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高考必考语法精讲精练专题十一：并列句与状语从句(含解析)-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN高考必考语法精讲精练语法专题十一：并列句与状语从句状语从句是比较重要的语法项目。
《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中将状语从句列为必考项。
全国卷新课标Ⅰ对状语从句的考查一般在完形填空、语法填空和短文改错中，主要考查从句引导词的用法。
2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查状语从句。
2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第43题（完形填空）考查了状语从句引导词Since/Although /As /If的选择。
2017年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查状语从句。
一、并列句(一) 并列连词①They come from the same country，and they are good friends.②I was glad to meet Jenny again, but I didn't want to spend all day withher.(2013·新课标卷Ⅱ)③It must have rained last night, for it is wet all over.④Yesterday, I forgot to pick my daughter up, so she waited in the kindergarten for nearly two hours.⑤Would you like to leave or would you like to stay?规律总结：1．表示并列、顺承关系的并列连词有and。
2. 表示转折关系常用的并列连词有but, yet(然而), whereas(然而，但是), while(然而)等。
3．表示因果关系的并列连词有for, so等。
4．表示选择关系常用的并列连词有or, either ... or ..., not ... but, neither ... nor ...等。
考点分布备考指南并列连词的基本用法在理解的基础上掌握并列句和状语从句的概念及分类，明确状语从句在语法填空、短文改错中的考查方式和重难点，并能够在遇到一个句子的时候准确分析和判定，提高长难句分析能力，加深对文章的理解。
状语从句基本引导词的用法as,since,while 的不同用法总结。
词性转化与固定搭配 句子结构分析与文章理解理解并分析文章中出现的从句。
专题解读知识图谱并列句与状语从句deep adj.深的breath n.呼吸count v.数mark n.分数;标志v.打分；做标记experience n.&v.经验（不可数）；经历（可数）competition n.竞争;竞赛take off ①起飞;②脱下（反义）put onwonderful adj.绝妙的；了不起的kind n.种类adj.好心的abroad adv. 在(到)国外entertainment n.娱乐time n.次数（可数），时光（不可数）latest adj.最近的；最新的discover v.发现environment n.环境grow n.&v.生长；种植；变得universal adj.宇宙的，普遍的，通用的light n.光线；电灯adj.轻的，少的alone adj.孤单的;孤独的（作表语）cost (cost，cost) v.价钱为；花费知识清单必备词汇语法详解之并列句由并列连词将两个或两个以上平等关系的简单句连接在一起构成的句子叫并列句。
其结构是：简单句+并列连词+简单句一、并列关系常用的连词有and(同，和), when(=and just at this time就在这时，然后), not only…but (also)…(不仅……而且……), neither…nor…（既不……也不……）等。
如：He helps me and I help him.他帮我，我帮他。
He not only gave us a lot of advice, but also helped us to study English. 他不仅给我们出很多建议并且还帮助我学英语。
并列句和状语从句并列句的核心考点1.并列句的基本概念并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成的。
在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。
并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。
2.常见的并列连词(1)表示递进或顺承关系：常用的并列连词有and，not only...but (also)...等。
He had plenty of money and he spent it freely.Not only did he speak more correctly，but also he spoke more easily.(2)表示选择关系：常用的并列连词有or，either...or...等。
Either you are right，or I am.(3)表示转折关系：常用的并列连词有but，yet，whereas等。
Jane said she was ill，yet I saw her in the street just now.Some of the studies show positive results，whereas others do not.(4)表示因果关系：常用的并列连词有so，for等。
It must have rained last night，for it is wet all over.The shops were closed，so I didn’t get any milk.(5)when还可用作并列连词，意为“那时，这时”，相当于and at this/that time。
常用于下列句式：①sb. was doing sth. when...；②sb. was about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth. when...；③sb. had just done sth. when...。
We were having a meeting when someone broke in.We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.(6)while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。
专题十并列句与状语从句并并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。
在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词(短语)连在一起。
1．转折/对比并列连词连接的并列句常见的表示转折关系的并列连词包括but, while(而)等。
其中，while连接并列句时，两分句之间是对比关系。
It often rains in the south, while it seldom rains in the north.在南方经常下雨，然而在北方很少下雨。
2．联合并列连词连接的并列句常用的表示平行或对等关系的联合并列连词有and, not only ... but (also), neither ...nor 等。
Not only did he speak more correctly, but (also) he spoke more easily.他不仅说得更正确，而且说得更轻松。
3．选择并列连词(or, either ... or, not ...but ...等) 连接的并列句Would you like to leave or would you like to stay?你是想走还是想留？4．因果并列连词(for, so等)连接的并列句He must have been caught in the rain, for he is wet all over.他一定淋雨了，因为他全身都湿了。
5．特殊并列连词及并列句(1)when可用于并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于and at this/that time。
常用于下列句式：①be about to do sth. when ...“正要做某事，这时突然……”②be on the point of doing sth. when ...“正要做某事，这时突然……”③be doing sth. when ...“正在做某事，这时突然……”④had done sth. when ...“刚做了某事，这时突然……”He was about to go to school when a strong wind began to blow.他正要去上学，这时突然刮起了大风。
并列句和状语从句一、并列连词1.表示并列关系的连词：and: 可用来连接两个或两个以上的单词/短语或句子，表示一种顺接的关系。
☞He helps me and I help him. 他帮我，我帮他。
both…and：＂两个都……＂，连接两个并列主语时谓语动词用复数。
☞Both Li Ping and Mary are going to the Great Wall tomorrow.neither…nor: ＂既不……也不……＂，连接的并列成分可在句中作主语、表语、宾语等。
连接并列成分作主语时，谓语动词通常与nor后的部分保持一致。
☞Neither he nor I am right.not only…but also: ＂不仅……而且……＂，强调后者；引导并列主语时，谓语动词与后面的主语保持一致。
☞Not only the students but also the teacher gives the money to our school.2. 表示选择关系的连词：or：用于否定句中连接并列成分，表示＂和，与＂；用于＂祈使句+or+陈述句＂中，意为＂否则，要不然＂。
☞The baby is too young. He can’t speak or walk.either…or…：＂要么……要么＂，连接的并列成分可在句中作主语、表语、宾语等。
连接并列成分作主语时，谓语动词通常与or后的部分保持一致。
☞Either Tom is ing or his sisters are. 不是汤姆就是她的姐妹们要来。
3. 表示转折关系的并列连词4. 表示因果关系的并列连词for ：so ： 4. when 可作并列连词，意为“正在这时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。
⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ be about to do...when...be doing...when...be on the point of doing...when...had just done...when...☞Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird.汤姆正要关窗户，这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住了。
专题3并列句和状语从句一、并列句并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。
在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词(短语)连在一起。
注意：when可用作并列连词，相当于and at this/that time，意为“正在这/那时；突然”，常用于下列句式：sb.be about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth.when...(某人正要做某事，突然……)；sb.be doing sth.when ...(某人正在做某事，突然……)；sb.had just done sth.when ...(某人刚做完某事，突然……)。
He was about to go out when the telephone rang.他正要出去，电话铃突然响了。
He had just finished writing a report when the boss let him type a letter.他刚写完一篇报告，老板就让他打印一封信件。
单句语法填空1．At school，some students are active while some are shy，yet they can be good friends with one another.2．The other day I was doing some grocery shopping when a man walked toward a group of us at the checkout stand.3．Follow your doctor’s advice，or your cough will get worse.4．John plays basketball well，but/yet his favorite sport is badminton.二、状语从句考点一让步状语从句单句语法填空1．The athletes，especially the winners，should remain modest whatever rapid progress they have made.2．Much as/though I have traveled，I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John. 3．Don’t trust him，no matter what he says.4．While/Although/Though I admit that there are problems，I don’t agree that they cannot be solved. 5．I’ll do it，even if/though it takes me all the afternoon.6．We’ll go on with the work，whether we can find the necessary tools or not.7．No matter how hard the work is，you’d better try to do it well.考点二时间状语从句单句语法填空1．Not until we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace can we smile in relief.2．Air pollution is getting more and more serious，so we must take action before it is too late. 3．He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.4．While watching TV，children do not merely absorb words and images.5．As he grew older，he became less active.考点三地点状语从句和条件状语从句单句语法填空1．Well，I’m working on a huge assignment and if I don’t do well，that will ruin my reputation as an excellent accountant!2．He will never make progress in math unless he really wants to learn it.3．Wherever she goes，there are crowds of people waiting to see her.4．Supposing/Suppose(suppose) that they refuse us，who else can we turn to for help?5．They agreed to lend us the car on condition that we returned it before the weekend.6．My parents don’t mind what job I do as long as I am happy.考点四其他状语从句单句语法填空1．If the guests are seated at the table，the hosts may serve the food，or it may be passed so that each person may help himself.2．Enjoying a fresh morning is important because/as it can set the mood for the rest of the day. 3．And he speaks so slowly and strangely that it takes patience to understand what he is saying. 4．They treat her as though/if she were their daughter.状语从句的省略1．时间、让步、方式、地点状语从句的省略如果状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it，而且状语从句的谓语中有be动词，可以将从句中的主语连同be动词一起省略。
手惰市安逸阳光实验学校专题十并列句和状语从句【高频考点聚焦】高考试题对并列连词和状语从句的考查主要出现在单项填空和语法填空试题中，完形填空和短文改错试题有时也将相关知识设置为考点；书面表达中适时使用一些状语从句会成为文章的亮点。
◇考点1常见并列句和并列连词并列复合句是由两个或两个以上并列而又的简单句构成。
在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连接词连在一起。
并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。
常见的并列连词有：1.表递进关系：用来表递进关系的并列连词有：and, not only...but also..., neither...nor...，not...but...等。
Not only did he speak more correctly,but also he spoke more easily.他不仅说得正确而且说得还很轻松。
2.表示选择关系：常用的并列连接词有or, either...or..., otherwise 等。
Don’t drive so fast or/otherwise you’ll have an accident.不要开那么快，否则你会出事的。
3.表示转折关系：常用的并列连词有：but, yet, whereas, while等。
Jane said she was ill, yet I saw her in the street just now.珍妮说她病了，但刚才我在街上看到了她。
4.说明因果关系：常用的并列连词有：so，for。
It must have rained last night for it is wet all over. 昨晚一定下雨了，到处都这么湿。
5.when还可用作并列连词，其意义为“那时，这时”，相当于and at this／that time。
常用于：①be doing something when... ②be about to／going to do/on the point of doing something when...③had just done something when...We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain. 我们正打算动身，突然下起了雨。
高中英语语法专题知识点梳理总结与练习（并列句、定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句）简单句/并列句/复合句根据语法形式，即句子的结构，英语的句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
一、简单句：简单句就是只含有一个主谓结构并且句子各成分都只由单词或短语构成的独立句子或分句。
在简单句中主语和谓语是句子的主干，是句子的核心。
简单句可归纳为五个基本句型。
1.主语+谓语（不及物动词）这一句型中的的谓语动词是不及物动词，没有宾语，但常带有状语。
The train will leave soon.2.主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语这一句型中谓语动词是及物动词，它必须带有自己的宾语。
They want to have a rest.As an outgoing girl, I get along well with my classmates. 作为一名外向女孩，我和同学们相处的很好。
3.主语+系动词+表语This machine is in good condition.这台机器状况良好The garden smells pleasant. 这座花园香气怡人4.主语+谓语（及物动词）+间接宾语+直接宾语该句型中的谓语动词为及物动词，必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。
一个是表示人的间接宾语；一个是表示物的直接宾语。
一般间接宾语在前面，直接宾语在后面。
该句型中常见谓语动词有：give, bring(带给某人某物）, tell, send(送给某人某物），pass(递给某人某物），show(给某人看某物），etc.She brought me a shirt.Pass him the dictionary, please.5.主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+宾语补足语该句型中谓语动词为及物动词，它后面跟了个复合宾语结构（即宾语+宾语补足语），宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的情况，直接跟在宾语后面。
在这一结构中，宾补与前面的宾语存在逻辑上的主谓关系或系表关系。
专题10 并列句和状语从句1．Life is full of ups and downs. ________ that we are optimistic and take a positive attitude, we will be more likely to enjoy our life to the fullest.A. ConcernedB. ProvidedC. ConsideringD. Concerning【答案】B【解析】考查连词。
provided that意为“如果，假如，在……的条件下”。
句意：人生充满起起伏伏，如果我们都采取乐观积极的态度，我们将更有可能充分享受我们的生活。
故选B。
2．He was inspired to start again ________ he had failed.A. in whichB. whatC. whereD. that【答案】C3．__________ you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.A. However a serious problemB. What a serious problemC. However serious a problemD. Whatever serious a problem【答案】C【解析】考查状语从句句意上：无论你的问题有多么的严重，你都需要勇敢地去面对挑战。
此题考查的是让步状语从句并依照词序的考查可知答案为C。
B项和D项的答案可以改为“Whatever a serious problem…”即可。
4．________, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.A. Quiet student as he may beB. A quiet student as he may beC. Be a quiet student as he mayD. Quiet as he may b e a student【答案】A【解析】考查让步状语从句。
句意：尽管他可能是个沉默寡言的学生，但课下谈论喜爱的歌手时，他话很多。
本题考查as引导的让步状语从句的倒装用法，这里的as相当于though，意思是“虽然、尽管”，从句中常使用倒装语序，常把表语成分提到as前面，但应注意被提前的名词前不用冠词a/an、the。
5．This is a very interesting book．I’ll buy it ________.A．no matter how it may cost B．how may it costC．how much may it cost D．however much it may cost【答案】D【解析】句意：这是一本很有趣的书。
不管花多少钱我要把它买下来。
这里考查状语从句，however much=no matter how much无论多少钱，故选D。
6．—How long have you been studying at this school?—I have been studying here ________.A. since I was thirteen years oldB. when I was thirteenC. at the age of thirteenD. after I was thirteen【答案】A7． ______，I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.A. However the story is amusingB. No matter amusing the story isC. However amusing the story isD. No matter how the story is amusing【答案】C【解析】 however＝no matter how，引导让步状语从句，后接“a dj./adv.＋主＋谓”结构。
8． As to the long-term effects of global warming some believe that the damage has been done, ___________________.A. otherwise we take steps to make up nowB. now that we take steps to make upC. whether we take steps to make up now or notD. unless we take steps to make up now【答案】C【解析】考查选择疑问句。
句意：针对全球面暖带来的长期效应，一些人认为不管现在我们采取或者不采取措施，伤害已经造成了。
根据句意理解可知此处表达的意思是此处应该用一个选择疑问句来让句意变得完整。
而whether…or not是固定搭配，故选C。
9． I just wonder________that makes him so excited.A. why it doesB. what he doesC. how it isD. what it is【答案】D10．The boy asked his mother ________ go out to play table tennis.A. that he couldB. if he couldC. if could heD. whether could he【答案】B【解析】一般疑问句由直接引语变间接引语时，用if或whether引导，从句用陈述句语序。
11． Your support is important to our work. ________ you can do helps.A. HoweverB. WhoeverC. WhateverD. Wherever【答案】C【解析】题目考查主语从句。
helps是谓语，“________ you can do”是主语部分，即主语从句，在主语从句中，do后缺少宾语，表示“任何事情”，因此用whatever引导，故选C。
12． ______ , it was difficult for the stubborn young man to seek a perfect job.A. After graduating from universityB. After he graduated from universityC. Having graduated from universityD. Since he graduated from university【答案】B【解析】考查状语从句。
句意：大学毕业后，对于刚踏入社会的人来说，找份理想的工作是十分困难的，after是连词，连接两个句子，故选B项。
13．_____ the government recovers the vehicle purchase tax and the oil prices go up continuously, the sales of the vehicle in China are still increasing every year.A. WhenB. OnceC. SinceD. While【答案】D【解析】句意，虽然政府恢复了机动车的购买税，以及油价持续上涨，汽车在中国的销量仍然每年上涨。
When当……时候Once一旦Since自从While虽然，根据题意可知选D项。
14．We should try our best to complete the project, _____ the cost.A. no matter whateverB. howeverC. whateverD. whichever【答案】C15．---Shall we go to see the Avengers II this weekend?---I’d love to, but well, I will check my schedule first. This Saturday evening?---_____.A. When you are convenientB. When there is convenienceC. At your convenienceD. For you convenience【答案】C【解析】考察交际。
根据文意我首先核对的计划，这周六晚上行吗，答语是在你方便的时候，所以答案是C。
16．Captain John Smith was among the first to settle in ______ is called New England now. A. which B. whatC. the place whereD. where【答案】B【解析】考查代词。
此处what的意思是所…的事物，指代地点，句意: 史密斯上尉是第一批定居在现在被称为新英格兰的人之一。
17．You’d better not leave the medici ne _____ kids can get it.A. even ifB. whichC. whereD. so what【答案】C【解析】考察状语从句。
你最好不要把药放在孩子能拿到的地方。
这里where引导的是地点状语从句18． ____ , you always get something to eat on this airline.A. However short is the journeyB. However the journey is shortC. However is the journey shortD. However short the journey is【答案】D【解析】考察引导词。
However＋形容词/副词＋主语＋动词是固定搭配。
文意是不管旅途有多进，你经常能在这趟航班上吃到一些东西。
19．________ the relationship, try to _____ to each person all your kindness and understanding.A. However, appealB. Whatever, turnC. Whatever,extendD. However, attach【答案】C20．______ they grow, they make sure ______ is left in the ground after harvesting becomes a natural fertilizer for the next year’s crop.A. What; thatB. Whatever; whichC. Whatever; whatD. Whichever; what【答案】C【解析】考查让步状语从句及名词性从句。
