MC service gate
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名称材料合成示意图描述木板原木Wooden Planks Wood 木棍木板Sticks Wooden Planks火把煤碳和木棍Torches Coal & Stick工作台木板Crafting Table Wooden Planks熔炉圆石Furnace Cobblestone 箱子木板Chest Wooden Planks梯子木棍Ladders Sticks基本合成用来爬墙.基本的建筑材料.用来合成火把,弓箭,栅栏,木牌,工具和武器.提供照明,避免刷怪,融化雪和冰块.右键点击展开一个3X3的合成台.用来烧制烹饪物品.存放物品、迷路时暂存身上物品,两个箱子并排放可以增加存放空间.栅栏木棍和木板Fence Sticks & Wooden Planks船木板Boat Wooden Planks木质台阶木板Wooden Slabs Wooden Planks石质台阶石头,砖,石砖,砂石,圆石,地狱砖,石英Stone SlabsStone or Brick or Stone Brick or Sandstone or Cobblestone or Nether Brick or Quartz告示牌木板和木棍Sign Wooden Planks & Stick门木板或者铁锭Doors Wooden Planks or Iron Ingots名称材料合成示意图描述萤石块 萤石粉Glowstone Glowstone Dust 方块合成木门能够用手打开或者红石系统打开. 铁门只能用红石系统打开.能够用于水下照明.不能跨越栅栏,别墅内的隔栏(装饰品)、防止跌落.在水中行驶.用于建造台阶、屋檐、窗台等.用于建造台阶、屋檐、窗台等.门牌、路标、告示牌、贴在楼梯两侧可组成沙发.雪块雪球Snow Block Snowballs火药和沙子Gunpowder & Sand 粘土块粘土Clay Block Clay 砖块红砖Brick Block Clay Bricks书架木板和书本Bookshelf Wooden Planks & Books沙石沙子Sandstone Block Sand平滑沙石沙石Smooth Sandstone Sandstone Block 錾制沙质台阶Decorative Sandstone Sandstone Slabs 装饰和附魔.建筑材料.建筑材料.建筑材料.建筑材料.TNT爆炸物.建筑材料.坚硬的建筑材料.音符盒木板和红石Note Block Wooden Planks & Redstone 南瓜灯南瓜和火把Jack-O Lantern Pumpkin & Torch青金石块青金石染料Lapis Lazuli Block Lapis Lazuli Dye钻石块钻石Diamond Block Diamonds金块金锭Gold Block Gold Ingots 铁块铁锭Iron Block Iron Ingots绿宝石块绿宝石Emerald Block Emeralds 煤块煤炭Coal Block Coal 存储青金石染料.存储钻石.存储金锭.存储铁锭.存储绿宝石.存储煤炭.当点击时发出音符.光源.石砖石头Stone Brick Stone木质楼梯木板Wooden Stairs Wooden Planks石质楼梯圆石,沙,砖石,石砖,地狱砖,石英Stone Stairs Cobblestone or Sandstone orBrick or Stone Brick or NetherBrick or Quartz 圆石墙圆石或者苔石Cobblestone Wall Cobblestone or Moss Stone红石块红石Block of Redstone Redstone地狱砖块地狱砖Nether Brick Nether Brick (Item)石英块下界石英Block of Quartz Nether Quartz錾制石英块石英台阶Chiseled Quartz Block Quartz Slabs建筑材料.建筑材料.建筑材料.做楼梯.做楼梯.类似于栅栏的作用.红石电源.建筑材料.竖纹石英块石英块Pillar Quartz Block Block of Quartz 硬化粘土硬化粘土和任何染料Stained Clay Hardened Clay & Dye 干草块小麦Hay Bale Wheat花岗岩闪长岩和下界石英Granite Diorite & Nether Quartz安山岩闪长岩和圆石Andesite Diorite & Cobblestone闪长岩圆石和下界石英Diorite Cobblestone & Nether Quartz 磨制花岗岩花岗岩Polished Granite Granite磨制安山岩安山岩Polished Andesite Andesite装饰材料.装饰材料.装饰材料.装饰材料.建筑材料.建筑材料.装饰材料和马的食物.装饰材料.磨制闪长岩闪长岩Polished Diorite Diorite 海晶石海晶碎片Prismarine Prismarine Shard海晶石砖海晶碎片Prismarine Bricks Prismarine Shard暗海晶石海晶碎片和墨囊Dark Prismarine Prismarine Shard & Ink Sac海晶灯海晶碎粒和海晶碎片Sea Lantern Prismarine Crystals &Prismarine Shard 砂土泥土和沙砂Coarse Dirt Dirt & Gravel粘液块粘液球Slime Block Slimeball苔石圆石和藤蔓Moss Stone Cobblestone & Vines装饰材料.装饰材料.光源.类似泥土,除了不能长草.使用活塞推动物体.装饰材料.装饰材料.装饰材料.苔石砖石砖和藤蔓Mossy Stone Brick Stone Brick & Vines錾制石砖石砖台阶Chiseled Stone Brick Stock Brick Slab红沙石红沙Red Sandstone Red Sand平滑红沙石红砂石Smooth Red Sandstone Red Sandstone錾制红沙石平滑红沙石Chiseled Red Sandstone Red Sandstone Slab名称材料合成示意图描述镐木棍加木板或圆石或铁锭或金锭或钻石Pickaxe Sticks & Wooden Planks or Cobblestone or Iron Ingots or Gold Ingots or Diamonds 斧头木棍加木板或圆石或铁锭或金锭或钻石Axes Sticks & Wooden Planks or Cobblestone or Iron Ingots or Gold Ingots or Diamonds工具合成比用拳头砍树快.装饰材料.装饰材料.装饰材料.装饰材料.装饰材料.挖方块和资源.锹木棍加木板或圆石或铁锭或金锭或钻石Shovels Sticks & Wooden Planks orCobblestone or Iron Ingots orGold Ingots or Diamonds锄木棍加木板或圆石或铁锭或金锭或钻石Hoes Sticks & Wooden Planks orCobblestone or Iron Ingots orGold Ingots or Diamonds 钓鱼竿木棍和线Fishing Rod Sticks & String打火石铁锭和燧石Flint & Steel Iron Ingot & Flint指南针铁锭和红石Compass Iron Ingots & Redstone钟金锭和红石Clock Gold Ingots & Redstone 铁桶铁锭Bucket Iron Ingots剪刀铁锭Shears Iron Ingots 显示时间和白天黑夜.用来装水,岩浆,牛奶.用来剪羊毛和树叶.用来挖沙子,沙砾,图,草和雪.用来锄地.钓鱼.生火.指向出生点.名称材料合成示意图描述头盔皮革或铁锭或金锭或钻石HelmetLeather or Iron Ingots or GoldIngots or Diamonds胸甲皮革或铁锭或金锭或钻石ChestplateLeather or Iron Ingots or GoldIngots or Diamonds护腿皮革或铁锭或金锭或钻石LeggingsLeather or Iron Ingots or GoldIngots or Diamonds靴子皮革或铁锭或金锭或钻石BootsLeather or Iron Ingots or GoldIngots or Diamonds剑木棍加上木板或圆石或铁锭或金锭或钻石SwordSticks & Wooden Planks or Cobblestone or Iron Ingots or Gold Ingots or Diamonds弓线和木棍Bow String & Sticks箭燧石和木棍和羽毛Arrow Flint & Stick & Feather防具合成提供1.5点护甲值(钻石).对怪物造成更多的伤害.射箭.箭.提供1.5护甲值(钻石).提供4点护甲值(钻石).提供3点护甲值(钻石).马铠羊毛和铁锭或金锭或钻石Horse ArmourWool & Iron Ingots or GoldIngots or Diamonds名称材料合成示意图描述压力版木板或石头Pressure Plates Wooden Planks or Stone活板门木板Trapdoor Wooden Planks栅栏门木板和木棍Fence Gate Wooden Planks & Sticks 按钮石头或者木板Button Stone or Wooden Plank拉杆木棍和圆石Lever Stick & Cobblestone中继器石头,红石火把,红石和石头Redstone RepeaterStone & Redstone Torch &Redstone道具合成可以通过右键点击和红石打开.可以像门一样被打开.按下的时候发送一个短的红石信号.通过开关来控制红石信号的输出.红石电路的二极管或者延时器.为马装配不同的铠甲.有生物或玩家站在上面时会发出红石信号.红石火把木棍和红石Redstone Torch Stick & Redstone 唱片机木板和钻石Jukebox Wooden Planks & Diamond发射器圆石,弓和红石Dispenser Cobblestone & Bow &Redstone活塞木板,原始,铁锭和红石Piston Wooden Planks &Cobblestone & Iron Ingot &Redstone粘性活塞活塞和粘液球Sticky Piston Piston & Slime Ball 矿车铁锭Minecart Iron Ingots动力矿车矿车和熔炉Powered Minecart Minecart & Furnace运输矿车矿车和箱子Storage Minecart Minecart & Chest 通过铁路运送材料和物资.播发唱片.开启的适合发射物品.推动方块.推拉方块.在铁轨上行驶.烧碳来产生能量推动其他矿车前进.不间断发送红石信号.铁轨铁锭和木棍Rail Iron Ingots & Stick充能铁轨金锭,木棍和红石Powered Rail Gold Ingots & Stick &Redstone 探测铁轨铁锭,石质压力板和红石Detector Rail Iron Ingots & Stone PressurePlate & Redstone 红石灯红石和萤石块Redstone Lamp Redstone & Glowstone Block绊线铁锭,木棍和木板Tripwire Hook Iron Ingot & Stick & WoodenPlank激活铁轨铁锭,木棍和红石火把Activator Rail Iron Ingots & Sticks &Redstone Torch阳光传感器玻璃,下界石英和木板Daylight Sensor Glass & Nether Quartz &Wooden Slabs 投掷器圆石和红石Dropper Cobblestone & Redstone常用来激活TNT矿车和漏斗矿车.拜托发出红石信号.扔出物品(类似发射器).铁轨.被激活的时候加速矿车.矿车在其上面经过时产生红石信号.照明设施,需红石能量激活.通过时产生红石信号.漏斗铁锭和箱子Hopper Iron Ingots & Chest漏斗矿车漏斗和矿车Minecart with Hopper Hopper & Minecart TNT 矿车TNT 和矿车Minecart with TNT TNT & Minecart红石比较器红石火把,原始和下界石英Redstone ComparatorRedstone Torches & Stone &Nether Quartz陷进箱箱子和绊线Trapped Chest Chest & Tripwire Hook测重压力板铁锭或者金锭Weighted Pressure Plates Iron Ingots or Gold Ingots铁活板门铁锭Iron Trapdoor Ingots 名称材料合成示意图描述食物合成仅在红石电路中使用.打开箱子的适合发出红石信号.类似普通的压力板,但是只能用物品激活. 物品的数量绝对红石信号的强度.通过红石打开.物品通过漏斗在箱子中移进或者移出.类似漏斗的功能.通过激活的铁道发生爆炸或者手动爆炸.碗木板Bowl Wooden Planks蘑菇煲碗,红蘑菇和棕色蘑菇Mushroom Stew Bowl & Red Mushroom &Brown Mushroom面包小麦Bread Wheat金苹果苹果和金粒Golden Apple Apple & Gold Nuggets附魔金苹果苹果和金块Enchanted Golden Apple Apple & Gold Blocks 糖甘蔗Sugar Sugar Cane蛋糕牛奶桶,汤,小麦和鸡蛋Cake Milk Buckets & Sugar &Wheat & Egg曲奇小麦和可可豆Cookies Wheat & Cocoa Beans 恢复2.5点饥饿值.恢复2点饥饿值.恢复2点饥饿值. 同时给予30秒的抗火属性.用来制作蛋糕.每块恢复1.5饥饿值,一共6块.恢复1点饥饿值.装蘑菇煲.恢复4点饥饿值.西瓜西瓜片Melon Block Melon Slice西瓜种子西瓜片Melon Seeds Melon Slice 南瓜种子南瓜Pumpkin Seeds Pumpkin 金胡萝卜胡萝卜和金粒Golden Carrot Carrot & Gold Nuggets 南瓜派南瓜,鸡蛋和糖Pumpkin Pie Pumpkin & Egg & Sugar 兔肉煲蘑菇和碗和熟兔肉和烤马铃薯和胡萝卜Rabbit StewMushroom & Bowl & Cooked Rabbit & Carrot & BakedPotato名称材料合成示意图描述床木板和羊毛Bed Wooden Planks & Wool 其他合成在晚上睡觉快速度过夜晚.西瓜.能够种植在耕地上.能够种植在耕地上.酿造原料,恢复3点饥饿值.恢复4点饥饿值.恢复10饥饿值.画木棍和羊毛Painting Sticks & Wool纸甘蔗Paper Sugar Cane书纸Book Paper书与笔书,羽毛和墨囊Book and Quill Book & Feather & Ink Sac 地图纸和指南针Map Paper & Compass玻璃板玻璃或者染色玻璃Glass Pane Glass Blocks or StainedGlass Blocks铁栏杆铁锭Iron Bars Iron Ingots金锭金粒Gold Ingot Gold Nugget 类似栅栏的窗格玻璃.类似栅栏但是只有1个方块的高度.用来制造其他东西.装饰.用来制造地图和书本.用来制造书架和书与笔.能够写文章.能够显示附近一块的地图.地狱砖栅栏地狱砖块Nether Brick Fence Nether Brick 末影之眼末影珍珠和烈焰粉Eye of Ender Ender Pearl & Blaze Powder 附魔台书,钻石和黑曜石Enchantment Table Book, Diamond & Obsidian.火焰弹烈焰粉,碳和火药Fire Charge Blaze Powder & Coal &Gunpowder末影箱黑曜石和末影之眼Ender Chest Obsidian & Eye of Ender信标玻璃,黑曜石和下界之心用于放置在钻石块,金块,绿宝石块或铁块(或这四种Beacon Glass & Obsidian & NetherStar 结构的金字塔顶端,可以向天空直射光束的功能型方铁跕铁块和铁锭Anvil Iron Block & Iron Ingot 花盆红砖Flower Pot Bricks 能够通过发射器发射的火球.用于储存. 所有末影箱共享一个物品栏.修复物品和合并附魔.装饰.类似普通的栅栏只不过原料不同.定位末地传送门.用来附魔工具.物品展示框木棍和皮革Item Frame Sticks & Leather萝卜钓竿钓竿和胡萝卜Carrot on a Stick Fishing Rod & Carrot 烟花火箭火药,纸和烟火之星Firework Rocket Gunpowder & Paper &Firework Star烟火之星火药,燃料和附加物品(可选)Firework Star Gunpowder & Dye & an extraingredient (optional)拴绳线和粘液球Lead String & Slimeball地毯羊毛Carpet Wool染色玻璃玻璃块和染料Stained Glass Glass Blocks & Dye 皮革兔子皮Leather Rabbit hide烟花.不同的烟火之星决定不同的烟花效果.牵引或拴住动物.装饰材料装饰材料和建筑材料.制作盔甲.放在墙上展示物品和方块.控制猪.旗帜羊毛和木棍Banner Wool & Stick展示架石砖和木棍Armor Stand Stone Slab & Stick 名称材料合成示意图描述骨粉骨头Bone Meal Bone淡灰色染料骨粉和墨囊或灰色染料加骨粉或茜草花Light Gray DyeBonemeal & Ink Sac or Gray Dye & Bonemeal or AzureBluet灰色染料骨粉和墨囊Gray Dye Bonemeal & Ink Sac 玫瑰红罂粟或红色郁金香或玫瑰丛Rose RedPoppy or Red Tulip or RoseBush橙色染料玫瑰红和蒲公英黄或橙色郁金香Orange DyeRose Red & Dandelion Yellow or Orange Tulip染料合成用于制作橙色羊毛.装饰材料.展示放置盔甲,头,南瓜头.用来使农作物树木快速长大.用于制作淡灰色羊毛.用于制作灰色羊毛.用于制作红色羊毛.蒲公英黄蒲公英或向日葵Dandelion Yellow Dandelion or Sunflower 黄绿色染料仙人掌绿和骨粉Lime Dye Cactus Green & Bone Meal 淡蓝色染料青金石染料和骨粉或兰花Light Blue DyeLapis Lazuli Dye & Bone Mealor Blue Orchid青色染料青金石染料和仙人掌绿Cyan DyeLapis Lazuli Dye & CactusGreen紫色染料青金石染料和玫瑰红Purple Dye Lapis Lazuli Dye & Rose Red 品红染料粉红色染料和紫色染料或绒球葱或欧丁香Magenta DyePurple Dye & Pink Dye orAllium or Lilac粉红色染料骨粉和玫瑰红或牡丹后粉红色郁金香Pink DyeBone Meal & Rose Red or Peony or Pink Tulip名称材料合成示意图描述用于制作品红羊毛.用于制作粉红色羊毛.羊毛合成用于制作黄色羊毛.用于制作黄绿色羊毛.用于制作淡蓝色羊毛.用于制作青色羊毛.用于制作紫色羊毛.羊毛线Wool String浅灰色羊毛羊毛和浅灰色染料Light Gray Wool Wool & Light Gray Dye 灰色羊毛羊毛和灰色染料Gray Wool Wool & Gray Dye黑色羊毛羊毛和墨囊Black Wool Wool & Ink Sac红色羊毛羊毛和玫瑰红Red Wool Wool & Rose Red橙色羊毛羊毛和橙色染料Orange Wool Wool & Orange Dye黄色羊毛羊毛和蒲公英黄Yellow Wool Wool & Dandelion Yellow黄绿色羊毛羊毛和黄绿色染料Lime Wool Wool & Lime Dye 建筑和装饰材料.建筑和装饰材料.建筑和装饰材料.建筑和装饰材料.建筑材料能被染色.建筑和装饰材料.建筑和装饰材料.建筑和装饰材料.绿色羊毛羊毛和仙人掌绿Green Wool Wool & Cactus Green淡蓝色羊毛羊毛和淡蓝色染料Light Blue Wool Wool & Light Blue Dye青色羊毛羊毛和青色染料Cyan Wool Wool & Cyan Dye蓝色羊毛羊毛和青金石染料Blue Wool Wool & Lapis Lazuli Dye紫色羊毛羊毛和紫色染料Purple Wool Wool & Purple Dye品红色羊毛羊毛和品红色染料Magenta Wool Wool & Magenta Dye粉红色羊毛羊毛和粉红色染料Pink Wool Wool & Pink Dye 棕色羊毛羊毛和可可豆Brown Wool Wool & Cocoa Beans 建筑和装饰材料.建筑和装饰材料.建筑和装饰材料.建筑和装饰材料.建筑和装饰材料.建筑和装饰材料.建筑和装饰材料.建筑和装饰材料.名称材料合成示意图描述玻璃瓶玻璃Glass Bottle Glass炼药锅铁锭Cauldron Iron Ingot酿造台烈焰棒和圆石Brewing Stand Blaze Rod & Cobblestone烈焰粉烈焰棒Blaze Powder Blaze Rod研究膏史莱姆和烈焰粉Magma Cream Slimeball & Blaze Powder发酵蜘蛛眼蜘蛛眼,棕色蘑菇和糖Fermented Spider Eye Spider Eye, Brown Mushroom& Sugar闪烁的西瓜西瓜片和金粒Glistering Melon Melon Slice & Gold Nugget用于药剂制作.用于酿造.填满玻璃瓶的水.用于酿造.用于制造末影眼和岩浆膏.用于药剂制作.炼金合成用于药剂制作.。
神化10万吨/年CCS项目第 1 页共 6 页SPECIFICATION OF MANUAL VALVE手动阀门技术规定手动阀门技术规定第 2 页共 6 页1 适用范围本规定适用于神华集团有限责任公司神华煤直接液化项目(先期工程)第二煤制氢装置中手动阀门的设计、选型、采购和检验。
本规定应该严格执行,除非得到设计者的同意,不允许变动。
2 一般要求本规定中的所有手动阀门的设计、制造和检验完全遵照相关的API、ASME和ASTM规范执行。
2.1 阀门连接长度和结构形式。
(特殊情况须经买方及业主认可)a) 钢制阀门的结构长度符合ASME B16.10/API594/API609的要求。
b) 阀门的连接端部符合ASME B16.25(对焊连接)或ASME B16.5 (法兰连接)的要求。
c) 承插焊和螺纹连接锻钢阀门按照API602标准。
d) 阀门的结构形式按照相关的API规范要求。
e) 如无特殊说明,压力等级≥900LB、DN≥2”的阀门应选用压力自紧式密封阀盖。
2.2 阀门的适用压力温度范围符合ASME B16.34的要求。
2.3 阀门的材料符合ASTM和API规范要求。
2.4 阀门的检验符合API598的要求。
2.5 软密封球阀、旋塞阀须符合API607、API6FA或BS6755 Part2的防火要求,并要求采取防静电设计。
2.6 其他特殊要求按照相关技术规定执行,并应遵守神华煤直接制油项目《管道材料选用规定》(SDCL-1ENG-PP-017)中关于阀门选用的规定。
3 操作方式如无特殊说明,在下表规定范围内的阀门需采用涡轮蜗杆操作方式。
压力等级闸阀截止阀球阀旋塞阀蝶阀≤150LB ≥16”≥12”≥8”≥4”≥8”300LB ≥14”≥10”≥6”≥4”≥6”600LB ≥12”≥8”≥4”≥4”≥4”900LB ≥8”≥6”≥4”≥4”≥4”1500LB ≥6”≥6”注:手柄或手轮开启到一半时,操作力不应超过35Kgf。
HP-UX系統维护手册第一章、故障诊断一、硬件故障诊断1.电缆连接注意计算机及各外设之间连线接触良好,不要无故拔插电缆;如果发生计算机不能识别某个设备,有可能是电缆的接触问题。
2.硬件状态指示灯如果发现系统工作不正常,可以观察硬件状态指示灯的情况。
开机后系统将自动完成自测试,诊断及引导启动代码。
检测顺序大致为:高速缓存,中央处理器,总线,内存,I/O设备。
当检测到相关的硬件时,对应的显示灯会亮。
硬盘,软盘,磁带机及光盘驱动器自检时,能从前面板上看到相应的灯亮一下,表明系统已经识别到上述设备。
相反,如果某驱动器的自检灯没亮,很可能是该设备有问题。
另外,主机背后的SCSI接口卡及网络接口卡上的自检指示灯亮为正常状态。
否则,可能该接口卡有问题。
发现这种问题,请马上与HP联系,考虑更换备件。
3.错误代码每次开机后,系统都会自动进行硬件自检及初始化,假如系统出现硬件故障,一般都不能正常启动,并在液晶显示屏及控制台上相应的显示出错误代码及出错信息。
若屏幕上出现ERROR且液晶显示上出现FLT,表明有故障发生,应根据上述提示确定故障点。
绝大部分硬件错误都能在自检时暴露出来,在液晶显示及控制台的左下角都有四位错误代码,格式:FLT xxxx.分析这四位代码可以进一步检测出故障的情况。
如下表列出了K系列计算机的错误代码,相应的故障原因及解决方案。
二、软件故障诊断常用命令来查看系统状态。
1.# ioscan -fn列出各I/O卡及设备的所有相关信息:如逻辑单元号,硬件地址及设备文件名等。
2.# ps -ef列出正在运行的所有进程的各种信息:如进程号及进程名等。
3.# netstat -rn列出网卡状态及路由信息等。
4.# lanscan列出网卡状态及网络配置信息。
5.# bdf列出已加载的逻辑卷及其大小信息。
6.# mount列出已加载的逻辑卷及其加载位置。
7.# uname -a列出系统ID 号,OS版本及用户权限等信息。
GPS英语专业词汇Acquisition Time: 初始定位时间Active Leg: 激活航线Adapter: 转接器、拾音器、接合器Airborne: 空运的、空降的、机载的、通过无线电传播的Alkaline: 碱性的、碱性Almanac: 历书、概略星历Anti-Spoofing: 反电子欺骗Artwork: 工艺、工艺图、原图ssAtomic Clock: 原子钟Auto-controlling: 自动控制Avionics: 航空电子工学;电子设备Azimuth: 方位角、方位(从当前位置到目的地的方向)Beacon: 信标Bearing: 方向,方位(从当前位置到目的地的方向)Bug: 故障、缺陷、干扰、雷达位置测定器、窃听器Built-in: 内置的、嵌入的Cellular: 单元的、格网的、蜂窝的、网眼的Cinderella: 水晶鞋、灰姑娘。
这里特指JA V AD GPS接收机OEM板的选项,能自动在隔周的星期二GPS午夜时刻开始的24小时内让您的Javad接收机和OEM板变为双频双系统。
Coarse Acquisition Code(C/A): 粗捕获码Cold Start: 冷启动Connector: 接头、插头、转接器Constellation: 星座Control Segment: 控制部分Converter: 转换器、交换器、换能器、变频管、变频器、转换反应堆Coordinate: 坐标Co-pilot: 飞机副驾驶Cost-effective: 成本低,收效大的Course: 路线、路程、航线Course Deviation Indicator (CDI): 航线偏航指示Course Made Good (CMG): 从起点到当前位置的方位Course Over Ground (COG): 对地航向Course To Steer(CTS): 到目的地的最佳行驶方向Crosstrack Error (XTE/XTK): 偏航De-emphasis: 去矫、去加重Definition: 清晰度Diagonal: 对角线、斜的、对角线的Distinguishability: 分辨率Dropping resistors: 减压电阻器、将压电阻器Datum: 基准Desired Track (DTK): 期望航线(从起点到终点的路线)Differential GPS (DGPS): 差分GPSDilution of Precision (DOP): 精度衰减因子Elevation: 海拔、标高、高度、仰角、垂直切面、正观图Enroute: 在航线上、航线飞行Ephemeris: 星历Estimated Position Error (EPE): 估计位置误差Estimated Time Enroute (ETE): 估计在途时间(已当前速度计算) Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA): 估计到达时间Front-loading data cartridges: 前载数据卡Geodesy: 大地测量学Global Positioning System(GPS): 全球定位系统GLONASS: 俄国全球定位系统GOTO: 从当前位置到另一航路点的航线Greenwich Mean Time: 格林威治时间Grid: 格网坐标Heading: 航向Headphone: 戴在头上的收话器、双耳式耳机Headset amplifier: 头戴式放大器High-contrast: 高对比度Intercom: 内部通信联络系统、联络用对讲电话装置Intersection: 空域交界Interface Option (I/O): 界面接口选项Initialization: 初始化Invert Route: 航线反转Jack: 插座、插孔Keypad: 键盘、按键Kinematic: 动态的L1 Frequency: GPS信号频率之一(1575.42 MHz)L2 Frequency: GPS信号频率之一(1227.6 MHz)Latitude: 纬度、纬线Leg (route): 航段,航线的一段Liquid Crystal Display (LCD): 液晶显示器Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS): 局域增强系统Localizer: 定位器、定位发射机、定位信标Longitude: 经度、经线Long Range Radio Direction Finding System (LORAN): 罗兰导航系统Magnetic North: 磁北Magnetic Variation: 磁偏角Map Display: 地图显示Meter: 米Mount: 安装、支架、装配、管脚、固定件Multiplexing Receiver: 多路复用接收机Multipath: 多路径Nautical Mile: 海里(1海里=1.852米).Navigation: 导航Navigation Message: 导航电文NA Vigation Satellite Timing and Ranging(NA VSTAR) Global Positioning System: GPS系统的全称National Marine Electronics Association (NMEA): (美国)国家航海电子协会NMEA 0183: GPS接收机和其他航海电子产品的导航数据输出格式North-Up Display: GPS屏幕显示真北向上Observatory: 观象台、天文台Offset: 偏移量Omnidirectional: 全向的、无定向的Orientation: 方位、方向、定位、倾向性、向东性Panel: 仪表盘、面板Panel-mount: 配电盘装配Parallel Channel Receiver: 并行通道接收机P-Code: P码Photocell: 光电管、光电池、光电元件Pinpoint: 极精确的、准确定位、准确测定、针尖Pixel: 象素Position: 位置Position Fix: 定位Position Format: 位置格式Power-on: 接通电源Pre-amplifier: 前置放大器Prime Meridian: 本初子午线Pseudo-Random Noise Code: 伪随机噪声码Pseudorange: 伪距Rack: 齿条、支架、座、导轨Resolution: 分辨率Route: 航线RS-232: 数据通信串口协议Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services (RTCM): 航海无线电技术委员会,差分信号格式Selective Availability (SA): 选择可用性Sidetone: 侧音Source: 信号源、辐射体Space Segment: 空间部分Speed Over Ground (SOG): 对地航速Specifcation: 详述、说明书、规格、规范、特性Split Comm: 分瓣通信Squelch:静噪音、静噪电路、静噪抑制电路Statute Mile: 英里(1英里=1,609米)Straight Line Navigation: 直线导航Strobe: 闸门、起滤波作用、选通脉冲、读取脉冲TracBack - 按航迹返航Track-Up Display - 航向向上显示Track (TRK): 航向Transceiver:步话机、收发两用机Transponder: 雷达应答机、(卫星通讯的)转发器、脉冲转发机Transducer: 渔探用探头、传感器Triangulation: 三角测量True North: 真北Turn (TRN): 现时航向和目的地之间的夹角Two-way: 双向的、双路的、双通的Universal Time Coordinated (UTC): 世界协调时间Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM): 通用横轴墨卡托投影U.S.C.G.: 美国海岸警卫队User Interface: 用户自定义界面User Segment: 用户部分Velocity Made Good (VMG): 沿计划航线上的航速Viewing angles: 视角Waypoint: 航路点Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS): 广域差分系统World Geodetic System - 1984(WGS-84): 1984年世界大地坐标系Windshield: 防风玻璃、防风罩Y-Code: 加密的P码Yoke: 架、座、轭、磁轭、磁头组、偏转线圈测量英语专用词汇MA-scope,MA型显示Mach number,马赫数machine code,机器代码machine intelligence,机器智能machine language,机器语言machine type rock ore densimeter,机械式岩矿密度仪macro analysis,常量分析macro instruction,宏指令macro-economic model,宏观经济模型macro-economic system,宏观经济系统macroassembly language,宏汇编语言magnet,磁铁magnet assembly,磁体magnet dynamic instrument,磁式动态仪器magnetic analyzer,磁分析器magnetic balance,磁秤magnetic card,磁卡magnetic core,磁心magnetic damper,磁性阻尼器magnetic deflection,磁偏转magnetic detector for lightning currents,闪电电流磁检示器magnetic disc,磁盘magnetic domain attachment,磁畴附件magnetic drum,磁鼓magnetic field,磁场magnetic field meter,磁场计magnetic field strength transducer[sensor],磁场强度传感器magnetic flaw detection ink,磁悬液magnetic flow transducer,磁性流量传感器magnetic flux transducer[sensor],磁通传感器magnetic grating displacement transducer,磁栅式位移传感器magnetic induced polariaxtion instrument,磁激电仪magnetic locator,磁定位器magnetic logger,磁测井仪magnetic oxygen transducer[sensor],磁式氧传感器magnetic particle,磁粉magnetic particle inspection,磁粉探伤机magnetic potentiometer,磁位计magnetic prospecting instrument,磁法勘探仪器magnetic(quantity)transducer[sensor],磁(学量)传感器magnetic resistivity instrument,磁电阻率仪magnetic resistor,磁敏电阻器magnetic rotaion comparison,磁旋比magnetic scale width meter[gauge],磁栅式宽度计magnetic screen[shield],磁屏蔽magnetic sensor,磁传感器magnetic separator,磁性分选仪magnetic storage,磁存储器magnetic susceptibility logger,磁化率测井仪magnetic tape,磁带magnetic tape unit,磁带机magnetic widn,磁风magnetization method,磁化方法magnetizer,充磁机magnetizing,磁化magnetizing assembly,磁化装置magnetizing coil,磁化线圈magnetizing current,磁化电流magnetizing time,磁化时间magneto electric balance,电磁天平magneto sensor,磁敏元件magnetoelastic effect,压磁效应magnetoelastic force transducer,磁弹性式力传感器magnetoelastic rolling force measuring instrument,磁弹性式轧制力测量仪magnetoelastic tensiometer,磁弹性式张力计magnetoelastic torque measuring instrument,磁弹性式转矩测量仪magnetoelastic torque transducer,磁弹性式转矩传感器magnetoelastic weighing cell,磁弹性式称重传感器magnetoelectric phase difference torque measuring instrument, 磁电相位差式转矩测量仪magnetoelectric phase difference torque transducer,磁电相位差林转矩传感器magnetoelectric tachometer,磁电式转速表magnetoelectric tachometric transducer,磁电式转速传感器magnetoelectric velocity measuring instrument,磁电工速度测量仪magnetoelectric velocity transducer,磁电式速度传感器magnetometer,磁强计;磁力仪magneto-optical effect magnetometer,磁阻磁强计magnetoresistive magentomenter,磁致伸缩磁力仪magnetostriction testing meter,磁致伸缩测试仪magnetostrictive transducer,磁致伸缩振动器magnetreater,磁处理机magentrol,磁放大器magnification,放大倍率magnitude-frequency characteristics,幅频特性magnitude margin,幅值裕度;幅值裕量magnitude-phase characteristics,幅相特性main axle of penetrator,压头主轴main storage,主存储器main valve,主阀maintainalbility,可维修性;可维护性;维修性;维修度maintenance,维修;维护maintenance test,维护试验major loop,主回路management decision,管理决策management information system(MIS),管理信息系统management level,管理级management science,管理科学manager,管理站Manchester encoding,曼彻斯特编码mandatory standard,强制性标准manipulated variable,操纵变量man-machice communication,人机通信man-machine coordination,人机控制man-machine coordination,人机协调man-machine interaction,人机交互man-machine interface,人机界面man-machine system,人机系统manned submersible,载人潜水器manometer,压力计manual control,手动控制manual data input programming,手动数据输入编程;人工数据输入编程manual operating device,手动装置manual operating mode,手动运转方式manual scanning,手动扫查manual station,手动操作器manufacturing automation protocol(MAP),制造自动化协议;生产自动化协议manufacturing message service(MMS),加工制造报文服务mapping,页面寻址;面分布图marine barometer,船用气压表marine digital seismic apparatus,海洋数字地震仪marine flux-gate magnetometer,海洋地球物理勘探marine gravimeter,海洋重力仪marine gravimeteric survey,海洋重力测量marine instrument,船用仪器仪表marine optical pumping magnetometer,海洋光泵磁力仪marine proton gradiometer,海洋质子梯度仪marine proton magnetometer,海洋质子磁力仪marine proton precession magnetometer,海洋质子磁力仪marine seismic prospectiong,海洋地震勘探marine seismic streamer,海洋地夺电缆;拖缆;漂浮电缆marine vibrating-string gravimeter,海洋振弦重力仪mark,标志mark of conformity,合格标志marking,标志marking of an instrument for explosive atmosphere,防爆仪表标志mass,质量mass absorption coefficient,质量吸收系数mass analyzed ion kinetic energy spectrometer(MIKES),质量分析离子动能谱仪mass analyzer,质量分析器mass centering,质量定心mass centering machine,质量定心机mass chromatography(MC),质量色谱法mass decade range,十倍质量程mass discrimination effect,质量歧视效应mass dispersion,质量色散mass flow computer,质量流量计算机mass flow-rate,质量流量mass flow rate senstive detector,质量流量敏感型检测器mass fragmentography(MF),质量碎片谱法mass indicator,质量指示器mass number,质量数mass peak,质量峰mass range,质量范围mass scanning,质量扫描mass spectrograph,质谱仪mass spectrometer,质谱计mass spectometric analysis,质谱法mass spectrometry(MS),质谱学;质谱法mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry(MS-MS),质谱-质谱法mass spectroscope,质谱仪器mass spectroscopy,质谱学mass spectrum,质谱mass-spring system,质量弹簧系统mass stability,质量稳定性mass storage,大容量存储器;海量存储器mass-to-charge ratio,质荷比master file,主文卷master/slave discrimination,主从鉴别;主副鉴别master station,主站master viscometer,标准粘度计material measure,实体量器material processibility,材料工艺性能material tesing machine,材料试验机mathematical model,数学模型mathematical similarity,数学相似mathematical simulation,数字仿真matrix correction,基本修正matrix effect,基体效应matrix printer,点阵印刷机;点阵打印机Mattauch-Herzog geometry(mass spectrograph),马-赫型双聚焦质谱法max allowable continuous working current,最大允许连续工作电流max deflection of linearity,最大线性偏转maximum acceleration,最大加速度maximum allowde deviation,最大允许扁差maximum ballistic scanning,最大冲击拂掠maximum capacity,最大称量maximum cyclic load,最大循环负荷maximum cyclic stress,最大循环应力maximum displacement,最大位移maximum excitation,最大激励maximum floating voltage,最大浮置电压maximum flow-rate,最大流量maximum load of the test,最大试验负荷maximum load of the testing machine,试验机最大负荷maximum operating pressure differential,最大工作压差maximum operationg water depth,最大工作(水)深度maximum output inductance,最大输出电感maximum output resistance,最大输出电阻maximum overshoot,最大超调量maximum peneration power,最大穿透力maximum power supply voltage,最高电源电压maximum principle,极大值原理;最大值原理maximum profit programming,最大利润规划maximum rated circumferential magnetizing current, 额定周向磁化电流;最大周向磁化电流maximum rated force under sinusoidal conditions,正弦态最大激振力maximum revolutions of output shaft,输出轴最大转数maximum scale value,标度终点值maximum sound pressure level of microphone,传声器最高声压级maximum strain,最大应变maximum temperature,最高温度maximum thermometer,最高温度计;最高温度表maximum transverse load,最大横向负荷maximum velocity,最大速度maximum wind speed,最大风速maximum working pressure(MWP),最大工作压力McLeod vacuum gauge,麦氏真空计mean availability,平均轴就流体速度mean dynamic pressure in a cross-section,横截面内的平均动压(mean) effective mavelength,(平均)有效波长mean flow-rate,平均流量mean life,平均寿命mean linear velocity of mobile phase,流动相平均线速mean load,平均负荷mean repair time(MRT),平均修理时间mean squared spectral density,均方谱密度mean strain,平均应变mean stress,平均应力mean time between failures(MTBF),平均失效间隔时间mean time to failure(MTTF),平均失效前时间mean time to restoration,平均体膨胀系数meantime auto-spectrometer,同时式自动光谱仪(measurable)quantity,(可测的)量measurand,被测量measured object,被测对象measured quantiry,被测量(measure)target,(被测)目标measured value,被测值measured variable,被测变量measurement,测量measurement hardware,测量硬件measurement of directional response pattern,指向性响应图案测量measurement of exciting force,激振力的测量measurement of vibration quantity,振动量的测量measurement procedure,测量步骤measurement signal,测量信号measurement standand,测量标准(器)measurement time,测量时间measuring amplifier,测量放大器measuring bridge,测量电桥measuring current transformer,测量用电流互感器measuring distance,测量距离measuring element(of an electro-mechanical measuring instrument), (电-机械测量仪表的)测量机构measuring equipment,测量装置;测量设备measuring hole,测量孔measuring indication system,测量指示装置measuring instrument,测量(仪器)仪表;测量器具measuring instrument with circuit control device,带有电路控制器件的测量仪表measuring junction,测量端区measuring microphone,测试传声器measuring plane,测量平面measuring point for the humidity,湿度测定点measuring point for the temperature,温度测定点(measuring)potentiometer,(测量)电位差计measuring range,测量范围measuring range higher limit,测量范围上限值measuring range lower limit,测量范围下限值measuring section,测量段measuring spark gap,测量球隙measuring system,测量系统measuring terminal,测量端measuring time,测量时间(measuring)transducer,(测量)传感器measuring transducer(with electrical output),(电量输出)测量变换器measuring voltage transformer,测量用电压互感器mechanical bathythermograph(MBT),机械式深温计mechanical hygrometer,机械湿度计mechanical impedance,机械阻抗mechanical properties,机械性能mechanical quantity,机械量mechanical quantity transducer[sensor],力学量传感器mechanical regulator,机械稳速器mechanical resonance,机械共振mechanical resonance frequency of the moving element,运动部件机械共振频率mechanical resonance frequency of the moving element suspension, 运动部件悬挂机械共振频率mechanical runout,机械脱出mechanical sensor,力敏元件mechanical shock,机械冲击mechanical strain,机械应变mechanical structure type transducer[sensor],结构型传感器mechanical test,机械性能试验mechanical testing machine,机械式试验机mechanical top-loading balance,机械式上皿天平mechanical vibration,(机械)振动mechanical vibrator,机械振动器mechanical vibraometer,机械测振仪mechanical zero,机械零位mechanical zero adjuxter,机械零位调节器mechanism model,机理模型medium temperature strain gauge,中温应变计(片)mel,美(音调的单位)melted quartz cqpacitor,熔融石英电容器melting heat,熔解热melting point,熔解点melting point type disposable fever thermeometer,熔点型消耗式温度计memory,存储器memory protection,存储保护Mendeleev weighing,门捷列夫称量法meniscus,弯月面menu selection mode,选单选择式;菜单选择式meroury barometer,水银气压表mercury drop amplitude,汞滴振幅mercury motor meter,水银电机式仪表mercury pool electrode,示池电极mercury thermoneter,水银温度表message,报文message mode,报文方式message switching,报文交换messenger,使锤metal base indicated electrode,金属基指示电极metal-ceramic X-ray tube,金属陶瓷X射线管metal-insoluble salt indicated electrode,金属-难溶盐指示电极metal-oxide gas transducer[sensor],金属氧化物气体传感器metal-oxide humidity transducer[sensor],金属氧化物湿度传感器metal-spring gravimeter,金属弹簧重力仪metallic material testing machine,金属材料试验机metallurgical automation,冶金自动化metastable dceomposition,亚稳分解metastable defocussing,亚稳去聚焦metastable ion,亚稳离子metastable scanning,亚稳扫描meteorograph,气象计meteorological instrument,气象仪器meteorological observation,气象观测meteorological radar,气象雷达meteorological rocket,气象火箭meteorological satellite,气象卫星meteorological tower,气象塔meter,计;表meter electrodes,测量电极meter flow-rate,仪表流量meter for testing constant current fluxreset curve,恒流磁通回归曲线测试仪meter tube(of an electromagnetic flowmeter),(电磁流量计的)测量管meter wheel,绳索记数器meter with maximum demand indicator,最大需量电度表meters(for the measurement of the volume of fluids),(测量流体体积的)仪表meters for measuring amplitude by a reading microscope,读数显微镜测振幅法method for measuring amplitude by a wedge gauge,量楔测振幅法method of coreection,校正方法method of electron diffraction,电子衍射法method of field emission microscope(FEM),场发射显微镜法method of field parameter measurement,场参数测量法meteod of instability,不稳定法method of least squqres,最小二乘方法method of measurement,测量方法method of modal balancing,振型平衡法method of spot parameter measurement,点参数测量法method standard,方法标准metrological performance,计量性能mica capacitor,云母电容器imcro adsorption detector,微量吸附检测器micro analysis,微量分析micro balance,微量天平micro coulometric detector,微库仑检测器microbarograph,微(气)压计microbarometer,微压表microcomputer,微(型)计算机microcomputer alternating current resistivity instrument,微机化交流电阻率仪器micro-computer field measuring system,微电脑野外检测系统microcomputer induced polarization instrument,微机激电仪micro-densitometer,微密度计micro-economic model,微观经济模型micro-economic system,微观经济系统micro-heat of adsorption detector,微量吸附热检测器micro-packed column,微填充柱microhardness number,显微硬度值micrometer,测微器micrometer checker,千分表检查仪microphone,传声器microphone calibration apparatus,传声器械校准仪microphone protection grid,传声器保护罩microphone response frequency,传声器共振频率microphone stand,传声器架microphone temperature coefficient,传声器温度系数microphotometer,测微光度计micropluviometer,微雨量器microtome,超薄切片机microwave,微波microwave detecton apparatus,微波检测仪microwave distance method,微波探伤法microwave distance meter,微波测距仪microwave hygroscope,微波测湿仪microwave plasma detector,微波等离子体检测器microwave radar,微波雷达microwave radiometer,微波辐射计microwave remote sensing,微波遥感micro-wave scatterometer,微波散射计microwave thickness meter,微波厚度计mid infrared range(MIR) remote sensing,中红外遥感minimum achievable residual unbalance,最小可达剩余不平衡量minimum cyclic load,最小循环应力minimum detectable leak,最小可检漏量minimum detectable partial pressure,最小可检分压强minimum flow-rate,最小流量minmum load of the testing machine,试验机最小负荷minimum operationg pressure differential,最小工作压差minimum phase system,最小相位系统minimum positioning time,最小定位时间minimum power supply voltage,最低电源电压minimum rate of benefit,最低收益率minimum reserve,最低储备iminmum risk estimation,最小风险估计minimum scale value,标度始点值minimum strain,最小应变minimum temperature,最低温度minimum thermometer,最低温度计;最低温度表minimum variance estimation,最小方差估计mining compass,矿山罗盘仪mirror dial,镜大幅度盘mirror telescope,反射望远镜mixing length,混合长度mixing ratio,混合比mobile phase,流动相mobile weather station,流动气象站mobile X-ray detection apparatus,移动式X射探伤机modal aggregation,模态集结modal control,模态控制modal matrix,模态矩阵modal transformation,模态变换mode of vibration,振型;振动模态mode shape,振形model,模型;型号model accuracy,模型精确度model analysis,模型分析model base(MB),模型库model base management system(MBMS),模型库管理系统model checking,模型置信度model coordination method,模型协调法model decomposition,模型分解model design,模型设计model evaluation,模型评价model experiment,模型实验model fidelity,模型逼真度model following control system,模型跟踪控制系统model following controller,模型跟踪控制器model loading,模型装载model modification,模型修改model of strain gauge,应变计[片]型式model reduction,模型降价model reduction method,模型降价法model reference adaptive control system,模型参考适应控制系统model reference control system,模型参考控制系统model simplification,模型简化model transformation,模型变换model validation,模型确认model variable,模型变量model verification,模型验证modeling,建模modern control theory,现代控制理论modern polarography,近代极谱法modifiability,可修改性modular programming,模块化程序设计modularity,组合性modularization,模块化modulation,调制modulation analysis,调制分析modulation sideband,调制边带modulator,调制器modulator-demodulator;modem,调制解调器module,模块modulus of elasticity,弹性模量moire fringe,莫尔条纹moire frenge grating,莫尔条纹光栅moisture content,含湿量;水汽含量moisture sensor,湿敏元件molecular absorption spectrometry,分子吸收光谱法molecular beam mass spectrometer,调制分子束质谱计molecular spectrum,分子光谱molecule ion,分子离子moment,分矩moment of pendulum,摆锤力矩monitoring,监视monitoring hardware,监视硬件monitoring program,监督程序monochromatic radiation,单色辐射monochromator,单色仪monocolour radiation,单色辐射monopole mass spectrometer,单极质谱计most economic control(MEC),最经济控制most economic observing(MEO),最经济观测mould growth test,长霉试验mould test chamber,霉菌试验箱mouldproof packaging,防霉包装mountain barometer,高山气压表mouse,鼠标器movable cross-beam,移动横梁movement,传动机构moving band interface,传送带接口moving coil,动圈moving ciol galvanometer,动圈式[磁电系]检流计moving-coil microphone,动圈传声器moving-conductor microphone,电动传声器moving element,运动部件;可动部分moiving-iron instrument,动铁式[电磁系)仪表moving-megnet galvanometer,动磁系振动子moving-magnet instrument,动磁式仪表moving point device,移点器moving-scale instrument,动标度尺式仪表moving table,滑台MS-MS scanning,质谱—质谱法扫描mud flow meter,泥浆流量计mud hydrometer,泥浆比重计mud logger,泥浆电阻仪mud lubrification meter,泥浆润滑性测定仪mud resistance meter,泥浆电阻仪mud sand content meter,泥浆含砂量测定仪mud wavter loss meter,泥浆失水量测定仪multi-axial strain gauge,多轴应变计multi band seismograph,多频带地震仪multichannel analyzer,多道分析器multichannel cross correlation,多通道互相关multi-channel logging truck,多线式自动测井仪;测井站multi-channel photo-recorder,多线照相记录仪multi-channel pulse height analyzer,多道脉冲高度分析仪multi-channel X-ray spectrometer,多道X射线光谱仪multi collectors mass spectrometer,多接收器质谱计multi-colour radiation thermometer,多色辐射温度计multi-colour thermometry,多色测温法multi-core type current transformer,多铁心型电流互感器multi crystal thermistor,多昌热敏电阻器multi-frequeny channel ground detector,多频道地电仪multi-runction(measuring)instrument,多功能(测量)仪表multi-function transducer[sensor],多功能传感器multi-idler belt conveyor scale,多托辊电子皮带秤multi-input multi-output control system;MIMO control system,多输入多输出控制系统multi-path diagonal-beam ultrasonic flowmeter,多声道斜束式超声流量计multi-plane balancing,多面平衡multi-objective decision,多目标决策multi-plate trim,多层叠板工节流组件multi-range(measuring)instrument,多范围(测量)仪表multi-rate meter,复费率电度表mulit-scale(measuring)instrument,多标度尺(测量)仪表mulit-stage accelerating electron gun,多极加速电子枪multistage flash distillation method for desalination,多级闪急蒸馏淡化法multi-step action,多位作用multi-step controller,多位控制器multi-turn electric actuator,多转电动执行机构multi-user simulation,多用户仿真multidimensional gas chromatograph,多维气相色谱仪multidimensional gas chromatography,多维气相色谱法multilayer control,多层控制multilayer system,多层系统multilevel computer control system,多级计算机控制系统multilevel control,多级控制multievel coordination,多级协调multilevel decision,多级决策multievel process,多级过程multilevel system,多级系统multilink,多链路multiloop control,多回路控制multiloop control system,多回路控制系统multiloop controller,多回路控制器multimeter,万用电表multiple channel recorder,多通道记录仪multiple echo method,多次反射法multiple-jet water meter,多注束水表multiple scattering event,多重散射过程multiple-sensor cross correlation,多传感器互相关multiple-speed floationg action,多速无定位作用multiple-speed floation controller,多速无定位控制器multiple step plug,多级阀芯multiple tide staff,群验潮杆;水尺组multiplex link,复用链路multiplexer,多路转换器;多路转接器multiplexing,多路复用multipoint connection,多点连接multipoint network,多点网络multipoint recorder,多点记录仪multiprocessing,多道处理;多处理机multiprogramming,多道程序设计multiprojecting plotter,多位投影测图仪multisegment model,多段模型multispectral camera,多光谱照相机multispectral scanner(MSS),多光谱扫描仪multistage decision process,多段决策过程multistate logic,多态逻辑multistratum control,多段控制multistratum system,多段系统multivariable control system,多变量控制系统。
LINE SERVICE IDENTIFICATIONSYMBOL SERVICE符号帮助AIR SYSTEMS空气系统IA INSTRUMENT AIR仪表风PA PLANT AIR工厂风DA 烧焦空气STEAM AND CONDENSATE SYSTEMS蒸汽和凝液系统HC HIGH PRESSURE CONDENSATE高压蒸汽凝液MC MEDIUM PRESSURE CONDENSATE中压蒸汽凝液LC LOW PRESSURE CONDENSATE低压蒸汽凝液SC SURFACE CONDENSATE表面凝液DS DILUTION STEAM稀释蒸汽HS HIGH PRESSURE SREAM高压蒸汽MS MEDIUM PRESSURE STEAM中压蒸汽LS SUPERHEA TED LOW PRESSURE STEAM 过热低压蒸汽PS SATURATED LOW PRESSURE STEAM饱和低压蒸汽SHS SUPER HIGH PRESSURE STEAM超高压蒸汽DRAIN SYSTEMS排放系统CD CHEMICAL DRAIN化污LD LIQUID DRAIN液体排放ND NON-CONTAMINATED POLLUTION DRAIN无污染排放OD OIL Y DRAIN油污EXHAUST AND VENT SYSTEMSAV ATMOSPHERIC VENT (NOT FROM PSV) 通大气(不从安全阀)SV SAFETY V ALVE TO A TMOSPHERE安全伐排大气FLARE SYSTEMS火炬系统DF DRY FLARE干火炬WF WET FLARE湿火炬GAS SYSTEMS气体系统FG FUEL GAS燃料气HG HYDROGEN氢气NG NITROGEN氮气SPECIAL LIQUID SYSTEMS特殊液体系统CL CAUSTIC腐蚀性QO QUENCH OIL急冷油SO SEAL OIL密封油WO W ASHING OIL冲洗油(压缩机)PROCESS SERVICE (NORMAL)P PROCESS工艺REFRIGERANT SYSTEMSBR BINARY REFRIGERANT二元制冷PR PROPYLENE REFRIGERANT丙烯冷剂WATER SYSTEMS水系统BFW BOILER FEED WATER锅炉给水FW FIRE WATER消防水IW INTERMEDIATE WATER二次水CWR COOLING WA TER RETURN冷却水回水CWS COOLING WATER SUPPL Y冷却水PW POLISHED WA TER工艺水QW QUENCH WA TER急冷水UW UTILITY WATER工业水WW WASTE W ATER废水MISCELLANEOUS ABBREVIATION AND SERVICE SYMBOLS各种缩写和符号A AIR MOTOR空气马达ACC ACCESSIBLE可接近的ATM ATMOSPHERE大气BL BATTERY LIMIT界区BTS BUBBLE TIGHT SHUT-OFF缓慢紧密切断BV BY VENDOR由供应商提供CONN CONNECTION连接CSC CAR SEAL CLOSED关闭锁定CSO CAR SEAL OPEN打开锁定DEC DETAIL ENGINEERING CONTRACTOR工程承包商详细资料EOR END OF RUN运行结束SOREW EYEW ASH洗眼FLG FLANGE法兰LC LOCKED CLOSED锁定关闭LO LOCKED OPEN锁定打开NC NORMALL Y CLOSED正常情况下关闭NNF NORMALL Y NO FLOW正常情况下无流量NO NORMALL Y OPEN正常情况下打开S SAMPLE CONNECTION取样点SC SAMPLE CONNECTION WITH COOLER 连接冷却器的取样点SOR START OF RUN开始运行SR STRAINER过滤器SS SAFETY SHOWER安全喷淋T LINE DRIP TRAP疏水器TSO TIGHT SHUT OFF密闭切断UC UTILITY CONNECTION公用工程接口LINESMAIN LINE主线SECONDARY LINE副线UNDERGROUND OR BURY地下或隐藏ELECTRICALL Y TRACED电缆线SPECIAL TRACED特殊管线STEAM TRACED蒸汽伴热JACKETED夹套PACKAGED EQUIP BOUNDARY成套设备分界线BA TTERY LIMIT BOUNDARY界区分界线FUTURE未来MATERIAL SPEC BREAK材料规格分界点DESIGN BREAK设计分界点BELOW GROUND LINE RISING ABOVE GRADE 地管伸出点BREAK OF REPONSIBILITY责任分界点MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS各种细节ROD OUT CONNECTIONCLEAN OUT CONNECTION (FLUSHING)清理接口(冲洗)REMOV ABLE SPOOL可拆除短管NOZZLE OR PIPE WITH BLIND FLANGE带盲法兰的喷嘴或管线SPACER FOR BLIND盲管位置NORMALL Y CLOSED正常情况下关闭NORMALL Y OPEN正常情况下打开FIGURE BB 图REVERSIBLE BLIND8字盲板ORIFICE SWAGE孔板INSULATED FLANGED JOINT保温法兰连接PIPE CAP (WELDED)管帽(焊接)PIPE CAP (SCREWED)管帽(法兰)REDUCER变径管T-STRAINERT型过滤器PERMANENT Y-STRAINER (WITH V ALVE) 带阀门Y型过滤器TEMPORARY STRAINER临时过滤器HOSE CONNECTION软管接口SAMPLE CONNECTION取样口**-SERVICE SYMBOL符号说明SEQUENCE NUMBER序列号OPEN DRAIN HUB敞口集液器MATERIAL BALANCE STREAM NUMBER 物流号CONTINUTY ARROW延续箭头INITIAL FEED初始进料GRADE等级TRENCH地沟LINE IDENTIFICATION管线说明INSULATION CODE保温代码MATERIAL SPECIFICATION材质BRANCH IDENTIFIER分支标识SEQUENCE NUMBER管线号PROCESS SECTION AREA(MAY BE SINGLE DIGIT) 工艺区LINE SERVICE SYMBOL管线符号说明LINE SIZE管线尺寸V ALVESGA TE V ALVE闸阀BUTTERFL Y VALVE蝶阀DIAPHRAGM V ALVE隔膜阀GLOBE V ALVE球阀NEEDLE V ALVE针型阀PLUG V ALVE截止阀BALL VALVE球阀CHECK VALVE止逆阀STOP CHECK V ALVE(BOILER NON-RETURN V ALVE) 带手轮止逆阀THREE 0R FOUR V ALVE三通或四通阀MULTI PORT PLUG多向切断阀ANGLE V ALVE角阀DUAL TANDEM BLOWNDOWN V ALVES两段排污阀RAN TYPE V ALVER型阀T-TYPE GLOBE V ALVET型球阀AUTOMA TIC RECIRCULATION V ALVE自动再循环阀INTERLOCKED V ALVES(MECHANICAL LINK))机械联动阀QUICK OPENING OR CLOSING V ALVE快速开关阀V ALVE WITH BODY CA VITY RELIEF OR BODY BLEED CONNECTION 带有排放阀的阀门DAMPER挡板APPROPRIATE ABBREVIATION合适的缩写SLIDE GATE V ALVE滑动闸阀EQUIPMENT IDENTIFACATION设备符号SUPPLIED WITH VENDOR EQUIPMENT供应商提供的设备SPARE(A,B,C,ETC USED IF PARALLEL UNITS)同一设备的编号SEQUENCE NUMBER序列号AREA NUMBER区号EQUIPMENT CODE OF ACCOUNT设备代码UNIT DESIGNATION单元名称E –ETHYLENE乙烯H - DPG HYDROGENA TION汽油加氢U - UTILITY & OFF SITE公用工程PIPING SPECIALTY ITEMS AND MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT特殊管项和各种设备ALL PIPING SPECIALTY ITEMS ARE IDENTIFIED所有特殊管线有以下注明SEQUENCE NUMBER ( NUMBERED IN SAME WAY AS INSTRUMENT ) 序列号(与仪表排序相同)EXHAUST HEAD负呀总管ATOMPHERIC VENT WITH WEATHER CAP防雨放空管DUPLEX STRAINER相同的过滤器PERMANENT BASKET STRAINER提篮式过滤器FLEXIBLE HOSE金属软管EXPANSION JOINT膨胀节INLINE MIXERS OR VENTURI TYPE DESUPER HEATER内嵌式混合器或文丘里型混合器SILENCER消音器EJECTOR OR EDUCTOR喷射器FILTER过滤器FILTER WITH HOOD带罩过滤器CONDENSATE TRAP (NON-PROCESS)凝液疏水器FIRE PROTECTION消防FIRE HYDRANT消防炮FIRE HYDRANT WITH MONITOR带监视器的消防栓FIRE HYDRANT WITH PUPPER CONNECTION 消防栓HOSE HOUSE消防箱V ALVE WITH INDICATOR POST带指示的阀MONITOR监视器EM IF ELEVA TEDPUMP泵CENTRIFUGAL离心泵METERING OR RECIPROCATING计量泵或往复式泵ROTARY {GEAR ,SCREW }齿轮泵VERTICAL SUMP PUMP立式污水泵VERTICAL CANNEDPUMP (PFD ONL Y ALL TYPES)泵LIQUID RING V ACUUM PUMP水环式真空泵COMPRESSOR压缩机SINGLE STAGE RECIPROCATINGMULTI-STAGE RECIPROCA TINGCENTRIFUGAL离心式ROTARY旋转式BLOWER FAN鼓风机BLOWER (PFD ONL Y ALL TYPES)鼓风机COMPRESSOR (PFD ONL Y)压缩机SCREW螺杆式DRIVER驱动装置ELECTRIC MOTOR电动马达DIESEL ENGINE .ETC柴油发动机APPROPRIATE ABBREVIATION相应的缩写A AIR空气D DIESEL柴油H HYDRAULIC水力的M ELECTRIC电气的STEAM TURBINE蒸汽涡轮EXPANDER扩大室HEAT EXCHANGER换热器SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER管壳式换热器HORIZONTAL SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER 水平式管壳式换热器VERTICAL SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER垂直式管壳式换热器SINGEL SECTION DOUBLE PIPE EXCHANGERTWO SECTION DOUBLE PIPE EXCHANGERAIR COOLER空冷器AIR COOLER (PFD ONL Y)空冷器KETTLE TYPE REBOILER OR STEAM GENERATOR KETTLE TYPE EXCHANGER (PFD ONL Y)GRAPHITE BLOCK TYPE EXCHANGERPLATE EXCHANGERDRAWING IDENTIFICATION图形说明REVISION NO.修订号DRAWING NO.图号AREA NO.区号JOB NO.工号DRAWING SIZEVESSELS AND FURNACES容器和炉子FLOATING ROOF TANK浮顶罐CONE ROOF TANK WITH INTERNAL COIL带内盘管锥型顶罐COLUMN柱型PACKINGINTERNAL BAFFLEVORTEX BREAKER旋风分离器CABIN TYPE HEATER WITH EXTERNAL CROSS-OVERSHORIZONAL TYPE HEATER WITH INTERNAL CROSSOVERS 内部有交叉的水平加热管VESSEL ELEVATIONS离地面高度INSULATION CODE保温代码D ANTI-SWEAT INSULATION防水保温E ELECTRICAL TRACINGF FULL HEAT CONSERV ATIONH NORMAL HEAT CONSERV A TION一般保温M DUAL SERVICE INSULATIONP PERSONNEL PROTECTION防护人员S SPECIAL特殊的T STEAM TRACINGV ACOUSTICAL听力的BREAK OF RESPONSIBILITYSYMBOL FOR LOCATION OF TIE-IN POINT CONNECTEDU NEW ETHYLENE STORAGE AREA乙烯新区的V OSBL (ON NORTH SIDE RACK)W OSBL (ON MAIN RACK IN FRONT OF NEW HEATER)X OSBL (ON SOUTH SIDE RACK)Y OSBL (COOLING WATER)E EXISTING AREAD DPG AREAC4 C4 HYDRO AREAD(W) DPG AREA AND THROUGH THE TIE-IN POINT(W) ON THE RACKC4(U) C4 HYDRO AREA AND THROUGH THE TIE-IN POINT(U) ON THE RACKE(W) EXISTING AREA AND THROUGH TIE-IN POINT(W) ON THE RACKE(X) EXISTING AREA AND THROUGH TIE-IN POINT(X) ON THE RACKGENERAL NOTES1. FOR INSTRUMENTA TION SYMBOLS SEE DWG NO.0005B仪表符号参阅图DWG NO.0005B2. FLOW DIAGRAMS ARE DIAGRAMA TIC ONL Y 。
MC1403, BLow Voltage ReferenceA precision band−gap voltage reference designed for critical instrumentation and D/A converter applications. This unit is designed to work with D/A converters, up to 12 bits in accuracy, or as a reference for power supply applications.•Output V oltage: 2.5 V "25 mV•Input V oltage Range: 4.5 V to 40 V•Quiescent Current: 1.2 mA Typical•Output Current: 10 mA•Temperature Coefficient: 10 ppm/°C Typical •Guaranteed Temperature Drift Specification•Equivalent to AD580•Standard 8−Pin DIP, and 8−Pin SOIC PackageTypical Applications•V oltage Reference for 8 to 12 Bit D/A Converters•Low T C Zener Replacement•High Stability Current Reference•V oltmeter System Reference•Pb−Free Package is AvailableMAXIMUM RATINGS (T= 25°C, unless otherwise noted.)Maximum ratings are those values beyond which device damage can occur. Maximum ratings applied to the device are individual stress limit values (not normal operating conditions) and are not valid simultaneously. If these limits are exceeded, device functional operation is not implied, damage may occur andreliability may be affected.See detailed ordering and shipping information in the package dimensions section on page 6 of this data sheet.ORDERING INFORMATIONFigure 1. A Reference for Monolithic D/A Converters+5.0 VProviding the Reference Currentfor ON Semiconductor Monolithic D/A Converters The MC1403 makes an ideal reference for many mono-lithic D/A converters, requiring a stable current reference of nominally 2.0 mA. This can be easily obtained from the MC1403 with the addition of a series resistor, R1. A variable resistor, R2, is recommended to provide means for full−scale adjust on the D/A converter.The resistor R3 improves temperature performance by matching the impedance on both inputs of the D/A reference amplifier. The capacitor decouples any noise present on the reference line. It is essential if the D/A converter is located any appreciable distance from the reference.A single MC1403 reference can provide the required current input for up to five of the monolithic D/A converters.*Guaranteed but not tested.This device contains 15 active transistors.Figure 2. MC1403, B SchematicT A , TEMPERATURE (°C)Figure 3. Typical Change in V out versus V in(Normalized to V in = 15 V @ T C = 25°C)Figure 4. Change in Output Voltageversus Load Current(Normalized to V out @ V in = 15 V, I out = 0 mA)V in , INPUT VOLTAGE (V)2.01.0−1.0−2.0−3.0−4.0−5.0−6.01020304050V , C H A N G E I N V o u t (m V )∆o u t I out , OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)∆V o u t , C H A N G E I N O U T P U T V O L T A G E (m V )109.08.07.06.05.04.03.02.01.001.02.03.04.05.06.07.08.09.010I 1, Q U I E S C E N T C U R R E N T (m A )Figure 7. Change in V out versus Temperature(Normalized to T A = 25°C, V in = 15 V, I out = 0 mA)3−1/2−Digit Voltmeter − Common Anode Displays, Flashing OverrangeAn example of a 3−1/2−digit voltmeter using the MC14433 is shown in the circuit diagram of Figure 8. The reference voltage for the system uses an MC1403 2.5 V reference IC. The full scale potentiometer can calibrate for a full scale of 199.9 mV or 1.999 V . When switching from 2.0 V to 200 mV operation, R I is also changed, as shown on the diagram.When using R C equal to 300 k W , the clock frequency for the system is about 66 kHz. The resulting conversion time is approximately 250 ms.When the input is overrange, the display flashes on and off. The flashing rate is one−half the conversion rate. Thisis done by dividing the EOC pulse rate by 2 with 1/2MC14013B flip−flop and blanking the display using the blanking input of the MC14543B.The display uses an LED display with common anode digit lines driven with an MC14543B decoder and an MC1413 LED driver. The MC1413 contains 7 Darlington transistor drivers and resistors to drive the segments of the display. The digit drive is provided by four MPS−A12Darlington transistors operating in an emitter−follower configuration. The MC14543B, MC14013B and LED displays are referenced to V EE via Pin 13 of the MC14433.This places the full power supply voltage across the display.The current for the display may be adjusted by the value of the segment resistors shown as 150 W in Figure 8.Figure 8. 3−1/2−Digit Voltmeter0.1 VORDERING INFORMATIONSpecifications Brochure, BRD8011/D.PDIP −8CASE 626−05ISSUE PDATE 22 APR 2015SCALE 1:1NOTE 8XXXXXXXXXAWL YYWWGGENERICMARKING DIAGRAM*XXXX = Specific Device Code A = Assembly Location WL = Wafer Lot YY = YearWW = Work WeekG = Pb −Free Package*This information is generic. Please refer to device data sheet for actual part marking.Pb −Free indicator, “G” or microdot “ G ”,may or may not be present.WITH LEADS CONSTRAINEDDIM MIN MAX INCHES A −−−−0.210A10.015−−−−b 0.0140.022C 0.0080.014D 0.3550.400D10.005−−−−e 0.100 BSC E 0.3000.325M−−−−10−−− 5.330.38−−−0.350.560.200.369.0210.160.13−−−2.54 BSC 7.628.26−−−10MIN MAX MILLIMETERSNOTES:1.DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ASME Y14.5M, 1994.2.CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCHES.3.DIMENSIONS A, A1 AND L ARE MEASURED WITH THE PACK-AGE SEATED IN JEDEC SEATING PLANE GAUGE GS −3.4.DIMENSIONS D, D1 AND E1 DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS. MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS ARE NOT TO EXCEED 0.10 INCH.5.DIMENSION E IS MEASURED AT A POINT 0.015 BELOW DATUM PLANE H WITH THE LEADS CONSTRAINED PERPENDICULAR TO DATUM C.6.DIMENSION eB IS MEASURED AT THE LEAD TIPS WITH THE LEADS UNCONSTRAINED.7.DATUM PLANE H IS COINCIDENT WITH THE BOTTOM OF THE LEADS, WHERE THE LEADS EXIT THE BODY .8.PACKAGE CONTOUR IS OPTIONAL (ROUNDED OR SQUARE CORNERS).E10.2400.280 6.107.11b2eB −−−−0.430−−−10.920.060 TYP 1.52 TYP cA20.1150.195 2.92 4.95L 0.1150.150 2.92 3.81°°NOTE 5STYLE 1:PIN 1.AC IN2.DC + IN3.DC − IN4.AC IN5.GROUND6.OUTPUT7.AUXILIARY8.V CCSOIC −8 NB CASE 751−07ISSUE AKDATE 16 FEB 2011NOTES:1.DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982.2.CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER.3.DIMENSION A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION.4.MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 (0.006)PER SIDE.5.DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBARPROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.127 (0.005) TOTAL IN EXCESS OF THE D DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION.6.751−01 THRU 751−06 ARE OBSOLETE. NEW STANDARD IS 751−07.SCALE 1:1STYLES ON PAGE 2DIM A MIN MAX MIN MAX INCHES4.805.000.1890.197MILLIMETERSB 3.80 4.000.1500.157C 1.35 1.750.0530.069D 0.330.510.0130.020G 1.27 BSC 0.050 BSC H 0.100.250.0040.010J 0.190.250.0070.010K 0.40 1.270.0160.050M 0 8 0 8 N 0.250.500.0100.020S5.806.200.2280.244MYM0.25 (0.010)YM0.25 (0.010)Z SXS____XXXXX = Specific Device Code A = Assembly Location L = Wafer Lot Y = YearW = Work WeekG = Pb −Free PackageGENERICMARKING DIAGRAM*8ICDiscrete 0.60.024ǒmm inchesǓSCALE 6:1*For additional information on our Pb −Free strategy and soldering details, please download the ON Semiconductor Soldering and Mounting Techniques Reference Manual, SOLDERRM/D.SOLDERING FOOTPRINT*Discrete(Pb −Free)IC (Pb −Free)XXXXXX = Specific Device Code A = Assembly Location Y = Year WW = Work Week G = Pb −Free Package*This information is generic. Please refer todevice data sheet for actual part marking.Pb −Free indicator, “G” or microdot “G ”, may or may not be present. Some products may not follow the Generic Marking.SOIC −8 NB CASE 751−07ISSUE AKDATE 16 FEB 2011STYLE 4:PIN 1.ANODE2.ANODE3.ANODE4.ANODE5.ANODE6.ANODE7.ANODEMON CATHODE STYLE 1:PIN 1.EMITTER2.COLLECTOR3.COLLECTOR4.EMITTER5.EMITTER6.BASE7.BASE8.EMITTER STYLE 2:PIN 1.COLLECTOR, DIE, #12.COLLECTOR, #13.COLLECTOR, #24.COLLECTOR, #25.BASE, #26.EMITTER, #27.BASE, #18.EMITTER, #1STYLE 3:PIN 1.DRAIN, DIE #12.DRAIN, #13.DRAIN, #24.DRAIN, #25.GATE, #26.SOURCE, #27.GATE, #18.SOURCE, #1STYLE 6:PIN 1.SOURCE2.DRAIN3.DRAIN4.SOURCE5.SOURCE6.GATE7.GATE8.SOURCE STYLE 5:PIN 1.DRAIN2.DRAIN3.DRAIN4.DRAIN5.GATE6.GATE7.SOURCE8.SOURCESTYLE 7:PIN 1.INPUT2.EXTERNAL BYPASS3.THIRD STAGE SOURCE4.GROUND5.DRAIN6.GATE 37.SECOND STAGE Vd 8.FIRST STAGE Vd STYLE 8:PIN 1.COLLECTOR, DIE #12.BASE, #13.BASE, #24.COLLECTOR, #25.COLLECTOR, #26.EMITTER, #27.EMITTER, #18.COLLECTOR, #1STYLE 9:PIN 1.EMITTER, COMMON2.COLLECTOR, DIE #13.COLLECTOR, DIE #24.EMITTER, COMMON5.EMITTER, COMMON6.BASE, DIE #27.BASE, DIE #18.EMITTER, COMMON STYLE 10:PIN 1.GROUND2.BIAS 13.OUTPUT4.GROUND5.GROUND6.BIAS 27.INPUT8.GROUND STYLE 11:PIN 1.SOURCE 12.GATE 13.SOURCE 24.GATE 25.DRAIN 26.DRAIN 27.DRAIN 18.DRAIN 1STYLE 12:PIN 1.SOURCE2.SOURCE3.SOURCE4.GATE5.DRAIN6.DRAIN7.DRAIN8.DRAINSTYLE 14:PIN 1.N −SOURCE2.N −GATE3.P −SOURCE4.P −GATE5.P −DRAIN6.P −DRAIN7.N −DRAIN8.N −DRAIN STYLE 13:PIN 1.N.C.2.SOURCE3.SOURCE4.GATE5.DRAIN6.DRAIN7.DRAIN8.DRAIN STYLE 15:PIN 1.ANODE 12.ANODE 13.ANODE 14.ANODE 15.CATHODE, COMMON6.CATHODE, COMMON7.CATHODE, COMMON8.CATHODE, COMMON STYLE 16:PIN 1.EMITTER, DIE #12.BASE, DIE #13.EMITTER, DIE #24.BASE, DIE #25.COLLECTOR, DIE #26.COLLECTOR, DIE #27.COLLECTOR, DIE #18.COLLECTOR, DIE #1STYLE 17:PIN 1.VCC2.V2OUT3.V1OUT4.TXE5.RXE6.VEE7.GND8.ACCSTYLE 18:PIN 1.ANODE2.ANODE3.SOURCE4.GATE5.DRAIN6.DRAIN7.CATHODE8.CATHODESTYLE 19:PIN 1.SOURCE 12.GATE 13.SOURCE 24.GATE 25.DRAIN 26.MIRROR 27.DRAIN 18.MIRROR 1STYLE 20:PIN 1.SOURCE (N)2.GATE (N)3.SOURCE (P)4.GATE (P)5.DRAIN6.DRAIN7.DRAIN8.DRAIN STYLE 21:PIN 1.CATHODE 12.CATHODE 23.CATHODE 34.CATHODE 45.CATHODE 5MON ANODEMON ANODE8.CATHODE 6STYLE 22:PIN 1.I/O LINE 1MON CATHODE/VCCMON CATHODE/VCC4.I/O LINE 3MON ANODE/GND6.I/O LINE 47.I/O LINE 5MON ANODE/GND STYLE 23:PIN 1.LINE 1 INMON ANODE/GNDMON ANODE/GND4.LINE 2 IN5.LINE 2 OUTMON ANODE/GNDMON ANODE/GND8.LINE 1 OUT STYLE 24:PIN 1.BASE2.EMITTER3.COLLECTOR/ANODE4.COLLECTOR/ANODE5.CATHODE6.CATHODE7.COLLECTOR/ANODE 8.COLLECTOR/ANODE STYLE 25:PIN 1.VIN2.N/C3.REXT4.GND5.IOUT6.IOUT7.IOUT8.IOUTSTYLE 26:PIN 1.GND2.dv/dt3.ENABLE4.ILIMIT5.SOURCE6.SOURCE7.SOURCE8.VCCSTYLE 27:PIN 1.ILIMIT2.OVLO3.UVLO4.INPUT+5.SOURCE6.SOURCE7.SOURCE8.DRAINSTYLE 28:PIN 1.SW_TO_GND2.DASIC_OFF3.DASIC_SW_DET4.GND5.V_MON6.VBULK7.VBULK8.VINSTYLE 29:PIN 1.BASE, DIE #12.EMITTER, #13.BASE, #24.EMITTER, #25.COLLECTOR, #26.COLLECTOR, #27.COLLECTOR, #18.COLLECTOR, #1STYLE 30:PIN 1.DRAIN 12.DRAIN 13.GATE 24.SOURCE 25.SOURCE 1/DRAIN 26.SOURCE 1/DRAIN 27.SOURCE 1/DRAIN 28.GATE 1PUBLICATION ORDERING INFORMATIONTECHNICAL SUPPORTLITERATURE FULFILLMENT:。
MCDSP全套效果插件评测介绍出处:中国专业音乐网 作者:WeiHongBin大家好,最近苹果的系统在逐渐的被大家应用,而在苹果系统上运行的po jie插件,也逐渐的增多,所以这次写一套MCDSP的全套插件介绍,紧供大家参考。
首先我们来认识一下MCDSP全套插件,一共是三套插件包,第一套是Emerald Pack ,而第二套则是Retro Pack,最后一套是6030 ultimate compressor,但是由于某些原因,第三套插件MCDSP公司迟迟还没有放出,相信不久就能公布于世了。
好了,废话不多说了,下面咱们说说第一套插件 Emerald Pack。
Emerald Pack这套插件,目前最高的版本为4.0,而Emerald Pack这套插件所包含的插件有Analog ChannelChannel GChannel G CompactChrome ToneCompressorBankDE555FilterBankFutzBoxMC2000ML4000NF575RevolverSynthesizer One一、Analog Channel中的插件里面包含了AC1与AC2AC1上半部第一区域的INPUT为左声道与右声道的输入控制,可调解范围在+/-24db之间,下面的两个按钮则为对应的反相激活键,第二区域的Drive为处理的程度控制,可调解范围在+/-12db之间,旁边的COMP相当于压缩里面的Threshold设定,可调解范围在1-10之间,中间的指示灯,绿色代表未启动,黄色代表进入,而红色则代表运行中,下面有一个VA的按钮,默认情况下是被激活的,这个就是一个Meter的显示按钮,激活的情况下,下面的模拟的VU表,而不激活的情况下则是普通的立体声输入与输出的电平表,第三区域的attack是压缩的启动时间,可调解范围在0.005msec至10msec之间。
release是释放时间,可调解范围在10msec至1.0sec之间。
MC/Service Guard功能及使用介绍中国惠普有限公司支持服务事业部Agenda•MC/SG概述•MC/SG结构及原理•故障反应机制•基本操作和日常管理•应急处理方案•更改双机配置AgendaMC/SG概述•什么是MC/SG?•MC/SG实现的功能什么是MC/SG?MC/ServiceGuard,简称MC/SG。
是用于将HP9000系列服务器组成高可用性集群的软件。
“MC”指“Multiple Computers”MC/SG实现的功能通过合理的配置集群,可以在集群中出现单点故障(硬件、软件、网络等)时,通过切换保证应用程序的不间断运行。
从而实现系统的高可用性。
指导思想:–No Single Point OfFailure(无单点故障)MC/SG结构及原理•MC/SG的结构组成•构成集群的硬件要求•移动智能网典型集群配置•集群运行过程MC/SG软件的组成•软件组件Package Manager 运行包管理器Cluster Manager 集群管理器Network Manager 网络管理器•主要后台进程cmcld:节点守护进程,负责发送心跳信号、管理本地网络、以及负责运行包的管理cmlogd:负责在系统日志(syslog)中记录信息cmlvmd:监控所有属于集群控制的卷组(VG)的状态cmsrvassistd:负责包启动、停止脚本以及服务程序的运行MC/SG集群的结构组成•节点(node)指构成集群的主机。
一个集群中允许的节点数量是2-16个•运行包(package)运行包里包含用户的应用程序,以及为该应用程序所分配的资源。
包运行在集群中的某个节点上,并且可以在节点之间切换有关包(package)的概念•包含应用程序(application)•分配相应资源•卷组、逻辑卷和文件系统•浮动IP地址•应用程序的启动和停止脚本•服务程序(service)•规则-分配给一个包的资源不能再分给其它包-同一时间一个包只运行在一个节点上概念——浮动IP•静态IP(Stationary IP)静态IP地址不会改变,它们就象以往使用的IP 地址一样,固定在网卡上。
•浮动IP(Relocatable IP)浮动IP 是分配给每个应用程序(运行包)的。
如果要访问一个应用程序,则需要连接浮动IP地址。
只需连接这个地址, 而不管它实际上是在哪台主机或哪块网卡上。
浮动IP必须加载在具有同网段静态IP地址的网卡上,当发生本机网卡切换时,浮动IP会和静态IP一起被加载到备用网卡上。
构成集群的硬件要求•主机多台主机构成集群,每台主机必须拥有自己独立的根盘,强烈建议镜像•数据磁盘由于MC/SG不能对数据磁盘故障做出响应,需要使用高可用性的磁盘阵列或对数据盘进行镜像•网络MC/SG中的network manager可以对网络故障做出响应。
需要配置冗余的网络设备(网线、交换机、网卡等)移动智能网典型配置——scp移动智能网配置——高可用性分析•主机两台主机构成集群,主机根盘镜像•数据磁盘每台主机各连接一台V A磁盘阵列作为数据盘,共用一台DS2300作为锁盘•网络数据网络做到冗余,另有专门的直联网线作为心跳网络整个系统无单点故障,硬件配置满足高可用性要求移动智能网配置——相关文件•/etc/cmcluster/cluster.ascii集群配置文件,包含节点组成、卷组指定和相关参数设定等•/etc/cmcluster/cmclconfig集群二进制文件,由配置文件编译而成,包含集群的全部信息•/etc/cmcluster/mscppkg/mscppkg.conf包配置文件,指定包所在的节点、监控网段、切换模式等参数信息•/etc/cmcluster/mscppkg/control.sh包控制文件,指定包所拥有的各种资源移动智能网配置——相关文件(续)•/etc/cmcluster/mscppkg/control.sh.log 包运行时记录的日志•/etc/cmcluster//mscppkg/start_mscp.sh 包启动时用于启动应用程序的脚本•/etc/cmcluster/mscppkg/stop_mscp.sh 包停止时用于停止应用程序的脚本•/etc/cmcluster/mscppkg/mscp_service.sh 包服务脚本,执行进程监控及其它客户化的功能MC/SG运行过程——启动过程•启动集群1.在每个节点上启动守护进程cmcld2.所有cmcld运行正常的节点组成集群•启动包1.激活卷组,加载浮动IP,挂起文件系统2.执行应用程序启动脚本(start_mscp.sh)3.运行服务(mscp_service.sh)MC/SG运行过程——停止过程•停止包1.停止服务(mscp_service.sh)2.执行应用程序停止脚本(stop_mscp.sh)3.卸下文件系统,卸载浮动IP,去激活卷组•停止集群1.在每个节点上停止守护进程cmcld故障反应机制•节点故障•网络故障•软件故障故障反应机制——概念•心跳线(Heartbeat)用于在节点之间互相传递心跳信号的网线(网络),如中断则表明某一节点出现故障•锁盘(lock disk)当集群由两个节点组成时,需要一块锁盘作为仲裁设备。
当心跳中断时,两个节点会去争用锁盘,得到锁盘的一方将会重组集群,而另一方则会发生TOC并重起。
•TOC(Transfer Of Control)为保证没有得到锁盘的节点能够尽快释放占用的资源,该节点将自动执行TOC,保存当前内存和CPU影像后重新启动。
故障反应机制——节点故障•当主用节点发生故障时1.备机守护进程cmcld检测到心跳超时,开始争用锁盘2.主机发生TOC,由备机重组集群3.在备机上启动运行包,恢复应用访问切换时间视启动脚本设置而定•当备用节点发生故障时1.主机守护进程cmcld检测到心跳超时,开始争用锁盘2.备机发生TOC,由主机重组集群该过程对应用运行无影响故障反应机制——网络故障•当主用网络发生故障时1.守护进程cmcld检测到主用网卡不通后,会将固定IP和浮动IP加载到备用网卡上2.主用网卡连接恢复后,IP地址会自动回到原主用网卡上•当主节点网络发生故障时1.守护进程cmcld检测到主用网卡不通后,会将固定IP和浮动IP加载到备用网卡上2.如备用网卡也不通,当MC/SG发现到监控网段不通时,会将运行包切换到备用节点上故障反应机制——软件故障•服务程序(service)在配置运行包时,可定制服务程序,在包启动后,服务程序也会相应启动。
如果服务程序中断退出,整个运行包也会停止并切换到备节点上。
•监控脚本服务程序最常用的功能就是监控应用程序运行状况。
通常由应用提供商来定制监控脚本,由服务程序来调用。
当应用发生异常(如进程吊死)时,服务程序会发生中断,并造成应用包切换。
MC/SG对软件故障的响应能力很大程度上取决于服务程序脚本的编写基本操作及日常管理•集群操作•运行包操作•日常管理集群操作•启动集群cmruncl –v•停止集群cmhaltcl –v(如有包在运行,则需要加-f参数)•只在一个节点上启动集群cmruncl –n 节点名•观察整个集群状态cmviewcl -v所有命令均可在集群中任意节点上执行运行包操作•启动包cmrunpkg –v –n 节点名包名•停止包cmhaltpkg –v 包名•设置包的自动切换属性cmmodpkg –e 包名(允许包在节点之间自动切换)cmmodpkg –e –n 节点名包名(允许包在该节点上启动)所有命令均可在集群中任意节点上执行运行包操作——手工包切换范例将包scppkg从mscp1切换到mscp2:步骤1:在任意主机上执行cmhaltpkg –v scppkg步骤2:在任意主机上执行cmrunpkg –v –n scp2 scppkg步骤3:在任意主机上执行cmmodpkg –e scppkg观察集群状态——cmviewcl -v CLUSTER STATUShpcluster up NODE STATUS STATE GMS_STATE bjscp1a uprunning halted Network_Parameters:INTERFACE STATUS PATH NAMEPRIMARY up0/5/0/0 lan1 PRIMARY up0/0/0/0 lan0 STANDBY up 1/12/0/0 lan2PACKAGE STATUS STATE AUTO_RUN NODEscppkg uprunning enabled bjscp1a……NODE STATUS STATE GMS_STATEbjscp1b up running halted Network_Parameters:INTERFACE STATUS PATH NAMEPRIMARY up0/5/0/0 lan1 STANDBY up1/12/0/0 lan2 PRIMARY up 0/0/0/0 lan0确认STATUS和STATE为up 和running,同时包自动切换(AUTO_RUN)属性为enable日志检查——系统日志•/var/adm/syslog/syslog.log 系统日志记录所有集群启动、停止及状态变化的信息,但不包括运行包的信息Oct 31 00:23:39 oracle2 cmcld: Node oracle1 has ceased cluster activities.Oct 31 00:23:39 oracle2 cmcld: Attempting to form a new clusterOct 31 00:23:40 oracle2 cmcld: Turning off safety time protection since the clusterOct 31 00:23:40 oracle2 cmcld: may now consist of a single node. If ServiceGuardOct 31 00:23:40 oracle2 cmcld: fails, this node will not automatically haltOct 31 00:23:40 oracle2 cmcld: Clearing Cluster LockOct 31 00:23:40 oracle2 cmcld: 1 nodes have formed a new cluster, sequence #3Oct 31 00:23:40 oracle2 cmcld: The new active cluster membership is: oracle2(id=2)Oct 31 00:23:40 oracle2 cmcld: Package pkg2 cannot run on this node because switching has been disabled for this node.Oct 31 00:23:42 oracle2 cmcld: Waiting for CMGMSD to complete halting processOct 31 00:23:42 oracle2 cmcld: cmgmsd completed halting processOct 31 00:23:42 oracle2 cmcld: CMGMSD successfully haltedOct 31 00:23:40 oracle2 cmcld: Package pkg2 cannot run on this node because switching has been disabled for this node.日志检查——包日志•/etc/cmcluster/mscppkg/control.sh.log 包运行日志每个运行包都有自己的运行日志,记录包启动、停止和运行过程中的信息########### Node "mscp2": Starting package at Sat Jul 26 04:04:14 EAT 2003 ###########Sat Jul 26 04:04:14 EAT 2003 Start mscppkg customer cmd begin!Add Floating IP ok!Send SIGUSR1 to scp ok!Sat Jul 26 04:04:27 EAT 2003 Start mscppkg customer cmd complete!Jul 26 04:04:27 -Node "mscp2": Starting service mscp_service using "/etc/cmcluster/mscppkg/mscp_service.sh"########### Node "mscp2": Package start completed at Sat Jul 26 04:04:27 EAT 2003 ###########……manager down! at Sat Jul 26 04:54:39 EAT 2003########### Node "mscp2": Halting package at Sat Jul 26 04:54:39 EAT 2003 ###########Jul 26 04:54:39 -Node "mscp2": Halting service mscp_servicecmhaltserv : Service name mscp_service is not running.Sat Jul 26 04:54:39 EAT 2003 Stop mscppkg customer cmd begin!cmmodnet : Subnet 139.118.52.0 is not a configured subnet.cmmodnet : Use the "netstat -in" command to list the configured subnets.Stop scp ok!Stop informix ok!Sat Jul 26 04:54:39 EAT 2003 Stop mscppkg customer cmd complete!Sat Jul 26 04:54:39 EAT 2003 Autoboot mscp begin...########### Node "mscp2": Package halt completed at Sat Jul 26 04:54:39 EAT 2003 ###########应急处理方案如果出现紧急情况,需要脱离双机软件直接启动应用程序1.执行vgchange –c n vgdata,让vg脱离MC的控制2.执行vgchange –a y vdata 激活vg3.执行ifconfig lan1:1 inet 129.9.168.120 netmask 255.255.255.0手动将浮动IP绑定在网卡上4.执行/etc/cmcluster/pkg/里的包启动脚本或直接执行相关命令启动应用及数据库应急处理方案双机配置恢复后1.停止数据库和应用2.执行ifconfig lan1:1 0.0.0.0,删除浮动IP3.执行vgchange –a n vgdata 去激活vg4.执行cmruncl –v 启动集群,第一次启动会由于vg不能被MC控制使得包无法启动5.在集群处于running状态时,执行vgchange –c y vgdata 将vg加入MC控制6.执行cmrunpkg –v pkg,启动包更改双机配置——配置文件集群配置文件:/etc/cmcluster/cluster.ascii更改固定IP或增加备份网卡时需要修改该文件,修改后必须重新apply 集群配置包配置文件:/etc/cmcluster/pkg/pkg.conf更改监控网段时需要修改该文件,修改后必须重新apply集群配置包控制文件:/etc/cmcluster/pkg/tl (或control.sh)更改包启动时激活的卷组、文件系统、浮动IP、启动/停止脚本等需要修改该文件。