非谓语动词——分词作状语精讲与精练Traveling at a speed over 400 kilometers per hour, the train can complete the 30-kilometre journey in eight minutes.英语中，分词作状语主要分以下三种情况：一．分词充当状语时，分词的逻辑主语和主句的主语一致，即为“分词作状语”二．分词充当状语时，分词的逻辑主语和主句的主语不一致，即为“独立主格”三．独立主格一般需自带主语，若省去其主语，则为独立主格中的特殊情况，即为“悬垂分词”分词作状语分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。
分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加not (never)+分词The student sat there, not knowing what to do. (否定形式)辨析：done与being done Painted white, the room looks bright.Being painted now, the room can’t be lived i n.___________ (use) as a means of transport in China, the bike is very useful.___________ (use) by me now, the bike can’t be lent to you.2. 句法功能常可转换成相应的状语从句。
有时为了强调，分词前可带when, while, once, if, though, as if, unless等连词一起作状语，以便使句子的意思更清楚、更连贯。
1) 表时间Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.=When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.(While) waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.=While ______________________ for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.When offered help, one often says “Thank you.” or “It’s kind of you.”=When ______________________, one often says “Thank you.” or “It’s kind of you.”某些动词，如：hear, see, arrive, leave, return, get to, look, open, close等，表示一个极短暂的动作，它们的分词可换做on+动名词，译为“一（刚）…就…”。
