“发展”视角，如阿马蒂亚·森在《以自由看待发展》一书中提出了能力贫困观和权利贫困观，以“可行能力”作为衡量贫困的标准，对贫困进行了新的解读与测量。

贫困概念从“收入”向“能力”的认知界定转向，也促使扶贫实践研究经历了从“扶物”到“扶志”的转变。

近年来,随着国家“精准扶贫”的深入推进，不少国内学者开始关注到扶贫实践中贫困者的贫困心理问题。

研究人员发现，很多时候收入的增加却难以消除贫困者的贫困“主观体验”，也无法消除他们根植于深层的社会剥夺感,甚至有时会使情况愈加恶化，使贫困人产生社会排斥情绪，重新陷入物质贫困的泥沼.……这实际上已涉及了贫困心理困境的议题。

为此，要想真正唤起贫困者的脱贫斗志、激发其内在发展动力，不能仅仅以政策制定者的视角进行设计，也要了解和解决贫困者长期存在的心理阻碍。

从影响因素角度将贫困心理大致分为以下几种类型，即个体性心理困境、社群性心理困境和制度性心理困境。

个体性心理贫困强调个人家庭际遇和个性品质因素单独或综合作用下所产生的负面心态，如子女缺位导致的悲观心理，安于现状、不思进取、依赖救助的懒汉心理等。

2015届高三英语名校试题解析分项汇编（第01期）专题17 书面表达（含解析）1.【2015届河北保定市高三调研试题】假设你是学生会主席李华，学生会打算招募一位校报英文版的编辑，请你用英文以“An English Editor Wanted”为题目写一则招聘启事。

内容要点如下：1、要求：英文与美术皆好；能熟练使用电脑；2、工作内容：选择与编辑同学们的英文来稿；3、有意者请在下周五前与学生会联系。

注意：1．词数100左右2．不要逐字翻译，可适当发挥。

【答案】An English Editor WantedOur school newspaper is in great need of an editor for its English edition, whose job is to pick out and edit the English articles from students that are appropriate for teenagers. Anyone who wants to apply for the job must meet the following requirements: First, he/she should be good at English and have a good taste for art. Second, he/she should be able to operate the computer skillfully. Third, he /she should show a willingness to give up some of his/her spare time to serve the students.Those who are interested in the job and meet the requirements please get in touch with the Student Union before next Friday.2.【北京市东城区2015届高三上学期期末教学统一检测】第一节（15分）美国高中生Mike将来北京参加冬令营活动，你家是他的接待家庭。

湖北省高中名校联盟2025届高三第二次联合测评历史试卷本试卷共6页，19题。

满分100分。

考试用时75分钟。

注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。

写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。

一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题3分，共45分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1．2023年，湖北省文物考古研究所在荆门屈家岭遗址发掘出距今5100年的熊家岭水利系统（见下图），包括水坝、蓄水区、灌溉区和溢洪道等，是已知构成要素最为齐备的史前水利系统。

该水利系统（）屈家岭遗址熊家岭史前水坝示意图A．顺应了小农经济发展的基本要求B．证明社会协同机制较为完善C．为当时先民改造自然的优秀成果D．侧面反映当时水患灾害频发2．西汉武帝时期，正式确立皇后制度。

立皇后为皇帝的嫡妻，再加上众多的嫔妃，以及一大批女官、宫女、宦官等人，一起组成后宫；后宫人员分成十几个等级，与外朝官僚机构的爵位、等级、俸禄挂钩。

这一举措（）A．对中枢决策机制形成冲击B．有利于封建王朝的稳定C．直接导致外戚干政的局面D．提高了皇族的政治地位3．北魏立国之初，道武帝即推行部落离散政策，解散贺兰、独孤、慕容等部族，实行计口授田。

此后，被征服的塞北及关陇以西的部族，也被北魏迁徙以远离故地。

由此，北魏时期少有部族乱事。

据此判断，该政策（）①弱化了各部族的政治差异②顺应了部落的农耕化趋势③破除了门第对政治的束缚④有效加强王朝内部凝聚力A．①②③B．①②④C．①③④D．②③④4．北宋及以前，绘画几乎都是全景构图，一座山，一棵树，一株花，一座假山等等都是完整的全景。

第一部分听力（略）第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40 分）第一节（共15 小题；每小题2 分，满分30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AWhen I was 11, I threw a glance into Dad’s lunch box and made the unexpected discovery that my mother still showed her love towards my father. The evidence, a napkin resting on top of the sandwiches packed in wax paper, was certain “Love you!” she had written on the napkin. “ Meat loaf for supper!”Mom penned all kinds of messages to Dad on those paper napkins, and he saved a whole pile of them. What embarrassed me as a kid has become a precious memory of my parents.It also started my own brand of lunch bo x notes. When my kids were young, I’d glue little drawings on their lunches. Lots of sketches(素描) of our dog, Max, along with smiling flowers. When they were teenagers, I’d copy words of wisdom from great people, Einstein, for example, or Bruce Springsteen. Then, my kids grew up making their own handwritten notes. And my husband writes me love notes on recycled paper, because he’s all about being green.Friends who know about my lunch box notes eagerly share stories of their own family traditions. So many f ocus on food. Maura’s mom always drew hearts on the shells of hard-boiled eggs. Melinda wrote messages on her kids’ bananas.We’re into the third generation of lunch box notes in our home. Whenever my 3-year-old grandson, Clayton, spends the night, he knows his lunch is going to have a napkin note from Grandma in the morning. Last week, I drew a picture of me, waving widely and shouting his name. He took one look at it and screamed, “ Where’s Grandpa?” I added a man in a clean shirt. “ You forgot his tie,” he said. I quickly drew a line of stripes(条纹) down the front of the shirt. Clayton smiled. “Grandpa,” he whispered, running his fingers across the napkin. “It’s you!”21.When the author first saw Dad’s lunch box notes, she felt .A. movedB. awkwardC. proudD. nervous22.What did the author put in the lunch boxes when her kids were in their teens?A.Words of love.B. Pictures of flowers.C. Drawings of their favorite animals.D. Famous words of wisdom23.It can be inferred that .A.the author’s grandson likes drawing pictures on napkins.B.the author’s children dislike making lunch box notes.C.the author’s husband is an environmentalist.D.the author’s friends all had their brand of lunch box notes.24.What’s the best title for the text?A.Old generation’s way of expressing love.B. Different brands of lunch box notes.C. Lunches packed with love.D. Some interesting family traditions.BLiving near the beach may come with an extra perk (利益): better health. A new study analyzed information from more than 48 million people in England and found that the nearer they lived to the coast, the more likely people were to report good health within the past year.Living near the coast may be associated with better health because the seaside environment reduces stress, the researchers said. They pointed to another British study that found that people who took trips to the coast experienced more feelings of calmness and relaxation than those who visited urban parks or the countryside.The difference from living near the coast was relatively small. But a small effect, when applied to an entire population, can have a substantial impact on public health, said study researcher Ben Wheeler of Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry in Exeter, England.However, it’s too soon to advise people to hit the beach to improve health, Wheeler said. The study only found an association, not a cause-effect link, and it’s possible that other factors could explain the results. For instance, it could be that people who are wealthier, and therefore healthier, are more able to move to desired locations such as the coast, Wheeler said, a phenomenon known as the migrant effect. But the study did find that the association between coastal living and better health was strongest for those living in the poorest areas, which perhaps indicates that wealth cannot explain the results, Wheeler said.Because the study looked at only England—an island country in which everyone lives within 72 miles of the coast—it’s not clear whether the findings w ould apply to other populations. Far from England, a health expert not involved in the study said that while the British research certainly doesn’t prove that people’s health and the place they live are linked, it’s possible that proximity to the seas does something for our bodies.If future studies confirm the results, the next step would be to find out it is what coastal environments that can benefit health. Wheeler said it may then be possible to bring those benefits to people living in other areas, through virtual environments, for instance.25.We can conclude from the passage that .A.people are encouraged to move to the coastB.people living near the sea may be healthier.C.people pay increasingly attention to healthD.people are worried about residential environment26.According to the researchers, living near the sea .A.doesn’t nearly affect the British populationB. can cure some difficult diseases in a wayC. can help get over one’s stressD. means freeing from sadness or troubles27.What Ben Wheeler said means .A.the British public health is decreasingB.concrete evidence favors life near the seaC.wealthier people are likely to be healthierD.exact reasons are proposed for further research28.What does the underlined word “proximity” in the passage mean?A. being closeB. being distantC. being similarD. being oppositeCAs we know, Julian Beever is an international well-known sidewalk chalk artist whose drawings have appeared on the streets of London, Buenos Aires, Paris, New York, and countless other cities around the world. Beever creates drawings that look completely three- dimensional when seen from the correct angle.Now, in his book, Pavement chalk artist: Thethree-dimensional drawings of Julian Beever, the artist shares some of his most fascinating and humorous pieces, Here are a fewexamples you’ll find in the book.●P hiladelphia eagleIn Pennsylvania, Beever created “Philadelphiaeagle ”a huge drawing with an eagle landingsuccessfully on an American national flag.●M eeting Mr. Frog“Meeting Mr. Frog” was created in Salamanca, Spain, and is about arealistic-looking frog sitting on a Lily pad.●S wimming pool in the high streetMy personal favorite is “Swimming pool inthe high street” from Brussels, which is abouta woman relaxing in a swimming pool a swimmingpool sunk into the middle of the street, that is!Along with an introduction about his background, Beever includes adescription of the techniques he used and the challenges he overcame withevery drawing. He shares information about his time at home in the UK.and abroad; there is a fun story to back up each piece of art.Beever’s artwork is truly jaw drooping. You’re sure to spend ages turning the leaves back and forth, surprised at how one man can create what looks like a three-dimensional design on a flat surface with just a bit of chalk. From animals to superheroes to famous buildings, the paintings are a wonder to lay eyes on.＊Payment chalk artist: The three-dimensional drawings of Julian Beever is surely worth a look. And another look. This 112-page hardcover book is available now from Firefly Books at a list price of $ 29.9529.What do we know about the book mentioned in the text?A.It has a paper cover.B. It hasn’t been published.C. It includes some drawing techniques.D. It’s a biography of Julian Beever.30.What does the underlined part “ jaw dropping” most probably mean?A. Romantic.B. Amazing.C. Frightening D . Depressing.31.We can infer that the t ext is .A.a book review.B. a description of street art.C. an advertisement for a new book.D. an introduction to an artist.DPeople are being lured (引诱) onto Facebook with the promise of a fun, free service without realizing they’re paying for it by giving up large amounts of personal information. Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send targeted messages.Most Faceboo k users don’t realize this is happening. Even if they know what the company is up to, they still have no idea what they’re paying for Facebook because people don’t really know what their personal data is worth.The biggest problem, however, is that the company keeps changing the rules. Early on, you keep everything private. That was the great thing about facebook — you could create your own little private network. Last year, the company changed its privacy rules so that many things — your city, your photo, your friends' names—were set, by default (默认) to be shared with everyone on the Internet.According to Facebook’s vice-president Elliot Schrage, the company is simply making changes to improve its service, and if people don’t share information, they have a“less satisfying experience”.Some critics thin k this is more about Facebook looking to make more money. Its original business model, which involved selling ads and putting them at the side of the page, totally failed. Who wants to look at ads whenthey’re online connecting with their friends?The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water in Washington. In April, Senator(议员) Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Federal Trade Commission to set guidelines for social-networking sites. “I think the senator rightly communicated that we had not been clear about what the new products were and how people could choose to use them or not to use them,” Schrage admits.I suspect that whatever Facebook has done so far to invade our privacy is only the beginning, which is why I’m considering deactivating(撤销) my account. Facebook is a handy site, but I’m upset by the idea that my information is in the hands of people I don’t know. That’s too high a price to pay.32.What do we learn about Facebook from the first paragraph?A.It is a website that sends messages to targeted users.B.It makes money by putting on advertisements.C.It provides loads of information to its users.D.It profits by selling its users’ personal data.33.Why does Facebook make changes to its rules according to Elliot Schrage?A.To provide better service to its users.B. To follow the Federal guidelines.C. To improve its users’ connectivity.D. To expand its scope of business.34.What does Senator Charles Schumer advocate?A.Setting guidelines for advertising on websites.B.Banning the sharing of users’ personal information.C.Removing ads from all social-networking sites.D.Formulating(制订) regulations for social-networking sites..35.Why does the author plan to cancel his Facebook account?A.He is dissatisfied with its current service.B. He doesn’t want his personal data abused.C. He finds many of its users untrustworthy.D. He is upset by its frequent rule changes.第二节（共5 小题；每小题2 分，满分10 分）根据下列短文内容，从文章后的选项中选出能入空白处的最佳选项。

绝密★启用前齐鲁名校联盟2022——2023学年高三年级联考英语考生注意：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AThe Ryman Prize is an international award aimed at encouraging the best and brightest thinkers in the world to focus on ways to improve the health of older people.The world's ageing population means that in some parts of the globe—including much of the Western world—the population aged75＋is expected to almost triple（增至三倍）in the next30 years.Older people face not only the severe threat of COVID-19,but also the burden of chronic diseases including Alzheimers and diabetes.At the same time the health of older people is one of the most underfunded and poorly resourced areas of research.We're offering a$250,000annual prize for the world's best discovery,development,advance or achievement that enhances quality of life for older people.The Ryman Prize is awarded each year by the Prime Minister of New Zealand.It was first awarded in2015to Gabi Holows,co-founder of the Hollows Foundation,for her tireless work to restore sight for millions of older people in the developing world.Since then world-leading researchers Professor Henry Brodaty,Professor Peter St George-Hyslop,Professor Takanori Shibata,Dr MichaelFehlings and Professor Mia Kivipelto have all won the prize for their outstanding work.In2021Professor Kenneth Rock wood,a Canadian geriatrician,academic and anti-ageism campaigner whose research into frailty（虚弱）has had a huge impact，was awarded the prize by Jacinda Ardern,Prime Minister of New Zealand.If you have a great idea or have achieved something remarkable,we would love to hear from you.Entries for the2022Ryman Prize will close at5pm on Friday,Dec.30,2022(New Zealand time).Go to for more information.21.What is the aim of the Ryman Prize?A.To encourage people to donate more to help the elderly.B.To stimulate fresh efforts to tackle the problems of old age.C.To call on people across the world to take part in a competition.D.To introduce the achievements in improving older people's life.22.What does the author mainly intend to tell us in paragraph2?A.The definition of aging population.B.The common diseases older people may suffer.C.The rapidly growing number of older people.D.The background of setting the prize.23.How many Ryman Prizes have been awarded?A.5.B.6.C.7.D.4.BToday's gift was to my friend Oscar in Portland who is unhorsed.I got him a$50Kroger card so that he can buy fresh fruits and vegetables.Oscar and I have been talking a lot about gut（肠道）health and how important nutrition is.Oscar told me that it's really hard to get good food.Most of what is given out is past the sell-by dates.He is always grateful for the food，but he has an autoimmune（自身免疫的）disease so these kinds of foods are really making it worse.Now that spring is here,hopefully,he can get fresher produce.I told him about the book I'm reading by Will Bulsiewicz,MD called Fiber Fueled.I'm learning so much.Today is day70since I started learning to make meals just from plants.The more I learn about plant-fueled eating,the better I feel about this decision.And this book is specifically about taking advantage of the body's capacity to cure itself.So my friend ordered the audio from the library and it will come in soon.He wants to learn about this too since he has serious autoimmune issues.That's why he lost his job and then his apartment.Oscar is a young man I can help.I want him to heal,and find a job and a home again.I know he can do it.And I won't stop helping him until that happens.I told him that.Once my social security checks come in,I plan to make sure he gets Kroger cards every time I get paid so that he has plenty of healthy produce.Oscar's page on Twitter is@MyHomelessMeals.More than anything,he shows gratitude for every single person who helps him on a daily basis.He always shares what we send if he can,too. He recently joined Service Space because he said their Mission Statement is aligned with his values.He's quite an exceptional young man.24.Why did the foods Oscar received make his disease worse?A.They are rich in fat.B.They are a little raw.C.They are hard to digest.D.They are not so fresh.25.What's the main idea of the third paragraph?A.The author introduced a proper book to Oscar.B.Oscar's disease made him lose everything.C.Oscar wanted to cure his disease quickly.D.The author gave Oscar a book as a gift.26.How will the author help Oscar cure his illness?A.By helping Oscar get a well-paid job.B.By making sure Oscar can get healthy food.C.By recommending some restaurants to Oscar.D.By introducing Oscar to some famous doctors.27.What does the underlined part"is aligned with”in the last paragraph probably mean？A.Transforms.B.Matches.C.Allows.D.Controls.CJessica Damiano moved into a new home in the spring of2005.At the time,she was delighted to see a flowering plant growing in the garden.She did not know the name of the beautiful plant.But that did not matter to her.She loved it!Two years later,Damiano graduated from Cornell University's master gardener program.She worked as a gardening writer for a local newspaper.That is when she found out the truth.She discovered that her favorite plant was called purple loose strife and that it was considered"invasive （入侵的）"in her home state of New York.However，she told herself that the plant was not spreading on the property and that it was not out of control.Then she learned more.Some plants known to be invasive are what Damiano calls"wolves in sheep's clothing."This means they may seem harmless and well-contained in the garden but become harmful in other places.Birds eat the seeds of invasive plants and spread them to other places.Those seeds grow into new plants that outgrow native plants.This is because invasive plants often are not eaten by local wildlife,which would otherwise keep them under control.If not controlled,invasive plants grow larger and push out native plants that provide food and shelter for birds,insects,and small animals. This harms the local environment.Many state environmental agencies ban the sale and use of plants found to be harmful to human or ecological health.But some invasive plants are not officially considered invasive. Others may be listed as invasive in one area but not another.And some invasive plants continue to be sold in stores.So,what is a gardener to do?Damiano says to avoid any plants sold as"vigorous" "fast-spreading""quick-climbing"or a“rapid self-sower".She warns that these are all sellers'code words（暗号）for invasive plants.Next，learn about your local area：Which plants are invasive？And which plants are native?Ask government agencies,universities and colleges,and environmental groups.You can also do your own research at libraries or online.In the end,Damiano replaced that plant with the native and equally beautiful blazing star plant.This plant has been growing happily without problems in her garden for the past15years.28.How did Damiano react when she first learned purple loose strife was“invasive”?A.She felt regretful for loving it.B.She reported it to the government.C.She didn't take the fact seriously.D.She got rid of the plant immediately.29.Why can invasive plants grow better than native plants?A.They need less water.B.They have fewer natural enemies.C.They adapt to the environment quicker.D.They have longer roots and bigger leaves.30.What does the author mainly intend to express in paragraph5?A.Policies about invasive plants vary in different areas.B.Some invasive plants are not harmful.C.Invasive plants are rarely seen in stores.D.The government's attitude to invasive plants is improper.31.Which is a method the gardener can use to avoid planting invasive plants?A.Give up any plants that sell well in the local area.B.Choose plants that can provide food for wild animals.C.Refuse to say the code words of sellers for invasive plants.D.Refer to books for information on which plants are invasive.DTraci and Dave Gagnon met in the cloud,so it was only natural that their wedding would be held there as well.The pair—or rather，their digital avatars（替身）——married on Labor Day weekend in a ceremony hosted by Virbela,a firm that creates virtual environments for work, learning,and events.Ms.Gagnon's avatar was accompanied by her close friend's avatar.Mr.Gagnon's avatar stood there watching as his friend's avatar walked up to the platform and gave a toast.At the reception,7-year-old twin avatars(the ring bearer and flower girl)danced.At present，it's anyone's guess how the immersive virtual world known as the metaverse（元宇宙），which few of us understand，will change the traditional wedding.However，the prospects of having an event outside of reality's restrictions are interesting enough for us to think.Technology has been used in ceremonies more than ever before as a result of COVID-19. There have been Zoom marriages,and some in-person ceremonies now include a broadcast component for those who are unable to st year,a couple whose wedding was postponed due to COVID-19held a ceremony within the popular video game Animal Crossing.It's worth noting,though,that,like a video game wedding,any weddings that take place only in the metaverse are now illegal.Experts predict that the metaverse will take these virtual celebrations to new heights,providing couples with nearly limitless choices."There are no boundaries,"said Sandy Hammer,co-founder of Allseated,a company that develops digital wedding planning tools. Consider guest lists in the tens of thousands.Non-fungible tokens,or NFTs,are used in gift registries.Perhaps even weddings in space as a destination."They're going to take their pals on a space rocket,"Ms.Hammer added,imagining wedding parties digitally travelling around the world.“A bride can send her guests into the metaverse by saying,'I want my morning session in Italy,and my evening session in Paris.'"32.What's the author's purpose in describing the ceremony?A.To make readers better understand the wedding in the cloud.B.To show how exciting the wedding in the cloud was.C.To express his concern over the future of traditional weddings.D.To praise Traci and Dave Gagnon's daring spirit.33.How does the author mainly develop paragraph4?A.By providing reasons.B.By following the time order.C.By making comparisons.D.By giving examples.34.What is Sandy Hammer's attitude towards the metaverse?A.Uncaring.B.Opposed.C.Favorable.D.Doubtful.35.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Forms of Modern MarriagesB.The Prospects of the MetaverseC.Getting Married in the MetaverseD.Holding Events Regardless of Reality第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

天一大联考（原豫东、豫北十所名校联考）2014-2015学年高中毕业班阶段性测试（三）语文本试题卷分第I卷（阅读题）和第Ⅱ卷（表达题）两部分。

考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上（答题注意事项见答题卡），在本试题卷上答题无效。

考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。

第I卷阅读题必考题一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分）阅读下面的文字，完成l -3题。

技术与人的关系，是一个不断演变的历史过程。

在手工劳动中，原始技术同劳动者不可分离。

手工劳动的技术，是最原始的技术，表现为劳动者的技能，即手控制手工工具的能力，亦称手工技能。

这种原始技术本质上是人的体能。

人的体能有两种功能：一是改变物体状态的能力，即体力。

二是控制物体的能力，在手工劳动中就表现为控制手工工具的能力。

这就是最早的技术——体技或手技。

所有的技术都是人对自己的超越。

人的双手的动作不准确、不精确，而手工技术追求的就是一准二精。

这种准确性和精确性的提高，不是通过工具，而是通过劳动者的苦练得来的。

“熟能生巧”，这“巧”是手之巧，靠的是熟练。

手工技能是由双手的动作的准和精表现出来的，它在一定程度上超越了人的生理局限，提高了人的生理功能，是“生理性技术”。

手工技能很难用语言文字来表达，它本身也不是知识，也不需要知识作为前提务件。

它只可意会，不可言传。

别人要学习这种技能，主要靠动作的模仿和用，心去领悟。

这种技术的传授必须面对面进行。

这种手工技能是劳动者的身体所具有的，存在于劳动者体内，离开了劳动者的双手，这种技能就不再存在。

这种技能与其说是“社会的”，不如说是个人的，它不可能在空间上大规模传播，也不可能在时间上世代相传。

由于人具有高度的个性，所以手工技能也具有一定的个性。

为什么古代的许多手工技术品、手工艺术品，使现代人都觉得望尘莫及？这是因为令人的双手没有练到那种程度。

这说明手工技术是会失传的。

近代技术的特点，是机器取代了手工工具。

近代机器一般由三个部分组成：动力机、传动机和工作机。

A 单元 集合与常用逻辑用语目录A1 集合及其运算 ............................................................................................................................ 1 A2 命题及其关系、充分条件、必要条件 .................................................................................... 6 A3 基本逻辑联结词及量词 .......................................................................................................... 12 A4 单元综合 . (12)A1 集合及其运算【数学（理）卷·2015届江西省临川一中高三上学期期中考试（201411）（重新上传）】1、已知集合A={2，0，1，4}，{}2,2,2B k k R k A k A =∈-∈-∉，则集合B 中所有的元素之和为( )A.2B.－【知识点】集合A1【答案】【解析】B 解析：若222k -=，得k=2或k =－2，当k=2时，k-2=0不满足条件，当k=-2时，k-2=-4，满足条件，若220k -=，得k =显然满足条件，若221k -=，得k =，显然满足条件，若224k -=，得k =B中的元素为－2，k =k =，k =B 中的元素之和为－2，则选B.【思路点拨】可结合集合B 的元素特征确定集合B 中的元素再求和.【数学（文）卷·2015届江西省临川一中高三上学期期中考试（201411）（重新上传）】1、集合{}26,,A x x y x N y N ==-+∈∈的真子集的个数为( ) A.9 B.8 C.7 D.6 【知识点】集合A1【答案】【解析】C 解析：因为{}{}26,,6,5,2A x x y x N y N ==-+∈∈=,所以其真子集的个数为3217-=则选C.【思路点拨】可先明确集合A中的元素，再利用公式求出其真子集个数.【数学理卷·2015届辽宁省实验中学等五校协作体高三上学期期中联考（201411）】1.已知集合A={x||x|<3}，B={x|y=lg(x-1)}，则集合A∩B为A．[0,3) B．[1,3) C．(1,3) D．(-3,1]【知识点】集合运算. A1【答案】【解析】C解析：A={x|-3<x<3},B={x|x>1}.所以A∩B=(1,3)，故选C.【思路点拨】化简集合A、B，然后由交集意义得A∩B.【数学理卷·2015届辽宁省实验中学等五校协作体高三上学期期中联考（201411）(1)】1.已知集合A={x||x|<3}，B={x|y=lg(x-1)}，则集合A∩B为A．[0,3) B．[1,3) C．(1,3) D．(-3,1]【知识点】集合运算. A1【答案】【解析】C解析：A={x|-3<x<3},B={x|x>1}.所以A∩B=(1,3)，故选C.【思路点拨】化简集合A、B，然后由交集意义得A∩B.【数学理卷·2015届湖北省重点高中高三上学期期中联考（201411）】2、对于集合∈+==kkxxS，12{N}和集合}{SbabaxxT∈⊕==，，，若满足ST⊆，则集合T中的运算“⊕”可以是A．加法 B．减法 C．乘法 D．除法【知识点】集合A1【答案】【解析】C解析：因为集合S表示的是由正奇数构成的集合，而两个奇数的和与差为偶数，所以A,B不满足，两个奇数的除法不一定为整数，所以D不满足，则选C.【思路点拨】先理解集合S中的元素特征，再结合选项进行判断集合T中的元素是否都在集合S中即可.【数学理卷·2015届河南省开封高中等中原名校高三上学期期中联考（201411）】2．已知集合1|lgxM x yx-⎧⎫==⎨⎬⎩⎭，{}2|23N y y x x==++，则()M NRIð=（）A．{x|10＜x＜1}B．{x|x＞1}C．{x|x≥2}D．{x|1＜x＜2}【知识点】其他不等式的解法；交、并、补集的混合运算；函数的值域．A1 B1【答案】【解析】C 解析：集合1|lg x M x y x -⎧⎫==⎨⎬⎩⎭，10x x ->，解得：01x <<， {}|01M x x =<<，∴{}|01M x x x R 或ð=≤≥，{}2|23N y y x x ==++{}|2y y =≥， ()M N R I ð={}|2x x ≥，故选：C ．【思路点拨】利用函数的定义域求出M ，函数的值域求出N ，即可求解()M N R I ð．【数学理卷·2015届河南省开封高中等中原名校高三上学期期中联考（201411）(1)】2．已知集合1|lg x M x y x -⎧⎫==⎨⎬⎩⎭，{}2|23N y y x x ==++，则()M N R I ð=（ ）A ．{x |10＜x ＜1}B ．{x |x ＞1}C ．{x |x ≥2}D ．{x |1＜x ＜2} 【知识点】其他不等式的解法；交、并、补集的混合运算；函数的值域．A1 B1 【答案】【解析】C 解析：集合1|lg x M x y x -⎧⎫==⎨⎬⎩⎭，10x x ->，解得：01x <<， {}|01M x x =<<，∴{}|01M x x x R 或ð=≤≥，{}2|23N y y x x ==++{}|2y y =≥， ()M N R I ð={}|2x x ≥，故选：C ．【思路点拨】利用函数的定义域求出M ，函数的值域求出N ，即可求解()M N R I ð．【数学理卷·2015届江西省师大附中高三上学期期中考试（201411）】1．设集合{1,2,4,6,8},{1,2,3,5,6,7}M N ==，则MN 中元素的个数为（ ）A ．3B ．2C ．7D ．5【知识点】集合的交集A1【答案】【解析】A 解析：因为{1,2,4,6,8},{1,2,3,5,6,7}M N ==，所以M N ={1,2,6}，所以交集的元素个数为3，则选A.【思路点拨】可先求出两个集合的交集，再判断两个集合交集的元素个数.【数学文卷·2015届辽宁省实验中学等五校协作体高三上学期期中联考（201411）】1.已知集合A={x||x|<3}，B={x|y=lg(x-1)}，则集合A ∩B 为A ．[0,3)B ．[1,3)C ．(1,3)D ．(-3,1]【知识点】集合运算. A1【答案】【解析】C 解析：A={x|-3<x<3},B={x|x>1}.所以A ∩B=(1,3)，故选C. 【思路点拨】化简集合A 、B ，然后由交集意义得A ∩B.【数学文卷·2015届辽宁省实验中学等五校协作体高三上学期期中联考（201411）(1)】1.已知集合A={x||x|<3}，B={x|y=lg(x-1)}，则集合A ∩B 为A ．[0,3)B ．[1,3)C ．(1,3)D ．(-3,1]【知识点】集合运算. A1【答案】【解析】C 解析：A={x|-3<x<3},B={x|x>1}.所以A ∩B=(1,3)，故选C. 【思路点拨】化简集合A 、B ，然后由交集意义得A ∩B.【数学文卷·2015届湖北省重点高中高三上学期期中联考（201411）(1)】11．若集合{}210A x x =->，{}1B x x =<，则B A ＝ ；【知识点】集合的运算A1【答案】【解析】)1,21( 解析：因为{}12102A x x x x ⎧⎫=->=>⎨⎬⎩⎭，{}{}111B x x x x =<=-<<，所以B A =)1,21(.【思路点拨】可先对两个集合求解再求交集.【数学文卷·2015届河南省开封高中等中原名校高三上学期期中联考（201411）】2．已知集合1|lg x M x y x -⎧⎫==⎨⎬⎩⎭，{}2|23N y y x x ==++，则()M N =R ð（ ）A ．{x |10＜x ＜1}B ．{x |x ＞1}C ．{x |x ≥2}D ．{x |1＜x ＜2} 【知识点】其他不等式的解法；交、并、补集的混合运算；函数的值域．A1 B1 【答案】【解析】C 解析：集合1|lg x M x y x -⎧⎫==⎨⎬⎩⎭，10x x ->，解得：01x <<， {}|01M x x =<<，∴{}|01M x x x R 或ð=≤≥，{}2|23N y y x x ==++{}|2y y =≥，()M N R I ð={}|2x x ≥，故选：C ．【思路点拨】利用函数的定义域求出M ，函数的值域求出N ，即可求解()M N R I ð．【数学文卷·2015届河南省开封高中等中原名校高三上学期期中联考（201411）(1)】2．已知集合1|lg x M x y x -⎧⎫==⎨⎬⎩⎭，{}2|23N y y x x ==++，则()M N =R ð（ ）A ．{x |10＜x ＜1}B ．{x |x ＞1}C ．{x |x ≥2}D ．{x |1＜x ＜2}【知识点】其他不等式的解法；交、并、补集的混合运算；函数的值域．A1 B1 【答案】【解析】C 解析：集合1|lg x M x y x -⎧⎫==⎨⎬⎩⎭，10x x ->，解得：01x <<， {}|01M x x =<<，∴{}|01M x x x R 或ð=≤≥，{}2|23N y y x x ==++{}|2y y =≥， ()M N R I ð={}|2x x ≥，故选：C ．【思路点拨】利用函数的定义域求出M ，函数的值域求出N ，即可求解()M N R I ð．【数学文卷·2015届江西省师大附中高三上学期期中考试（201411）】1. 已知集合{}{}1,0,1,sin π,,A B y y x x A A B =-==∈=则( )A. {}1-B. {}0C. {}1 D. Æ【知识点】集合的运算A1 【答案】【解析】B 解析：因为A={﹣1,0，1}，B={y ▏y=sin πx,x ∈A}={0}所以A ∩B={0}，则选B.【思路点拨】可先明确集合B 中的元素，再求出两个集合的交集.【数学文卷·2015届广东省佛山市第一中学高三上学期期中考试（201411）】1. 设集合A={2|320x x x -+=}，则满足A B={0，1，2}的集合B 的个数是( ) A .1 B. 3 C. 4 D. 6【知识点】集合及其运算A1【答案解析】C A={x|x 2-3x+2=0}={x|x=1或x=2}={1，2}，若A ∪B={0，1，2}，则0∈B ， 则B={0}，{0，2}，{1，0}，{0，1，2}，共4个，故选：C【思路点拨】先求出集合A 元素，根据集合关系和运算即可得到结论．【数学文卷·2015届吉林省实验中学高三上学期第四次模拟考试（201412）】1设全集U=R ，集合A= 22{21}x xx -<，B= {1}x x >则集合A B ⋂=( )A {01}x x <<B ｛12x x <<｝C {02}x x <<D {1}x x ≤ 【知识点】集合及其运算A1 【答案】B 【解析】A={x 22022x x-<}= {02x x <<},则A B ⋂=｛12x x <<｝【思路点拨】先求出集合A 再求结果。

专题17 书面表达1.【2015届河北保定市高三调研试题】假设你是学生会主席李华，学生会打算招募一位校报英文版的编辑，请你用英文以“An English Editor Wanted”为题目写一则招聘启事。

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2.【北京市东城区2015届高三上学期期末教学统一检测】第一节（15分）美国高中生Mike将来北京参加冬令营活动，你家是他的接待家庭。

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Dear Mike,My parents and I are so happy that you’re coming to stay with us next month.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Looki ng forward to seeing you soon!Yours,Joe第二节（20分）【北京市东城区2015届高三上学期期末教学统一检测】假设你是光明中学高二（1）班的学生李华。