八年级上第一单元练习题

第一单元同步练习班级姓名计分第一部分：基础知识积累与运用。

（40分）一、基础知识（40分）1、下面词语的注音和书写完全正确的一项是（）（3分）A．皑皑（ ái ）万籁俱寂（làn）千锤百炼酣然入梦B．矗立（chù）倔强（jué jiàng）风烛残年围追堵截C．挟持（ jiá）嫣红（yān）据理力争苛捐杂税D．踉跄（liàng qiàng）愠怒（yùn）故弄悬虚花天酒地【答案】B【解析】试题分析：本题用反选排除法，A“籁”读lài，C“挟”读xié，D“悬”为“玄”。

答案为B。

点评：本题要求从读音和字形两个点上判断。

拼音，首先要读准汉字，排除方言的干扰，不可读错，拼音时注意易混的声母与韵母。

错别字，主要是因音同或形似而错，掌握这个易错点，2、下列加点的成语使用正确的一项是（）（3分）A．小明周六贪玩忘记了做作业，周一在被老师批评，好面子的小明还是据理力争，不想被老师知道事情的真相。

B．好一幅“梅花闹春”图，这妙手回春之作，把人们带到了融融春光之中。

C．我花了大半天的功夫才给妈妈做好这几道菜，谁知道吃起来让人觉得味同嚼蜡。

D．语文教师多讲授中国传统文化经典篇目，学生会在潜移默化中提升传统文化素养。

【答案】D【解析】分析：A“据理力争”意为有据有道理而去相争，小明“忘记了做作业”是没有道理的，所以不能用这一成语；B“妙手回春”是形容医生医术高明让病人恢复健康，不符合句意；C“味同嚼蜡” 多指说话或文章枯燥无味，让人没兴趣阅读，句中是望文生义。

答案为D。

点评：判断成语使用是否恰当，不仅要知道其含义，还要了解其用法和情感色彩，要根据语境从这三个方面判断正误。

本题可使用排除法，先总观各项，把明显有错的先排除，缩小判断的范围，减轻判断的难度。

3、依次填入下面横线的词语恰当的是( ) （3分）我已歼灭及击溃一切抵抗之敌，扬中、镇江、江阴诸县的广大地区，并江阴要塞，长江。

八年级上册英语第一单元测试卷免费八年级上册英语第一单元测试卷一、单项选择。

( 70 分) 姓名：( )1.She is new here ， so she has __________friends at school.A, much B. few C, little D. a little( )2.--Help ______to some fruits. –Thank you.A. yo urselfB. yourC.youD.yours( )3.-I am going to London for a holiday next month. -_________!A. Have a good timeB. It’s terribleC. Good jobD. What a pity( )4..You’d better not read today’s newspaper because there is _____ in it.A. nothing specialB. anything newC. Everything importantD. Something interesting( )5.--What do you think of the 3D film Titanic last night?--It was __________ . I enjoyed it a lot.A.boringB. WonderfulC. strangeD. Terrible( )6. Last Sunday we went to the beach . We had great fun __ ___ in the water.A. playingB. playsC. playD. to play( )7 .My father tries ___________vegetables eleven to twelve times a week .A. eatB. to eatingC. to eatD. ate( )8 .Why don’t you ask __________to help you?A.no oneB. nobodyC. someoneD. anyone( ) 9 .My mother and I _________ at my home _________ that snowy nightA.were, atB. was, atC. were, onD. was ,( )10 .It’s spring now, so we decide _______ to the mountains.A. to goB. goingC. to goingD. go( )11 .I was late for school ________the bus was too crowed (拥挤的) for me to get on. A. because B. because of C.so D.but( )12 . He did not write _________,though( 尽管 )he had _______________. A. careful enough; enough time B. carefully enough;enough timeC. enough careful;enough timeD.enough carefully; time enough( )13 . Everyone in my class __________the poor boy without parents.A. want to helpB. want helpingC. wants to helpD. wants helping( )14 . I felt _____________when I heard the __________ news.A.exciting; excitedB. excited;excitingC. exciting; excitingD. excited; excited( ) 1 5 , --- Where she on vacation? --- She visited her uncle.A, did, go B, does, go C, does, went( ) 16 , ______ bad _______ weather!A. What; aB. What; /C. How; aD. How; /( ) 17 , --- How was your weekend, Mingming? ---A, I don’t like it B, Yes, it’s OK. C, It was great!( ) 18 , --- Do you have to say for yourself? --- No, I have to say.A, something, anything B, anything, nothing C, everything. Nothing( ) 19 , --- Would you like to eat? ---- Thanks, please.A, something B, anything C, nothing( ) 20 , Paul and I tennis yesterday. He did better than I.A, were played B, played C, are playing( ) 21 ,--- What did Mr. Smith do before he came to China? - -- He in a car factory. A, worked B, works C, is working( ) 22 , My grandma enjoys in the countryside. A, live s B, to live C, living ( ) 23 , The new kind of ring is expensive. I don’t have money.A, too much, much too B, much too, too much C, much too, too many( ) 24 --,- Don’t forget your homework, John?, --- OK, I’ll do it right now. A, doing B, to do C, do( ) 25 , --- Jack, could you help me when the plane will take off( 起飞 ) on the Internet? --- I’m sorry, my computer doesn’t work.A, get out B, look out C, find out( ) 26 , He works in the school a teacher. A, a s B, by C, about( ) 27 , I didn’t go to the mountains the bad weather.A, because B, so C, because of( ) 28 , --- Kate, I’m going on business. Please look after well.--- Don’t worry, Mom, I will. A, yourselves B, myself C, yourself( ) 2 9 , --- Where would you like to go on your summer vacation, Mike?--- I’d like to go .A, n owhere interesting B, interesting anywhere C, somewhere interesting ( ) 30 , I arrived in Leishan last Sunday. A, got B, got to C, reach( ) 31 , went camping last weekend because of the rainy weather.A, Someone B, No one C, Everyone( ) 32 , The bag is heavy I can’t carry ( 搬动 ) it.A, too, to B, so, that C, as, as( ) 33 , Today is my mother’s birthday, I want some flowers her.A, buy, for B, to buy, of C, to buy, for( ) 34 , The only problem was that there was nothing much to do in the evening read. A, but B, so C, about( ) 35 , I bought nothing, because everything very expensive.A, were B, was C, are( ) 36 , He seems very happy. A, is B, to is C, to be( ) 37 , We to Penang Hill last Sunday. The city looked beautifulthe top of the hill . A, go, on B, went, from C, goes, in( )38 . — Did you try paragliding yesterday? — Yes. I I was a bird. It was so exciting! A. looked like B. made sure C. thought of D. felt like( )39 ._______ kind girl Jenny is! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a( )40 . I spend 2 hours doing my homework and I need _____ to finish itA. the other hourB.another one hourC. one another hourD.an hour more ( )41 . When it’s very hot , I _______ swimming in the pool .A. would likeB. wantC. feel likeD. decide( )42 .There are ______ people ,so it ’ s very crowded ( 拥挤的 ) . A. quite a few B. a lot C. a little D. few( )43 . ---- I usuall y go there by train. -- Why not _________ by boat ?A.to try goingB.try to goC.to try to goD.try going( )44 . We keep _______ and it keeps us ______A. to swim healthB. swimming; healthyC. to swim healthyD. swimming; health ( )45 . I was ____ tired that I ______ in class .A. too, sleepB. so , sleptC. too , sleptD. so; sleep( )46. Did you do _______ on your vacation, Alice?A.anything funB.fun anythingC.something funD.fun something( )47. — Did you try paragliding yesterday?— Yes. I I was a bird. It was so exciting!A. looked likeB. made sureC. thought ofD. felt like二 . 、完形填空(每小题 2 分 , 共计 40 分)Most people like traveling on vacation. Last year I 1 on a trip to Italy (意大利) . I visited 2 places. My favorite 3 was Venice (威尼斯) . There are 4 roads in Venice. There are canals( 运河 ) between the 5 , instead. There is 6 of water in the canals. People 7 Venice use boats just like we use buses and bikes. They go to work 8 boat. We go to work by bike and bus. Venice is famous for 9 canals and boats. Venice is beautiful because of the 10 . I hope to visit it again.( ) 1 . A. have B. having C. go D. went( ) 2 . A. many B. little C. much D. lot( ) 3 . A. park B. country C . city D. museum( ) 4 . A. no B. not C. any D. some( ) 5 . A. streets B. buildings C. roads D. boats( ) 6 . A. many B. little C. a lot D. bit( ) 7 . A. on B. at C. in D. for( ) 8 . A. to B. at C. with D. by( ) 9 . A. it’s B. it C. their D. its( ) 10 . A. house B. gras s C. water D. treesJohn had a ( n ) 1 weekend. On Saturday morning, he 2 to the library. He 3 math.4 Saturday afternoon he went to the park. He played tennis5 his friend ， Lea. Lisa was busy on Saturday ， too. She6 her room in the morning. In the afternoon she7 her friend ， Kim. They played computer games.On Sunday morning John and Lisa played 8 tennis. They had 9 . In the afternoon Lisa was busy. She studied math and science in the library. But John was 10 . He watched TV.( ) 1.A.busy B. exciting C. free D. quiet( ) 2.A.go B.goes C.goed D.went( ) 3.A.study B. studies C.studied D.studyed( ) 4.A. On B.In C.At D.For( ) 5.A.and B.with C.during D.or( ) 6.A.is cleaning B.clean C.cl eans D.cleaned( ) 7.A.visited B.called C.phoned D.saw( ) 8.A.the B.a C.an D( ) 9.A.a fun B.fun C.funny D.funs三、阅读理解。

语文八年级上册第一单元练习一、常识部分1.新闻是经由新闻媒介传播的、为广大受众所关心的、新近发生的事件的信息。

新闻具有三个最基本的特征：、、。

新闻的分类：广义的新闻包括消息、通讯、特写、报告文学等，狭义的新闻专指消息。

2.消息消息是迅速、简要地报道新近发生的事件的一种新闻体裁。

写作消息要迅速及时，简明扼要，用事实说话，也可有适当的细节描写与议论。

消息的结构：标题、导语、主体、背景、结语。

3.消息写作的“六要素”when( )、where( )、what( )、who( )、why( ) how( )。

4.毛泽东(1893—1976),字润之，湖南湘潭人。

中国共产党、中国人民解放军、中华人民共和国的主要缔造者和领袖，伟大的无产阶级、、，诗人、书法家。

5.诺贝尔奖，是以瑞典著名的化学家、硝化甘油炸药的发明人阿尔弗雷德•贝恩哈德•诺贝尔的部分遗产(3100万瑞典克朗)作为基金在1900年创立的，于1901年首次颁发。

诺贝尔奖分设物理学、化学、、及和平五个奖项，以基金每年的利息或投资收益授予世界上在这些领域对人类做出重大贡献的人。

二、字音字形1. kuìtuì（）2. xièqì（）3. dūzhàn（）4.要塞．（）5.yèyǐ（）6. cuīkūlāxiǔ（）7.锐不可当．（）8. bān fā（）9. yízhǔ（）10. jiàn shù（）11.zhòng cái（）12. jùé（）13. líng kōng（）14.翘．首（）15. kùsì（）16. xiāo sǎ（）17. qīng yíng（）18.悄．（）然19. yóu zhōng（）20. xīn xiù（）21.屏．息敛．声（）22.眼花缭．（）乱23. wéi gān（）24. hào hàn（）25. xián shú（）26. páo xiào（）27. jǐn bēng（）28.镌刻．．（）29. yīsībùgǒu（）30. bái shǒu qǐjiā（）31.殚精竭虑．．．．（）32.舰．（）载．（）机三、词语理解1.溃退：2.摧枯拉朽:3.锐不可当:4.建树：5.翘首：6.悄然：7.由衷：8.屏息敛声：9.眼花缭乱：10.一丝不苟：11.白手起家:12.殚精竭虑:三、阅读训练新华社长江前线二十二日二时电英勇的人民解放军二十一日已有大约三十万人渡过长江。

第9课?辛亥革命？当堂达标练习一、单项选择题1.2019年国民党荣誉主席吴伯雄曾来到徐锡麟起义纪念馆，缅怀这位向清王朝开出第一枪的革命志士。

徐锡麟发动的起义应该是OA.萍浏酸起义B.安庆起义B.C.广西起义D.广州起义2、在中国近现代史上有三位伟人，使中国人民“醒起来了〃“站起来了〃“富起来了"。

他们分别是指（）A.毛泽东、邓小平、孙中山B.李大钊、毛泽东、邓小平C.孙中山、毛泽东、邓小平D.毛泽东、习近平、邓小平3、历史学家陈旭麓曾说过“它打破了历代王朝的更迭机制，否认了整个皇权体制，因而也触动了传统社会的各条神经，是政治制度和社会思想的一大跃进。

〃其中的“它"指的是（）A.洋务运动B.戊戌变法C.辛亥革命D.五四运动4、著名作家、教育家叶圣陶曾在一那么日记中写道：“课毕后阅读报纸…有云：武昌已为革命党所据，新军亦起而相应…从此而万恶之政府即以推倒，亦未可知也。

〃你认为日记反映的重要事件是（）A.黄花岗起义、B、武昌起义C.萍浏醴起义D.广西起义5、？全球通史？中说：“在中国历史上有过三次大革命，第一次发生于公元前221年，第二次发生于1911年，第三次在1949年"。

其中第二次“大革命〃（）A.冲击了封建思想的统治地位B.改变了中国的社会性质C.推翻了封建君主专制政体D.提高了中国的国际地位6、“皇帝倒了，辫子割了。

”这八个字是目睹了辛亥革命的少年程秋白对当时社会变化的体验之词。

它说明辛亥革命（）①推翻了两千多年的封建帝制②使社会习俗发生了极大变化③完成了反帝反封建的革命任务④根本上改变了中国的社会性质A.①②B.②@C.①②④D.7、某地拟建辛亥革命纪念馆，以纪念在1911年间首先发动反清武装起义等革命事件，你认为这一地点应该建在哪里？OA、广东广州B、日本东京C、湖北武昌D、江苏南京8、当代美国著名学者、历史学家费正清写道？”它使传统中国二千余年的皇帝制度彻底崩溃，是中国帝制与共和意识的分水岭，尽管它的结局是悲剧性的。

第一节：地球上的水1、看世界水储量示意图，完成下列各题。

⑴在图1—1所示的水圈的各种水体中，下列字母代表的水体类型分是：A、，B、，D、，E、；⑵在上述各种水体中，为水圈的主体，为陆地淡水的主体。

⑶在图中F所代表的各种水体中，数量最多的是，数量最少的是。

【答案】（1）海洋水陆地水冰川水地下淡水（2）海洋水冰川水（3）永冻土底水生物水2、根据以下“水循环示意图”填空。

⑴图1—2中各字母在水循环中所代表的环节是：A、，B、，C、，D、，E、，F、。

⑵上述A、B、C、D、E、F环节构成的水循环类型为。

水循环是地球上各相互联系的纽带，使水圈成为一个的系统。

通过水循环，使源源不断地向陆地供应，滋润着土地，哺育着生命。

【答案】（1）降水蒸发水汽输送植物蒸腾地表径流地下径流（2）海陆间循环水体之间完整海洋淡水3、一艘货轮不幸在海洋上触礁沉没，有几名水手漂流到了一座荒岛上，对他们来说，智慧和勇气是生存与获救的前提。

他们首先要寻找的是( )A.食物B.淡水C.住房D.蔬菜【答案】B4、不同水分条件下的生命体为适应当地水分供给特点，往往会形成特定的行为特点和生理结构特点，下列哪项是由于长期生活在水分过多的环境而引起的？（）A、仙人掌的叶刺B、骆驼的驼峰C、热带植物树茎上长出“气根”D、昆虫表面的外骨骼【答案】C5、驱动水循环过程的能量来自于( )A、地球B、太阳C、雨D、海洋【答案】B第二节：水的组成1、水是人类宝贵的自然资源，下列关于水的说法正确的是（）A、水在达到1000C时，一定会沸腾B、水结冰后体积会变小，密度会变小C、水在通电的条件下能分解成氧气和氢气D、水是由氧气和氢气构成的【答案】C2、下图是电解水时，水分子分解过程示意图关于对该图理解的叙述中，错误的是（）A．在化学反应中分子可分B．水是由氢元素和氧元素组成的C．水分子中含有氢分子和氧分子D．原子是化学变化中的最小粒子【答案】C3、在电解水的实验中，可以直接观察到的现象是（）A．水由氢、氧两种元素组成B．有氢气和氧气产生，且体积比为2：1C．在电极上均有气泡产生，两个试管内气体的体积之比约为2：1D．每个水分子是由两个氢原子和一个氧原子构成的【答案】C4、下列性质中，不属于水的物理性质的是（ C ）A、水在标准大气压下，100℃时沸腾B、水在通常情况下是液体C、水电解能产生氢气和氧气D、水在标准大气压下，0℃时结冰【答案】C5、阿伏加德罗曾经总结出一条定律：在同温、同压下，同体积的任何气体都含有相同的分子数。

八年级语文上册第一单元练习题（含答案）一、积累(共25分)1．(本题5分)下面各项中加点字的注音全都正确的一项是（）A．遗嘱．（zhǔ）悄．然（qiǎo）渗．透（shèn）屏．息敛声（pǐng）B．由衷．（zhōnɡ）湛．蓝(shèn)挪．威（nuó）飞天凌．空（línɡ）C．着．舰（zhuó）国殇．（shāng）巨额．（é）迎风绽．放（zhàn）D．揪．心（jiū）磅礴．（bó）优雅．（yǎ）心潮澎湃．（bài）2．(本题5分)下列句子没有语病的一句是A．通过开展赛龙舟、包粽子活动，可以使屈原“忠心爱国、坚韧不懈”的精神传承下去。

B．我的启蒙老师对我接近文学和爱好文学，有着多么有益的影响啊！C．一部文学作品的生命力在于能否为读者奉上丰富、新颖、优质的精神食粮。

D．现在医学发达，移植记忆也许不是完全可能的事。

3．(本题5分)下列句子中，没有语病的一项是（）A．通过设立交通安全宣传站，发放宣传材料，讲解今天安全常识，使市民增强了安全意识。

B．导致青少年营养不良的原因主要是偏食挑食、吃零食过多、为追求身材过度节食造成的。

C．很多人喜欢运动，但专家提醒，适量运动才能增加人体的免疫力，运动要讲究科学性。

D．除公益放鱼环节外，本届太白湖放鱼节，还有超模大赛、航空模型展演等活动。

4．(本题5分)下列各句中分析不正确的一句是（）A．“让我们赞美生命，赞美那毁灭不掉的生命吧！”这是一个祈使句。

B．“2019年1月1日，迟子建《伪满洲国》读书讨论会在南京先锋书店举办。

”句中“在南京先锋书店”是状语。

C．“2019年3月22日在全国上映的《老师·好》以富有真实感的细节打动了无数观众。

”这个句子的主干是“细节打动观众”。

D．一篇消息可分为标题、导语、主体、背景、结语五个部分，其中主体是消息的躯干，它用充足的事实表现主题。

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第一单元习题一．选择题( 本大题共6小题, 每小题4分,共24分)1．直角三角形一直角边长为12，另两边长均为自然数，则其周长为（）A．36； B. 28; C. 56; D. 不能确定.2.直角三角形两直角边长分别为3和4,则它斜边上的高是( )A. 3.5B. 2.4C. 1.2D. 5.3. 下面几组数:①7,8,9;②12,9,15;③m2 + n2, m2 – n2, 2mn(m,n均为正整数,m n);④ , , .其中能组成直角三角形的三边长的是 ( )A.①②B.①③C.②③D.③④4.三角形的三边长为 ,则这个三角形是( )A. 等边三角形B. 钝角三角形C. 直角三角形D.锐角三角形.5.小刚准备测量一段河水的深度,他把一根竹竿插到离岸边1.5m远的水底,竹竿高出水面0.5m,把竹竿的顶端拉向岸边,竿顶和岸边的水面刚好相齐,则河水的深度为 ( )A. 2m;B. 2.5m;C. 2.25m;D. 3m.6. 如图,一圆柱高8cm,底面半径2cm,一只蚂蚁从点A爬到点B处吃食, 要爬行的最短路程( 取3)是 ( )A. 20cmB.10cmC.14cm;D.无法确定.二．填空题(本大题共6小题,每小题4分,共24分)7．等腰三角形的腰长为10,底长为12,则其底边上的高为8. 已知 ,则由此为三边的三角形是三角形.9. 在ΔABC中,若AB=30,AC=26,BC上的高为24,则此三角形的周长为 .10.一直角梯形,∠B=902,AD∥BC,AB=BC=8,CD=10,则梯形的面积是 .1. 在ΔABC中,若AB2+BC2=AC2,则∠A+∠C= 0 .12．已知甲往东走了4km，乙往南走了3km，这时甲、乙俩人相距。

三．解答题（本大题共5小题）13. 如图,一直角三角形三边长分别为6,8,10,且是三个圆的直径,求阴影部分面积。

新人教版八年级上册英语第一单元精选练习题附答案Unit 1Where did you go on vacation?第一课时Section A(1a～2d)01 基础过关Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示填写单词。

1．________(大多数) of the students in my class are from the countryside.2．I can't find my math book ________(在任何地方)．3．There were a ________(很少) trees on the mountain two years ago.4．Don't tell ________(任何人) that you saw me here.5．They saw a ________(精彩的) movie in the cinema last night.Ⅱ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

6．Last week we went to two famous ________(beach)．7．Today is Mike's birthday.I want to buy him a________(specially) present.8．His parents work in the ________(center) city of France.9．Listening to some music can help you ________(relaxing)．10．His mother watches TV every evening，but she________(not watch) TV last night.Ⅲ.单项选择。

（）11.—Where did Mr.Liu go on ________ vacation?—He went to Sanya.A．/ B．a C．an D．the（）12.I ________ the new museum ________ my classmate last weekend.A．visit；with B．visited；for C．visit；for D．visited；with（）13.Basketball is popular with boys.________ of them like playing it.A．Most B．Few C．Much D．Little（）14.—________ did you go to the beach with?—Tom and Jack.A．Where B．When C．Who D．How（）15.—Is there ________ in the room?—________.There is only one old desk.A．anything special；YesB．anything special；NoC．special anything；YesD．special anything；NoⅣ.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。

八年级上册英语第一单元a练习题八年级上册英语第一单元通常围绕一个主题展开，比如学校生活、家庭、朋友等。

以下是一些可能的练习题，旨在帮助学生复习和巩固第一单元的学习内容。

1. 词汇练习：- 根据上下文，选择正确的单词填空。

- I usually go to the _______ (library/museum) after school.- My sister likes to play the _______ (piano/violin).2. 语法练习：- 用所给动词的适当形式填空。

- She _______ (read) a book now.- They _______ (not have) lunch at school yesterday.3. 阅读理解：- 阅读下面的短文，然后回答问题。

- Tom is a middle school student. He likes playing basketball after school. His favorite subject is English because he enjoys speaking with his foreign teacher. What is Tom's favorite subject?4. 完形填空：- 阅读下面的短文，从括号内选择合适的选项填空。

Tom and his friend, Jerry, are in the same class. They (usually/sometimes) go to the library (together/separately) after school. Today, they (plan/forget) to do their homework,so they decide to (stay/leave) in the library until they finish.5. 翻译练习：- 将下列句子从中文翻译成英文。