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北京理工大学汉语国际教育硕士专业考研复习必备资料-育明考研考博一、北京理工大学汉语国际教育硕士考研招生报考统计（育明考博辅导中心)专业招生人数初试科目复试科目汉语国际教育硕士2016年8人2015年8人①101思想政治理论②201英语203日语243法语244德语246西班牙语③354汉语基础④445汉语国际教育基础①专业笔试②专业面试育明考研考博辅导中心张老师解析：1、北京理工大学汉语国际教育硕士专业考研的报录比平均在6:1左右（竞争较激烈）2、专业笔试科目：1、汉语基础知识2、外语听力和翻译3、专业面试内容：1、就给定题目发表自己的观点和看法并与考官进行讨论2、外语口试4、初试公共课拉开的分差较小，两门专业课拉开的分差非常大。
要进入复试就必须在两门专业课中取得较高的分数。
专业课的复习备考中“信息”和“方向”比单纯的时间投入和努力程度更重要。
5、同等学历的考生需要加试2门本科阶段的主干课程。
育明教育针对北京理工大学汉语国际教育硕士考研开设的辅导课程有：专业课课程班·复试保过班·高端协议班。
每年专业课课程班的平均通过率都在80%以上。
根植育明学校从2006年开始积累的深厚高校资源，整合利用历届育明优秀学员的成功经验与高分资料，为每一位学员构建考研成功的基础保障。
（北理汉语国际教育硕士考研资料获取、课程咨询育明教育张老师叩叩：七七二六、七八、五三七）二、北京理工大学汉语国际教育硕士考研复试分数线（育明考博辅导中心)年份政治英语专业课1专业课2总分2015年45分45分68分68分315分2016年50分50分75分75分360分（北理汉语国际教育硕士考研资料获取、课程咨询育明教育张老师叩叩：七七二六、七八、五三七）三、北京理工大学汉语国际教育硕士考研专业课参考书（育明考博辅导中心)专业书名作者出版社汉语国际教育硕士《现代汉语》黄伯荣、廖旭东高等教育出版社《古代汉语》王力中华书局《语言学纲要》叶蜚声、徐通锵北京大学出版社《跨文化交际概论》胡文仲外语教学与研究出版社《对外汉语教学引论》刘珣北京语言大学出版社《中国文化要略》程裕帧外语教学与研究出版社《国际汉语教学案例分析》朱勇育明考研考博辅导中心张老师解析：1、参考书是理论知识建立所需的载体，如何从参考书抓取核心书目，从核心书目中遴选出重点章节常考的考点，如何高效的研读参考书、建立参考书框架，如何灵活运用参考书中的知识内容来答题，是考生复习的第一阶段最需完成的任务。
分享：我的北京语言大学汉硕考研的成功经验人生，从来没有一无所获的付出从昨天看到北语的拟录取通知知道自己考上了到今天，还一直处在傻乐的过程中，真的真的真的很开心，自己这么久以来的努力没有白费，终于朝着自己的梦想越来越近。
在这里，我想和各位学弟学妹们分享一下自己这近两年以来的考研历程和自己的一些想法，希望大家能有所感悟，有所启发。
大二下半学期的时候，我决定考汉语国际教育研究生，当时自己对这一专业一无所知，咨询了几家考研机构后，我决定考北京语言大学，原因很简单，因为北语的汉硕是全国最好的而且每年招的人数也多。
没有在过多的了解其他学校，就这么简单的确定了自己的方向。
我初试成绩并不算好，政治59，英语75，专一115，专二122，总分371.今年北语分数线提了32分仅高出了四分。
复试发挥的比较好，78.29（笔试，专面，口试），最后两门加权平均分为75.8。
最终以第73名被北语录取，今年一共招了87个。
真的是非常幸运，因为每年二战三战甚至四战的人不在少数。
下面，我将结合自己的经验讲一下如何准备。
一，初试专业一考的主要是现代汉语，语言学纲要之前一直初试都不做要求，但近年有30分的题目，所以还是要重视。
古代汉语考的很少，十分左右，而且不难。
我报的是勤思的网络vip课程，从一开始就跟着视频和讲义学习，然后做通关宝典。
对于我这样一个跨专业的学生来说，视频课真的帮了我非常大的忙。
现代汉语除了语音部分，其他还是比较好理解的，二语言学纲要对于我来说真的是非常的难，最初自己看的时候真的是要看不下去。
后来有了视频课，跟着老师慢慢学，中一开始一点一点理解。
那是大二那年的暑假，我每天躲在家里花了整整一个月的时间，一点一点的看，终于把语言学纲要和现代汉语里的知识点都弄明白了。
然后就开始做题，建议大家可以去买一本现代汉语的配套练习册，可以让你查漏补缺，更好的掌握知识点。
专业二考的主要是对对外汉语教学引论，中国文化要略，外国文化史和跨文化交际学。
北京语言大学汉语国际教育硕士专业考研复习必备资料-育明考研考博一、北京语言大学汉语国际教育硕士考研招生报考统计（育明考博辅导中心)专业招生人数初试科目复试科目汉语国际教育硕士2014年60人2015年60人2016年60人①101思想政治理论②201英语一③354汉语基础④445汉语国际教育基础①外语听力和口语测试②专业综合面试③专业综合笔试育明考研考博辅导中心张老师解析：1、北京语言大学汉语国际教育硕士专业考研的报录比平均在10:1左右（竞争较激烈）2、上表中的招生人数为招生简章中的招生人数，实际上招生人数要比这些数据要多。
3、复试满分100分，其中外语听力和口语测试占复试成绩的20%，专业综合面试占复试成绩的30%，专业综合笔试占复试成绩的50%。
4、初试成绩占总成绩的60%，复试成绩占总成绩的40%。
5、初试公共课拉开的分差较小，两门专业课拉开的分差非常大。
要进入复试就必须在两门专业课中取得较高的分数。
专业课的复习备考中“信息”和“方向”比单纯的时间投入和努力程度更重要。
6、同等学历的考生需要加试2门本科阶段的主干课程。
育明教育针对北京语言大学汉语国际教育硕士考研开设的辅导课程有：专业课课程班·复试保过班·高端协议班。
每年专业课课程班的平均通过率都在80%以上。
根植育明学校从2006年开始积累的深厚高校资源，整合利用历届育明优秀学员的成功经验与高分资料，为每一位学员构建考研成功的基础保障。
（北语汉语国际教育硕士考研资料获取、课程咨询育明教育张老师叩叩：七七二六、七八、五三七）二、北京语言大学汉语国际教育硕士考研复试分数线（育明考博辅导中心)年份政治英语汉语基础汉语国际教育基础总分2014年42分42分62分62分315分2015年44分44分66分66分335分三、北京语言大学汉语国际教育硕士考研专业课参考书（育明考博辅导中心)专业书名作者出版社汉语国际教育硕士《语言学纲要》2002徐通锵、叶蜚声北京大学出版社《古代汉语》1998王力中华书局出版社《现代汉语》2003黄伯荣、廖旭东高等教育出版社《对外汉语教学引论》2000刘珣北京语言大学出版社《中国文化要略》2003程裕帧外语教学与研究出版社《跨文化交际学概论》胡文仲外语教学与研究出版社育明考研考博辅导中心张老师解析：1、参考书是理论知识建立所需的载体，如何从参考书抓取核心书目，从核心书目中遴选出重点章节常考的考点，如何高效的研读参考书、建立参考书框架，如何灵活运用参考书中的知识内容来答题，是考生复习的第一阶段最需完成的任务。
2016年北外汉语国际教育硕士考研科目及备考分析一、简介“汉语国际教育”是指面向海外母语非汉语者的汉语教学。
汉语国际教育硕士专业学位英文名称是：Master of Teaching Chinese to Speakers of Other Languages，简称MTCSOL。
这个专业要求学生既要有较强的教学实践能力又要掌握坚实的理论基础与系统的专业知识，了解中国传统文化，具有较强的中华文化素养和跨文化交际能力，又要掌握一定的教学技能。
二、考试科目北外汉语国家教育硕士初试的考试科目主要有：1、101政治2、外国语（201英语、202俄语、203日语、243法语、244德语、246西班牙语选一）3、354汉语基础4、445汉语国际教育基础三、备考分析考研提前备考是很好的开始，但是该如何去复习、去准备，有哪些需要注意的地方，下面呢就说一说。
(1)确定考研方向汉语国际教育硕士对考生的英语以及文学水平要求相对高一些。
尤其是北外，语言环境很好，如果你是不是跨考的，相对来说会容易一点。
如果你是跨考的，如果条件可以的话，建议你参加北鼎教育专门的辅导班进行学习，会使你考起来事半功倍。
(2)确定参考书目北外汉语国际教育的参考书目同学们可以看北外的招生简章，上面列有参考书目。
但是只看简章上的参考书目是远远不够的，还需要补充其他的知识。
同时，同学们也可以找一找历年考上的师兄师姐的经验贴，里面会列出他们所用的参考书，大家可以选择性参考。
(4)复习计划。
制定详细的复习计划是必须的，在备考之初，就需要确定。
同学们可以结合自己的时间以及自己的基础来制定。
可以分学科，分阶段，分方法。
(5)良好的心态。
考研必须要具备良好的心态，要有自我调节的能力。
要保持放松。
(6)健康的身体。
北京外国语大学翻译硕士考研个人经验精华详细分析先说下自己的情况，二战正式备考大概是从9月开始的。
8月份之前我一直挺迷茫，不知道考哪个学校好。
当时做过各个学校的真题，专业课我觉得最贴近自己能力的是北京外国语大学（主要是看的百科词条的出题偏好），而且北京外国语大学复试线只划专业课，我对专业课比较有把握，所以选择了北京外国语大学。
初试我从2011年就拿到N1了，同时加入了字幕组，一战备考的时候重心也在日语翻译上，所以二战日语专业课我基本上是没有怎么复习的，仅仅是每天做少量翻译练习，跟读20分钟NHK新闻（影子练习），精读本日的天声人语。
这科的备考教材推荐《汉日日汉同声传译》（宋协毅），《catti口译实务》（系列，随意哪本都行）。
初试备考我最头疼的是英语。
因为近6年没学过，快等于零基础。
3个月的时间要过北京外国语大学的二外，真是非常大的挑战。
最后成绩是56。
起作用最大的是刘一男的4，6级单词书，超级推荐！背起来相对轻松，注意反复加深记忆即可。
题我则是做的苹果英语的专4真题（北京外国语大学出的题集），作文素材也是用的北京外国语大学出的专四满分作文，就是背了几个比较亮点的短语，这个非常重要，让作文有话可说系列。
翻译我没准备，尽力就好吧。
注意提升阅读能力，因为真的挺长的，真题的阅读篇幅。
接下来是百科词条的准备。
我推荐把自己的高中历史地理教材（理科生可以选择新买一套）翻出来整理重要的知识点为词条，再加一本《不可不知的3000个文化常识》（或者类似的书，只要勾些重点词汇就行，太冷门的没必要），以及真题一本（这个随意哪个出版社的都行，注意要有详解）就差不多了。
注意词条必须要自己整理，记忆的时候反复阅读，记住关键词，大概3要点即可。
做这个的原则是少挖井多挖坑，涉及面要广，但不需要太深入。
写作则是一定要动手写，不要只是看，最好有个人能帮你改改（小作文）。
大作文，买两本高考满分作文啥的看看吧，注意写议论文的时候要有理有据，不能空谈也不能事例堆砌。
各位论坛上的帅哥靓妹你们好……2011.3.31是个值得纪念的日子，我被北大对外汉语教育学院的汉教硕士专业拟录取了，这对我一个出身地方二本院校的人来说，确实是莫大的鼓励，我完成了我22年人生中最高的一次跨越。
最近在论坛上看到一些我未来的同学在为大家介绍经验，搞得我心痒痒的，我也希望为自己过去大半年的努力做个总结，同时也想跟各位师弟师妹交流交流，为后人造福，让他们少走弯路。
看到如今大三的师弟师妹们到处问人找资料，我就情不自禁地想起当初的自己……不过作为过来人，我要很肯定对你们说，在考研路上，大家的起跑点是一样的，二本三本的同学同样可以考上名牌学校，北大清华离你们并不遥远！你们要加油哦！首先说说我的分数吧，我总分361，政治74，英语63，专业课分别是108和116，初试排名28左右，复试成绩和排名就不太清楚了……初试分数不算高，因为我看到录取的人中有分数超过390的，呵呵……在还不知道北大要扩招之前，我真的以为自己就上不了复试了，还好今年撞上了点运气，嘿嘿……不过在这里要补充一句的是，虽然貌似看上去有些考生之间的初试分数差挺多的，其实用北大的复试公式算一下的话就知道，初试第一名和复试第一名只是相差5、6分左右，所以复试是非常关键的哦，发挥得好的话足以让你的排名往前挤不少！再说复试吧！北大的专业课和英语口语复试都是面试，唯一能算得上是笔试的就只有英语听力了，这个令我觉得很幸福！因为我总觉得专业课不用笔试的话，负担会轻了很多，而且更能发挥我自己的水平，呵呵，个人见解……复试分三天举行，其实是两个下午的时间，中间一天休息，囧……第一天下午面试，内容是专业课和英语口语。
流程大概是报到——交费——等候——备考——正式面试。
考试的内容包括普通话、文学文化常识、说课和试讲、英语口语等等……当中就只有说课和试讲会给你10分钟左右时间准备，别的就靠临场发挥了。
总共5个考官，你一个人站在讲台上与他们对话。
我自己的话就是，先自我介绍——普通话测试，读一个文段，关于歌德的——老师问我关于歌德的著作流派方面的问题——说课——重要语法点的试讲——英语口语，问我关于对外汉语老师应具备的素质的问题——最后老师跟我聊聊家常胡扯了一通……总体来说，我复试表现还算正常，只是在有些问题上回答得不好或者是忘记了答案，有点囧……不过貌似老师们对我也挺有兴趣的，不知道是不是因为我家离北京比较远，我是广东人，呵呵，最后聊家常时说了一些关于我家乡的事情。
2016年翻译硕士考研指导汉语写作和百科知识一、词语解释：鲧弗洛伊德地球日地球村川端康成的三部代表作三一律杜甫的三吏金文欧盟佛教四大名山中国四大发明四大文明古国两河流域古希腊三大悲剧诗人明清之际三大思想家二、应用文：考察的是广告说明文写作。
选择自己最熟悉的一件商品，以商家身份对其进行介绍。
三、作文题目：以“每天的太阳都是新的”为题，结合变化，从个人和社会角度进行分析。
不少于800字。
考研学习规划第一阶段：预热（3月1日至7月1日）预热原因：育明教育老师认为考研复习比较理想的时间长度是6-9个月，因此从3月开始比较科学。
如果复习的时间太长，容易导致后劲不足。
正所谓“强弩之末势不能穿鲁缟”。
这是无数学子的血泪教训。
重点任务：1.收集考研信息，包括所报考专业的未来发展趋势、就业难易程度、所报考专业的难易程度、所报考学校的录取率、资料。
毕竟考研所需关注的点无非就两个：一是考研成功的可能性，二是研究生毕业后的就业问题。
2.根据所收集到的信息决定所报考的学校和专业。
对于这一点，育明教育团队认为，选择学校和专业的方案有两个：一是，选择尽可能好的学校，如北大、清华、人大、中传、北影、中央财经、南开、复旦，专业可以稍微差一点；二是，选择尽可能好的专业，如金融、经济、电影、新闻、法学、计算机、自动化等，学校可以差一点。
这样的好处是，以后方便就业，具体的原因分析请关注之后的相关文章。
3.购买参考书，慢慢熟悉所考专业。
这个时候学校课程还比较多，且处于学期末，考试又比较多，学校事情繁杂，无法全身心的投入，所以以“预热”为主。
不易过快进入紧张的复习状态。
4.掌握学习的方法、了解复习的重点，为下一步全面展开复习，奠定坚实的基础。
这一点至关重要，很多考研学生最后没有考出理想的成绩，不是因为没有努力，更不是付出不够，而是方法不得当，重点没把握好。
这一任务的实现，一般需要有考研经验的师兄师姐的帮助。
这一点也是育明教育专业课授课的重点之一。
说实话，考研是一个又浪费财力又浪费精力的苦差事，现在看到很多备考的师弟师妹们出没于自习室之内奔波于辅导班之中没日没夜地复习，心里不禁庆幸自己一次就能考上理想的院校了，否则可能真的没有勇气再考一次。
我本科读的是中国青年政治学院的社会工作专业，现在即将到北京大学对外汉语教育学院读研究生，因此算上是跨系跨专业考研成功。
同学和朋友都说能做到这样实属不易，师弟师妹们也觉得我是个牛人，弄得我也有些飘飘然。
记得大二时候听一个考研成功的师兄介绍自己经验时候说：考研其实考的就是心态。
现在经历过考研后觉得这句话简直是至理名言。
在我看来，“良好的心态＋不懈的努力”是考研成功的关键，归结起来就是说考研的同学要下定“决心”，有“信心、恒心”，分清“重心”，而且要对同志“热心”。
关于考研的具体科目如政治、英语、专业课的复习方法我不想多谈，下面我试图结合自己的备考经历，说一下自己在考研路上的心得与体会：（1）下定“决心”，一条道跑到黑。
首先一定要结合自己的情况选择自己喜欢的专业。
这很重要，考研的最终目的找到将来更适合自己的工作，如果自己对要考的专业自己不是很“感冒”，即使花了很大力气考上了，读研的时候也会觉得挺痛苦的。
在决定考研专业之前，一定要慎之又慎，多方面比较，反复权衡，但是一旦确定了目标，就千万不要再轻易动摇。
因为大部分同学考研的准备时间是半年到一年左右，其间还要抽出一部分时间来应付本科课程和生活琐事，所以真正用来复习的时间并不多。
在彷徨犹豫的时候，时间就不经意地溜走了。
而备考的时间越短，胜算越低。
不要去考虑如果考不上会怎么样，“破釜沉舟、背水一战”。
（2）树立“信心”，相信自己是最强者。
既然选择了报考自己喜欢的专业，就不要被很高的录取比例吓倒。
可以说竞争者都和自己处在同一起跑线上，同样多的参考书目、同样多的复习时间，大体相同的智力水平，谁投入的精力多，谁对自己更有自信，谁就有可能笑到最后。
考研实际上是一个自己战胜自己的过程，如果每天都能学有所获，超越昨天的自己，那么在这个知识不断累积、学习体系不断完备的过程中，你会看到自己进步的轨迹，自信心也自然随之增强。
外语专业跨考北外汉硕复习经验（经验转走啊）汉硕备考交流~壹贰玖八叁陆七零四五今年我报考了北京外国语大学大学汉语国际教育专业，总分357，专业课总分256。
根据我的备考情况，我还是比较满意这个成绩的，也分享一些我的备考经验，希望对未来的考研学子有参考价值——一、择校个人认为，择校问题十分重要，能够为了你的考研开个好头，选择适合的学校，也能提高成功率。
在选择学校的时候，我也纠结过一段时间。
我本科是在北京，因此，在考研的时候，也就在家乡和北京的学校里选择。
北京有汉硕专业的学校不少，而且都不是很简单。
北外属于难度中上吧。
众所周知，北外在汉教方面一直都不错，而且比较特殊的就是，北外的公共课走国家线，专业课自划线。
从某种意义上来说，这对于我们这种英语考生还是相对公平的。
不然，人家小语种考生外语八九十，英语只有五六十，就很吃亏。
二、专业课备考选择好学校之后，就要安心备考了。
我备考的时间并不长，大概是从7月开始。
六月底，我也报了勤思的网络VIP班。
因为上一届有个学姐上了勤思的班，考了400+，所以我觉得复习过程中，如果有引导，可能会事半功倍。
七月，我正式开始了我的考研复习。
基本上我的复习是从每天8：30到晚上8：00。
和大家分享一下我的专业课备考计划：7月-9月：《现汉》认真地在书上做了笔记，并且记忆了一些基础知识，如基本概念，国际音标和各章大标题。
《要略》，第二遍在书上认真划了重点。
教育心理学看了一遍。
《引论》看了两遍。
这一阶段知识记不住是很正常的，属于质变之前的量变积累。
要随时整理出自己不明白的问题，然后给勤思的辅导老师发邮件。
每天晚上7：00-8：00，看勤思的视频。
9月-11月：这两个月，最重要的事情是整理了《现汉》的笔记，整整四大本。
我这个人基本从来不整理笔记。
但是，《现汉》我还是仔细整理了一遍，自己理顺了框架和知识点，每天大概有四个小时都在整理这个。
事实证明，还是很有用的。
专一考了127，还算比较满意。
2016北京大学汉语国际教育硕士考研复试内容及攻略一、招生规模汉语国际教育硕士专业招生30人，已接收推荐免试生14人，本次统考复试拟录取16人。
二、复试分数线及差额复试比例按照北京大学2015年硕士研究生招生复试与录取工作通知精神，对外汉语教育学院复试基本分数线：政治50分，外语50分，专业课90分，专业基础课90分，总分350分，实行差额复试，符合条件者名单见下。
三、复试时间、地点1、外语测试：2015年3月20日（周五）上午8:30开始，请考生提前半小时到北京大学对外汉语教育学院B108教室等候，考试房间听候现场工作人员引导。
2、专业课测试：2015年3月20日（周五）下午1:00开始；请考生提前半小时到北京大学对外汉语教育学院114教室等候，考试房间听候现场工作人员引导。
四、复试方式、考核目标1、复试方式：（1）专业课：面试，考生提前准备5-8分钟，然后当场回答复试专家组专家的问题，面试时间每人20分钟。
（2）外语测试：面试，复a试专家组专家对考生进行外语听说能力的现场测试，测试时间每人5-7分钟。
2、专业课考核目标：（1）汉语普通话能力；（2）汉语言文字学知识及语言现象分析；（3）中华文化、文学常识；（4）教师潜质与综合素质考察。
五、成绩计算、拟录取1、初试成绩占总成绩的70%，复试成绩占总成绩的30%；2、复试成绩采取百分制，60分及格，复试不及格者不予录取；3、总成绩=[初试权重×初试各门总成绩/5＋复试成绩×复试权重＋外语测试成绩（换算成3分制）]。
依据考生总成绩排名依次录取，招生名额录满为止。
六、资格审查1、复试当天考生现场需提交：报名登记表，个人陈述（在研究生院招生网页下载），本科正式成绩单原件（需加盖学校教务处公章）、毕业证书和学位证书（或学生证）的复印件（需出示原件），身份证复印件（需出示原件）。
备注：（1）所有材料请按上述顺序排列并于左上角装订后提交，提交后概不退还。
北京外国语大学汉语国际教育硕士专业考研复习必备资料-育明考研考博一、北京外国语大学汉语国际教育硕士考研招生报考统计（育明考博辅导中心)专业招生人数初试科目复试科目汉语国际教育硕士2016年60人2015年60人2014年60人①101思想政治理论②201英语202俄语203日语243法语244德语246西班牙语③354汉语基础④445汉语国际教育基础①外语听力②专业面试育明考研考博辅导中心张老师解析：1、北京外国语大学汉语国际教育硕士专业考研的报录比平均在6:1左右（竞争较激烈）2、专业面试占复试总分98%，外语听力占复试总分的2%3、考生最终成绩（百分制）=复试成绩（专业面试*98%+外语听力*2%）*50%+{（初试专业1+初试专业2）/3}*50%。
4、初试公共课拉开的分差较小，两门专业课拉开的分差非常大。
要进入复试就必须在两门专业课中取得较高的分数。
专业课的复习备考中“信息”和“方向”比单纯的时间投入和努力程度更重要。
5、同等学历的考生需要加试2门本科阶段的主干课程。
育明教育针对北京外国语大学汉语国际教育硕士考研开设的辅导课程有：专业课课程班·复试保过班·高端协议班。
每年专业课课程班的平均通过率都在80%以上。
根植育明学校从2006年开始积累的深厚高校资源，整合利用历届育明优秀学员的成功经验与高分资料，为每一位学员构建考研成功的基础保障。
（北外汉语国际教育硕士考研资料获取、课程咨询育明教育张老师叩叩：七七二六、七八、五三七）二、北京外国语大学汉语国际教育硕士考研复试分数线（育明考博辅导中心)年份政治英语两门专业课总分总分2014年42分42分239分315分2015年44分44分239分320分2016年45分45分241分320分育明考研考博辅导中心张老师解析：1、复试差额比例：1:1.32、考生最终成绩（百分制）=复试成绩（专业面试*98%+外语听力*2%）*50%+{（初试专业1+初试专业2）/3}*50%。
（北外汉语国际教育硕士考研资料获取、课程咨询育明教育张老师叩叩：七七二六、七八、五三七）三、北京外国语大学汉语国际教育硕士考研专业课参考书（育明考博辅导中心)专业书名作者出版社汉语国际教育硕士《现代汉语》增订3版2011黄伯荣、廖旭东高等教育出版社《古代汉语》2011王力中华书局《教育心理学》2005陈琦、刘儒德高等教育出版社《对外汉语教学引论》2007刘珣北京语言大学出版社《中国文化要略》第三版2011程裕帧外语教学与研究出版社育明考研考博辅导中心张老师解析：1、参考书是理论知识建立所需的载体，如何从参考书抓取核心书目，从核心书目中遴选出重点章节常考的考点，如何高效的研读参考书、建立参考书框架，如何灵活运用参考书中的知识内容来答题，是考生复习的第一阶段最需完成的任务。
2、专业知识的来源也不能局限于对参考书的研读，整个的备考当中考生还需要阅读大量的paper，读哪一些、怎么去读、读完之后应该怎么做，这些也会直接影响到考生的分数。
（北外汉语国际教育硕士考研资料获取、课程咨询育明教育张老师叩叩：七七二六、七八、五三七）四、2015年考研英语(一)真题完整版Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET.(10points)Though not biologically related,friends are as“related”as fourth cousins,sharing about1%of genes.That is_(1)_a study,published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,has__(2)_.The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted_(3)__1,932unique subjects which__(4)__pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers.The same people were used in both_(5)_.While1%may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geneticist.As James Fowler,professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego,says,“Most people do not even_(7)_their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who_(8)_our kin.”The study_(9)_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity.Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain,for now,_(10)_,as the team suggests,it draws us to similar environments but there is more_(11)_it. There could be many mechanisms working together that_(12)_us in choosing genetically similar friends_(13)_”functional Kinship”of being friends with_(14)_!One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to beevolution_(15)_than other genes Studying this could help_(16)_why human evolution picked pace in the last30,000years,with social environment being a major_(17)_factor.The findings do not simply explain people’s_(18)_to befriend those ofsimilar_(19)_backgrounds,say the researchers.Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction,care was taken to_(20)_that all subjects,friends and strangers,were taken from the same population.1.[A]when[B]why[C]how[D]what2.[A]defended[B]concluded[C]withdrawn[D]advised3.[A]for[B]with[C]on[D]by4.[A]compared[B]sought[C]separated[D]connected5.[A]tests[B]objects[C]samples[D]examples6.[A]insignificant[B]unexpected[C]unbelievable[D]incredible7.[A]visit[B]miss[C]seek[D]know8.[A]resemble[B]influence[C]favor[D]surpass9.[A]again[B]also[C]instead[D]thus10.[A]Meanwhile[B]Furthermore[C]Likewise[D]Perhaps11.[A]about[B]to[C]from[D]like12.[A]drive[B]observe[C]confuse[D]limit13.[A]according to[B]rather than[C]regardless of[D]along with14.[A]chances[B]responses[C]missions[D]benefits15.[A]later[B]slower[C]faster[D]earlier16.[A]forecast[B]remember[C]understand[D]express17.[A]unpredictable[B]contributory[C]controllable[D]disruptive18.[A]endeavor[B]decision[C]arrangement[D]tendency19.[A]political[B]religious[C]ethnic[D]economic20.[A]see[B]show[C]prove[D]tellSection II Reading ComprehensionSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B, C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.(40points)Text1King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted“kings don’t abdicate,they dare in their sleep.”But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recentEuro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down.So,does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days?Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals,with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle?The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy.When public opinion is particularly polarised,as it was following the end of the Franco regime,monarchs can rise above“mere”politics and“embody”a spirit of national unity.It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs’continuing popularity polarized.And also,the Middle East excepted,Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world,with10kingdoms(not counting Vatican City and Andorra).But unliketheir absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia,most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.Even so,kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside.Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be,their very history—and sometimes the way they behave today–embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities.At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles,not horses(or helicopters).Even so,these are wealthy families who party with the international1%,and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.While Europe’s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchy’s reputation with her rather ordinary (if well-heeled)granny style.The danger will come with Charles,who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world.He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service–as non-controversial and non-political heads of state.Charles ought to know that as English history shows,it is kings,not republicans,who are the monarchy’s worst enemies.21.According to the first two Paragraphs,King Juan Carlos of Spain[A]used turn enjoy high public support[B]was unpopular among European royals[C]cased his relationship with his rivals[D]ended his reign in embarrassment22.Monarchs are kept as heads of state in Europe mostly[A]owing to their undoubted and respectable status[B]to achieve a balance between tradition and reality[C]to give voter more public figures to look up to[D]due to their everlasting political embodiment23.Which of the following is shown to be odd,according to Paragraph4?[A]Aristocrats’excessive reliance on inherited wealth[B]The role of the nobility in modern democracies[C]The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families[D]The nobility’s adherence to their privileges24.The British royals“have most to fear”because Charles[A]takes a rough line on political issues[B]fails to change his lifestyle as advised[C]takes republicans as his potential allies[D]fails to adapt himself to his future role25.Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A]Carlos,Glory and Disgrace Combined[B]Charles,Anxious to Succeed to the Throne[C]Carlos,a Lesson for All European Monarchs[D]Charles,Slow to React to the Coming ThreatsTEXT2Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data?The Supreme Cpurt will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling,particularly one that upsets the old assumptions that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest.It is hard,the state argues,for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.The court would be recklessly modest if it followed California’s advice.Enough of the implications are discernable,even obvious,so that the justice can and should provide updated guidelines to police,lawyers and defendants.They should start by discarding California’s lame argument that exploring the contents of a smartphone-a vast storehouse of digital information is similar to say,going through a suspect’s purse.The court has ruled that police don't violate the Fourth Amendment when they go through the wallet or porcketbook,of an arrestee without a warrant.But exploring one’s smartphone is more like entering his or her home.A smartphone may contain an arrestee’s reading history,financial history,medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence.The development of“cloud computing.”meanwhile,has made that exploration so much the easier.But the justices should not swallow California’s argument whole.New,disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitution’s protections.Orin Kerr, a law professor,compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a digital necessity of life in the20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.26.The Supreme court,will work out whether,during an arrest,it is legitimate to[A]search for suspects’mobile phones without a warrant.[B]check suspects’phone contents without being authorized.[C]prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents.[D]prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones.27.The author’s attitude toward California’s argument is one of[A]tolerance.[B]indifference.[C]disapproval.[D]cautiousness.28.The author believes that exploring one’s phone content is comparable to[A]getting into one’s residence.[B]handing one’s historical records.[C]scanning one’s correspondences.[D]going through one’s wallet.29.In Paragraph5and6,the author shows his concern that[A]principles are hard to be clearly expressed.[B]the court is giving police less room for action.[C]phones are used to store sensitive information.[D]citizens’privacy is not effective protected.30.Orin Kerr’s comparison is quoted to indicate that(A)the Constitution should be implemented flexibly.(B)New technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution.(C)California’s argument violates principles of the Constitution.(D)Principles of the Constitution should never be altered.Text3The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process,editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today.The policy follows similar efforts from other journals,after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.“Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,”writes McNutt in an editorial.Working with the American Statistical Association,the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors(SBoRE).Manu will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s internal editors,or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers.The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manus.Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change,McNutt said:“The creation of the‘statistics board’was motivated by concerns broadly with the application ofstatistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”Giovanni Parmigiani,a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health,a member of the SBoRE group,says he expects the board to“play primarily an advisory role.”He agreed to join because he“found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact.This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself,but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”31、It can be learned from Paragraph I that[A]Science intends to simplify its peer-review process.[B]journals are strengthening their statistical checks.[C]few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.[D]lack of data analysis is common in research projects.32、The phrase“flagged up”(Para.2)is the closest in meaning to[A]found.[B]revised.[C]marked[D]stored33、Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may[A]pose a threat to all its peers[B]meet with strong opposition[C]increase Science’s circulation.[D]set an example for other journals34、David Vaux holds that what Science is doing nowA.adds to researchers’worklosd.B.diminishes the role of reviewers.C.has room for further improvement.D.is to fail in the foreseeable future.35.Which of the following is the best title of the text?A.Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in PapersB.Professional Statisticians Deserve More RespectC.Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors’DesksD.Statisticians Are Coming Back with ScienceText4Two years ago,Rupert Murdoch’s daughter,Elisabeth,spoke of the“unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions”.Integrity had collapsed,she argued,because of a collective acceptance that the only“sorting mechanism”in society should be profit and the market.But“it’s us,human beings,we the people who create the society we want, not profit”.Driving her point home,she continued:“It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose,of a moral language within government,media or business could become one of the most dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom.”This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International,she thought,making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.As the hacking trial concludes—finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson,for conspiring to hack phones,and finding his predecessor,Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge—the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stands.Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to5,500people.This is hacking on an industrial scale,as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire,the man hired by the News of the World in2001 to be the point person for phone hacking.Others await trial.This saga still unfolds.In many respects,the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place.One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom,how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived.The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing.In today’s world,it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organisations that they run.Perhaps we should not be so surprised. For a generation,the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit.The words that have mattered are efficiency,flexibility,shareholder value, business-friendly,wealth generation,sales,impact and,in newspapers,circulation.Words degraded to the margin have been justice,fairness,tolerance,proportionality and accountability.The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding, to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity.It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact.Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories,but she asked no questions,gave no instructions—nor received traceable,recorded answers.36.Accordign to the first two paragraphs,Elisabeth was upset by(A)the consequences of the current sorting mechanism.(B)companies’financial loss due to immoral practices(C)governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues.(D)the wide misuse of integrity among institutions.37.It can be inferred from Paragraph3that(A)Glenn Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime.(B)more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking.(C)Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge.(D)phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions.38.The author believes that Rebekah Brooks’s defence(A)revealed a cunning personality.(B)centered on trivial issues.(C)was hardly convincing.(D)was part of a conspiracy.39.The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows(A)generally distorted values.(B)unfair wealth distribution.(C)a marginalized lifestyle.(D)a rigid moral code.40Which of the following is suggested in the last paragraph?(A)The quality of writings is of primary importance.(B)Common humanity is central to news reporting.(C)Moral awareness matters in editing a newspaper.(D)Journalists need stricter industrial regulations.Part BDirections:In the following text,some sentences have been removed.For Questions41-45,choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.(10points)How does your reading proceed?Clearly you try to comprehend,in the sense of identifying meanings for individual words and working out relationships between them,drawing on your explicit knowledge of English grammar(41)______you begin to infer a context for the text, for instance,by making decisions about what kind of speech event is involved:who is making the utterance,to whom,when and where.The ways of reading indicated here are without doubt kinds of of comprehension.But they show comprehension to consist not just passive assimilation but of active engagement inference and problem-solving.You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specific evidence and cues(42)_______Conceived in this way,comprehension will not follow exactly the same track for each reader. What is in question is not the retrieval of an absolute,fixed or“true”meaning that can be read off and clocked for accuracy,or some timeless relation of the text to the world.(43)_______Such background material inevitably reflects who we are,(44)_______This doesn’t, however,make interpretation merely relative or even pointless.Precisely because readers from different historical periods,places and social experiences produce different but overlapping readings of the same words on the page-including for texts that engage with fundamental human concerns-debates about texts can play an important role in social discussion of beliefs and values.How we read a given text also depends to some extent on our particular interest in reading it.(45)_______such dimensions of read suggest-as others introduced later in the book will also do-that we bring an implicit(often unacknowledged)agenda to any act of reading.It doesn’t then necessarily follow that one kind of reading is fuller,more advanced or more worthwhile than another.Ideally,different kinds of reading inform each other,and act as useful reference points for and counterbalances to one another.Together,they make up the reading component of your overall literacy or relationship to your surrounding textual environment.[A]Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfils the requirement of a given course?Reading it simply for pleasure?Skimming it for information?Ways of reading on a train or in bed are likely to differ considerably from reading in a seminar room.[B]Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading,our gender ethnicity, age and social class will encourage us towards certain interpretation but at the same time obscure or even close off others.[C]If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms,you guess at their meaning,using clues presented in the contest.On the assumption that they will become relevant later,you make a mental note of discourse entities as well as possible links between them.[D]In effect,you try to reconstruct the likely meanings or effects that any given sentence, image or reference might have had:These might be the ones the author intended.[E]You make further inferences,for instance,about how the test may be significant to you,or about its validity—inferences that form the basis of a personal response for which the author will inevitably be far less responsible.[F]In plays，novels and narrative poems,characters speak as constructs created by the author,not necessarily as mouthpieces for the author’s own thoughts.[G]Rather,we ascribe meanings to test on the basis of interaction between what we might call textual and contextual material:between kinds of organization or patterning we perceive in a text’s formal structures(so especially its language structures)and various kinds of background,social knowledge,belief and attitude that we bring to the text.Section III TranslationDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET.(10points) Within the span of a hundred years,in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries,a tide of emigration—one of the great folk wanderings of history—swept from Europe to America.46)This movement,driven by powerful and diverse motivations,built a nation out of a wilderness and,by its nature,shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.47)The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas,customs,and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits.Of necessity,colonial America was a projection ofEurope.Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen,Frenchmen,Germans,Scots, Irishmen,Dutchmen,Swedes,and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world.48)But,the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America,the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another,and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw,new continent caused significant changes.These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible.But the result was a new social pattern which,although it resembled European society in many ways,had a character that was distinctly American.49)The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the15th-and16th-century explorations of North America.In the meantime,thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico,the West Indies,and South America.These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft.During their six-to twelve-week voyage,they subsisted on barely enough food allotted to them.Many of the ship were lost in storms,many passengers died of disease,and infants rarely survived the journey.Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course,and often calm brought unbearably long delay.“To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief.”said one recorder of events,“The air at twelve leagues’distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden.”The colonists’first glimpse of the new land was a sight of dense woods.50)The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a veritable real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia.Here was abundant fuel and lumber.Here was the raw material of houses and furniture,ships and potash,dyes and naval stores.Section IV WritingPart A51.Directions:You are going to host a club reading session.Write an email of about100words recommending a book to the club members.You should state reasons for your recommendation.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e Li Ming instead.Do not write the address.(10points)Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of160-200words based on the following drawing.In your essay you should1)describe the drawing briefly2)explain its intended meaning,and3)give your commentsYou should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET.(20points)。
