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虚拟语气中与现在事实相反和与将来事实相反的表达虚拟语气是英语中的一种语法现象，用来描述与事实相反或假设情况的虚拟情况。
与现在事实相反和与将来事实相反是虚拟语气中常见的两种情况。
本文将就这两种情况做详细的讲解和举例。
一、与现在事实相反的虚拟语气表达在与现在事实相反的情况下，英语中通常使用"虚拟语气"来表示。
触发虚拟语气的条件最常见的是"if"引导的条件句，以及某些动词和形容词，例如"wish", "if only", "had better", "would rather"等。
以下将具体介绍这些形式的用法及例句。
1. 使用"if"引导的条件句"If"引导的条件句是虚拟语气中与现在事实相反的常见表达方式。
在这种结构中，谓语动词使用过去式（简单过去式、过去进行时或过去完成时），同时主句的谓语动词使用"would"或"could"来表示虚拟情况。
例如：- If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky.（如果我是一只鸟，我会在天空中飞翔。
）- If he wasn't busy, he could help us.（如果他不忙的话，他可以帮助我们。
）2. 使用"wish"和"if only""Wish"和"if only"被用来表达对现在事实的虚拟希望或遗憾。
在这种情况下，谓语动词要使用过去式，并且要注意动词的时态和人称的一致性。
例如：- I wish I had more money.（我希望我有更多的钱。
）- If only I could speak French.（要是我会说法语就好了。
与现在事实相反的虚拟语气例句
哎呀呀，我今天可真是倒霉透顶了！“要是我今天能变成一只小鸟该多好呀，就不用上学，不用写作业啦！”我一边嘟囔着一边收拾书包准备去上学。
走在路上，阳光晒得我睁不开眼，我心里那个懊恼啊。
到了学校，同学们都在嘻嘻哈哈地打闹着。
同桌小明看到我，笑嘻嘻地说：“嘿，你今天怎么一脸不高兴呀？”我没好气地说：“哼，我要是能像你这么开心就好了。
”小明耸耸肩说：“哎呀，这有啥难的。
”
上课铃响了，老师走进教室，开始讲课。
我却怎么也集中不了精神，心里一直在想：要是我现在在外面玩耍该多好呀。
想着想着，我就开始走神了。
突然，老师叫我回答问题，我一下子懵了，结结巴巴地说不出话来。
老师瞪了我一眼，说：“上课要认真听讲！”我低下头，心里别提多难受了。
好不容易熬到了放学，我走在回家的路上，心情依然很糟糕。
看到路边的小狗在欢快地跑着，我就想：我为啥不能像小狗一样自由自在呢？回到家，妈妈已经做好了饭，看到我不高兴的样子，问我怎么了。
我嘟囔着说：“要是没有那么多作业就好了。
”妈妈笑着说：“傻孩子，没有作业怎么能学到知识呢？”
晚上，我躺在床上，想着这一天的经历，心里暗暗想：如果这一切都不是这样该多好呀。
如果我能更努力一点，上课认真听讲，也许就不会被老师批评了；如果我能更乐观一点，也许就不会觉得这么倒霉了。
可是，没有如果呀，我只能从现在开始，努力改变自己。
我知道，生活中没有那么多的虚拟语气，我们不能总是幻想如果怎样怎样。
我们要面对现实，努力让自己变得更好。
虽然有时候会觉得不如意，但只要我们坚持不懈，总会有收获的一天。
虚拟语气一1与事实相反；If + 主语+ did/were. 主语+ would/should/could/might + v.If I saw him now, I would be very happy.If he were here now, we could ask him about it.If I were you now, I shouldn’t quarrel with him.If I had time today, I would go with you.2与过去事实相反；If + 主语+ had done, 主语+ would/should/could/might + have done.If I had seen him then, I would have been very happy.If he had been here then, we could have asked him about it.If I had been you then, I shouldn’t have quarreled with him.If I had had time yesterday, I would have gone with you.3与未来事实相反；If + 主语+ did/should to/were to do,主语+would/should/could/might + v.If I saw/should see/were to see him tomorrow, I would be very happy.If he were/should be/were to be here tomorrow, we could ask him about it.If I were/should be/were to be you tomorrow, I shouldn’t quarrel with him.If I had/should have/were to have time tomorrow.二If条件句中were,had,should可用于倒装句，此时If需省略.If I had seen/Had I seen him then, I would have been very happy.If I should/Should I have time, I would go with you.If I were/Were I you tomorrow, I shouldn’t quarrel with him.三If条件句可与but for/without (如果不……要不是……)等互换.If I hadn’t had/But for/Without/But that I didn’t have your help yesterday, I couldn’t have done it well.四有时，从句动作与主句动作发生的时间不一致，动词要根据时间来调整.Tom would be alive today if doctor had come sooner last night.If he had followed the doctor’s advice then, he would be quite all right now.If I were you now, I would have gone to the theatre yesterday.If you had studied have at that time, you would be a college student now.（五）wish +从句从句中用虚拟语气If onlywould / could / might + v. (与将来事实相反)did (与现在事实相反)had donecould have done (与过去事实相反)He could / would / might visit us tomorrow.I wished He visited us today.If only He had visitedus yesterday..could have visited(六)would rather do sth than do sthsb did (与现在、将来事实相反) would rather + 从句had done(与过去事实相反)He would rather visit us than stay at home.he visited us today.I would rather he visited us tomorrow.he had visited us yesterday.二、be型虚拟1.advise/suggest/order/command/demand/insist(建议应)/require/request/decideHe demanded that John (should) go there at once. 宾从She advised that he (should) give up smoking. 宾从I made a suggestion that he (should) go there at once. 同位语从句My suggestion was that he (should) go there at once. 表语从句This is the suggestion that/which he made at the meeting. 定从2.It is natural/important/necessary/surprising/strange/funny/suggested/requested/ordered/arranged(安排)/decided/a pity/a shame/no wonder(难怪) 从句It is necessary that we (should) keep the balance of nature.It is important that he (should) be sent there at once.It is requested that Miss Cai (should) give a performance at the party.It is strange that he (should) say so.It is a pity that he (should) miss such a golden chance.didIt is time thatShould dogot up.It is time that weshould get up .As if/as though 可虚拟可不虚拟he were 10 years younger today.It looks as if a ghost were running after him now.he hadn’t had a meal for a week.The grandma speaks as if she were a girl in one’s teens.。
英语虚拟语气的假设用法与与现实相反的情况虚拟语气在英语中是一种特殊的语法形式，用于表达与现实相反或假设的情况。
虚拟语气通常在条件句或表达意愿、建议、命令等语境中使用。
本文将介绍英语虚拟语气的假设用法，并探讨与现实相反的情况。
一、虚拟语气的假设用法虚拟语气的假设用法常用于表示与现实相反的情况，包括：1. 与现在事实相反的情况要表达与现在事实相反的假设情况，我们可以使用"would/could/might + 动词原形"的结构，例如：- If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky.（如果我是一只鸟，我会在天空中飞翔。
）- If I had enough money, I could buy a new car.（如果我有足够的钱，我可以买一辆新车。
）2. 与过去事实相反的情况要表达与过去事实相反的假设情况，我们可以使用"had + 过去分词"的结构，例如：- If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.（如果我学习更努力，我就能通过考试了。
）- If she had known, she would have told us.（如果她知道的话，她就会告诉我们。
）3. 与将来事实相反的情况要表达与将来事实相反的假设情况，我们可以使用"were to + 动词原形"或"should + 动词原形"的结构，例如：- If it were to rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我们会呆在家里。
）- If she should arrive late, please let her in.（如果她迟到了，请让她进来。
）二、与现实相反的情况利用虚拟语气的假设用法，我们可以表达与现实相反的情况。
虚拟语气总结虚拟语气是英语语法中的一种特殊语态，用来表达一种假设、愿望、建议、命令、怀疑或可能性的情态。
在句子中，虚拟语气主要通过动词的形态变化和句子结构来表示。
一、虚拟语气的形态变化：1. 过去虚拟语气：主要用于表示与事实相反的情况或不可能实现的愿望。
形式为：had + 过去分词。
例如：“If I had enough money, I would travel around the world.”2. 现在虚拟语气：主要用于表示与现在事实相反的情况或不可能实现的愿望。
形式为：动词原形+过去式。
例如：“If I were you, I would study harder.”3. 条件句中的虚拟语气：主要用于表示条件句中的假设情况。
形式为：should/would/could/might + 动词原形。
例如：“If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.”二、虚拟语气的用法：1. 表达与现在事实相反的情况：使用“were”作为虚拟语气动词，无论主语是单数还是复数。
例如：“If I were you, I would apologize.”2. 表达与过去事实相反的情况：使用“had”作为虚拟语气动词。
例如：“If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.”3. 表达不可能实现的愿望：使用虚拟语气动词的适当形式来表示愿望、建议或命令。
例如：“I wish I were taller.” “If only I could speak French.” “She demanded that he leave immediately.”4. 表达估计、推测、怀疑或建议：使用虚拟语气动词的适当形式来表示可能性。
例如：“It is important that he arrive on time.” “She suggested that we go to the cinema.”三、虚拟语气的注意事项：1. 注意一致性：在条件从句中，主句和从句的动词形式要保持一致。
虚拟语气包含两种：一种指与事实相反或不可能发生。
“虚拟条件句+虚拟主句”的结构都属于这一类。
另一种指与事实实际是否发生没有直接关系。
虚拟语气有哪些用法1.虚拟条件句的三种基本类型：与现在事实相反、与过去事实相反、与将来事实相反。
2.与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式，主句谓语用should（would,could,might）+动词原形。
3.与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用should （would,could,might）+have+过去分词。
4.与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用should （would,could,might）+动词原形。
虚拟语气语法知识英语中的各种语气：1，陈述语气：I like apples 我喜欢苹果。
（肯定）I don't like apples我不喜欢苹果（否定）2，疑问语气：What's your name？你叫什么名字？Do you like apples?你喜欢苹果？3，祈使语气：Open the door 打开门3，虚拟语气：If I were you, I would forgive her如果我是你，我将会原谅她。
虚拟语气结构讲解：1，与现在的事实相反：从句用过去式，主句用would/could/might/should/+动词原形例如；If I had time ，the classroom would be so clean 如果我有时间，教室将会更加干净。
2，与过去的事实相反：主句用would/could/should/might/+have+ done , 从句中过去完成时例如；If I had finished my homework ，I would have passed that test如果当时我完成了我的做，我就能够通过我的考试了。
英文虚拟语气结构1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟：If + did / were + ..., ... would/ should/ could/ might + do （动词原形）If I were you, I would go abroad at once. (I am not you.)If he knew it now, he could help me. (He doesn't know it now.)2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟：If + had done + ..., ... would (might) have done ...If I had known your telephone number yesterday, I would have phoned you. (I didn't know your telephone number.)If you had e here a little earlier just now, you might have met her. (You didn't e here earlier.)3. 与将来事实相反的虚拟：(1) If + should + v., ... would + v. （可能性很小）（译作“万一”）If it should rain tomorrow, you could stay at home.If I should fail, what should Ido?(2) If + did / were to + v ..., would + v. （完全不可能）If the sun were to rise in the west, I would lend you the money.If you finished it in 3 minutes, I would give you my car.4. 特殊重点［简单联想记忆］：● 下列动词后的“宾语从句”中需要用虚拟形式，即should + 动词原形，shoud在美国英语中要省略（TOEFL语法考点）。
虚拟语气的表示方式和情态动词的运用虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）是一种特殊的语气，用于表示非现实、假设或愿望等情况。
在英语中，虚拟语气通常通过使用情态动词来表达。
本文将介绍虚拟语气的表示方式以及情态动词的运用，帮助读者更好地掌握和运用这两个语法要点。
一、虚拟语气的表示方式虚拟语气主要通过以下几种方式来表示：1. 与现在事实相反的情况当表达与现在事实相反的情况时，虚拟语气通常使用"would/could/should + 动词原形"的形式。
例如：- If I were rich, I would buy a big house.（如果我富有，我就会买一栋大房子。
）2. 与过去事实相反的情况当表达与过去事实相反的情况时，虚拟语气通常使用"had + 过去分词"的形式。
例如：- If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.（如果我学习更努力一些，我就能通过考试了。
）3. 虚拟条件句虚拟条件句通常由"if"引导，表示假设情况。
在虚拟条件句中，谓语动词使用虚拟语气的形式，主句中则使用与其相应的情态动词。
例如：- If I were you, I would apologize.（如果我是你，我会道歉。
）二、情态动词的运用情态动词是英语中一类特殊的动词，用于表达能力、意愿、可能性等。
在虚拟语气中，情态动词常常与虚拟语气一同使用，以表达假设、建议、要求等不同的语义。
以下是情态动词在虚拟语气中的运用：1. "should"用于表示建议、要求或命令- It's important that he should arrive on time.（他能按时到达非常重要。
）2. "could"用于表示请求或提议- I wish you could help me with this assignment.（但愿你能帮我完成这个作业。
虚拟语气的各种用法虚拟语气的各种用法、虚拟条件句的三种基本型别：与现在事实相反、与过去事实相反、与将来事实相反。
条件句有真实条件句和非真实(虚拟)条件句两种。
真实条件句所表示的假设是有可能发生的，而非真实条件句则通常表示一种假想，与事实相反或不大可能会发生：If I have time, I will go with them. 假若我有时间，我就同他们去。
(陈述语气)If I were you, I would go with them. 假若我是你，我就同他们去。
(虚拟语气)▲ 与现在事实相反若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”：If I knew her number ，I could ring her up. 要是我知道她的电话号码，我就可以给她打电话了。
(可惜我不知道)▲与过去事实相反若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”：If I’d left sooner，I’d have been on time. 要是我早点动身，我就准时到了。
(但我动身太迟了)▲与将来事实相反若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”：If I asked him，I’m sure he’d help us. 如果我向他提出要求，肯定他会帮助我们。
(不过我不打算这样做)注：几点特别说明① 主句谓语中的should主要用于第一人称后。
would, might, could的大致区别是：would表示结果，might表示可能性，could表示能力、允许或可能性。
比较：If you tried again ，you would sueed. 要是你再试一试，你就会成功的。
if的虚拟语气的用法
if的虚拟语气表示假设、猜测或想象，常用于表达虚拟的情况，如可能不会真的发生的情况、假设的情况、愿望的情况等。
if的虚拟语气有三种：
1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟语气(if引导的从句用过去完成时态，主句用would/could/should+动词原形)
例句：If I had known you were coming, I would have prepared dinner.
2. 与现在或将来可能的情况相反的虚拟语气(if引导的从句用过去时态，主句用would/could/should+动词原形)
例句：If I had time, I would go to the gym every day.
3. 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气(if引导的从句用过去完成时态，主句用would/could/should+have+过去分词)
例句：If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.。
英语与现在事实相反的虚拟语气
虚拟语气在英语语法中是一种表示假设、假定或虚拟情况的语气。
当我们想表达现在事实相反的情况时，就需要使用虚拟语气。
以下是几种常见的表示现在事实相反的虚拟语气的情况：
1. If + 过去式动词，主语 + would/could/might + 动词原形
这种情况下，if引导了一个虚拟条件句，表示如果过去的情况
发生了，现在的情况就会相反。
例如：If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.（如果他努力学习过，他就会通过考试。
）
2. If only + 主语 + could/might + 动词原形
这种情况下，if only表示“要是……多好啊”，表示对现在情
况的不满和期望。
例如：If only I could speak Chinese fluently, I would be able to communicate better with my Chinese friends.（要是我能够流利地说中文，我就能够更好地和我的中国朋友交流了。
）
3. Were + 主语 + to + 动词原形
这种情况下，were后面接主语，to表示“如果”，表示虚拟的情况。
例如：If I were to win the lottery, I would travel around the world.（如果我中了彩票，我就会周游世界。
）
虚拟语气在英语中较为常见，需要我们在学习和使用时注意细节，掌握好语法规则，才能更好地表达自己的意思。
- 1 -。
英语中在非真实条件句中虚拟语气虚拟语气用于非真实条件句中有下列几种情形：1. 表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，非真实条件句中的谓语动词用“过去式(be动词一般用were)”，而主句的谓语动词用“would / should / could / might + 动词原形”。
如：①If I were you I would stay here. 如果我是你，我就呆在这儿。
②We would go with you if we had time. 如果我们有时间，会和你一起去的。
2. 表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，非真实条件句中的谓语动词用“过去完成时”，而主句的谓语动词用“would / should / could / might + have + 过去分词”。
如：①If he had come here yesterday, I should have told him about it. 如果他昨天到这里来，我早就告诉他这件事了。
②If I had seen you yesterday, I would have asked you about it. 如果我昨天看到你，我就会问你这件事。
3. 表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，非真实条件句中的谓语动词用“过去式或should或were to + 动词原形”，而主句的谓语动词用“would / should / could / might + 动词原形”。
如：①If it should rain this afternoon, the basketball match would be put off. 要是今天下午下雨，篮球比赛就延期举行。
②If it were to snow tomorrow, they wouldn't go for an outing. 如果明天下雪，他们就不外出游玩。
4. 错综时间条件句中的虚拟语气即当非真实条件句中表示的行为与主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。
语法专项11——虚拟语气的用法【虚拟语气】英语中有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气、疑问语气和虚拟语气。
虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。
一、虚拟语气用于条件句中1．表示与现在事实相反：条件状语从句中谓语动词用一般过去时(be的过去式用were)；主句中谓语动词用would(should，could，might)＋动词原形。
If I were you，I would study hard.2．表示与过去事实相反：条件状语从句中谓语动词用had＋过去分词；主句中谓语动词用would(should，could，might)＋have＋过去分词。
If he had taken my advice，he would have passed the test.3．表示与将来的事实相反：条件状语从句中谓语动词用一般过去时或should ＋动词原形或were to＋动词原形；主句中谓语动词用would(should，could，might)＋动词原形。
If it were to rain tomorrow，they would not go to the cinema.【帮你归纳】【小叮咛】1)if条件句中只要用了过去的时态就说明该句要使用虚拟语气。
2)if条件句中只出现一个表示与将来事实相反的情态动词should。
3)含有if条件句的虚拟语气中，主句都要用情态动词，且都可理解为过去式。
二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气用法1. 在wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的主观愿望，从句中通常用虚拟语气。
从句中谓语动词的构成形式为：1）表示对现在情况的虚拟，从句中谓语动词用过去式(be动词一般用were)。
I wish it were spring now. 我希望现在是春天。
2）表示对过去情况的虚拟，从句中谓语动词常用had＋过去分词。
I wish he had come yesterday.我希望他昨天能来。
与现在事实相反的虚拟语气句子文章一小朋友们，今天咱们来聊聊一种特别有趣的句子，叫做与现在事实相反的虚拟语气句子。
比如说呀，要是我能像小鸟一样飞，那该多好啊！可实际上我不能飞，这就是和现在的事实相反啦。
再比如，要是我有魔法，能一下子把作业都写完，那我就太开心啦。
但其实我没有魔法，这也是和现在不一样的想法哟。
就像如果我现在有好多好多的糖果，能随便吃，那多棒。
但现实是我没有那么多糖果呢。
你们想想，还有没有这样类似的句子呀？文章二小朋友们，你们知道吗？有一种神奇的句子叫与现在事实相反的虚拟语气句子。
像“要是我现在是个超级英雄，我就能拯救世界啦”。
可咱们都知道，我现在不是超级英雄，没办法拯救世界。
“要是我有一百双漂亮的鞋子，每天都能换着穿”，但这不是真的，我没有那么多鞋子。
“要是我现在在游乐场，想玩什么就玩什么”，可实际上我没在游乐场呢。
这种句子是不是很有趣呀？文章三小朋友们，咱们来认识一种新的句子。
“要是我现在在海边，就能堆大大的沙堡啦”，但我其实在这呢，没在海边。
“要是我有一个大大的蛋糕，怎么吃都吃不完”，可惜我没有这么大的蛋糕。
你们是不是也能想出这样的句子呢？文章四小朋友们，今天讲个好玩的。
“要是我现在变成了一朵花，每天都能晒太阳”，可我不是花呀。
“要是我有一把神奇的钥匙，能打开所有的门”，但这把钥匙不存在哟。
“要是我现在在月亮上，就能看到地球的样子”，但我还在地球上呢。
这样的句子是不是很有意思？文章五小朋友们，咱们来看一些特别的句子。
“要是我能瞬间移动，想去哪就去哪”，可这是做不到的哟。
“要是我现在有好多好多的玩具，房间都装不下”，但没有这么多玩具。
“要是我有超能力，能让时间停止”，但这只是想象啦。
你们喜欢这样的句子吗？。
虚拟语气与事实相反，要用虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。
虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示，对虚拟语气在各种句式中的用法介绍如下：A).条件从句的虚拟语气Eg. 如果我是你，我就不看电视了.If I were you, I should/would not watch TV.如果我做完家庭作业，我就去参加晚会.If I did/had done my homework, I would go/have gone to the party.如果你昨天晚上不看电视，就不会迟到了.If you hadn’t gone to the cinema, you would not have been late for class.如果你努力地学习的话，你就会考试及格了。
If you had studied harder, you would have passed the exam.The plants in our garden__________better if it had not rained so much last year.A.had grownB.would have grownC.were growingD.would growNote:a).条件从句中if 的省略，要倒装如果条件从句的谓语动词包含有were或助动词、情态动词had,should,could，有时可将连词if省去，而将条件从句的主语置于were,had,should,could之后。
这种用法主要用于书面语，如：a.与现在相反：If I were you (=Were I you) , I would go with him.b.与过去相反：If I had had time then (=Had I had time then), I would have gone with you.c.与将来相反：If I were to visit/should visit/visited the Great Wall tomorrow, (=Were I to /Should I visit the Great Wall tomorrow), I wouldtake my son with me.注意：在否定句中not不可提至主语前，如：（误）Weren’t I here now, I would be in the bus.（正）Were I not here now, I would be in the bus.b).without 可以代替条件从句Eg.没有水和空气，我们就不能生存。
We would not live without water or air.c) 混合虚拟条件句如果条件从句的动作和主句的动作不是同时发生，主句和从句的谓语动词的形式应分别根据各自所表示的时间加以调整。
这种句子叫做混合虚拟条件句。
如：If he had followed my advice,he would be quite all rightnow.（从句述说过去，主句述说现在）If China had not been liberated,the working people wouldstill be leading a miserable life.（从句表示与过去的事实相反，主句说明与现在的事实相反）d) 省略主句，只保留if(only)的条件句虚拟条件句中的表示结果的主句有时形式上可以省略，但意义仍然存在。
这种句子只保留一个if(only)条件从句，表达说话人的强烈愿望。
如：If(only)shewere my sister！她是我的妹妹就好了！e) 用but或but for引导含蓄条件句（but后跟从句，but for后跟短语: 假如没有, 要不是）But for your help,our experiment wouldn’t have been sosuccessful.假如没有你们的帮助，我们的实验是不会如此成功的。
But for the storm,we should have arrived earlier.要不是碰到暴雨我们会到得早一些。
We would have invited them to the dance,but they were too busy.要不是他们太忙，我们会邀请他们来参加舞会的。
此句可改写为：If they had not been so busy,we would haveinvited them to the dance.But that he is in hospital,He would go abroad for hissummer vacation.要不是生病住院，他就出国度暑假了。
该句可改写为：If he wereint in hospital,he would go abroadfor his summer vacatiom.f) "If o nly ..."这是一种特殊句式结构一、"If only..."用于感叹句中,是一个保留条件句,省略了主句的形式。
用来表示某人对某事的一种强烈愿望或未实现的条件,其意为"但愿……;真希望……;要是……就好了"。
常用于虚拟语气的谓语动词形式。
If o nly s he w ere m y s ister! 如果她是我姐姐该多好啊!(=How f ine i t w ould b e i f s he w ere m y s ister!)"If o nly..."引导的从句谓语动词形式分以下几种:1. If only后常接一般过去时,表示对现在的一种难以实现的愿望。
如:1)If only I had that book! 我要是有那本书就好了。
=How fine it would be if only I had the book (but I haven't the book).2)If only I were younger! 要是我年轻点儿就好了!=How fine it would be if only I were younger! (but I am not younger)3)If only my mother were here now! 要是我母亲现在在这儿就好了。
(but she isn't here now)4)How fine it would be if only they could find a way to get to the room!他们要是能够找到一条通道进入那个房间该多好啊! 2. If only后常接过去完成时,表示过去没有实现的愿望。
如:1) If only you had worked with greater care! 你当时干活时要是再认真些就好了!(but you didn't work with greater care)2) If only we had arrived in time, we would not have missed the train! 要是我们及时赶到,就不会误车了。
(but we didn't arrive in time)3. If only后常用过去将来时表示将来不大可能实现的愿望。
如:If only she would win!但愿她能赢!二、If only有时也可引导陈述语气的真实条件句,意思为"只要……"。
If o nly i t c lears u p, w e'll g o. 只要天一放晴,我们就去。
与此句型容易混淆的还有一种结构"only if...",only置于if前表示强调if条件,意为"只要……",用于引导陈述语气的真实条件句。
Only i f y ou s tudy h ard, y ou w ill p ass t he t est. 只要你努力学习,就会通过考试。
B).宾语从句的虚拟语气a).wish+宾语从句与现在/将来事实相反谓语动词--- be---were/ 动词---过去式与过去事实相反过去完成式eg. I wish I were a bird flying freely in the sky.I wish you passed the entrance exam.I wish you hadn’t been absent yesterday.b).表示请求，命令，建议的动词后(一坚持(insist),二命令(order,command),三建议(suggest,propose,advise),四要求(demand, require, request,ask)谓语动词---(should)+doeg.我们建议她去看医生。
We suggested that she (should) go to see a doctor.例外情况：suggestion，insist后从句中不用虚拟语气的问题．suggest作为“表明，暗示”时，不用虚拟语气insist作为“坚持认为”时，不用虚拟语气eg.The smile on his face suggested that he succeeded in the task.我们坚持他应该去看医生。
(坚持要sb做)We insisted that he (should) go to see a doctor.We insisted that old Li was an advanced worker in our company.Jane's pale face suggested that she ill and her parents suggested that she ______ a medical examination.A.be;should haveB.was;haveC.should be;hadD.was;hasC).主语从句的虚拟语气It is important/necessary/strange+that+主+(should) do.Eg. It is necessary that we (should) master a foreign language to find a good job.D).状语从句的虚拟语气a).方式从句与现在/将来事实相反谓语动词--- be---were/ 动词---过去式与过去事实相反谓语动词---过去完成式eg.她很悲伤仿佛整个世界都背叛了她。
