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（完整版）虚拟语⽓详解虚拟语⽓详解虚拟语⽓表⽰说话⼈的主观愿望（往往与客观事实相反），或是表⽰假象和猜测。
虚拟语⽓⽆论从形式上还是时态上都⽐较复杂，需要归类记忆。
虚拟语⽓⼤体分为三类：(1) be型虚拟(2) were型虚拟(3) if 条件句及主句虚拟下⾯会详细说每种虚拟形式的特征和规律，考试时先判断属于哪种虚拟类型，剩下的皆是套路~（1）be型虚拟（基本是套路）形式：should + 动词原形，should可以省略⽤法：1）表⽰“命令、建议、要求”等意义词语之后的宾语从句⽤be型虚拟，常见的词如下: demand, desire, insist, order, ask, command, propose, recommend, suggest, prefer, require, request等最常见的形式是这类动词后⾯接着⼀个宾语从句，则宾语从句的谓语部分要⽤（should）+ 动词原形来虚拟例: We demand that the meeting（should）be postponed.The manager suggested that we (should) work together.注意：有时候你所见到不⼀定是上述动词引导的宾语从句，⽽是由上述词变体后所引导主语从句(it做形式主语，如：it is advised/ suggested/ requested/ ordered/ proposed that…)、表语从句或同位语从句例如：It is required that the students (should) learn a foreign language. (主语从句) The requirement is that all the equipment in the meeting room (should) be checked twice before. (表语从句)We didn’t stand for his proposal that the meeting (should)be postponed. (同位语从句)只要看到句中有上述动词或其变体，不管词性怎么变、句型怎么变，都⽤be型虚拟！特例：suggest和insist这两个⽐较特殊，当suggest作“暗⽰、表明、说明”讲，insist作“坚持说”讲，后⾯⼀般跟的是客观事实，不需要虚拟~这是⼀个⽐较重要的考点，体会下⾯两组句⼦：We all suggest that a lab (should) be built. 我们都建议建⼀个实验室。
长沙市第一中学虚拟语气讲义虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句及与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。
具体情况请看下表：例句：（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件倒装的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ）in that situation，I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought，what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，things wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
这种句子称为含蓄条件句。
例如：But for the help from you ，I would not have had the chance to go to college.二、虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用在某些词或短语后接的从句中要使用虚拟语气，表示愿望、建议或命令等。
根据虚拟语气的形式不同，虚拟语气可以分为“should类”和“过去时态类”。
（一）should类这一类的虚拟语气是通过从句中的谓语动词使用“should +动词原形”体现出来的，should 可以省略。
其具体运用体现在：1. 在suggest ，order，demand ，propose，command，request，desire，insist等表示建议、命令、要求、意见的动词后接的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气。
如：He suggests that she should leave the house at once.The leader ordered that the task（should）be finished as soon as possible.He proposed that we （should）deal with the problem by the view of development.2. 与suggest，order，demand，propose，command，request，desire，insist等动词相对应的名词suggestion，order，demand，proposal等后的表语从句或同位语从句中要使用虚拟语气。
如：The general sent the order that the battle（should）be held on until the complete failure of the enemy.My proposal is that we（should）set a deadline for handing in the plan.3. 在It is/was suggested （ordered，demanded，proposed，etc.）结构以及necessary，essential，important，strange，natural等形容词后的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气。
如：It’s requested that we （should）keep the stability of the society for the peopl e’s peaceful life.It is necessary that the badly wounded man（should）be treated immediately.（二）过去时态类英语中，还有一些词或短语后接的从句或句子，也要使用虚拟语气，虚拟语气是通过句中的谓语使用过去的某种时态（如：一般过去时、过去完成时等）来体现的。
1. wish，would rather 后的宾语从句。
如：He wished he had never been involved in such affairs.I would rather you could teach me again.2. as if，as though引导的从句。
如：The little boy knows so many things as if he was a man.He acted as usual as though nothing had happened.3. 由if only （要是……，那该多好啊！）引导的惊叹句。
如：If only I had passed the test！If only it stopped raining！4. It is（about/high）time 后的定语从句。
如：It is time we went out for a walk.It was high time they had begun to prepare the experiment.三、虚拟语气的其它用法在英语中，一些表示建议、请求、劝告、愿望、祈祷、祝福或诅咒的句子，也需要使用虚拟语气。
如：Would you mind smoking here？May you be lucky！Long live the people of China！God save me.1. I’d just as soon ____ rudely to her.A. you not speakB. your not speakingC. you didn’t speakD. you hadn’t spoken2. _________, I’d have done it myself.A. If I would have known itB. If I had have known itC. Had I known itD. Should I known it3. We prefer that the plan ____________ before being put into execution.A. will be fully discussedB. be fully discussedC. must be fully discussedD. would be fully discussed4. If only we ____ then the disease was curable.A. knewB. could knowC. had knownD. would have known5. If you _________ my advice, you ________ your failure now. You _________ your victory.A. took ... wouldn’t cry over ... would celebrateB. had taken ... wouldn’t have cried over ... would have celebratedC. had taken ... aren’t crying over ... are celebratingD. had taken ... wouldn’t be c rying over ... would be celebrating6. It was urgent that he _________ her immediately.A. callsB. calledC. callD. would call7. It’s high time that something _________ to prohibit selling fake commodities.A. must be doneB. was doneC. be doneD. were done8. He insisted that we all ____ in his office at one o’clock.A. beB. to beC. would beD. shall be9. ____________, I’d have done it myself.A. If I would have known itB. If I had have known itC. Had I known itD. Should I known it10. There was a traffic jam; otherwise I ____ here on time.A. would beB. had beenC. should beD. would have been1. C。
would just as soon (=would rather, had rather或had just as soon)意为“宁愿”，后接从句时，其从句谓语动词要用一般过去时表示虚拟语气。
2. C 。
if 条件句中包含有should, had, were 则可省去if 并把should, had, were 移到句首，构成倒装句式，而意思不变。
3. B此句考点是虚拟语气。
及物动词advise, agree, ask, beg, command, decide, demand, determine, dictate等后面的宾语从句须用虚拟语气。
