2014年3月北美12月亚洲SAT题

北京市东城区普通校2014届高三3月联考英语试题（解析版）命题校：27中2014年3月本试卷四部分，共150分，考试用时120分钟。

第一部分：听力理解(共三节，22.5分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

1. Where is the woman now?A. In a restaurant.B. In a hotel. C In a library.2. How much will the man pay for two child tickets?A. US$6.B. US$4.5.C. US$3.3. Why doesn’t the man want to accept the job?A. He doesn’t like to work hard.B. He thinks the pay is too low.C. He thinks it’s too far away from his home.4. What does the woman mean?A. She is proud of her father.B. Her father has no time to take her out.C. She doesn’t like going to Xiangshan.5. What is the man doing?A. Asking for more information about Disneyland.B. Looking for some interesting places for his child.C. Asking for information about a girl of eight or nine years old.第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)听下面4段对话或独白。

2014年SAT语法(北美)解析从本次最新考题可以看出在新SAT出现之前的语法考试仍然非常重视基本功的运用。

不过值得重视的是，出题者心思很细密，有时故意将句式变复杂。

也就是说考生一旦粗心，即会步入陷阱。

可是只要脚踏实地，把句子的结构层层分析，把主谓宾的各自考点认识到位，答案也便拨云见雾。

具体见笔者对本次考试做的解析：Section 5Improving Sentence1. E. 根据playing确定逻辑主语，因此只有D,E符合动作发出者。

而D缺乏动词。

2. A. 原句的主语是Vitamin D, which the body needs in order to absorb calcium是定语从句修饰，动词是is produced.完全正确。

其余选项均缺乏动词。

3. E. 因为句子中understanding of 后面的对象有三个。

所以不需要用not only…but also，both 等词，因为这些是两个对象才用到的。

因此只有E正确。

4. E. 原句的inspired by是作为分词起到修饰作用的，因此原句是缺乏动词的。

因此只有E对，其余选项都没有动词。

5. D. 根据比较对象确定逻辑主语。

原句的比较对象是coniferous trees, (whose leaves are usually needlelike是定语从句作修饰成分)，因此只有trees能和它比较，所以只有D对。

6. C. 逻辑主语和分词的匹配问题。

句子的逻辑主语是the package, 所以不可能做choosing这个动作。

因此A,B,E都错。

D选项的表达方式错，正确表达应为had chosen,而不是had chose.7. A. 原句正确。

B选项逗号连接两个句子。

C把句子复杂化，D的of 和whose重复，E逗号连接两个句子，都错。

8. B. 句子结构。

Although we typically associate deserts with hot, dry weather, deserts can also be cold.已经是一句完整的句子，因此A 和C选项都为逗号连接两个完整句子。

成都外国语学校2014届高三12月月考英语试题满分150分，考试时间120 分钟。

注意事项：1．答题前，考试务必先认真核对条形码上的姓名，准考证号和座位号，无误后将本人姓名、准考证号和座位号填写在相应位置，2．答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号；3．答题时，必须使用黑色签字笔，将答案规范、整洁地书写在答题卡规定的位置上；4．所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效；5．考试结束后将答题卡交回，不得折叠、损毁答题卡。

第Ⅰ卷（选择题共90分）第一节语法和词汇知识（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1.It’s ______ great news for the driver that running a yellow light no longer results in ______6-point punishment.A. /; theB. a; theC. /; aD. a; a2.—I’m terribly sorry to have put you through so much trouble.—________. I know you didn’t mean to.A. Forget itB. No troubleC. All rightD. You’re welcome3.It will be a period of time _______ the relation between China and the Philippines returns to normal.A. afterB. untilC. sinceD. before4.The new version of Ipad Air is the best Ipad ever ______ more than one new feature _______ added.A. so that; isB. now that; areC. provided that; areD. in that; is5.As the negotiation went on, we found what we were talking about got off the point, wandering awayfrom the _____ topic.A. presentB. familiarC. formalD. original6.H e’s regarded as a tuhao (vulgar tycoon), _______from the car he’s driving.A. to judgeB. judgingC. judgedD. having judged7.John is _____hardworking than his sister, but he failed in the exam.A. no lessB. no moreC. not lessD. no so8.When the roads are wet, you’ve got to leave plenty of ______ between you and the other car in front.A. placeB. spaceC. roomD. area9.In my opinion, taking cellphones with the students should not be banned, but _________ to certainareas.A. to limitB. limitingC. limitedD. to be limited10.There have been several new events ______ to the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympic Games.A. addedB. to addC. addingD. having been added第二节完形填空(共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从11—30各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳答案。

高等学校应用能力A级考试2014年12月真题答案与详解录音文字材料section A1. A:So what do you do in the company, Mr Green?B:I'm in charge of the company's financial affairs department.Q : What department is Mr green in charge of in the company?2. A: I'm sorry to say your price has gone up so fast. It is almost twenty five percent higher than last few years.B: That's because the price of raw materials has gone up.Q: Why is the price higher than before?3. A: What is the purpose of your visit to this city?B : To look for a chance to do business with a local company.Q: Why does the man visit this city?4. A: Do you think we should ask Mr Zhu to do this job?B: Sure, he is the best person for the job.Q: What does the woman say about Mr Zhu?5. A:Let's get started. Tell me a bill about your educational background.B:Well, I graduated from the city college. My major is office managementQ: What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers.section BConversation OneA: Hello Linda, this is Frank speaking.B: Hi Frank! It's nice to hear from you again.A: Me too. I'm not as busy as before. Because I've quit my job.B: What? Why did you give up your job?A: The company has moved to another city. I don't want to move there.B: Oh, I see. Do you have a plan for the future ?A: Yes. I'm going to start my own business. .B: Good idea. You'Il have a great time with your family.A: That's true. I do want to have more time with my family.B: And you don't need to go to the office every day. Good luck Frank.A: Thank you, Linda.Questions :6. Why did the man decide to give up his job?7. What's the man planning to do in the future?Conversation TwoA: Cood aftenoon, Alex Company. May I help you?B: Yes. May I speak to Mr Williams, your sales manager please?A: Sorry, he isn't available right now.B: Then can I reach you a moment later?A: I'm afraid you can't. He's having a meeting now.B: But I have something urgent to talk with him.A: Then would you leave him a message?B: Yes. This is Richard Alexander from Star Electronics.A: Mr Alexander, your message please.B: Just tell him to return my call as soon as possible.A: Okay. rii give him the message when he comes back.Questions :8. Who does the man want to speak?9. Why can't Mr Williams answer the phone?10. What message does the man leave Mr Williams?Ladies and Gentlemen ,It's my honor to be the guide to show you around our company. First of all, I'II introduce our factory to you.Our company was set up in the 1980s. We mainly produce electronic goods and export them all over the world. We made a profit of about US $ 80 million last year, and our business is growing steadily. We now have offices in Asia, North America and Europe, with about 1500 employees, and we are working gladly to meet the needs of our customers. In order to further develop our overseas market, we need more agents to promote our products.I hope you will consider doing business with us. Thank you !Last time, I talked about the importance of an oral presentation. Today, I'dlike to talk about the structure of a presentation. A good oralpresentation is well structured. This makes it easier for the listener to follow. Generally speaking , a typical presentation consists of three parts: the beginning, middle, and ending. In other words, they are the introduction, body, and conclusion. Let's first look at the beginning of a presentation. The beginning of a presentation is the most important part, because it is the introduction of yourself to your listeners. You can begin your presentation by asking him some questions, or with a comment, quote, or fact. In some cases, you can begin with a joke, or a surprising statement. And an effective beginning draws the listener's attention and sets the proper tone for your presentation.Questions :16. What did the speaker talk about last time?17. What does the speaker want to talk about today?18. What does a typical presentation consist of?19. Why is the beginning of a presentation the most important part, according to the speaker?20. What is the role an effective beginning can play in your presentation?答案与详解Part Isection A1．【答案】B【解析】根据选项预测，注意对话中的名词部分。

高三英语12月检测参考答案：第一部分: 听力(每小题1.5分, 满分30分)1---5ABBAC 6---10 CACBA 11---15 ACAAB 16---20CAACC第二部分: 阅读理解(每小题2分, 满分30分)21---25 BCDAC 26---30 BADCB 31---35ABCBD第三部分第一节: 完形填空(每小题1.5分,共30分)36---40 ABCDC 41---45 BACAD 46---50 BADAC 51---55 CDAAB第二节：(每小题2分, 满分10分)56---60DCGAE第II卷:语法填空：(每小题1.5分,共15分)61. properly 62. have done 63. a 64. which /that 65. countries 66. to stay 67. arrangement 68. better 69. noisy 70. in第四部分写作第一节:短文改错(每小题1分,共10分)I have a good friend who name is Liu Mei. She is our monitor and one of thewhoseexcellent student in our class. Clever as she is, but she works very hard. We have a studentslot on common and have a lot to talk about. One evening, she told me that something inhappened when her parents was out. She was doing her homework one Sundayweremorning while she smelt something burning. She stopped ∧look out of the window when toand found a cloud of smoke come out of her neighbor’s house. She called 119comingimmediate. Ten minutes later, the firemen came and put out ∧fire. Her neighbor immediately thewas very thankful for her help.第二节书面表达(满分25分)Looking back to the National English Speaking Competition I took part in several days ago, I have a lot to share with you.Firstly, I feel really delighted that I’v e won the first prize in the competition, which makes me understand the true meaning of the proverb “No pains, no gains”. Besides, I’ve established the friendship with students from all over our country, from whom I’ve learned a lot. More importantly, taking this competition has enabled me to overcome my fear of speaking in public, thus developing my self-confidence. Additionally, I owe many thanks to my teachers and judges, without whose help, I couldn’t have done such an excellent job.To sum up, I will always treasure this meaningful and memorable experience.听力原文：Text 1W: John, is Mark coming for tea tomorrow?M: Yes. I told you yesterday, Tracy.W: Oh, did you? Sorry, I must have forgotten.Text 2you to stay for dinner.W: What’s the hurry? We’d likeM: Well, thank you, but Helen and I have to meet my parents at the railway station.Text 3W: Hi, Tom, we had to start the meeting without you.M: I know, my flight was delayed because of the heavy rain.W: But you are just in time for the discussion.Text 4M: How much are these shoes?W: Oh, they are 35 dollars a pair.M: Do you have size 9?W: I am afraid they are sold out.Text 5M: Hi, I am thinking of taking a trip during the Christmas holidays.W: Where would you like to go?M: Well, maybe somewhere warm and sunny.W: How about a tour to Southeast Asia?Text 6M: Ladies and gentlemen, let’s welcome Jane Carter. Jane, you are so young, how can you sing so well?en doing this for aW: Well, Mr. Green, I like singing very much and I’ve bewhile. Above all, I have Mr. James as my teacher.M: No wonder. I believe you’ll do a wonderful job tonight. Now, ladies and gentlemen, Jane Carter.Text 7W: Happy birthday, Jimmy, are you ready for the next present?M: You mean there is more besides the watch?W: Come with us, it’s in the car. Now, here we are, you’ve been talking a this for a month.M: Oh, it’s a new computer. It’s just what I want. I am so happy about it, thank you so much, Mom and Dad.Text 8W: Excuse me, sir.M: Can I help you?W: My name is Jane Smith; I am a designer looking for a job.M: See my secretary; she will set you up with a test.W: When?M: Next month.W: I can’t wait that long.M: Excuse me?W: I can’t wait a month, I need something sooner.M: I am sorry.Text 9M: Hi, Lily, how is your new flat?W: It’s great, I really like it.M: How big is it?W: It’s one big room, but it has a bathroom and a small kitchen too.M: How far is it from the office?W: It’s only about 10 minutes.M: 10 minutes by bus or by car?W: On foot. I walked to work this morning. I was 10 minutes early.M: You are lucky. I was 10 minutes late.W: What happened?M: All the buses came late.W: What did Susan say?M: She was late too.W: What happened to her?M: She took the train and it was late too.W: Well, then, you were really lucky after all. But what are you going to do tomorrow?M: I’ll start out 15 minutes earlier.Text 10Good afternoon everybody and welcome to this class on English words. I hope that all of you can hear me. If not, please let me know. I am Professorteacher for the next 13 weeks. As you can probably John Morris. I’ll be yourtell, this is one of the most popular and crowded classes. Indeed, every time this course is offered, this room is very full. Why is that? Well, in order to usehave at least a basic understanding the English language, it’s very important toof how words are formed. Just to mention one figure and there are many, there are about 1 million words in English. If you are an English learner, you may wonder how you can possibly remember all of these words. Well, for one thing, you don’t have to. No native speaker exists who knows all of the words in the English language. Besides, there are short-cuts. Short-cuts? Yes, for example, if you know how words are formed by using parts of words from other languages, such as Greek and French, you’ll understand a good number of English words when you first come across them. Let me put it this way, knowing the rules will help you to master a large number of words. This is probably the No.1 reason why this class is so popular.。

2014年12月英语四级考试真题试卷（第三套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay about a campus activity that has benefited you most. You should state the reasons and write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________1. A) She will go purchase the gift herself. B) The gift should not be too expensive.C) The man is not good at balancing his budget.D) They are going to Jane's house-warming party.2. A) It takes patience to go through the statistics.B) He has prepared the statistics for the woman.C) The woman should take a course in statistics.D) He is quite willing to give the woman a hand.3. A) The man wants to make some change in the scripts.B) The woman does not take the recording seriously.C) They cannot begin their recording right away.D) Page 55 is missing from the woman's scripts.4. A) A significant event in July. B) Preparations for a wedding.C) The date of Carl's wedding. D) The birthday of Carl's bride.5. A) The man was in charge of scheduling meetings.B) The man was absent from the weekly meeting.C) They woman was annoyed at the man's excuse.D) The woman forgot to tell the man in advance.6. A) The woman is a marvelous cook. B) The man cannot wait for his meal.C) The woman has just bought an oven. D) The man has to leave in half an hour.7. A) Whether the man can keep his job. B) Where the man got the bad news.C) What items sell well in the store. D) How she can best help the man.8. A) The woman can sign up for a swimming class.B) He works in the physical education department.C) The woman has the potential to swim like a fish.D) He would like to teach the woman how to swim.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A) He teaches in a law school. B) He loves classical music.C) He is a diplomat. D) He is a wonderful lecturer.10.A) Went to see a play. B) Watched a soccer game.C) Took some photos. D) Attended a dance.11. A) She decided to get married in three years. B) Her mother objected to Eric's flying lessons.C) She insisted that Eric pursue graduate studies.D) Her father said she could marry Eric right away.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Editor. B) Teacher. C) Journalist. D) Typist.13. A) The beautiful Amazon rainforests. B) A new railway under construction.C) Big changes in the Amazon valley. D) Some newly discovered scenic spot.14. A) In news weeklies. B) In newspapers' Sunday editions.C) In a local evening paper. D) In overseas editions of U.S. magazines.15. A) To be employed by a newspaper. B) To become a professional writer.C) To sell her articles to news service. D) To get her life story published soon.Passage One Questions 16 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.16. A) Nodding one's head. B) Waving one's hand.C) Holding up the forefinger. D) Turning the right thumb down.17. A) Looking away from them. B) Forming a circle with fingers.C) Bowing one's head to them. D) Waving or pointing to them.18. A) Looking one's superior in the eye. B) Keeping one's arms folded while talking.C) Showing the sole of one's foot to a guest. D) Using a lot of gestures during a conversation. Passage Two Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) They had to beg for food after the harvest. B) They grew wheat and corn on a small farm.C) They shared a small flat with their relatives. D) The children walked to school on dirt roads.20. A) Tour Ecuador's Andes Mountains. B) Earn an animal income of $2,800.C) Purchase a plot to build a home on. D) Send their children to school.21. A) The achievements of the Trickle Up Program. B) A new worldwide economic revolution.C) Different forms of assistance to the needy. D) The life of poor people in developing countries. Passage Three Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) They are highly sensitive to cold. B) They are vitally important to our life.C) They are a living part of our body. D) They are a chief source of our pain.23. A) It has to be removed in time by a dentist. B) It is a rare oral disease among old people.C) It contains many nerves and blood vessels. D) It is a sticky and colorless film on the teeth.24. A) It can change into acids causing damage to their outer covering.B) It greatly reduces their resistance to the attacks of bacteria.C) It makes their nerves and blood vessels more sensitive to acid food.D) It combines with food particles to form a film on their surface.25. A) Food particles. B) Gum disease. C) Unhealthy living habits. D) Chemical erosion.Stunt people (替身演员) are not movie stars, but they are the hidden heroes of many movies.They were around long before films. Even Shakespeare may have used them in fight scenes. To be good, a fight scene has to look real. Punches must __26__ enemies'jaws. Sword fights must be fought with __27__ swords. Several actors arc usually in a fight scene. Their moves must be set up so that no one gets hurt. It is almost like planning a dance performance.If a movie scene is dangerous, stunt people usually __28__ the stars. You may think you see Tom Cruise running along the top of a train. But it is __29__ his stunt double. Stunt people must __30__ the stars they stand in for. Their height and build should be about the same. But when close-ups are needed, the film __31__ the star. Some stunt people __32__ in certain kinds of scenes. For instance, a stunt woman named Jan Davis does all kinds of jumps. She has leapt from planes and even off the top of a waterfall. Each jump required careful planning and expert __33__.Yakima Canutt was a famous cowboy stunt man. Among other stunts, he could jump from a second story window onto a horse's back. He __34__ the famous trick of sliding under a moving stagecoach. Canutt also __35__ a new way to make a punch look real. He was the only stunt man ever to get an Oscar.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.One principle of taxation, called the benefit principle, states that people should pay taxes based on the benefits they receive from government services. This principle tries to make public goods similar to __36__ goods. It seems reasonable that a person who often goes to the movies pays more in __37__ for movie tickets than a person who rarely goes. And __38__ a person who gets great benefit from a public good should pay more for it than a person who gets little benefit.The gasoline tax, for instance, is sometimes __39__ using the benefits principle. In some states, __40__ from the gasoline tax are used to build and maintain roads. Because those who buy gasoline are the same people who use the roads, the gasoline tax might be viewed as a __41__ way to pay this government service.The benefits principle can also be used to argue that wealthy citizens should pay higher taxes than poorer ones, __42__ because the wealthy benefit more from public services. Consider, for example, the benefits of police protection from __43__. Citizens with much to protect get greater benefit from police than those with less to protect. Therefore, according to the benefits principle, the wealthy should __44__ more than the poor to the cost of __45__ the police force. The same argument can be used for many other public services, such as fire protection, national defense, andA) adapt B) contribute C) exerting D) expensesE) fair F) justified G) maintaining H) privateI) provided J) revenues K) similarly L) simplyM) theft N) total O) wealthGrowing Up Colored[A] You wouldn't know Piedmont anymore—my Piedmont, I mean—the town in West Virginiawhere I learned to be a colored boy.[B] The 1950s in Piedmont was a time to remember, or at least to me. People were always proud tobe from Piedmont—lying at the foot of a mountain, on the banks of the mighty Potomac. We knew God gave America no more beautiful location. I never knew colored people anywhere who were crazier about mountains and water, flowers and trees, fishing and hunting. For as long as anyone could remember, we could outhunt, outshoot, and outswim the white boys in the valley.[C] The social structure of Piedmont was something we knew like the back of our hands. It was animmigrant town; white Piedmont was Italian and Irish, with a handful of wealthy WASPs (盎格鲁撒克逊裔的白人新教徒) on East Hampshire Street, and "ethnic" neighborhoods of working-class people everywhere else, colored and white.[D] For as long as anyone can remember, Piedmont's character has been completely bound up withthe Westvaco paper mill: its prosperous past and doubtful future. At first glance, the town is a typical dying mill center. Many once beautiful buildings stand empty, evidencing a bygone time of spirit and pride. The big houses on East Hampshire Street are no longer proud, as they were when I [E] Like the Italians and the Irish, most of the colored people migrated to Piedmont at the turn ofthe 20th century to work at the paper mill, which opened in 1888. All the colored men at the paper mill worked on "the platform"—loading paper into trucks until the craft unions were finally integrated in 1968. Loading is what Daddy did every working day of his life. That's what almost every colored grown-up I knew did.[F] Colored people lived in three neighborhoods that were clearly separated. Welcome to theColored Zone, a large stretched banner could have said. And it felt good in there, like walking around your house in bare feet and underwear, or snoring right out loud on the couch in front of the TV—enveloped by the comforts of home, the warmth of those you love.[G] Of course, the colored world was not so much a neighborhood as a condition of existence. Andthough our own world was seemingly self-contained, it impacted on the white world of Piedmont in almost every direction. Certainly, the borders of our world seemed to be impacted on when some white man or woman showed up where he or she did not belong, such as at the black Legion Hall. Our space was violated when one of them showed up at a dance or a party.The rhythms would be off. The music would sound not quite right: attempts to pat the beat off just so. Everybody would leave early.[H] Before 1955, most white people were just shadowy presences in our world, vague figures ofpower like remote bosses at the mill or tellers at the bank. There were exceptions, of course, the white people who would come into our world in ritualized, everyday ways we all understood. Mr. Mail Man, Mr. Insurance Man, Mr. White-and-Chocolate Milk Man, Mr.Landlord Man, Mr. Police Man: we called white people by their trade, like characters in a mystery play. Mr. Insurance Man would come by every other week to collect premiums on college or death policies, sometimes 50 cents or less.[I] "It's no disgrace to be colored," the black entertainer Bert Williams famously observed early inthe century, "but it is awfully inconvenient." For most of my childhood, we couldn't cat in restaurants or sleep in hotels, we couldn't use certain bathrooms or try on clothes in stores.Mama insisted that we dress up when we went to shop. She was carefully dressed when she went to clothing stores, and wore white pads called shields under her arms so her dress or blouse would show no sweat. "We'd like to try this on," she'd say carefully, uttering her wordsprecisely and properly. "We don't buy clothes we can't try on," she'd say when they declined, and we'd walk out in Mama's dignified (有尊严的) manner. She preferred to shop where we had an account and where everyone knew who she was.[J] At the Cut-Rate Drug Store, no one colored was allowed to sit down at the counter or tables, with one exception: my father. I don't know for certain why Carl Dadisman, the owner, wouldn't stop Daddy from sitting down. But I believe it was in part because Daddy was so light-colored, and in part because, during his shift at the phone company, he picked up orders for food and coffee for the operators. Colored people were supposed to stand at the counter, get their food to go, and leave. Even when Young Doc Bess would set up the basketball team with free Cokes after one of many victories, the colored players had to stand around and drink out of paper cups while the white players and cheerleaders sat down in comfortable chairs and drank out of glasses.[K] I couldn't have been much older than five or six as I sat with my father at the Cut-Rate one afternoon, enjoying two scoops of caramel ice cream. Mr. Wilson, a stony-faced, brooding Irishman, walked by."Hello, Mr. Wilson," my father said."Hello, George."[L] I was genuinely puzzled. Mr. Wilson must have confused my father with somebody else, but who? There weren't any Georges among the colored people in Piedmont. "Why don't you tell him your name, Daddy?" I asked loudly. "Your name isn't George.""He knows my name, boy," my father said after a long pause. "He calls all colored people George."[M] I knew we wouldn't talk about it again; even at that age, 1 was given to understand that there were some subjects it didn't do to worry to death about. Now that I have children, I realize that what distressed my father wasn't so much the Mr. Wilsons of the world as the painful obligation to explain the racial facts of life to someone who hadn't quite learned them yet.Maybe Mr. Wilson couldn't hurt my father by calling him George; but I hurt him by asking to know why.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

Questions 32-41 are based on the following passage and supplementary material.This passage is adapted from Adam Grant, “The Best Lie Detectors in Workplace.”©2013 by the Washington Post.Lie detection is a notoriously difficult skill to master. In fact, even most so-called lie detection experts-- experienced detectives, psychiatrists, job interviewers, judges, polygraph administrators, intelligence agents and auditors-- hardly do better than chance. In a massive analysis of studies with more than 24, 000 people. Psychologists Charles Bond Tr. and Bella Depaulo found that even the experts are right less than 55 percent of the time. Still, some people are better judges of character than others. So when we need to count on people to assess honesty, we tend to turn to the skeptics among us, expecting that they'll be thorough and discerning. Consider a clever study by psychologists Nancy Carter and Mark Weber, who presented business professionals with a scenario about an organization struggling with dishonesty in its hiring interviews. They had the chance to choose one of two highly competent senior managers to be the company's job interviewer. The major difference between the two managers wasn't experience or skill, it was a matter of personality: One manager was skeptical and suspicious, whereas the other manager had a habit of trusting others. Eighty-five percent chose the skeptical manager to make the hiring decisions, expecting the trusting manager to be naive and easily duped.But are we right that skeptics are better lie detectors? To find out, Carter and Weber created videotapes of eight business students interviewing for a job. Half of the interviewees told the truth throughout the interview, while the other half was instructed to tell three significant lies apiece.Carter and Weber recruited a group of people to watch the videos. Several daysbeforehand, they had completed a survey about whether they were generally skeptical or trusting of others. After watching the videos, the participants placed their bets about which candidates lied and which told the truth, and then made a choice about which ones they would hire.The results were surprising. The more trusting evaluators better identified the liars among the group than the skeptics did, and were also less likely to hire those liars. Contrary to conventional wisdom, it’s the skeptics who are easiest to fool.Why would this be? One possibility, according to Carter and Weber, is that lie-detection skills cause people to become more trusting. If you're good at spotting lies, you need to worry less about being deceived by others, because you can often catch them in the act.The other possibility is that by trusting others, we sharpen our skills in reading people. Skeptics assume that most people are hiding or misrepresenting something. This makes them interpersonally risk-averse, whereas people who habitually trust others get to see a wider range of actions-from honesty to deception and generosity to selfishness. Over time, this creates more opportunities to learn about the signals that distinguish liars from truth tellers.So what signals do trusters use to spot lies? One of the study's findings is that they pay more attention to vocal cues than skeptics do. This lines up beautifully with a breakthrough review led by the psychologist Alder Vrij. His team examined several decades of research and concluded that most of us rely heavily on nonverbal cues, such as nervousness or confidence, even though they can be misleading.To effectively spot lies, Vrij and colleagues recommend renewed attention to verbalcues-inconsistencies in stories and incorrect responses to questions for which you alreadyknow the answer.32. It can reasonably be inferred fr om the passage that the majority of the “business professionals"referred to in line 16 believed thatA) many hiring managers fail to recognize dishonesty in job candidates.B) most senior managers are skeptical about those who work for them.C) skeptics are better than trustful individuals at detecting lies.D) personality is not a critical element of what makes a good manager.33. Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question?A) Lines 14-18 ( “Consider... Interviews" )B) Lines 18-20 ( “They... Interviewer” )C) Lines 20-24 ( “The major... others “ )D) Lines 25-27 ( “Eighty-five... duped” )34. As used in line 22, “matter"most nearly meansA) issue.B) topic.C) substanceD) concern35. The author poses questions in lines 28-29 ( “But...detectors” ), line 46 ( “ why...be” ), and line 62 ( “So...lies” )primarily toA) challenge points made earlier in the passage.B) provide transitions to further develop the passage.C) identify noteworthy conclusions in the passage.D) express uncertainty about claims made in the passage.36. Based on the passage, what is indicated by the study of people who watched the interview videos?A) Skeptics are quite hard to distinguish from people who are trusting of others.B) About half of job applicants are truthful in their interviews and about half are deceitful.C) Individuals who are trusting tend to make more informed hiring decisions than do those who are skeptical.WeiXinGongZhongHao: 真题酱D) Trying to predict the outcome of social science research is unlikely to enhance the results of the research.37. Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question?A) Lines 29-33 ( "To find... apiece" )B) Lines 37-41 ( "After... Hire" )C) Lines 42-46 ( “The more... fool” )D) Lines 62-64 ( "So what... skeptics do" )38. The main distinction between the two possibilities discussed in lines 47-61 (“One...tellers") is that the second possibility considersA) honesty to be of primary rather than secondary importance.B) skepticism to be a desirable trait rather than an undesirable one.C) interpersonal skills to be difficult rather than easy to assess.D) trusting people to be a cause rather than an effect of reliable lie detection.39. As used in line 49,"spotting"most nearly meansA) shaming.B) discerning.C) scheduling.D) Iocating.40. As indicated by figure 1, what percent of senior managers are most trusting of job applicants?A) 7 percentB) 8 percentC) 36 percentD) 48 percent41. Which statement best describes an important difference between the two surveys on which the figures are based?A) The first survey poses a question that is speculative in nature, while the second poses a specific, factual questions.B) The first survey asks about dishonesty among managers, while the second asks about dishonesty among workers.C) The first survey samples senior managers only, while the second samples a broad cross section of managers.D) The first survey supports the idea that job applicants are generally trustworthy, while the second supports the idea that job applicants will try to engage in deception.。

1. 答案B解析文章中展示了从小在FortNilesIsland上与做渔民的父亲相伴长大的RuthThomas 在被母亲送到一所私立的寄宿制学校后;内心里对于寄宿制学校的生活与FortNilesIsland的生活进行了比较;以直接阐述RuthThomas心理活动为主;伴以作者的部分点评;主要是为了指出RuthThomas内心活动的矛盾之处..2.答案D解析文章第四段中明确指出;Ruth对于小岛的眷念其实是在对她母亲安排的寄宿制生活表达抗议;Ruth更喜欢自己来决定哪些事情对她好;而且她认为完全具备这样的能力..D对应原文第33~36行的Ruth…morecorrectchoices..3.答案D解析文章中多次指出;其实岛上的生活也并不如Ruth所说的那般美好;相反;岛上比较单调;而且环境也比较恶劣..但是文章中正面披露出Ruth在岛上的生活并不美好的信息则体现在rugged一词上——在母亲所安排的寄宿制学校中;女生们会呵护自己的皮肤和马匹;而Ruth并没有马匹;她的生活更单调和艰难些..因此;D正确..4.答案D解析原文第二段中指出;Ruth朝思暮想的岛上生活其实很单调;海面上偶尔会有seagull或seal;而且这些都是她已经比较熟悉的场景;就好像她对自己卧室的天花板那样熟悉;作者主要是为了体现出Ruth生活的单调性;因此D正确..5.答案D解析根据文章前三段的内容来看;Ruth离开FortNiles岛后;对岛上的生活充满了怀念;因此;这里的passion主要表现的是她对于岛上生活的喜欢及热爱;故D正确..6.答案A解析第27~32行指出;Ruth故意表现出对小岛生活的热爱之情;主要是为了抗议她的母亲擅做主张让她进入寄宿制学校..A是对原文中Itwasherresistancea gainst…forherowngood的同义转述..7.答案D解析第四段指出;如果让Ruth自己选择的话;她绝不会选去现在这样的精英寄宿制学校;该学校的女生主要关心的是她们的皮肤以及马匹;从NohorsesforRuth;thankyou.Shewasnotthatkindofgirl.中可以看出;Ruth对这这些女生的做法很不屑..此外;文中的rugged暗示;Ruth并不像这些女生那样娇生惯养;选项D较好地概括了这两点;故为答案..8.答案A解析根据对上题的分析;再结合四个选项的内容来看;只有A符合条件..9.答案D解析文章提到;在Ruth看来;跟她父亲上船捕鱼的生活其实及其单调乏味;但是Ruth为了在那些注重呵护皮肤和马驹的女同学面前掩饰她的这种生活;故意说她喜欢捕鱼..10.答案C解析原文第51~57行用三个连续的排比句阐述了在Ruth看来日复一日、无比单调的捕鱼生活..三个排比句其实起到了强调和突出的作用;因此;C正确..11.答案D解析文章开头就指出;1995年的调查取得了一个调查结果;从第11行开始;文章使用了一个与过去事实相反的假设句指出;如果当时将这两个问题同时抛给同样的被调查者的话;最终的结果可能会不一样;人们可能会掩饰自己的真实想法..本题题干中也使用了与过去事实相反的虚拟句;四个选项中;D是对原文上述这部分内容的另一种更直白的表述;故为答案..12.答案C解析原文中从第11句开始用虚拟句阐述另一种可能的假设情况;再结合上面的分析来看;只有C符合条件..13.答案C解析原文中的fair在上下文语境中的意思是“公平合理的”;四个选项中;只有equitable意义最相近;故为答案..本题要注意排除强干扰项D;legitimate更侧重“合法的；合情合理的”;与这里的上下文语境不符——这里并不涉及是否合法的问题;更多的是对赢了诉讼和输了诉讼的人是否公平的问题;因此排除D..14.答案A解析原文中的arangeof意为“一系列”;在四个选项A.series系列;B.distance距离;C.sum 总量;D.region地区;区域中;只有A能表示相同的意思..15.答案D解析选项A和C与31~34行的内容不符;原文中指出;这些受试者读过案件的卷宗;且对案件的一些重要内容是有所了解的;因此排除A和C..B的内容在文中找不到依据..只有D正确;原文第37~38行明确提到;这些受试者如果猜测准确的话;他们会获得经济上的奖励..16.答案D解析结合上一题的分析;本题四个选项中;只有D符合条件;故为答案..17.答案B解析第3段指出;第2段中的那些受试者会受到自身利益的驱动而扭曲他们的正确认知;而第3段中这些新的受试者不会知道自己到底属于利益体的哪一方;直到他们在了解案宗的情况下做出自己的正确判断后才会知道..也就是说;这些新的受试者在做出自己的判断时不会像第2段中的那些受试者那样;受到明显的利益驱动;因此;B正确..18.答案B解析第4段明确指出;尽管前面的那些实验揭示了人们在做出判断的时候是有偏见的;但这种偏见是无意识的;因为毕竟如果他们猜测的结果正确的话会得到奖励..因此;括号中的内容是为了进一步说明这些受试者动机的本质;表明他们做出的判断中所持的偏向性并不是有意为之;而只是受到下意识的维护自我利益的动机的影响..四个选项中;只有B符合条件..A中的wantedtobefair与括号内容无关;排除..从括号中的信息推不出C的内容;C是对原文的过度理解;排除..D中的behaveaggressively找不到依据;排除..19.答案C解析表格的内容呈现了以下几点：与那些不知道自己角色的受试者即;不受自我利益驱动的受试者相比;那些知道自己角色的受试者即;会被自我利益驱动的受试者在达成settlement上的比例更低只有72%；所需的平均谈判周期更长3.75；在达成的平均settlement的数量上更低29970美元;而前者为36762美元..根据以上对表格内容的解读不难发现;四个选项中;只有C符合条件;其中的unconsciousbiaswadminimized指的就是文章中提到的;在受试者做出判断之前不让他们知道自己的角色;从而减少他们受到自我利益影响的因素..20.答案B解析根据上一题中对文章表格内容的分析来看;与那些事先不知道自己角色的受试者相比他们的谈判周期为2.51;那些会被自我利益驱动的受试者在达成settlement所需要的时间更长些谈判周期为3.75;因此;B正确..21.答案C解析文章中的实验表明;受试者在做出判断的时候;往往会下意识维护自我利益;从而使最终的判断产生偏差；文章中的表格则用数据说明了这一点..也就是说;如果减少人们对于自我利益保护这个因素的影响;那么达成结果的过程会变得更有效率;因此;C 正确..22.答案D解析根据对题干中所提及的两处的上下文内容的分析;原文中的independentof意为“分离的;不受……影响的”;四个选项affiliatedwith隶属于;proportionalto成比例的;相称的;causedby由……所导致和unrelatedto与……不相关的中;只有D与independentof 的意思最接近;故为答案..23.答案D解析第一段段末指出;人们自十八世纪中期起就知晓了关于摩擦力的这些法则;但是对于这些法则的解释方面却没有一种能被普遍接受的解释..D是对原文这部分内容的概述;故为答案..解析根据对上一题的分析不难发现;四个选项中;只有A正确..25.答案B解析原文中说;物理学家们的目标是：通过用分析的方法或者电脑操作的方式;从具有指定的相互作用力的原子中构建一个坚硬的主体和表面;然后直接计算摩擦力..其中的prescribed意为“规定的”;四个选项中能符合这个意思的词只有B..26.答案B解析第二篇的第三段指出;对摩擦更深入的了解可以让科学家更好地理解其他无数的现象;例如发动机性能和工具耗损..而且;摩擦力对于微型机械的研发人员来说尤为头痛..四个选项中;与micromachines相关的只有B..27.答案C解析第2篇文章第4段指出;Marder以地毯上的凸起物为例;说明了对这种凸起物施加压力会使得整个地毯在地板上滑动..在此过程中;地板的表面是坚固的;并没有发生变化;但是地毯上的凸起物却会在受压后而变形;因此;C正确..28.答案C解析结合对上一题的分析以及四个选项的内容;只有C符合条件..29.答案C解析第二篇最后一段末指出;这种新的模型的有利条件是;它能预估压力间的简单联系;并且不要求接触面在原子水平上保持粗糙;因此;C正确..解析第一篇文章主要介绍了在传统的理想状态下摩擦力的作用模型;第二篇文章则主要介绍了EricGerde和MichaelP.Marder这两位物理学家的新的模型;因此;C正确.. 31.答案A解析第一篇文章中提到;移动时所需要的作用力要与上面物体的重量成正比..而第二篇第83行所说的simplerelationships指的是就是第一篇中所阐述的这种物体所受的压力与摩擦力之间的正比例关系..因此;A正确..32.答案A解析第一篇中使用了这样一个类比：当人们往车上装东西时;轮胎与路面之间的基础面积也随之增大;文章这样做的目的是为了阐述在传统的模式下;摩擦力的作用模式..第二篇中使用了含有凸起物的地毯的例子;主要是为了对EricGerde和MichaelP.Marder这两位物理学家的新模型进行说明..四个选项中;只有A能较好地概括这些内容;故为答案..33.答案B解析通过第一段中的theunthinking和themisguidedmenwhohaveenlistedunderthebannersofliberty;fromnoprinciplesorwithbadon es…可以发现;作者对于这些煽动发起革命的人是持否定态度的;并根据这些人所持的目标将这些人分为三类进行了详细阐述..综上来看;B正确..34.答案B解析结合对上一题的分析来看;四个选项中;只有B正确..解析文章以探讨革命开篇;引出了法国大革命的话题;进而探讨了国内一些主张发动革命的人的话题;并将这些人分为三类进行了探讨..四个选项中;符合文章实际的只有B..36.答案C解析第一段指出;应以法国革命为鉴;分析英国国内那些支持策划一场类似革命事件的人的动机和行为;并在接下来的几段中将这些反对现有秩序的人具体分为了三种进行了分析..选项C是对原文中的第5~9行的概述;故为答案..37.答案A解析文章第一段引用了地震和飓风来临之前的一些迹象;比如strangerumblings和confusednoises;借此来类比说明在革命发生之前也是这种“山雨欲来风满楼”的情形..四个选项中;只有A正确..38.答案A解析分析文章发现;原文中的motives和manners可分别与逗号后面的定语从句中的opinions和conduct对应;因此;manners在这里表示的是“行为”的意思..四个选项behaviors行为;举止;properties特性;traditions传统;quirks巧合；怪癖中;只有behaviors 符合条件;故答案为A..39.答案C解析第二段中阐述了第一种人;即那些革命意志和态度不太坚定的人;并分析了他们这种态度的利弊..原文中用到的weather-cockuncertainty和dough-bakedpatriots形象地阐述了这种人态度不坚定的嘴脸..因此;C正确..解析第三段描述了第二种人;他们盲目听信别人的煽动;不假思索地加入到血腥的报复性行为的行列中..四个选项中;A找不到依据;排除；B与原文中的unilluminatedbyphilosophy的内容相悖;排除；D与原文内容相反;原文说这些人是盲目的追随者;故排除 D..只有C符合条件;它对应原文中的alustofrevengebyaggravatedwrongs..41.答案D解析最后一段介绍了第三种人;他们既不像第一种人那么摇摆不定;也不像第二种人那么残暴;但是他们坚定地要求打破特权;要求自由..四个选项中;只有D符合原文.. 42.答案B解析结合对上一题的分析及四个选项的内容;只有B符合条件..43.答案C解析第一段介绍了xenophobia仇外心理这种现象;第二段至第四段则以molerat为实验样本;分析了影响molerat中仇外现象的一些因素;如环境资源因素、性别因素等..因此;C正确..本题需要注意排除强干扰项B;因为文中并未提及与commonmolerat行为相关的claims..44.答案C解析原文中说;对于那些居住在稳定群体里的动物而言;新来者意味着重大威胁;其中的represent意为“代表;意味着”..四个选项identify识别;portray描述;personify是……的化身和constitute组成;构成中;只有C.personify符合条件;故为答案..解析第一段介绍了xenophobia仇外心理这种现象;并在该段段末阐述了一种假设：当资源稀少时;仇外现象可能会表现得更明显;这也正是题干中所说的articulationofahypothesis..第二段段首指出;为了研究资源稀少性对于仇外心理演化的影响;AndrewSpinks和他的同事们研究了普通地鼠中的仇外心理..而后从第二段至第四段;文章都在阐述这一研究;从而验证第一段中提出的假设..因此;四个选项中只有A 符合原文..46.答案B解析第三段末提到;实验显示;当受试的两只地鼠知道彼此都是来自干旱地区时;它们间的敌意会消失..题干中的leastlikelytoshowaggressiontoward对应原文中的aggressiondisappeared;B对应原文的individualswhokneweachotherfromthearidpopulationweretestedtogether..47.答案C解析根据对上一题的分析和四个选项的内容来看;C正确..48.答案B解析文中提到;实验表明;来自同一个群体的受试地鼠不会对彼此产生敌意;这是自然选择所青睐的行为;其中的favor意为“青睐;喜欢”..四个选项approve同意；批准;promote提倡;促进;regard考虑到和indulge沉迷于中;只有B最贴合favor在上下文中的意思;故为答案..49.答案B解析通过观察柱状图发现;不管是什么性别的地鼠;柱状图中展现出来的一个共性是;来自干旱环境的地鼠比来自湿润环境的地鼠更具有敌对性..因此;B正确..50.答案B解析柱状图的信息回答了第一个问题：females;因此A保留..柱状图表明;相比于来自湿润地区的地鼠;来自干旱地区;也就是资源稀缺地区的地鼠的敌对心理更强;因此;C 保留..从柱状图中可见;当雌性地鼠和雄性地鼠组合在一起时;它们之间的敌意相较于单纯的雌性地鼠组合或者雄性地鼠组合会更弱些;因此;D保留..从柱状图中并不能知道;在雌性地鼠和雄性地鼠的组合中;到底是雌性地鼠还是雄性地鼠更快可能先发起攻击性行为;因此;柱状图回答不了选项B的问题..51.答案D解析文章最后一段指出;由于普通的地鼠可能会从不同的领地寻找配偶;因此;雌性地鼠和雄性地鼠间的竞争可能不像同性的地鼠之间的竞争那么激烈;但是这并不表明在资源稀缺的情况下;不同性别的地鼠之间就不存在竞争;事实上竞争也依然存在..因此;D正确..本题要注意排除干扰项B;尽管文中提到来自不同领地的地鼠之间会存在敌意和竞争;但是由于存在雌性地鼠和雄性地鼠这样的组合缓解了不同领地间地鼠竞争的可能性;因此;B的说法显得过于绝对;与原文不符;故排除..52.答案D解析结合上一题的分析以及最后一段末提到的;在资源稀缺的干旱环境中;比起同性别地鼠间的敌意和竞争;不同性别的地鼠间的这种敌意和竞争会少得多;文章言外之意是;尽管这种敌意少得多;但依然还是存在敌意..因此;四个选项中;只有D符合条件..。

高三年级月考试卷（英语）使用时间：2014年12月27日测试时间： 120分钟总分： 150 分第I卷第一部分：听力(略)第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题，每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AHorse Riding LessonsPrice: Private lesson—£30 per hour; Group Lesson—£25 per hour (3 or more riders)Holiday Club—£ 50 per dayDuration: 1 hour or full day club for young ridersLocation: Looe PL14 4REAge Restrictions: 5 years or overNotes: In the interests of your safety, please wear smooth-soled shoes with low heels（后跟）. Please note that all riders will be advised to wear hats before starting a lesson.Polmartin Riding is close to Looe and Liskeard. Horse riding and lessons are available all year, whatever the weather.Situated in around sixty acres of Cornish landscape, our training farm offers stunning 360-degree views of the sea and farmland. Our treks(长途跋涉) wind through fields, lakes, streams, woods and hillsides, resulting in a unique and wonderful ride, in safety and without the worry of meeting any traffic.If you prefer to learn to ride or improve your skills, our riding lessons are varied and are matched to your needs and ability. You can be assured that all lessons are of the highest standards. We are able to train riders in a variety of disciplines according to the formal BHS standards.Our Holiday Clubs are for the young riders who really want to learn about horses, not just riding. They will learn how to feed and clean horses, and how to help others by leading horses. They will have a group lesson of an hour in the morning or in the afternoon, a ride out on the farm. Children planning for the day must be at least 8 years old and should also bring a packed lunch.1. If you attend the private lesson for five hours, you will pay______.A. £100.B. £150.C. £200.D. £250.2. The children attending Holiday Clubs have to_______.A. buy a hatB. bring lunchC. lead a horseD. feed a horse3. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. The horse riding training runs only in spring and summer.B. The Holiday Clubs provide more varied lessons for the learners.C. The riding lessons provided by the training are varied but amateur.D. You should choose a proper training time to avoid the traffic congestion.BIceland is experiencing a book boom（突然风靡的时期）.There is a phrase in Icelandic, “ad ganga med bok I maganum”, meaning everyone gives birth to a book. Literally, everyone “has a book in their stomach”. One in 10 Icelanders will publish one.“Does it get rather competitive?” I ask the young novelist, Kristin Eirikskdottir. “Yes, especially as I live with my mother and partner, who are also full-time writers. But we try to publish in alternate years so we do not compete too much.”“Writers are respected here,” Agla Magnusdottir tells me. “They live well. Some even get a salary.” Magnusdottir is head of the new Icelandic Literature Centre, which offers state support for literature and its translation. “They write everything— modern sagas （长篇小说）, p oetry, children’s books, literary fiction —but the biggest boom is in crime writing,” she says.So what has led to this extraordinary book boom? I would say it is due to a crop of good writers, telling interesting tales with elegant economy and fantastic characters.Iceland’s black lava （火山岩） riverbeds, its steaming, bubbling earth, with its high volcanoes and great streams also make it the perfect setting for stories. Solvi Bjorn Siggurdsson, an Icelandic novelist, says writers owe a lot to the past. “We a re a nation of storytellers. When it was dark and cold we had nothing else to do,” he says. “Thanks to the poetic works and medieval （中世纪的）sagas, we have always been surrounded by stories.”Siggurdsson shows respect to Iceland’s Nobel Literature winner, H alldor Laxness, whose books are sold in petrol stations and tourist centres across the island. Locals name their cats after Laxness and pay visits to his home. “When Laxness won the Nob el Prize in 1955 he put modern Icelandic literature on the map,” Siggurdsson tells me. “He gave us confidence to write.”4. The phrase in Icelandic “ad ganga med bok I maganum” in Paragraph 2 suggests that ______.A. Icelanders love readingB. Icelanders love writingC. there are a lot of good books in IcelandD. it’s competitive to publish a book in Iceland5. What kind of book is the most popular in Iceland?A. Poetry.B. Medieval sagas.C. Crime novels.D. Children’s stories.6. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Halldor Laxness is the teacher of Siggurdsson.B. Halldor Laxness is greatly respected in Iceland.C. Writers in Iceland benefit from its literary tradition.D. Siggurdsson won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1955.7. According to the passage, Iceland _______.A. has more writers than any other country in the worldB. possesses some factors to be the perfect setting for storiesC. publishes more books than any other country in the worldD. advises people to publish books to increase their incomeCLast weekend I moved into a share house. It will come as a surprise to anyone that I’m no longer a lively, young 20-something. According to my own rules, this is not how things were supposed to be at 40. I should be organising schedules for childcare and family holidays, not working out a list assigning whose turn it is to clean the toilet. But I am. And I’m OK with it.A recent article from another 40-something who moved back in with his family after losing his job indicates how routine people can be. Comments suggested he should grow up and stop depending on his parents. Even I had a short moment thinking he should get organized by now. But why? Why should a 41-year-old have to follow the routine lifestyle?Despite the phone calls I make to keep in touch, being alone at home can be mentally challenging. So why then would I deny myself the option of having someone to talk to in the evening, to laugh with or to cook food for, simply because I think I’m too old for that kind of nonsense?Please don’t a ssume I am Peter Pan (天真的成年人). I love being alone and need quiet time. But while I’m busy at a new job, sometimes it’s difficult to keep a sunny mood when you head home alone with no one to ask how your day was or if you’d like some cake.Perhaps it’s no t us single 40-somethings that need to grow up, but the routine views of others that need to be altered. Society is changing rapidly. Jobs aren’t for life, so we need to be more flexible. Rather than give judgment, why not add it to the g rowing list of alt ernatives to the “house, two kids and a dog” nuclear family.8. It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that the author .A. is as energetic as 20-somethingsB. opposes cleaning the toilet in turn between roommates.C. is changing her rules about how 40-somethings should liveD. doesn’t like organizing schedules for childcare and family holidays9. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?A. The author thought highly of the critical people.B. The author had doubts about the 41-year-old’s choic e.C. The author still thought the man ought to be independent.D. The author showed a negative attitude to the comments.10. We can learn from Paragraph 3 and 4 that the author .A. dislikes being aloneB. can’t bear the fee ling of lonelinessC. is really too old to have a young persons’ gameD. has denied the option of having someone as company11. What does the author imply in the last paragraph?A. People don’t live to work.B. People today enjoy a long life.C. The old rules won’t work one day.D. Nuclear families will disappear gradually.DElephants are known to be highly social and intelligent. Now there is evidence that they will show something that looks very much like a group hug when a fellow elephant is in despression.Joshua Plotnik, who leads a conservation and education group called Think Elephants, and teaches conservation at Mahidol University in Thailand, studied elephants at a park in Chiang Rai Province in Thailand, to look for consolation（慰藉）behavior.As explained by Frans de Waal, Dr. Plotnik’s Ph.D. adviser at Emory University, consolation behavior involves bystanders’ responding to an animal that is in emotional depression. The depression may be caused by a conflict with another member of the group.“We’re pretty confident it’s relatively rare in animals,” Dr. Plotnik said in an interview. He said there was good evidence for the behavior in apes, wolves and some birds. And he said there had been some reports of such behavior in dolphins and elephants.Elephants clearly have strong emotional connections to other elephants and are highly intelligent, so it made sense to think that they might console one another. To find out, Dr. Plotnik observed 26 elephants in six groups at a managed park.When one elephant was disturbed, Dr. Plotnik said, other elephants — bystanders — gathered around. They made soft sounds and touched the depressed elephant, head to mouth with their long trunk(象鼻), which are comforting gestures, for elephants.Dr. Pl otnik said that since he couldn’t always observe the original source of the depression, he couldn’t say that the behavior met the real meaning of consolation, as it was not clear whether it followed conflict. The elephants might have been scared by a person, dog, or, in some cases, a noise that humans couldn’t hear. But, he said, in every other way the elephant behavior showed that they were acting to comfort elephants that were upset.12. What would other elephants do when one elephant was in depression?A. They would stand by to watch.B. They would make comforting gestures.C. They would gather around to defend it.D. They would make sounds to cheer it up.13. Joshua Plotnik is sure that __________.A. dolphins too have consolation behaviorB. most animals have consolation behaviorC. consolation behavior only exists in a few animal speciesD. consolation behavior exist in highly intelligent animals14. What Dr. Plotnik says in the last paragraph suggests that __________.A. he is sure of the finding of his studyB. he has found a new meaning of consolationC. he needs further evidence to conclude his studyD. it’s impossible to find the source of elephants’ depression15. Which of the following best gives the main idea of the passage?A. Elephants have emotions.B. Elephants can get upset.C. Elephants are highly social and intelligent.D. Elephants give a comforting trunk.第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。