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句子成分练习题（含答案）句子成分指句子中各部分的构成要素，包括主语、谓语、宾语、状语等。
通过练习句子成分，可以加深对语法知识的理解，提高语言表达能力。
下面是一些句子成分的练习题，每题均配有答案，希望能帮助大家更好地掌握相关知识。
1. 昨天我在图书馆看了一本有趣的小说。
答案：主语：我；谓语：在图书馆看了；宾语：一本有趣的小说；时间状语：昨天。
2. 小猫正在屋子里玩耍。
答案：主语：小猫；谓语：正在玩耍；地点状语：在屋子里。
3. 她给我带来了一份礼物。
答案：主语：她；谓语：带来了；间接宾语：我；直接宾语：一份礼物。
4. 明天我们要一起去郊游。
答案：主语：我们；谓语：要去；状语：明天；状语：一起。
5. 风吹落了树叶。
答案：主语：风；谓语：吹落了；宾语：树叶。
通过以上练习题，相信大家对句子成分有了更清晰的认识。
希望在后续的学习中能够灵活运用这些知识，提升自己的语言表达能力。
愿大家在语文学习的道路上越走越远，取得更好的成绩！。
句子基本结构和成分1句子基本句型英语基本句型分为五种: 主谓SV、主谓宾SVO、主系表SLP、主谓双宾SVOO、主谓宾宾补SVOC。
主语谓语/系动词宾语/表语备注五种句型概述:句型主谓SV Everybody laughed.主系表SLP She is a teacher.主谓宾SVO I love you.主谓双宾SVOO David asked me a question.其中‘me’和‘a question’两个宾语。
主谓宾宾补SVOC They painted the wall white.其中, white 为宾补修饰宾语the wall。
1.1主谓句型（Subject Predicate Verb-SV）1.1.1解析1.1.2主谓句型与主谓宾句型最大的区别在于谓语动词的及物与不及物。
英语把及物动词叫做 transitive verb,不及物动词叫做intransitive verb.”transitive”在英语中是传递的意思, 所以, 如果动词表示的动作可以直接传递到某个事物, 则称为及物动词, 反之称为不及物动词。
及物动词与不及物动词又可以称为外动作词和内动作词。
外动作词是动作涉及或（达到）别的事物的动词, 内动作词是动作凝于或止于主体本身的动词。
基本结构 : 主语+不及物动词1.1.3主语1.1.4可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy), 主格代词(如you), 数词, 动词不定式, 动名词等。
主语一般在句首。
注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家。
1.1.5谓语1.1.6谓语由动词构成, 是英语时态、语态变化的主角, 一般在主语之后, 后接宾语。
但谓语可以是不及物动词(vi.), 没有宾语, 形成主谓结构。
例句分析:（1）The sun is rising. 太阳正在升起。
（2）Tim is sleeping. 蒂姆正在睡觉。
（3）The train is arriving. 火车要到站了。
简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题一、句子成份英语句子成分有主语，谓语，宾语，表语，定语，状语,宾语补足语等。
顺序一般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况而定。
1、主语：表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般位于句首。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如：My sister is a teacher.（名词）我的姐姐是老师。
We often speak English in class.（代词）我们经常在课上讲英语。
One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）这个班三分之一的学生是女生。
2、谓语：谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。
可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。
1)简单谓语：she works in a hospital. 她在一家医院工作。
（动作）2)复合谓语： I can speak a little English. 我会说一点英语。
We are reading books. 我们正在读书。
He has gone to Beijing.他已经去北京了。
3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。
My sister is a teacher.(我的姐姐是老师。
)The weather has turned cold.（天气已经变冷了。
）系动词：是用来帮助说明主语的动词，不能单独用作谓语，其后必须跟表语，如：be, become, turn, look, go等。
4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后。
We like English. 我喜欢英语。
They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（名词化形容词）有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。
简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题S十V主谓结构S十V十P主系表结构S十V十O主谓宾结构S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构说明：S＝主语；V＝谓语；P＝表语；O＝宾语；O1＝间接宾语；O2＝直接宾语；C＝宾语补足语基本句型一：S十V主谓结构这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，come, die, fall, rise,等等。
如：1). 学生们学习很努力。
Students study hard.2). 事故是昨天晚上发生的。
The accident happened yesterday.基本句型二: S十V十P主系表结构： adj修饰系动词be, look, seem, feel ,smell, taste, sound, get, grow, turn, go, 等等。
如：1) Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer. 春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和。
2) The food goes bad.3) The autumn has come . The leaves turn red.look terrible, smell good, taste delicious, sound good,基本句型三: S十V十O主谓宾结构作宾语的成分常是：名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句。
如：1) I watched a movie yesterday.2) You place放置 me in a difficult situation.基本句型四: S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构，O1＝间接宾语；O2＝直接宾语这种句型中作间接宾语的常常指“人”，直接宾语常常指“物”。
如：I buy you a gift. I buy a gift to youYou pass me the ball.He told us a story .You give me a flower.基本句型五: S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构1）请让孩子们安静下来。
（英语）初中英语句子结构与成分解题技巧讲解及练习题（含答案）一、句子结构与成分1.'My father bought me a new watch yesterday.' It is a structure of.A. S+V+PB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+DO+COD. S+V+DO【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：昨天我爸给我买了一块新手表。
它是S+V+IO+DO结构。
My father （主语S） +bought （谓语V） +me （间接宾语ID） +a new watch （直接宾语DO）,故选Bo【点评】考查句结构和成分。
注意识记S+V+IO+DO结构的用法。
2.—What an interesting story she told us!—Yes, and her voice sounded.A. sweetB. smallC. clearlyD. sadly【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：一一他给我们讲的是多么有趣的故事啊！一一是的，她的声音听起来很甜美。
sweet甜的；small小的；clearly清楚地；sadly伤心地。
sound是系动词，后跟形容词，故选Ao【点评】考查系表结构。
3.John calls his dog Eddie. The structure of the sentence is.A. S+V+OB. S+V+PC. S+V+IO+DOD. S+V+DO+OC【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：约翰叫他的狗Eddie.这个句子的结构是.根据句子可知这个句子的结构是：主语 +谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。
故答案为Do【点评】考查句子成分。
牢记句子成分。
4.Choose the correct structure （结构）of this sentence "He lent me a book."A. S+V+OB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+PD. S+V+DO+OC【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意"Helent me a book”。
简单句的五种基本句型及巩固练习一、我给“句子成分”相相面（Tell the members of the sentences）1. The apple tastes really delicious.2. Anything is possible.3.They all work hard.4. All the children laughed.5.We study English and French.6.Everyone likes him.7.He shows me his new radio.8.My headteacher told us a joke.9.The news made us happy.10.I find English grammar very difficult.二、我把“基本句型”变单句(Let’s make it easier.)1.主语＋系动词＋表(S + LV + predicative)2.主语＋不及物动词（S + Vi ）3.主语＋及物动词＋宾语( S + Vt + O)4.主语＋及物动词＋间宾＋直宾(S +Vt +in.O + dir. O)5.主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补语(S + Vt + O + Oc)三、我给常用动词对对号(Let’s match the verbs with their patterns)（1）常见的系动词有：1. be2.表示感官的：seem, appear, look, smell, taste, sound, feel3.表示保持或状态: remain, stay, keep, prove4.表示变化的: become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow(2) 接双语的动词有：bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell,write, ask, buy , call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare等。
（完整版）简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题.doc简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题英语句子成分的排列顺序与汉语不同。
汉语放在前面的，英语可能要放在后面；而汉语放后面的，英语可能放在前面。
即使是同样一句话，如果用词不同，句中的次序也会有变化。
比如，“我每天骑自行车上学” ，可以表达为 I go to school by bike every day. 也可以表达为I ride to school every day.如果用图表分析一下，我们会看得更清楚：我每天骑自行车上学。
I go to school by bike every day.I ride to school every day.这三个语句除了行为者 "I" 的位置没有变化外，其它都发生了变化，并且由于“上学”表达方式的不同，在句中的位置也发生了变化。
句子成分详解一览表及巧记口诀句子成分意义及位置充当词类主语表示句子说的是“什么人”名词、代词、数词、或“什么事”。
通常在句子前不定式、动名词、短The Subject部。
语或句子。
谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”由动词或动词词组或“怎么样”。
通常在主语后充当。
The Predicate（除疑问、倒装句外）。
宾语表示动作、行为的对象。
在及物动词或介词后。
同主语的充当词类The Object与系动词连用，一起构成谓表语语部分、说明主语的性质、同主语的充当词类The Predicate 特征。
常在系动词之后。
用来修饰名词或代词。
单个形、代、数、名、介定语词常在修饰的词前，短语或词短语或相当于形The Attribute 句子在被修饰的词之后。
容词的词或短语。
状语修饰动词、形容词、副词，通常由副词、介词短表示动作发生的时间、地点、语或相当于副词的The Attribute目的、方式等。
位置较灵活。
词或短语来表示。
宾语补足语宾语的补足语，逻辑上与宾由形容词、名词、介The Object 语是“主谓”关系。
英语句子成分（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如：During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。
谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。
如：He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。
【英语】英语句子结构与成分的基本方法技巧及练习题及练习题( 含答案 )一、句子结构与成分1．I feel very lonely, and my eyes fill with tears.（选出表语）A. feelB. lonelyC. my eyesD. fill 【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：我感到很孤独，我的眼中充满泪水。
feel，感觉，系动词，后面跟形容词作表语，lonely 意为孤单的，形容词，作表语。
故选B。
【点评】此题考查句子的结构成分。
根据句子的结构确定每个划线部分在句子中充当的成分，选出正确答案。
2．Which of the following sentences is correct?A. He came in and sat down.C. When we met. He didn't say hello.B. We all like <Harry Potter>.D. We went out, headed for the bus stop.【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：下面那个句子是正确的。
A 是简单句， came 和 sat 是并列谓语，都是一般过去式，所以 A 正确。
B 中的符号不符合英语习惯，在英语中没有书名号，表示书名时通常用斜体字形式。
C 句的标点符号是错误的，把met 后的句号改为逗号才符合复合句的定义。
D 句中 headed 前应加上 and 或者将 headed 改为 heading 构成伴随状语。
因此选 A。
【点评】考查句法知识。
3．—What an interesting story she told us!—Yes, and her voice sounded ________.A. sweetB. smallC. clearlyD. sadly【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：——他给我们讲的是多么有趣的故事啊！——是的，她的声音听起来很甜美。
简单句的六种基本句型和句子成分练习题一、选择填空：( )1. _____ six years since I began to study English.A. It isB. I have beenC. There areD. It was( )2. _____ in the room at that time.A. Nobody wasB. Someone wereC. Who isD. He are( )3. It’s very noisy outside. _____ is going on?A. WhoB. WhatC. WhichD. Where( )4. _____ in English in class every day is important.A. SpeakB. TalkingC. SayingD. To tell( )5. There must be_____ near the factory.A. a book storeB. book storeC. books storeD. books stores ( )6. Although it's raining hard, _____ are still working in the fields.A. but theyB. and theyC. theyD. since they( )7. The doctor as well as the nurses_____ great concern for the patients.A. showB. showsC. have shownD. are showing( ) 8. Your son must be a clever boy, _____ he?A. isB. isn'tC. mustD. mustn't( )9. The computer center, _____ last year, is very popular among students in this school.A. openB. openingC. openedD. being opened( ) 10. I _____ go to the shop today, for there is a lot of food at home.A. mustn'tB. had toC. can'tD. needn't( )11.－You won’t go to the Summer Palace tomorrow. －_____ will I.A. AlsoB. TooC. NeitherD. Either( ) 12.－Do you enjoy your life here, Mr. Durham?－Yes, of course, though I _____ here for only two weeks.A. stayB. am stayingC. had stayedD. have stayed( )13. We are in class. You’d better _____.A. not talkB. not to talkC. not talkingD. don’t talk( )14. The actor _____ at the age of 70. A. dead B. died C. was dead D. has been dead( )15. _____ were all very tired, but none of _____ would stop to take a rest.A. We, usB. Us, weC. We, ourD. We, we( )16. I think _____ necessary to learn English well.A. itsB. itC. thatD. that is( )17.－Where do you live in Melbourne? －Let me _____ you on the map.A. giveB. teachC. bringD. show( ) 18. I will never forget the day _____ I joined the Party.A. thatB. whenC. in whichD. where( )19.－Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to the Beijing Zoo?－Sorry, I don’t know. Ask the policeman. He _____ know.A. mustB. shouldC. mayD. can( )20. －What is paper made from? －It _____ from wood.A. makesB. is makingC. madeD. is made( ) 21. Give me one more minute _____ I'll be able to finish it.A. andB. orC. ifD. so( )22. Let us pass, ____?A. shan't weB. shall weC. won't weD. will you( )23. I'm sorry to have to say this, _____ you forgot to turn off the lights when you left the room last night.A. andB. butC. soD. because( )24. There are many sports lovers in his office. Some love climbing, _____ others enjoy swimming.A. orB. forC. whileD. so( )25. Mother _____ a dress when she cut her finger.A. was makingB. makesC. is makingD. made( )26. He got up _____ yesterday morning.A. latelyB. lateC. latestD. latter( )27. Mr. Green asked me if _____ any English before I came to London.A. I learnedB. I will learnC. did I learnD. will I learn ( )28. －Is the physics problem____? －Yes. I can work it out ____.A. easy, easily B easy, easy C easily, easily D easily, easy ( )29. －Your uncle isn't an engineer, is he? －____.A. Yes, he isn'tB. No, he isn'tC. No, he isD. He is ( )30. －Does autumn last long in Beijing?－No. It usually _____ from September to November.A. lastedB. lastsC. is lastingD. will last二、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分。
1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!5. They went hunting together early in the morning.6. His job is to train swimmers.7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.8. There is going to be an American film tonight.9. It will take me 30 minutes to finish my homework on time tomorrow.10. His wish is to become a scientist.11. He hoped to finish the work in time.12. Tom came to ask me for advice.13. He found it important to master English.14. Do you have anything else to say?15. To be honest, your pronunciation is not so good.16. Would you please tell me your address?17. He sat there, reading a newspaper.18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.19. He noticed a man enter the room.20. The apples tasted sweet.。
