考研翻译必备词汇

常用词汇1.中国历史与文化1 京剧 Peaking opera2 秦腔 Qin opera3 功夫 Kungfu4 太极 Tai Chi5 口技 ventriloquism6 木偶戏 puppet show7 皮影戏 shadow play8 折子戏 opera highlights9 杂技 acrobatics10 相声 witty dialogue comedy11 刺绣 embroidery12 苏绣 Suzhou embroidery13 泥人 clay figure14 书法 calligraphy15 中国画 traditional Chinese painting16 水墨画 Chinese brush painting17 中国结 Chinese knot18 中国古代四大发明 the four great invention of ancient China19 火药 gunpowder20 印刷术 printing21 造纸术 paper-making22 指南针 the compass23 青铜器 bronze ware24 瓷器 procelain、china25 唐三彩 tri-color glazed pottery of Tang Dynasty26 景泰蓝 cloisonne27 武术 martial arts28 儒家思想 Confucianism29 儒家文化 Confucian culture30 道教 Taoism31 墨家 Mohism32 法家 Legalism33 佛教 Buddhism34 孔子 Confucius35 孟子 Mencius36 老子 Lao Tzu37 庄子 Chuang Tzu38 墨子 Mo Tzu39 孙子 Sun Tzu40 象形文字 pictographic characters41 文房四宝 the Four Treasures of the Study42 《大学》 the Great Learning43 《中庸》 the Doctrine of the Mean44 《论语》 the Analects of Confucius45 《孟子》 the Mencius46 《孙子兵法》 the Art of War47 《三国演义》 Three Kingdoms48 《西游记》 Journey to the West49 《红楼梦》 Dream of the Red Mansions50 《水浒传》 Heroes of the Marshes51 《山海经》 the Classical of Mountains and Rivers52 《资治通鉴》 History as a Mirror53 《春秋》 the Spring and Autumn Annals54 《史记》 Historical Records55 《诗经》 the Book of Songs56 《易经》 the I Ching、the Book of Changes57 《礼记》 the Book of Rites58 《三字经》 Three-character Scriptures59 八股文 eight-part essay60 五言绝句 five-character quatrain61 七言律诗 seven-character octave62 旗袍 cheongsam63 中山装 Chinese tunic suit64 唐装 Tang suit65 风水 Fengshui、geomantic omen66 阳历 Solar calendar67 阴历 Lunar calendar68 闰年 leap year69 十二生肖 zodiac70 春节 the Spring Festival71 元宵节 the Lantern Festival72 清明节 the Tomb-sweeping Day73 端午节 the Dragon-boat Festival74 中秋节 the Mid-autumn Day75 重阳节 the Double-ninth Day76 七夕节 the Double-seventh Day77 春联 spring couplets78 庙会 temple fair79 爆竹 firecracker80 年画 traditional New Year picture81 压岁钱 New Year gift-money82 舞龙 dragon dance83 元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings84 花灯 festival lantern85 灯谜 lantern riddle86 舞狮 lion dance87 踩高跷 stilt walking88 赛龙舟 dragon boat race89 胡同 hutong90 鲁菜 Shandong cuisine91 川菜 Sichuan cuisine92 粤菜 Canton cuisine93 扬州菜 Yangzhou cuisine94 月饼 moon cake95 年糕 rice cake96 油条 deep-fried dough sticks97 豆浆 soybean milk98 馒头 steamed buns99 花卷 steamed twisted rolls100 包子 steamed stuffed buns101 北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck102 拉面 hand-stretched noodles103 馄饨 wonton、dumplings in soup104 豆腐 tofu、bean curd105 麻花 fried dough twist106 烧饼 clay oven rolls107 皮蛋 100-year egg、century egg108 蛋炒饭 fried rice with egg109 糖葫芦 sugar-coated haw on sticks110 火锅 hot pot111 长城 the Great Wall of China112 烽火台 beacon tower113 秦始皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang 114 兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses115 大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda116 丝绸之路 the Silk Road117 敦煌莫高窟 Mogao Grottoes118 华清池 Huaqing Hot Spring119 五台山 Wutai Mountain120 九华山 Jiuhua Mountain121 峨眉山 Mount Emei122 泰山 Mount Tai123 黄山 Mount Huangshan、the Yellow Mountain 124 故宫 the Imperial Palace167 皇太后 the four great invention of ancient China168 汉高祖刘邦 Emperor Hangaozu169 成吉思汗 Genghis Khan170 春秋时期 the Spring and Autumn Period171 文成公主 Tang Princess Wencheng172 慈禧太后 Empress Dowager CiXi173 皇帝、君主 Emperor174 诸侯 vassal175 皇妃 imperial concubine176 丞相、宰相 prime minister177 太监 court eunuch178 少数民族 ethnic minority179 祭祀 offer sacrifice180 西域 the Western States181 战国 the Warring States182 中华文明 Chinese civilization183 文明的摇篮 cradle of civilization184 秦始皇统一中国 unification of the country by Emperor Qinshihuang185 鸦片战争 the Opium War186 太平天国 the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom187 戊戌变法 the Reform Movement of 1898188 辛亥革命 the 1911 Revolution189 新民主主义革命 New-democratic Revolution190 五四运动 the May 4th Movement of 1919191 南昌起义 Nanchang Uprising192 九一八事变 September 18th Incident193 长征 the Long March194 西安事变 Xi'an Incident195 南京大屠杀 Nanjing Massacre196 抗日战争 the War of Resistance Against Japan 197 毛泽东 Mao Tse-tong198 孙中山 Sun Yat-sen199 蒋介石 Chiang Kai-shek200 国民党 Kuomingtang201 中华人民共和国 the People’s Republic of China202 满族 Manchu203 蒙古人 Mongol204 士大夫 scholar-official205 学者 scholar206 诗人 poet207 政治家 statesman208 社会地位 social status2.中国政治1 一国两制 One Country，Two System2 三个代表 the Three Represents Theory3 两会 Two Conference4 南南合作 South-South Cooperation5 南北对话 North-South Dialogue6 人大常委会 People’s Congress Standing7 法制观念 awareness of law8 法治国家 a country with an adequate legal system9 改革开放 reform and opening-up10 官僚主义作风 the bureaucratic style of work11 和谐并存 harmonious coexistence12 精神文明建设 the construction of spiritual civilization13 科教兴国 national rejuvenation through science and education14 可持续发展 sustainable development15 廉洁高效 honesty and high efficiency16 两岸关系 cross-straits relations17 两岸谈判 cross-straits negotiations18 领土完整 territorial integrity19 民族精神 national spiritual20 普选制 general election system21 求同存异 seek common ground while shelving difference22 人大代表 NPC member23 物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilization24 小康社会 a well-off society25 小康水平 a well-off standard26 一个中国原则 the One-China Principle27 一个中心，两个基本点 one focus，two basic points28 与时俱进 keep pace with the times29 综合国力 overall national strength30 共同愿望 common desire31 “走出去”战略 going global32 不结盟 non-alignment33 特别行政区 special administrative region34 沿海经济特区 special economic zones in coastal areas35 单边主义 unilateralism36 多边政策 multilateralism37 多极世界 multipolar world38 干部双重管理体制 system of dual control over cadres39 国防动员体制 mobilization system for national defense40 社会听证制度 a system of public hearings41 文化体制改革 cultural restructuring42 标本兼治 address both the sympotoms and root cause43 参政议政 participation in and deliberation of state affairs44 多重多头执法 duplicate law enforcement45 基层自治组织 grassroots self-governing organizations46 党的民族政策 the Party'spolicy toward ethnic minorities47 丰富民主形式 develop diverse forms of democracy48 基本行为准则 basic code of conduct49 年度国家预算 annual state budge50 提高立法质量 improve the quality of legislation51 加大治本的力度 devote greater efforts to tackling root cause52 进行和平统一谈判 hold negotiation on peaceful reunification53 民主监督 democratic supervision54 全国人民代表大会 National People’s Congress55 中国人民政治协商会议 Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference56 求真务实、开拓进取的精神 truth-seeking and pioneering spirit57 勤俭建军 build the army through diligence and thrift58 文化市场体系 system of markets for cultural products59 司法机关 judicial organs60 防卫作战能力 defense capabilities61 国家意志 will of the state62 加强法制宣传教育 give more publicity to the legal system63 打防结合 combine punishment and prevention64 军事法规体系 system of military rules and regulations65 和则两利 reconciliation benefits both66 和则生谐 reconciliation leads to harmony67 廉政文化建设 to foster a culture of clean government68 城市主干路 city thoroughfare/avenue69 反腐倡廉 anti-corruption bid70 基层组织 primary-level organizations71 预防救治工作 prevention and treatment work72 国土资源管理 land and resources administration73 公益性文化事业 non-profit cultural under-takings74 人事制度改革 reform of personnel system75 提出折中提议 set forth a compromise proposal76 农村税费改革 reform of rural taxes and administrative charges77 推动经济社会全面、协调、可持续发展 promote all-around，balanced and sustainable development of the economy and society78 医疗制度和医疗合作制度 medical care system and medical assistance system79 利益协调机制 interest coordinating mechanism80 反腐败领导体制 leadership system against corruption81 法定职能 legal functions82 国际关系民主化 promote democracy in international relations83 跨越式发展 leapfrog development84 社会公示制度 a system of keeping the public informed85 实行民主监督 exercise democratic supervision86 废除农业税 rescind agriculture tax87 国防科技工业体制改革 restructuring of defense-related science，technology and industry88 积极防御的军事战略方针 military strategic principle of active defense89 加强文化法治建设 build up a legal system concerning culture3.中国经济1 国民生产总值 gross national product2 人均国内生产总值 per-capita gross domestic product3 鼓励 give incentive to4 改善经济环境 improve economic environment5 整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order6 控制通货膨胀 control inflation7 搞活企业 invigorate enterprises8 经济复苏 economic recovery9 多种经济、多样化经济 diversitified economy10 发展循环经济 develop a circular economy11 社会主义经济成分 socialist sector of economy12 家庭联产承包责任制 Contract responsibility system with remuneration linked13 世界经济多极化 multi-polarization of world economy14 产权交易 transaction of property rights15 合并资产负债表 consolidated balance sheet16 经营自主 autonomy in operation17 经济实力 economic strength18 两元经济结构 urban-rural dual economy19 经济学 catching-up effect20 后发优势 advantages of a late comer21 工农业生产总值 total industrial andagricultural output value22 国民经济体系 national economic system23 提高经济效益 to work for more and better economic result24 国民收入 national revenue25 国有经济 state-owned economy26 内向型经济 internal-oriented economy27 经济制裁 economic sanction28 国民经济预算 national economic budget29 对外贸易 foreign trade30 内地 interior areas31 贸易伙伴 trading partner32 协调发展 to coordinate the development33 国家批准 to be approved by the state34 收支平衡 balance of payment35 过热的经济 overheated economy36 消费品价格指数 consumer price index37 商品物价指数 commodity price index38 产权登记年龄 annual checks of registration of property rights39 企业集团 enterprises and enterprises groups40 促进再就业 merging of enterprises and promote re-employment41 消费水平 consumption level42 跨国公司 transnational corporation43 经济技术开发区 economic and technological development zone44 利用外资 utilize foreign investment45 国外直接投资 direct foreign investment46 改善投资环境 improve investment environment47 技术、知识密集型项目 technology and knowledge intensive project48 顺差/逆差 favorable/unfavorable trade balance49 总需求 aggregate demand50 总供给 aggregate supply51 企业文化 corporate/enterpreneurial culture52 企业形象 corporate image53 创业精神 enterprising spirit54 猎头公司 head-hunter55 假日经济 holiday economy56 人力资本 human capital57 外资企业 foreign-fund enterprise58 合资企业 joint venture59 中外合资企业 sino-foreign joint venture60 独资企业 wholly foreignowned/fundedent-enterprise61 固定资产 fixed-assets62 航空和航天工业 aerospace industry63 飞机制造业 aircraft industry64 电子工业 electronic industry65 汽车制造工业 car industry66 娱乐业 entertainment industry67 信息产业 Information industry68 知识密集型产业 knowledge-intensive industry69 国有大中型企业 large and mediumsizedstate-owned enterprise70 轻工业 light industry71 博彩业 lottery industry72 制造业 manufacturing industry73 市场多元化 market diversification74 垄断行业 monopoly industries75 市场经济 market economy76 市场监管 market supervision77 购买力 purchasing power78 熊市 bear market79 牛市 bull market80 城镇化 urbanization81 房地产 real estate82 首付 down-payment83 业主 home-owner84 个人购房贷款 individual housing loan85 经济全球化 economic globalization86 泡沫经济 bubble economy87 关税 tariff88 企业所得税 corporate income tax89 出口关税/进口关税 export tariff/import tariff90 纳税人 tax payer91 宏观经济 macro economy92 货币投放量 the size of money supply93 流动性过剩 excess liquidity94 注入性流动 to inject liquidity95 贴现率 discount rate96 存款准备金率 reserve requirement ratio97 公开市场业务 open market operation98 逆回购 reverse repurchase agreement99 稳健的货币政策 prudent monetary policy100 微调货币政策 to fine-tune monetary policy 101 硬着陆/软着陆 hard landing/soft landing102 二十国集团 Group of Twenty103 财政部长 Finance Minister104 全年预期经济增长目标 the expected growth target for the whole year105 经济活力 economic vitality106 大规模经济刺激计划 a massive economic stimulus packge107 结构改革 structure reform108 硬资产/软资产 hard assets/soft assets109 有形资产 tangible assets110 经济走廊 economic corridor111 定价浮动 price fluctuations112 谋求利益最大化 to maximize profit113 债务审计 audit of debt114 亚欧财长会议 Asia-Europe Finance Minister’s Meeting115 地方性政府债务 local government debt116 公共财政体制改革 an overhaul of the public fiance system117 国有资产管理体制改革 Reform of management ofstate-owned property118 宏观控制与微观搞活 macro control and micro invigoration119 风险控制机制 risk-control mechanism120 恶性通货膨胀 galloping inflation121 土地征收征用制度 system for land expropriation and requisition122 反倾销调查 anti-dumpling investigation123 行业信息发布制度 Information release system for industries124 扶贫基金 relief subsidies125 粮食风险基金 grain risk fund126 债务管理 debt management127 信用支持 credit support4.中国社会1 多元文化理论 cultural pluralism2 文化适应 acculturation3 社会保障 social security4 社会救助体系 social assistance system5 实现社会公平与正义 to ensure social equity and justice6 完全掌握 on top of things7 简言之 in a nutshell8 时差 jet lag9 班车 shuttle bus10 搬迁户 a relocated unit or household11 独生子女 the only child in a family12 单亲 single parent13 福利彩票 welfare lotteries14 家政服务 household management service15 民工 migrant laborers16 名人 celebrity17 农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor18 社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development19 有充分的理由支持 be supposed by sound reasons20 开阔眼界 widen one’s horizon/broaden one’s vision21 青春期 puberty22 全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign23 爱国卫生运动 patriotic sanitation campaign24 全国人口普查 nationwide census25 社会保险 social insurance26 暂住证 temporary residence permit/card27 青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency28 性骚扰 sexual harassment29 走私 smuggling30 性别歧视 gender/sexual discrimination31 年龄歧视 age discrimination32 工作歧视 job discrimination33 享乐主义 hedonism34 文盲 illteracy35 伪科学 pseudo science36 诚信缺失 lack of credibility37 贫富分化 disparity between the rich and the poor38 盗版 pirated/illegal copies39 公务员 civil servants40 公务员制度 system of public servants41 居委会 neighborhood committee42 计划生育 family planning43 人口老龄化 aging of population44 人口出生率 birth rate45 农村信用社 rural credit cooperatives46 日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasing fierce social competition47 反省侵略历史 reproach itself for its past aggression48 生计问题 bread-and-butter issue49 灾后重建 post-disaster reconstruction50 养老保险 pension insurance system51 适度微调 an appropriate amount of finetuning52 扩大自主权 enlarge the right of self-management53 从另一个角度 from another perspective54 有争议性的问题 a controversial issue55 收入分配调节 regulation of income distribution56 资源节约型社会 a conservation-minded society57 配套措施 supporting measures58 推进城镇化 carry out the process of urbanization59 社区服务 community service60 道德法庭 court of ethics61 盗用公款 embezzlement62 高知识群体 prominent intellectual63 弱势群体 disadvantaged groups64 成人夜校 night school for adults65 在职进修班 on-job training course66 政治思想教育 political and ideological education67 毕业生分配 graduate placement68 广纳群贤 gather large numbers of talented people69 人才合理流动 rational flow of trained people70 充电 update one’s knowledge71 民办教育 non-government funded education72 素质教育 competence-oriented education73 自主知识产权 proprietary intellectual property rights74 优化教育结构 optimize the education structure75 初等教育 elementary education76 大学城 college town77 大学社区 college community78 高等教育 higher education79 高等学府 institution of higher education80 综合性大学 comprehensive university81 文科院校 college of liberal82 理工科大学 college of science and engineering83 师范学校 teacher’s college84 高分低能 high scores and low abilities85 高考 college entrance examination86 高校扩招 the college expansion plan87 教育界 education circle88 教育投入 input in education89 教育创新 innovation in education90 九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education91 考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools92 课外活动 extracurricular activities93 必修课 required course94 选修课 elective course95 基础课 basic course96 专业课 special course97 教学大纲 teaching program，syllabus98 学习年限 period of schooling99 学历 record of formal schooling100 启发式教学 heuristic teaching101 人才交流 talent exchange102 人才战 competition for talented people 103 商务英语证书 Business English Certificate104 素质教育 quality-oriented education105 填鸭式教学 cramming method of teaching106 走读生 non-resident student107 住宿生 boarder108 研究生 graduate student109 应届毕业生 graduating student110 校园数字化 campus digitalization111 校园文化 campus culture112 学汉语热 enthusiasm in Learning Chinese113 学历教育 education with record of formal schooling114 学前教育 preschool education115 学生减负 alleviate the burden onstudents 116 应试教育 exam-oriented education117 职业道德 work ethics118 记者招待会 press conference119 国家教委 State Education Commission120 国家统计局 State Statistic Bureau121 职业培训 job training122 职业文盲 functional illiterate123 智力引进 recruit/introduce foreign talents 124 助学行动 activity to assist the improverished students125 网络世界 cyber world126 网络文化 cyber culture127 网络犯罪 cyber crime128 网上购物 online shopping129 高产质优 high yield and high quality130 高科技园 high-tech park131 工业园区 industrial park132 火炬计划 Torch Program133 信息港 info port134 信息革命 information revolution135 电子货币 e-currency136 人工智能 artificial intelligence137 生物技术 bio-technology138 转基因食品 genetically modified food139 试管婴儿 test-tube baby140 基因突变 genetic mutation141 网络出版 e-publishing142 三维电影 three-dimensional movie143 光谷 optical valley144 虚拟银行 virtual bank145 信息高速公路 informationization146 新兴学科 new branch of science，emerging discipline147 个人数字助理 personnal digital assistant148 生态农业 environment-friendly agriculture 149 技术密集型产品 technology-intensive product150 数码科技 digital technology151 同步卫星 geostationary satellite152 登月舱 lunar module153 多任务小卫星 small multi-mission satellite154 多媒体短信服务 Multimedia Messaging Service155 电子管理 e-management156 办公自动化 Office Automation157 信息高地 information highland158 信息检索 information retrieval159 电话会议 teleconference160 无土栽培 soilless cultivation161 超级杂交水稻 super-hybrid rice162 科技发展 scientific and technological advancement163 重点项目 key project164 国家重点工程 national key project165 南水北调 South-to-North water diversion 166 西电东送 West-to-East electricity transmission project167 西气东输 West-to-East natural gas transmission project168 网络造谣 fabricating online rumors169 停止服务 shutdown service170 道路封闭 road closure171 人为操作差错 man-made operational mistakes 172 生态系统 ecosystem173 森林生态系统 forest ecosystem174 海洋生态系统 marine ecosystem175 垄断价格 to monopolize the price176 垄断市场 to monopolize the market177 限购私用汽车 to curb the purchase of vehicles forprivate use178 汽车限购 vehicle purchase restrictions 179 汽车购买配额 vehicle purchase quotas180 车牌摇号 a lottery for license plates181 黑名单制度 a blacklist system182 执业医师 practicing physician，licensed doctors183 防伪技术 anti-forgery technology184 非法交易 illegal transaction185 冒名顶替 identification fraud186 洗钱 money laundering187 挂失 to report the loss188 补办 to re-apply，post-register189 户籍 household registration190 居住证 residence permit191 山洪暴发 flash floods192 低洼地区 water level193 淹没农田 to inundate crops194 大桥坍塌 bridge collapse195 最严重受灾地区 worst-hit，worst-stricken area 196 直接经济损失 direct economic lost197 应急系统 emergency response system198 扣分处罚 point penalty199 酒驾 drunk driving200 终身禁驾 lifetime ban from driving。