高一下英语课文和Additional Reading的词组复习新世纪版

必修一第二单元Extended reading知识点总结Every Saturday night Mama wouldsit down by the kitchen table and count out the money home.每个星期六的晚上，妈妈都会坐在厨房的桌子旁，数着爸爸带回家的钱。

•countout 点数•sit down 坐下•on Saturday在星期六•by在什么不么旁边•papa had brought home 从句修饰money•bring home 带回家“For the rent." Mama would count out the big silver pieces.“For the groceries/1 Another group of coins.“为了房租。

”妈妈会数出那些大银币。

“买杂货。

”另一组硬币。

•silvery银色的•gold金色的TH need a notebook.0 That would be my sister Christine, my brother Nels or me.“我需要一个笔记本。

”可能是我妹妹克里斯汀，我哥哥内尔斯或者我。

•need to do something 需要做某事•don't need to do something 不需要做某事Mama would put one or two coins to the side. We would watch with anxious interest.妈妈会在旁边放一两个硬币。

我们会焦虑地看着。

At last, Papa would ask, “Is that all?" And when Mama nodded, we could relax a little. Mama would look up and smile, "Good. We do not have to go to the Bank/* 最后，爸爸会问：“就这些吗?”当妈妈点头时，我们就可以了放松一下。

上海外语教育出版社——新世纪英语高一全部课文（包括Additional Reading）及重点词组高一第一学期1. People from all walks of lifeWhen a person grows up, he will take up different occupations in various work places. A society is thus made up of all walks of life. What kind of person do you want to be in the future? The following introductions may give you some idea.TEACHER Teachers are professionals. They work in schools, colleges, universities and other educational institutions. They try their best to help students gain new knowledge and become useful people in society. Teachers are involved in many tasks, such as explaining lessons, giving homework and correcting papers. At the end of every term, they mark test papers and give grades to their students. Actually teachers do more. Often their impact on students stays all through their lives.SURGEON Surgeons, like teachers, are also professionals. As a special group of doctors, surgeons operate on sick people and repair the organs that no longer work properly. Hospitals are their work places. After an operation, a surgeon takes care of the patient’s medical treatment until he gets well. The skills of a surgeon sometimes mean the differences between life and death.SECRETARY A secretary works in an office. The job of a secretary often involves writing letters, answering telephone calls, and receiving people. A secretary stores information on a computer and puts papers in good order in . As a link between the boss and the visitors, a secretary also helps the boss work out plans and timetables. Traditionally, more girls than boys work as secretaries.FASHION MODEL Fashion models wear the latest styles of clothes and show them to us through television, newspapers and magazines. Fashion show programmes usually have a large audience. The clothes and hairstyles of fashion models may seem strange to the elderly, but a large number of young people enjoy following trends and want to be dressed like the models. They collect fashion pictures and admire those superstars of the catwalk.Would you like to be one of the people introduced here? What do you want to do in the future?2. What to choose?Today more and more high school graduates go on to college. Most young people decide their courses of study for themselves. They do not wait for their parents to tell them what career to choose.For example, Jack’s father practices medicine. Even though he wants his son also to become a doctor, he doesn’t insist that Jack study medicine when he finishes high school.He believes that Jack must make up his own mind about his courses of study. His wife, on the other hand, disagrees with him. She thinks that Jack should become a doctor, and so he can become a partner with his father.Jack isn’t sure what he wants to study in college. One day he feels that he’d like to become an engineer. However, the next day he thinks that perhaps he should study business management. Right now he is studying chemistry, biology, and physics. All of them will be useful if he finally chooses to study medicine in college.Jack likes his father’s attitude, and is grateful that his father isn’t forcing him to become a doctor.In some countries parents often decide what careers their children will follow --- especially their sons. Tchaikovsky(柴可夫斯基，1840-1893，俄国作曲家), the composer of Swan Lake(芭蕾舞剧《天鹅湖》), was asked to study law. He, however, didn’t take an interest in it. Tchaikovsky made a great decision on his own. He gave up his government service later and started to study music.Some people think the young are probably going to be successful because they are doing the things they most want to do in life. Many people, however, disagree with them.3. MichelangeloMichelangelo(米开朗琪罗，1475-1564，意大利文艺复兴时期成就卓著的科学家、艺术家) was an Italian artist about 500 years ago. Today he is still remembered as a great sculptor, painter, and architect.Michelangelo came from a poor family. He was trained at an early age like any other craftsman in Italy. At thirteen, he started to work and learn in a workshop. The workshop belonged to one of the leading masters at that time. In the workshop Michelangelo was able to learn all the skills of sculpture. However, he wasn’t satisfied, and went on to study the work of the great masters of the past. Michelangelo worked hard and he mastered one problem after another. By the time he was 30, he was generally regarded as one of the outstanding sculptors of the age.In 1508, Michelangelo was given a task --- to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel(位于罗马梵蒂冈的西斯廷教堂). At first, he tried to turn down this job, saying that he was not really a painter, but a sculptor. Finally, he agreed to do it. He then shut himself up in the chapel, let no one come near him, and got ready to work alone.It took him four years to complete the paintings on the ceiling. Any ordinary person would find it hard to imagine what Michelangelo had gone through in those four years of hard and lonely work. Michelangelo, while working, had to lie on his back and paint. As a result, he became so used to looking upward that when he received a letter during that period, he had to hold it over his head to read it. Finally, the paintings were completed. The great and huge paintings on the ceiling and walls of the chapel have ever since become a fascination to people in Italy and all over the world.Michelangelo left us with a great number of sculptures and paintings. Today his works are still examples for art students to study and follow. Home and overseas visitors can’t help but admire these masterpieces.4. Jim CorriganJim Corrigan, a well-built man in his late 20’s, works in a lar ge hospital. Jim is an X-ray technician. It is his job to develop the many X-ray films that are taken of people’s lungs, stomachs and other body parts.Jim works in a darkroom, a room that is specially equipped for developing film. First he removes the film from the lead plates(金属片) that are used to hold it. Then he feeds the film into a developing machine. It takes about 90 seconds for it to develop. The film is then ready to be examined by a doctor.Jim’s work is important, and both doctors and patients e agerly, often worriedly, wait for the results of his work. Jim doesn’t keep them waiting too long. He is quick and orderly at his job. This would not be unusual except for the fact that Jim Corrigan is blind.“In the beginning it was tricky,” Jim explains,“The film comes in five different sizes. And sometimes I would get them mixed up. But I have never let a mistake get out of the darkroom.” After some time, Jim learned to measure the film by running his fingers over the edges.“I have a system,” explains Jim, “so that I can find things easily in the darkroom. It’s a simple system. I just keep my materials in order and put them back in the same place after I use them. I don’t have to search for anything.”“Jim is quite capable and can be trusted,” says his boss, “I wouldn’t have him working here if he weren’t. And that brings me to the question of handicapped people. You can’t let yourself get upset about them. They want to be treated just like anybody else --- and they should be. They don’t want you to fell sorry for them.”No one has to feel sorry for Jim Corrigan.5. Starting a conversation with a foreigner in EnglishAs you rode on the bus one day, a foreigner sat down beside you. Finally, here was a perfect opportunity for you to practice speaking English with a foreigner, you thought to yourself. But no words came into your head. You were tongue-tied! After 15 minutes, the foreigner got off the bus and you didn’t utter a word! “What a shame!” you said to yourself.If you have had such an experience, don’t feel bad. You’re not alone. What you need is a lesson in small talk. Here are some tips that will show you how to get started.“HELLO” --- A STARTER First, exchange a “Hello” or “Hi” with the foreigner, but at the same time, pay close attention and see if he feels like chatting. Watch his facial expression and body language for cues. Having said his “Hello” or “Hi” in return, does he just stare out of the window or keep reading the book in his hand? That’s the cue for you to stop moving on. Don’t force a conversation on someone who wants to be left alone.But what if the person stops whatever he is doing and looks back or smiles at you? These are positive cues, indicating you can keep talking and start a conversation!SMALL TALK --- THE MAIN COURSE To start a conversation, you should choose a suitable topic. Then, what are the rules for choosing a suitable topic?Perhaps the most universal topic of any conversation is the weather. Everyone has an opinion to share about the weather! Don’t immediately launch into serious topics like politics or religion. And don’t talk about personal matters, either. Stick to familiar subjects of a casual nature such as movies, music, sports, favourite things, or one’s likes and dislikes.Small talk flows naturally. Raise open-ended questions rather than yes-no questions to keep the conversationgoing. Try to find points of connection between you and the person you are chatting with. Offer short comments on what the other person says, and listen attentively when what you say is being commented on. If you get such comments as “That’s interesting.”, “I agree.”, or “Me too.” then you know you’re on the right track.You can have a lot of fun chatting in English with foreigners. They will, too. Try it! Making small talk can be one of life’s pleasures.6. Never too busy for social mannersSo you forgot to answer that party invitation you received. Now, the day has come and gone, and you’re feeling guilty because you never told the host you couldn’t attend.“Don’t allow this oversight(疏忽) to ruin your relationship,” says R. Thomas Boone, a US social psychologist. “I would show up with a bottle of wine and say, ‘I owe(感激，亏欠) you one. I’m really sorry’,” Boone says.Send an e-mail, make a phone call or reach out to the host another way. Whatever the method, do it as soon as possible.If guests don’t answer the invitations on time, the host cannot possibly plan for the correct amount of food and drink. This may lead to hundreds or even thousands of dollars of waste.“Everybody has a busy schedule now,” Boone says. If you know you are forgetful when it comes to making phone calls, try emailing your RSVPs as soon as the invitation arrives. RSVP is the short form of the French phrase “répondez s’il vous plaît”, meaning “Reply, if you please”.The following are some commonly used terms in invitation letters and their meanings. Be sure to know these and answer invitations properly.RSVP, REGRETS ONLY Only guests who can’t attend need reply. You need to give a proper reason why you can’t attend.RSV P BY… Guests should respond with yes or no by the date indicated on the invitation. Setting a date gives guests a deadline. It is also a deadline for the host to connect guests who haven’t reply.RSVP BY E-MAIL Guests can respond by e-mail. Unlike phone calls, e-mails can be sent without regard to time of day or location.7. Holidays and festivals in the United KingdomThere are many national holidays in the United Kingdom. Among them, Easter, and Christmas are two of the most famous.EASTER The date of Easter varies each year. It usually falls in March or April. During the Easter holiday, people give each other chocolate Easter eggs. The eggs are opened and eaten on Easter Sunday. On Good Friday (the day before Easter, when Christians observe the day on which Christ died), hot cross buns(复活节前一个星期五吃的十字面包) are sold. They are toasted and eaten with butter. Easter Monday (the day after Easter) is a Bank Holiday. On that day, banks and other major businesses are closed; people may enjoy a trip to the seaside or watch an exciting sports game, such as football, or horse-racing.CHRISTMAS For most British families, Christmas is certainly the most important holiday of the year. Families decorate their houses in bright colours. Usually a Christmas tree is placed in the front room, shining with coloured lights and interesting decorations.On the morning of Christmas Day (December 25), many people go to church to celebrate the birth of Christ(耶稣基督). In the afternoon, they stay at home and open the gifts that were gathered around the tree. Later, they may watch the Queen appear on television to deliver her traditional Christmas message to the whole country. In the evening, the families sit down to a big goose (sometimes turkey) dinner. They round off the meal with pudding, a Christmas specialty.Many traditions are connected with Christmas. For children, the most important one is that of receiving gifts. On Christmas Eve (December 24), they usually leave a long stocking hanging by the bed or by the fireplace. They hope that Father Christmas will come down the chimney during the night and bring them small presents. They are usually not disappointed!December 26, Boxing Day, is also a public holiday. This is the time to visit friends or watch football. Students have several weeks off school for Christmas.8. How do different cultures around the world celebrate the New Year?Get ready to say good-bye to the old, hello to the new! What’s the occasion? The coming of the New Year.Many Western cultures measure their days with the solar calendar. Therefore, they observe the coming of New Year on January 1. Cultures in Asia and Middle East use other calendars, such as the more ancient lunar calendar. They celebrate the New Year at other times.Events and ceremonies vary from country to country. But in each places, New Year celebrations are a big meal.Most world cultures have been celebrating the New Year for centuries. The earliest New Year celebrations took place during spring or harvest time. With better weather ahead, or plenty of food to eat in winter, people naturally felt like having a party!As the days became longer and as nature renewed itself, people also felt like they could have a new start. Past disappointments could be forgotten. The New Year could bring better fortune, more opportunities and new challenges. Such universal themes remain the same today.Some cultures have unusual New Year traditions. Italians throw old things out of their windows at midnight, symbolizing the departure of the old. Mexicans fire guns into the air to keep away misfortunes.New Year celebrations also involve having fun. Some cultures view the New Year as an opportunity to let off fireworks. In New York City’s Times Square, thousands gather on December 31 to count down the last seconds of the year. A giant silver ball is lowered at the stroke of midnight.London, England, hosts an annual New Year’s Day parade that draws nearly a million spectators. The largest parade in Europe, it features bands and enormous balloons. These balloons are so huge that they tower over nearby buildings!How will you celebrate the New Year? Think about the themes you find meaningful during this season. Do you hope for a new start or a chance to turn over a new leaf? whatever the case, we wish you well. Happy New Year!9. Man’s four-legged friendThe sun was shining and it was warm. Robin, a shepherd, was lying on the grass, enjoying the beautiful sunshine. His guard, a sheepdog, was standing next to him, looking at the flock of sheep.This is only a scene in a movie, but it does give us a real picture showing man’s relationship with dogs. For a long time in history, dogs were not only being raised to work as man’s guards, but they were also being trained to do many other jobs. Some were made to pull carts; others were bred to smell out enemies or track the scent of big animals. In addition to these hunting and working dogs, other breeds came to be used in sports, police work and as pets as well. In a way dogs have become man’s friends and working partners.If you have a dog you love as a pet, you share some of your life with it. The dog lives in your home, keeps you company and goes on trips with you. Dogs rely on their excellent sense of smell to tell things apart. This sharp sense helps man and dogs themselves get over a lot of difficulties.A detective once trained a dog---Sauer. In 1925 while he was thinking hard about how to catch a thief. Sauer worked alone and tracked the thief after covering a distance of 160 kilometres. Sauer did this by scent alone. In 1923 a couple lost their dog Bobbie while they were travelling. Six months later Bobbie turned up at the family house. He had covered a distance of some 3,200 kilometres. The dog had travelled back through the Rocky Mountains in the depths of winter.Dogs are indeed ma n’s best friends. Yet sometimes even the friendliest dog can bring death with its bite! This is not because it has changed in character, but because it has been infected with a terrible disease---rabies(狂犬病). The disease is passed on by a bite from an infected dog at any stage. When an infected person shows symptoms, death is certain to follow shortly after. So, in order to prevent the disease, a person should go to a doctor at once if he has been bitten by a dog. Dogs remain man’s best friends, but we shou ld also try our best to guard against the horrible disease that can be carried by these friends.10. Well done, Spotty!We were walking alone when we saw the Wilkins’ children playing in their yard. The three girls were taking turns pushing a cart. Their one-year-old twin brothers and a big doll were in it. Just as we walked by them, a wheel came off. Freckles, my friend, fixed it for them. Then they all went upstairs to play some games. After a while Mrs Wilkins went out, and left the twins with the girls.Well, it wasn’t much fun for me, and soon I went to sleep.I must have slept pretty hard and pretty long. All of a sudden I woke up and could hardly breathe. Everybody was gone. The room was full of smoke! The house was on fire!I started down the stairs and stumbled over a gray bunch. “That belongs to Freckles,” I thought. “It’s the gray sweater that he likes so much. I might as well take it down to him.”I took the sweater in my mouth and started down again. It weighed so much. So I dropped it on one of the stairs. Then I went back up to look out of a window. I wanted to see why there was so much noise.The whole town was in the front yard and in the street! In the middle of the crowd was Mrs Wilkins, who was carrying on like a mad woman. Mr. Wilkins was jumping up and down and shouting loudly, “I’ve got the babies! I’ve got the babies!” He had a real baby in one arm and the big doll in the other. He was so excited that ha thought he had both babies.Later I heard what had happened. The kids had thought they were escaping with both twins. But one of them had saved the doll and left a twin behind.“Well,” I decided, “I’d better get out of here fast. This place is really beginning to burn!” As I ran down the stairs, I knocked into the gray bunch again. So I picked it up.I got out the back way with that package swinging from my mouth. I walked round to the front yard and set it down very quickly. It let out a cry!“My baby!” shouted Mrs Wilkins. And she started to kiss me and the babies.“Three cheers for Spotty!” everyone shouted at the top of their voices.The butcher made his way through the crowd and gave me a large piece of hamburger and said, “It’s got chicken livers mixed in it.”I liked the way things were, so I wagged my tail.11. Cartoons and comic stripsPeople often find it hard to put their feelings into words. So they keep hunting for new means of expressing their feelings other than words. Cartoons, as such a means, were thus born. Old cartoons, however, did not attract many people until cartoonists had expanded their topics by the end of the 19th century. At around the same time, comic strips came into being.A cartoon is an amusing drawing that deals with something of interest in the news. Comic strips are a set of humorous drawings that tell a f unny story. They make a story appear as a picture in the reader’s mind by showing one or two aspects of an event.There is a cartoon that shows a father and his son. The boy is showing his father his school report, which, unfortunately, gives a very poor grade---2 out of 5. So he does it in a quite unusual way: the report is fastened to one end of a pole while the boy is holding the other and. With the long pole between them, any punishment from the father is out of the question. For the moment, at least, the son is safe.Readers can’t help laughing at the cartoon. But they may also find some food for thought in addition to being amused.Reading cartoons and comic strips had long been a favourite pastime for adults until the beginning of the 20th century. Then some business-minded people found that there might be a good market for children, too. With the improvement of printing and drawing techniques, modern cartoons and comic strips had become children’s favourites by the early 20th (around the 1920s). Since then they have become popular reading materials for people of all ages.Today the characters in cartoons and comic strips range from children to adults, pets to fancy animals, and ordinary people to superheroes. Micky Mouse and Garfield the Cat make children think and imagine actively. Superman and Batman bring villains of all sorts to justice. Father and Son expresses human love and sympathy in lively comic strips. Their names have become household words. They are only a few outstanding products in the field.Today the digital revolution has brought new life to the making of cartoons and comic strips. Therefore many people think that computer-made comics will in the end replace hand-drawn ones. However, just as the human mind will never give way completely to the computer, hand-drawn comics will never die, but will remain a special means of expressing human feelings.12. Rockwell and his worksNorman Rockwell was a famous American illustrator and cover artist. Many of his works had become well-known by the middle of the 20th century. Critics spoke highly of his works. For example, according to one critic, “Most artists affect us by surprising us. Rockwell affects us by giving us exactly what we expect.” The following are just a few examples of his magazine covers.Cover one One of the best-known of all Rockwell’s covers! This painting is made up of two parts: the upper and the lower. Each detail in the lower picture is carefully matched with something in the upper part, so the result is kind of humorous. In t his way, the painting presents the children’s moods in a sharp contrast: very happy when setting out and very tired and bored when coming back.Cover two This painting shows Rockwell’s skills as a story teller. It tells an ordinary story about a school boy. The boy is busy with his studies. Outside the window a fishing pole is ready, and the boy’s dog is waiting impatiently. To the boy, these last days of schoolwork before the summer vacation seem the longest. They appear more so as the final examination is drawing near. This is an old story of school children, but Rockwell tells it vividly in a simple way. Cover three In this painting, a young mother is trying hard to make up her mind: to spank or to spare her naughty child. The broken clock on the floor suggests that the child has behaved in an entirely natural manner. When a hammer is within his reach, he breaks something with the hammer! At the time the painting was completed, the Rockwells were already parents. So the cover story perhaps describes the ar tist’s own life experience. With this experience, Rockwell could make every detail come alive in this painting.13. A brief look at two metropolisesNEW YORK In the 19th century, a businessman predicated that New York was going to become the centre of the world. His prediction has partly come true. Today, New York is often regarded as one of the financial and cultural capitals of the Western World. The United Nations has its headquarters in the city as well.New York, where the world-famous twin towers of the World Trade Center were once located, is known as a city of skyscrapers. There are parks, great museums, art galleries, grand theatres and cinemas for visitors as well. However, like many other cities in the world, New York also has its own problems---noise, air pollution, crimes, traffic jams, and slums. Still, the fast, exciting pace of life in New York City is fascinating and this may be a reason why the city continues to fascinate more and more people.LONDON London was once known as a city of fog. At that time, many Londoners did not expect that their city would change for the better. However, heavy fog is now rarely seen in London.As a city with a long history, London has also gone through many changes. The days are gone when horse-drawn carriages were a common sight in the street. Now London is famous for its excellent underground service and the red double-deckers have become a symbol of the city. The second half of the 20th century saw great changes in the city. Skyscrapers have sprung up; business centres for the 21st century are also growing fast.However, London has kept its heart. People can still enjoy themselves with a cup of tea in Convent Garden(科文特加登广场). Some of the narrow roads that lead to churches are still there, taking people back to London’s old days. Although there are such concerns as heavy traffic, crowded shops and dirty streets in some areas, to many people, London remains the most interesting and wonderful city in the world.14. The time capsule of Colorado SpringsIn 1901, the citizens of Colorado Springs(科罗拉多泉市) in the USA decided to collect everyday items and to seal them in a steel box. The box was marked “To be opened after midnight, December 31st, AD 2000”, and was stored in the Colorado College Library.One hundred years later, on the appointed day, 300 people gathered to watch the opening of the box. Many in the crowd were in very good condition. There were newspapers, photographs, diaries, name cards, family trees, books and dozens of letters, including one written by Theodore Roosevelt(西奥多·罗斯福，美国第26任总统), who became the President of the USA later that year. One of Roosevelt’s friends lived in Colorado Springs at that time.Many of the letters were addressed to their descendants. They describe the hopes that the people of 1901 had for the people of the next century. At that time, Colorado Springs had just a few thousand residents. Now nearly half a million people live there.Colorado College Library has scanned the materials and put them on a website. Cecil Muller, whose grandfather had placed a collection of postcards in the box, said that the time capsule was a great treasure. “This is a wonderful educational resource. We can learn so much about our history,” he said. “I never knew my grandfather, but now I feelclose to him.”In April 2001, a committee filled the time capsule with items from modern Colorado Springs and resealed it for another hundred years.15. The growth of the InternetThe Internet began as a tool to connect universities and government research centres through a nationwide network. It would allow a large number of computers to exchange information and share resources. Its development was pushed forward by ARPA---the Advanced Research Projects Agency, which was established in the United States in 1958. In 1969 ARPA began to focus on communications technology. Then in the early 1970s, the ARPA net came into being. This network laid the foundation for the Internet. In 1972, electronic mail was introduced.At the same time in Europe, researchers were struggling with their own computer networking problems. In 1989, a scientist proposed the World Wide Web project. Over the next year or two, the proposal was discussed and revised, which resulted in the programme called the World Wide Web. In 1992, its browser software was introduced to the public.The early browsers functioned well but were not “user-friendly”. In 1993, a group of graduated students in the USA created Mosaic---a “browser” programme. Mosaic was pleasing to the eye and easy to use---just point and click. Netscape(美国网景公司) and then Microsoft followed with browsers that greatly simplified the process of surfing the Internet in search of information.Today, the Internet is changing our life style, cultural patterns, business practices, and ways of learning and doing research. It helps people keep up to date on world events, find a cheap flight, play games, and discuss everything from apples to space technology. An increasing number of people shop and bank on the Internet; many do business online. It enables people to browse online hundreds of thousands of magazines and books in libraries worldwide.The Internet is not owned or controlled by any company or nation. People can use the Net at home, in offices, at schools and universities, in public libraries or “cyber cafes”. It connects people in different countries instantly through computers, satellites, and phone lines. It is making our life easier and more efficient.“The Global Village” was coined to describe how radio and television had changed the world in the 20th century. In the 21st century, it seems the Internet is sure to have an even greater influence.16. HackingBy the end of 1946, technology had advanced so greatly as to make the electronic computer a part of life. The year 1976 saw the appearance of a more advanced type of computer, which was performing 100 million calculations a second. This record, however, was quickly rewritten. The fast development of computer speed brings endless benefits to human life. There are always two sides to a thing, though.There are problems with using computers and storing useful data in them. In 1988, a US official said that a German student had been regularly reading their top secret papers. That student had been able to carry out his break-ins without leaving ho me. That was a typical example of “hacking”. A “hacker” is a highly skilled computer user who spends his free time reading the secret files of others.A hacker needs only to discover the password that gives entry to a network. With clever guesswork, this can be done simply by trying again and again.A lot of hackers are only in it for fun---like Robert Schifreen and Steve Gold, who had read all the data in Prince Philip’s electronic mailbox before the police discovered the hacking.The possibility for hackers to commit crimes is great. In the 1980s some experts pointed out that American banks were losing up to $5,000 million a year to computer crimes. Once a hacker gained entry to a bank’s system, he could order it to move large sums of money to another bank in a foreign country---just what a traditional robber would do.Today computers are making life easier and far more comfortable. The evils, however, are also growing with the development of computer knowledge and techniques. It seems that the struggle against computer crimes will continue into the future.。

上海新世纪版英语高一下册同步复习Unit3总结知识精讲：一、词汇Words1. offend v.冒犯，得罪，使．．．不愉快e. g. She was offended with her husband.offence n. 犯罪，冒犯，违反，罪过offensive adj. 讨厌的，无礼的，攻击性的批注：与形近词defend，defense进行区别2. avoid n．避免，消除avoid + n. /avoid + doing sth.e. g. France and the United Kingdom, hoping to avoid war, allowed Nazi Germany to take over parts ofCzechoslovakia.批注：常考后面只能接doing的动词有admit, appreciate, excuse, stand, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, give up, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, understand, keep on, mind, risk, miss, put off, delay, practise, resist, suggest, depend on, think about, set about, succeed in, worry about, burst out, insist on, can't help, f eel like, be used to, get used to, devote…to…, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to, escape 等。

如：They went on walking and never stopped talking.3. prefer v. 宁愿，更喜欢(preferred, preferred)prefer to do A rather than do Bprefer doing A to doing Bprefer A to Be. g. He prefers to stay at home watching TV rather than go to the cinema.He prefers walking to jogging.I prefer green tea to black tea.批注：would rather do A than do B或would do A rather do B4. include v．包括e. g. The list included most of the things Tom loves.【比较】contain, involve(1) contain包含e. g. A molecule can contain atoms of the same element or atoms of different elements.(2) involve 涉及involve sth. /doing sth. be/get involved in sth.e. g. All the children were involved in the play.批注：1. contain=to have within itself:包含；容纳，指较大事物中所包括的可分离的部分，是具体的实体。

Exercise 5 (Additional Reading)I.Expressions:1.冒险进入浓密的丛林risk entering the thick bush2.试图intend to do3.发现，弄清楚find out4.开辟新天地break new ground5.赢得某人的信赖earn one’s trust6.热带雨林rain forests7.因此as a result8.对….了解甚少know very little about…..9.坚持单独进入丛林insist on going into the bush alone10.收集信息collect information11.对…赛车充满激情(with/ have) a passion for car racing12.连同，和…一起along with13.在…的身边by one’s side14.花数小时观察花园里的虫子spend hours studying worms in the garden15.从….高中毕业graduate from high school16.担任秘书work as a secretary17.the world-renowned anthropologists世界文明的人类学家18.雇用她为助手hire her as an assistant19.Goodall的热情给他留下了深刻的印象Goodall’s enthusiasm impressed him. = He was impressed with/ by Goodall’s enthusiasm20.推荐她去参加一个两年的研究项目recommend her to a two-year research project21.既没有大学学位又没有受过科学的训练with neither a college degree nor scientific training22.如此一项要求很高的任务such a demanding task23.信赖某人have trust in sb.24.证明他们是错的prove them wrong25.作为回报，反过来in return26.逐渐地把“这个白色的类人猿”看作是他们的朋友grow to regard “this white-skinned ape” as their friend27.做出了一些惊人的发现make a number of surprising discoveries28.体验各种各样的情感experience a wide range of emotions29.一个具有重大意义的突破 a significant breakthrough30.使她成为二十世纪最著名的科学家之一make her one of the best-known scientists of the 20th century。

词组整理第一学期Unit 11. 各行各业的人： people from all walks of life 22. 跟从潮流： follow tends2. 从事不一样的职业： take up different 23. 穿得像时装模特： be dressed like fashionoccupations models3. 长大： grow up 24. 等候某人做某事： wait for sb to do sth4. 教育机构： educational institutions 25. 行医： practise medicine5. 在每个学期末： at the end of every term 26. 固然，只管： even through6. 获取 / 学习新知识： gain new knowledge 27. 坚持 /执意让某人做某事： insist (that) sb7. 参加 / 忙于好多工作： be involved in many (should) do sthtasks 28. 下定信心做某事： make up one’s mind to 8. 老师对于学生的影响： teacher’s impact on do sthstudents 29. 和他建议不一样： disagree with him9. 贯串 / 连续某人一世： stay all through one ’s 30. 另一方面： on the other handlives 31. 逼迫某人做某事： force sb to do sth10. 由构成： be made up of 32. 对产生兴趣： take an interest in sth11. 给病人做手术： operate on sick people 33. 做决定： make a decision12. 治疗： medical treatment 34. 单独： on one’s own13. 意味着存亡之别： mean the difference 35. 放弃： give upbetween life and death 36. 签到： check in14. 接听电话： answer the telephone calls 37. 高中 /大学毕业： graduate from high15. 招待来访者： receive visitors school/university16. 被以为是： be regarded as 38. 对表示感谢： be grateful to sb for doing17. 把文件排放齐整： put papers in good order sth18. 制定时间表： work out timetables 39. 从那时起： from then on19. 衣着最新款的衣服： be dressed in the latest 40. 照料： take care ofstyles of clothes 41. 愈来愈多的： more and more20. 大批的观众： a large audience 42. 尽最大的努力做某事： do one’s best to do21. 好多年轻人： a large number of young sthpeople 43. 面带自信的浅笑： wear a confident smileUnit 21. 作为而被人切记： be remembered as 9. 开初，一开始： at first2. 在年龄还小时 at an early age 10. 拒绝，谢绝： turn down3. 属于 belong to 11. 把某人关起来： shut sb up4. 可以做某事： be able to do sth 12. 准备好了单独工作： get ready to work5. 一个接一个的问题：one problem after aloneanother 13. 某人花去做某事：it takes sb sth to do sth6. 到从前，不迟于bu the time 14. 感觉很难想象： find it hard to image7. 被公以为： be generally regarded as 15. 经历： go through8. 优秀的雕塑家之一：one of the outstanding 16. 仰卧： lie on one ’s backsculptors 17. 结果： as a result18. 习惯于向上看： become/be used to looking 30. 工作又快又有序： be quick and orderly atupwards one’s job19. 把信举过头顶： hold the letter over his hand 31. 除了： except for sth20. 留给某人某物： leave sb with sth 32. 弄乱，弄错： mix up21. 不由得： can ’t help but do 33. 使某物（寄存）有序： keep sth in order22. 不由自主 /不得不： can’thelp doing sth 34. 有能力做： be capable of doing sth23. 国内外的观光者： home and overseas 35. 找寻： search forvisitors 36. 不任凭 /任由某人做某事： won ’thave sb24. 赏识这些杰作： admire these masterpieces doing sth25. 在某人 20 多岁的时候： in one’s 20’s 37. 怜悯某人： feel sorry for sb26. 冲印胶片： develop films 38. 不是而是： not but27. 让他们等太久： keep them waiting too long 39. 过去的： of the past28. 装备有： be equipped with 40. 到现在： ever since29. 等候考试的结果： wait for the result of the 41. 整个世界： all over the worldexamination 42. 面对很多困难： meet with a lot ofdifficultiesUnit 31. 一次做的良机： a perfect opportunity for 21. 不一样： rather thansb to do 22. 摸着路子： on the right track2. 练习做某事： practis doing sth 23. 对某事做出评论： offer comment on sth3. 内心想： think to oneself 24. 专注地听： listen attentively4. 多惋惜啊！真遗憾啊！：what a shame! 25. 做某事有很大乐趣：have a lot of fun doing5. 闲聊，聊天： small talk sth6. 开始： get started 26. 大范围 /广阔的话题： a wide range of topics7. 与某人互换某物： exchange sth with sb 27. 社会意理学家： a social psychologist8. 用 A 来换 B ： exchange A for B 28. 对感觉愧疚： feel guilty about9. 想要做某事： feel like doing sth 29. 切记这条规则： keep the rule in the mind10. 察看他的面部表情和肢体语言：watch his 30. 赞同某人做某事：allow sb to do sthfacial expression and body language 31. 出现： show up11. 把某事强加在某人身上：force sth on sb 32. 与某人获得联系：reach out to sb12. 像一个人呆着： want to be left alone 33. 致使： lead to13. 作为回应： in return 34. 当波及某事时： when it comes to sth/doing14. 踊跃的示意： positive cues sth15. 最一般的话题： the most universal topic 35. 必定要，务必： be sure to do sth16. 忽然开始： launch into 36. 不考虑，不管： without regard to17. 政治宗教类的严肃话题：serious topics like 37. 约会 /预定： make an appointmentpolitics and religion 38. 推延约会 /预定： put off an appointmen 18. 紧扣轻松性质的主题：stick to subjects of a 39. 撤消约会 /预定： cancel an appointmentcasual nature 40. 遵约： keep an appointment19. 某人的喜恶： one;s like and dislike 41. 忘了做某事： forget to do sth20. 发问题： raise a question 42. 假如将会怎么样： what ifUnit 41. 落在（某一天）： fall on 18. 庆贺新年的到来： observe the coming of2. 主要的商铺： major businesses New Year3. 用娇艳的颜色装修房屋：decorate their 19. （依据状况）变化： vary fromtohouses in bright colors 20. 重要的事情： a big deal4. 彩灯： coloured lights 21. 发生： take place5. 做星期： go to church 22. 保持原样： remain the same6. 庆贺耶稣的诞辰： celebrate the birth of 23. 象征则往事物的走开：symbolize theChrist departure of the old7. 观看女王出此刻电视上：watch the Queen 24. 使恶运远离： keep away misfortuneappear on the television 25. 把视为： viewas8. 发布演说： deliver a message/speech 26. 燃放烟火： let off fireworks9. 坐下来开始吃晚饭： sit down to a dinner 27. 倒计时： count down10. 以圆满结束： round off the meal with 28. 降下一个巨大的银球：lower a giant silver11. 与相关： be connected with ball12. 在圣诞夜： on Christmas Eve 29. 子夜钟声敲响时： at the storke of midnight13. 在床边挂上袜子： leave a long stocking 30. 举行一年一度的游行：host an annualhanging by the bed parade14. 放几个星期的假： have several weeks off 31. 吸引上百万观众： draw a million spectators15. 家庭聚会： family reunion 32. 高于 /超出邻近的建筑：tower over nearby16. 准备好做某事： get ready to do sth buildings17. 以公历 / 农历计算日期： measure the days 33. 打开新的一页： turn over a new leafwith the solar/lunar calendar 34. 在的旅行： a trip to35. 就而言： forUnit 51. 充任： work as 20. 出现： turn up2. 嗅出： smell out 21. （尤指困难而迟缓地）朝行进： make3. 除以外： in addition to one’s way4. 在某种程度上： in a way 22. 和，还有： and as well5. 和做伴： keep sb company 23. 依靠： rely on6. 把划分开来： tell sth apart 24. 敏锐的嗅觉： sharp sense of smell7. 成功地办理 /对付： get over 25. 走的距离： cover a distance of8. 严冬： in the depths of winter 26. 感染可怕的疾病： be infected with a terrible9. 把传给： pass on to disease10. 防备发生： guard against 27. 在任何阶段： at any stage11. 过了一会儿： after a while 28. （车轮）零落： (a wheel) come off12. 忽然： all of a sudden 29. 属于： belong to13. 仍是为好： might as well 30. 把某人留在后边： leave sb behind14. 吵喧华闹；异样行为：carry on 31. 大声地： at the top of one ’s voice15. 萍水相逢，有时遇见：knock into 32. 它给我们一个显现的真切画面：it gives16. 发出哭声： let out a cry us a real picture showing17. 轮番 / 挨次做某事： take turns doing 33. 人类与狗的关系： man’s relationship with18. 一群羊： a flock of sheep dogs19. 追踪的气味： track the scent of 34. 嗅出： smell out35. 工作伙伴： working partners 41. 为了防备疾病： in order to prevent the36. 与旅行： go on a trip with disease37. 依靠做某事： rely on sth to do sth 42. 全力做某事： try one ’s best to do sth38. 冥思苦想： think hard about 43. 充满： be full of39. 带来死亡： bring death with sth 44. 捡起： pick sth up40.不是，而是： not ,butUnit 61. 用文字来（表达）：putinto words 24. 仍旧是表达人类感情的方式：remain a2. 不一样于，除了： rather than means of expressing human feelings3. 出现，出生： come into being 25. 和相当： be matched with4. 一组，一套： a set of 26. 有点风趣： kind of humorous5. 不行能： out of the question 27. 使得每个细节绘声绘色：make every detail6. 没问题： out of question come alive7. 暂时，目前： for the moment 28. 发现做某事很难： find it hard to do sth8. 引人沉思的事物：food for thought 29. 坚持找寻： keep hunting for9. 各年龄层次的人：people of all ages 30. 事情的一或双方面： one or two aspects of10. 将某人缉捕归案：bring sb into justice an event11. 让位于： give way to 31. 在的开始： at the beginning of12. 存心义，有道理：make sense 32. 五分之二： 2 out of 5 / 2 in 513. 实质上，其实： as a matter of fact 33. 经过一种不一样平常的方法：in a quite14. 吹毛求疵，挑剔：find fault with sb/sth unusual way15. 对评论很高： speak highly of 34. 起码： at least16. 对照鲜亮： in a sharp contrast 35. 各种各种的恶人： villains of all sorts17. （时间）邻近： draw near 36. 给带来重生： bring new life to18. 伸手可及的范围内：within one ’s reach 37. 正如： just as19. 被固定在： be fasten to 38. 由构成： be made up of20. 跟着绘画技术的改良：with the 39. 忙于某事： be busy with sthimprovement of drawing techniques 40. 下定信心做某事： make up one’s mind to 21. 波及风趣的东西： deal with something of do sthinterest 41. 用一种完好自然的方式：in a entirely22. 范围从到： range fromto natural manner23. 人人皆知： household words 42. 描绘的经历： describe one’s experienceUnit 71. 美术馆： art galleries 9. 感觉和很亲密： feel close to sb2. 生活节奏： pace of life 10. 实现： come true3. 世界贸易中心： the World Trade Center 11. 交通堵塞： traffic jams4. （上下班）顶峰时间，交通拥堵时间： rush 12. 被称作雾都： be known as a city of foghour 13. 变好： change for the better5. 各种各种的： a variety of 14. 经历很多变化： go through many changes6. 缆车，吊车： cable car 15. 街头常景： a common sight in the street7. 高架铁路： elevated railway 16. 忽然出现，浮现： spring up8. 很多： dozens of 17. 保持自己的传统特点： keep its heart18. 完美的地铁服务： excellent underground 24. 连续做某事： continue to do sthservice 25. 以有名： be famous for19. 城市的象征： a symbol of the city 26. 20 世纪下半叶： the second half of the 20 th20. 在指定的那一天： on the oppointed day century21. 完好无缺： in very good condition 27. 目睹巨大变化： see great changes22. 写信给后代后辈： address the letter to the 28. 将人们带回伦敦从前的日子：take peopledescendent back to London ’s old day23. 部分实现： partly come trueUnit 81. 全国性的网络： a nationwide network 25. 定会： be sure to do sth2. 为打下基础： lay the foundation for 26. 产生更大的影响： have an even great3. 使获取，致使： result in influence4. 查找，找寻： in search of 27. 每秒运转 1 亿次运算： perform 100 million5. 帮助人们对世界大事保持实时认识：help calculations asecondpeople keep up to date on world events 28. 给人类生活带来无量无尽的利处：bring6. 网吧： cyber caf éendless benefits to human life7. 美国国防部高级研究计划署：ARPA 29. 连续到未来： continue into the future8. 绝密： top secret 30. 事情的两个方面： two sides to a thing9. 泄露，流露： leak out 31. 点击： point and click10. 启动： boot up 32. 为了高兴： for fun11. （计算机）进入 /退出系统： log on/off 33. 与电脑犯法的斗争： the struggle against12. 犯法： commit crimes computer crimes13. 直到（数目）： up to 34. 推动发展： push forward the development14. 参加，进入： gain entry to 35. 出现： come into being15. 大笔钱款： large sums of money 36. 与斗争： struggle with16. 赞同某人做某事： allow sb to do sth 37. 一组，一群： a group of17. 互换信息和共享资源： exchange 38. 上网： surf the Internetinformation and share resources 39. 跟上时代的步伐： keep pace of18. 专注于通信技术： focus on communications 40. 愈来愈多的人们： an increasing number oftechnology people19. 看上去很悦目： be pleasing to the eye 41. 不计其数： hundreds of thousands of.20. 简化的过程： simplify the process of 42. 在 1946 从前： by the end of 194621. 文化模式： cultural patterns 43. 生活的一部分： a part of life22. 商业行为： business practices 44. 的问题： the problem with23. 造词： coin a word 45. 推行： carry out24. 使某人能做某事： enable sb to sth 46. 指出： point out第二学期Unit 11. 一般来说： generally speaking 4. 很多海路： a number of sea routes2. 在国定假期时： on national holidays 5. 门路有名的长江三峡： pass through the3. 取决于： depend on famous Three Gorges6. 的首选： the first choice for 21. 解决；（从一批中）挑出：sort out7. 有限的时间： limited time 22. 导游： a tour guide8. 省时优势： the time-saving advantage 23. 历史名胜： historic/historical sites9. 旅行胜地： popular tourist 24. 名胜遗迹： places of historical interestattractions/destinations 25. 依靠于： depend on10. 准时： on schedule 26. 计划做某事： plan to do sth11. 谈及 / 提到： speaking of 27. 路上的景色： the passing scenery12. 时间紧急： be pressed for time 28. 制定认真和详尽的计划：make careful and13. 供给优秀的服务： offer fairly good services detailed plans14. 简而言之： in brief 29. 景色点： scenic spots15. 来回票： a round-trip ticket 30. 假日胜地： a holiday resort16. 旅行指南： a travel brochure 31. 快车： an express train17. 在永远居住地： at the permanent habitat 32. 直抵列车： a non-stop train18. 被围绕： be surrounded by 33. 因为，因为： due to19. 伸手可及的： within arm ’s reach 34. 不单还： not onlybut also20. 司仪： a master of ceremonies 35. 手工艺： art of handicraftUnit 21. 感觉无与伦比： there’s no feeling like 15. 毫无疑问： without doubt2. 参加一个特意的课程：take a special class 16. 没法用语言形容： beyond words3. 换上（衣服）： change into 17. 倡始一场广告宣传运动： launch an4. 接收来自于导游的提示：receive advertising campaigninstructions from guide 18. 获取浅笑致谢： be greeted with a smile5. 恐高： be afraid of heights 19. 在上排名很高： rank high on the list of6. 向上通向： lead up to 20. 被特别重视、赏识： be very appreciated by7. 很快地过去，飞逝： speed by 21. 提出问题： raise a question8. 映入眼帘： come into view 22. 与相关： have something to do with9. 俯视整个城市： have a bird ’s-eye views of 23. 指出： point outthe city 24. 准备： prepare for sth10. 为感觉骄傲： feel proud of/take pride 25. 个人财富： personal belongingsin/pride oneself on 26. 超出，超出： tower over11. 向四周八方眼神： extend in all directions 27. 知足于做某事： be content to do sth12. 乐于做某事： be ready to do sth 28. 实现某人的梦想： fulfill one ’s dream13. 马上，一会儿： in an instant 29. 出发向顶部： set out towards the top14. 国内外的旅客： tourists at home and abroadUnit 31. 最好做某事： had better do sth 8. 空中服务员： flight attendants2. 大声叫： call out 9. 进入这一行业： enter the profession3. 或许已经做过某事： may have done sth 10. 更独爱的术语： the preferred terms4. 被尊敬的感觉： a sense of being respected 11. 公正对待： treat fairly5. 做的试试： an attempt to do sth 12. 相关种族和残疾的问题： issues of race and6. 重申： put/lay emphasis on disability7. 为乘客服务： serve passengers 13. 坚持： insist on14. 有义务 / 不得不做某事： be obliged to do sth 25. 不合时宜： out-of-date15. 与时俱进： change with the times 26. 不再流行： out of style16. 好多： quite a few 27. 记着： keep/bear in mind17. 充满着： be filled with 28. 笔友： pen pal18. 诉苦： complain about 29. 冲犯某人： offend sb19. 通向成功沟通的道路：the road to 30. 比方说： for examplesuccessful communication 31. 比起更喜爱： prefer A to B20. 创建（时机）： make (opportunities) up 32. 结果： as a result21. 把裸露在： expose A to B 33. 反应出的趋势： reflect the trend of22. 培育好习惯： cultivate good habits 34. 很多： quite a few23. 合适某人的程度： be appropriate for one ’s 35. 同时： at the same timelevel 36. 花时间做某事： spend time on sth24. 对产生踊跃的影响：have a positiveeffect onUnit 41. 主动提出做某事：offer to do sth 20. 背叛： sell sb out2. 开车送某人其某地：dirve sb to sp 21. 常常会，趋势于： tend to do sth3. （把车）停在车道：pull into the driveway 22. 信不信由你： believe it or not4. 向退后开；放弃：back off 23. 被以为是： be judged as5. 和某人沟通： communicate with sb 24. 对自己不自信： be unsure of oneself6. 把传达给某人： communicate sth to sb 25. 不理解，对感觉迷惑：be confused7. 眼中无声的信号：silent signals in one ’s at/by/about/witheyes 26. 一次又一次： time and time again8. 惹起某人的注意和思疑：arouse one’s 27. 向某人致歉： apologize to sb for sthattention and suspicion 28. 刚巧碰到： bump into9. 和某人进行眼光沟通：make eye contact 29. 仿佛： as ifwith sb 30. 意识到： be/become aware of10. 和某人沟通眼神： exchange looks with sb 31. 莫非你敢试着做： don’tyou dare try to do11. 和某人保持眼光沟通：keep in contact with sthsb 32. 伸出手（想法抓住）： reach out for sth12. 成立在的基础上： be based on 33. 把从转移到： shiftfromto13. 注意力分别： lack of attention 34. 很受欢迎： go down well14. 小声沟通： chat in very low voices 35. 掌握： have a good grasp of sth15. 需要： call for 36. 面部表情： facial expressions16. 挣脱： be clear of 37. 保持姿势： hold your posture17. 身体语言： body language 38. 在方面有问题： have many issues with18. 正确地指出： put one’s finger on sth19.至于，对于： as toUnit 51. 指挥初次公然演出： conduct the first public 3. 20 世纪上半叶： the first part of the 20 thperformance century2. 被以为是： be regarded as4. 进入一家音乐学校学习：enter a music 27. 公布对 的禁令： place/lay/put a ban on sthschool28. 以一种狂野浪漫的方式：in a wildly5. 以（在某方面的）优秀成绩：with greatromantic mannerhonors in sth29. 充满了时机： be full of opportunities6. 巡回演出： on tour30. 出现： turn up7. 离职： quit one ’s job 31. 成绩得全优： get straight A ’s8. 招来某人（帮忙）： call in sb 32. 形成了自己的风格： develop one ’s own9. 作为 顶替某人： fill in sb as sthstyle10. 被报以 ： be greeted with sth 33. 让时机从指间溜走： let the chance slip11. 不需要借助： without the help of through one ’s fingers 12. 暂时： at very short notice 34. 在很小的时候： at an early age 13. 通读它： read it through35. 由 构成： consist of14. 对待 的严肃态度： strict attitude36. 因为厌烦随时可能做： be ready to do sthtowardswith boredom15. 对作曲家本义的忠实：loyalty to the 37. 完好清醒： be wide awakecomposer ’s intention38. 赞同： approve of16. 把 撕成粉碎： tear sth into pieces39. 把某人培育成一个古典音乐家：make a17. 利用各种方法去做某事： make use of everyclassical musician of sbmeans to do sth40. 需要时间： it takes time 18. 不知道说什么： at a loss for words/what to41. 跳上舞台： leap onto the stagesay42. 回想曲谱的每一个音节：recall every note19. 苦苦考虑： think hardof the score20. 切合某人的要求：43. 变残疾： be physically challenged fulfill44. 光阴： time and tidedemands45. 进行一次检查： conduct a surveyfill46. 当众： in publicone's needmeet47. 对音乐有鉴赏力： have got a good ear forrequirementssatisifymusic21. 喜极而泣： weep for joy48. 对音乐无判断力： be no judge of music 22. 使某人免受处罚： spare sb from punishment 49. 因 而有名： be known well for 23. 打某人一巴掌： slap one;s face 50. 选 作职业： choose/take upas a career 24. 因为 而受到攻击： be attack for 51. 抚育： bring up25. 拒绝做某事： refuse to do sth52. 以职业为中心的： career-oriented 26. 抗议对 的禁令： protest against the ban on53. 疯了： go madsth54. 大批的： scores ofUnit 61. 纵身超出： throw oneself through 7. 没有例外： without exception2. 席卷： sweepup8. 为 而骄傲： be proud of/take pride in/pride3. 冒着生命危险： risk one ’s life to do sth/takeoneself onthe risk of doing sth 9. 硬币大小的一个洞： a hole the size of a4. 代表： on behalf ofcoin5. 动作片： action movie10. 被撞得失掉知觉： be knocked unconscious 6. 糊口： make a living11. 认可做某事： admit doing sth12. 完好没有必需做某事： there’s absolutely no 21. 宽泛的： a wide range ofneed to do sth 22. 依靠某人（要某事）： rely on sb for sth13. 炫耀某事： brag about sth 23. 迄今为止： so far14. 代人受过： take the fall 24. 以为特点： feature sth15. 活生生的奇观： a walking miracle 25. 票房表现好 /不好： perform well/poorly at16. 体力耐受力： physical endurance the box office17. 坚持做某事： insist on doing sth 26. 挑战极限： challenge one ’s limit18. 成为现实： become a reality 27. 出类拔萃： second to none19. 提示某人某事： remind sb of sth 28. 做特技： do/perform one ’s stunts20. 使某人失掉一大笔钱： cost sb a fortune 29. 民众形象： public imageUnit 71.以为目的： aim at2.毫无疑问： without doubt3.重申对的需要： emphasize the needfor4.占有了主要地位： take the prime position5.通栏标题： a headline which runs the fullwidth of the page6.被设置为主题： be set in a bold type7.过多关注： too much concentration on8.划清界线： draw a line between9.被引诱做某事： be tempted to do sth10.思想学派： school of thought11. 这类方法的问题：the trouble with thisapproach12.达到相同的标准： be dressed to the samehigh standard13.一致感： a sense of unity14.相当简单的事情： a fairly simple matter15.失掉名誉： lose one’s reputation16.庆贺成功： celebrate the victory17.被授与：(sth) be awarded to sb; (sb) beawarded sth18.最有名的体坛人物： the most famous sportsfigure19. 在第一轮中被裁减：be eliminated in thefirst round20. 鼓掌庆贺这个城市的成功：applaud thecity ’s success21. 灯火透明： be brightly lit22. 由衷的喝彩和笑声：heartfelt cheers andlaughter23. 忽然哭出来： burst out crying/burst intotears24. 充满了欢喜的人群：be alive with cheerfulcrowds25. 涌入市中心： pour into the city centre26. 在无量的长队中等候：wait in the endlessqueues27.挤满了来访者： be crammed with visitors28.中华世纪坛： the China MillenniumMonument29.不计其数的人： thousands upon thousandsof people30.往常做法是： it is common practice that31.降低商品的价值： reduce the value of thegoods32.中标： win the bid33.吸引某人的注意力： catch one’s eye34. 一天中最重要的事： the most importanthappenings of the day35. 登载索引： carry an index36. 一个简短的当天气象预告： a brief weatherforecast for the day37.确立的地点： locate sth38.在的思虑： thought over sth39.对的重申： emphasis placed on sth40.把描绘成： describe sth as sth41.拥有的看法： hold/take the view that42. 2008 年夏天奥运会的东道主： the host forthe 2008 Summer Olympic Games43.迸发出的喝采和掌声： cheering, applaudingand waving of flags broke out44. 申办 2008 年奥运会的成功： success in its 47. 表达某人的感情： express one’s feelingsbid to host the 2008Olympic Games 48. 狂喜不已： wild with joy45. 宣告： announce that 49. 参加做某事： join sb in doing sth46. 点亮夜空： light up the night sky 50. 获悉的信息： learn about the news Unit 81.肥皂剧： soap drama2.假如那样： in that case3.受欢迎： be popular among4.获取： take out5.审视： glance at6.每两周： every other week7.顾及： cater for8.仅举数例： to name just a few9.喜爱： care for sth10.赠品： an added bonus11.坐靠在安乐椅里： sit back in one ’s easychair12.按动遥控器： operate the remote control13.感兴趣的节目： a programme of interest14. 为了钱而与某人争执：argue with sb overmoney15. 通告它数目有限的礼品：announce itslimited offer16.调到 12 频道： switch to Channel 1217.以便宜的 10 美元价钱： at the bargain priceof $1018.定阅 12 期的《全球》： subscribe to the 12issues of Round-the-World19. 大千世界一手掌握：the world at finger tips20. 世界各大旅行景点：every chief touristattraction in the world21.务必在信中附上 10 美元支票或汇票： besure to enclose a cheque or money order for $1022.撤消定阅： cancel one’s subscription23.难以相信地： in disbelief24.最新一期 /过期： the latest/back issue25. 大众娱乐的主要方式：the main source ofpopular entertainment 26. 优秀教育的上层阶级：the well-educatedupper class27.插图杂志： illustrated magazine28.面向大众读者： address the general public29.影响人的看法： shape opinion30.意识到的意义： realize the significant of31.杂志业： the magazine industry32.许多于 24 种的杂志： no fewer than 2 dozenmagazines33. 20 世纪早期的气氛： the atmosphere of theearly decades of the 20 th century34. 经过图片表现的即时新闻的理念： theconcept of instant news through picture35.不得不做某事： be forced to do sth36.以盈余为主要目的： become moreprofit-oriented37. 和大众电子媒体一争高低：compete withthe popular electronic media38.时候，出现： (time) witnessed theappearance of39.社会压力： social pressure40. 经济和技术山的困难： financial andtechnical hardships41. 逢迎兴趣不一的各种人的需求：meet theneeds of people with a variety of interests42. 一种真切拥有有效表现力的媒体：becomea truly effective and expressive medium43.面向大众： for the general public44.带来很大的冲击： have a great impact on45.此外： in addition to46.使某人高兴： cheer sth up47. 一个有问题的读者： a trouble reader。

新世纪高一第二册第5课词汇及短语材料TextNew Words:1.歌剧opera2.作曲;写作composition3.管弦乐队orchestra4.指挥(v.)conduct5.观众audience6.乐谱score7.能量;精力energy8.目的;意图;本意intention9.杰出的outstanding10.排练rehearsal11.描述describe12.否则;要不然otherwise13.罕见的;稀有的rare14.赞歌;颂歌anthem15.回忆;想起recall16.浮动;飘动float17.演绎;演奏(v.)interpret18.放弃quit19.折断snap20.禁令ban21.掌击;打slap22.严格的strict23.意大利的ItalianExpressions:1.指挥首次公演conduct the first publicperformance2.被认为be regarded as3.20世纪上半叶最伟大的指挥家thegreatest conductor of the first part of 20thcentury4.出身在意大利be born in Italy5.以优秀成绩毕业graduate with thehighest honours6.巡回演出on a tour7.请某人来帮忙;召来call in8.填上;补上fill as9.临时;提前很多时间通知at very shortnotice10.跃上舞台leap onto the stage11.充满激情的演绎passionate interpretation12.得到了高声喝彩be greeted with loudcheers13.不靠;不依赖without the help of14.有出色的记忆力have a marvelousmemory15.对…的态度one’s attitude towards16.某人对…的忠实one’s loyalty to17.强调句结构It is/was+…+that clause18.跺脚stamp one’s feet19.把…撕碎tea r…to pieces20.利用各种方式make use of every means21.困惑;不知所措at a loss22.一种轻柔的效果a very light effect23.努力思考think hard24.抛向空中thro w…into the air25.督促自己像督促某人一样drive oneselfas hard as26.满足某人的要求meet one’s demands27.喜极而泣weep for joy28.使某人免受处罚spare sb. frompunishment29.对某人叫喊shout at30.更糟的是even worse31.某人的一生all through one’s life32.身体受到侵害be physically attacked33.拒绝做…refuse to do34.抗议;反对protest against35.犹太音乐家Jewish musician36.在3月25号on March 25thAdditional Reading:1.新闻记者journalist2.钢琴家pianist3.浪漫的romantic4.好竞争的competitive5.有进取心的aggressive6.痛苦的；不幸的miserable7.满身是汗的sweaty8.无聊；厌倦boredom9.同时meanwhile10.机会chance/opportunity11.努力的；勤奋的hard-working12.具有事业心的career-oriented13.大部分地；主要地mostly14.奇特的；别致的fancy15.音乐家musician16.成功的successful17.事业careerExpressions:1.对某人的采访an interview with sb.2.古典乐classical music3.放过机会let the chance slip through one’sfingers4.娱乐界the entertainment world5.抚养；把孩子抚养成人bring up/raise6.在一个家教严格的传统家庭in a stricttraditional family7.受别人注意get noticed8.全优；全A get straight A’s9.不久not for long10.形成了自己的风格develop one’s ownstyle11.在很小时at an early age12.无意中遇到consist of/be made up of/becomposed of13.从椅子上摔下fall off the chairs14.在…中间；其间in the middle of15.发疯go mad16.似乎；好像as if17.完全醒着的be wide awake18.用一种独特的方式in a very unusualstyle19.同意；赞成approve of20.第一次做…(从句)mak e…of sb.21.即使even though。

Unit 1 Travelling Around China1. 环游中国travel around China2. 关于…的信息information about…3. 决定做…determine to do sth.4. 乘火车by rail / train5. 一般来说generally speaking6. 在国定假日on national holidays7. 依靠，取决于depend on8. 硬座/软座 a hard/soft seat9. 一张卧铺票 a sleeper ticket10. 许多海上航线 a number of sea routes11. 内河航道inland waterway12. 穿过，穿越pass through13. 三峡the Three Gorges14. 历史古迹historical site15. 首选the first choice16. 有限的时间limited time17. 省时的time-saving18. 为某物付给某人多少钱pay sb. some money for sth.19. 航空公司airline service20. 地区航空公司regional airline21. 安全记录safety record22. 在过去的几十年里over the past decades23. 旅游目的地tourist destination24.(高速)公路网highway network25.国营长途汽车state-owned long- distance bus26.准点on schedule/ time27.私营汽车private bus28.地方路线local route29.充满fill up30.（呆）一段时间for some time31.计划去做…plan to do…32.如当地人所做的do as the natives do33.在中国逗留期间during the stay in ChinaC2:34. 谈到，说到。

1. travel in the land of smiles2. smile at sb.laugh at sb.greet sb. with a smile3. describe sb./sth. as sb./sth. elsebeyond description/words/reach/expression/comparison4. tourist bureau5. share happiness with sb.6. rank high on the list of placesrank first /second/lastmake a shopping listlist the nameThe reasons for his success are listed as follows.7. state the reason for his success.statement n. 说法，陈述Which of the following statements is true?8. be well received by sb.9. raise the question=put forwardraise money/a pet/a family/your hand10. have more to do with A than Bhave a lot/much/little to do sth.11. point out your mistakepoint at the wordpoint to the wordfrom one’s pint of view=in my view/opinion12. offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb.offer sb. a warm welcome13. be similar to 与…相似14. Welcome to our schoolYou are welcome. 不用谢be warmly welcomed by the public15. be friendly/polite/rude/kind to sb.impoliteunfriendly/unkind16. remote control 遥控机remote island 偏远的岛17. be appreciated by sb.I’d appreciate it very much if you could help me solve the problem.have an appreciation of sth. 欣赏。

上海外语教育出版社——新世纪英语高二全部课文(包括Additional Reading）及重点词组高二第一学期1。

Food in the United StatesMany changes are taking place in food styles in the United States. The United States is traditionally famous for its very solid and unchanging diet, chiefly made up of meat and potatoes。

Now people in America have many different choices: ethnic food, health food, and fast food, in addition to the traditional home-cooked meal.Ethnic restaurants and supermarkets are common in the United States。

Being a country of immigrants, the United States enjoys a wide variety of ethnic food。

Most American cities and towns are filled with restaurants serving international cooking。

Many even have ethnic sections：Chinatown，Little Italy，or Germantown. Having vast ethnic choices, Americans can enjoy food from all over the world。

Besides sections of cities, there are ethnic regions，which are well-known for certain food because of the people who have settled there。

Exercise Two1. Please fill in the blanks with call at, call for, call in, call off, call on, call up and tell the meaning:(1)Success in school _________________ much hard work.(2)You must _______________ and see us sometime.(3)There’s some mystery about his dea th; the police ________________.(4)_______________ my house this evening, if you can, I’ve got something important todiscuss.(5)I ______________ some relatives and friends during the Spring Festival.(6)The U.S.A. ______________ more nations ______________(support) its war against Iraq.(7)When the fog got thicker, the search _______________.(8)I tried to _________ you _________ last night, but no one answered the phone.(9)The sound of seagulls _______________ happy memories of his childhood.Key: （1）calls for 要求（有…）（2）call in (on sb. / at sp.) 顺路到（某处或到某人家）（3）have been called in 招来，请来（4）call at 拜访某处call at sp.（5）called on sb. 拜访某人call on sb.（6）called on … to support 号召，呼吁，要求某人做某事（7）was called off 取消，停止（某活动）（8）call up 给某人打电话（9）called up 使想起（往事）2. audience1) The pop concert _______________________________ (有广大的观众)2) The Oriental TV Station ________________________________(有好几百万的观众)3) It was late; but the audience ________________(increase).4) The audience _______________ (excite) by the show; some waved their hands, some sangwith the singer, some beat the rhythm…Key: 1. had a large/ wide audience2. has an audience of several million3. was increasing4. were excitedaudience /c./ 观众，听众作为集合名词, audience作整体看待时，动词用单数形式；看作许多人时，动词用复数形式，有时两种形式皆可Eg. The audience was/were deeply moved by the speech. 类似的集体名词还有family, class, group, team, army, party, government, public, crowd, crew, staff, band…3．在需要的空格内填上介词，并翻译play在各句中的含义:(1)The children were playing __________ football __________ each other.(2)I don’t drink and I’ve never play __________ cards.(3)He can play _________ nearly every musical instrument.(4)I am to play _________ Juliet.(5)She plays __________ her radio all day long.(6)Don’t let the child play _________ fire.(7)The “Open Door Policy” plays an active part/role ________ the economic development.(8)The American people like playing a joke ________ their friends and relatives on April 1st. Key: (1) /, with (2) / 打牌，下棋，玩（某种游戏）play chess/ cards/ a game(3) / (4) / 演(5) / 放（录音机，唱片等）(6) with 玩弄play with snow/ toys/ coins(7) in 与（某事）有（极大或一点）关系(8) on 与某人开玩笑，捉弄play a trick/joke on4. need1) We need _____A_____ of what has happened.A. to be informedB. be informedC. informedD. being informed2) The general believed that the army needed _______C______.A. strengthenedB. being strengthenedC. to be strengthenedD. be strengthened3) Mary _____D_____ the meeting. I didn’t see her there.A. shouldn’t have attendedB. oughtn’t have attendedC. needn’t have attendedD. didn’t need to attend5. as if(1) He talks as if he ____________ (know) all about it. --- knew(2) He looks as if he ____________ (see) a ghost. --- had seen6. ignore, neglect(1) In order to achieve his goal(达到目标)，he ______ his meals and sleep.(2) The boys were so rude that we decided to ______ them.(3) He _____ personal danger to save the drowning boy.(4) I ______ to close the window when I left.Key: (1) neglected (2) ignore (3) ignored (4) neglected7. Please fill in the blanks with fall, fall behind, fall down, fall in love with, fall into, fall on, fall short, fall short of:(1)He ________________ in many ways: in politeness, in honesty and in attention to his work.(2)The soldiers __________________ food for 3 days.(3)The new movie “Hero” ___________________ our expectations.(4)What day does Mother’s Day _________________?(5)He works hard so as not to ________________ in his studies.(6)At the teacher’s entry the whole class _________________ silent.(7)Alone in Chicago, without friends, work or money, Carrie ______________ despair.(8)The old lady _______________ on the slippery road and broke her leg.(9)Romio ________________ Juliet at first sight.Key: (1) falls short 不够，不足(2)have fallen short of 缺乏(1)fell short of 没达到，低于~ one’s needs/ expectations/ aim/ requirements/ the required amount(4) fall on （a day）在（某一天）(5) fall behind 落在后面(6) fell 进入某种状态，变得fall + /adj./ = become Eg. fall asleep/ ill/ sick/ silent(7) fell into 陷入某种状态fall into = /n./ Eg. fall into a sleep/ poverty/ use/ disuse/ despair(8) fell down 跌倒，垮下来，失败(9)fell in love with 爱上8. Please fill in the blanks with run across, run after, run away (from), run into, run over, run out (of):(1)The thief _________________ and the policeman ________________ him.The thief _________________ the prison and the policeman…(2)I didn’t expect to ______________ so many of my friends at the party.(3)Joe lost control of his bike and _____________ a tree.(4)Could you pick up some bread and milk on your way home? All our supply of food__________________.(5)The car ______________ the poor fellow as he was crossing the road.(6)Billy forgot that he had left the tap on, and the water ____________the tub.Ke y: (1) ran away/ ran away from… ran after （从…）跑掉…追逐，追求(2) run into/ run across = happen to meet 无意间碰到(3) ran into 和…相撞(4) has run out/ has been run out of 用完（某物）(5) ran over （车辆）碾压(6) ran over 溢出9．Allow, permit, admit1) They don’t allow ________________ (smoke).--- smoking2) They are not allowed _________________(smoke). --- to smoke3)Weather ___________________, let’s play football this afternoon.4)I hope _______________ to a key university in a year.5)He ________________ his wife $5000 for clothes every year.6)The thief ______________ his crime.Key: (3) permitting 客观条件许可eg. time/ health/ situation/ weather permitting(4) to be admitted 允许进入~ sb. to sp.(5) allows 给予，准备用~ sb. sth. (for…)(6) admitted/ has admitted 承认~ doing/ that…10. before1) Be sure to turn off the lights before you ___(leave) the house/ before ______(leave) the house.--- leave/ leaving2) He told me that he _____________(meet) Mary the day before. --- had met3) I ____________ (never hear) of such a person before. --- have never heard4) 不久雨就停了。

高一下词组整理UNIT 1Generally speakingOn national holiday sDepend onA number of sea routesPass through the famous Three GorgesThe first choice forLimited timeThe time-saving advantagePopular tourist destinations/attractionsOn scheduleSpeaking ofBe pressed for timeOffer fairly good servicesIn briefA round-trip ticketA travel brochureThe permanent habitatBe surrounded byWithin arm’s reachA master of ceremoniesSort outA tour guideUNIT 2There’s no feeling likeTake a special classChange intoReceive instructions from the guideBe afraid of heightsLead up to 向上通向Speed byCome into viewBird’s eye view of the cityExtend in all directions▲Feel proud of / take pride in / pride oneself onBe ready to do乐于做某事in an instant 一会儿tourists at home and abroadwithout doubtbeyond wordslaunch an advertising campaignbe greeted with a smilerank high on the list ofbe very much appreciated byraise a questionhave something to do withpoint outUNIT3Had better do sthCall outMay have doneA sense of being respectedAn attempt to do sthPut / lay emphasis onServe passengersFlight attendantsEnter the profession进入这一行业The preferred terms术语Treat fairlyIssues of race and disability 有关种族和残疾的问题Insist onBe obliged to doChange with the timesQuite a fewBe filled withComplain aboutThe road to successful communicationMake opportunities up 创造机会Expose A to B 把..暴露在..Cultivate good habitsBe appropriate for one’ level 适合某人的程度Have a positive effect onOut-of-dateOut of styleBear in mindPen palUNIT4Eye contactOffer to drive sb. BackPull into the drivewayBack off 向后退开Communicate with sb.Silent signal in one’ eyesArouse one’s attentionExchange looks with sb. / make eye contact with sb. Be based onGo down wellLack of attentionChat in very low voicesCall forGo downBe clear ofBody languagePut one’s finger onAs toSell sb. Outbelieve it or notbe judged as dishonestbe unsure of yourselfbe confused withtime and time againapologize to sb. for sth.Bump intoAs ifBecome aware ofMake an effort to doIn doubtUNIT5Conduct the first public performanceBe regarded asThe first part of the twentieth centuryEnter a music schoolWith the highest honorsOn a tourQuit one’s jobCall in sb.Fill in sb. As conductorAt very short noticeBe greeted with loud cheersWithout the help ofRead it throughStrict attitude towards performances Loyalty to the composer’s intention Tear to/into piecesMake use of every means to do sth. Feel oneself at a lossThink hardDrive sb. Hard 对某人要求严格Meet / satisfy one’s demandsWeep for joySpare sb. From punishmentSlap one’s faceBe attacked forRefuse to do sth,Protest against the ban on sth.In a wildly romantic mannerLet the chance slip through one’s finger Be full of opportunitiesTurn upGet straight A’sDevelop one’s own styleAt an early ageConsist ofBe ready to do sth. With boredomBe wide awakeApprove ofMake a classical musician of sb.Sth. takes timeUNIT6Throw oneself throughSweep upRisk one’ life to doOn behalf ofAction movieMake a livingWithout exceptionOne’s individual brand ofA hole the size of a coinBe knocked unconsciousAdmit doing sth.There’s absolutely no need to do sth. Brag about sth.Take the fallspeed through a cornfielda walking miraclephysical endurancealong with 与身俱来insist on doing sth.Become a realityRemind sb of sth.Less than inspiringCost sb. a fortunea wide range of human emotionsrely on sb.so farfeature a digital creaturethe potential and limitations of digital actorsperform poorly at the box officeUNIT7Aim atWithout doubtEmphasize the need forTake the prime positionA headline which runs the full width of the page 通栏标题Be set in a bold typeToo much concentration onDraw a line betweenBe tempted to do sth.School of thought 思想学派Be dressed to the same high standardA sense of unityA fairly simple matterLose one’s reputationThe 2008 Beijing Olympic GamesCelebrate the victorySth. Be awarded to sb.Sb. be awarded sth.The most famous sports figureBe eliminated in the first roundApplaud the city’s successBe brightly litHeart-felt cheers and laughterPour into the city centreWait in endless queuesBe crammed with visitorsThe China Millennium Monument 中国千年纪念碑Thousands upon thousands of peopleUNIT8Soap operaIn that caseBe popular withEvery other weekTake out 获得，得到Glance at the headlinesCater for 为……提供所需，顾及To name just a fewCare for an added bonusSit back in one’s chairOperate the remote controlA programme of interestArgue over moneySwitch to Channel 12Announce its limited offerAt the bargain price of $10Subscribe to twelve issues of Round-the-worldEvery chief tourist attraction in the worldHave the world at your fingertipsBe sure to enclose a cheque or money order for $10Cancel one’s subscriptionIn disbeliefThe latest/back issueThe main source of popular entertainmentThe well-educated upper classThe illustrated magazineAddress the significance ofShape opinions 影响人的观点The magazine industryNo fewer than two dozen magazinesAt atmosphere of the twentieth centuryThe concept of instant news through picturesCompete with the popular electronic mediaBe forced to become more profit-orientedThe 1950s witnessed the appearance of magazines forSocial pressuresFinancial and technical hardshipsMeet the needs of people with a vsariety of interestsBecome a truly effective and expressive medium for the general public。

新世纪英语第一册Unit One OccupationsText (课文练习)Translate the following sentences into English（ 1）烹饪有各样不一样的方法。

(various)There are various ways of cooking .（ 2）我决定遵从她的建议，早点儿睡觉。

(follow)I decided to follow her advice and went to bed early.（ 3）这支医疗队由两名外科医生和四名护士构成。

(make up of)The medical team is made up of two surgeons and four nurses.（ 4）你长大后想做什么？(grow up)What are you going to take up/ follow when you grow up?（ 5）警方思疑这两起案件可能有关系。

(link)The police suspect that the two crimes may be linked.（6）第二起交通事故波及两辆小汽车和一辆卡车。

（involve）Thesecond accident involved two cars and a lorry.（7）律师认真地将程序解说给我们听。

(explain)The lawyer carefully explained the procedure to us.（8）女孩的脸上带着幸福的笑脸。

（wear）Thegirl is wearing a happy smile.（9）音乐会有大量的观众。

（audience）There was a large audience at the concert.（10）男孩比女孩在做警察方面更遇到独爱。

(favour) Boysare favoured over girls as policemen.（11）很多家庭采集报纸以废物利用。