2020最新高考英语名词和冠词

三年（2018-2020）年高考真题分项汇编专题 01冠词、名词、一、2020年高考真题1.（2020·新课标 I 卷语法填空）The far side of the moon is of particular (interesting) to scientists becauseit has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more sothe familiar near side. 2.（2020·新课标 I 卷短文改错）Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick. 64653.（2020·新课标 II 卷语法填空）Chinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter seasonand the beginning of spring.4.（2020·新课标 II 卷短文改错）Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations.5.（2020·江苏卷单项填空）The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable ______.A. reservationB. transformationC. distinctionD. submission 二、2019年高考真题1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】26.Nowadays the ___________ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.A. priorityB. potentialC. proportionD. pension2.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】7.We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) ___________on our lives in many ways.A. statementC. impression B. impactD. judgment3.【2019·新课标I 卷·语法填空】Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining six are (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.5.【2019·新课标 II 卷·短文改错】Since I was a kid, I’ve considered different job I would like to do. First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly. Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much. …6.【2019·浙江卷·语法填空】Everybody wears___57___ same style of clothes.三、2018年高考真题1.【2018·天津】6. The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientiststo explore the outer space.A. adviceB. orderC. possibilityD. invitation2.【2018·江苏】32. Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ you’ve made.A. assignmentC. acquisition B. associationD. assumption3.【2018·新课标卷 I ·语法填空】Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that/which from all showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths(cause). 674.【2018·新课标卷 I ·短文改错】During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.5.【2018·新课标卷 II ·语法填空】Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ___62___ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.6.【2018·新课标卷 III ·语法填空】 Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ____62____ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears.7.【2018·新课标卷 III ·语法填空】My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a ___66___(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.8.【2018·浙江卷·语法填空】Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 56 (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.8.【2018·浙江卷·语法填空】F Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in 64 (weigh) problems.1.【2017·新课标卷 I ·语法填空】 As 65result, people will eat more food to try to make up for thatsomething missing. 2.【2017·新课标卷 II ·语法填空】It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and fromwork.2.【2017·新课标卷 II ·语法填空】This included digging up the road, laying (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 61 64 top.。

专题一名词和冠词常考点掌握名词的可数和不可数性、可数名词的复数、名词作定语以及名词的所有格形式的用法。

特别注意名词词义辨析和名词固定短语的运用。

近些年考查名词的题目，在设问方面更趋精细化。

冠词主要考查牢固的基础知识和灵活使用冠词的能力。

冠词的用法复杂，要弄清句子中的单数名词、复数名词或不可数名词的泛指、特指、类指、专指的概念。

做题时，首先要搞清名词是单数还是复数，是特指还是泛指，注意复数名词、不可数名词表示泛指不用任何冠词，单数名词前要加不定冠词。

名词1名词的数1. 单数名词变为复数名词常考点：①以－o结尾的名词变为复数时，常在词尾加－s，但是下列以－o结尾的名词要加－es：hero，tomato，potato，Negro(黑人)。

②以－f或－fe结尾的名词变为复数时，一般直接加－s，但下列以－f或－fe结尾的名词变为复数时，需把f或fe去掉，加－ves：half，－self，wife，life，knife，shelf，wolf，thief，leaf，loaf。

③合成名词构成复数时，通常只将里面所含的主体名词变为复数，如果没有主体名词，则将最后一部分变为复数。

如：passers－by，go－betweens，lookers－on，mothers－in－law。

2. 下列名词通常作不可数名词：fun，advice，progress，information，equipment，luggage，weather，furniture等。

3. 有些名词的复数形式可表示特别的意义。

如：waters(水域)，sands(沙滩)，manners(礼貌)，times(时代)，spirits(情绪；烈酒)，contents(目录)，customs(海关)，lines(台词)，arms(武器)，looks(容貌)。

4. 单复数同形的名词。

如： Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer，series，means，works。

专题01冠词易错点解题方法英语中冠词有3个，即a, an; the.前两个是不定冠词，后一个是定冠词，冠词虽小，但用法灵活多变，但万变不离其中，只要是单数可数名词第一次出现，其前就加a/an,名词第一个音标是辅音就用a,第一个音标是元音就用an;同一个名词再次出现或要特指其前就用the。

如:He is a boy of eighteen and he has an English girlfriend. The girlfriend comes from Britain. She likes the boy,s family very much.实际上，语言是活的，日常应用中变化多端，现就用高考常出现的一些陷阱例句来展示其用法：1.“Do you know English fOr ‘ 帅哥'？" 'Tm afraid I don,t. I'm not interested inEnglish language.”A. the, theB. the,不填C.不填,theD.不填，不填【答案】A【解析】容易误选D，因为表示语言的名词前通常不用冠词。

在英语中，表示语言的名词前通常不用冠词，但在某些特殊情况下可用冠词。

如：(1)当语言名词表特指意义，简单说当有修饰语加以修饰限定时，其前要用定冠词。

如：The English spoken in America and Canada is a little different from that spoken in England, 美国和加拿大讲的英语与英国讲的英语有点不同。

(2)当语言名词表示某一语言中的对应词时，其前要用定冠词。

What,s the English fo r this?这个东西用英语怎么说？(3)当在语言名词后加上language 一词时，也要用冠词。

如：There have been many changes in the history of the English language.英语发展过程中有很多变革。

英语2020高考考点一遍过——冠词小简老师说：冠词是历年高考的必考点，常出现在语篇型语法填空和短文改错中。

但从整套试题来看，在短文改错、书面表达、阅读理解等题型中对冠词的隐性考查可谓无处不在。

在日常交际中，几乎每说一句话、每写一篇日记、每读一篇文章都会涉及冠词的运用。

故不论高考的考查形式如何变化，冠词仍应是高考复习的重点。

预计2020年的高考仍然会以考查冠词在具体语境中的正确使用为主，以语篇型语法填空和短文改错的形式出现，它可能把冠词的各种用法结合名词一起进行考查。

复习冠词须把握好以下三个原则：1.单数可数名词用不定冠词a/an表示泛指；2.复数可数名词及不可数名词表示泛指时，其前不加冠词；3.无论可数名词还是不可数名词，表示特指时，其前都要加定冠词the。

01考向一不定冠词1.不定冠词有a和an 两种形式。

a用在以辅音音素开头的名词前，an用在以元音音素开头的词前。

In a university，a European and a one-eyed man walked along a one-way road with a useful tool. This is a usual thing.在一所大学里，一个欧洲人和一个一只眼的人拿着一件有用的工具沿着一条单行道走着。

这是一件平常之事。

An hour ago，an honest man accepted an unusual gift and went to finish an honorable task.一小时前，一个诚实的人接受了一件非同寻常的礼物，去完成一项光荣的任务。

2.不定冠词a/an用在单数可数名词前表示泛指，泛指某一人或某一物。

The ＂Chinese Dream＂is a dream to improve people’s well-being and a dream of harmony，peace and development.＂中国梦＂是一个改善民生的梦，是一个和谐、和平和发展的梦。

语法基础是高考江苏卷的重要考查内容，主要通过单项填空题来考查。

单项填空是高考江苏卷的重要题型，重点考查基础语法运用、词汇辨析、交际用语及习语。

本书进行系统化复习，词汇与语法并重；加强训练，提高理解应用能力；讲练环环相扣，帮助考生高效备考，轻松增分！第一讲　名词和冠词[学生用书P2]命题者说|Ｋ) 单项填空对名词的考查主要包括名词的辨析、单复数、名词的固定搭配、名词的格、名词在特殊语境中的应用、名词的熟词生义等。

冠词在近几年高考中未考查，但对冠词的基本用法也应掌握。

[学生用书P2]　名词词义辨析(Ⅰ) 示之以范____________________________________原则这样运用1．(2019·江苏卷)Nowadays the ________ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.A．priority B．potentialC．proportion D．pensionA　解析：考查名词辨析。

句意：现在旅游的优先事项从购物转移到了食物和风景。

priority“优先事项，首要事情”；potential“可能性”；proportion“比例”；pension“养老金”。

2．(2018·江苏卷)Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the________ you’ve made.A．assignment B．associationC．acquisition D．assumptionD　解析：考查名词辨析。

根据句中的actually可知选择assumption，表示“要努力弄懂事实上正在发生的事情而不是把你的行为建立在假设之上”。

assignment“任务，作业”；association“协会，团体，联系，联想”；acquisition“获得，习得”。

专题十名词、代词和冠词破考点【网络清单】名词分类普通名词可数名词个体名词等集体名词等不可数名词物质名词等抽象名词等专有名词等单数名词变复数名词的常用规则名词所有格有生命的人或物的所有格表示时间、自然现象、度量衡、金额、国家或城市的名词的所有格所有格的构成规则一般用于表示无生命的东西的所有格双重所有格表示其中之一或其中一部分突出局部名词句法功能作主语作宾语作表语作定语作补语名词构词法构成名词的后缀代词人称代词主格在句中作主语宾格在句中作宾语、表语物主代词形容词性物主代词在名词前作定语名词性物主代词相当于形容词性物主代词名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语反身代词形式用法宾语、表语、同位语含有反身代词的习惯用语亲自自动地独自享用独立地请坐。

玩得高兴。

指示代词作主语、宾语、表语、定语相互代词作宾语疑问代词和的区别用来询问职业用来询问身份的习惯用法不定代词替代词含复合不定代词的习惯用语等全部肯定全部否定和部分否定的用法连接代词详见名词性从句关系代词详见定语从句冠词冠词的泛指、特指不定冠词的用法不定冠词的基本用法不定冠词的习惯用法定冠词的用法定冠词的基本用法定冠词的习惯用法零冠词的用法零冠词的基本用法零冠词的习惯用法冠词的活用抽象、物质名词的具体化惊奇一件意外的事成功一个件成功的人或事雨一场大雨具体名词的抽象化去一所学校去上学在桌旁在吃饭纯专有名词的普通化他是一个活雷锋。

一个叫史密斯的先生正在外面等你。

世界上独一无二的事物的名词前冠词的活用月亮围着地球转。

一轮新月悬挂在天空中。

形容词比较级前冠词的活用两者中较的更的前冠词的活用它是最有用的字典。

表示三者或三者以上中最的它是一本非常有用的字典。

序数词前冠词的活用这是他第二次参观这个城市。

表示次序你能再给我一次机会吗又一再一乐器名词前冠词的活用西洋乐器前加西洋乐器被当作普通名词使用时可与不定冠词连用中国乐器前不加冠词前的冠词活用作单词话讲为普通名词根据需要与相应的不定冠词连用作消息信息讲与零冠词连用作男人人讲为普通名词根据需要与相应的不定冠词连用作人类讲需与零冠词连用【考点集训】考点一名词1.(2018江苏扬州、南通、徐州等市三模,21)Elizabeth shows great in her choice of friends,so she has a lot of trustworthy companions.prehensionB.discriminationC.determinationD.consideration答案B2.(2018江苏南京一模,3)—Father always instructs me to do kind acts and bring more joy into the world around us.—That s great.Small can often create huge blessings.A.gesturesB.impactsC.schemesD.concepts答案A3.(2018江苏姜堰、溧阳、前黄中学联考,24)China s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, whose positioning will reach2.5metres by2020,will soon provide services to more countries.A.accuracyB.categoryC.functionD.reference答案A4.(2017江苏南京三模,22)For the final of our journey,we decided to take the coach.A.legB.roundC.distanceD.path答案A5.As long as you have a clear in study and work hard for it,you will achieve it.A.targetB.functionC.powerD.environment答案A6.Every school into the competition will have a chance to win$2,000of computing equipment.A.priceB.worthC.valueD.cost答案B7.Lily asked me to make a if I was serious about our relationship.A.cooperationmitmentprehensionpromise答案B8.—Simon will listen to music every time he comes across a maths problem.—You know,music is the source of in life.A.inspirationB.identificationC.reactionD.recreation答案A9.You d better neglect some negative on what you do if you desire to go further on your way.A.conclusionB.debatementD.evidence答案C10.Success comes to those who are willing to risk making mistakes in the of their goals and ambitions,and who are able to learn from those mistakes.A.pursuitB.preferenceC.procedureD.progress答案A11.The CCTV show Chinese Characters Dictation Competition has taken the country by storm,which is partly designed to arouse people s for the Chinese language.A.responseB.enthusiasmC.significanceD.consequence答案B考点二代词1.(2018江苏南京、盐城二模,24)—Matteo s new album Panama has turned out to be a hit.—Oh,he is really of a lucky dog.A.nothingB.anythingC.everythingD.something答案D2.(2018江苏南京三模,24)We come from different cultures,and carry with different histories.A.itB.thatD.them答案C3.(2018江苏苏锡常镇四市二模,21)—What do you think of Steven Hawking?—Well,despite his disabled body,he was a man of scientific talent,worthy of admiration.A.oneB.whoC.thatD.this答案A4.(2018北京海淀区一模,1)The course is designed to help students learn to show respect for.A.othersB.bothC.thoseD.either答案A5.(2018江苏苏北四市一调,30)During the Singles Day in2017,the sales of Chinese e-commerce giants such as Alibaba outnumbered of Black Friday and Cyber Monday in the US.A.thatB.thoseC.thisD.it答案B6.People expect Shanghai Disneyland Park to offer better service than of Tokyo s.A.thisB.itC.oneD.that答案D考点三冠词1.Don t take it seriously,Alice.I wasn t making fun of you—it s nothing but joke.A./;theB.the;theC.the;aD./;a答案D2.I strongly hold view that measures should be taken to stop Chinese tourists behaving badly in public places.A.a;theB.the;theC.the;/D.a;/答案C3.One of most common illnesses in our society is time sickness,sense of time pressure and hurry that causes anxiety and nervousness.A./;aB./;theC.the;aD.the;the答案C4.As consequence of all his hard training,Paul was able to take lead in the race.A.the;aB.a;theC./;/D.a;a答案B5.Many language experts think that the best way to learn a language is to spend time in country where language is spoken.A.a;theB.the;/C.the;aD./;the答案A过专题【五年高考】A组自主命题·天津卷题组考点一名词1.(2018天津夏,6)The that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.A.adviceB.orderC.possibilityD.invitation答案C2.(2018天津春,9)Can we stop the of the world s deserts and save the land that man depends so much on?A.lossB.heatC.spreadD.defence答案C3.(2017天津春,7)The newspaper gave an accurate of what happened the night before last.A.exampleB.displayC.signalD.account答案D4.(2016天津,10)The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight of rain later tonight.A.effectB.senseC.changeD.chance答案D5.(2014天津,3)Wind is now the world s fastest growing of power.A.sourceB.senseC.resultD.root答案A考点二代词1.(2018天津春,2)Professional skills are tools like a knife or a hammer.You need to complete the things you want to do.A.itB.thatC.themD.ones答案C2.(2015天津,2)The quality of education in this small school is better than in some larger schools.A.thatB.oneC.itD.this答案A考点三冠词(2014天津,8)Life is like ocean:Only strong-willed can reach the othershore.A.an;theB.the;aC.the;/D./;a答案AB组统一命题、省(区、市)卷题组考点一名词1.(2018江苏,32)Try to understand what s actually happening instead of acting on the you ve made.A.assignmentB.associationC.acquisitionD.assumption答案D2.(2016浙江,4)It is important to pay your electricity bill on time,as late payments may affect your.A.conditionB.incomeC.creditD.status答案C3.(2016江苏,24)—Can you tell us your for happiness and a long life?—Living every day to the full,definitely.A.recipeB.recordC.rangeD.receipt答案A4.(2015浙江,15)One of the most effective ways to reduce is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.A.productionB.stressC.energyD.power答案B5.(2015江苏,32)Some schools will have to make in agreement with the national soccer reform.A.judgmentsB.adjustmentsmentsD.achievements答案B6.(2015江苏,35)—Go and say sorry to your Mom,Dave.—I d like to,but I m afraid she won t be happy with my.A.requestsB.excusesC.apologiesD.regrets答案C7.(2015湖北,22)He gave himself a new name to hide his when he went to carry out the secret task.A.emotionB.talentC.identityD.treasure答案C8.(2015安徽,30)There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it some and then let me know.A.thoughtB.supportC.protectionD.authority答案A9.(2015福建,24)The failure was a big to him,but he wasn t discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.A.blowB.issueC.excuseD.factor答案A10.(2014湖北,21)Her for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.A.talentB.motivationC.qualificationD.technique答案B11.(2014湖北,22)When Richard said,You are much more agreeable and prettier now,Joan s face turned red at the unexpected.A.contributionplimentparisonmand答案B12.(2014安徽,29)—Why not buy a second-hand car first if you don t have enough money for a new one?—That s a good.A.sayingB.questionC.suggestionD.account答案C13.(2014江苏,27)She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful in last year s election.A.symbolB.portraitC.identityD.statue答案A14.(2014浙江,6)We most prefer to say yes to the of someone we know and like.A.attemptsB.requestsC.doubtsD.promises答案B15.(2014福建,26)—Could you tell me the of making such tasty cakes?—Well,I just follow the directions in the cookbook.A.featureB.planC.costD.trick答案D考点二代词1.(2016浙江,3)In many ways,the education system in the US is not very different from in the UK.A.thatB.thisC.oneD.it答案A2.(2015浙江,12)How would you like if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?A.themB.oneC.thoseD.it答案D3.(2015重庆,2)The meeting will be held in September,but knows the date for sure.A.everybodyB.nobodyC.anybodyD.somebody答案B4.(2015福建,21)The research group produced two reports based on the survey,but contained any useful suggestions.A.allB.noneC.eitherD.neither答案D5.(2015四川,10)Niki is always full of ideas,but is useful to my knowledge.A.nothingB.no oneC.neitherD.none答案D6.(2015陕西,13)To warm himself,the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against.A.anotherB.the otherC.otherD.either答案B7.(2014重庆,1)A smile costs,but gives much.A.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everything答案C8.(2014四川,1)She d lived in London and Manchester,but she liked and moved to Cambridge.A.bothB.neitherC.noneD.either答案B9.(2014江西,32)—When shall I call,in the morning or afternoon?—.I ll be in all day.A.AnyB.NoneC.NeitherD.Either答案D10.(2014安徽,24)You can ask anyone for help.here is willing to lend you a hand.A.OneB.No oneC.EveryoneD.Someone答案C11.(2014福建,21)In some countries,people eat with chopsticks,while in,knives and forks.A.anotherB.othersC.bothD.all答案B12.(2014江苏,34)Good families are much to all their members,but to none.A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing答案C13.(2014陕西,21)I d appreciate if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.A.itB.youC.oneD.this答案A14.(2014山东,4)Susan made clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.A.thatB.thisC.itD.her答案C15.(2014浙江,3)An average of just18.75cm of rain fell last year,making the driest year since California became a state in1850.A.eachB.itC.thisD.one答案B16.(2014大纲全国,25)—Who s that at the door?—is the milkman.A.HeB.ItC.ThisD.That答案B考点三冠词1.(2016浙江,2)prize for the winner of the competition is two-week holiday in Paris.A.The;不填B.A;不填C.A;theD.The;a答案D2.(2015重庆,3)I just heard bank where Dora works was robbed by gunman wearing a mask.A.the;/B.a;/C.the;aD.a;the答案C3.(2015浙江,2)Jane s grandmother had wanted to write children s book for many years,but one thing or another always got in way.A.a;不填B.the;theC.不填;theD.a;the答案D4.(2014重庆,6)I can t tell you way to the Wilsons because we don t have Wilson here in the village.A.the;aB.a;/C.a;theD.the;/答案A5.(2014浙江,2)The paper is due next month,and I am working seven days week,often long into night.A.a;theB.the;不填C.a;aD.不填;the答案A【三年模拟】1.(2019届天津静海区四校联考,19)I have made a rule that I buy a copy of English Square every month.A.oneB.thatC.thisD.it答案D2.(2019届天津静海区四校联考,25)His letter was so confusing that I could hardly make any of it.A.explanationB.meaningC.senseD.guess答案C3.(2019届天津滨海新区大港油田一中期中,30)Boys and girls,I have the great of introducing our speaker.This is the famous professor of Peking University.A.prideB.advanceC.privilegeD.insight答案C4.(2019届天津静海区三校联考,21)When he was running after his brother,the boy lost his and had a bad fall.A.balanceB.chanceC.memoryD.place答案A5.(2019届天津四合庄中学上学期期中,19)Susan made clear to me that she wishedto make a new life for herself.A.thatB.thisC.itD.her答案D6.(2019届天津四合庄中学上学期期中,20)As the world s population continues to grow, the of food becomes more and more of a concern.A.worthB.supplyC.packageD.list答案B7.(2018天津南开中学4月月考,1)Our city has area of20,000square kilometers, second only to the largest city in our province.A.a;theB.the;/C.an;/D./;the答案C8.(2018天津第一中学下学期第四次月考,2)My cousin has decided to pursue career in music after his college graduation though his parents don t agree with decision.A./;theB.a;theC.a;aD.a;/答案B9.(2018天津第一中学5月月考,1)—What about the party last night?—It was great success.I think it s great pity that you didn t attend it.A./;theB.a;aC./;aD.a;the答案B10.(2018天津十二校二联,6)We have been making furniture for over100years,and have a worldwide for quality.A.contributionB.qualificationC.reputationD.institution答案C11.(2018天津河东区一模,2)In recent years,Chinese arts have won the of a lot of people outside China.A.reputationB.enjoymentC.appreciationD.entertainment答案C12.(2018天津南开中学4月月考,10)It s stressed that measures to control house prices will be high on the of the government.A.altitudeB.agencyC.agendaD.accommodation答案C13.(2018天津第一中学下学期第四次月考,8)Some experts fear that too-early to computers will have harmful consequences for children s development.A.exposureB.extensionC.exhibitionD.expansion答案A14.(2018天津南开区一模,20)One day while shopping in a small town in southern California,it was my to be approached by a clerk whose personality conflicted with mine.A.pleasureB.mercyC.misfortuneD.technique答案C15.(2018天津一中3月月考,19)The of severe punishments plays a major role in the growing road safety problem.A.absenceB.presenceC.existenceD.evidence答案A16.(2018天津南开区三模,1)It is widely accepted that the stock market usually reflects a country s economic.A.functionB.performanceC.cooperationD.dependence答案B17.(2018天津和平区二模,1)The development of industry has been gradual process throughout human existence,from stone tools to modern technology.A./;theB.the;aC.a;/D.a;a答案C18.(2018天津河北区一模,28)It is important to pay your electricity bill on time,as late payment may affect your.A.conditionB.incomeC.creditD.status答案C19.(2018天津耀华中学二模,1)The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that people from all walks of life are working hard for new Tianjin.A./;aB./;theC.the;aD.the;the答案A20.(2018天津河西区一模,22)—Do you have ready for the spring outing?—No,I still have to buy some fruit.A.everythingB.anythingC.somethingD.nothing答案A21.(2018天津河西区三模,2)If you want to change for a double room,you ll have to pay $25.A.otherB.moreC.anotherD.each答案C22.(2018天津河东区一模,5)who are able to work through the struggle are the who are going to be successful.A.Someone;oneB.Anyone;oneC.He;onesD.Those;ones答案D23.(2018天津南开区一模,6)The new online library makes possible for students to choose books by smartphone off campus.A.itB.oneC.thatD.this答案A24.(2018天津红桥区二模,2)—Did you have any trouble with the western customs?—to speak of.A.NoneB.AnythingC.NobodyD.No one答案A25.(2018天津部分区质量调查二,1)I like when my classmates and I go to a karaoke bar and sing together crazily.A.thisB.oneC.thatD.it答案D26.(2018天津滨海新区七所重点学校毕业联考,23)Made in China2025aims to transform China from a product-making factory into a product-making power,driven by innovation and emphasizing quality over quantity.A.the one thatB.one thatC.oneD.the one答案C27.(2018天津南开区三模,2)—The little boat is safe.Don t you think so,Mike? —No worries!I ve been on this boat dozens of times.A.something butB.nothing butC.anything butD.everything but答案C28.(2017天津南开区二模,12)How could they reach an agreement?Some said one thing, but others.A.otherB.anotherC.the otherD.others答案B29.(2017天津河西区一模,11)My close friends,after they heard about my experiences inSouth America,said it was totally out of their imagination.A.whichB.themC.allD.who答案C30.(2017天津南开区三模,5)A variety of solutions have been provided for us to solve the problem.We can choose to start with.A.itB.thatC.eachD.one答案D31.(2017天津十二所重点中学一模,8)You look very beautiful in this dress and there is only one of this kind left here.I wonder if you would buy.A.oneB.itC.someD.any答案B32.(2017天津十二所重点中学二模,10)Although war still exists on our planet,I do believe it s possible for different ethnic groups to live together in.A.agreementB.harmonyC.connectionparison答案B33.(2017天津南开区一模,1)Unfortunately,stone hit him on head and he got injured.A.the;aB.a;/C.a;theD.the;the答案C34.(2017天津河西区二模,3)I prefer writing letters to talking on phone.A.the;aB./;theC.the;theD./;a答案B35.(2017天津南开区三模,11)It was a difficult job for him.He had tried everything but it made little.eB.goodC.differenceD.result答案C36.(2017天津河东区一模,2)This is our contribution to world of the21st century, world of independence and mutual understanding.A.the;aB./;aC.a;theD.the;/答案A37.(2017天津红桥区二模,2)I often have chat with my friends on phone in my spare time.A.a;theB.the;/C.the;theD.a;/答案A38.(2017天津十二所重点中学一模,5)Health care workers are at the risk of getting infectious diseases because of their to patients.A.exposureB.discriminationC.guidanceD.response答案A39.(2017天津和平区一模,2)If you want to see a doctor,you fix a date with him ahead of time.That is a common in the USA.A.viewB.exerciseC.practiceD.reality答案C40.(2017天津河东区一模,6)In2013,Beijing adopted an emergency program for air pollution.A.behaviorB.actionC.responseD.situation答案C41.(2017天津河西区一模,2)Usually the Player of the Year title is given to a big name from the best team.But this time there is a(n).A.breakB.improvementC.exceptionD.tradition答案C42.(2017天津南开中学第五次月考,15)Most schools have banned junk food and brought out new menus.That s cool!said Andreas Petrou,11th grader.A.the;/B./;theC.the;aD./;an答案D43.(2017天津一中4月月考,17)My neighbor Molly is very kind-hearted.She usually volunteers to help poor in our community out of sympathy.A./;theB.the;/C.a;theD.the;the答案B44.(2017天津河西区质量调查二,21)—What do you think of the information from books?—It is easier to forget than from life itself.A.the oneB.itC.thatD.those答案C45.(2017天津一中4月月考,24)—My sports magazine is nowhere to be seen.—I saw Tom going away with,but I m not sure whether it is yours.A.the oneB.oneC.thatD.it答案B46.(2017天津十二区县重点中学毕业班联考一,34)—Have you got a digital camera?—No.—You should buy.A.oneB.itC.thatD.this答案A47.(2017天津南开中学第五次月考,35)—I saw no more than one motor car in the shop.Will you go and buy?—No,I d rather find in other shops.A.it;oneB.one;itC.it;the oneD.the one;it答案A48.(2017天津和平区二模,33)Planning so far ahead makes no—so many things will have changed by next year.A.senseB.roomC.choiceD.effort答案A49.(2017天津河北区一模,42)The fear of failing exams can cause you to panic and stress can be a(n)to your performance at school.A.solutionB.invitationC.blockD.access 答案C。

第一部分语法知识专题一名词、代词和冠词挖命题【考情探究】分析解读对词性的直接考查主要集中在语篇型填空题中,而间接的考查则体现在写作中,不论是应用文写作还是读后续写或概要写作,以上三类词都起着非常重要的作用。

一、名词1.根据上下文判断是否用名词,是否用名词的复数形式。

因此考生一定要掌握名词复数形式的构成规则．．．．．．．．．．．。

2.根据所给的同根词,写出相应的名词。

因此考生要掌握英语单词的基本构词法。

2019年与名词有关的词性转换将是考查的热点。

同时特别注意既有词性转换．．．．．．．．．．．。

．．．．．,．又有复数形式的考查方式3.有可能在无提示词的情况下根据语境写出适当的名词。

这类词一般都是固定结构或在上下文中有明确的提示。

因此考生要掌握一些含有名词的固定词组。

这类设题的难度较大,近年都没有涉及,但是,考生还是应当做出必要的准备。

二、代词1.根据上下文的语境写出合适的代词。

2.根据所给的同根词,写出合适的代词形式。

因此考生要掌握英语代词的各种形式之间的转换规则和形式。

三、冠词根据上下文的逻辑关系选择合适的定冠词或不定冠词。

在此类考查中,名词实际上起着主要的作用．．．．．．．．．．．．。

所以要重点研究与设空处相关的名词。

从以上考查方式中可以看出,对这三类词的考查主要集中在对上下文的理解上．．．．．．．．,因此,读懂句子,读懂上下文,抓住上下文的主旨,是这类题目的解题关键。

破考点【考点集训】考点一名词1.Whenever I made mistakes,the teacher pointed them out with(patient).答案patience2.Without the proper treatment, minor(injure)or burns could lead to more suffering and even loss of lives. 答案injury/injuries3.While she was in Paris,she developed a(tasty)for fine art.答案taste4.My first(impress)of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.答案impression5.Three months later,Jesse was able to communicate happily with all his classmates about regular things like homework and(game).答案games6.You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future(refer).答案reference7.Your(perform)as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.答案performance8.They were the kind that I did not have in my(collect)so I placed them carefully in my bag.答案collection9.For sustainable development, the government has decided to give(prefer)to those energy-conserving and environment-friendly businesses in many aspects.答案preference10.Due to the(apply)of this medical technology,some diseases can be treated at an early stage.答案application考点二代词1.This is 18-year-old Musa Bockarie’s story about how first aid saved(he)life.答案his2.Studying Wendy’s menu,I found that many of the items are similar to of McDonald’s.3.The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than on the small ones.答案that4.Sarah made to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.答案it5.During the rush hour, I have been looking for a taxi but haven’t found yet.答案one6.is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socioeconomic backgrounds tend to do less well in our education system.答案It7.It’s an either-or situation—we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do. 答案both8.I like of these five ties. They are all too expensive and don’t go well with my new suit.答案none考点三冠词1.It was cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across the night sky.答案 a2.People develop a preference for a particular style of learning at early age and these preferences affect learning.答案an3.Animals are obviously lower form of life than man.答案 a4.Four and half hours of discussion took us up to midnight,and a break for cheese,chocolate and tea with sugar.答案 a5.Marco Polo is said to have sailed on Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in thirteenth century.答案the;the6.Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction.7.He missed gold in the high jump,but will get second chance in the long jump.答案the;a8.The Smiths don’t usually like staying at hotels,but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by sea.答案the9.We are said to be living in Information Age,time of new discoveries and great changes.答案the;a10.But a parent of another child came up with even better idea—getting the whole class to learn sign language along with Zejd.答案an过专题【五年高考】考点一名词1.(2018天津,6)The(possible)that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.答案possibility2.(2018江苏,32)Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the(assume)you’ve made.答案assumption3.(2017江苏,34)The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But alternative (explain)are hard to find.答案explanations4.(2016浙江,4)It is important to pay your (electric)bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit. 答案electricity5.(2016江苏,24)—Can you tell us your recipe for (happy)and a long life?—Living every day to the full, definitely.答案happiness6.(2016天津,2)The dictionary is out of:many words have been added to the language since it was published.答案date7.(2015江苏,32)Some schools will have to make(adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.答案adjustment/adjustments8.(2015江苏,35)—Go and say sorry to your Mom,Dave.—I’d like to,but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my(apologize).答案apology/apologies9.(2015浙江,15)One of the most effective ways to reduce (stressful)is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.答案stress10.(2015湖北,21)When he was running after his brother,the boy lost his and had a bad fall.答案balance11.(2015湖北,22)He gave himself a new name to hide his (identify)when he went to carry out the secret task.答案identity12.(2014湖北,21)Her(motivate)for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.答案motivation考点二代词1.(2016浙江,3)In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from in the UK.答案that2.(2015天津,2)The quality of education in this small school is better than in some larger schools.答案that3.(2015浙江,12)How would you like if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?答案it4.(2015重庆,2)The meeting will be held in September,but knows the date for sure.答案nobody5.(2015陕西,13)To warm himself,the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the.答案other6.(2015四川,10)Niki is always full of ideas,but is useful to my knowledge.答案none7.(2014大纲全国,25)—Who’s that at the door?—is the milkman.答案It8.(2014山东,4)Susan made clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.答案it9.(2014重庆,1)A smile costs,but gives much.答案nothing/little10.(2014福建,21)In some countries,people eat with chopsticks,while in,knives and forks.答案others11.(2014浙江,3)An average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year,making the driest year since California became a state in 1850.答案it12.(2014安徽,24)You can ask anyone for help.here is willing to lend you a hand.答案Everyone/Everybody13.(2014陕西,21)I’d appreciate if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.答案it14.(2014四川,1)She’d lived in London and Manchester,but she liked and moved to Cambridge.答案neither15.(2014江西,32)—When shall I call,in the morning or afternoon?—.I’ll be in all day.答案Either考点三冠词1.(2016浙江,2)prize for the winner of the competition is two-week holiday in Paris.答案The;a2.(2015浙江,2)Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write a children’s book for many years,but one thing or another always got in way.答案the3.(2015重庆,3)I just heard bank where Dora works was robbed by gunman wearing a mask.答案the;a4.(2015陕西,14)more learned a man is,more modest he usually becomes.答案The;the5.(2015四川,5)Brian is gifted in writing music;he is very likely to be Beethoven.答案 a6.(2014天津,8)Life is like ocean:Only the strong-willed can reach the other shore.答案an7.(2014重庆,6)I can’t tell you way to the Wilsons’ because we don’t have Wilson here in the village.答案the;a8.(2014浙江,2)The paper is due next month,and I am working seven days week,often long intonight.答案a;the9.(2014陕西,19)village where I was born has grown into town.答案The;a【三年模拟】A组2017—2019年模拟·基础题组考点一名词1.(2019浙江绿色评价联盟,63)All in all, the engineering advancements used to construct these super tall buildings can turn one man’s dream into(real).答案reality2.(2019浙江稽阳联考,59)Calligraphy has influenced the world widely and has even been introduced to many neighboring(country).答案countries3.(2019浙江余杭10月,57)Nowadays, of course, the harmful(effect)of both smoking and sugary drinks have been well known.答案effects4.(2019浙江台州11月联考,39)At home he gave a dinner party to show the(invent)to his friends.答案invention5.(2019河南中原名校,43)The good environment and water resources have contributed much to the(grow)of the tea.答案growth6.(2018浙江宁波鄞州10月联考,61)Fortunately, he found a gas station several (kilometer)away. 答案kilometers7.(2018湖北百所重点联考,65)The Theater District is a popular tourist (attract)in New York City. 答案attraction8.(2018浙江绍兴10月模拟,60)But during my freshman year I was unsatisfied with my (perform). 答案performance9.(2018湖南三湘名校联考,63)It is an (adapt)of a popular novel of the same name.答案adaptation10.(2017浙江名校协作体联考,62)But Nobel’s main concern was never about making money or even about making scientific (discover).答案discoveries考点二代词1.(2019浙江杭州第二中学10月,58)Sometimes I even tried my best to dress up like(they).答案them2.(2019浙江衢州10月,65)The bikes in the shop is better than in the supermarket.答案those3.(2019浙江黄岩一模,43)He wanted to show how easy was to use the fork.答案it4.(2019安徽江淮名校11月,47)And a 1955 US ad advised mothers to mix the sugary soft drink A 7 Up with (they)baby’s milk.答案their5.(2019浙江绍兴联考,63)When writing, many calligraphers will forget all worries and even(they), combining all thoughts in the beauty of their art.答案themselves6.(2018浙江绍兴10月模拟,56)During high school I put (I)into situations where I would have to interact with people for most of the day.答案myself7.(2018浙江金华十校一模,57)People that participated were from all walks of life, and all of have great talent.答案them8.(2018河北名校联盟, 63)It is the time when young people will move out of (they)home to live with other people, often strangers.答案their9.(2017浙江金华十校联考,61)Some people get relieved by writing down the bad dreams and change the negative stories into positive on paper.答案ones10.(2017浙江名校协作体联考,62)Mrs Jane replied in a sweet smile, “That has to do with the room itself. It is just about your feeling.”答案nothing考点三冠词1.(2019浙江杭州重高10月,64)Now he is famous star of stage and screen.答案 a2.(2019浙江名校协作体,61)Probably the safest place you can be in earthquake is in a tall building.答案an3.(2019河南中原名校第一次联考,46)The story went that Emperor Qianlong visited the mountain during his Hangzhou travels, and he saw some ladies picking the tea at foot of the mountain.答案the4.(2019安徽江淮名校11月,43)Modern adverts began to appear in18th centuries.答案the5.(2019浙江台州黄岩一模,45)Fifty years later people in England began to use forks.答案the6.(2018湖南三湘名校联考,62) A film named Wolf Warriors II becomes hit in China recently.答案 a7.(2018江西红色七校联考, 69)It is sure that splendid Hangzhou is waiting to see you in 2022.答案 a8.(2018辽宁重高协作体联考,48)People always think that nothing bad will happen to them;it always happens to “other guy”.答案the9.(2017浙江金华十校联考,59)Sometimes dreams are terrifying, but they are usually collection of confused thoughts.答案 a10.(2017浙江名校协作体联考,59)She said with the enthusiasm of eight-year-old child having just been presented with a new dog.答案anB组2017—2019年模拟·综合题组Passage 1(综合填空)Mary was a good student in the university and she wanted to be a teacher after 1(graduate). When she graduated, she had a job interview in a high school, but she had no luck.“I noticed a tiny hole in one of my 2(stock)earlier.” she recalls. “But I knew I’d be late if I did 3 (some)about it. By the time I got to the interview, it was bigger than before. I walked in, apologizing 4not looking at 5best.” Her friend told her the school’s comment was, “If someone doesn’t take 6time to present her best 7(appear)at an interview, what kind of teacher is she going to be?”In a job interview, personal appearance is very important. After all, you are selling yourself to an employer. When going to a job interview, you should brush your hair tidy, and above all, dress 8properly.If you are viewed positively within 9critical first four minutes, the person you’ve met will probably feel everything you do is positive. If you leave the interviewer a bad impression, he will guess you have a lot of otherunsatisfactory characters. Most employers believe that those who care about themselves will care more about10jobs.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1.graduation2.stockings3.something4.for5.my6.the7.appearance8.yourself9.the10.theirPassage 2(用所给词的适当形式填空)It was late at night.Two1(German)were sleeping in their room when,one of them,Mrs.Green,was woken up and found a thief slipping into their room to try his 2(lucky).She had three thousand3(dollar)in her pocket.“What should I do? Many4(thief)usually bring5(knife)with them,” she thought in6 (silent).And at the same time the thief happened to touch a sports suit.It seemed as if he found there was someone in the room,so he went out to the next room where two7(Frenchman)were sleeping.When he was looking for 8(money)or some9(jewel)in the next room,Mrs.Green woke up her husband quickly and called the police. And then the thief knew what had happened.He was so scared that he took out a knife.Just then the police showed up.Before the thief ran away,the police caught him. Mrs.Gre en was happy because she didn’t need to worry about their10(safe).1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1.Germans2.luck3.dollars4.thieves5.knives6.silence7.Frenchmen8.money9.jewels/jewelry10.safetyPassage 3(冠词填空)When I walked down Third Avenue,as1rule,I used to look into the windows of2old shop that sold old and beautiful things.Since I often took my walk after the closing time,I cupped my hands against3 windows to get4small look at the treasures inside.Some things looked as if they had not been noticed for5long time,but I knew their beauty was still there beneath their own surface.I even thought they were6most beautiful things that I had ever seen.That was how I felt about7old,too.I knew their value,and it hurt me when others missed it.I was raised by my grandmother and given8deep sense of the value of experience.Taught to behave well,my sister and I respected other people,regardless of their age or color.My grandmother was loved by all9people around her.She was known to be10wise and kind woman,who was able to do things well even in her last years.Old people should be treated as fine gold.They may be gradually tarnished(失去光泽)by age,but they can be polished with respect.You might be surprised by their bright and shining qualities.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1.a2.an3.the4.a5.a6.the7.the8.a9.the10.a。

第一讲名词和冠词语法项目(一) 名词语法填空题对名词的考查主要包括名词的单复数和所有格，以及给出动词、形容词等提示词要求写出适当的名词形式。

短文改错重点考查名词的单复数、不可数名词、名词与其他词类的词性转化等。

解答有关名词的题目时，一定要注意名词前的修饰成分，如数词、量词、常修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词的词或短语等，来判断其是需要可数名词单数形式、复数形式还是不可数名词；有的还要结合语境分析句子成分，来判断是否需要作主语、宾语、表语或定语的名词。

如何确定填单复数、所有格还是派生为名词[思考趋向]1．填名词的单复数若提示词是名词，分析句子成分后发现词性不需要改变，此时应考虑填名词的单复数。

2．填名词的所有格提示词为名词时，如果作定语表示“……的”，则一般考查名词的所有格。

3．派生为名词[典例感悟][典例1](2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She has turned down several ________ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.解析：invitations invitation“邀请”是可数名词，其前有several修饰，应用复数形式。

[典例2](2019·湖南师大附中模拟)This could be ________ (Mary) motto——the expression that best captures her spirit.解析：Mary's此题考查名词的所有格，根据语境应该表示“玛丽的格言”。

[典例3](2017·浙江卷11月)Of course you have to work at it.You wouldn't think that a few ________ (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough for the rest of your life，and that's also true for building your vocabulary—you have to keep at it daily，and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary.解析：months考查名词的数。

2020;2020高考英语最后30天语法精讲名词、数词、冠词一、名词1、在句子里使用名词应注意的问题：名词的数：单数、复数和不可数；名词的格：通格和属格（’s ）名词的限定：特指、泛指、数量和习惯用法，即名词前加冠词或其它限定词，例如： some, many , this, my 等2、名词的数和单位词：1）复型名词 + 复数动词The trousers are too big for me. Please show me the smaller pair.备用词： shoes, stockings, glasses, socksNOTICE: A pair of glasses costs quite a lot.2）复型名词 + 单数动词A. The news on TV is seldom satisfying.备用词：mathematics, physics, politics, means, works, the United Sta tes B. Twenty miles is a long way to walk.备用词： five pounds, two feet, six weeks3) 集合名词 + 复数名词The police have surrounded the building.Cattle are selling for record price (创记录）.备用词： the enemy, (the) peopleNOTICE: 表示由若干人组成的集合体的单数词常可作复数用，但若把这个集合体看作整体就用作单数:My family are wonderful. They do all they can for me.The family which now consists of four members at most issmaller than it used to be.4)不可数名词作可数的情况A. 部分不可数名词可以有下列情况a (an) + adj. + n.It looks like rain. a thirsty for knowledge(求知欲）a heavy rain He has a good knowledge of politics. 备用词： snow, breakfast, wine, oil, educationB.口语特例（特定场合）A (One) beer, please.Two teas and four coffees, please.5)既是可数又是不可数的名词I broke a glass this morning. (杯子）Glass is made from sand. （玻璃）备用词： paper / a paper, light(光) / a light(灯);ice(冰) / an ice (冰激凌), chicken(鸡肉) / a chicken (雏鸡)6) 单位词A.个数a piece of information (furniture, advice…)B. 以形状表示个数a grain of rice, a flight of stairsC. 容量a box of matches, a cup of teaD. 计量a metre of cloth, a ton of coalE.其它a (new) set of tools (wires, teeth, rules)3、名词的格：1）’ s 的用法A . 与时间有关的名词a night’s sleep ten minutes’ walkNOTICE: a two-hour walk = two hours’walkB. 和else 连用book can this be? A. Who else’s B. Whose elseC. Who’s elseD. Whose else’s (A)C. ‘s 修饰的词，如果前面提到，可省略This is Jack’s book, not Tom’s.This book is Jack’s not Tom’s.D. 表示店、铺、家、诊所等，‘s 后面的名词省略at the Green’s (house), at the doctor’s (office)2) OF 结构表示所有关系A. 无生命的名词用ofthe price of the successB. 有生命的名词被一个短语或从句修饰而表示所有关系时用ofCan’t you look at the book of the boy behind you?3)双重所有格‘s 与of结构并用，此时of结构所修饰的名词前通常有a, an, two, some, that 等Miss Smith is a friend of Mary’s mother’s.that brother of the girl4)名词 + 名词（名词用作形容词）A. 单数名词＋名词 a shoe (flower) shop ticket officeNOTICE: the tailor’s (shop)B. 复数名词＋名词sports meet clothes shop women pilots二、数词1、数词在使用时应注意的问题：●易错数词：●年月日及介词●计算用词●和数字相关的词2、综合1) 数字表达：123,856,709one hundred and twenty-three million, eight hundred andfifty-six thousand, seven hundred and nine2) 年月日 in the morning; on the morning of September 1;in September; in 1988; on September 1 (on the first of September)3、计算＋ Six and five is (are) eleven.Six hundred plus forty is (equals) six hundred and forty.－ Four from seven is (leaves) three.Six hundred minus one hundred equals five hundred.X 16 x 11 = 176Sixteen times eleven is (makes) one hundred and seventy-six.÷ 9 ÷ 3 = 3Nine divided by three equals three.4、dozen, scoreA. three dozen eggs; three dozen of these eggs; dozens of eggsB. three score years; a (three) score of people; scores of times5、小数，分数，百分比引导的短语作主语时的主谓一致问题．分数和百分数引导的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数应根据分数和百分数后面的名词来确定．如果是可数名词的复数，其谓语动词用复数形式；如果是不可数名词或单数可数名词其谓语动词用单数形式．More than 40 percent of the students wear glasses.70 percent od the fund(资金) was supplied by the Government.6、“一个半．．．”的表达法．one pound and a half ,one and a half years三、冠词１、冠词应注意的问题●习惯用法●同一名词前不同名词的比较２、不定冠词1) 成对的名词（此类名词间常有一种自然的联系）a knife and fork2) a most + n. “非常“ This is a most beautiful country.3) a (an) 与 one 之区别A. 数字对比用one It was one coffee we ordered, not two.B. 对比 A knife is no good. (刀子不行）One knife is no good. (一把刀子不行）C. 通用 a (one) million, a (one) quarter4) a (an) 与every 之比较: three times a year; twice every three years5) 惯用法 A. What a surprise ! What a lovely dress !quite a nice day rather a good ideasuch a funny expressionB. too cold a day How lovely a dress!so strange a person as good a map as3、定冠词1）普通名词组成的专有名词 the Great Wall the Summer Palace2）江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、海峡、海湾 the Pacific (Ocean) 3）the + adj. (-ing; -ed)A. 指一类人，谓语用复数The old are being taken good care of.B. 指一类事，谓语用单数The beautiful is not always the same as the good.4）用在radio, piano, telephone, 方位、次序、自然现象（rain）、身体部位前 He hates the telephone.5）被定语从句、介词短语、副词短语、不定式短语等修饰的名词前The boy who you are looking for (in blue, there, standing there,dressed in blue ) is a student.4、零冠词1）街道、广场、节假日、季节、月份、星期、棋类、球类等National Day Nanjing Road2）职位充当补语、同位语时He was elected headmaster of the school.3）成对出现的成语arm in arm (手挽手), hand in hand (手牵手), face to face,side by side(肩并肩), day and night, young and old,from door to door, from morning till night, from beginning to end5、冠词比较1)go to school (hospital, church); in prison (强调用途）go to the school, visit the prison (强调建筑物本身）2) I’ll go there next Friday. (以说话时间为准）In 1989, he was 28, and the next year, he was 29. (以所给时间为准）3) by air (plane, boat…) in a spaceship ( on the bike, on the bus)4) Open the window to let in fresh air. (泛指)The air in the room is not fresh. (特指)5) be at table be at the table6) a cup of coffee Two coffees, please. I like white coffee.This is a very good coffee. The coffee on the table is Tom’s.7) Mr. White is waiting to see you. A Mr. White is waiting to see you.The Mr. White you are looking for is waiting to see you.8) A horse is a useful animal. The horse is a useful animal. Horses are useful animals.9) the best season of the year the best time of yearEXERCISES 1 （单选）1.---I’d like information about the management of your hotel,please.---Well, you could have word with the manager. He might be helpful.A. some, aB. an, someC. some, someD. an, a2. If by any chance someone comes to see me, ask them to have a .A. messageB. letterC. sentenceD. notice3. He dropped the and broke it. A. cup of coffeeB. coffee’s cupC. cup for coffeeD. coffee cup4. There are only twelve in the hospital. A. woman doctorsB. women doctorsC. women doctorD. woman doctor5. ---How many does a cow have? ---Four.A. stomachesB. stomachC. stomachsD.stomachines6. The of the building are covered with lots of .(AADBCA)A. roofs, leavesB.rooves, leafsC. roof, leafD.roofs,leafs7.That was a fifty engine. A. horse powerB. horses powerC. horse powersD. horses powers8. ---How far away is it from here to your school? ---It’sabout .A. half an hour’s driveB. half hours drivesC. half an hour drivesD. half an hour drive9. Last week I called at my .A. auntB. auntsC. aunt’sD. aunts’s10. You’ll find this map of great in helping you to get round London.A. priceB. costC. usefulnessD. value11. Alexander Graham Bell invented telephone in 1876.A.不填B. aC. theD.one12. ---Where’s Jack ? ---I think he’s still in bed but hemight just be in bathroom. A.不填，不填 B. the,theC. the, 不填D. 不填， the (AACDCD)13. Many people are still in habit of writing silly things inpublic places. A. the, the B. 不填，不填C. the, 不填D.不填， the14.She is newcomer to chemistry bust she has already madesomeimportant discoveries.A. the, theB. the, 不填C. a, 不填D. a, the15. ---Have you seen pen? I left it here this morning.---Is it black one? I think I saw it somewhere.A. a, theB. the, theC. a, aD. the, a16. Paper money was in use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in thirteenth centry.A. the, 不填B. 不填, theC. the, theD. 不填, 不填17.The warmth of sweater will of course be determined by the sortofwool used.A. the, theB. the, 不填C. 不填, theD.不填, 不填18.Summers in south of France are for most part dry and sunny.A. 不填, aB. the, 不填C. 不填, 不填D. the, the(CCCBBD)19． A rough estimate, Nigeria is__________ Great Britain. （05上海卷）( D)A. three times the size asB. the size three times ofC. three times as the size ofD. three times the size of20． He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his _______ was seen at its best when he worked with others. （05上海卷） (D)A. temperB. appearanceC. talentD. character21． I am sure David will be able to find the library — he has a pretty good _______ of direction. （05浙江卷）(D)A．idea B．feeling C．experience D．sense 22． Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his_______.（05天津卷） (C)A. abilityB. forceC. strengthD. mind23．My ______ of this weekend’s activity is going out with some good friends. （05安徽卷） (A)A. ideaB. opinionC. mindD. thought24．The head office of the bank is in Beijing, but it has ____ all over the country. （05辽宁卷） (B)A．companies B．branches C．organizations D．businesses 25． It took us quite a long time to get here. It was ______ journey.（05北京春）（C）A. three-hourB. a three hourC. a three-hourD. three hours26．Students should be encouraged to use ___ Internet as ____ resource.（08山东） A. 不填；a B. 不填；the C. the; the D. the; a D the internet 表示一类事物，a resource表示是资源的一种。

专题01 冠词、名词、代词、介词和介词短语五年(2020-2024)高考英语真题分类汇编(新高考专用)第一部分：冠词考点五年考情分布考点1 a(n)的用法2023新课标I卷a; 2021新课标I卷a。

考点2 the的用法2024新课标I卷the2023新课标II卷the;2022新课标I卷the;2022新课标II卷the;2020新课标II卷the2020新课标I卷pan前加the；2020新课标I卷the改成a。

一.命题趋向1.考查不定冠词a和an的区别。

2.考查使用不定冠词的基本用法。

3.考查使用不定冠词的固定搭配。

4.考查使用定冠词的基本用法。

5.考查使用定冠词的固定搭配。

二.技巧点拨技巧一注意泛指还是特指如果空格后的名词或“形容词＋名词”前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定词时很可能填冠词。

1．如果空格及后面的名词在文中第一次出现，可翻译成“一个(本、种等)”，一般填a/an；如果是前文已经提到过，可翻译成“这/那个，这/那些”，一般填the。

2．如果名词后有of短语、不定式、分词或从句等作定语时很可能填the。

技巧二注意固定搭配考点一：不定冠词a(n)1.(2023新课标I卷)The meat should be fresh with ________ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.2.(2021新课标I卷)While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ________ must to visit!考点二：定冠词the3.(2024新课标I卷)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ________ first time.4.(2024年浙江1月卷)Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions(份). Then, when you use one section, ________ other stays fresh.5.(2023新课标II卷)Not the pandas, even though ________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.6.(2023浙江1月卷)In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect ________ culture of grassroots Beijingers.7.(2022新课标I卷)Covering an area about three times ________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.8.(2022新课标II卷)________ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto.9.(2022年浙江1月)Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ________ time, they agreed.10.(2021浙江卷)________ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.11.(2020新课标II卷)The plum trees are ________ first to flower even as the snow is melting (融化).12.(2020浙江卷)Then，with ________ rise of science，changes began.第二部分：名词考点五年考情分布考点1动词/名词转换为名词2024新课标I卷--engineering; 2023新课标II卷--arrival;2021新课标II卷--representative;2020新课标II卷--celebration考点2形容词转换为名词2024新课标I卷--richness; 2020新课标I卷--interest; 2020新课标III卷--curiosity; 2020新课标卷--accuracy。

语法专题突破专题一名词和冠词考点精讲一名词考点一可数名词1可数名词变复数形式时一般在词尾加s或es，变化形式如下表：构成方法例词一般在词尾加s map→maps，sea→seas，girl→girls以s，x，ch，sh结尾的名词后加es (stomach 除外) class→classes，box→b oxes，watch→watches，dish→dishes以f或fe 结尾的词变f或fe为v，再加esleaf→leaves，knife→knives，wife→wives，wolf→wolves加sbelief→beliefs，chief→chiefs，proof→proofs，roof→roofs，gulf→gulfs，safe→safes以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es party→parties，family→families，story→stories，pany→panies以元音字母加y结尾的名词，加s toy→toys，boy→boys，day→days，ray→rays以辅音字母加o结尾的名词一般加eshero→heroes，potato→potatoes，tomato→tomatoes不少外来词加spiano→pianos，photo→photos，kilo→kilos两者皆可volcano→volcanoes/volcanos以元音字母加o结尾的名词加sradio→radios，bamboo→bamboos，z oo→zoos名词变复数不规则变化的形式如下表：构成方法例词增加字母child→children，ox→oxen且词义发生变化，主要类型如下：①抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。

A knowledge of English is a must in international trade．英语知识在国际贸易中是必不可少的。

It is a waste of time reading such a novel．读这种小说就是浪费时间。

高考英语语法考情分析7：名词、冠词和代词考情分析名词是高考英语的考察的重点，高考试题主要侧重于对形近名词、意近名词的辨析以及对名词的固定搭配的考查，在语法填空中重点考察名词单复数、不可数名词、名词所有格和词性转化，预测在今后的高考中还将延续这样的命题特点。

冠词的考察主要集中在定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词和冠词的固定搭配上，冠词一般在语法填空考1题。

需要考生在平时学习中进行归纳整理和记忆。

高考真题对代词的考查一般是1-2道题。

对代词的考查主要集中在人称代词的主宾格，物主代词（形物代和名物代），反身代词，不定代词上，考生要特别注意both, all, either, any, neither, none, something, anything, someone, everyone 等的基本用法。

其他代词，如it的用法也是考查的重点。

指示代词在高考的考查范围中。

预测在今后的高考中，人称代词的用法以及反身代词的常见搭配, 不定代词的辨析仍将是考查的重点。

01真题感悟真题感悟1.(2021年全国乙卷·69) ________(activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim to have a low impact on the natural environment.答案：Activities解析：考查名词复数。

空格中所填单词在句中作主语，由句中from whale watching to hiking可知，这里指各种各样的活动，需用activity的复数形式。

2.(2021年八省联考·65) A________ (student) college experience is his or her own, and the student must put his or her education first.答案：student’s解析：考查名词所有格。

高三一轮语法回顾与训练---冠词、名词、主谓一致1.冠词分为不定冠词（a, an）、定冠词（the）和零冠词（不用冠词）。

名词分为可数名词和不可数名词两大类。

主谓一致是指句子的主语与谓语在人称、数上取得一致的情况。

2.考点归纳冠词一、不定冠词（a, an）1、a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前，an用在以元音音素开头的单词前。

易错常考点记忆：a university 一所大学a uniform 一件制服a universal truth 一个普遍事实a unique talent 一种独特才能a European country 一个欧洲国家a useful machine 一种有用的机器a one-parent family 一个单亲家庭an honest man 一个诚实的男人an hour and a half 一个半小时an umbrella 一把伞2、用于单数可数名词前，表示“一；每一；某一”等意思。

To get fully prepared for the coming examination, I think what you need now is a right learning method.The teacher recommended that I should take the medicine three times a day.3、用于具体化的物质名词或抽象名词前，表示“一阵/ 场/ 次/ 种”“具体的人或事”等。

Many people believed that mastering a foreign language is a must in international trade today.Paying children for chores（家常杂务）with an allowance（津贴）is a total failure when educating them to share the family responsibilities.4、用于第一次提及的非特指的可数名词前。