2015高考二轮英语阅读理解提速专练(四) 阅读理解(社会现象类)+任务型阅读

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国II卷）A我的彩色电视带给我的只有头疼。

我在一年前能够买得起它因为我让我的亲戚在我过生日时给了我钱而不是很多不合身的衣服。

我被售货员欺骗，买了台不再生产的机型。

我是买完第二天从报纸的广告上看到同款机型比我买的价格少了75美元时，才意识到了这一点（发现自己被骗了）。

这台电视一开始太给力了，以至于我会一直开着它，一直到晚上电视台都不放送节目了我才关上。

幸运地是，我没有找到可以播放一整晚电影的频道，否则，我就不用睡觉了。

之后，我开始发现这个电视总是有静电噪音。

不知道什么原因，当电视节目切换到广告时，会出现很大的噪音，而且会持续几秒。

渐渐地，在节目播放过程中，这噪音也会出现。

为了消除这种噪音，我只好切换到另一个频道，然后再切换回来。

有时，这么做也不管用，为了摆脱这讨厌的噪音，我就得抬起电视，晃动它。

事实上，我胳膊上的肌肉就是通过这样晃动电视而练成的。

当以上两种方法都不能消除静电的噪音时，我就无助地坐着，等待着噪音自动消失。

结果就是我用拳头挥向这台电视，它彻底罢工了。

我去修理店花费了62美元，现在这台电视可算是好好工作了。

但是我一直期待它会带给我更多的麻烦。

B本篇译文见答案与详解第56页C现在有比以往任何时候都多的学生们在他们去上大学前，会休整一年。

高中毕业和上大学期间的这一年过去常常被称为“间隔年”。

“间隔年”现象起源于申请牛津和剑桥的学生在十一月入学考试和下一学年开学之间的几个月的空档期。

由英国大专院校招生委员会提供的关于大学入学的统计数据表明，今年，25310名即将步入大学校园的学生们把他们的入学时间推迟到了第二年。

学生中休间隔年的人数创纪录地增长了14.7%。

英国大专院校招生委员会的托尼•希金斯说这一数据对于将接受高等教育的每个人来说都是好消息。

做好充分计划休整一年的学生们更容易对他们所选择的课程感到满足，更能完成他们所选择的课程。

选择休间隔年的学生们往往更加成熟和尽责。

2015届高考高三英语二轮专题训练：阅读理解（2）(A)(2014·衡阳模拟) Baby girls make their way directly for dolls as soon as they cancrawl, while boys will head for cars, a study has shown. The findings,the first to show differences in very young babies, suggest there isa biological basis to their preferences.Psychologist Dr Brenda Todd from City University London carriedout an experiment involving 90 babies aged 9 months to 36 months. Thebabies were allowed to choose from seven toys. Some were typicallyboys’toys—a car, a digger, a ball and a blue teddy. The rest were girls’ toys: a pink teddy, a doll and a cooking set. They were placed a meter away from the toys; and could pick whichever toy they liked. Their choices and the amount of time they spent playing with each toy were recorded.Of the youngest children(9 months to 14 months), girls spent significantly longer playing with the doll than boys, and boys spent much more time with the car and the ball than the girls did. Among the two and three-year-olds, girls spent 50 percent of the time playing with the doll while only two boys briefly touched it. The boys spent almost 90 percent of their time playing with the car, which the girls barely touched. There was no link between the parents’view on which toys were more app ropriate for boys or girls, and the children’s choices.Dr Brenda Todd said, “Children of this age are already exposed to much socialization. Boys may be given toys that go while girls get toys they can care for, which may help shape their preferences. But these findings agree with the former idea that children show natural interest in particular kinds of toys. There could be a biological basis for their choices. Males through evolution have been adapted to prefer moving objects, probably through hunting instincts(本能), while girls prefer warmer colours such as pink, the colour of a newborn baby. ”(356W)1. Baby boys and girls have different toy preferences probably because .A. baby boys are much more activeB. baby girls like bright colours moreC. their parents treat them differentlyD. there is a natural difference between them2. Both baby boys and baby girls like to play with according to the study.A. a ballB. a teddyC. a carD. a doll3. What can we infer from Paragraph 3?A. Nine-month-old baby boys don’t play with the doll at all.B. Two-year-old baby girls sometimes play with the car and the ball.C. The older the babies are, the more obvious their preference is.D. Parents should teach their babies to share each other’s toys.4. What conclusion did Dr Brenda Todd draw from the results of the study?A. Adults purposely influence their babies’ preferences.B. Babies’ preference i sn’t affected by social surroundings.C. Baby boys preferring moving toys will be good at hunting.D. Baby girls preferring warmer colours will be warm-hearted.5. We may read this article in a section of a newspaper.A. scienceB. healthC. educationD. entertainment(B)Money, jewels and important documents are not the only valuables placed in banks these days. Some mothers store their breast milk in banks.There’re ten breast banks set up across the United States, where mothers can donate their extra milk for other women’s babies. Experts say breast milk is the best food for babies. The World Health Organization says it is the only food babies should ge t during the first six months of life, in most cases. Breast milk is especially important for babies born too early. Sometimes these premature babies must stay in the hospital for many weeks.James Cameron is a doctor who treats newborns at Lutheran Children’s Hospitalin Fort Wayne, Indiana. He says breast milk is almost like medicine. Doctor James Cameron said, “The fact is that there are so many different proteins and specialized sugars in the breast milk that the mom’s able to make that help provide immunity(免疫). It’s very important for the health of the newborn. ”There are several reasons some mothers may not be able to breastfeed. Some are not able to produce enough milk. Others might be taking medicines or have medical problems that prevent the process.Lucy Baur lives near Fort Wayne. She fed her milk to both her children and always had more milk than they needed. She wanted to donate to the Indiana Mothers Milk Bank in Indianapolis. But freezing and shipping milk can be costly. Then, a donor station opened near her home.Milk donations in the Unit ed States work like this: Donors must be willing to provide almost three liters of breast milk. They freeze the milk and take it to the station. There, employees warm the milk and mix it with other mothers’ milk. Then, the milk is heated to kill bacteria. After that, the technicians test samples of all the milk to make sure it is safe and healthful. The milk is refrozen and sent to the main milk bank. The milk bank transports the milk to hospitals to feed premature or sick babies. Donors are tested for diseases before any milk is accepted. They are not permitted to smoke tobacco, use illegal drugs or drink too much alcohol. (370W)6. The purpose of setting up breast milk banks is to .A. store extra fresh milk for school childrenB. provide milk for children who go hungryC. help mothers donate milk to other babiesD. offer free breast milk to premature babies7. The breast milk is important for newborns because .A. it protects them from any possible diseaseB. it contains rich n utrients that they needC. it is the only food that babies can eatD. it benefits them as the best medicine8. The underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refers to .A. milk bank employeesB. milk bank doctorsC. milk bank nursesD. breast milk donors9. Which of the following shows the process of milk donations in the USA?a. The mixed breast milk is heated to kill bacteria.b. Breast milk is donated by mothers, frozen by them and sent to the station.c. The breast milk samples are tested for safety reason.d. Different donors’ breast milk is warmed and mixed together by the station.e. The milk is frozen again and sent to the main milk bank.A. bdaceB. bcdeaC. badecD. cbaed(C)(原创)BEIJING, Oct. 1(Xinhua)—Police across China have gotready to deal with huge traffic flows along expressways during theeight-day national holiday, said the Ministry of Public Security hereMonday.Traffic along main expressways increased by more than 40 percenton Sunday, the first day of the holiday period, said a statement on the ministry website.Police have opened 743 service stations along expressways and set up to 14, 000 temporary service booths to help control traffic, the statement said.In addition, more than 16, 000 ambulances have been put on standby for emergencies and accidents along busy sections, the statement said.The number of travellers taking to China’s expressways totaled 85 million by 4 p. m. on Sunday, 13. 3 percent more than that of last year, according to the Ministry of Transport.The surge was partially due to a new government policy. Last month the State Council announced that passenger cars with seven seats or fewer will get a free pass through toll roads, bridges and tunnels during Spring Festival, Qingming Festival, Labor Day and National Day. And it officially takes effect from the National Day thisyear.The policy, which allows free passag e of passenger cars with seven seats or fewer on toll roads, bridges and tunnels, is warmly welcomed by the majority of private car owners, but some people complain that toll gates cause traffic jams during national holidays.Authorities predict that around 740 million trips will be made by Chinese people during the holiday, with about 660 million trips to be made on roads and waters. The ministry called in the statement for safe driving and urged drivers to stay away from hard shoulders(隔离墩)on expressways during congestions so emergency vehicles can pass. (283W)1. On the first day of the National Day holiday, the traffic along main expressways increased by .A. one fifthB. two fifthsC. three fifthsD. four fifths2. According to the new policy, what kind of cars can enjoy the free passage on expressways?A. Cars with seven seats.B. Cars with about seven seats.C. Cars with no more than seven seats.D. Cars with no less than seven seats.3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Police have opened 14, 000 service stations along expressways.B. Police have set up to 743 temporary service booths to help control traffic.C. Cars can enjoy the free passage on expressways only on the eight-day national holiday.D. By 4 p. m. on Oct. 1 there are more than 80 million travellers on China’s expressways.4. The underlined word“congestions”in the last paragraph means“”.A. traffic jamsB. holidaysC. daytimesD. nights5. What’s the main idea of the passage?A. Traffic along main expressways increased by more than 40 percent on Sunday.B. Last month the State Council announced a new government policy.C. The ministry called in the statement for safe driving during the eight-day national holiday.D. To solve the huge traffic f lows on expressways during the eight-day national holiday more police are sent and more measures are taken.(D)On the first day of my new high school, I almost had a nervous breakdown. Everything about the school seemed so difficult. When I got home, my parents said, “You’re nervous and that’s okay. Everyone is afraid of high school. ”I denied it. I wanted to be strong, so I refused to let anyone know about my fear, even my closest friends.On the first day I was late for every class and was constantly lost. The school seemed like a puzzle that I couldn’t figure out. Was this how the whole year was going to be? I didn’t think I could rise to this challenge, especially carrying a huge backpack that I could hardly lift. It was so big that I could knoc k someone out with it! The schoolmates seemed to regard me as a fool, and th ey were probably right.Despite my fears, after the first week I finally had my schedule figured out. With the exception of falling up and down the stairs a couple of times and getting laughed at, high school was turning out to be not so bad. It was actually much better than middle school and much more challenging.Since then, I’ve been elected vice monitor of my class, which wasn’t much of a victory since only three people ran for the four positions.It is normal to be scared about a new school. Take a deep breath and relax. High school is something that any student can overcome. Make sure you participate in some out-of-class activities because you’ll find it easier to make friends. Try to do your best, even if it isn’t straight A’s.Most important of all, be who you are, whether you’re a“fool”, an athlete, or a lower grader. Don’t try to pretend to be someone you’re not. Now you know the true secrets of high school. (302W)6. The main reason for the author’s fear on his first day is that.A. he was unable to work out the puzzleB. his schoolmates were unfriendly to himC. he was not familiar with the new surroundingsD. his schoolbag was too heavy for him to carry7. From the author’s first day experience we can infer that.A. his home was far from the schoolB. he got to school after classes beganC. he didn’t get any school scheduleD. he didn’t know the right way to class8. After his first week at school, the author .A. was still not accustomed to the scheduleB. gradually adjusted himself to the new schoolC. found high school not so challenging as he had imaginedD. ran for monitor of his class against three other students9. According to the passage, the secret of the author’s success lies ma inly in .A. making more friendsB. getting more A’s at schoolC. being who he really isD. joining in out-of-class activities男孩和女孩从很小的时候就表现出对不同玩具的偏爱, 心理学家做的实验也证明了这一点, 但其原因是什么呢?1.【解析】选D。

2015届高考英语二轮复习优化训练：阅读理解AImagine looking for your lost dog. You step into a cave. Butinstead of the dog, you find beautiful cave paintings. You seepaintings of horses, deer, and bison drawn in black, brown, redand yellow. Your first question would probably be“Who didthis? ”This is what happened to four French boys in 1940. They foundthe Lascaux caves. The paintings the boys discovered in thosecaves are about 17, 000 years old. They were drawn by the ancientpeople called Cro-Magnon(克鲁马努人).Cro-Magnons looked much like people of today. They used tools, such as fishing nets. But their art was extremely good. The main cave at Lascaux is called Great Hall of Bulls, which has a picture of bulls and horses in many colours. The largest animal is 18 feet long. There are smaller animals, such as bison, stags and a bear. There is also a strange spotted two-horned(两只角的)animal.To the left of the main cave are the most famous paintings that are the drawings of animals in many different colours. One painting is called Little Horses. On the ceiling are horses and cows. The most unusual sight may be in the Shaft of the Dead Man where there is a rhinoceros, a carefully drawn dead man, an injured bison and a bird.Why did Cro-Magnon artists do these beautiful drawings on cave walls? Did the drawings call upon some magic power? Did the Cro-Magnon people hope that the drawings would bring good luck? There is one thing the paintings seem to tell us. The Cro-Magnons were interested in the world. They looked at beauty and they understood it.【文章大意】本文介绍了法国Lascaux岩洞壁画的相关情况。

2015高考英语阅读理解提速特别训练AGrowing up in a small town in rural Malaysia, we did not have many toys. We had to be creative, so we built kites, played with sand and made jumping ropes from rubber bands. My father worked on my grandfather’s rubber-tree plantation, and sometimes he would take me with him and show me the thick, white rubber milk extracted (提取) from the trees to produce natural rubber.After school, I dreamed of becoming an engineer, but I could not get into my local university, because Malaysia’s race-based system limits the number of Chinese students. Like many of my friends, I had to leave Malaysia to go to university.My brother and I landed in Kansas on a snowy day in the spring of 1991. I had never seen snow before and barely spoke any English. I remember thinking I was halfway round the globe and that, if I screamed, nobody would hear.A year after I graduated, the Asian economy crashed, and many of my friends back home lost their jobs. In 1997, the US economy was booming, and with a master’s in mechanical engineering, it was easier to find a job in the US. So I started a career in crash safety in Detroit’s motor industry.I loved my job, but regretted not seeing my two daughters much.They were 9 and 12, and distant towards me. One night after work, I saw them making bracelets (手镯) from rubber bands and I thought, “Hey, I know how to do this. Maybe I can impress you girls.” I sat down and showed them how to link the rubber bands together, using the same technique we had used to make jumping ropes back in Malaysia. But the bracelets kept falling apart. I went down to my basement, grabbed a board and stuck multiple rows of pushpins into it. Then I started linking the bands in a zigzag, like a diamond shape, and it worked really well.The next day, my daughters took a bunch of colorful bracelets to school. I became a neighborhood hero overnight. Children would come up to me and ask me to make them bracelets. It was my older daughter, Teresa, who first suggested selling them. I spent six months developing the products and designed 28 different versions. I was still working full-time at Nissan, so I would stay up until three or four o’clock every morning.The biggest challenge was to convince my wife. I am the one in the family with all the crazy ideas, and she is my reality check. She always has the final say. One day, I made a ring out of rubber bands and put it on her finger. After that, she was on board.We invested our entire family savings of $10,000 to order tooling and 2,000lb of rubber bands from China, and assembled the kits ourselves in our garage. I spent months g oing round toy stores in Michigan with my daughters, trying to sell the loom band. Nobody was interested. The problem was that people didn’t understand how they worked. So I asked my niece and my daughters to create YouTube videos, explaining how to make rubber-band bracelets. These created a trend.In July 2012, I received an order from a toy store in Alpharetta, Georgia, for 12 loom-band kits. Less than two weeks later, the same store placed an order for $10,000. When my wife and I saw it, our jaws dropped. We thought it was a mistake. The store owners told us they had never seen anything like that. After that, our sales climbed every month until, in December 2012, we reached $200,000 wholesale sales a month. I took three-month leave from Nissan, but never returned to my old job.The journey has been magical, but there have been many challenges. Once, our supplier made amistake and delivered 10,000 metal hooks that were all bent in the wrong shape. I had to hammer every single hook into shape, which took a whole year. Last year, we sold more than $40m worth of rubber-band bracelets. I expect to double that this year.1. What is the author mainly talking about?A. He started his loom-band business.B. He had a happy childhood.C. He settled down in America.D. He made toys for his2. How does the author describe his childhood?A. Poor and backward.B. Lonely and neglected.C. Poor but happy.D. Hard but wealthy.3. The author thought his children distant towards him in that .A. the children lived in another stateB. the author was busily engaged in his jobC. the children only focused on making braceletsD. the author left his children in Malaysia4. What do you think of the author from the passage?A. Responsible.B. Warm-hearted.C. Creative.D. Humorous.5. What does the underlined part mean in the passage?A. She disliked the ring out of rubber.B. She thought the idea was worthless.C. She began to take the idea seriously.D. She refused to invest in the project.6. What conclusion can we come to from the passage?A. Diligence is the mother of success.B. Success is not all smooth sailing.C. Business is tremendously profitable.D. A good beginning is half the battle.BWhat do a football player, a recurrent nightmare and the Penn State football scandal (丑闻) have in common? They’re all part of a newly released novel from WestBow Press. Lion’s Awakening, by Cindy Bingham, is the story of Landon Steele, a former Penn State linebacker (后卫球员).Gifted and driven, Landon Steele made a name for himself in the world of college football. The only thing that stood between him and the NFL was his last few collegiate games. Then a heroic, game-saving play ended in one major injury. Landon’s dreams and future were gone. All that remained was a nightmare. This inspirational novel shows Landon’s struggle to accept his circumstances and to awaken to the plans God still has for his life.I first heard of Bingham from a friend and writer who stopped me at a writing conference and told me about the upcoming novel. How would Bingham weave (编造) the details of the scandal and upheaval (剧变) of a community into a fictional tale?Bingham has taught high school English and speech for more than 20 years. She has composed numerous school programs for speech classes and has written one inspirational musical. Both the St. David’s Writer’s Conference and the Mercer One-Day Writer’s Conference have presented her with awards.During a phone interview, Bingham talked with me about writing Lion’s Awakening. She said that one day she was discussing the legend of El Dorado and how to represent a goal with her students. “A student asked me what was my El Dorado,” said Cindy. “I heard myself say, ‘I think I’dlike to write a novel.’ I had never thought of that before.”“Sometime later, well before the events occurred in State College, I attended a teacher’s conference where a young man told his story. He had suffered an injury in football, seen his career plans end and suffered from depression. Later, in the shower, it occurred to me that the young man’s story was the basis for a novel. I started it at once.”“I set the story in State Colleg e. I have always been a Penn S tate fan. I didn’t know what to do. I was so far into the story. A friend suggested that I use the happenings and weave them into the tale. At first I thought she was crazy, but after a while, I began to see the interesting angle in that.I went back and m ade the adjustments,” she said.Bingham loves diagramming sentences, reading short stories and hearing the language spoken to encourage others, which benefits her a lot in finishing the book. When she is not writing or teaching, Bingham enjoys spending time with her best friend and husband, Mark. Because her children are grown and living far away, she isn’t able to spend as much time with them as she would like.Bingham likes to garden and create handmade greeting cards and has Hobby Lobby and JoAnn Fabrics on her list of favorite shops.Via e-mail, Bingham said that God has given her a wonderful family, great friends and the blessing of a relationship with Him.Lion’s Awakening is available through WestBow Press or at Amazon. com. Bingham will make an appearance on Nov. 2 at Meet the Author Day at the Public Library for Union County, 255 Reitz Blvd. She will also appear on Nov. 12 at Schlow Centre Region Library, 211 S. Allen St. in State College.7. Which of the following is TRUE about Lion’s Awakening?A. The book is based on a young football player’s true story.B. The book calls for more care for injured football players.C. The book is based on the author’s own experience.D. The book aims to expose the Penn State football scandal.8. According to the passage, the author might be a .A. writerB. football playerC. journalistD. teacher9. What inspired Cindy Bingham to write a novel?A. Her husband.B. Landon Steele’s story.C. The discussion of El Dorado.D. The Penn State football scandal.10. All of the following contribute to the completion of the novel EXCEPT .A. Cindy’s reading habitB. the support from Cindy’s husbandC. Cindy Bingham’s experience in teachingD. the suggesti on from one of Cindy’s friendsCAngela Watts and her daughter both learned they had breast cancer in 2011. After a two-year battle, they are both disease-free. But the war continues.The new enemy is their waistlines (腰围). Scientists have discovered that overweight not only increases the risks of getting cancer but the chances that cancer will return. Now, as medical studies seek to determine how much weight loss is needed for a better prognosis (诊断), and whether the fat-cancer link can be disrupted in other ways, patients are being encouraged to slim down.“We need to do this for our health, now more than ever,” said Angela Watts, 59, who is amongthe first survivors to benefit from a calorie-counting computer program provided by Johns Hopkins Hospital, where she was treated for Stage 2 breast cancer.Given that two-thirds of the national population is overweight, the connection between fat and breast ca ncer, the strongest in those diagnosed with th e disease, is especially troubling. Breast cancer remains the most common type of cancer for women in America, with more than 200,000 diagnoses and almost 40,700 deaths reported last year.Doctors and public health officials have long been promoting lifestyle changes to stop heart disease and diabetes, but they believe fewer people associate better diets and exercise with cancer prevention. Cancer patients, meanwhile, face their own problems. They might have trouble dieting and exercising because treatment often makes them gain weight while experiencing fatigue (疲劳) and other side effects. Given those challenges, researchers in Baltimore and across the country are seeking the best ways to change behaviors among those with a diagnosis and those who could be headed down that path.Dr. Lewis E. Foxhall, who works on cancer prevention policy at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, says doctors don’t know exactly how much weight loss improves a prognosis. One study, published in 2009, tracked only those who had weight-loss surgery, which typically cuts much more body fat than diet and exercise, and keeps the fat off longer. Researchers also believe that biological changes resulting from the surgery itself might have helped reduce women’s risk of cancer.Still, Foxhall recommends that doctors advise people to diet and exercise. “We need to pursue the things which are associated with preventing cancer and help us deal with cancer once we get it,” he said. “We need to address nutrition and physical activities and make sure people can make healthy choices.”Scientists think that obese women have high levels of hormones —including insulin, which regulates blood sugar, estrogen, a female sex hormone, and leptin, which helps regulate appetite — that lead to complex biological changes, including inflammation (炎症) in the body that can promote cancer growth. Some researchers are looking for ways to disrupt this link. Dipali Sharma, an associate professor working on breast cancer at Johns Hopkins, wants to develop a pill. After exploring the biology of ma ny compounds, she’s focusing on broccoli(花椰菜), garlic and the magnolia plant(木兰属植物).Angela Watts says the computer program is helping her. She’s been through surgery, chemotherapy and radiation for her breast cancer, and she knows that dropping more pounds can reduce the risk of the cancer recurring. The computer counts calories from her meals and subtracts (减去) calories burned from exercising, warning her when she’s approaching her daily 1,500-calorie limit. Watts says she weighed as much as 212 pounds and has a goal weight of 150.11. Angela Watts and her daughter have to continue the war because .A. they are both diagnosed with breast cancerB. they should have a better prognosis regularlyC. breast cancer has caused more serious problemsD. overweight may lead to the recurrence of the cancer12. When a person is being treated for cancer, .A. he can’t live a normal lifeB. he may feel tired and put on weightC. he must be brave enough to take challengesD. he should know his diets and exercise exactly【答案】B13.According to the passage, we can know that Dr. Lewis E. FoxhallA. holds the idea that prevention comes firstB. believes biological changes help cure women’s cancerC. suggests that doctor s should provide proper diets and exerciseD. doesn’t think losing weight improves a prognosis14. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Slim women are much healthier in the USA.B. Most experts doubt the calorie-counting program.C. Dipali Sharma has invented pills to cure breast cancer.D. Eating more broccoli or garlic can be beneficial to Angela.DOne of the ways that we learn language has been studying in a classroom. I planned to teach English when I graduated from college. I continued working fo r a company in Buffalo and used my time off to apply for a position as an English teacher.Auburn’s Central High School was badly in need of a seventh-grade English teacher. Then, in November 1969, my opportunity came and I began to teach seventh graders English.I taught grammar lessons in the first week. I found that there were some students who wanted to learn, but there were some who didn’t. After a week, I gave them a test covering what the students had learned. David, one of my students, had been ill for the week and arrived in time to take the test on Friday. He wasn’t worried about taking the test, even though he was absent when I taught the week’s lessons. I was surprised that he got good grades.One day I had a discussion with an eighth-grade English teacher. Somehow our conversation was drawn into a discussion about spelling. She told me that in Auburn School district there were no contestants (参赛者) in the annual contest held in Syracuse in previous years. David was one of the four students w ho wished to compete in that year’s Spelling Bee. I spent several weeks coaching my spellers, which was done at each of the contestants’ homes. While we were studying the words to be learned, and I surveyed the words to be given, I found one word that I had never seen before. I pronounced “an-ka-voy”, giving it to the eighth graders in our group. David didn’t recognize the word from my pronunciation. He asked to see the word that he was supposed to spell out. It was “anchovy”. Being of Italian-American ancestry (血统), I was familiar with anchovy, and it is a kind of little fish often baked with pizza, but I had never seen the word “anchovy” in print.In spring, I traveled with my contestants and their parents to a Syracuse high school where the contest was being conducted. All the contestants had to take a written test in the morning to qualify. Unfortunately, none of them qualified when the oral quiz was held in the afternoon. Because of David’s talent for learning quickly, I followed his progress after he co ntinued his education through the Auburn School system. As David became elder, even after he graduated from high school, he consulted me about English-related problems from time to time.After high school, David attended college, got married and became a teacher in Arizona. As I began writing my monthly column in the magazine, I shared my writing with him as I did with all of my other e-mail contacts.Recently, David offered to give me some suggestions on writing some of my future columns. He said, “There are thousands of similar examples which exist in texting.” He took the currenteveryday “How R U” as an appropriate example. He said, “Never has there been a season in which spelling words can be so critical... all thank s to the computer.”David, like many other teachers whom I have spoken to, emphasized that many writers lack the ability to construct proper sentences. I, as well as David and others, complain how many so-called professionals too often write in broken sentences.I hope there are many other teachers out there, who will admit that they also learn various things about our language from their students. I learn that many of us teachers are appreciated by those students who they teach.Recently, David made this solemn (郑重的) declaration to me, “You r work as a seventh-grade teacher helped me develop my ability to write and communicate...You have been that deep influence that affected me far more than you will ever know in other areas such as language, and on the personal level as a child, and this co ntinues to the very hour.”Maybe other former students also admire their past teachers in a similar way. This is another way that all of us can “watch our language”.15. The author sought a job as a teacher .A. after he gave up his job in a companyB. when he graduated from collegeC. because he hoped to earn more moneyD. when he was engaged in a company16. What did the author think of David at first?A. He was good at his study.B. He was cleverer than others.C. He would do badly in the test.D. He had a rude attitude towards his teachers.17. How did David behave in the annual contest?A. He did well in the oral quiz.B. He passed the written test.C. He won a prize in the contest.D. He fulfilled his teacher’s goal.18. It can be inferred from the 6th and 7th paragraphs that .A. David became a teacher because he was excellentB. the author once doubted David’s abilityC. David and the author developed a close relationshipD. the author enjoyed writing columns together with David19. What does the author think of David’s suggestions?A. Worthless.B. Priceless.C. Helpless.D. Meaningless.20. By saying the underlined sentence, David means .A. the computer promotes people to spell wordsB. th e computer lowers people’s ability to spell wordsC. people don’t have to spell words because they have computersD. spelling words becomes popular because of the invention of the computer。

阅读理解提速专练(二)阅读理解(科普类)＋任务型阅读(限时25分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2014·郑州第三次质量预测)In 2013, a report from The Ne w England Journal of Medicine showed that increased body weight is related to the death rate for all cancers. This is based on a study involving about 900,000 people, spanning many years.The study, started in 1992 by the American Cancer Society, included men and women from all 50 states. The youngest participants were 30 years old, and the average age was 57. By December 2008, 24% of the participants had died, just a quarter of them from cancers. In analyzing the results, researchers attempted to take account of such potential factors as smoking, drinking alcohol, taking aspirin and a wide variety of other factors that might otherwise affect the results.The results are clear: the more you weigh, the greater your risk of dying of cancer will be (up to 52% higher for men and 62% for women). In men as well as women, the only cancers that did not have a strong connection with weight were lung cancer and brain cancer. For women, the strongest correlation with weight was uterine cancer (子宫癌), which is 6.5 times higher for women with a BMI (Body Mass Index) of 40 or more. For men, it was liver cancer, which is 4.5 times higher in most obese(肥胖的) men.Smokers tend to be more successful in keeping weight off than non-smokers, slightly reducing the risk. But many of them don’t have good lungs. Thus, in another way, they also face risks.As for why extra weight leads to excess cancer death rate, there’s no clear agreement. But the decrease in vitamin D in obese people seems a likely factor. Vitamin D is known to have a role in preventing cancer. Also, there is a simple fact that obesity makes the management of cancer more difficult. Although for now there is no simple answer to why obesity increases a person’s cancer risk, all we know for certain is that the risk is real.1．The passage is mainly concerned with the relationship between ________.A．diet and cancerB．body weight and cancerC．sex and cancerD．smoking and cancer2．The author develops the passage mainly through ______.A．time order B．space orderC．analysis and comparison D．figures and examples3．The underlined word “spanning” in the first paragraph probably means “________”．A．lasting B．includingC．happening D．changing4．According to the passage, what can we learn about the study?A．There is a clear explanation concerning why obesity leads to more cancers.B．Generally speaking, women face fewer risks of dying of cancer than men.C．Women with a BMI of 40 dying of uterine cancer are more than other women.D．Smokers are still likely to face risks of dying of cancer though keeping weight off.B(2014·太原五中模拟)Scientists in UK have grown a living human “brain”.The team at Aston University created tiny bunch of cells which act like a mini nervous system.They believe it could help find a cure for worse mental conditions likeParkinson’s disease. Professor Michael Coleman is leading the researchprogram. He explained，“We are aiming to be able to study the human brainat the most basic level, using an actual living human cell system. Cells haveto be alive and operating efficiently to enable us to really understand how the brain works.” The experiment involves changing cells from a cancer tumour(肿瘤) and making them behave like brain cells.Although far from finished, researchers hope the false brain cells will give them a greater understanding of how real brains work. This, in turn, could significantly further research into conditions which affect the brain. Neil Hunt, chief leader of the research group, said，“It is still very early days, but in the future the research could lead to a useful tool for looking into dementia (痴呆)．”The technique could also provide a way to carry on animal test and is being supported by the Humane Research Trust (HRT). The scientists predict that over the next ten years a million people will develop dementia. Professor Coleman believes their findings could change this. He said，“We hope our research will provide scientists with a new and highly relational human experimental model to help them understand the brain better and develop new drugs to control the related disease. However, the biggest challenge at present is that we are greatly short of fund, which will slow our research.”5．UK scientists grow a living human “brain” in order to ________.A．study the structure of human brainB．make use of living human cell systemC．discover how human brain really worksD．separate cells from a cancer tumour6．According to Neil Hunt, research into brain cells ________.A．will get finished as early as possibleB．will make people discover dementiaC．will affect the brain growth in many waysD．will help to treat some diseases in nerve system7．From the last paragraph, we can know that ______.A．the technique provided by HRT is immatureB．animal tests are no longer allowed by lawC．a million people suffer from brain diseasesD．the research program lacks financial support8．The text is intended to ________.A．tell us about a breakthrough in medical researchB．introduce a research program in human’s brainC．introduce the progress of drugs for dementiaD．tell us about health problem in nerve systemⅡ.任务型阅读(2014·石家庄市高三模拟)Summer is the season to dive into new activities and kick back. And right now is the time to make sure that you’re ready for the great outdoors, the holiday planning and travel, and the bathing suit beach days.If you want to lose weight before summer, concentrate on dropping no more than a pound or two a week. __1__ And when you trouble yourself, sooner or later you’re going to gain it back. Operate at a 500-calorie-a-day deficit (亏损). __2__ So if you cut 500 calories a day for seven days straight, you’ll lose a pound a week right there.Operating at a decrease of 500 calories a day should involve both eating less and moving more; for example, you could consume 300 fewer calories and burn 200 extra per day.Include both healthy eating and exercise in your weight-loss plan, and break the 500-calorie goal into small groups to make it more reachable.__3__To cut 100 calories：__4__ Have vegetable pizza instead of pepperoni (意大利辣香肠). Use our Nutritional Needs Calculator to determine how many daily calories you should consume in order to lose, gain, or maintain your healthy goal weight. Once you’ve reached your goal, recalculate your nutritional needs for keeping extra weight off all summer long.To burn 100 calories: spend 15 minutes biking. __5__ Spend 20 minutes gardening. Keep on exercising at least 30 minutes daily a week. Reading food labels and counting calories or writing down what and when you eat can give you more control as well.A．Here are some simple ways to get there.B．Walk or run one mile.C．A pound is 3, 500 calories.D．It is okay to have some snacks between your meals.E．You should always make sure you get a lot of sleep.F．Anything more than that usually means you’re troubling yourself.G．Eat a chicken’s breast without the skin.答案Ⅰ.语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。

详解2015英语二真题阅读Text42015考研英语已经落下帷幕，今年英二考题的传统阅读部分在选项设计方面难度增加。

下面笔者就阅读第四篇进行深度解析。

第二篇阅读选自2014年7月7日在theHuffington Post发表的名为“The Good News About Obamacare in the June Jobs Report”的文章，就题材来说属于社会生活类，主要内容是描述了奥巴马的医保政策促进了美国的就业及其原因。

文章后五道考题中四道细节题，一道主旨题，其难度与往年第四篇相比趋于稳定。

首先36题是一道细节题。

该题考察了考生对文章第二段前两句的细节理解。

该题主要可采用我们钻石卡VIP课程中经常讲到的细节定位法。

根据题干关键词“job pictures, neglected”可以回文定位到第二段第一句话“the jobs picture ...was largely overlooked”，其中neglected是overlooked的同义替换。

并且此句有明显的命题点“however”。

第二句具体指出被忽略的部分是“there was a big jump in the number of people who report voluntarily working part-time.”，即有大量的人自愿从事兼职工作。

故正确答案为B。

其中increase是原文jump的同义替换，voluntary part-time jobs是voluntarily working part-time的同义转述。

阅读中的这种同义替换也是我们课程中屡次强调的考点。

A选项（蒸蒸日上的用工市场的前景）和D选项（加速创造就业机会）均是对第一段就业形势好的一种描述，并没有说这种现象被忽视。

故排除。

而C选项（全民就业的可能性），文中第一段只是客观描述了我们依然有很长的路才能达到全民就业，而并不是说这种问题被忽略，故C选项排除。

祝学长学业有成，取得好成绩专题四任务型阅读第一节考情揭秘考点设置最近5年江苏高考任务型阅读题考点情况分析一览表年份标题词数阅读文体2014What Is Peer Pressure407议论文2013Quiet Virtue：The Conscientious414说明文2012“Happiness Advantage” Effect471说明文2011When Should a Leader Apologize and When Not？428议论文2010The Magnetic Sense—the Living Compass525说明文命题特点江苏省高考英语任务型阅读题在测试考生阅读理解能力的基础上,对阅读信息进行二次加工，归纳要点，筛选、整合和综合概括零散信息,以表格的形式侧重考查考生的单词拼写、词性转换、句式转换、段落归纳等综合能力.特别要求考生掌握文章大意和分析文章结构、提纲和框架。

在2014年江苏高考英语卷中，任务型阅读题不同于往年以原词再现为主，同义替换和总结概括为辅的出题策略，该任务型阅读出题点分别为四个信息归纳题（71，74，76，77)，三个信息查找题(73，75，78），三个信息转换题(72，79，80）。

总体难点集中在前半部分,也是大多数考生的失分点。

2014年江苏高考的任务型阅读题,已不仅仅停留在单词定位能力的考察，解答信息归纳题的概况总结能力的熟练运用才是重点考察对象.在复习中，要注意以下几点：（1）注意词义和词性的转化的积累，提高对固定搭配的敏感度。

(2)重视句子、段落与文章之间的逻辑关系的剖析,多做概括总结题的训练。

(3)熟读课文和历年高考真题中的任务型阅读、完形填空和阅读理解经典篇目，培养对国外陌生的原汁原味的文章深入理解的语感。

阅读理解提速专练(三)阅读理解(人物故事类)＋任务型阅读(限时25分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2014·石家庄第二次统一检测)Pioneering front-row White House journalist Helen Thomas died at age 92 after a long illness. Thomas covered 10 presidents over nearly half a century, and became a legend in the industry.She was always at White House news conferences — sitting front and center — where she frequently annoyed government spokesmen with her pointed questions.Thomas began covering the White House for United Press International when John F．Kennedy became president in 1961 and was a fixture there until her retirement in 2010.In a written statement, Obama called Thomas a “true pioneer”and said she kept the presidents she covered — including himself — on their toes.Thomas, the daughter of Lebanese immigrants, was born in Winchester,Kentucky, on August 4, 1920. She was one of nine children. Thomas wasraised in Detroit, where she attended Wayne State University and graduatedwith a bachelor’s degree in 1942.In describing her job, Thomas once said，“I’ve never covered thepresident in any way other than that he is ultimately responsible.”Thomas embraced the freedoms of a columnist with vigor (活力). No question seemed off-limits for her. Colleagues remember her as a genuinely fearless woman who asked the toughest questions of presidents, no matter their party.In January 2009, as President George Bush was preparing to leave office, Thomas aimed her editorial guns at him and his administration. In a commentary, she slammed (抨击) Bush for what she considered his failings, including leading the country “into a senseless war against Iraqi a calamity still under way as he leaves office almost six years after the invasion.” She considered him “the worst president ever.”1．According to the text, Helen Thomas was________.A．a wise politician B．a writing pioneerC．a legendary journalist D．a White House adviser2．The underlined word “fixture” in Paragraph 3 probably means________.A．an object firmly fixed in placeB．a person regarded fixed in the same positionC．someone to fix tricky problemsD．a device to secure something somewhere3．What can we learn about Helen Thomas from the text?A．She covered 10 presidents over a period of 49 years.B．She often raised unreasonable questions.C．She was born and brought up in Lebanon.D．She was criticized by President Obama.4．How did Thomas comment on George Bush?A．He should be kept on his toes.B．He was forced to be responsible.C．He didn’t deserve to be president.D．He shouldn’t have started the Iraq War.B(2014·大连高三一模)Sitting in the front row in her college classes carefully taking notes, Nola Ochs is just as likely to answer questions as to ask them. That’s not the only thing marking her off from her classmates at Fort Hays State University. She’s 95, and when she graduates on May 12th, it’s believed she’ll become the world’s oldest person to be awarded a college degree.She_didn’t_plan_it_that_way. She just loved to learn as a teenager on a Hodgeman County farm, then as a teacher at a one-room school after graduating from high school and later as a farm wife and mother.“Even as I grew older, that enthusiasm for study was still there. I came here with no thought of it being an unusual thing at all.” she said.She’s getting offers for television appearances, and reporters show up wanting to interview her. She says she enjoys it. “It brings attention to this college and this part of the state.”She added，“I don’t think much of my age. It might limit what I can do. As long as I have my mind and health, it’s just a num ber.”Ochs started taking classes at Dodge City Community College after her husband died in 1972. After taking a class here and there over the years, she was close to having enough hours for an undergraduate degree.At 5-foot-2, her white hair pulled into a bun (圆形发髻), she walks energetically down hallways (走廊) to classes with her books in a big handbag.Students nod and smile; she’s described as witty (睿智的), nice and down-to-earth (务实的). “Everybody has accepted me, and I feel just like another student，”she said. “The students respect me.” An added joy for Ochs is that her 21-year-old granddaughter, Alexandra Ochs, will graduate with her.5．The first paragraph mainly tells us that Nola Ochs is________.A．hard-working B．successfulC．different D．energetic6．From the underlined sentence “She didn’t plan it that way”，we know that Nola Ochs didn’t________.A．mean to become the oldest college graduateB．want to stop learning as a young girlC．plan to be a farm wife and motherD．really enjoy learning at such an old age7．What’s Nola Ochs’attitude towards her age?A．She feels sad about it.B．She is proud of it.C. She tries to fight against it.D．She cares little about it.8．In the passage nothing is said about Ochs’________.A．educational experience B．relationship with othersC．major subject D．physical appearanceⅡ.任务型阅读(2014·山西省高考考前质量监测)There’s plenty of advice out there about what to do to get to sleep but what about what not to do? Pay attention to the following pre-bedtime activities.__1__ Exercise is a vital activity for your health, and can actually contribute to getting better-quality sleep.__2__And so it can make falling asleep more difficult.Studies have shown that too much screen time can impair your body’s ability to fall asleep.__3__Like exercise, hot showers and baths can actually help you fall asleep. The problem, however, comes out of taking one too close to the time you plan to go to bed.__4__ Caffeine, of course, and alcohol both make it difficult to get a good night’s rest. But drinking a lot of any liquid within the last hour or two before you go to bed will lead to late night bathroom breaks, and further disrupt your sleep. You shouldn’t go to bed thirsty, however, as you’ll likely wake up in the middle of the night to get a drink of water，__5__A．Balance is key here.B．Enough sleep is necessary.C．So close that laptop and turn off that TV about an hour before bed.D．But exercising within three hours of bedtime can raise your body temperature.E. Late exercises are better than hot showers.F．They could be hurting your chance at getting a good night’s sleep.G. Being overheated can bring same affects just like late exercises.答案Ⅰ.语篇解读：本文是一篇人物传记。

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1. 答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15B. £9.18C. £9.15答案是C。

1.What time is it now?A. 9:10B. 9:50C. 10:002.What does the woman think of the weather?A. It’s niceB. It’s warmC. It’s cold3.What will the man do?A. Attend a meetingB. Give a lectureC. Leave his office4.What is the woman’s opinion about the course?A. Too hardB. Worth takingC. Very easy5. What does the woman want the man to do ?A. Speak louderB. Apologize to her.C. Turn off the radio.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

2015届高考英语二轮复习优化训练：阅读理解A(2014·西安模拟) If you’re a dog lover, you probably know aboutthe Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show. Held annually inNew York City, the event attracts thousands of dogs andtheir handlers, each competing for the top prize, Bestin Show. Westminster is so popular that some peoplecall it a Canine(犬科)Super Bowl.But did you know that lots of smaller—and verydifferent—dog shows take place each year across the country? One of them was held recently in Jacksonville, Florida. It was the Pals and Paws Agility Trial.About 100 dogs took part in the three-day event, held March 8—10 at the Jacksonville Equestrian Center. In a dog contest, dogs compete on an obstacle course. They run through tunnels, weave through poles and jump through hoops and over hurdles. Handlers direct the dogs through obstacles. Dogs are judged on how long it takes them to complete the obstacle course and how well they perform each of the challenges. Ribbons and titles are awarded as dogs complete different events.Dog agility(灵活)is a popular sport, widely practiced around the world. Participants say it strengthens the bond between handler and dog while providing exercise for both.Does your dog have what it takes to compete? Liz McGuire says preparation is key. “You can keep your dog in condition by exercising them and feeding them the right foods, ”she said. “The dog has to train, sort of like a football player. ”McGuire competes in agility trials with five Australian shepherds(牧羊人).Suzanne Wesley’s gray poodle(狮子狗), Raya, was in top shape at the Jacksonville event: Raya won the Agility Dog Champion title. It is one of the competition’s highest awards. Other owners and dogs taking part in the trialsincluded Terry Herman and her miniature poodle, Idgie, and Stuart Mah with his four-year-old border collie, Ares.For dog owners like Hunter Moore, however, the Pals and Paws Agility Trial was pure entertainment. He has a pug named Bessie, but he doesn’t compete. What did Moore like most about the Jacksonv ille event? “Seeing everyone try their best, even the dogs! ”【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道, 介绍流行在美国佛罗里达州的Pals and Paws Agility Trial大赛的情况。