专业英语复习资料.doc1
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会计专业英语复习资料.doc会计专业英语复习资料⼀、短语中英互译1、会计分录2、投资活动3、后进先出法4、客观性原则5、注册会计师6、权责发⽣制7、累计折旧8、资产负债表9、经营决策10、银⾏存款11、到期⽇12、历史成本13、source document14、nominal rate15、credit sale16、sum-of-years-digits method17、economic entity assumption18、financial position19、fixed assets20、public hearing21、income statement22、sales discount23、value added tax24、trade mark25、bank overdraft⼆、从下列选项中选出最佳答案1、Generally,revenue is recorded by a business enterprise at a point when :( )A、Management decides it is appropriate to do soB、The product is available for sale to consumersC、An exchange has taken place and the earning process is virtually completeD、An order for merchandise has been received2、Why are certain costs capitalized when incurred and then depreciated or amortized over subsequent accounting periods?( )A、To reduce the income tax liabilityB、To aid management in making business decisionsC、To match the costs of production with revenue as earnedD、To adhere to the accounting concept of conservatism3、What accounting principle or concept justifies the use of accruals and deferrals?( )A、Going concernB、MaterialityC、ConsistencyD、Stable monetary unit4、An accrued expense can best be described as an amount ( )A、Paid and currently matched with revenueB、Paid and not currently matched with revenueC、Not paid and not currently matched with revenueD、Not paid and currently matched with revenue5、Continuation of a business enterprise in the absence of contrary evidence is an example of the principle or concept of ( )A、Business entityB、ConsistencyC、Going concernD、Substance over form6、In preparing a bank reconciliation,the amount of checks outstanding would be:( )A、added to the bank balance according to the bank statement.B、deducted from the bank balance according to the bank statement.C、added to the cash balance according to the depositor’s records.D、deducted from the cash balance according to the depositor’s records.7、Journal entries based on the bank reconciliation are required for:( )A、additions to the cash balance according to the depositor’s records.B、deductions from the cash balance according to the depositor’srecords.C、Both A and BD、Neither A nor B8、A petty cash fund is :( )A、used to pay relatively small amounts。
学位英语知识点复习资料
以下是学位英语的一些基本知识点复习资料:
1. 语法:复习英语的基本语法规则,包括时态、语态、句型、主谓一致等。
2. 词汇:复习常见的学术词汇,如学科名词、实验方法、研究领域等。
3. 阅读理解:提高阅读理解能力,包括快速阅读和理解主旨、细节、推理等。
多阅读
学术文章和论文,熟悉学术写作风格。
4. 写作技巧:学习学术写作的基本结构和格式,包括论文的引言、正文、结论等部分。
也要练习提高写作的逻辑性和清晰度。
5. 听力技巧:提高听力理解能力,包括听清主旨、关键词等,练习听写和记笔记。
6. 口语表达:提高口语交流能力,包括演讲、讨论、辩论等。
练习口语表达和流利性。
7. 学术资料查找和利用:学习使用学术数据库、图书馆资源等查找学术资料,提高筛
选和利用学术资料的能力。
8. 专业知识:了解自己专业领域的基本知识,熟悉相关的学术研究和发展动态。
这些是学位英语的一些基本知识点,希望对你的复习有所帮助。
此外,还建议你参考
相关教材和学习资源,进行系统的复习和练习。
英语复习资料1.Adrian was in charge of the allocation of available funds.阿德里安是在现有资金的分配费用。
2.After twenty yearsˊ hardships and sufferings , he bagan to write his autobiography经过二十年的艰辛和苦难,他开始写他的自传3.The job of newscasters involves a lot tension and practice.新闻播音员的工作涉及到很多紧张和实践。
4.Many start-up enterprises became bankrupt because of the scarcity of funds.许多创业企业破产因为资金短缺。
5.In order to be famous , he strove to improve his performance.为了出名,他努力改善自己的性能。
6.Our firm is oriented towards the export side of the business.我们公司是面向企业的出口侧。
7.The on-time delivery of goods is required in the contract.8.University students must show essays to their supervisors at the end of this term.9.The country was in a turmoil during the strike.10.The graphic displays will be helpful to illustrate the increase of the output./doc/d618490844.html,panies cannot survive fierce competitions without innovative personnels.12.Keeping the accounts is part and parcel of my job.13.There were many people travelling about the country in pursuit of work.14.At least give him credit for trying even though he did not succeed.短语翻译1.社团、社会community2.首席执行官chief executive officer(CEO)3.任务小组Task force 3.政府机构部、处agency4.常务董事managing director5.流行价格prevailing price6.监督员supervisor7.市场份额market share8.计算机程序员computer programmer9.管理能力managerial competency 10.保险业务员insurance agent11.资源配置allocation of resources 12.新闻广播员newscaster13.任务小组Task force 14.销售合作人Sales associate 15.收入,税收revenue 第二单元1.He carried out a number of frauds on trusting people who lent him money.2.He was adept at playing the piano.3.He would not have succeeded in such a risky business if he had not been such a clever entrepreneur.4.Our journey home was pretty traumatic .5.They could not tell the commanding officer from his subordinates .6.What criteria do you use when judging the quality of a student`s work.7.Although our men had lost the battle , their morale was high.8.They employed a firm of landscape gardeners to lay out the grounds of the mansion.9.His first performance was a debacle, the audience booed him off the stage.10.There is a hierarchy in the classification of all living creatures.11.The two old rivals vie for the first place.二、短翻译1.管理人员management2.工作框架work setting3.电话营销中心telemarketing center 4.顾客投诉customer complaint5.业绩评价标准evaluation criteria for performance6.具体运作计划specific operational plans7.分派权利与任务delegate authority and responsibility8.协调进度与资源coordinate schedules and resources9.商务合作人business associate 10.财务崩溃financial debacle11.刺激业务增长spur the growth of the business 12.监督现场工作supervise on-site work第三单元1.There are plans to change the makeup of the committee.2.Dickens` father was immortalized for ever as Mr.Micawber in diandian.3.The school of adult education was an autonomous extension of the university.4.She was this year`s winner of the coveted Nobel Prize.5.Since Germany was divided it is no longer one political entity.6.The factory has laid off workers because of the drop in sales.7.The school is run not on democratic lines but on authoritarian ones.8.They were blamed for their failure to hold down expenditure.9.I hope you will reap a reward for your work.短语翻译1.Mergers and acquisitions 兼并与收购2.Corporate restructuring 公司重组3.Downsizing 公司缩编4.Outsourcing decision 外包决策5.Modular corporation组件公司6.Unit cost of production 单位生产成本7.Strategic alliance 战略联盟8.Overhead管理费用/doc/d618490844.html,petitive advantage 竞争优势/doc/d618490844.html,work form of organization 网络型组织结构第四单元1.The company is prepared to trade off its up-market image against a stronger appeal to teenage buyers.2.Psychologists are aware that both language and learning are in a sense social phenomena.3.An important point in the theory of economics(for government, firms or households) is how to allocate the valuable resources.4.Despite the threat of war, people went about their work as usual.5.That socialist is studying the complex way in which people interact with each other at parties.6.The role of incentives in making individual decision is important for those trading with others.7. A dog responds to kind treatment by loving its master.8.The patients be isolated from the rest.9.She specialized first in painting birds and later in writing about them.10.These circumstances have enabled us to compete with allother countries in the open market of the word.短语翻译1.个人决策individual decisionmaking2.换取关系tradeoff3.效率与公平efficiency and equity4.稀缺资源scarce resources5.成本与效益costs and benefits6.增量调整incremental adjustment7.边际成本marginal costs 8.边际效益marginal benefits9.机会成本opportunity cost 10.竞争对手与贸易伙伴competitors and partners第五单元1.Without rules people would live in a state of chaos混乱。
英语专业四级考试复习资料Introduction:The English Major Level Four Examination is an important milestone for students majoring in English. To perform well in this exam, comprehensive and well-organized review materials are essential. This article aims to provide a detailed and effective study guide for students preparing for the English Major Level Four Examination. It will cover key areas of the exam and offer valuable resources for successful preparation.I. Reading Comprehension:1. Tips for Reading Comprehension:Reading comprehension is a crucial part of the English Major Level Four Examination. Here are some tips to enhance your understanding and score higher in this section:1) Skim the passage first to grasp the main idea.2) Underline or highlight important keywords or phrases.3) Read the questions before going through the passage to have a clear focus.4) Be cautious of distractors and pay attention to the context.5) Practice with previous exams and simulated tests to improve your speed and accuracy.2. Recommended Materials:To excel in reading comprehension, it is important to have access to quality reading materials. Here are some recommended resources:1) Authentic English newspapers, magazines, and online articles.2) Academic journals related to various disciplines.3) English books, both fiction and non-fiction, to develop a wider vocabulary and comprehension skills.4) Online platforms offering practice exercises and mock tests specifically designed for English comprehension.II. Grammar and Vocabulary:1. Grammar Review:Mastering grammar rules is essential for the English Major Level Four Examination. Here is a comprehensive list of grammar topics to revise:1) Verb tenses and their usage.2) Sentence structure, including clauses and phrases.3) Subject-verb agreement.4) Pronouns and determiners.5) Conditional sentences.6) Passive voice and reported speech.7) Articles and prepositions.8) Word formation and parts of speech.2. Vocabulary Expansion:Expanding one's vocabulary is crucial for success in the exam. Here are some effective strategies to improve your word power:1) Create flashcards with new words and review them regularly.2) Read extensively to encounter new words in context.3) Utilize vocabulary-building apps and online resources.4) Engage in conversations, debates, and discussions to reinforce word usage.III. Writing:1. Essay Writing:Essay writing is an important component of the English Major Level Four Examination. To enhance your writing skills, consider the following steps:1) Understand the essay prompt and analyze the requirements.2) Plan your essay structure, including an introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion.3) Use appropriate linking words and phrases to connect ideas.4) Support your arguments with relevant examples and evidence.5) Revise and proofread your essay for coherence, grammar, and spelling errors.2. Paper Writing:Apart from essays, academic paper writing is also a crucial skill. Consider the following tips for effective paper writing:1) Choose a well-defined topic and conduct thorough research.2) Develop a clear thesis statement and outline.3) Use authoritative sources and properly cite them using the appropriate referencing style.4) Organize your paper logically, with an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion.5) Revise your paper multiple times to ensure clarity and conciseness.IV. Listening Comprehension:The listening comprehension section of the English Major Level Four Examination poses challenges to many students. Follow these strategies to improve your listening skills:1) Practice active listening in your daily life, such as watching movies, listening to podcasts, and participating in English conversation groups.2) Familiarize yourself with various accents by listening to different English speakers.3) Take advantage of online resources that provide practice exercises specifically designed for listening comprehension.4) Focus on understanding the main idea and supporting details during practice sessions.5) Take notes while listening to improve your retention and comprehension.Conclusion:The English Major Level Four Examination requires comprehensive preparation and dedicated effort. By following the study guide provided in this article, students can enhance their chances of success in the exam. Remember to practice regularly, utilize recommended resources, and seek assistance from teachers or tutors when needed. Good luck with your exam preparations!。
U1 4.诸如背弃朋友这类事并不受法律制约,所以才有了我们称作的道德法庭Laws do not regulate such things as betrayal to friends, that is why there is what we call the court of morality 5.有人把今天的文化描述为快餐文化。
无论做什么事,人们只是追求用最短时间达到最大的满足Today’s culture is described as fast-food culture, whatever they may be; people just pursue the greatest satisfaction within the shortest time.6.常言说,天下没有免费的午餐。
如果你想要什么,就得去挣As the saying goes, there is no such thing as a free lunch. If you want something, go and earn it.U2 1.无论是友情还是爱情,你都不可能期待自己付出最少而得到最多。
In either friendship or love, you should never expect to receive the maximum while you give the minimum.2.我把全部希望寄托在他的承诺上,结果却发现他根本不是个真诚的人。
I built all my hopes on his promises, only to find that he was not a man of sincerity at all.3.我们带母亲去了所有我们能找到的最好的医院,但一切努力都是徒劳的,母亲还是没能熬过那次疾病。
We took mother to all the best hospitals we could find, but all our efforts were in vain; she failed to survive the disease.U3 1.千百年来哲学家们费尽心机从各自的角度阐释何为幸福.For thousands of years philosophers have taken pains to explain the meaning of happiness from their own points of view.2.刚上大学的时候,突然发现自己得处理所有日常事物,知道那是自己才觉得在父母身边生活真是幸福。
英语词汇学复习资料IntroductionEnglihaaglobal1)Morphology(构词学)2)Semantic(语义学)3)Stylitic(语体学)4)Etymology(词源学)3.研究le某icology的两大方法1)Diachronicapproach:历时语言学2)Synchronicapproach:共时语言学Chapter1Le某icologyandbaicconceptofwordandvocabulary1.Word——Awordiaminimalfreeformofalanguagethathaagivenoundandmeaningandyn tacticfunction.2.Thereinologicalrelationhipbetweenoundandmeaningatheymbolic connectionbetweenthemiarbitrary(任意的)andconventional(约定的,俗称的).3.ound&formTheoundhouldbeimilarto/conitentwiththeform,butthereareomeill ogical不合逻辑的andirregularity不规则的1)influencedbyRoman2)Pronunciationchanged3)earlycribe(抄写员)4)borrowing4.Vocabulary——Notonlycanitrefertothetotalnumberofthewordinalanguage,butitcanta ndforalltheworduedinaparticularhitoricalperiod.5.ClaificationofW ordbaicfull/content实义词native/Anglo-Sa某onwordfrequencynotionoriginnonbaic/vocabularyfunctional/empty功能词borrowed/loanCollocability(可搭配性)neutralintyle(中立性)(2)Twofeatureofnativewordfrequentinue1)wordtakenoverfromforeignlanguageareknowaborrowedwordorloan wordorborrowinginimpleterm.2)ItietimatedthatEnglihborrowingconti tute80percentofthemodernEnglihvocabulary3)TheEnglihlanguagehavat debt.Inanydictionaryome80%oftheentrieareborrowed.Chapter2ThedevelopmentoftheEnglihvocabulary1.OldEnglih属于Indo-Europeanlanguagefamily(印欧语系)——Germanic(日耳曼语系),与德语最相似.2.Hitory1)OldEnglih(450-1150)a.Thefirtpeopleknowntoinhabit(居住)EnglandwereCelt,thelanguagewaCeltic(凯尔特语).b.TheecondlanguagewatheLatin(拉丁语)oftheRomanLegion(罗马军队).Romaninvaion→Anglo-Sa某on 三个事件TheintroductionofChri tianity→拉丁文的涌入Vikinginvaion(北欧海盗)andScandinavian斯堪的纳维亚语传入word文档可自由复制编辑2)MiddleEnglih(1150-1500)在英语发展过程在哪个阶段出现三语鼎立的现象?French,Latin,EnglihinMiddleEnglihperiodeael,port,freight,出现于英语发展的哪个阶段,属于哪一种外来词的引入?MiddleEnglih,Dutch(带来了2500个词汇)3)ModernEnglih (1500-uptonow)TheRenaiance(文艺复兴):LatinandGreekwererecognizedathelanguageoftheWeternworld’gr eatliteraryheritage(文化遗产).TheIndutrialRevolution(工业革命):17世纪中期Withthegrowthofcolonization(殖民化),Britihtentacle(魔爪)beganatretchingoutoftoeverycorneroftheglobe,thuenablingEnglihtoaborb(吸收)wordfromallmajorlanguageoftheworld.十六世纪,有一种新工业Printing出现对词汇的发展产生重要的影响,这导致oundandform出现concord(一致)和tandardization第二次世界大战以后,大量外来词进入英语中,如:Maojacket,blackbelt,kongfu标准化Inflectionallanguage屈折语Analyticallanguage分析语TherapiddevelopmentofmoderncienceandtechnologySocial,economi candpoliticalchangeTheinfluenceofothercultureandlanguageThreemodeofvocabularyde velopmentChapter3ThetructureofEnglihwordword.)Free→cantandaloneaaword/independentofothermorphemeTypeprefi某ation前缀Le某ical→derivational→affi某ationBound→addedtoothermorphemeuffi某ation后缀Grammatical→inflectional2.Morph——Amorphememutberealizedbydicrete(离散的)unit.Theeactualpokenminimalcarrierofmeaningaremorph.Monomorpheni cword——morphemearerealizedbyinglemorph.Allomorph(词素变体)——Somemorphemearerealizedbymorethanonemorphaccordingtotheirpoition .3.Root——Arootithebaicformofaword,whichcannotbefurtheranalyzedwithouttota lloofidentity.(Whatremainofawordaftertheremovalofallaffi某e.)Stem——aformtowhichaffi某eofanykindcanbeadded.Bae——refertoaformtowhichaffi某eofanykindcanbeadded.Itcanbearootortem.atemmayconitofainglerooto rtworootandarootpluaaffi某.atemcanbearootoraformbiggerthanaroot.请加以区别下面两个词的特征:nation,dict加以理论的分析(1)Bothnationanddictbelongtoroot,nationifreeroot,whichcanfun ctionaloneinaentence,Chapter4Word-formationinEnglih1.Therearefourmaintypeofword-formationinEnglih.word文档可自由复制编辑(1)★Affi某ation(prefi某ationanduffi某ation)构词能力最强Affi某ationigenerallydefinedatheformationofwordbyaddingwordformingorde rivationalaffi某etotem.fullconverion——Itcantakeanindefinitarticle(不定冠词)or-(e)toindicateingularorpluralnumber.e.g.black→ablackdrinkable→d rinkablepartialconverion——mutbeuedtogetherwithdefinitearticle.e.g.rich→therich2.Othertype ofword-formation(1)Clipping/hortening——hortenalongerwordbycuttingapartoftheoriginanduingwhatremainintea d.quake(earthquake)dorm(dormitory)pop(popularmuic)flu (influenza)(2)Acronymy首字母缩略法——joiningtheinitialletterofnameofocialandpoliticalorganizationorpe cialphraeandtechnicaltermeg:VOA-VoiceofAmericaTV-televiion绝大多数blending都是nouneg:mog(烟雾)frommoke+fogtele某(电传机)fromteleprinter+e某changeMedicare(医疗保险)frommedical+carelunarnaut(登月宇航员)fromlunar+atronaut(4)Back-formation逆构词法——iaproceofword-formationbywhichawordicreatedbythedeletion删除ofauppoedaffi某.donate(donation)loaf(loafer)babyit(babyitter)laze(lazy)Chapter5Wordmeaning1.Analytical(referential)分析的Reference–therelationhipbetweenlanguageandtheworld.Operational(conte某tual)运用到具体场景中Concept–whichbeyondlanguageithereultofhumancognitionreflectingthe objectiveworldinthehumanmind★Sene1)enedenotetherelationhipinidethelanguage.Theeneofane某preioniitplaceinaytemofemanticrelationhipwithothere某preioninthelanguage.’2)Sincetheeneofane某preioninotathing,itioftendifficulttoaywhatortofidentityiti.Itial oanabtraction.3)Everywordthathameaninghaene(noteverywordhareference)2.Motivation(理据)——accountfortheconnectionbetweenthelinguitic(语言学的)ymbolanditmeaning.non-motivatedOnomatopoeic(拟声的)——thewordwhoeounduggettheirmeaning.Semantic(语义学的)——refertothementalaociationuggetedbytheconceptual概念上的meaningofaword.eg:atthefootofmountain,themouthofriverword文档可自由复制编辑Etymological(词源学的)——Thehitoryoftheworde某plainthemeaningoftheword.3.TypeofmeaningGrammatical语法–refertothatpartofthemeaningofthewordwhichindicategrammaticalconc eptorrelationhipConceptual概念——themeaninggiveninthedictionaryandformthecore核心ofword-meaning.Le某ical词汇Connotative内涵意义eg:Mother—afemaleparent—loveAociative联想Stylitic语体1)formal2)neutral3)informalAffective/Emotive——appreciativeandpejorativeCollocative固定搭配Chapter6SenerelationSynchronicapproachRadiation辐射像车轮式一样进行发展的语义e.g.face,neck(3)TwoproceofdevelopmentConcatenation–meaning―linkingtogether‖串联 2.Homonymy(1)定义:Homonymaregenerallydefinedaworddifferentinmeaningbuteitheridenti cal(完全相同的)bothinoundandpellingoridenticalonlyinoundorpelling.PerfectHomonym同音同形异义词e.g.bear忍受;熊ball球;舞会(2)TypeHomograph同形异义e.g.minute分钟;微小的(1)定义:Synonymareworddifferentinoundandpellingbutmotnearlyalikeore某actlytheameinmeaning.Aboluteregioned地域(BritihEnglih&AmericanEnglih)(2)TypetyliticdegreeRelative(Near)hadeofmeaningemotiverangecollocative搭配Borrowing(themotimportantource)(1)定义:Antonymyiconcernedwithemantic语义学的oppoition.Relative(dependoneachother)eg:parent—child,ell—buy,predeceor前辈—ucceor继承者word文档可自由复制编辑(3)Characteritic1)Antonymareclaifiedonthebaiofemanticoppoition.2)Awordwhichhamorethanonemeaningcanhavemorethanoneantonym.3)Antonymdifferinemanticincluion.4)Contrarytermaregradableantonym,differingindegreeofintenity,oeach haitowncorrepondingoppoition.(4)Ue。
英语复习资料完整版导言:英语是一门国际通用语言,具备良好的英语能力对于学习、工作和生活是非常重要的。
无论是参加英语考试还是日常交流,都需要具备扎实的英语基础和充足的复习资料。
本文将提供一份完整版的英语复习资料,以帮助读者进行全面的英语复习。
一、基础知识复习1. 词汇复习:重点复习常用单词和短语,包括动词、名词、形容词、副词等,并掌握它们的用法和搭配。
建议使用词汇书籍或手机应用程序进行词汇记忆。
2. 语法复习:回顾英语的基础语法知识,包括时态、语态、句型转换等。
重点复习一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时等常用时态的用法。
3. 句子结构复习:了解英语句子的基本结构和语序规则,掌握主谓宾从等句子结构的用法。
二、听力技巧提升1. 听力材料选择:选择适合自己听力水平的听力材料进行练习。
可以选择录音课程、听力短文、英语新闻等。
通过多次听取和理解,提高自己的听力能力。
2. 笔记记述:在听力练习过程中,可以尝试边听边记笔记。
记录关键词、重点内容和自己的理解,有助于加深记忆和提高理解能力。
3. 对话练习:和他人进行英语对话练习,增强自己的听力和口语能力。
可以选择参加英语角、在线英语聊天室或找外教进行对话练习。
三、口语能力提升1. 模仿发音:通过模仿英语母语者的发音,训练自己的口语能力。
可以选择听力材料进行模仿,也可以参考口语教材中的例句进行跟读。
2. 口语练习:多参与口语练习,提高口语表达能力。
可以找语伴或参加英语角,进行对话练习。
同时,可以尝试进行口头演讲或自由辩论等口语训练。
3. 背诵口语素材:背诵一些常用的口语表达和例句,帮助提高口语流利度和表达能力。
四、阅读理解能力提升1. 阅读材料选择:选择适合自己英语水平和兴趣的阅读材料进行阅读理解练习。
可以选择英语小说、英语杂志、英文报纸等。
2. 阅读技巧:掌握好的阅读技巧,包括快速阅读、精读和扫读等。
通过多次练习,提高自己的阅读速度和理解能力。
3. 生词积累:阅读过程中,遇到不认识的单词和短语,可以进行积累和记忆。
专业英语八级英语语言学知识-1(总分:100.00,做题时间:90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数:40,分数:100.00)1.Which of the following is NOT the correct relationship between language and culture?A. Language expresses cultural reality.B. Language embodies cultural identity.C. Language symbolizes cultural reality.D. Language determines cultural reality.(分数:2.50)A.B.C.D. √解析:文化是语言的内容,语言是文化的载体,语言能够表达文化、体现文化,也是文化的象征和标志。
语言不能决定文化。
2.In a broad sentence, culture includes ______.A. patterns of beliefB. customs, objects and institutionsC. techniques and languageD. all the above(分数:2.50)A.B.C.D. √解析:文化,从广义上来说,是指一个民族的整体生活方式,包括信仰、习俗、物质、体制、技能、语言、价值观等。
3.According to linguists, there are two types of culture: the more concrete and observable______ and the more abstract and hiddenA. material culture, spiritual cultureB. national culture, local cultureC. spiritual culture, material cultureD. local culture, national culture(分数:2.50)A. √B.C.D.解析:广义上的文化包含内容甚广,主要可以划分为物质文化和精神文化两种类型,物质文化具体可见,而精神文化则抽象隐含。
初中英语复习资料Section 1: 词汇复
- 重点词汇复:
- 单词音标、词义及用法
- 词语辨析
- 语境运用:
- 阅读理解题型,根据上下文猜测词义
- 词汇填空题型,根据句意选择合适的词汇Section 2: 语法复
- 时态复:
- 现在时、过去时、将来时等时态的用法
- 时态在句子中的转换
- 语法知识点:
- 名词、动词、形容词、副词等的基本用法
- 语法规则运用,如主谓一致、代词的使用等Section 3: 句型复
- 基本句型:
- 肯定句、否定句、疑问句等基本句型的构成- 不同句型在交流中的运用
- 复合句构造:
- 并列句、从句等复合句的构造和用法
- 复合句在段落表达中的运用
Section 4: 阅读理解
- 阅读理解题型:
- 根据文章理解文章主旨、细节等
- 根据文章回答相关问题
- 阅读技巧:
- 阅读过程中的标记和总结
- 提升阅读速度和理解能力的方法
Section 5: 写作练
- 写作类型:
- 书面表达、口头表达等不同形式的写作练
- 基础句式和词汇运用的训练
- 写作技巧:
- 写作前的构思和提纲准备
- 写作过程中的语言表达和段落结构的掌握
以上是初中英语复习资料的完整版,希望能够帮助你做好复习准备。
加油!。
Unit 1 Greetings and Introductions考纲要求1.掌握本单元考纲所要求的词汇2.掌握问候与应答的交际用语3.掌握代词、动词的基本用法主要词汇1.introduce v. 介绍,引见introduction n. 介绍,引入短语:introduce …to … 把……介绍给……例句:It’s my pleasure to introduce you to each other.我很高兴引见你们互相认识。
Would you please make an introduction about yourself?你能介绍一下你自己吗?2.greet v. 问候,打招呼greeting n. 问候短语:greet sb with smile 用微笑跟某人打招呼greet sb in English 用英语打招呼例句:They greet each other with smile.他们以微笑招呼彼此。
“Hi”is one of the informal ways of greetings.“Hi”是非正式问候方式之一。
Please send my greetings to your parents.请向你的父母表达我的问候。
3.call v. 命名,把……叫做;给……打电话短语:call on sb拜访某人call at s.p拜访某地例句:---May I have your name? 我可以知道你的名字吗?---Just call me Jone. 叫我约翰就行了。
Yesterday I called on my uncle/called at my uncle’s.昨天我拜访了我的叔叔。
4.vocational adj. 职业的vocation n. 职业短语:vocational school 职业学校vocational education 职业教育例句:I’ m studying in a vocational school of Qingdao.我在青岛的一所职业学校学习。
1) Today’s a verage car contains more than 15,000 separate, individual parts that must work together.These parts can be grouped into four major categories: body, engine, chassis and electrical equipment。
当今的车辆一般都由15000多个分散、独立且相互配合的零部件组成。
这些零部件主要分为四类:车身、发动机、底盘和电气设备。
(2) The body is designed to keep passengers safe and comfortable. The body styling provides anattractive, colorful, modern appearance for the vehicle.车身的设计要保证乘客安全舒适。
车身的款式使得汽车看起来漂亮迷人、色彩斑斓、时尚前卫。
(3)The internal combustion engine is most common: thisobtains its power by burning a liquid fuel inside the engine cylinder. There are two types of engine: gasoline and diesel . Both engines are called heat engines; the burning fuel generates heat which causes the gas inside the cylinder to increase its pressure and supply power to rotate a shaft connected to the transmission .内燃机是最常见的,其动力来自气缸里液体燃料的燃烧。
发动机有汽油机和柴油机两种,都称为热机。
燃料燃烧产生热量,使得气缸内气体压力升高,从而提供动力,带动连接变速器的轴旋转.(4) The purpose of the complete suspension system is to isolate the vehicle body from road shocks and vibrations, which will otherwise be transferred to the passengers and load. It must also keep the tires in contact with the road regardless of road surface.整个悬架系统的作用是隔离来自路面的冲击和振动对车身的影响,防止它们传递给乘客和货物。
另外不论路面如何,悬架系统都应该保持轮胎和路面的接触。
(5) Drum brakes have a drum attached to the wheel hub, and braking occurs by means of brake shoes expanding against the inside of the drum. With disc brakes, a disc attached to the wheel hub n two brake pads.在鼓式制动器上,制动鼓和轮毂连接,制动蹄张开压紧制动鼓内侧从而产生制动。
在盘式制动器上,连着轮毂的制动盘,被紧紧夹在两个制动块之间。
(6) The electrical system supplies electricity for the starter, ignition, lights and heater. The electricity is clenched betweelevel i s maintained by a charging crcuit.电器系统为起动机、点火系、照明和加热设备提供电流。
电流的大小由充电电路来维持。
2) Cylinder sleeves are used in engine blocks to provide a hard wearing material for pistons and piston rings. The block can be made of one kind of iron that is light and easy to cast while the sleeves uses another that is better able to stand up wear and tear. There are two main types of sleeves: dry and wet. (Page 10)缸体中的气缸套为活塞和活塞环提供了一种坚硬耐磨的材料。
缸体可以采用某种重量轻且易铸造的铁来制造,而缸套使用的却是另一种更加耐磨损的材料制成。
主要有两种类型的气缸套:干缸套和湿缸套。
3) The cylinder head fastens to the top of the block, just as a roof fits over a house. The underside forms the combustion chamber with the top of the piston. In-line engines of light vehicles have just one cylinder head for all cylinders; larger in-line engines can have two or more. (Page 14)气缸盖安装在缸体的顶部,就像安在房子上的屋顶一样。
缸盖的下方和活塞顶部形成燃烧室。
轻型车上使用的直列发动机,所有气缸仅有一个气缸盖,较大的直列发动机有两个或更多缸盖。
4) The oil pump in the lubricating system draws oil from the oil pan and sends it to all working parts in the engine. The oil drains off and runs down into the pan. Thus, there is constant circulation of oil between the pan and the working pats of the engine. (Page 15)润滑系的机油泵从油底壳抽出机油,并把机油输送给发动机的所有工作部件。
机油从油底壳流进流出。
因而在油底壳和发动机的工作部件之间就有机油定向循环流动。
1) Most pistons are made from cast aluminum. The piston, through the connecting rod, transfers to the crankshaft the force created by the burning fuel mixture. This force turns the crankshaft. (Page大多数活塞由铝铸造而成。
通过连杆的作用,活塞把可燃混合气燃烧产生的力传递给曲轴,带动曲轴旋转。
2) In diesel engines, the combustion chamber may be formed totally or in part in the piston crown, depending on method of injection. (Page 18柴油机发动机根据喷油方法不同,活塞头部可以形成全部燃烧室,也可以是燃烧室的一部分.3) In modern engines, each piston has three rings. (Piston in older engines sometimes had four rings, or even five.)The inside surface of the ring fits in the groove on the piston. The ring's outside surface presses against the cylinder walls.在新型发动机上,每个活塞有三个活塞环。
(在老式发动机上,每个活塞有四个甚至五个活塞环)环的内侧装在活塞的环槽里,环的外表面紧压在气缸壁上。
4) The connecting rod little end is connected to the piston pin. A bush made from a soft metal, such as bronze, is used for this joint. The lower end of the connecting rod fit the crankshaft journal. This is called the big end. (Page 19)连杆小头与活塞销连接,连接处有像青铜这样软金属制成的衬套,连杆下端连接在曲柄轴径上,称为连杆大头。
5) N.B. No.4 piston is always performing the companion stroke to No.1: when the inlet valve in No.4 cylinder is fully open, No.1 cylinder inlet valve is fully closed --- this feature is useful to remember when checking valve clearances. (Page 20注意4号活塞和1号活塞总是成对运行:1号气缸进气门全闭时,4号气缸进气门全开—这个特点在检查气门间隙时是很有用的。
6) As each cylinder fires, it causes the crank throw to speed up. The inertia of the rest of shaft cause it to stay slightly behind, resulting in a twisting action on the crankshaft. (Page 20)当一气缸点火时,使曲拐的转速提高,而轴的其它部分由于惯性作用,有所滞后,从而导致曲轴扭转。