新编剑桥商务英语高级第三版高级教材答案

11.1The economyEconomic issues1What does this quotation mean? Do you agree？‘The gap in our economy is between what we have and what we think we ought to have and that is a moral problem, not an economy one.’Paul Heyne, Economics lecture2Choose the right word to complete these sentences about the economy1 The cost of life/living in London is so high now that many people on low incomes/revenues find it difficult to live there.2 Insecurity in the job/work market has affected consumer confidence/trust.3 The government has cut a lot of public segment/sector jobs and contracted the work out to private /self-employed companies.4 Foreign investing/investment in our manufacturing industry has helped economic growth/growing up.5 The unemployment ratio/rate in some parts of the country is over 20% and the benefits/subsidy that the government pays to the jobless is very high.6 Abroad/Foreign imports are increasing and the country now has a big trade deficit/shortage.7 Competition and a free/open market has brought prices down and has increased people’s buying power/ability.8 The tax burden/pressure on companies is so heavy now that many of them are delocating /relocating to countries where taxes are lighter.3 Put these words that describe the economy in order from the most positive(++) to the most negative(--).Stable booming buoyant depressed healthy stagnant4 Which best describes your country’s economy at the moment? What are thereasons for its condition?5How does the welfare state work in your country?1 Are the benefits paid by the state to the unemployed, the disable, pregnant women and retired people generous or not?2 Do you think these benefits should be paid by the state or by private insurance?6Read the article about the relationship between governments and big business. Is it optimistic about this relationship? Why? / Why not?Finance Weekly, 10 SeptemberThe new philanthropists T he 19th century was the age of capitalism, the 20th century socialism. The 21st century, it seems, will be the age of charity. But, as Mrs Thatcher said, ‘The Good Samaritan had to earn his money first.’Warren Buffet, when he made a gift of $31bn to the Gates Foundation, already worth $29bn, joked that his children would have to work for their living –apart from a billion dollar handout to each.Later, when Buffett and Gates held a press conference to announce what they intended to do with their fortune, it was clear that channeling it through government was not an option. ‘Bill and Melinda will do a better job than…the Federal Treasury,’said Buffet. Instead they would ‘seek out talent to distribute their money just as they sought out talent to acquire it’.For these tycoons, who have prospered in the free market global economy, government and the public sector are monopolistic and inefficient. Governments may have built the welfare state in the 20th century, but to provide them with free cash to support these structures (schools, hospital, etc) was not on their agenda. Instead their efforts will be focused on alleviating world poverty and disease, and improving access to technology.Adam Smith’s ‘invisible hand’, the economic theory that the market will run smoothly if it is left to decide what products are sold and at what price, has been the guiding principle behind globalization. In America it has produced large fortunes for a handful of successful industrialists: men who now, it seems, are turning to philanthropy.Opponents say that the free market shows no regard for social concerns and encourages poor employment and environmental standers. Wealth, they argue, is now concentrated among a handful of global corporations whose only accountable to their shareholders. They would like to see governments put a brake on the activities of bigbusiness.But the power of governments, national and international, is dwindling. The welfare states of the 20th century, and the public sector workers who staff them, are slowly being replaced –if not by private sector principle synonymous with inefficiency and waste.At the sane time, the agents of international government- the UN, the IME, the World Bank and the EU- have subsidized too many economies. As their reputation declines, they will be replaced by the charity of the privates sector.Children of the 60s, like Bill Gates, have exploited the free market ruthlessly, but now they are preaching freedom and love are choosing to give back to society. Their hearts are in the right place. But they share one enemy- modern government in all its forms. As Buffett said, only a fool gives his money to the treasury.Will such people make better world? Who knows? But they mean to try.1Reading the article on page 107 again and choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) to each question.1Wareen Buffett’s children willA. not get a penny from their father.B. get a job with their father.C. get a billion dollars each.D. have to earn their money as he did.2Who will organise the handing out of Buffett’s fortune?A.Bill and Melinda Gates.B.Bill Gates and Warren Buffett.C.The Federal Treasury.D.People specially employed by the Gates and Buffett.3 What will the money not be spent on?A.Schools and hospital in the US.B.Helping the word’s poor people.C.Helping the world’s sick.D.Providing Internet and communications technology to more people.4 Opponents in the sixth paragraph refers to opponents ofA.Multinational companies and their shareholders.B.The economic system that has produced globalization.C.Philanthropists like Buffett.D.The smooth running of the market.5 What is happening to government, national and international, according to the author?A.It has become too powerful.B.It has too many agents.C.It has becoming corrupt.D.It is losing influence.6 What does the phrase their hearts are in the right place say about people like Gates and Buffett?A.Money is not so important to them.B.They have good intentions.C.Their actions are damaging.D.They are led by their emotions.2 Find a word or phrase in the text which is the opposite of the following.1 live off your inheritance2 struggled3 supporters4 poverty5 becoming greater6 strengthened3 Do your think that rich philanthropists can do a better job than governments in helping the needy in society?4 Which of these economic points of view do your agree with?1‘No society ever prospered by punishing the rich. They are the ones who create wealth in our communities and raise everyone’s stander of living.2 ‘Governments should not worry about rich. The rich will always finda way to look after themselves. It is the job of government to look after the poor in society.’Conditionals (Types 1 and 2)5What is the difference in meaning between these sentences?1a If they raise the rate of income tax for top earners, these people will probably leave the country.2b If raised the rate of income tax for top earners, these people would probably leave the country.2a If earn a lot of money in my career, I will probably also give a lot to charity.2b If I had as much money as Warren Buffett, I would probably also give a lot to charity.Conditionals (Types 1 and 2)Note the forms of both types of sentence.If+ present,…will + infinitive (without to)If+ past,…would+ infinitive (without to )．We use the first type of if sentence for situations which are real and possible.．We use the second for situations which are either unreal or improbable.6 Decide if the forms used in these sentences are correct or not. If not, correct them.0If I am ten years younger, I will ask her to marry me. Incorrect(×) If I am were ten years younger, I will would ask her to marry me1If I see him, I will certainly give him your message.2If I knew the answer to that, I’d be a rich man.3If you were going to be late, please would you call me and let me know.4If you are in my position, what will you do?5We will have to look for another supplier if they continue to raise their prices every three months.6I would n’t do your job unless I was paid a fortune!7If I have a better knowledge of finance, I will come with you if you promise to do the negotiating yourself.Socio-economic problems7 Which of the following are problems in your country? Decide if they are a1 Discuss the list on page 109 with your partner. What are the main problems? What is the government doing about them?2 What more could they do? Use if sentences to make suggestions.If the government increased the rate of tax for top earners and reduced the rate for the lowest earners, the gap between rich and poor would become smaller.3 You are thinking of relocating to another country to set up a small manufacturing company.1 Make a list of the most important factors to consider in deciding where.2 Compare your list with a partner.4 Read the text. What reasons for relocating to Nicaragua does the author highlight?Nicaragua?Yes, please!5 What is meant by these phrase in the text?1 Advantages few other places can match2 Exempt from import duties3 Too good to pass up4 The laid-back atmosphere5 Get in on the ground floorRelocation experience6. 11.1Listen to these five people talking about their experiences of relocating home or business.．The first time you listen, indicate the reason for the move. ．The second time, indicate what problem arose that they did not expect.TASK ONE-REASON1 A cheaper labour costs2 B lower local taxes for companiesC better climate3 D better quality of lifeE expansion4 F shorter travel time to work5 G to be closer to suppliersTASK TWO-PROBLEM6 A having to travel long distanceB customers are further away7 C not much to do in the eveningsD some wasted space8 E it’s no cheaper than other regionsF it’s sometimes noisy9 G workers are poorly skilledH cost of living is rising107What do these expressions from the listening passage mean?1it was just a carrot to get people to move here2it’s ten minutes away, which is really handy3without fiving it a second thought4the salary bill is creeping up5we decided to take the plunge6you can’t have it both ways8 What/Where would be your ideal place to live and work? Why?。

Managerial qualities1What does this quotation mean?‘A bad manager confuses activity with performance.’Anon2Read this story that was widely circulated on the Internet a few years ago. What does it say about managers that made it so popular?A man in a hot air balloon realised he was lost. He reduced altitude and spotted a woman below. He descended a bit more and shouted, ‘Excuse me, can you help me? I promised a friend I would meet him an hour ago but I don’t know where I am.’The woman below replied, ‘Yo u are in a hot air balloon hovering approximately 30 feet above the ground. You are between 40 and 41 degrees north latitude and between 59 and 60 degrees west longitude.’‘You must be an engineer,’ said the balloonist.‘I am,’ replied the woman. ‘How did you know?’‘Well,’ answered the balloonist, ‘everything you told me is technically correct, but I still have no idea what to make of your information, and the fact is I am still lost. Frankly, you haven’t been much help so far.’The woman below respond ed, ‘You must be in management.’‘I am,’ replied the balloonist, ‘but how did you know?’‘Well,’ side the woman, ‘you don’t know where you are or where you are going. You have risen to where you are due to a large quantity of hot air. You made a promise, Which you have no idea how to keep, and you expect people beneath you to solve your problems. The fact is you are in exactly the same position you were in before we met, But now, somehow, it’s my fault.’3Number the six most important (1-6) qualities for a manager to possess.A good manager is someone who can…A delegate responsibility ______B plan effectively ______C motivate their staff to perform ______D handle people sensitively ______E organise work efficiently ______F recognise and reward good performance ______G take tough decisions ______H lead by example ______I inspire confidence and respect ______J communicate their vision and ideas ______K co-operate with other parts of the organisation ______L be creative and have innovative ideas _____4Discuss your choices with your partner. What are the consequences for the team and the manager if these qualities are absent?5Look at the list in exercise 3 on page 66 and say what are the key qualities for a leader to possess.Are these differen t from a manager’s qualities?Is there another leadership quality you would add to the list?Strengths and weaknesses6You will hear five employees describing the strengths and weaknesses of their managers.The first time you listen, identify the weakness of each manager.The second you listen, identify the strength of each manager.TASK ONE – WEAKNESS1________ A is very disorganized2________ B does not co-operate with other departments3________ C does not delegate enough4________ D is not good at communicating5________ E does not have clear objectivesF cannot make quick decisionsG is rather insensitiveH is not especially cleverTASK TOW – STRENGTH6_________ A is a natural communicator7_________ B challenges his staff to achieve more8_________ C is intelligent9_________ D fits in well in the organization10_________ E has very good people skillsF leads by exampleG gives praise and recognition to the teamH organises work efficiently7What do you think these phrases from the listening mean?1 He’s not afraid to get his hands dirty.2 He’s a bit of a control freak.3 He spreads himself very thin.4 He often puts you on the spot.5 He doesn’t take on board what you’re saying.6 She’s difficult to get on with.7 She doesn’t have the company’s interests at heart.Idioms: management problems1What do you think each of these idioms means?1 can’t see the wood for the trees2 doesn’t want to lose face3 have tunnel vision4 bite off more than you can chew5 too many chiefs, not enough Indians6 cut corners7 throw money at the problem8 open a can of worms9 be a yes-man2 Study each of the cases below. Which idiom best fits each case?0 He had no experience of negotiating. All the same, he volunteered to discuss asettlement to the four-week-old strike with a union leader who had been in the business for 40 years.He bit off more than he could chew.1 Asked to find out customer satisfaction rates, the managers at one call centre researched and produced all sorts of data: agent productivity rates, answer delay times, average call times, percentage of problems solved first time, etc.2 A large electricity supplier is setting up a new customer billing IT manager’s staff, a software designer, a company in change of implementing the software and a team of software consultants. After six months very little progress has been made.3 One of the directors of a bank decides to get tough on people using work phones to make personal calls. This causes a lot of resentment among staff and accusations that managers are just as guilty of this kind of thing as regular staff.4 Under pressure to reduce costs, a ferry company decided that they could maximize the time their ships were at sea if more safety checks were done while the ships were sailing rather than in the dock.5 A sales manager had to present her plan for more accurate sales forecasting to the executive board. Two days before her presentation she showed it to a colleague who told her that it had fundamental mistakes in it. So the day before the presentation, she called in sick and asked if the presentation could be postponed toa later data.6 The government has responded to a lack of hospital beds by building a state of the art, fully-equipped new extension to a city’s hospital. Unfortunately, there are not enough trained staff to man it.3 What should they have done in each case?Expressing purpose4 Read the text from the letters page of Working Life magazine and say which of these stress-relieving things you regularly do.I WAS GETTING REALLY STRESSED and not working efficiently. So I decided to make some simple changes in my working routine. I’d strongly recommend anyone who feels as I did to take time out to think about what they can do to take the stress out of their lives –it’s not as difficult as it seems! Here’s what I did:1 made (modest) lists of what I needed to do each day so that I wouldn’t spend my day worrying about what I hadn’t done yet.2 made time for myself to get exercise during the day in order to feel fresher and more able to concentrate when I sat at my desk.3 learnt to say ‘no’ to people to avoid taking on more work than I could reasonablyhandle.4 spent the first ten minutes of each day in the office reading the news over a coffee just to relax and get my mind working.5 took time out to stop and chat to colleagues to prevent frustration with a particular task from building up. A good laugh is a great tonic.5 took time out to stop and chat to colleagues to prevent frustration with a particular task from building up. A good laugh is a great tonic.5 Look at the list of actions again and underline the phrases that explain the purpose of each action.1 made (modest!) lists of what I needed to do each day so that I wouldn’t spend my day worrying.6 Make three more sentences describing an action to relieve stress. Explain the precise purpose of each action.7 The CEO of an international clothes retail group felt that this senior managers were not performing as they should. Their skills didn’t seem to match the requirements of the business and many seemed to be out of touch with day-to-day operations. So, he devised a seven-point strategy to address the problem.• Study the measures. What is the purpose of each measure?• Write a sentence explaining the purpose of each one, using thePhrases from exercise 4.1 They need to undergo an assessment in order to find out where they real strengths and weaknesses are.From 1 January next year all senior managers will:1 undergo an assessment of their skills by an external managementconsultant.2 be set clear, concrete and practical targets for the year.3 spend at least one day per month working at a high street retail store.4 spend at least three months every three in an overseas subsidiary.5 participate in team-building activities once a year with their team.6 devote at least six hours per month to foreign language training.7 follow at least one course per year in communications skills (managing meetings, negotiating, etc).Management consultants1 What do you think of management consultants? Do they have a good orBad reputation in your country (or company)?2 Read the letter from a management consultant defending his profession.Choose the best word (A, B, C or D) to fill each gap.Dear EditorYour article on 5 September ‘ Consultants - who needs them?’ gives a very one-sided view of our profession.We consultant are often criticised for using management buzzwords to sell our services. The critics ‘(1)____ is that we dress up an will (2)____ their business. So when we encourage companies to ‘analyse their value chain’, we are saying nothingmore tha n ‘see which part of the business is most profitable’. When we (3)____ them to ‘empower their employee’, we are just saying (4)____ them to do a good job. The terms we use, the critics say, is just jargon for things that all businesses know they have to do anyway.We’re also accused (5)____ hypocrisy. The classic example of this is when during the 1990s consultancy firms told companies to concentrate on their core competencies and outsource non-essential activities to contractors who could do a better and cheaper job. But, the critics scream, you (6)____ a lot of the early 1980s telling companies to diversify and get involved in new businesses.Maybe we are sometimes guilty of following the (7)____ trends in management, but I have one (8)____ simple answer for the critics. Knowing the need for these management concepts and practices is one thing; actually using them and (9)____ them is another. Our job is to remind businesses to do the things they ought to be doing. That is the role of consultants and it’s a very (10)____ role. We’re not saying managers are stupid, but just that it’s human nature sometimes to ignore the obvious. John Birdman(Partner - Salix Associates)1 A theme B argument C speech D debate2 A transform B modify C transfigure D reverse3 A explain B say C force D urge4 A entrust B believe C trust D involve5 A by B of C on D with6 A lasted B took C passed D spent7 A last B latest C freshest D least8 A absolutely B completely C very D utterly9 A implementing B effecting C realising D installing10 A hopeful B thoughtful C useful D carefulDo you agree with him?Word order: adverbs3 Study these basic rules of word order in English.Word order: adverbs1 Don’t separate a verb from its direct object.He left early the party early.2 Adverbs generally go after the main verb.She drove carefully.3 Adverbs of frequency (often, always, etc) and qualifiers (really,absolutely, etc) go before the main verb.They always bring a gift of some kind.I really like him.4 With be, adverbs of frequency go after the verb.He is always in meetings when I call.5 Phrases expressing time (in the morning, three days ago, last year, etc)can go at the beginning or the end of a sentence.Last year I didn’t have a summer holiday.I didn’t have a summer holiday last year.6 We usually put place before time.I’ve lived in Oxford for ten years.4 Put the word / phrase in brackets into the correct place in each sentence.0 I didn’t arrive at his house. (until after 8 o’clock)I didn’t arrive at his house until after 8 o’clock.1 Don’t worry. I can catch the bus. (easily)2 I intended to stay in this job for so long. (never)3 She goes back to her house each weekend. (in the country)4 I like Cate Blanchett’s films. (a lot)5 All my troubles seemed so far away. (yesterday)6 It will take a long time to get an answer from them. (probably)7 He fell in love with Los Angeles the day he arrived. (hopelessly)8 She was amazed at the progress we had made. (absolutely)9 It is quite difficult to persuade someone to buy on the spot. (often)10 They attended the conference in London. (Last week)5 Correct the word order in these statements about management.0 I try usually to delegate responsibility to my team.I usually try to delegate responsibility to my team.1 She handles very sensitively the problems.2 She reads in the morning all her emails on the train to work.3 In his office he holds a team meeting every Monday.4 She leads always by example.5 Her staff very much like her.。

新版剑桥商务英语高级第三版课后答案unit141、21 In a few years' time, there ________ thousands of trees on the hill. [单选题] * A．will haveB．will be(正确答案)C．are haveD．have2、I paint a lot of pictures. [单选题] *A. 评论B. 注意C. 悬挂D. 画(正确答案)3、20．Jerry is hard-working. It’s not ______ that he can pass the exam easily. [单选题] * A．surpriseB．surprising (正确答案)C．surprisedD．surprises4、52．I'm happy to ________ a birthday card from an old friend. [单选题] *A．buyB．makeC．loseD．receive(正确答案)5、—Do you like to watch Hero?—Yes. I enjoy ______ action movies. （）[单选题] *A. watchB. watching(正确答案)C. to watchD. watches6、19．Students will have computers on their desks ________ . [单选题] *A．in the future(正确答案)B．on the futureC．at the momentD．in the past7、It is reported that the fire caused serious（）to that school building. [单选题] *A. damage(正确答案)B. destroyC. harmD.hurt8、16．Lily is a lovely girl. We all want to ________ friends with her. [单选题] * A．haveB．make(正确答案)C．doD．take9、Jeanne's necklace was _____ 500 francs at most. [单选题] *A. worthyB. costC. worth(正确答案)D. valuable10、I?have to?_______ my younger brother on Sunday. [单选题] *A. look after(正确答案)B. look upC. take careD. look out11、We are very hungry now. Can you _______ us something to eat? [单选题] *A. carryB. takeC. borrowD. bring(正确答案)12、He made ______ for an old person on the bus. [单选题] *A. room(正确答案)B. roomsC. a roomD. some rooms13、His new appointment takes（）from the beginning of next month. [单选题] *A. placeB. effect(正确答案)C. postD. office14、David ______ at home when I called at seven o’clock yesterday evening. （）[单选题] *A. didn’tB. doesn’tC. wasn’t(正确答案)D. isn’t15、You might not like the way Sam behaves, but please be kind to him. _____, he is your grandfather. [单选题] *A. After all(正确答案)B. Above allC. In allD. At all16、The relationship between employers and employees has been studied（）. [单选题] *A. originallyB. extremelyC. violentlyD. intensively(正确答案)17、Guilin is _______ its beautiful scenery. [单选题] *A. famous for(正确答案)B. interested inC. fond ofD. careful with18、Jim, we have _______ important to tell you right now . [单选题] *A. someB. something(正确答案)C. anyD. anything19、_____ whether robots will one day have vision as good as human vision. [单选题] *A. What is not yet knownB. It is not yet known(正确答案)C. As is not yet knownD. This is not yet known20、Tom didn’t _______ his exam again. It was a pity. [单选题] *A. winB. pass(正确答案)C. beatD. Fail21、In 2019 we moved to Boston,（）my grandparents are living. [单选题] *A. whoB. whenC. where(正确答案)D. for which22、Is there going to ______ a football match in the stadium next month?（）[单选题] *A. beingB. haveC. be(正确答案)D. having23、I arrived _____ the city _____ 9:00 am _______ April [单选题] *A. at, in, atB. to, on, atC. in, or, atD. in, at, on(正确答案)24、--_______ do you have to do after school?--Do my homework, of course. [单选题] *A. What(正确答案)B. WhenC. WhereD. How25、9．There will be a lot of activities at English Festival nest month. Which one would you like to ________? [单选题] *A．take part in (正确答案)B．joinC．attendD．go26、Three ______ died of water pollution last winter. [单选题] *A. hundreds of villagersB. hundred villagers(正确答案)C. hundreds villagersD. hundred of villagers27、—______ do you play basketball?—Twice a week.（）[单选题] *A. How often(正确答案)B. How muchC. How manyD. How long28、Many young people like to _______ at weekends. [单选题] *A. eat out(正确答案)B. eat upC. eat onD. eat with29、My sister _______ listen to music when she was doing her homework．[单选题] *A. used to(正确答案)B. use toC. is used toD. uses to30、9．—Will there be more cars in the future?—________. [单选题] *A．See youB．Well, I'm not sure(正确答案)C．You're welcomeD．Thank you。

新版剑桥商务英语高级第三版课后答案unit91、I want something to eat. Please give me a _______. [单选题] *A. bookB. watchC. shirtD. cake(正确答案)2、The street was named _____ George Washington who led the American war for independence. [单选题] *A. fromB. withC. asD. after(正确答案)3、When you have trouble, you can _______ the police. They will help you. [单选题] *A. turn offB. turn to(正确答案)C. turn onD. turn over4、52．I'm happy to ________ a birthday card from an old friend. [单选题] * A．buyB．makeC．loseD．receive(正确答案)5、We’re proud that China _______ stronger and stronger these years. [单选题] *A. will becomeB. becameC. is becoming(正确答案)D. was becoming6、He couldn’t ______ the maths problem without your help. [单选题] *A. work out(正确答案)B. work atC. work forD. work with7、—Would you like some milk?—Yes, just _____, please. [单选题] *A. a little(正确答案)B. littleC. a fewD. few8、Our teacher suggested that each of us _____ a study plan for the tong summer vacation. [单选题] *A. make(正确答案)B. madeC. will makeD. would make9、The twins _______ us something about their country. [单选题] *A. told(正确答案)B. saidC. talkedD. spoke10、55．There is a ________ on in the bookshop. Let's go to buy some books. [单选题] * A．movieB．matchC．sale(正确答案)D．concert11、Jim wants to hang out with his friends at night, but his parents don’t allow him ______ so. （）[单选题] *A. doB. doneC. to do(正确答案)D. doing12、36．This kind of bread is terrible. I don't want to eat it ______. [单选题] *A．any more(正确答案)B．some moreC．no longerD．some longer13、What’s the price and what sort of _______ do you offer? [单选题] *A. advantageB. accountC. displayD. discount(正确答案)14、He gathered his courage and went on writing music. [单选题] *A. 从事B. 靠······谋生C. 继续(正确答案)D. 致力于15、If the trousers are too long, ask the clerk to bring you a shorter _____. [单选题] *A. suitB.setC.oneD.pair(正确答案)16、By the end of this month, all this _____. [单选题] *A. is changedB．will changeC. will have changed(正确答案)D. has changed17、John is fond of playing _____ basketball and Jack is keen on playing _____ piano. [单选题] * A．/…the(正确答案)B．the…/C．/…/D．the…the18、The red jacket is _______ than the green one. [单选题] *A. cheapB. cheapestC. cheaper(正确答案)D. more cheap19、For the whole period of two months, there _____ no rain in this area. Now the crops are dead [单选题] *A. isB. wasC. has been(正确答案)D. have been20、It was difficult to guess what her_____to the news would be. [单选题] *A.impressionmentC.reaction(正确答案)D.opinion21、The people’s Republic of China _______ on October 1, 1 [单选题] *A. foundB. was founded(正确答案)C. is foundedD. was found22、We ______ to set up a food bank to help hungry people next week.（）[单选题] *A. hadB. are going(正确答案)C. were goingD. went23、—What’s the matter with that boy?—______.（）[单选题] *A. He is watching TV in his roomB. He takes his temperatureC. He was playing a toy carD. He hurt his right leg(正确答案)24、We need a _______ when we travel around a new place. [单选题] *A. guide(正确答案)B. touristC. painterD. teacher25、Don’t _______. He is OK. [单选题] *A. worry(正确答案)B. worried aboutC. worry aboutD. worried26、--Henry treats his secretary badly.--Yes. He seems to think that she is the _______ important person in the office. [单选题] *A. littleB. least(正确答案)C. lessD. most27、He’s so careless that he always _______ his school things at home. [单选题] *A. forgetsB. leaves(正确答案)C. putsD. buys28、78．According to a report on Daily Mail, it’s on Wednesday（）people start feeling really unhappy. [单选题] *A. whenB. whichC. whatD. that(正确答案)29、Grandfather lives with us. We all _______ him when he gets ill. [单选题] *A. look after(正确答案)B. look atC. look forD. look like30、Do you know what（）the change in his attitude? [单选题] *A. got throughB. brought about(正确答案)C. turned intoD. resulted from。

12.2 Social EnglishConversation starters1 Match each statement with a short response.1 Hi, how are you? A Hi there, good to meet to.2 I’m so sorry to be late. B Thank you, so are you.3 Hello, you must be Mr Channing C Yes, they’re a big improvement.4 Phew, it’s freezing today. D Very well, thanks. And you?5 I’m afraid I’m a bit pressed for E Oh, not at all. I’ve been looking6 And this is Colin, my partner. F Busy a s ever, but it’s going well.7 Thank you for finding the time G OK, then we’ll get straight downto see me. to business.8 Hey, I like your new premises. H Don’t worry. It’s not a problem.9 You’re looking well. I Yes, that’s right. Good to meet you.10 So, hoe’s business? J It is, but at least it’s not raining.Small talk: short responses2 Work with a partner. How would you respond to these questions?Write your ideas in column1 ( Response1).Question Response 1 Response 21 How was your trip? ________ __________2 Did you find our offices easily? ________ __________3 Can I get you a coffee before we start? ________ __________4 How are you fixed for time? _________ __________5 Sorry, do you mind if I just take this call? ________ _________6 Are you expecting it to be a good year? ________ _________7 Can I be of any help with the marketingside of things? _________ _________8 Would you like to go for a meal thisevening? _________ _________9 Would you like a lift back to the station? _________ _________3 Listening and note down the responses you hear to each question in column2(Response2)4 Work with your partner. Act out the dialogue again. This time give the opposite response to each question.Social situations5 You represent a supplier of car heaters from your country. You are interested in supplying your heaters to Jaguar Cars in the UK. As a first meeting, they have arranged a tour of their manufacturing plant, Your host is the production manager.·work with your partner.·Act out the situation, following the steps.VISIOR PRODUCTION MANAGER Introduce yourself and apologize Greet your guest.for being late. Offer a coffee before you start.Ask a few questions about the plant Explain the programme for the day.and your host’s job. Check if it’s OKTHE TOURThank your host for the tour. Offer your guest some lunch at aThai restaurant.Explain that you don’t like spicy food. Suggest a pub instead.You are interrupted at lunch by a call Ask your guest some questions abouton your mobile.Apologize. His/her country.You have a train to catch.Thank you Offer your guest a lift to the station.host for the meal.Invite your host to visite your factory Arrange a time to call to discuss thenext month. next steps.Thank your host once again.12.3 Reading Test:Part Five and Part SixPart Five of the Reading Test consists of a business text approximately 250 words long. It is a gapped text, with ten single words missing. The choice of word to will each gap is completely up to you. The missing words tend to be small words such as this, but not,as,rather,ect.Part Six of the Reading Text is a passage(a business letter, short article or piece of publicity)of 150-200 words containing some unnecessary words, Each line of the text your ability to proofread business documents.Give yourself ten minutes to complete each task.For Part Five, follow these steps.·Read the instructions twice and make sure you understand the context of the passage and what you are being asked to do.·Read the passage through quickly(tow minutes)to get the general meaning.·Re-read to the first gap and look at the whole sentence. What words fits grammatically and in meaning.·If the right word doesn’t comet to you quickly and instinctively, move on to the next gap.·Re-read the passage and fill in any gaps you have missed.For Part Six, follow these steps.·Read the instructions twice and make sure you understand the context of the passage and what you are being asked to do.·Read each sentence, not just each line, before trying to identify an unnecessary word. ·Remember not all lines contain a mistake.·At the end read the text back, taking account of your corrections,and make sure it makes sense.Part Five-Choosing the right word1 Look at this sentence. Think of a word that fits the gap.Advances have been made not_____in cleaner fuels, but also in energy efficiency. The answer is only as in the phrase not only...but also.2 Choose a word for these sentences. Explain why you chose this word.1 We need to persuade people to use less energy______than building new power plants.2 There is_____greater awareness these days of environmental issues.3 _________far, the company has sold 20m of the new devices and is hopeful that soon every household will have one.3 Following the approach described on page 124 do Practice Test Part Five. PART FIVEQUESTION 1-10·Read this article about business gifts.·For each question 1-10, write one word to fill each gap.·There is an example at the beginning(0)Permitted business giftsA business courtesy should not be accepted if the donor expects something(0)·······return: he may be attempting to gain an unfair advantage or to influence the employee’s judgment.Employees(1)·········also avoid a pattern of accepting frequent gifts or business courtesies from the same persons or companies. Employees may not accept honoraria and may not accept expense reimbursements in excess of $50 from any not-for-profit organization supported by the Company(other(2) ·········through the Matching Gift Program).Examples of permitted gifts and business courtesies:·A ballpoint pen with a company logo would satisfy the test of being promotional(3)········nature and of nominal value. An inscribed gold wristwatch would be unlikely to be nominal in value and , therefor, would (4)········be acceptable. ·Lunch or dinner invitations to reasonably priced establishments(5)··········be permitted if furnished in connection with bona fide business meetings or conferences but, (6)··········the meal or entertainment is lavish or frequent, it is not acceptable.·Accepting a reasonably priced meal, golf outing or sporting event or entertainment ticket in the local area(7)·······an occasional basis may be reasonable. Regular invitations or accepting a trip out of the local area to attend a golf outing, sporting event or entertainment event is not.The Company(8)··········pays for work-related transportation, loading and expenses directly or on a pro-rata basis for combined work and personal trip consistent with the company’s existing travel and entertainment policy.Accepting(9)·········offer for an expenses paid trip for pleasure with a customer or supplier is(10)·····permitted.Part Six-Identifying redundant words4 Find the unnecessary word in each sentence.1 It is considered as a social mistake to discuss questions of money too openly.2 If we answered to every demand for a more personalized service, we would be lost.3 He was happy with the plan because it gave him no flexibility.4 Public sector workers, normally the lowest paid, they have had big salary rises.5 When the cost of supplier is too high because the manufacturer is forced to raise his prices.6 In recent years employers who have been taking more interest in recruitment.7 However, the company has completely revised its range of products in the 1990s.8 It is important to give employees an advice on how best to perform their role.5 Use these labels to describe the mistakes in exercise 4.A unnecessary relative pronoun E unnecessary articleB inappropriate negative F unnecessary auxiliary verbC repeated subject G double conjunctionD unnecessary adverb H extra preposition6 Following the approach on page 124 do Practice Test Part Six on page 126. PART SIXQUESTION 1-12·Read the text below about cross-culture communication in education.·In most of the lines there is one extra word.It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the sense of the text.Some lines, however,are correct.·If a line is correct, write correct next to it.·If there is an extra word,write the extra word next to it.·There are two example at the beginning(0and00).Communication in the classroom0 Everything that what happens in a school, and especially in the classroom.00 involves communication, the act of sharing information. Sometimes1 communication involves using oral or written symbols. On the other2 occasions, communication involves various types of non-verbal symbols,including3 body language.Most behaviour problems in schools, and their resolutions, they4 involve some type of a munication permeates education.5 Communication is culture bound. The way an individual communications with6 emanates from his or her culture. Of course, a person may know more than7 one culture or may be have competent in a combination of cultures.8 Nonetheless, one basic truth prevails: when communication is a product of culture.9 Students with different culture norms are at risk if teachers have a little10 knowledge, sensitivity or appreciation of the diversity in communication11 styles. Such teachers may not perceive differences as problems and respond to12 students’diversity with negative attitudes, low expectations and culturally inappropriate teaching and assessment procedures.。

Chapter 10The Alchemists of FinanceExercises1. Questions on the text1)Wha t’s the main difference between commercial banks and investmentbanks?In today's business environment, the main business of commercial banks is to collect deposits and make loans, while that of investment banks is to underwrite stocks and bonds and advise companies on mergers and acquisitions.2)Why do investment banks try to keep quiet about their big profits?Investment banks try to keep quiet about their big profits for two major reasons: first, they are under more scrutiny by regulators and investors; second, private equity and hedge funds have overtaken them in raising money and making excessive bets.3)What changes have taken place in the financial markets since the 1980s?The main changes since 1980s have been the rapid growth of financial instruments with unprecedented breadth, depth and richness, brought out by technology and innovation. Examples of those financial instruments are public and private debt securities and derivatives.4)Why do bankers and regulators worry about a possible collapse of aninvestment bank?They worry about a possible collapse of an investment bank because such an event will have serious implications for the whole financial system, and it is vital to know how such institutions evolve, how they handle risks and how well those risks are spread around the financial system.5)Which three factors can explain the huge profit for investment banks?Those factors are: first, the alchemist's trick of turning debt (mostly leaden) into derivatives (mostly liquid); second, the emergence of a new class of leveraged client (hedge funds and private equity); third, seeking out new capital markets and clients around the world. Meanwhile, in all these pursuits the banks are now using their own money, to differing degrees.6)What does the expression “the wild east” refer to?That expression refers to the new markets emerging in Europe and Asia. The introduction of the euro in 1999 and the rapid growth of economies in those regions have attracted investment banks.7)What makes London an impressive rival to New York as a global financialcenter?London has become an impressive rival to New York as a global financial center because: first, London trades a wide range of assets and is regulated on the spot;second, London is a hub for Europe and continent European countries can raise capital there; third, London is also regarded as a springboard for emergingmarkets such as China and Russia.8)How do investment banks manage the risks?Investment banks try to find the most talented people to handle the intricate assets;they measure the correlations between different financial instruments in an attempt to spread risk; they invest hundreds of millions of dollars a year in technologies to measure and stress-test risks; they also try to boost their risk-weighted capital.9)According to the text, what’s the relationship between revenue and risk infinance?The relationship between revenue and risk is fundamental in finance. Risk-taking is awarded by possible high revenue. Low risk often means less revenue.However, in order to gain more revenue, you need to take more risks. You should carefully calculate the risk and balance it against revenue beforehand, or you will pay a high price for foolish investment bet.10)Which one is more important to the growth of the finance industry,innovation or regulation?Based on the text, both innovation and regulation are vital to the healthy growth of the finance industry. Without innovation, investors have fewer places to gain returns on their money and those seeking money would have much more difficulties in obtaining it. Thus innovation boosts the rapid growth of finance industry and brings benefits to more people both in developed countries and developing countries. However, innovation without proper regulation, such as the securities that no one knows how to exactly measure their risk, could lead the growth of the finance industry to a disastrous end.2. Fill in each blank of the following sentences with one of the phrases in the list given below:1)The government has taken many measures to bring down the prices of oil.2)Employees are asked to keep quiet about their year-end bonus.3)Regulators demand the monopoly company to split into smaller entities.4)It’s reported that China Telecom plans to spin off its network services unit in HK.5)The traffic had seized up for miles because of the accident.6)According to those representatives, new forces are at work in the refiningindustry.7)We shall never know how she managed to acquire her promotion; there is no wayto account for it.8) A nationwide law aimed at stamping out passive smoking in public spaces inSwitzerland came into force on Saturday.9)Innovations will bring about dramatic changes in this industrial sector.10)I would say that, on balance, it hasn't been a bad year.3. Match the terms in column A with the explanations in column B:A B1) liquidity crisis a) a bank that provides checking accounts,savings accounts, and money market accountsand that accepts time deposits. 62) leveraged buy-out b) a company issues common stock or shares tothe public for the first time. 53) credit crunch c) the situation in which a business experiences alack of cash required to grow the business, payfor day-to-day operations, or meet its debtobligations when they are due, causing it todefault. 14) over-the-counter securities d) the acquisition of another company usinga significant amount of borrowed money(bonds or loans) to meet the cost of acquisition.25) initial public offering e) a financial institution that assists individuals,corporations and governments in raisingcapital by underwriting and/or acting as theclient's agent in the issuance of securities. 8 6) commercial bank f) an aggressively managed portfolio ofinvestments that uses advanced investmentstrategies such as leveraged, long, short andderivative positions in both domestic andinternational markets with the goal ofgenerating high returns. 97) stress test g) a sharp increase in the interest rates and astrong decrease in allocated credits. 38) investment bank h) a process that measures whether oneinstitution has adequate capital and/or assetsto respond effectively to various, adversescenarios usually presented by a computerprogram. 79) hedge fund i) securities traded in some context other than ona formal exchange such as the NYSE, etc. 410) risk management j) the identification, assessment, andprioritization of risks followed by coordinatedand economical application of resources tominimize, monitor, and control the probabilityand/or impact of unfortunate events or tomaximize the realization of opportunities. 104.Translate the following into Chinese：在去年信贷危机爆发的时候，联邦的监管者们向国内的各主要金融机构注入了数以百亿计美元，而他们这么做的原因在于这些银行是如此之大以至于官员们担心它们的破产将会拖垮整个金融体系。

1.1 Working life1 What does this quotation mean to you?`Life is what happens to you while you're busy making other plans.'john Lennon, English singer& song writer (1940-19830)2 Discuss these questions.1 How many jobs do you expect to have in your life ? 1-3 4-7 8or more2 Would you prefer to be self-employed or an employee? Why ?3 in fifteen years’ time, do you expect to work more or less than now ?4 at what age do you expect to stop working ? 55 65 753Underline tire best word to complete each sentence.1 At the moment, people generally retire/resign at 652 I joined/applied for the company when I was 25 and have worked thereever since3 What's the best way to pay/reward our employees for good performance?4 About 700 staff were laid off/dismissed when the company lost the contract tosupply Toyota5 We have educated/trained our staff in the use of laser equipment.6 I'm going to leave/change the company at the end of the year.7 E and C Consultants recruits/employs from the top business schools.8 Companies need to offer parents of young children more flexible/overtime hours-9 they used only to offer permanent posts, but now most new contracts aretemporary/part-time ones.10 I have one day off/ holiday a week to attend a course at college.4 Make sentences with the words you didnt use in Exercise 3.5 Make nouns from thefollowing verbs.Attitude to work6 Do you think that people starting work now have a different attitude to work than their parents did? if so, in what ways?7 Look at the newspaper article and read the title. What does the title suggest to you?Read the article arid check if you were r fight.Young workers Want it all, nowOh, and they’ll need to take next Friday off ,tooTETROIT一Kurt Jennings, hoping to start a career in radio sales, thought he was prepared to answer any question during his recent interview. Then theradio executive opened the interview with, `So, we call you guys the Entitlement Generation". You imagine you're entitled to everything.' There is an impression that the current generation of young workers has high expectations for salary, responsibility and job flexibility, but little appetite for hard work and little sense of loyalty to a company`A lot of twenty-somethings have a hard time making the transition to work typically Kids who've had success early in life and who've become used to getting instant gratification,' says Dr. Levi Cohen, a peadiatrics professor.He says that coddling parents and colleges often fail to prepare students for the realities of adulthood and working life.Many employers, from corporate executives to restaurateurs, agree.`It seems they expect to hove in then first week everything that the veteran has worked 20 or 30 years to earn,' says Mike Amor, the owner of a Salt LakeCity chain of restaurants.Kurt had this reply 'for his interviewee at the radio station: `Maybe we were spoiled by your Generation. But "entitled" is too strong a word,' he said. `Do we think we're deserving if we're doing to go out there and break our backs for you'?Yes..'He ended up getting the-job.But some experts say that' having highexpectations, and tellin}} your boss what they are, isn't necessarily a bad thing.`It's true they're not all rushing to bury themselves in a cubicle a}记follow orders for the next 40 years, but why on earth should they?' asks .leaf Bartlctt, a University of Carolina psychologist8 Do you think the younger generation is spoiled and expects too much? .or do you think the older generation sacrificed their lives (and fun in their lives) for work?9 What do the following phrases from the text mean?1 little appetite for hard work2 twenty-somethings3 instant gratification4 coddling parents and colleges5 we were spoiled by your generation6 break our backs for you7 bury themselves in a cubicleGerund and infinitive1 Which of the verbs or phrases in the box take the gerund (-ing) and which ones take to infinitive (to do)?Be good at plan/intend /aim be worth fail be reluctanthave trouble/difficulty hope/expect manage succeed indecide think about/consider enjoy avoid involve havebe used to/accustomed to be willing/prepared2 Which of the following pairs of phrases is the odd one out grammatically? Why?1 be good at一be bad at2 be willing一be reluctant3 succeed in一fail4 enjoy一dislike3 Complete these sentences.0 when I retire, I plan to do some voluntary work for charity1 When I retire, I plan…2 I think I'm quite good at…3 Before attending a job interview, it's worth…4 My job involves…5 When speaking English, I often have difficulty…6 At work I feel satisfied if I manage…7 For my summer holiday this year, I am considering…8 If I was offered more money, I would be willing…9 The hardest thing abo ut starting a new job is getting used to…10 I get annoyed with colleagues if they fail…4 Choose five of the phrasesworking life.in exercise 1 and make sentences about your own working lifeThe future of human resources5 You will hear five human resources (HR) manages0s talking shout the key issues in human resources facing companies today.·The first time you listen, indicate which employee group in the workforce they are talking about.·The second time you listen indicate what actions they propose to take to deal with each issue.TASK ONE一EMPLOYEE GROUPA older employees (50-GO)B new recruitsC traineesD senior managementE young highly qualified employeesF womenG retired employeesH disabled workersA efforts to retain good employeesB the introduction of more flexible workingarrangementsC linlting salaries more closely to resultsD more focus on job training for employeesE encouraging people back from retirementF more support for working parentsG developing a more positive attitudetowards older workersH reducing staff costs6 You've heard the priorities of HR managers. What are your priorities for your working life? Consider the following:.flexible hours·working environment.pay。

8.2 Formal MeetingsVOCABUILARY Business Meetings1 The phrases in bold are taken from a business meeting.What do they mean?1 So, what’s on the agenda for today?2 Is anyone taking the minutes?3 I think we should adjourn for lunch.4 Who’ supposed to be chairing this meeting?5 Can i just sum up the main points we’re agreed?6 Sorry, can I just butt in for a moment?7 We’re running short of time.Can we move on?8 I think Jade is better placed to answer than me.2 Who said each one：the chairperson or a participant?GRAMMAR Modal verbs3 Look at the sentences taken from a company’s ethics code.What obligation is placed on the employee in each case?Match each modal verb in bold to an adjective(A-E).A compulsory C permitted E forbiddenB advisable(a good idea) D unnecessary1 You may taken an outside job, if there is no conflict of interest.2 You should at all times act in the best interests of the company.3 If you give or receive a gift whose value is under $40 you don’t have to declare it.4 You mustn’t use knowledge you have about the company which is not public to speculate with its shares.5 All company assets,even stationery,must be used for company business, not personal gain.6 You should aways represent the services of the company to the customer as honestly and openly possible.7 You must not pass on classified information, such as customer data, to any third party.4 Imagine an employee broke the code.Which rules in exercise 3 do these crimes or offences relate to?Bribery insider dealing breach of confidence theft missellingSPEAKING Discussing business ethics5 What does the term whistleblowing mean? You are going to agree a policy for your company. Read the information below.Your company, a national newspaper, has already defined a code of business ethics covering such things as payments given for information, confidentiality, receipt of gifts, etc.Its next task is to define a policy on ‘internal whistleblowing’: in other words what happens when one employee would like to alert the company to the unethical practice of another employee.You are going to meet with your colleagues to discuss and agree this policy.6 Before you meet, the following list is circulated among you. Look at the sentences below and choose the modal verb that indicates what you think is the correct policy.1 If you become aware that another employee has broken the ethical code you must/ may/ don’t have to report it.2 When reporting such breaches you must/ don’t have to/ mustn’t give your name.3 If you only suspect unethical practice, but cannot prove it, you must/ should/ mustn’t report it.4 The management must/ may/ doesn’t have to treat any accusations of unethical practice in confidence.5 The accused should/ doesn’t have to/ mustn’t know the identity of his or her accuser.6 The whistleblower should/ may/ mustn’t benefit personally from his action by way of promotion or other personal gain.7 Look at the agenda and prepare for the meeting.Nominate one person to chair the meeting.(The chairperson may find the phrases at the bottom of the page useful.)Agenda1 Whistleblowing - a right or a duty?2 The right to anonymity3 Rewards for whistleblowers4 Any other businessChairing a meetingOK.Shall we start?As you know, we’re here to discuss/ talk about/ consider...The aim of this meeting is to...Carlos, would you like to begin?I think we should move no to the next point.Perhaps we can come back to this later.Can I just interrupt you,Carlos?So,to sum up, we’ve agreed that...Dose anyone have anything further to add?OK.Let’s leave it there.Thank you all for your input.。

1.1 Working life1 What does this quotation mean to you?`Life is what happens to you while you're busy making other plans.'john Lennon, English singer& song writer (1940-19830)2 Discuss these questions.1 How many jobs do you expect to have in your life ? 1-3 4-7 8or more2 Would you prefer to be self-employed or an employee? Why ?3 in fifteen years’ time, do you expect to work more or less than now ?4 at what age do you expect to stop working ? 55 65 753Underline tire best word to complete each sentence.1 At the moment, people generally retire/resign at 652 I joined/applied for the company when I was 25 and have worked thereever since3 What's the best way to pay/reward our employees for good performance?4 About 700 staff were laid off/dismissed when the company lost the contract tosupply Toyota5 We have educated/trained our staff in the use of laser equipment.6 I'm going to leave/change the company at the end of the year.7 E and C Consultants recruits/employs from the top business schools.8 Companies need to offer parents of young children more flexible/overtime hours-9 they used only to offer permanent posts, but now most new contracts aretemporary/part-time ones.10 I have one day off/ holiday a week to attend a course at college.4 Make sentences with the words you didnt use in Exercise 3.5 Make nouns from thefollowing verbs.Attitude to work6 Do you think that people starting work now have a different attitude to work than their parents did? if so, in what ways?7 Look at the newspaper article and read the title. What does the title suggest to you?Read the article arid check if you were r fight.Young workers Want it all, nowOh, and they’ll need to take next Friday off ,tooTETROIT一Kurt Jennings, hoping to start a career in radio sales, thought he was prepared to answer any question during his recent interview. Then theradio executive opened the interview with, `So, we call you guys the Entitlement Generation". You imagine you're entitled to everything.' There is an impression that the current generation of young workers has high expectations for salary, responsibility and job flexibility, but little appetite for hard work and little sense of loyalty to a company`A lot of twenty-somethings have a hard time making the transition to work typically Kids who've had success early in life and who've become used to getting instant gratification,' says Dr. Levi Cohen, a peadiatrics professor.He says that coddling parents and colleges often fail to prepare students for the realities of adulthood and working life.Many employers, from corporate executives to restaurateurs, agree.`It seems they expect to hove in then first week everything that the veteran has worked 20 or 30 years to earn,' says Mike Amor, the owner of a Salt LakeCity chain of restaurants.Kurt had this reply 'for his interviewee at the radio station: `Maybe we were spoiled by your Generation. But "entitled" is too strong a word,' he said. `Do we think we're deserving if we're doing to go out there and break our backs for you'?Yes..'He ended up getting the-job.But some experts say that' having highexpectations, and tellin}} your boss what they are, isn't necessarily a bad thing.`It's true they're not all rushing to bury themselves in a cubicle a}记follow orders for the next 40 years, but why on earth should they?' asks .leaf Bartlctt, a University of Carolina psychologist8 Do you think the younger generation is spoiled and expects too much? .or do you think the older generation sacrificed their lives (and fun in their lives) for work?9 What do the following phrases from the text mean?1 little appetite for hard work2 twenty-somethings3 instant gratification4 coddling parents and colleges5 we were spoiled by your generation6 break our backs for you7 bury themselves in a cubicleGerund and infinitive1 Which of the verbs or phrases in the box take the gerund (-ing) and which ones take to infinitive (to do)?Be good at plan/intend /aim be worth fail be reluctanthave trouble/difficulty hope/expect manage succeed indecide think about/consider enjoy avoid involve havebe used to/accustomed to be willing/prepared2 Which of the following pairs of phrases is the odd one out grammatically? Why?1 be good at一be bad at2 be willing一be reluctant3 succeed in一fail4 enjoy一dislike3 Complete these sentences.0 when I retire, I plan to do some voluntary work for charity1 When I retire, I plan…2 I think I'm quite good at…3 Before attending a job intervi ew, it's worth…4 My job involves…5 When speaking English, I often have difficulty…6 At work I feel satisfied if I manage…7 For my summer holiday this year, I am considering…8 If I was offered more money, I would be willing…9 The hardest thing a bout starting a new job is getting used to…10 I get annoyed with colleagues if they fail…4 Choose five of the phrasesworking life.in exercise 1 and make sentences about your own working lifeThe future of human resources5 You will hear five human resources (HR) manages0s talking shout the key issues in human resources facing companies today.·The first time you listen, indicate which employee group in the workforce they are talking about.·The second time you listen indicate what actions they propose to take to deal with each issue.TASK ONE一EMPLOYEE GROUPA older employees (50-GO)B new recruitsC traineesD senior managementE young highly qualified employeesF womenG retired employeesH disabled workersA efforts to retain good employeesB the introduction of more flexible workingarrangementsC linlting salaries more closely to resultsD more focus on job training for employeesE encouraging people back from retirementF more support for working parentsG developing a more positive attitudetowards older workersH reducing staff costs6 You've heard the priorities of HR managers. What are your priorities for your working life? Consider the following:.flexible hours·working environment.pay。

1.2Asking and answering questionAn environmental accidentThe Daily ReporterTankerGrounded200 tonnes of oil leak into sea1 .Following this news announcement a journalist interviews a spokesperson from the company that owns the tanker. Listen to the interview.1 What caused the accident?2 How many accidents has the ship been involved in?3 Does the spokesperson come out of it well?2Complete the questions the journalist asks.1 how this happened?2this isn't the first time this particular ship has been in an accident3And to do to limit the damage?4 this kind of accident is acceptable?5 It's a PR disaster for your company,Indirect questions3 Look at exercise 2. Study the structure of the indirect questions in sentences 1 and 4,and the tag questions in sentences 2 and 5.4 Convert the following questions into indirect questions.0 How many years' experience do you have in customer service?Can you tell me how many years' experience you have in customer Service?1 Where have you worked before?I'd be interested to know2 Are you an ambitious person?Would you say3 Have you gone as far as you can in your present job?Do you think ?4 Who are our main customers?Do you know ?5Convert the following questions into tag questions.0 Are you interested in a full一time job?You're interested in a full-time job ,are not you?1 Are you married?2 Can't you start tomorrow"?3 have you only worked for smaller companies?4 Did you manage to find our offices easily'?5 Is this your first real job?6 Would you be able to work part-time?A job interview6 How would you feel if you were asked these questions? How would you reply?1 Can you tell me why you think you'll be good at this job?2 Why should I employ you?3 You don't have much experience in this field, do you?4 You've taken quite a lot of time out from work .Why is that?5 You are quite a quietly-spoken person. Do you have trouble asserting yourself?G Now, your last job. Did you choose to leave?7 And what do you know about our company?8 So tell me what you did yesterday.7 Work with a partner. Each choose one of the following jobs to be interviewed for. Prepare five questions each and then lake it in turns to adopt the role of interviewer and interviewee. Try to put your interviewee `on the spot: firefighter restaurant manager web designerfundraiser for local sports club trainee investment advisor1.3Reading Test: Introduction andPart OneThe Reading Test has six parts, in which there are a total of 52 questions, and Lasts one hour. It carries 25% of the total marks. The texts are all business-related and vary between 150 and 500 words in length. Each part tests a particular reading skill or understanding of language structure.In the exam, you have an hour to read over 2,000 words, so try to develop your reading speed. The only way to do this is to practise:.Read English business texts, e g Time, Newsweek..Get your news from English Internet sites, e g the BBC, CNN.Part Text tune Skill focus Task1 Single text or 5 Beading for global meaning; Matching summariesshort texts (450 summarising to each section of textwords2 Single text (460- heading for detail; Inserting missing500 words) understanding structure sentences into text3 Single text(500- Reading for general meaning 4-part multiple choice600 words) and specific detail comprehension question 4 Single text (250 Understanding meaning and Gap-fill; multiplewords) grammar of individual words choice (4-choice)5 Single text (250 finding missing words to Open gap-fill onewords} give meaning and cohesion Word per gap)6 Single teat (150- understanding grammatical Identifying incorrect of200 words) structure unnecessary words Past OnePart One is a test of reading for gist or global meaning. five texts or sections have to be matched to live sentences that summariese the general view being expressed in each. Follow these steps·Read the instructions twice and make sure you understand the context of the passages) and what you are being asked to do..Do not read the summaries first.·Bearing in mind what general information you are looking for, read the first text }uml then try to summarise, in your head, the general view it expresses.·Now read the summaries and lind the one chat matches your own mental summary. ·repeat this procedure for each of the other four texts.summarising1 Write a one-sentence summary for this passage. Compare your answer with your partner.I favour a direct approach to interviewing where the questions really put the candidate under pressure and test their reactions. If you look at manuals on interviewing technique, you'll find that most advise you first to make the candidate feel at ease, and then to ask open-ended questions that give them the freedom to tall; and express themselves as they would like. But I think we're being far too nice here. By allowing people to dictate the direction of the interview, we run the risk of not discovering who they really are and wasting everyone's time.2 Following the approach described above, do this Reading Test Part One. Give yourself about twelve minutes.PART ONEQuestions 1-8. Look at the sentences below and at the five extracts from an article on employee motivation..Match each statement 1-8 to one of the extracts (A, B, C, D or E)..you will need to use some of the letters more than once..There is an example at the beginning (0).Example:0Job satisfaction is the key to an employee's motivation. D1 Companies usually try to motivate employees with extra payment or verbal praise.2Financial rewards don't work so well when the manager assesses performance himself3In the end, motivation has to come from the person himself.4Loyalty and commitment are two different things.5Employees are committed when they understand and believe in the company's aims. 6Most employees see rewards as an end in themselves.7How well you work does not depend on how good your working conditions are.8Good relations between managers and workers create the right working environment AFundamental to the issue of motivation is the distinction between employee loyalty to the company and employee commitment. Employees feel loyal when they feel comfortable and well looked after job security, reasonable conditions of pay, generous holiday entitlement, medical insurance and a good pension. Without these conditions an employee will feel neither loyalty to the company nor any motivation to work. But it is also possible that even with good conditions, the employee may not feel motivated. This is because performance is not directly related to working conditions: an employee can feel secure. whether he works hard or notBMotivation has more to do with commitment to the job. The conditions that produce commitment are different from those that inspire loyalty. Committed employees will have a clear sense of the goals of the company and understand their part in contributing to achieving them. Moreover, they will believe that these goals are worth working for: they will derive job satisfaction from what they do. So companies who want a motivated staff ought to be spending their time thinking about their goals and communicating these with enthusiasm to their staff.CInstead, the motivation debate seems to focus on rewards, either financial or non-financial. For example money is commonly used as an incentive for sales people or others with measurable targets to reach. Sometimes it is also used to reward employees whose performance has been evaluated subjectively by a line manager. This is less satisfactory. Verbal commendation is also used to motivate, from a simple word of encouragement in the employee's ear to a public award ceremony.DBut do all these types of rewards motivate people? Well yes, they do. They motivate them to get rewards. What they don't necessarily do is motivate them to be a committed employee and do a good job. What really motivates people is the level of satisfaction they find in their work. As Herzberg famously put it: 'If you want people motivated to do a good job, give them a good job to do‘ESo the real motivators are things which are intrinsic to the job: that the employee feels part of a unit that is working towards something worthwhile. And from this as long as communication between employee and management is open and respectful, will come recognition for good work, advancement in the company and personal growth. The best that companies can do is to create such an environment and then hope that within it people are able to motivate themselves。

新编剑桥商务英语高级答案【篇一：新编剑桥商务英语高级第三版第10.1】p> 10.1 travel and entertainmentvocabulary business travel1do you agree with this view?‘i can see a trend, executives want to save costs on businesstravel ,and connecting people virtually is becoming more affordable.’2study the phrases in the box.what does each one mean?how is it pronounced?commute subsidised transport congestion give a lift to someone rush hour teleconferencingcar share schemetravel expenses3which of these statements do you sympathise with?1 spending two hours each day commuting to and from work really affects people’s quality of life.2 it’s fair that the company should subsidise travel for people who commute a long way to work.learning tip 3 if more people worked flexibly we could avoid congestion and rush hours.try to use idiomatic 4 i don’t mind giving a colleague a lift to work now andphrases when then but i couldn’t take part in a car share scheme. i expressing opinions: enjoy that hour to myself in the mornings.eg i couldn’t agree5 air travel is too time-consuming.video andmore ;i’d go alongteleconferencing is the only way forward.wi th that;actually,6 it’s the duty of every employee to manage their business that’s not the way itravel expenses as if it were their own money.see it,etc.4discuss the following questions.1 how do you get to work / college each day?2 why do you use this from of transport ?3 do you pay for your own travel?5as the new manager of the support services atsterrman, engineering firm, you have been asked to reduce spending on travel and entertainment .suggest a policy to tackle each of the problems below.current situation1 the company owns and maintains a fleet of 35company cars for the sales team.2 the company pays for business class tickets on bothlong and short flights.3 the use of expensive restaurants to entertain guestsand clients is very common.4 the company spends a lot on hiring outside rooms formeetings and conferences.compare your answers with a partner.listening a team-building day6 a lot of companies use team-building events ,such ascanoeing events,treasure hunts,company role plays,etc.______.but what should their aim be?prioritise(1-7)the following aims.a generally getting to know each other betterb breaking down formal barriers between management and employeesc bringing out the best qualities in each individual d helping people to feel better about themselvese distinguishing leaders from followersf increasing loyalty to the company g helping to remember that there’s more to life than just work 7 is there some other benefit that hasn’t be en mentioned above?8 10.1 your company has organised a team-building day at silverstone motor racing circuit. you have been asked to attend a short presentation of the programmefor the day. listen and complete your notes. use up to three words for each space. team-building day the aims 0 the aim is not only to 1 to learn how each individual think,functions and 2 this new understanding will make us_______________. the schedule 3 meet at the office at ___________________. 4 the journey will take ___________________. 5 for the activities we will be divided into_____________. 6 at lunch there will be a surprise _________________. 7 after the afternoon’s activities there will be a ________. preparation 8 dress__________________. 9 in case of cold bring a jumper or___________________.10 no mobile phones, laptops, but can bring ____________.the home of british motor racing9 what do you think the activities at the circuit will be exactly? grammar future forms1 look at the verb forms in these sentences(1-6).whatform is used to express the following about the future? future formsa an offerlearning tipnote the use of thepresent when twoclauses about thefuture are connectedwith when or anothertime phrase.i will see him.i willgive him yourmessage.__when isee him, i’ll give himyour message.b a decision already takenc an arrangementd a schedulee a general predictionf a confident prediction 1 the day will begin with a working breakfast at eight o’clock after which delegates will have 30 minutes of free time before the first seminar at 10 o’clock. 2 we’re not going to have a christmas party this year; instead we are going to give the money we would have spent to a charity. 3 she’s not easy to convince,is she?i can see this is going to be a very long discussion. 4 don’t worry, i’ll take the laptop with me.that’s one less thing for you to remember. 5 i’m meeting him at his office at 6.30 and then we’re eating at a greek restaurant in the cit y center. 6 i think he’ll find it difficult to adapt to his new role, because he’s used to being independent. 2 you colleague has written this email for an agent in djakarta.before you send it, she has asked you to put verbs she’s not sure about in the most natural form. dear jimthank you for your email, asking about our plans fornext year. i (0) will do my best to explain the situation.i agree that this year has been disappointing,but weexpect that sales(1)________(pick up)next year.the result of our marketing meeting last week is that we (2)__________(launch) the new version of the dct10 in asia next spring. from the feedback we’ve had in europe,i’m sure it (3) _______(be) a great success. the international gas industry trade fair (4)_______(take place) in singapore next march.i (5)______(fly)out there with jane on 16 march and i hope to have a couple of days extra to seesome agents, but i (6)_____(call) you when i (7)_______(have) my exact schedule,so that we can arrange to meet.in the meantime,let me know if you(8)_______(visit) theuk any time soon. then we can arrange to meet for a meal and a chat. best wishessarahreadingevents management3 do you think being responsible for organising corporate events, sponsorship,parties and team-building events in a dream job? why?/why not?4 read the article from a business magazine about organisingcorporate events.● choose the best sentence from those below(a-h) to fill each of the gaps in the test.● do not use any letter more than once.● there is an example at the beginning(0)how to manage an eventhow would be an events organiser?on the face of it ,playing‘my genial host’ to a group of freeloading clients doesn’t seem too arduous a task. but the amount of stress experienced in getting ready for it and the real and ever-present danger of something going horribly wrong make it a job only for those with nerves of steel. (0)e the list is endless.corporate hospitality events should be an opportunity to relax with your customers and get away from business,but instead they actually expose a company to close scrutiny by its most valued audience and leave a lasting impression in theirminds .done well ,the client is left with the image of acreative ,fun and professional organisation. (1)______worse still ,you might offend:the company who arranged a james bond theme night that started with a group of international guests being greeted by bikini-clad ‘bond girls’ should have known better.the first consideration is what the aim of the event is :to launch a new product ,to develop awareness of the company’s mission, to build relationships with new clients or just to thank existing ones for their continued custom .(2)_______for the latter you won’t necessarily have to spend excessively to get it right ,but you willhave to think about what will make the event memorable. audience participation is generally a good way to achievethis ,for example giving a theme to the event ,such as a 1970s disco or a hawaiian evening.(3)________ it may also put some under pressure ,making them feel that they will have to dance like john travolta or to rely more on their wallet than their imagination to make their costume.(4)__________an alternative is simply to give them a treat by taking them to a show or sporting event and afterwards for a meal where they can relax and chat .(5)________ the advantage of these is that the clients are more likely to look forward to it and to share the good news with others in the wider world who may also have an interest in the event .(6)________in addition ,anything that goes wrong at the events is likely to reflect badly on the main organiser and not your company.a this will get the participants more involved and help to‘break the ice ’ if peopledon’t know each other well,but be careful.b an example of this would be a golf tournament or a football match.c the first two are more like presentations and will mean putting on a show to impress.d staff parties,on the other hand ,are much less stressful because the consequencesof failure are not so damaging.e a speaker may not turn up ,a piece of vital equipment may fail ,the invitation maygive the wrong date.f done badly ,the company may end up lookingcheesy ,disorganised or even cheap.g the result is good publicity and an enhanced image for the company.h the balance is a difficult one and it all depends on the skill of the organiser in theplanning and publicizing of the event ,so the guests feel at ease.vocabularygo and get1 complete the following sentences using the correct form ofeither go or get.0 there is always a danger that something will go wrong on the day.【篇二：新编剑桥商务英语(高级)第三版3.1】p class=txt>3.1 communication at workvocabularymean of communication1 what does this quotation mean to you?‘think like a wise man but communication in the language of the people.’w.b. yeats, poet (1865-1939)2 delete the verb that does not go with each type of business communication. 0anemailsend /draft /post1a phone calldo/make /receive2a press release put up /issue/put out3an advertising campaign launch/run /make4a presentation give /make/ tell5a meeting or seminarhold /attend /carry out6 a report produce/run/publish7a noticeput out/put up/ display8a memo to all concernedpublish/send out/circulate9information on the internet post/make/put3 for which of the following would you feel most confident using your english? and least confident? discuss with your partner.a presentation a meeting a phone calla reportan email4discuss these quotations with your partner.? have you had good experiences of dealing with companies through callcentres?? do you shop on the internet? why? /whynot?? with which products or services is face-to-face contact helpful? with which isit unnecessary?5 read the five extracts from the magazine management now on page27 andthen match each of the eight statements (1-8) with one of the extracts. you will need to use some of the texts more than one.0 you can gather a lot of customer data with modern computer systems. a1 one future trend will be more direct contact between companies and their customers._____2 business hasn’t really changed, only the media of communication._____3 companies need to think about which channel is most appropriate to their customers ’needs._______4 customers are frequently frustrated by not being put though quickly to the person they need to speak to._____5 there is less human interaction nowadays, but this isn’t necessarily bad for the customer.________management now. april issuebetter communication?natalie fitzgerald asked five people working in the field what they thought.a bill osmond, data analysti think he’s got a good point. powerful it systems give companies enormous amounts of information on customer behavior, but it’s what they can do this data that matters.a good example in recent years was centrica, the british utility company. it acquired a big portfolio of different companies and then spent huge amounts of money on an it system designed to cross-sell its various products and services-financial services, telephone contracts, energy supply and so on _to the customers in its different businesses. but they never managed to do it, because their it people were unable to merge all the customer databases or to make them talk to each otherb sarah bridgestone, former call centre managerabsolutely. call centres can more often act as a barrier than a help. talk the example of a well-known mobile phone operator. when a customer calls, he’s given a list of options to choo se from: dial i for bill enquiries, 2 to upgrade his handset, 3 if he has a technical problem, 4 if he’s thinking of leaving the company. from each of these he’s taken through another list of options. if he still can’t find what he is looking for, he’s inv ited to ‘stay on the line until an operator becomes available’. this can take up to ten minutes, by which time he is now seriously thinking of going back to option 4 and cancelling his contract. it really seems counter-productive.cdoug cook, bank managerthere is no doubt that modern communication channels have depersonalized a lot of customer contact. banks have been doing this for years, trying to commoditise the service that they offer so that they can rationalize it and make it cheaper to deliver most transactions- bank deposits, cash withdrawals, issuing of statements-have been automated whether at a cash machine, over the phone or online. this has saved companies and the customer money. but cost-cutting is by no means the only driver- it’s a trend a lso driver by customer demand for a quick and flexible service.d farhana patel, online retailerit’s just about convenience. whether i text you a message or tell you the same message face-to-face, it’s still a message. the growth of internet shopping compared to that of high street shopping shows very clearly that customers want cheaper and more accessible services. sellers like the convenience too of course. ebay started out as a market place for individuals but, increasingly, companies have used it to sell products direct to consumers. in face it’s not very different from a traditional market place. there is still a community of buyers and sellers who talk to each other and do business just the same as if they were dealing face-to-face.e brian macwhinney, management consultantbusinesses are often too quick to embrace new technology in order to save money or gain a competitive advantage. but applying the same solution to all types of business is never a good idea. there are cultural factors to consider. using a call centre in india to handle enquiries about train times on railways in europe is a bad idea because it isn’t suited to customers’ expectations. on the other hand, a european customer of a computer company doesn’t really mind if his technical problem is solved by a call centre operator in india or ireland or alaska, because it doesn’t require any cultural knowledge. good communication is about finding the right channel. in time, i expect we’ll see a return to more face-to-face contact with customers and more local services. speaking 1 which of the following do you find useful? when do you use it? why?mobile phone email sms msnblackberry2 decide the best ways to communication the following messages.first letter has been written for you).0to answer somebody, you give a reply.1to ask for something, you make a r_____.2to help someone remember, you give them a r_____.3 to suggest or recommend something, you make a p_____.4 to say something publicly, you make an a______.5 to say sorry you make an a______.6to insist that someone does something, you make a d_____. grammargrammar tipoften verbs that express a similar notion will take the same form, eg dissuade discourage, deter are all followed by someone from doing.this can also be the case with opposite notions, eg agree and refuse +to do. i discouraged him from applying for the job.i dissuaded him from applying for the job.verb patternsin the email below, all the forms following the communication verbs (discuss, apologise etc) are underlined. some are incorrect. correct them.dear jimfor givingfor givingup your time to help us.it’s very kind of you to agree (1) working with us on this project-i know you are very busy. when we last met, we discussed (2) a special team to deal with complaints from customers. i have since had a meeting with sarah, the head of thewe need a better system for dealing with complaints.last week, a customer rang to complain (7) to wait one month for interest on it before delivering the product. the sales person who answered the call offered him a discount, without even checking the history of the order. when i checked, i discovered an email from us in forming the customer when he thought the product (10) a one-month delay in delivery. the salesman was very defensive and said that he couldn’t be criticized (11)keep the customer happy!so you see, we’ve got a lot of work to do. looking forward to hearing from you. best wisheskaren 5put the words below into their correct place in the table. urgethreaten proposeundertakepraise blamerecommenddeny convince6 complete these sentences.0they threaten to take us to court if we didn’t pay them immediately.1it’s a very sensitive issue. i suggest __________ an anonymous email.2once, in a restaurant, i complained ___________ and the manager told us to leave. 3what a waste of time! we spent three hours discussing___________.4the company offered__________, but amazingly she refused. 5i’ve promised ___________ by tomorrow morning.6 i can’t believe you had to remind him ____________. that’s his job.【篇三：新编剑桥商务英语(初级)学生用书_答案_module_1.1-5.3】ing and workshopsp6what does your job involve? p7the present simplep8module 1.2personal and professional details meetingpeoplep10job and work p12module 1.3bec preliminary exam p14p15 reading test。

新编剑桥商务英语（高级）第三版2.2-2.32.2Presenting factsFalling shares1.Read these two documents: a short article from a financial newspaper and a pre-Christmas advertisement from Kaptoys. What kind of company is it? What's the problem for Kaptoys?KaptoysChecking off your kid's Christmas wish list? Perhaps we can help. No-one stocks a bigger range of toys.Shares in Kaptoys fell again today by 2% prompting speculation that the company will post poor profits for the second quarter running. The fall would be in line with other high street retailers who have all reported quieter sales than normal for the period.2.Listen to the short speech by Sheila Kaplan, CEO of Kaptoys, to her Business Development department. Complete the notes on her instructions.Meeting with: Sheila KaplanDate Thursday 17 Aprilprogress with 3-year plan （1）Consequence （2）Action proposed: （3）Details to note: （4）Presenting facts3.After a month's research the Business Development team meet again to present their findings. Work with a partner. You are each going to prepare a presentation. ·Student A, look at the notes on the company on page 23 and prepare to presentit ·Student B, look at the notes on the company on page 127 and prepare to present it ·Before you make your presentation, look first at the language box below. Use and phrases that you find useful. 13emember that you are just presenting facts and not trying to sell something.Presenting factsOK. If everyone is ready, I'll begin./Shall we begin?/Shall we get started?I'm going to describe/present/explain/give you some information about…Please interrupt me if there's something that's not clear.Please leave your questions until the end and I'll answer them thenI'd like to begin by (saying/describing/explaining)…There are two/three/four key points to note about.，.Firstly…Secondly…a nd finally…It's also worth noting that…So, I think I've covered the main points.So, to sum up,…I'd like to invite your questions now./So, are there any questions?So, (if there aren't any more questions) I'll end there.171anks for your attention.Student ACompany name: Wheels Times 2Company type: Limited company, equal shares owned by two directors Date established: 1989Turnover: ￡24 million per yearNumber of employees: 65Main products: Children's and adults' bicycles; cyclingaccessories;cycling holidaysLocations: Sixteen retail outlets in major cities across the UK; goodInternet presence, with growing on-line sales Brief history: 1989-two mountain bike enthusiasts open shop in Manchester1992-voted best bike shop in UI< by Mountain Bike magazine1994-three new shops in London, Cardiff and Birmingham 1998-extends range, five new shops2000-offers cycling weekends and holidays2001-launches online bike shop2004-online sales hit￡lm mark2006-seven new shopsCore competencies: Technical knowledge of bicycles; customer serviceFinancial situation: Positive cashflow; good profit margins; quite high debtfrom recent investment in new shop premises Market prospects: Good. Cycling increasingly popular and bikes increasingly sophisticatedMarket price: Probably high4.Discuss which of the two companies would be a better acquisition target forKaptoys.2.3Speaking Test: Introduction and Part OneThe Speaking Test has three parts and lasts about fourteen minutes. For this part of the test you will be with at least oneother candidate (and sometimes two). It carries 25% of the total marks. Each part tests a different speaking skill.Exam SuccessFourteen minutes goes very quickly. Make sure you use every opportunity to take the floor and interact with the other candidate and the examiner, while respecting their right to do the same.Part Speaking task Grouping Length1 Talking about yourself One-to-one About 3and expressingOne-minute presentation on a2 business theme (choice of three) Individual and About 6 minutesfollowed by questions from other pairworkcandidates3. Discussion of a business scenario pairwork About 5 Minutesfrom promptsPart 1: tests your ability to have a conversation about yourself (past, present and future) and to give opinions on general topics.Part 2: tests your ability to organise, present and discuss information and ideas.Part 3: tests your ability to interact in a business context, using appropriate functional language (agreeing, making suggestions, justifying, etc).Part OnePart One should be a relaxed conversation. You can prepare by thinking about what to say about your studies, work, ambitions, interests and where you live. You can also learnidiomatic phrases for giving opinions, agreeing and disagreeing, etc. Talking about yourself and your workThese are questions the examiner might ask you in the first part of the Speaking Test. Match each question (1-8) with one of the answers (A-H) below.1 What do you like doing in your spare time? H2 Wh at do think of…as a place to live?3 What are you planning to do after the course?4 What kind of course is it?5 How would you describe your working environment?6 Tell me a bit about the company.7 What is your role exactly?8 How would you feel about working until you're 70?A We provide…services to the…industry.B I'm going to apply for a job with…C It's a tour-year degree course.D I like it, but I miss my home town.E It's quite relaxed/informal/traditional/dynamic.F I work as a junior manager/a trainee.G I'm not really sure it's necessary.H My main interests are keeping fit and traveling.Expressing opinions2 Discuss the points below with your partner. Use the phrases on page 130 to help. ·Do you think it's better to work for a big organization or a small company?·Can management of people be learned, or is it a natural quality?·What do you think will be the really big growth areas of the economy over the next fifteen years?3 Use these examiner's prompts to simulate Part One of thetest. Work with a partner and take it in turns to play the roles of examiner and candidate.Interview 1After general introductions, ask the candidate aboutwhere they live, focusing on:.the main industries of the town.employment opportunities.their opinion of the transport infrastructure.if they would prefer to live somewhere elseInterview 2After general introductions, ask the candidate aboutwhere they want to work in the future focusing on:.skills and training needed for the job.career prospects.rewards of the job (financial and non-financial).their opinion of the prospects for this sector。

1.2Asking and answering questionAn environmental accidentThe Daily ReporterTankerGrounded200 tonnes of oil leak into sea1 .Following this news announcement a journalist interviews a spokesperson from the company that owns the tanker. Listen to the interview.1 What caused the accident?2 How many accidents has the ship been involved in?3 Does the spokesperson come out of it well?2Complete the questions the journalist asks.1 how this happened?2this isn't the first time this particular ship has been in an accident3And to do to limit the damage?4 this kind of accident is acceptable?5 It's a PR disaster for your company,Indirect questions3 Look at exercise 2. Study the structure of the indirect questions in sentences 1 and 4,and the tag questions in sentences 2 and 5.4 Convert the following questions into indirect questions.0 How many years' experience do you have in customer service?Can you tell me how many years' experience you have in customer Service?1 Where have you worked before?I'd be interested to know2 Are you an ambitious person?Would you say3 Have you gone as far as you can in your present job?Do you think ?4 Who are our main customers?Do you know ?5Convert the following questions into tag questions.0 Are you interested in a full一time job?You're interested in a full-time job ,are not you?1 Are you married?2 Can't you start tomorrow"?3 have you only worked for smaller companies?4 Did you manage to find our offices easily'?5 Is this your first real job?6 Would you be able to work part-time?A job interview6 How would you feel if you were asked these questions? How would you reply?1 Can you tell me why you think you'll be good at this job?2 Why should I employ you?3 You don't have much experience in this field, do you?4 You've taken quite a lot of time out from work .Why is that?5 You are quite a quietly-spoken person. Do you have trouble asserting yourself?G Now, your last job. Did you choose to leave?7 And what do you know about our company?8 So tell me what you did yesterday.7 Work with a partner. Each choose one of the following jobs to be interviewed for. Prepare five questions each and then lake it in turns to adopt the role of interviewer and interviewee. Try to put your interviewee `on the spot: firefighter restaurant manager web designerfundraiser for local sports club trainee investment advisor1.3Reading Test: Introduction andPart OneThe Reading Test has six parts, in which there are a total of 52 questions, and Lasts one hour. It carries 25% of the total marks. The texts are all business-related and vary between 150 and 500 words in length. Each part tests a particular reading skill or understanding of language structure.In the exam, you have an hour to read over 2,000 words, so try to develop your reading speed. The only way to do this is to practise:.Read English business texts, e g Time, Newsweek..Get your news from English Internet sites, e g the BBC, CNN.Part Text tune Skill focus Task1 Single text or 5 Beading for global meaning; Matching summariesshort texts (450 summarising to each section of textwords2 Single text (460- heading for detail; Inserting missing500 words) understanding structure sentences into text3 Single text(500- Reading for general meaning 4-part multiple choice600 words) and specific detail comprehension question 4 Single text (250 Understanding meaning and Gap-fill; multiplewords) grammar of individual words choice (4-choice)5 Single text (250 finding missing words to Open gap-fill onewords} give meaning and cohesion Word per gap)6 Single teat (150- understanding grammatical Identifying incorrect of200 words) structure unnecessary words Past OnePart One is a test of reading for gist or global meaning. five texts or sections have to be matched to live sentences that summariese the general view being expressed in each. Follow these steps·Read the instructions twice and make sure you understand the context of the passages) and what you are being asked to do..Do not read the summaries first.·Bearing in mind what general information you are looking for, read the first text }umlthen try to summarise, in your head, the general view it expresses.·Now read the summaries and lind the one chat matches your own mental summary. ·repeat this procedure for each of the other four texts.summarising1 Write a one-sentence summary for this passage. Compare your answer with your partner.I favour a direct approach to interviewing where the questions really put the candidate under pressure and test their reactions. If you look at manuals on interviewing technique, you'll find that most advise you first to make the candidate feel at ease, and then to ask open-ended questions that give them the freedom to tall; and express themselves as they would like. But I think we're being far too nice here. By allowing people to dictate the direction of the interview, we run the risk of not discovering who they really are and wasting everyone's time.2 Following the approach described above, do this Reading Test Part One. Give yourself about twelve minutes.PART ONEQuestions 1-8. Look at the sentences below and at the five extracts from an article on employee motivation..Match each statement 1-8 to one of the extracts (A, B, C, D or E)..you will need to use some of the letters more than once..There is an example at the beginning (0).Example:0Job satisfaction is the key to an employee's motivation. D1 Companies usually try to motivate employees with extra payment or verbal praise.2Financial rewards don't work so well when the manager assesses performance himself3In the end, motivation has to come from the person himself.4Loyalty and commitment are two different things.5Employees are committed when they understand and believe in the company's aims. 6Most employees see rewards as an end in themselves.7How well you work does not depend on how good your working conditions are.8Good relations between managers and workers create the right working environment AFundamental to the issue of motivation is the distinction between employee loyalty to the company and employee commitment. Employees feel loyal when they feel comfortable and well looked after job security, reasonable conditions of pay, generous holiday entitlement, medical insurance and a good pension. Without these conditions an employee will feel neither loyalty to the company nor any motivation to work. But it is also possible that even with good conditions, the employee may not feel motivated. This is because performance is not directly related to working conditions: an employee can feel secure. whether he works hard or notBMotivation has more to do with commitment to the job. The conditions that produce commitment are different from those that inspire loyalty. Committed employees will have a clear sense of the goals of the company and understand their part in contributing to achieving them. Moreover, they will believe that these goals are worth working for: they will derive job satisfaction from what they do. So companies who want a motivated staff ought to be spending their time thinking about their goals and communicating these with enthusiasm to their staff.CInstead, the motivation debate seems to focus on rewards, either financial or non-financial. For example money is commonly used as an incentive for sales people or others with measurable targets to reach. Sometimes it is also used to reward employees whose performance has been evaluated subjectively by a line manager. This is less satisfactory. Verbal commendation is also used to motivate, from a simple word of encouragement in the employee's ear to a public award ceremony.DBut do all these types of rewards motivate people? Well yes, they do. They motivate them to get rewards. What they don't necessarily do is motivate them to be a committed employee and do a good job. What really motivates people is the level of satisfaction they find in their work. As Herzberg famously put it: 'If you want people motivated to do a good job, give them a good job to do‘ESo the real motivators are things which are intrinsic to the job: that the employee feels part of a unit that is working towards something worthwhile. And from this as long as communication between employee and management is open and respectful, will come recognition for good work, advancement in the company and personal growth. The best that companies can do is to create such an environment and then hope that withinit people are able to motivate themselves。

MODULE 10 BUSINESS TOPIC10.1 Travel and entertainmentVOCABULARY Business travel1 Do you agree with this view?‘I can see a trend, executives want to save costs on business travel ,and connecting people virtually is becoming moreaffordable.’2 Study the phrases in the box.What does each onemean?How is it pronounced?commute subsidised transport congestion give a lift to someone rush hour teleconferencing car share scheme travel expenses3 Which of these statements do you sympathise with?1 Spending two hours each day commuting to and fromwork really affects people’s quality of life.2 It’s fair that the company should subsidise travel forpeople who commute a long way to work.Learning Tip 3 If more people worked flexibly we could avoidcongestion and rush hours.Try to use idiomatic 4 I don’t mind giving a colleague a lift to work now andphrases when then but I couldn’t take part in a car share scheme. I expressing opinions: enjoy that hour to myself in the mornings.eg I couldn’t agree 5 Air travel is too time-consuming.Video andmore ;I’d go along teleconferencing is the only way forward.with that;Actually, 6 It’s the duty of every employee to manage their businessthat’s not the way I travel expenses as if it were their own money.see it,etc.4 Discuss the following questions.1 How do you get to work / college each day?2 Why do you use this from of transport ?3 Do you pay for your own travel?5 As the new manager of the support services atSterrman, Engineering firm, you have been asked toreduce spending on travel and entertainment .Suggest a policy to tackle each of the problems below. Current situation1 The company owns and maintains a fleet of 35company cars for the sales team.2 The company pays for business class tickets on bothlong and short flights.3 The use of expensive restaurants to entertain guestsand clients is very common.4 The company spends a lot on hiring outside rooms for meetings and conferences.Compare your answers with a partner.LISTENING A team-building day6 A lot of companies use team-building events ,such ascanoeing events,treasure hunts,company role plays,etc. But what should their aim be?Prioritise(1-7)thefollowing aims.A generally getting to know each other betterB breaking down formal barriers between managementand employeesC bringing out the best qualities in each individualD helping people to feel better about themselvesE distinguishing leaders from followersF increasing loyalty to the companyG helping to remember that there’s more to life than just work7 Is there some other benefit that hasn’t been mentioned Above?8 10.1 Your company has organised a team-building day at Silverstone Motor Racing Circuit. You have beenasked to attend a short presentation of the programme for the day. Listen and complete your notes. Use up to three words for each space.Team-building dayThe aims0 The aim is not only to have a good time .1 To learn how each individual think,functions and ______.2 This new understanding will make us_______________.The schedule3 Meet at the office at ___________________.4 The journey will take ___________________.5 For the activities we will be divided into_____________.6 At lunch there will be a surprise _________________.7 After the afternoon’s activities there will be a ________.Preparation8 Dress__________________.9 In case of cold bring a jumper or___________________.10 No mobile phones, laptops, but can bring ____________. The home of British Motor Racing9 What do you think the activities at the circuit will be exactly? GRAMMAR Future forms1 Look at the verb forms in these sentences(1-6).WhatForm is used to express the following about the future? Future formsa an offerb a decision already takenc an arrangementd a schedulee a general predictionf a confident prediction1 The day will begin with a working breakfast at eighto’clock after which delegates will have 30 minutes offree time before the first seminar at 10 o’clock.2 We’re not going to have a Christmas party this year;instead we are going to give the money we would havespent to a charity.3 She’s not easy to convince,is she?I can see this is goingto be a very long discussion.4 Don’t worry, I’ll take the laptop with me.That’s one less thing for you to remember.5 I’m meeting him at his office at 6.30 and then we’reeating at a Greek restaurant in the city center.6 I think he’ll find it difficult to adapt to his new role,because he’s used to being independent.Learning Tip 2 You colleague has written this email for an agent in Note the use of the Djakarta.Before you send it, she has asked you to putpresent when two verbs she’s not sure about in the most natural form.Clauses about thefuture are connected Dear Jimwith when or another Thank you for your email, asking about our plans fortime phrase. next year.I will see him.I will I (0) will do my best to explain the situation.give him yourmessage.__When I I agree that this year has been disappointing,but we see him, I’ll give him expect that sales (1)________(pick up)next year.The your message. result of our marketing meeting last week is that we (2) __________(launch) the new version of the DCT10 inAsia next spring. From the feedback we’ve had in Europe,I’m sure it (3) _______(be) a great success.The International Gas Industry Trade Fair (4)_______(take place)in Singapore next March.I (5)______(fly)out there with Jane on 16 March and I hope to have acouple of days extra to see some agents, but I (6)_____(call) you when I (7)_______(have) my exact schedule,so that we can arrange to meet.In the meantime,let me know if you(8)_______(visit) theUK any time soon. Then we can arrange to meet for ameal and a chat.Best wishesSarahREADING Events management3 Do you think being responsible for organising corporate events, Sponsorship,parties and team-building events in a dream job?Why?/Why not?4 Read the article from a business magazine about organisingcorporate events.● Choose the best sentence from those below(A-H) to fill each ofthe gaps in the test.● Do not use any letter more than once.● There is an example at the beginning(0)HOW TO MANAGE AN EVENTHow would be an events organiser?On the face of it ,playing ‘my genial host’ to a group of freeloading clients doesn’t seem too arduous a task. But the amount of stress experienced in getting ready for it and the real and ever-present danger of something going horribly wrong make it a job only for those with nerves of steel. (0)E The list is endless.Corporate hospitality events should be an opportunity to relax with your customers and get away from business,but instead they actually expose a company to close scrutiny by its most valued audience and leave a lasting impression in their minds .Done well ,the client is left with the image of a creative ,fun and professional organisation. (1)______Worse still ,you might offend:the company who arranged a James Bond theme night that started with a group of international guests being greeted by bikini-clad ‘Bond girls’should have known better.The first consideration is what the aim of the event is :to launch a new product ,to develop awareness of the company’s mission, to build relationships with new clients or just to thank existing ones for their continued custom .(2)_______For the latter you won’t necessarily have to spend excessively to get it right ,but you will have to think about what will make the event memorable. Audience participation is generally a good way to achieve this ,for example giving a theme to the event ,such as a 1970s disco or a Hawaiian evening.(3)________It may also put some under pressure ,making them feel that they will have to dance like John Travolta or to rely more on their wallet than their imagination to make their costume.(4)__________An alternative is simply to give them a treat by taking them to a show orsporting event and afterwards for a meal where they can relax and chat .(5)________ The advantage of these is that the clients are more likely to look forward to it and to share the good news with others in the wider world who may also have an interest in the event .(6)________In addition ,anything that goes wrong at the events is likely to reflect badly on the main organiser and not your company.A This will get the participants more involved and help to ‘break the ice ’ if peopledon’t know each other well,but be careful.B An example of this would be a golf tournament or a football match.C The first two are more like presentations and will mean putting on a show toImpress.D Staff parties,on the other hand ,are much less stressful because the consequencesof failure are not so damaging.E A speaker may not turn up ,a piece of vital equipment may fail ,the invitation mayGive the wrong date.F Done badly ,the company may end up looking cheesy ,disorganised or evenCheap.G The result is good publicity and an enhanced image for the company.H The balance is a difficult one and it all depends on the skill of the organiser in theplanning and publicizing of the event ,so the guests feel at ease. VOCABULARY Go and get1 Complete the following sentences using the correct form ofeither go or get.0 There is always a danger that something will go wrong on theday.1 I have a lot of things to ______ready before the party tomorrow.2 The key to a successful event is to _________all the participants involved.3 I can’t do 13 July, I am afraid --it’s the day my brother is ______ married4 Don’t worry.Everything is _________according to plan.5 Can you call them please?I’ve tried to convince them, but I’mnot ________anywhere.6 The budget for this event is out of control. The company will_________bankrupt at this rate.7 The boss will _______ crazy if the funds out you’ve taken hisparking space.8 Everything went smoothly ,except for the three people who ____ lost on their way from the airport.2 Choose four of the above phrases with go or get and writesentences of your own.READING Planning a corporate event3 You work for Vermillion Events Management, whichspecialises in organising conferences and corporate events.You receive the following letter . Read it and with your partneragree an outline plan for the event using the framework given on page 101.CATHSTONE● ● ● ●DESIHNERS OF FINE JEWELLERYDear sir / madamCathstone will be celebrating its 50th anniversary in business this November and would like to organise a suitable event toCommemorate the occasion. Your company was recommended to me by a colleague.In case you have not heard of us,Cathstone is Asia’s leadingjewellery designer and wholesaler.We supply prestige jewellers in major cities across the world.Attending the event will be the senior management team(30people) and about 200 of our key clients and supplies withtheir husbands,wives or partners.I don’t need to stress to you the importance of putting on a good show ,but we leave it to you to come up with a proposal for what the theme and venue might be .We have set aside a reasonablebudget for the event,but of course we are not handing you ablank cheque !Please submit a rough estimate of cost with your proposal .I look forward to hearing from you.Your faithfullyMartha LoraxMartha LoraxCommunications DirectorOutline proposal for corporate event1 Company _______________________________________2 Purpose of event ___________________________________3 Venue____________________________________________4 Theme ___________________________________________5 Speakers/Guests___________________________________6 Activities_________________________________________7 Food and drink____________________________________8 Promotional literature /gifts__________________________9 Approx. cost per head_______________________________ SPEAKINGExam successPractice making briefnotes that you canRefer to when giving ashort speech orcontributing at ameeting.Making a pitch4 You have been invited to pitch for the customer event atCathstone .Divide yourself into pairs of events managers and a panel of a Ca thstone managers.Read the instructions belowand then act out the meeting.Events managersPresent your ideas for the event to the Cathstone panel.Divide the presentation into two parts so that each person has equal opportunity to speak .Be prepared to answer questions afterwards.PanelFirst discuss together what you are looking for .Then listen to two or three pitches by different event management companies. After each pitch ,ask questions.At the end decide who is the winner and be prepared to give our reasons.。

1.1 Working life1 What does this quotation mean to you?`Life is what happens to you while you're busy making other plans.'john Lennon, English singer& song writer (1940-19830)2 Discuss these questions.1 How many jobs do you expect to have in your life ? 1-3 4-7 8or more2 Would you prefer to be self-employed or an employee? Why ?3 in fifteen years’ time, do you expect to work more or less than now ?4 at what age do you expect to stop working ? 55 65 753Underline tire best word to complete each sentence.1 At the moment, people generally retire/resign at 652 I joined/applied for the company when I was 25 and have worked thereever since3 What's the best way to pay/reward our employees for good performance?4 About 700 staff were laid off/dismissed when the company lost the contract tosupply Toyota5 We have educated/trained our staff in the use of laser equipment.6 I'm going to leave/change the company at the end of the year.7 E and C Consultants recruits/employs from the top business schools.8 Companies need to offer parents of young children more flexible/overtime hours-9 they used only to offer permanent posts, but now most new contracts aretemporary/part-time ones.10 I have one day off/ holiday a week to attend a course at college.4 Make sentences with the words you didnt use in Exercise 3.5 Make nouns from thefollowing verbs.Attitude to work6 Do you think that people starting work now have a different attitude to work than their parents did? if so, in what ways?7 Look at the newspaper article and read the title. What does the title suggest to you?Read the article arid check if you were r fight.Young workers Want it all, nowOh, and they’ll need to take next Friday off ,tooTETROIT一Kurt Jennings, hoping to start a career in radio sales, thought he was prepared to answer any question during his recent interview. Then theradio executive opened the interview with, `So, we call you guys the Entitlement Generation". You imagine you're entitled to everything.' There is an impression that the current generation of young workers has high expectations for salary, responsibility and job flexibility, but little appetite for hard work and little sense of loyalty to a company`A lot of twenty-somethings have a hard time making the transition to work typically Kids who've had success early in life and who've become used to getting instant gratification,' says Dr. Levi Cohen, a peadiatrics professor.He says that coddling parents and colleges often fail to prepare students for the realities of adulthood and working life.Many employers, from corporate executives to restaurateurs, agree.`It seems they expect to hove in then first week everything that the veteran has worked 20 or 30 years to earn,' says Mike Amor, the owner of a Salt LakeCity chain of restaurants.Kurt had this reply 'for his interviewee at the radio station: `Maybe we were spoiled by your Generation. But "entitled" is too strong a word,' he said. `Do we think we're deserving if we're doing to go out there and break our backs for you'?Yes..'He ended up getting the-job.But some experts say that' having highexpectations, and tellin}} your boss what they are, isn't necessarily a bad thing.`It's true they're not all rushing to bury themselves in a cubicle a}记follow orders for the next 40 years, but why on earth should they?' asks .leaf Bartlctt, a University of Carolina psychologist8 Do you think the younger generation is spoiled and expects too much? .or do you think the older generation sacrificed their lives (and fun in their lives) for work?9 What do the following phrases from the text mean?1 little appetite for hard work2 twenty-somethings3 instant gratification4 coddling parents and colleges5 we were spoiled by your generation6 break our backs for you7 bury themselves in a cubicleGerund and infinitive1 Which of the verbs or phrases in the box take the gerund (-ing) and which ones take to infinitive (to do)?Be good at plan/intend /aim be worth fail be reluctanthave trouble/difficulty hope/expect manage succeed indecide think about/consider enjoy avoid involve havebe used to/accustomed to be willing/prepared2 Which of the following pairs of phrases is the odd one out grammatically? Why?1 be good at一be bad at2 be willing一be reluctant3 succeed in一fail4 enjoy一dislike3 Complete these sentences.0 when I retire, I plan to do some voluntary work for charity1 When I retire, I plan…2 I think I'm quite good at…3 Before attending a job intervi ew, it's worth…4 My job involves…5 When speaking English, I often have difficulty…6 At work I feel satisfied if I manage…7 For my summer holiday this year, I am considering…8 If I was offered more money, I would be willing…9 The hardest thing a bout starting a new job is getting used to…10 I get annoyed with colleagues if they fail…4 Choose five of the phrasesworking life.in exercise 1 and make sentences about your own working lifeThe future of human resources5 You will hear five human resources (HR) manages0s talking shout the key issues in human resources facing companies today.·The first time you listen, indicate which employee group in the workforce they are talking about.·The second time you listen indicate what actions they propose to take to deal with each issue.TASK ONE一EMPLOYEE GROUPA older employees (50-GO)B new recruitsC traineesD senior managementE young highly qualified employeesF womenG retired employeesH disabled workersA efforts to retain good employeesB the introduction of more flexible workingarrangementsC linlting salaries more closely to resultsD more focus on job training for employeesE encouraging people back from retirementF more support for working parentsG developing a more positive attitudetowards older workersH reducing staff costs6 You've heard the priorities of HR managers. What are your priorities for your working life? Consider the following:.flexible hours·working environment.pay。

新剑桥商务英语（高级）习题答案En glish for Bus in ess StudiesKey to Unit 01: The three sectors of the economyThis unit covers a lot of basic vocabulary concerning developed econo mies much of it in an extract from a well-known British novel. It also discusses the evolution of the economy of most of the older industrialized countries, with the decli ne of manu facturi ng in dustry and its replaceme nt by services. There is an extract from a magaz ine in terview with an econo mist and an in terview with a British Member of Parliame nt on this issue.1a Vocabulary p09Ide ntify the most prominent features in this photograph, which illustrates various importa nt eleme nts of the in frastructure of a moder n in dustrialized coun try. The photo clearly shows a large factory (the Un ilever factory in Warri ngton, En gla nd) in the cen ter, with more factories, in dustrial un its, or warehouses in the top right-ha nd corner. The large factory seems to in clude some office buildi ngs. Also visible are agricultural la nd (in the backgro und; the land in the foreground doesn ' t appear to be cultivated), a river, a railway and several roads,and hous ing, perhaps with a school in the cen ter of the hous ing estate top left.1b Reading p10What is the key point that this extract is making about economies?The text suggests that most people take for gran ted the amaz ing complexity of the econo mic in frastructure.1c Comprehe nsion p111.ln lines 4-7, Robyn sees examples of all three. What are they?Ti ny fields (the primary sector), factories (the sec on dary sector), and railways, motorways, shops, offices, and schools (the tertiary sector).2. The long sentence from lines 12-28 lists a large nu mber of operati onsbel onging to the differe nt sectors of the economy. Classify the 18 activities from the passagePrimary sector: digg ing iron ore, mining coal.Secondary sector assembli ng, buildi ng, cutt ing metal, lay ing cables, milli ng metal, smelt ing iron, weldi ng metal.Tertiary sector: advertis ing products, calculati ng prices, distributi ng added value, maintenan ce, marketi ng products, packagi ng products, pump ing oil, tran sportati on.3. Ca n you thi nk of three importa nt activities to add to each list (not n ecessarily in relati on to the kettle)?Primary sector: farmi ng (agriculture), fishi ng and forestrySecon dary sector manu facturi ng, tran sform ing and process ingTertiary sector: financing, designing, retailing2a Reading p121. W hy do people worry about the decli ne of manu facturi ng?Because they think it will lead to un employme nt.2. W hich activities are as importa nt as the producti on of goods?Desig ning goods, persuadi ng people to buy them; arts and en terta inment.3.Should people worry about this state of affairs?No, because it is a n atural, progressive and in evitable developme nt.2b Liste ning p13Liste n to a short in terview with Denis MacSha ne, a British Member of Parliame nt for the Labor Party.Does he hold the same view as J. K. Galbraith?Denis MacSha ne quite clearly disagrees with Galbraith.1. W hy does MacSha ne think that manu facturi ng has a future?Because there are many new products that have to be inven ted to serve new n eeds.2. Why does MacSha ne think that manu facturi ng has a future in the adva need countries?Because these coun tries have product ion tech no logy that requires very little labor in put.3. Why, however, is this manufacturing uniikely to solve the problem of un employment?Precisely because it requires very little labor in put.4. W hat does MacSha ne mean by 'in theory there should be no moremanu facturi ng ' in Switzerla nd? (It is this theory that makesynpsople arguethat manu facturi ng must move to -dev'iopsed coun tries.)The conventional theory is that the most important cost in manufacturing is labor, and wages and salaries in Switzerla nd are the highest in the world. (As is the cost of liv in g!) 5. Why does he say it is surprising for a British company to be buying Swiss goods? Because the pound sterl ing has, over the years, lost a great deal of value aga inst foreig n curre ncies, especially the Swiss franc.6. What is the reason he gives for the United States still being the richest nation in the world?It has a successful manufacturing economy, including its computer and car (automobile) in dustries.7. Match up the following expressions and definitions:1. to convert itself. B/ to change from one thing to another2. to serve needQ/ to satisfy people ' s desires or requirements3. Labor in put A/ manual work4. to stumble onE/ to discover someth ing by accide nt5. to be dubiousC/ to be un certa in, disbeliev ing2c Writing p13Summarize both Gallbraith 'MacSidanW s arguments in a short paragraph offewer the n 50 words.A POSSIBLE SUMMARY Galbraith says that manufacturing industry will in evitably decli ne in the adva need in dustrial coun tries, and be replaced by desig n, advertis ing, en terta inment, and so on. MaSha ne says that manu facturi ng will cha nge, and make new products with new tech no logy.New words in this unit 01agriculture, bus in ess, compa ny, con sumer, econo mic, economy, employme nt, goods, in dustry, in frastructure, labour, manu facturi ng, primary sector, product, raw materials, sec on dary sector, tertiary sector, un employme ntUnit 2 Man ageme ntMan ageme nt is importa nt. The success or failure of bus in ess orga ni zati ons, gover nment in stitutio ns and public sector services, volun tary and non-profit organizations, sports teams, and so on, often depends on the quality of their management. This unit includes a discussion of the qualities required by managers, a definition of management, consideration of the role of the meetings in man ageme nt, a critical view of the man ageme nt of one large America n mult in ati onal compa ny, and an in terview with the man ager of a British departme nt store, who discusses his job.Before the discussion on the qualities required by managers and the definition of management, maybe we an discuss the cartoon. What ' s the joke? We can assume that Mr. Farvis runs this compa ny (his n ame is on the door). What can we say about his man agerial skills, or his appare nt lack of them?Discuss in pairs for two minu tes what exactly man agers do, concerning orga nizing, sett ing objectives, allocati ng tasks and resources, com muni cat ing, motivati ng, and so on.1a Discussi onWhat is man ageme nt? Is it an art or a scie nee? An in st inct or a set of skills and tech niq ues that can be taught?Man ageme nt is a mixture of inn ate qualities and lear nable skills and tech niq ues.What do you thi nk makes a good man ager? Whichour of the follow ing qualities do you thi nk are the most importa nt?Bei ng decisive: able to make quick decisi onsBeing efficient: doing things quickly, not leaving tasks unfinished, having a tidy desk, and so onBei ng frie ndly and sociableBei ng able to com muni cate with people --Bei ng logical, rati onal and an alyticalBeing able to motivate and in spire and lead people ——Bei ng authoritative: able to give ordersBeing compete nt: knowing one ' s job perfectly, as well as the work of one ' s subord in ates ——Being persuasive: able to convince people to do thingsHavi ng good ideas ----Are there any qualities that you thi nk should be added to this list?Which of these qualities can be acquired? Which must you be born with?There are clearly no definitive answers as to which of these skills can be acquired.1b Readi ngPeter Drucker, the (Austria n-bor n) America n man ageme nt professor and con sulta nt, is the author of many books about bus in ess. This text summarizes some of Peter Drucker ' s views on management. It paraphrases the extended definition of management he gives in one of his management textbooks. As you read about his description of the work of a manager, decide whether the five different functions he mentions require the four qualities you selected in your discussi on, or others you did not choose.What is man ageme nt?Drucker ' s first point (setting objectives and developing strategies) presulyiab requires qualities J, H, E and A (not n ecessarily in that order). The sec ond point (orga nizing) presumably also requires H, E and J. The third point (motivati on and com muni cati on) embraces F, D, I and probably C. The fourth point (measuri ng performa nee) probably requires H and E. The fifth point (develop ing people) might require H, F, D and J. But all this is clearly ope n to discussi on.1c VocabularyComplete the followi ng senten ces with these words.Achieved; board of directors; com muni cate; inno vati ons; man ageable;performa nee; resources; sett ing; supervise1. managers have to decide how best to allocate the human, physical and capital resourcesavailable to them.2. Managers -- logically -have to make sure that the jobs and tasks given to their subord in atesare manageable.3. There is no point in settingobjectives if you don communicate them to your staff.4. Man agers have to supervise their subord in ates, and to measure, and try to improve, theirperformance.5. Managers have to check whether objectives and targets are being achieved.6. A top manager whose performanee is unsatisfactory can be dismissed by the company' Boardof directors.7. Top managers are responsible for the innovations that will allow a company to adapt to a changing world.1d VocabularyThe text contains a nu mber of com mon verb-noun part nerships (e.g. achieve objectives, deal with crises, and so on).Match up these verbs and nouns to make com mon collocati ons.Allocate resources (or people)Commun icate in formatio n (or decisi ons)Develop strategies (or people or subordi nates)Make decisionsMeasure performanceMotivate peoplePerform jobsSet objectivesSupervise subordinates2 Meet ings‘ One can either work or meet. One cannot do both at the same time. '(Peter Drucker: An In troductory View of Man ageme nt)What do you thi nk Peter Drucker means by this comme nt?Drucker obviously believes that work is largely someth ing that is doneindividually, and that meetings are not ‘ work' , but merely preparation for it, or consolidation after it.2a Reading p18Read the computer journalist Robert X. Cringely ' s description of theman ageme nt style at IBM.Is he positive or negative about IBM ' s working culture?Robert Crin gely ' s history of the pers onal computer in dustry is very in formative,in places very critical, and also very funny. In this extract, he is extremely n egative about IBM, say ing that they put much too much effort into man ageme nt and worry ing about the possibility of making bad decisi ons, and not eno ugh into producing good, competitively-priced products.2b Comprehe nsionExplain in your own words exactly what Robert Cringely means in the following senten ces.1. Every IBM employee ' s ambition is apparently to become a manager. It seems as if the people who work for IBM are more in terested in being regarded as a man ager tha n as a computer desig ner or tech nician2. IBM makes man ageme nt the compa ny ' s sin gle biggest bus in ess.IBM' s corporate culture seems to place more emphasis on man ageme nt tha n on developing and selling the company ' s products.3. IBM executives man age the desig n and writ ing of software.IBM' s managers don ' t actually do the work of designing and writing software themselves, but orga nize and supervise the people who do it.4. IBM products aren ' t often very competitive.IBM products are rarely as good or as dheap as similar products made by their competitors5. The safety net at IBM is so big it is hard to make a bad decision.There is an exte nsive hierarchy and a system of checks and con trols which en sures that bad decisi ons are gen erally avoided (but good decisi ons also take a very long time to make).6. This will be the source of the company ' s ultimate downfall.The slowness of IBM ' s decmiohng process (and the consequent lack ofcompetitive ness of their products) will eve ntually destroy the compa ny.2c Vocabulary p18Find word in the text that mean the same as the words or expressions below.1. seem ingly apparently2. computer programs software3. work, time and energy effort4. computers (and other machines) hardware5. young workers still learning their jobs trainees6. knowledge and skill expertise7. levels or strata layers8. to make certain that something is true verify9. corrected or slightly changed amended10. collapse or failure downfall3 The retail sectorYou will hear part of an in terview with Steve Moody, the man ager of the Marks & Spen cer store in Cambridge, En gla nd.What do you know about Marks & Spen cer?M&S, as many people call them in Brita in sell clothes, household goods and food. They have bran ches all over Brita in, and are expa nding into con ti nen tal Europe.3a Liste ninglisten to part One, in which Steve Moody describes the role and responsibilities of a store man ager. Tapesript Part OneSTEVE MOODY so, as the store man ager in Cambridge, which is probably the fortieth largest of the 280 stores we have got, I am resp on sible for the day-to-day running of the store. All the product is delivered to me in predescribed quantities, and obviously I ' m responsible for displaying that merchandise to its best advantage, obviously I ' m responsible for emplostaf t beactually sell thatmercha ndise, and orga nizing the day-to-day logistics of the operatio n. Much more running stores is about the day-today operation. And ensuring that that safe, and obviously because of the two hun dred people that we would no rmally have working here it ' s ensuring that they are well trained, that they are well motivated, and that the environment they work in is a pleasant one, that they are treated with respect, and that they are committed to the compa nys prin ciples. Which of the following tasks is he responsible for?1. designing the store and its layout2. displaying the merchandise3. employing the sales staff4. ensuring the safety of staff and customers5. establishing the company ' s principles6. getting commitment from the staff7. increasing profits8. maintaining a pleasant working environment9. motivating staff10. organizing the day-to-day logistics11. pricing the merchandise12. running 40 out of 280 stores13. selecting the merchandise14. supervising the day-to-day running of the store15. training staff3b Liste ningListe n to Part Two, and an swer these questi ons.Tapescript Part Two INTERVIEWER How much freedom do those people have within their jobs to make decisi ons themselves? How much delegatio n is there of resp on sibility dow n the cha in? STEVE MOODY We would , as a bus in ess, like to en courage as much acco un tability and delegati on as possible. Of course that does depe nd on the abilities of the individuals, the environment in which you ' re working, and the time of year. With 282 stores we have a corporate appeara nee in the Un itedKingdom' s high streets. It is quite important that when customers come intoMarks & Spencer ' s Cambridge they get the same appearanee and type of looking store and the same level of service that they would expect if they went into Marks & Spencer' s Edinburgh in Scotland, for example, and it ' s very important that we have a corporate stateme nt that customers un dersta nd. So, there are obviously parameters anddiscipli nes that, you know, not only the staff but supervisi on and man ageme nt would follow. With in that, in terms of developme nt and training, trai ning is obviously an inv estme nt for all staff. If staff are trained to do their job well and they un dersta nd it, they will feel con fide nt in what they ' re doing, thaturn will give a better service to the customers, obviously from Marks &Spen cer' s point of view it could well lead to in creased sales.1. Why are Marks & Spencer ' s store managers limited in giving accountabilityto their staff and delegati ng resp on sibilities?Although marks & Spencer ‘ would like to en courage as much acco un tability and delegation aspossible ' , they have a corporate appearanee for all their stores, inall of which customers should get the same level of service. This limits the freedom of in dividual man gers to cha ngdhe stores: there are ‘ parameters anddiscipli nes that not only the staff but supervisi on and man ageme nt would follow2. What do they concen trate on in stead?In stead, they concen trate on staff developme nt and trai ning.3c liste ninglisten to Part Three, and answer the following questions.Tapescript Part ThreeINTERVIEWER Do you have meet ings for members of staff where they can express views about what ' s going on in the store?STEVE MOODY We have a series of meeti ngs, man ageme nt and supervisory every weekwe have something which Marks & Spencer ' s call a focus group,which is members of staff who get together regularly from all areas of the store, so from the foodsecti on and perhaps the men swear secti on, from the office who do the stock and acco unting, and in deed the warehouse where people receive goods. They have meeti ngs, they discuss issues, they discuss problems that they feel are going on in the store. They also discuss suggestions of how they can improve that we run the store, and they discuss that amongst themselves first.They will the n have a meeti ng with members of man ageme nt and obviously myself, and we will discuss those issues and work together to try and provide solutions. However, Marks & Spencer ' s philosophy, I suppose, is that meetingsshould not be substitute for day-to-day com muni cati on and therefore if problems do arise in terms of the operati on, or an in dividual has got a problem in their work ing en vir onment, or in dde their immediate line man ager, or in deed if they have a problem outside, which might be domestic, or with their family, we would like to discuss that as it arises and would like to en courage a policy that they will come and talk to their supervisor or their man ager, to see what we can do to solve the problem.Steve Moody men ti ons two kinds of regular meeti ngs. The first is weekly meet ings for man ageme nt and supervisory staff.1. What is the second kind of meeting called?A focus group.2. Who attends them?Members of staff from all areas of the store (e.g. the food sect ion, the men swear sect ion, the stock and acco unting office, the warehouse, and so).3. What are they designed to achieve?Staff can discuss problems in the store, and make suggesti ons for improveme nts. After this, they will meet with members of man ageme nt to discuss those issues and try to provide solutio ns.4. What kind of problems cannot be dealt with by meet in gs?In dividuals ' problems with their work or their line man ager, or eve n familyproblems5. How are such problems dealt with?In dividuals are en couraged to discuss such problems with their supervisor or man ager.3d Discussi onAfter readi ng and heari ng about man ageme nt, do you think you have the right skills to be a man ager? Would you be able, for example, to set objectives, motivate and coord in ate the staff, and man age a departme nt store, or a computer manu facturer?Some lear ners may decide that they have the n ecessary abilities to become a man ager or eve n a top man ager; others may env isage more specialized careers in a particular function such as marketing, finance, computing, accounting, and so on, which will not invo Ive man agi ng and coord in at ing a large nu mber of people and operatio ns.New words in this unit 02Allocate, ban ker, board of directors, chairma n, competitive, customer, director, distributor, function, hardware, inno vati on, inv estor, logistics, man ageable, man ageme nt, man ager, measure, meeti ng, mercha ndise, motivate, objective, orga ni zati on, pay, performa nee, promoti on ‘resources, software, staff, strategy, subordinate, supervise, supplier, tactics, team, top manager, trainee.Unit 3 Compa ny structureOne of the most importa nt tasks for the man ageme nt of any orga ni zati on employing more than a few people is to determine its organizational structure, and to cha nge this whe n and where n ecessary. This unit contains a text which outl ines the most com mon orga ni zati onal systems and exercise which focuses on the pote ntial con flicts among the differe nt departme nts of a manu facturi ng organization, an example of an organization chart, and a critical look at the flexible orga ni zatio nal structure of an America n computer compa ny.1a Discussi onThis discussion activity follows on naturally from activity 3d in the previous unit, about managing companies or having more limited responsibilities in a particular departme nt.1b Vocabulary1. Aut onom ous: C in depe ndent, able to take decisi ons without con suit ing a higher authority2. Dece ntralizati on: E divid ing an orga ni zati on into decisi on-mak ing un its that are not cen trally con trolled.3. Function: B a specific activity in a compa ny, e.g. product ion, market ing, finance4. Hierarchy: A system of authority with differe nt levels, one above the other.5. Line authority: F the power to give in structio ns to people at the level below in the cha in of comma nd6. Report to: G to be resp on sible to some one and to take in structi ons from him or her7. Subordi nates: D people working under someone else in a hierarchy1c Readi ngThe text summarizes the most com mon ways in which compa nies and other orga ni zati ons are structured, and men ti ons the people usually credited with inven ti ng functional orga ni zati on and dece ntralizati on. It men ti ons the more rece nt developme nt of matrix man ageme nt, and a well-k nown object ion to it. How arte most orga ni zati ons structured?Most compa nies are too large to be orga ni zed as a sin gle hierarchy. The hierarchy is usually divided up. In what way?What are the obvious disadva ntages of functional structure?(Discuss briefly in pairs) give some examples of sta ndard con flicts in compa nies betwee n departme nts with differe nt objectivesAre there any other ways of orga nizing compa nies that might solve these problems?A. Functional structureB. Matrix structureC. Line structureD. Staff structureBritish: pers onnel departme nt = America n: staff departme nt or huma n resources departme nt1d Comprehe nsionThe only adequate summary is the second. The first stresses the disadva ntages of hierarchies much more stron gly tha n the text, and disregards the criticisms of matrix management and decentralization. The third is simply misleading: matrix man ageme nt and teams are desig ned to facilitate com muni catio n among functional departme nts rather tha n among aut onom ous divisi ons.Second summaryMost bus in ess orga ni zati ons have a hierarchy con sist ing of several levels and a clear line of comma nd. There may also be staff positi ons that are not in tegrated into the hierarchy. The orga ni zati on might also be divided in to fun cti onal departme nts, such as product ion, finan ce, marketi ng, sales and pers onn el. Larger organizations are often further divided into autonomous divisions, each with its own functional sect ions. More rece nt orga ni zati onal systems in clude matrix man ageme nt and teams, both of which comb ine people from differe nt functions and keep decisi on-mak ing at lower levels.1e discussi onThe text men ti ons the ofte n in compatible goals of the finan ce, marketi ng and producti on (or operati ons) departme nt. Classify the followi ng strategies accord ing to which departme nts would probably favor them.Producti on man agers: 1.a factory worki ng at full capacity 4.a sta ndard product without optional features ll.machines that give the possibility of making various differe nt products. (1,4 and 11 would logically satisfy producti on man agers, although 11 should also satisfy other departme nts.) Marketi ng man agers: 2.a large advertis ing budget 3.a large sales force earning high commissi on 6.a strong market share for new products 7.ge nerous credit facilities for customers rge inven tories to make sure that products are available (2, 3, 6, 7, 9, would logically be the dema nds of market ing man agers) Finance man agers: 5.a stro ng cash bala nee 8.high profit margi ns 10.low research and developme nt spe nding 12.self-fi nancing (us ing reta ined earnings rather tha n borrowi ng) (5, 8, 10, and 12 would logically keep finance managers happy.)1f Describ ing compa ny structureNow write a description of either the organization chart above, or a company you kno w, in about 100-150 words.Here is a short description of the organization chart illustrated.The Chief Executive Officer reports to the Preside nt and the Board of Directors. The compa ny is divided into five major departme nts: Producti on, Market ing,Finan ce, Research & Developme nt, and Pers onn el. The Marketi ng Departme nt is subdivided into Market Research, Sales, and Advertis ing & Promoti ons. The Finance Departme nt contains both Finan cial Man ageme nt and Acco un ti ng. Sales con sists of two secti ons, the Norther n and Souther n Regi ons, whose heads report to the Sales Man ager, who is acco un table to the Marketi ng Man ager.2a VocabularyMatch up the words on the left with the definitions on the right.1. in dustrial belt: C an area with lots of in dustrial compa ni es, around the edgeof a city2. wealth: F the products of economic activity3. productivity: E the amount of output produced (in a certain period, using acerta in nu mber of in puts)4. corporate ethos: Aa company ' s ways of working and thinking5. collaboration: G working together and sharing ideas6. insulated or isolated: B alone, placed in a position away from others7. fragmentation: D breaking something up into pieces2b Liste ningListen to Jared Diamond, and then answer question 1. Listen a second time to check your an swers, and the n do questi on 2.1 Which of these do the part-se nten ces 1-8 refer to?A Route 128 (the in dustrial belt around Bost on, Massachusetts)B Silic on Valley (the high-tech compa nies in the area betwee n San Fran cisco andSan Jose, California)C IBMD Microsoft1 has lots of compa nies that are secretive, and don ' t com muni cate or collaborate with each other. (A)2 has lots of compa nies that compete with each other but com muni cate ideas and in formati on.(B)3 has always had lots of semi-i ndepe ndent un its compet ing with in the same compa ny, while com muni cat ing with each other. (D)4 is orga ni zed in an unu sual but very effective way (D)5 is curre ntly the cen ter of inno vatio n (B)6 used to have in sulated groups that did not com muni cate with each other (C)7 used to lead the in dustrial world in scie ntific creativity and imag in ati on (A)8 was very successful, the n less successful and is now inno vative aga in because it changed the way it was organized (C)。

新编剑桥商务英语高级答案【篇一：新编剑桥商务英语高级第三版第10.1】p> 10.1 travel and entertainmentvocabulary business travel1do you agree with this view?‘i can see a trend, executives want to save costs on businesstravel ,and connecting people virtually is becoming more affordable.’2study the phrases in the box.what does each one mean?how is it pronounced?commute subsidised transport congestion give a lift to someone rush hour teleconferencingcar share schemetravel expenses3which of these statements do you sympathise with?1 spending two hours each day commuting to and from work really affects people’s quality of life.2 it’s fair that the company should subsidise travel for people who commute a long way to work.learning tip 3 if more people worked flexibly we could avoidcongestion and rush hours.try to use idiomatic 4 i don’t mind giving a colleague a lift to work now andphrases when then but i couldn’t take part in a car share scheme. i expressing opinions: enjoy that hour to myself in the mornings.eg i couldn’t agree5 air travel is too time-consuming.video andmore ;i’d go alongteleconferencing is the only way forward.wi th that;actually,6 it’s the duty of every employee to manage their business that’s not the way itravel expenses as if it were their own money.see it,etc.4discuss the following questions.1 how do you get to work / college each day?2 why do you use this from of transport ?3 do you pay for your own travel?5as the new manager of the support services atsterrman, engineering firm, you have been asked to reduce spending on travel and entertainment .suggest a policy to tackle each of the problems below.current situation1 the company owns and maintains a fleet of 35company cars for the sales team.2 the company pays for business class tickets on bothlong and short flights.3 the use of expensive restaurants to entertain guestsand clients is very common.4 the company spends a lot on hiring outside rooms formeetings and conferences.compare your answers with a partner.listening a team-building day6 a lot of companies use team-building events ,such ascanoeing events,treasure hunts,company role plays,etc.______.but what should their aim be?prioritise(1-7)the following aims.a generally getting to know each other betterb breaking down formal barriers between management and employeesc bringing out the best qualities in each individual d helping people to feel better about themselvese distinguishing leaders from followersf increasing loyalty to the company g helping to remember that there’s more to life than just work 7 is there some other benefit that hasn’t been m entioned above?8 10.1 your company has organised a team-building day at silverstone motor racing circuit. you have been asked to attend a short presentation of the programmefor the day. listen and complete your notes. use up to three words for each space. team-building day the aims 0 the aim is not only to 1 to learn how each individual think,functions and 2 this new understanding will make us_______________. the schedule 3 meet at the office at ___________________. 4 the journey will take ___________________. 5 for the activities we will be divided into_____________. 6 at lunch there will be a surprise _________________. 7 after the afternoon’s activities there will be a ________. preparation 8 dress__________________. 9 in case of cold bring a jumper or___________________.10 no mobile phones, laptops, but can bring ____________.the home of british motor racing9 what do you think the activities at the circuit will be exactly?grammar future forms1 look at the verb forms in these sentences(1-6).whatform is used to express the following about the future? future formsa an offerlearning tipnote the use of thepresent when twoclauses about thefuture are connectedwith when or anothertime phrase.i will see him.i willgive him yourmessage.__when isee him, i’ll give himyour message.b a decision already takenc an arrangementd a schedulee a general predictionf a confident prediction 1 the day will begin with a working breakfast at eight o’clock after which de legates will have 30 minutes of free time before the first seminar at 10 o’clock. 2 we’re not going to have a christmas party this year; instead we are going to give the money we would have spent to a charity. 3 she’s not easy to convince,is she?i can see this is going to be a very long discussion. 4 don’t worry, i’ll take the laptop with me.that’s one less thing for you to remember. 5 i’m meeting him at his office at 6.30 and then we’re eating at a greek restaurant in the city center. 6 i think he’ll find it difficult to adapt to his new role, because he’s used to being independent. 2 you colleague has written this email for an agent in djakarta.before you send it, she has asked you to put verbs she’s not sure about in the most natural form. dea r jimthank you for your email, asking about our plans fornext year. i (0) will do my best to explain the situation.i agree thatthis year has been disappointing,but weexpect that sales(1)________(pick up)next year.the result of our marketing meeting last week is that we (2)__________(launch) the new version of the dct10 in asia next spring. from the feedback we’ve had in europe,i’m sure it (3) _______(be) a great success.the international gas industry trade fair (4)_______(take place) in singapore next march.i (5)______(fly)out there with jane on 16 march and i hope to have a couple of days extra to see some agents, but i (6)_____(call) you when i (7)_______(have) my exact schedule,so that we can arrange to meet.in the meantime,let me know if you(8)_______(visit) theuk any time soon. then we can arrange to meet for a meal and a chat. best wishessarahreadingevents management3 do you think being responsible for organising corporate events, sponsorship,parties and team-building events in a dream job? why?/why not?4 read the article from a business magazine about organisingcorporate events.● choose the best sentence from those below(a-h) to fill each of the gaps in the test.● do not use any letter more than once.● there is an example at the beginning(0)how to manage an eventhow would be an events organiser?on the face of it ,playing‘my genial host’ to a group of freeloading clients doesn’t seem too arduous a task. but the amount of stress experienced in getting ready for it and the real and ever-present danger ofsomething going horribly wrong make it a job only for those with nerves of steel. (0)e the list is endless.corporate hospitality events should be an opportunity to relax with your customers and get away from business,but instead they actually expose a company to close scrutiny by its most valued audience and leave a lasting impression in theirminds .done well ,the client is left with the image of acreative ,fun and professional organisation. (1)______worse still ,you might offend:the company who arranged a james bond theme night that started with a group of international guests being greeted by bikini-clad ‘bond girls’ should have known better.the first consideration is what the aim of the event is :to launch a new product ,to develop awareness of the company’s mission, to build relationships with new clients or just to thank existing ones for their continued custom .(2)_______for the latter you won’t necessarily have to spend excessively to get it right ,but you willhave to think about what will make the event memorable. audience participation is generally a good way to achievethis ,for example giving a theme to the event ,such as a 1970s disco or a hawaiian evening.(3)________ it may also put some under pressure ,making them feel that they will have to dance like john travolta or to rely more on their wallet than their imagination to make their costume.(4)__________an alternative is simply to give them a treat by taking them to a show or sporting event and afterwards for a meal where they can relax and chat .(5)________ the advantage of these is that the clients are more likely to look forward to it and to share the good news with others in the wider world who may also have an interest in the event .(6)________in addition ,anything that goes wrong at the events is likely to reflect badly on the main organiser and not your company.a this will get the participants more involved and help to‘break the ice ’ if peopledon’t know each other well,but be careful.b an example of this would be a golf tournament or a football match.c the first two are more like presentations and will mean putting on a show to impress.d staff parties,on the other hand ,are much less stressful because the consequencesof failure are not so damaging.e a speaker may not turn up ,a piece of vital equipment may fail ,the invitation maygive the wrong date.f done badly ,the company may end up lookingcheesy ,disorganised or even cheap.g the result is good publicity and an enhanced image for the company.h the balance is a difficult one and it all depends on the skill of the organiser in theplanning and publicizing of the event ,so the guests feel at ease.vocabularygo and get1 complete the following sentences using the correct form ofeither go or get.0 there is always a danger that something will go wrong on the day.【篇二：新编剑桥商务英语(高级)第三版3.1】p class=txt>3.1 communication at workvocabularymean of communication1 what does this quotation mean to you?‘think like a wise man but communication in the language of the people.’w.b. yeats, poet (1865-1939)2 delete the verb that does not go with each type of business communication. 0anemailsend /draft /post1a phone calldo/make /receive2a press release put up /issue/put out3an advertising campaign launch/run /make4a presentation give /make/ tell5a meeting or seminarhold /attend /carry out6 a report produce/run/publish7a noticeput out/put up/ display8a memo to all concernedpublish/send out/circulate9information on the internet post/make/put3 for which of the following would you feel most confident using your english? and least confident? discuss with your partner.a presentation a meeting a phone calla reportan email4discuss these quotations with your partner.? have you had good experiences of dealing with companies through callcentres?? do you shop on the internet? why? /whynot?? with which products or services is face-to-face contact helpful? with which isit unnecessary?5 read the five extracts from the magazine management now on page27 andthen match each of the eight statements (1-8) with one of the extracts. you will need to use some of the texts more than one.0 you can gather a lot of customer data with modern computer systems. a1 one future trend will be more direct contact between companies and their customers._____2 business hasn’t really changed, only the media of communication._____3 companies need to think about which channel is most appropriate to their customers ’needs._______4 customers are frequently frustrated by not being put though quickly to the person they need to speak to._____5 there is less human interaction nowadays, but this isn’t necessarily bad for the customer.________management now. april issuebetter communication?natalie fitzgerald asked five people working in the field what they thought.a bill osmond, data analysti think he’s got a good point. powerful it systems give companies enormous amounts of information on customer behavior, but it’s what they can do this data that matters.a good example in recent years was centrica, the british utility company. it acquired a big portfolio of different companies and then spent huge amounts of money on an it system designed to cross-sell its various products and services-financial services, telephone contracts, energy supply and so on _to the customers in its different businesses. but they never managed to do it, because their it people were unable to merge all the customer databases or to make them talk to each otherb sarah bridgestone, former call centre managerabsolutely. call centres can more often act as a barrier than a help. talk the example of a well-known mobile phone operator. when a customer calls, he’s given a list of options to choo se from: dial i for bill enquiries, 2 to upgrade his handset, 3 if he has a technical problem, 4 if he’s thinking of leaving the company. from each of these he’s taken through another list of options. if he still can’t find what he is looking for, he’s inv ited to ‘stay on the line until an operator becomes available’. this can take up to ten minutes, by which time he is now seriously thinking of going back to option 4 and cancelling his contract. it really seems counter-productive.cdoug cook, bank managerthere is no doubt that modern communication channels have depersonalized a lot of customer contact. banks have been doing this for years, trying to commoditise the service that they offer so that they can rationalize it and make it cheaper to deliver most transactions- bank deposits, cash withdrawals, issuing of statements-have been automated whether at a cash machine, over the phone or online. this has saved companies and the customer money. but cost-cutting is by no means theonly driver- it’s a trend a lso driver by customer demand for a quick and flexible service.d farhana patel, online retailerit’s just about convenience. whether i text you a message or tell you the same message face-to-face, it’s still a message. the growth of internet shopping compared to that of high street shopping shows very clearly that customers want cheaper and more accessible services. sellers like the convenience too of course. ebay started out as a market place for individuals but, increasingly, companies have used it to sell products direct to consumers. in face it’s not very different from a traditional market place. there is still a community of buyers and sellers who talk to each other and do business just the same as if they were dealing face-to-face.e brian macwhinney, management consultantbusinesses are often too quick to embrace new technology in order to save money or gain a competitive advantage. but applying the same solution to all types of business is never a good idea. there are cultural factors to consider. using a call centre in india to handle enquiries about train times on railways in europe is a bad idea because it isn’t suited to customers’ expectations. on the other hand, a european customer of a computer company doesn’t really mind if his technical problem is solved by a call centre operator in india or ireland or alaska, because it doesn’t require any cultural knowledge. good communication is about finding the right channel. in time, i expect we’ll see a return to more face-to-face contact with customers and more local services. speaking 1 which of the following do you find useful? when do you use it? why?mobile phone email sms msnblackberry2 decide the best ways to communication the following messages.first letter has been written for you).0to answer somebody, you give a reply.1to ask for something, you make a r_____.2to help someone remember, you give them a r_____.3 to suggest or recommend something, you make a p_____.4 to say something publicly, you make an a______.5 to say sorry you make an a______.6to insist that someone does something, you make a d_____.grammargrammar tipoften verbs that express a similar notion will take the same form, eg dissuade discourage, deter are all followed by someone from doing.this can also be the case with opposite notions, eg agree and refuse +to do. i discouraged him from applying for the job.i dissuaded him from applying for the job.verb patternsin the email below, all the forms following the communication verbs (discuss, apologise etc) are underlined. some are incorrect. correct them.dear jimfor givingfor givingup your time to help us.it’s very kind of you to agree (1) working with us on this project-i know you are very busy. when we last met, we discussed (2) a special team to deal with complaints from customers. i have since had a meeting with sarah, the head of thewe need a better system for dealing with complaints.last week, a customer rang to complain (7) to wait one month for interest on it before delivering the product. the sales person who answered the call offered him a discount, without even checking the history of the order. when i checked, i discovered an email from us in forming the customer when he thought the product (10) a one-month delay in delivery. the salesman was very defensive and said that he couldn’t be criticized (11)keep the customer happy!so you see, we’ve got a lot of work to do. looking forward to hearing from you. best wisheskaren 5put the words below into their correct place in the table.urgethreaten proposeundertakepraise blamerecommenddeny convince6 complete these sentences.0they threaten to take us to court if we didn’t pay them immediately.1it’s a very sensitive issue. i suggest __________ an anonymous email.2once, in a restaurant, i complained ___________ and the manager told us to leave. 3what a waste of time! we spent three hours discussing___________.4the company offered__________, but amazingly she refused.5i’ve promised ___________ by tomorrow morning.6 i can’t believe you had to remind him ____________. that’s his job.【篇三：新编剑桥商务英语(初级)学生用书_答案_module_1.1-5.3】ing and workshopsp6what does your job involve? p7the present simplep8module 1.2personal and professional details meeting peoplep10job and work p12module 1.3bec preliminary exam p14p15 reading test。

新版剑桥商务英语高级第三版课后答案unit31、With all the work on hand, he _____ to the cinema last night. [单选题] *A.should goB.must have goneC.might goD..shouldn’t have gone(正确答案)2、My brother is _______ actor. He works very hard. [单选题] *A. aB. an(正确答案)C. theD. one3、His mother’s _______ was a great blow to him. [单选题] *A. diedB. deadC. death(正确答案)D. die4、The work will be finished _______ this month. [单选题] *A. at the endB. in the endC. by the endD. at the end of(正确答案)5、There _______ no water or milk in the fridge. [单选题] *A. is(正确答案)B. areC. hasD. have6、This year our school is _____ than it was last year. [单选题] *A. much more beautiful(正确答案)B. much beautifulC. the most beautifulD. beautiful7、74．No person （）carry a mobile phone into the examination room during the national college Entrance Examinations．[单选题] *A.shall(正确答案)B.mustC.canD.need8、______ pocket money did you get when you were a child? （）[单选题] *A. WhatB. HowC. How manyD. How much(正确答案)9、—Could you take out the rubbish, Jim?—______. I have too much homework to do. You can ask Sally to do it. （）[单选题] *A. Sorry, I can’t(正确答案)B. No problemC. I disagreeD. No, thanks10、I repeated my question several times. [单选题] *A. 到达B. 惊奇C. 重复(正确答案)D. 返回11、73．（）about the man wearing sunglasses during night that he was determined to follow him．[单选题] *A. So curious the detective wasB.So curious was the detective(正确答案)C.How curious was the detectiveD.How curious the detective was12、What _______ would you like, sir? [单选题] *A. otherB. else(正确答案)C. othersD. another13、48．—________ is your new skirt, Lingling?—Black. [单选题] *A．HowB．What colour(正确答案)C．WhichD．Why14、I do not have my own room,_____. [单选题] *A. neither does Tom(正确答案)B. neither has TomC. so does TomD. so has Tom15、Ships can carry more goods than _____ means of transport. [单选题] *A. the otherB. anotherC. any other(正确答案)D. any16、( ). The old man enjoys ______ stamps. And now he has1300 of them [单选题] *A. collectB. collectedC. collecting(正确答案)D. to collect17、She often _______ at 21: [单选题] *A. go to bedB. gets upC. goes to bed(正确答案)D. gets to18、63．There will be? ? ? ? ??? water on the road after the heavy rain. [单选题] *A．too much(正确答案)B．much tooC．too manyD．many too19、Will you be able to finish your homework _______? [单选题] *A. by the timeB. in time(正确答案)C. once upon a timeD. out of time20、I should like to rent a house which is modern, comfortable and _____, in a quiet neighborhood. [单选题] *A.in allB. after allC. above all(正确答案)D. over all21、You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of（）. [单选题] *A. dateB. shape(正确答案)C. orderD. balance22、Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _______. [单选题] *A. takes offB. is taking off(正确答案)C. has taken offD. took off23、Before you quit your job, （）how your family will feel about your decision. [单选题] *A. consider(正确答案)B. consideringC. to considerD. considered24、We were caught in a traffic jam. By the time we arrived at the airport the plane _____. [单选题] *A. will take offB. would take offC. has taken offD. had taken off(正确答案)25、79．On a ________ day you can see the city from here. [单选题] *A．warmB．busyC．shortD．clear(正确答案)26、My daughter is neither slim nor fat and she’d like a _______ skirt. [单选题] *A. largeB. medium(正确答案)C. smallD. mini27、You can _______ Bus 116 to get there. [单选题] *A. byB. take(正确答案)C. onD. in28、87．—Could you? ? ? ? ? ? me the way to the nearest hospital?—Sure. [单选题] * A．askB．tell(正确答案)C．talkD．speak29、He often comes to work early and he is _______ late for work. [单选题] *A. usuallyB. never(正确答案)C. oftenD. sometimes30、The children ______ visiting the museum. [单选题] *A. look overB. look forward to(正确答案)C. look forD. look after。

Managerial qualities1What does this quotation mean?‘A bad manager confuses activity with performance.’Anon2Read this story that was widely circulated on the Internet a few years ago. What does it say about managers that made it so popular?A man in a hot air balloon realised he was lost. He reduced altitude and spotted a woman below. He descended a bit more and shouted, ‘Excuse me, can you help me? I promised a friend I would meet him an hour ago but I don’t know where I am.’The woman below replied, ‘Yo u are in a hot air balloon hovering approximately 30 feet above the ground. You are between 40 and 41 degrees north latitude and between 59 and 60 degrees west longitude.’‘You must be an engineer,’ said the balloonist.‘I am,’ replied the woman. ‘How did you know?’‘Well,’ answered the balloonist, ‘everything you told me is technically correct, but I still have no idea what to make of your information, and the fact is I am still lost. Frankly, you haven’t been much help so far.’The woman below respond ed, ‘You must be in management.’‘I am,’ replied the balloonist, ‘but how did you know?’‘Well,’ side the woman, ‘you don’t know where you are or where you are going. You have risen to where you are due to a large quantity of hot air. You made a promise, Which you have no idea how to keep, and you expect people beneath you to solve your problems. The fact is you are in exactly the same position you were in before we met, But now, somehow, it’s my fault.’3Number the six most important (1-6) qualities for a manager to possess.A good manager is someone who can…A delegate responsibility ______B plan effectively ______C motivate their staff to perform ______D handle people sensitively ______E organise work efficiently ______F recognise and reward good performance ______G take tough decisions ______H lead by example ______I inspire confidence and respect ______J communicate their vision and ideas ______K co-operate with other parts of the organisation ______L be creative and have innovative ideas _____4Discuss your choices with your partner. What are the consequences for the team and the manager if these qualities are absent?5Look at the list in exercise 3 on page 66 and say what are the key qualities for a leader to possess.Are these differen t from a manager’s qualities?Is there another leadership quality you would add to the list?Strengths and weaknesses6You will hear five employees describing the strengths and weaknesses of their managers.The first time you listen, identify the weakness of each manager.The second you listen, identify the strength of each manager.TASK ONE – WEAKNESS1________ A is very disorganized2________ B does not co-operate with other departments3________ C does not delegate enough4________ D is not good at communicating5________ E does not have clear objectivesF cannot make quick decisionsG is rather insensitiveH is not especially cleverTASK TOW – STRENGTH6_________ A is a natural communicator7_________ B challenges his staff to achieve more8_________ C is intelligent9_________ D fits in well in the organization10_________ E has very good people skillsF leads by exampleG gives praise and recognition to the teamH organises work efficiently7What do you think these phrases from the listening mean?1 He’s not afraid to get his hands dirty.2 He’s a bit of a control freak.3 He spreads himself very thin.4 He often puts you on the spot.5 He doesn’t take on board what you’re saying.6 She’s difficult to get on with.7 She doesn’t have the company’s interests at heart.Idioms: management problems1What do you think each of these idioms means?1 can’t see the wood for the trees2 doesn’t want to lose face3 have tunnel vision4 bite off more than you can chew5 too many chiefs, not enough Indians6 cut corners7 throw money at the problem8 open a can of worms9 be a yes-man2 Study each of the cases below. Which idiom best fits each case?0 He had no experience of negotiating. All the same, he volunteered to discuss asettlement to the four-week-old strike with a union leader who had been in the business for 40 years.He bit off more than he could chew.1 Asked to find out customer satisfaction rates, the managers at one call centre researched and produced all sorts of data: agent productivity rates, answer delay times, average call times, percentage of problems solved first time, etc.2 A large electricity supplier is setting up a new customer billing IT manager’s staff, a software designer, a company in change of implementing the software and a team of software consultants. After six months very little progress has been made.3 One of the directors of a bank decides to get tough on people using work phones to make personal calls. This causes a lot of resentment among staff and accusations that managers are just as guilty of this kind of thing as regular staff.4 Under pressure to reduce costs, a ferry company decided that they could maximize the time their ships were at sea if more safety checks were done while the ships were sailing rather than in the dock.5 A sales manager had to present her plan for more accurate sales forecasting to the executive board. Two days before her presentation she showed it to a colleague who told her that it had fundamental mistakes in it. So the day before the presentation, she called in sick and asked if the presentation could be postponed toa later data.6 The government has responded to a lack of hospital beds by building a state of the art, fully-equipped new extension to a city’s hospital. Unfortunately, there are not enough trained staff to man it.3 What should they have done in each case?Expressing purpose4 Read the text from the letters page of Working Life magazine and say which of these stress-relieving things you regularly do.I WAS GETTING REALLY STRESSED and not working efficiently. So I decided to make some simple changes in my working routine. I’d strongly recommend anyone who feels as I did to take time out to think about what they can do to take the stress out of their lives –it’s not as difficult as it seems! Here’s what I did:1 made (modest) lists of what I needed to do each day so that I wouldn’t spend my day worrying about what I hadn’t done yet.2 made time for myself to get exercise during the day in order to feel fresher and more able to concentrate when I sat at my desk.3 learnt to say ‘no’ to people to avoid taking on more work than I could reasonablyhandle.4 spent the first ten minutes of each day in the office reading the news over a coffee just to relax and get my mind working.5 took time out to stop and chat to colleagues to prevent frustration with a particular task from building up. A good laugh is a great tonic.5 took time out to stop and chat to colleagues to prevent frustration with a particular task from building up. A good laugh is a great tonic.5 Look at the list of actions again and underline the phrases that explain the purpose of each action.1 made (modest!) lists of what I needed to do each day so that I wouldn’t spend my day worrying.6 Make three more sentences describing an action to relieve stress. Explain the precise purpose of each action.7 The CEO of an international clothes retail group felt that this senior managers were not performing as they should. Their skills didn’t seem to match the requirements of the business and many seemed to be out of touch with day-to-day operations. So, he devised a seven-point strategy to address the problem.• Study the measures. What is the purpose of each measure?• Write a sentence explaining the purpose of each one, using thePhrases from exercise 4.1 They need to undergo an assessment in order to find out where they real strengths and weaknesses are.From 1 January next year all senior managers will:1 undergo an assessment of their skills by an external managementconsultant.2 be set clear, concrete and practical targets for the year.3 spend at least one day per month working at a high street retail store.4 spend at least three months every three in an overseas subsidiary.5 participate in team-building activities once a year with their team.6 devote at least six hours per month to foreign language training.7 follow at least one course per year in communications skills (managing meetings, negotiating, etc).Management consultants1 What do you think of management consultants? Do they have a good orBad reputation in your country (or company)?2 Read the letter from a management consultant defending his profession.Choose the best word (A, B, C or D) to fill each gap.Dear EditorYour article on 5 September ‘ Consultants - who needs them?’ gives a very one-sided view of our profession.We consultant are often criticised for using management buzzwords to sell our services. The critics ‘(1)____ is that we dress up an will (2)____ their business. So when we encourage companies to ‘analyse their value chain’, we are saying nothingmore tha n ‘see which part of the business is most profitable’. When we (3)____ them to ‘empower their employee’, we are just saying (4)____ them to do a good job. The terms we use, the critics say, is just jargon for things that all businesses know they have to do anyway.We’re also accused (5)____ hypocrisy. The classic example of this is when during the 1990s consultancy firms told companies to concentrate on their core competencies and outsource non-essential activities to contractors who could do a better and cheaper job. But, the critics scream, you (6)____ a lot of the early 1980s telling companies to diversify and get involved in new businesses.Maybe we are sometimes guilty of following the (7)____ trends in management, but I have one (8)____ simple answer for the critics. Knowing the need for these management concepts and practices is one thing; actually using them and (9)____ them is another. Our job is to remind businesses to do the things they ought to be doing. That is the role of consultants and it’s a very (10)____ role. We’re not saying managers are stupid, but just that it’s human nature sometimes to ignore the obvious. John Birdman(Partner - Salix Associates)1 A theme B argument C speech D debate2 A transform B modify C transfigure D reverse3 A explain B say C force D urge4 A entrust B believe C trust D involve5 A by B of C on D with6 A lasted B took C passed D spent7 A last B latest C freshest D least8 A absolutely B completely C very D utterly9 A implementing B effecting C realising D installing10 A hopeful B thoughtful C useful D carefulDo you agree with him?Word order: adverbs3 Study these basic rules of word order in English.Word order: adverbs1 Don’t separate a verb from its direct object.He left early the party early.2 Adverbs generally go after the main verb.She drove carefully.3 Adverbs of frequency (often, always, etc) and qualifiers (really,absolutely, etc) go before the main verb.They always bring a gift of some kind.I really like him.4 With be, adverbs of frequency go after the verb.He is always in meetings when I call.5 Phrases expressing time (in the morning, three days ago, last year, etc)can go at the beginning or the end of a sentence.Last year I didn’t have a summer holiday.I didn’t have a summer holiday last year.6 We usually put place before time.I’ve lived in Oxford for ten years.4 Put the word / phrase in brackets into the correct place in each sentence.0 I didn’t arrive at his house. (until after 8 o’clock)I didn’t arrive at his house until after 8 o’clock.1 Don’t worry. I can catch the bus. (easily)2 I intended to stay in this job for so long. (never)3 She goes back to her house each weekend. (in the country)4 I like Cate Blanchett’s films. (a lot)5 All my troubles seemed so far away. (yesterday)6 It will take a long time to get an answer from them. (probably)7 He fell in love with Los Angeles the day he arrived. (hopelessly)8 She was amazed at the progress we had made. (absolutely)9 It is quite difficult to persuade someone to buy on the spot. (often)10 They attended the conference in London. (Last week)5 Correct the word order in these statements about management.0 I try usually to delegate responsibility to my team.I usually try to delegate responsibility to my team.1 She handles very sensitively the problems.2 She reads in the morning all her emails on the train to work.3 In his office he holds a team meeting every Monday.4 She leads always by example.5 Her staff very much like her.。