2019-2020学年山东省某校高三（上）开学英语试卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节）第一节（每小题2.5分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．1. Joseph Francis Charles Rock （1884﹣1962）was an Austrian﹣Americanexplorer, botanist, and anthropologist（人类学家）． For more than 25 years, he travelled extensively through Tibet and Yunnan, Gansu, and Sichuan provinces in China before finally leaving in 1949．In 1924, Harvard sent Joseph Francis Rock on a treasure hunt through China's southwestern provinces﹣the Wild West of their day． But gold and silver weren't histask : Rock, a distinguished botanist, sought only to fill his bags with all theseeds, saplings, and shrubs he could find． During his three﹣year expedition, he collected 20, 000 specimens for the Arnold Arboretum（阿诺德植物园）．Botany, though, was just one of Rock's strengths． As an ethnologist（民族学者）, he took hundreds of photographs of the Naxi, a tribe in Yunnan province, recording their now﹣lost way of life for both Harvard and National Geographic, and took notes for an eventual＝500﹣page dictionary of their language． His hand﹣drawn map of his travels through China's "Cho﹣Ni" territory, in the Harvard Map Collection, includes more than a thousand rivers, towns, and mountains indicated in both English and Chinese, and was so well made that the U．S． government used it to plan aerial missions in World War II．Scientist, linguist, cartographer, photographer, writer﹣Rock was not a wallflower in any sense． Arrogant and self﹣possessed, he would walk into a village or warlord's place "as if he owned the place, " said Lisa Pearson, the Arboretum's head librarian．In declaring his successful return under the headline "Seeking Strange Flowers, in the Far Reaches of the World" , the Boston Evening Transcript ran a large photo of the daring explorer wearing in a woolly coat and fox﹣skin hat． "In discussing his heroism including hair﹣raising escapes from death either from mountain slides, snow slides and robber armies, he waves the idea away as if it is of no importance．"The Arboretum and Rock parted ways after 1927, mainly because his trip cost Harvard a fortune﹣about ﹩900, 000 in today's dollars． Fortunately, many of his specimens, many of his amazing photos, and his great stories remain．（1）What is the passage mainly about？________A Rock's service for the U．S government．B Rock's cooperation withHarvard． C Rock's work as a botanist． D Rock's exploration in Southwest China．．（2）What contribution did Rock make to the USA besides collecting new plants and specimens？________A He traveled through some uncivilized places in China．B His hand﹣drawn map was used in WWII．C He showed heroism by escaping difficulties．D He made headlines in Boston Evening News．．（3）How did Rock respond when people mentioned his heroic deeds？________A Excitedly．B Proudly．C CalmlyD Nervously．．（4）What caused Rock to stop work for The Arboretum？________A The vast expense．B The dangerous journey．C The challengingtasks． D The unknown world．2. You've heard of the fat suit and the pregnancy suit; now meet AGNES﹣the old person suit．AGNES stands for "Age Gain Now Empathy（换位体验）System" and was designed by researchers at MI T's AgeLab to let you know what it feels like﹣physically﹣to be 75 years old． "The business of old age demands new tools, " said Joseph Coughlin, director of the AgeLab． "While focus groups and observations and surveys can help you understand what the older consumer needs and wants, young marketers never get that ‘A h ha!' moment of having difficulty opening a jar, or getting in and out of a car． That's what AGNES provides． "Coughlin and his team carefully adjusted the suit to make the wearer just as uncomfortable as an old person who has spent a lifetime eating poorly and not doing muchexercise． Special shoes provide a feeling of imbalance, while braces on the knees and elbows limit joint mobility． Gloves give the feeling of decreased strength and mobility in the hands and wrists, and earplugs make it difficult to hear high﹣pitched sounds and soft tones． A helmet with straps（带）attached to it presses the spine（脊柱）．AGNES has been used most recently by a group of students working on a design of________． By wearing the suit they could see for themselves what design and materials would make the most sense for a physically limited older person． Coughlin said the suit has also been used by clothing companies, car companies and retail goods companies to help them understand the limitations of an older consumer． An unexpected benefit they've found with AGNES is that it has become a powerful tool to get younger people to invest in their long ﹣term health．（1）AGNES has been developed mainly to________．A make the users more comfortableB let people understand the old betterC help old people move more quicklyD remind the young to take care of their health．（2）According to the article， young marketers never________．A feel the same way as old people doB see the efforts old people make to put on clothesC ask what old people need and wantD say "Ah ha!" when they meet with difficulty．（3）The third paragraph mainly talks about________．A how researchers feel wearing AGNESB how AGNES has been developedC how people act when they are oldD how AGNES works．（4）The underlined phrase "an updated walker" in the last paragraph most likely refersto________．A someone who travels a lotB a physically limited old personC some equipment that helps old people walkD a company providing service to the old．3. What exactly is intelligence? There aren't any easy answers． Despite the progress that has been made in genetics and psychology, human intelligence has remained one of the most controversial areas of modern science, until now, that is, for the discovery of a gene（基因）linked to intelligence has made the experts think again．Robert Plomin of the Institute of Psychiatry in London and his colleagues in the US have been looking into genetic make﹣up． From their research, they have discovered that a slightly different gene is more common in those with a high IQ． Plomin analyzed DNA from two groups of 51 children aged between 6 and 15． What he found was that the first group had an IQ of 136, putting them in the top 5% of the population, while the other group hadan average IQ of 103． An analysis of their genes showed that 32% of children in the higher group had the gene in question, while only 16% in the second group did． However, there is a lot more research to be done, and Plomin himself is cautious at this early stage． He suggests that there are probably many genes that contribute to intelligence, rather than just one．Several studies have shown a strong link between IQ and career success, although some psychologists remain unconvinced about this． Professor Michael Rowe, who has written a book called Genius Explained, is one of these． "The people with the highest IQs are not usually the ones who do best in their careers．"Many psychologists now believe that when it comes to intelligence, IQ isn't everything． Many alternative views have been put forward recently． One example is the idea of multiple intelligences, which was developed in the 1980s by Harvard psychologist Howard Gardner．________ offers a much broader view than the IQ theory, including creativity and communication skills as relevant factors（因素） in intelligence．Tony Buzan, brain expert and author of Master your Memory, is enthusiastic about this belief, arguing that true geniuses（天才） do indeed appear to combine high levels of each type of intelligence． He lists Alexander the Great, Pablo Picasso and Albert Einstein as examples． At the same time, Buzan believes that everyone can develop their intelligence, only if they take the trouble to exercise their brain． Perhaps there's hope forus all!（1）What is the topic of the passage？________A The relationship between genes and intelligence．B IQ benefits a lot from high intelligence．C How to develop intelligence．D What makes intelligence．．（2）Why does the author use data in Paragraph 2？________A To make a suggestion．B To draw a conclusion．C To prove an idea．D To give an example．．（3）What can we learn from the passage？________A Robert Plomin confirms genes have something in common．B Howard Gardner thinks intelligence includes various factors．C Michael Rowe approves of a strong link between IQ and career．D Tony Buzan agrees geniuses exercise brain to improve intelligence．．（4）What does the underlined word "This" in Paragraph 4 refer to？________A The development of intelligence．B The idea of multiple intelligences．C IQisn't everything for intelligence． D Alternative views have been put forward．4. According to a report by the United Nations, 54 percent of the world's population lives in urban areas and it predicts that by 2050, this figure will have increased to around 70 percent．But as more and more people migrate from the countryside to the city to get better opportunities, they can end up with nowhere to live．This is true in places such as Rio de Janeiro, where migrants can't rent or buy a home, and they end up building their own communities and houses on unoccupied land．These are called shanty towns﹣poor communities where the houses are built out of cheap materials﹣and often don't have any electricity or water supply．These are, of course, not the megacities（大城市）of the future we want to see．Some serious urban planning is needed to make our cities of the future good, safe and modern places to live in．This involves improving the infrastructure（基础设施）, the housing conditions and also the opportunities for education and employment．Something urban planners are looking at now is the creation of "smart cities"．Accordingto John Rossant, founder and chairman of the non﹣profit organization New Cities Foundation , technology is the way forward．He thinks that it's generally accepted that"cloud computing, ubiquitous internet, robust 5G networks, etc, will transform our cities．" He says technology is really "a game changer" in urbanisation．It would collect large amounts of data about how a city is performing and may improve how a city functions． This may sound like a utopian（乌托邦似的）view．For now, some big cities around the world are trying out more low﹣tech schemes to try and make them desirable places to live and work in．Building shared﹣ownership housing and improving public transport are some ways． And encouraging cycling and building bike lanes can keep the population healthy and cut down on smog．What would make your city a better place to live in?（1）What's the text mainly about？________A The city of the future．B The increase of the population．C Urban construction．D The function of smart cities．．（2）Why does the author mention Rio de Janeiro in Paragraph 2？________A To show the growth of the world population．B To show the problems in urbanization．C To show poor living conditions of the city．D To show financial trouble of the city．．（3）What plays an important role in the creation of smart cities？________A Technology．B Urban planning．C The infrastructure of thecity． D Opportunities for education．．（4）What can we know from the last paragraph？________A High﹣tech plans can be easily realized．B Public transport is well developed in cities．C Shared﹣ownership houses make no sense．D Ways of low﹣tech are available at present．第二节（满分10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．5.Do you have the experience of digging out your suitcase, deciding what to bring and being afraid that you've forgotten something? (1) _______. Hope they can transform the way you pack.Keep a Basket HandyDo you wait until the last minute to pack? Keep a basket in your bedroom, living room, or bath room that you can use to throw in items you'll need to pack as you come across them. (2) _______. Besides, you can just put the contents of the basket into your suitcase if you are in a hurry to leave for the airport.Buy Wrinkle-free Clothing You won't need to worry about carefully packing your items of clothing if they're made from wrinkle-free materials. (3) _______. You'll still look fresh and bright when you are in them at your destination.Keep Old Packing ListsChances are that you end up taking trips that require you to pack similar items. Keep old packing lists from former vacations to the beach, ski resort, and city-that way, you'll always have a list of at least the basics. (4) _______. So you don't need to waste your effort to remember where you left your hand-written packing lists.Schedule a Packing TimeTime can slip away from you before a trip-you may be caught up at work, at home, or be occupied with other responsibilities of daily life. (5) _______. That way, you will not need to do your packing frantically (狂乱地) from the last minute to 1 o'clock on the day you leave．A. This makes you less likely to forget the stuff.B. The best way to do this is to save them on your computer.C. Buy necessary stuff when you arrive.D. Determine a night well in advance of departure to pack.E. That's why I've distilled (提炼) the art of packing down to some essential tips.F. Just ball them up or put them at the bottom of the suitcase.G. Rolling your clothes is the best way to save space for the suitcase．第三部分英语知识运用（共两节）第一节完形填空（每小题15分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从42-60各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和 D）中，选出最佳选项．6. It was pouring outside． We all stood there just inside the door of the Walmart． We waited, some patiently, others （1）_______because nature messed up their well﹣planned day． I got lost in the sound and sight of the heavens washing away the dirt and dust of the world． Memories of running, splashing （溅起水花） happily as a （2）_______came pouring in． They were a welcome （3）_______from the worries of my day． Then she came． She was about 6 years old, and my attention was drawn to this beautiful brown haired, freckled﹣faced image of （4）_______． Just then, the trance （恍惚） we were allcaught in was broken by her sweet voice． "Mom, let's run through the rain!""No, honey． We'll wait until it slows down a bit（5）_______, we'll get all wet．" Mom replied．"No, we won't, Mom． That's not what you said this morning, " the young girl said as she pulled at her Mom's arm．"This morning? （6）_______did I say we could run through the rain and not get wet? ""Don't you remember? When you were talking to Daddy about his cancer, you said, ‘If God can get us through this, there's （7）_______ he cannot get us through．"The entire crowd stopped dead （8）_______． I swear you couldn't hear anything but the rain． Mom （9）_______and thought for a moment about what she would say．Now most people would just laugh it off and （10）_______ what the girl said． But this was a moment of affirmation in a young child's life, time when innocent trust must be protected so that it will bloom into （11）_______． "Honey, you are absolutely （12）_______． Let's run through the rain． If we get wet, well maybe we （13）_______need washing, " Mom said． Then off they ran．We all stood watching, smiling and laughing as they rushed past the cars． They held their shopping bags （14）_______ their heads just in case． They got wet all over （15）_______they were followed by a few who screamed and laughed like children all the way to their cars．（1）A frightenedB annoyedC interestedD delighted（2）A runnerB parentC childD customer（3）A inspirationB benefitC reliefD suffering（4）A thoughtfulnessB intelligenceC naughtinessD innocence（5）A ThereforeB OtherwiseC Furt hermoreD Instead（6）A WhetherB WhereC HowD When（7）A anythingB nothingC somethingD everything（8）A calmB tiredC silentD lucky（9）A waitedB criedC leftD paused（10）A rememberB praiseC withdrawD ignore（11）A faithB dignityC loveD enthusiasm（12）A crazyB subject iveC rightD creative（13）A stillB justC evenD also（14）A byB atC acrossD over（15）A butB ifC becauseD though第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式．7. A CCTV journalist succeeded in arousing a heated discussion among netizens by asking people whether they were happy． The responses to the question were various， even some quite funny ones （1）________（include）． Although people played jokes （2）________ the answers， it did not take long （3）________ they began to figure out the true meanings of happiness．It is certain that people's views on happiness （4）________（affect） greatly by their own life experience． Unfortunately， too many people refer to being rich as happiness and there is no sign of （5）________ decrease in the number of those who are voluntarily at the mercy of wealth． Some people whose （6）________（intend） is to make big money appreciate （7）________（be） given any chance to multiply their income， believing that is （8）________ their happiness lies． Some are eager to inherit their parents' property， especially those who are known as silver﹣spoon kids． Even worse， some would rather break the law to satisfy their financial desire or seek their fortune （9）________（legally）．In my opinion， happiness is not about pursuing wealth merely but about admiring the beautiful things in life． Therefore， live your life （10）________ the fullest and be happy．第四部分写作（共两节）第一节读后续写（满分25分）8. The event that stands out in ________'s memory happened one morning when Tom was only ten years old．He was at home with his elder sister ________．Tom was doing his homeworkwhen he heard raised voices．At first he thought nothing of it since customers in the motorcycle shop directly below their ________ often became loud，but he soon realized this time it was different．"Quick!________!Remove the motorcycles from the shop．"someone yelled．Then a thick burning smell filled the air．When Tom opened the front door of their flat to investigate，a thick cloud of ________ greeted him．The motorcycle shop had caught fire and people were running and crying．Jane，who had been playing the violin in her room，hurried to the living room．They________ out of ________ and along the corridor（走廊） through the smoke．They were heading towards the stairway at the far end of the corridor when Jane stopped in her track．She turned around and headed back the way they came．Tom had no idea what she was doing，but he followed her．Jane had suddenly remembered the lady in her 70s who lived next door to them，who they called ________，Malay for auntie．Jane began ________ on Makcik's door，but got no answer．As the smoke thickened around them，Tom could see many of their neighbors﹣some still in their pyjamas（睡衣；宽长裤）﹣running for safety．The thought of ________ crossed his mind．"She might have run for safety like everyone else!"Tom cried．However，Jane refused to give up．"I know Makcik's still inside．"She said she was familiar with Makcik's daily routine and was certain she would still be sleeping．She ________ the door．"Go ________．Go now!Go!"注意：1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2．应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语．Paragraph1：Tom noticed the flame was reaching up．________Paragraph 2：Luckily，some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help．________．第二节书面表达（满分15分）9. 假定你是中学生李华．美国一个中学校长代表团即将访问你校并出席英语周的一项活动．请根据写作要点和写作要求写一篇欢迎词．写作要点：1．表示对客人的欢迎；2．介绍此项活动（如活动目的、内容等）；3．表达对客人的祝愿．写作要求：1．词数不少于100；2．称呼已经给出，请写欢迎词正文，适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．不能使用真实姓名和学校名称．Dear American guests，2019-2020学年山东省某校高三（上）开学英语试卷答案1. DBCA2. BADC3. DCBB4. ABAD5. E,A,F,B,D6. BCCDBDBCDDACBDA7. included,on,before,are affected,a,intention,being,where,illegally,to8. Tom,Jane,flat,Quick,smoke,rushed,thedoor,Makcik,banging,fear,pounded,downstairs,Frozenwithfear，hestoodrootedtothespotHecomprehendedthegravityofthesituationandheldJane'shandtightly Bythen，bothofthemwerecoughingandtheireyeswerestingingTimeseemedtostandstill，thoughtheywereprobablythereforonlytwoorthreeminutesTombeggedJanetorunforsafetyasqu icklyaspossibleJanetriedtoshieldhernosefromthechokingsmokeandshookherheadShekeptpo undingagainstthedoorTomburstoutcrying,Asenseofstrengthimmediatelyreplacedthemountin gfearandanxietyinJane'smindShetoldthemMsMakcikmustbestillintheroomTheyforcedthedoo ropenwithalltheirmightSureenough，Makcikwaslyinginbed，unconsciousShewascarrieddownstairsandthenrushedtothehospital，whereshefinallycametoherselfPeopleintheneighborhoodfeltrelievedandJaneandTom'sjoywas immense9. Dear American guests，On behalf of our school， I would like to express our warm welcome to you．【高分句型一】We are lucky to have you here in the middle of our English Week activities．（表示对客人的欢迎）As scheduled， we have English Talent Show today． The purpose of this program is to develop our interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and speaking． The program consists of the following activities： recitation， singing， word spelling， storytelling and so on．【高分句型二】 The Show will begin at two o'clock this afternoon at the Student Centre．（介绍此项活动）Dear guests， you are welcome to take part in some activities． I hope we students will benefit from your presence．（再次表示欢迎）I sincerely wish you a pleasant time with us． Thank you．（表达对客人的祝愿）。
