上海市复兴高级中学2018学年第一学期期中考试高一年级英语试卷第I卷I. Listening ComprehensionII. Grammar and VocabularySection AWe’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people __21__ are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.What’s the problem? It’s possible __22__ we all have compromised(受损的) conversational intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation __23__ it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an important social practice that results __24__ big benefits.Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. “Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,” he __25__ (remark). “The key to successful small talk is learning how __26__ (connect) with others, not just communicate with them.”In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group __27__ (ask) to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter, the other, to speak only __28__ necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. “It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband.” says Dunn. “But interactions with peripheral (边缘的)members of our social network matter for our well-being also.”Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel __29__ significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes __30__ (develop) such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. “Small talk is the basis of good manners,” he says.Section BTwo years ago, when Jordie Rowland came into the barbershop the first time, it was a “disaster”, __31__ Lisa Ann McKenzie recalls. The little boy struggled with his parents to run outside the moment he got in the shop. McKenzie ended up walking around the barbershop with Jordie that day, even __32__ on the floor with him. She finally got in a few quick cuts, but stopped when she saw that Jordie was very upset.The 10-year-old has autism(自闭症). Even a simple haircut can be painful and __33__ for some autistic children, Jordie was no different.McKenzie felt that she’d failed, but it also made her want to do better, “I wanted to learn more about autism so I could __34__ with him and take away his fear,” says the barber.After the first unsuccessful haircut, McKenzie suggested to Jordie’s parents that they bring him back every two weeks at __35__ time. She would cut just a little bit each time, often at no __36__, and the boy would run around the shop as always. That went on for a few months. McKenzie even went to Jordie’s house to give it a try. No luck.One day, the __37__ of the barbershop got mad at McKenzie for allowing a customer to come in after business hours. Frustrated, she left that job. Soon after, she opened her own shop.Every two weeks, Jordie would come by McKenzie’s shop after it was closed. This __38__ about eight months.Then, a few weeks later, they had a breakthrough, McKenzie sang “The Wheels on the Bus” to Jordie. To her surprise, the boy looked at her as if mesmerized(着迷的). Then McKenzie gave him a full haircut for the first time. The moment McKenzie finished her job, she and Jordie’s parents all realized their painfully slow, two-year __39__ had paid off.By the time Jordie’s haircut was a success, he was far from her only autistic customer. Word had gotten around town that McKenzie was pretty good with special needs kids. She started cutting the hair of many other “special kids.” She also plans to hold a monthly Sunday set aside only for these beautiful, __40__ children.III. Reading ComprehensionSection AHundreds of years ago, Charles Darwin predicted that facial expressions of emotion are universal. If you’ve ever seen an episode of the popular US TV drama Lie To Me, you will really __41__ facial expressions. The leading actor of the show, Dr. Cal Lightman has spent 20 years studying nonverbal __42__ and facial expressions, which allows him to point out other people’s deceptions(骗术) and on many occasions, to be skilled at deceiving in order to get the truth.Is there really much truth behind this science of __43__ human emotions through involuntary(无意识的) expressions? Paul Ekman, a renowned psychologist whose work focuses on mapping facial expressions, is Lie To Me’s scientific adviser and keeps a blog, where he explains the science behind each episode of the series. The following are some __44__ from his blog.Hand-to-face __45__ indicates a lie. (X)Each micro-expression is unique to __46__ specific emotions because they are involuntary and the person is often __47__ of doing it. But it doesn’t __48__ mean that is lying when someone uses a hand to hide part of his face. The person could be __49__ information but you may better consider looking at other more important clues __50__ the simple hand-to-face gesture.A liar refuses eve contact. (X)People look away when they are thinking carefully and considering each word before it is spoken, not just when they are __51__ a story or excuse. Oblique(倾斜的) eyebrows are a very __52__ sign of sadness. __53__ people can make this movement voluntarily, so it is actually never faked.Guilty knowledge technique is effective. (√)Policemen often use the guilty knowledge technique, mentioning something that only the guilty person will know about and show a(n) __54__. This is often used in polygraph(测谎) exams: “Was the person strangled, shot or stabbed to death?” Only the killer knows and is likely to show a physiologist __55__ when the actual weapon is mentioned.41. A. realize B. recognize C. understand D. remind42. A. appearances B. postures C. communication D. gestures43. A. speaking B. recognizing C. indicating D. noticing44. A. explanations B. concentration C. impression D. expressions45. A. move B. action C. performance D. gesture46. A. signaling B. sighing C. signing D. maintaining47. A. clear B. conscious C. sure D. unaware48. A. regularly B. necessarily C. meaningfully D. probably49. A. holding on B. holding up C. holding back D. holding with50. A. better than B. less than C. more than D. rather than51. A. making out B. working out C. checking up D. making up52. A. preferable B. inevitable C. reliable D. suitable53. A. Quite a few B. Very few C. A few D. Only few54. A. reaction B. hesitation C. impression D. application55. A. stare B. remark C. response D. reminderSection B(A)Myth: If you cut your hair, it will grow long faster.Truth: That’s not true. “Your hair isn’t like a lawn or a rosebush, where cutting can stimulate fresh growth,” says Phillip Kingsley. The length of your hair is genetically determined. When it reaches a certain length, it stops growing. When you clear up the dead split ends. This make your hair look healthier, but not necessarily longer.Myth: If you skip meals, you lose weight fast.Truth: There’s no truth in this advice. Not only will you not lose weight by starving yourself, but according to Carol Ann Rinzler, this may actually cause you to gain weight. Rinzler reasons that missing a meal causes your metabolism(新陈代谢) to slow down so that you burn food more slowly. This only makes you feel hungrier and by the time you finally do reach the table you will probably eat more food. Strange as it may seem, studies show that eating several small meals and snacks throughout the day is a more healthy way to lose pounds.Myth: If you swallow gum，it will stay inside your stomach for seven years.Truth: Actually, it takes just a few days for gum to make its exit---not seven years, says Nei Izenberg, M. D., editor of Kids Health organization. But because gum is made of the same thing as rubber, it cannot be fully digested in your stomach--- so if you gum up the works on a regular basis, you might find yourself in a sticky situation.Myth: The best way to stop a nosebleed is to lift your head back.Truth: Now that’s bad advice. Bloody noses are caused by broken blood vessels, so while lifting your head back might stop the fluid from rushing out of your nose, it won’t stop the bleeding; you’ll just end up swallowing lots of blood. Your best bet “Rest quietly. Don’t poke or pick, and the blood will naturally clot (凝结) within a minute or two,” suggests Dr. Izenberg.56.The length of your hair is determined by ________.A. cutting it oftenB. your geneC. the food you eatD. clearing up the dead split ends57.According to Carol Ann Rinzler, skipping meals will _________.A. help you lose weight fast.B. help you lose weight slowlyC. cause you to become fatterD. make you burn food more quickly58.What does the phrase “best bet” mean?A. A large sum of money.B. An impossible action.C. High expectation.D. A wise solution.59.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. Gum cannot be fully digested in the stomach.B. Gum can stay inside your stomach for seven years if you swallow it.C. Gum can leave your stomach after you swallow it a few days later.D. If you often swallow gum, you might find yourself in a sticky situation.(B)The Wind and the Leaves“Come, little leaves,” said the wind one day,“Come over the meadows with me and play.Put on your dress of red and gold;For summer is gone, and the days grow cold.”Soon as the leaves heard the wind’s loud call,Down they came fluttering, one and all,O’er the brown field then they danced and flewSinging the soft little songs they knew.Dancing and whirling, the little leaves went,Winter had called them, and they were content.Soon, fast asleep on their earthy beds,The snow laid a coverlet over their heads.--George Cooper60.What does the poet mean by “Singing the soft little songs they knew”?A. They echoed the call of the wind.B. They celebrated the arrival of fall.C. They were being blown about everywhere.D. They were making a rustling sound as they dropped from the trees in the wind.61.What kind of literary device(文学修辞) does the poet use?A. Metaphor 暗喻B. Alliteration 押头韵C. Personification 拟人D. Simile 明喻62.What’s the mood of the poem?A. Joyful.B. Realistic.C. Sorrowful.D. Sad.(C)We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment- and our wallets - as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life - from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout(读数) for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002，before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn’t throw out our old ones. “The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids’ room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house,” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We’re not just keeping these old devices - We continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption(消耗) and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what’s the solution? The team’ s data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tabletfor word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.63.What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.64.Why did Babbitt’s team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.65.Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV.B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV.D. The desktop computer.66.What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them.B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.Section CDirections：Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. And adults usually have different motivators（动力）.B. This means that they reflect on the language they learn.C. And 40% stated they could not reach their international potential（潜力）because of language barriers.D. And 66% of Europeans know at least one other language, compared to just 20% of Americans.E. For example, the AAAS notes that learning a second language improves cognitive ability, and assists inlearning other subjects.F. As a result, the vast majority（89%）of American adults who know a foreign language say they learned it intheir childhood home.While the U.S. is home to over 350 different languages, according to a report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences（AAAS），most Americans are monolingual. And this limitation can negatively impact individuals,U.S. companies, and even the country as a whole.Other findings: up to 30% of U.S. companies have stated that they’ve missed business opportunities in foreign countries because they didn’t have in-house staff who spoke the dominant languages of those countries. ___67___ However, one of the most striking and alarming examples of the importance of learning a foreign language happened at the appearance of the 2004 avian flu epidemic. According to the AAAS, scientists in the U.S. and other English-speaking countries did not originally understand the magnitude（重要性）of avian flu because they could not read the original research—which was written by Chinese researchers.In fact, the report notes that just 200,000 U.S. students are studying Chinese, compared to 300 to 400 million Chinese students who are studying English. ___68___Many European countries have national requirements that students must learn at least one foreign language by the age of 9, according to data from the Pew Research Center. In the U.S., school districts are typically allowed to set their own policies, ___69___But children and adults learn foreign languages differently. Rosemary G. Feal, executive director of the Modern Language Association, tells ThoughtCo,“Children generally learn languages through games, songs, and repetition, and in an immersive environment, they often produce speech spontaneously（自发地）.”However, Feal explains that with adults, studying the formal structures of the language is usually helpful. They also learn in a more conscious way. Adults have strong metalinguistic awareness, which children don’t have. ___70___“For example‘Is this the best word to express what I want to say’”or‘Did I use the correct grammar structure?’”Feal explains.第Ⅱ卷Ⅰ. Grammar and VocabularyA. Read the story and write the missing words. Use one word in each space. The first one has been done for you.One day a man was walking past a house in Bournemouth when he I heard a woman’s voice shouting for help. The man thought someone ___71___ probably trying to murder her. He ran to a phone box and ___72___ the police. The police came quite quickly, but by now the shouting had ___73___. However, the man was quite sure that he ___74___ heard cries for help. When the police ___75___ on the door, there was no answer. So they broke down the door and went in. Inside the house was a woman who had ___76___ come out of the shower. She explained to the police that she had ___77___ singing along to the Beatles song“Help”.B. Complete each item below by writing one word from the box on the answer lines at the left. Use each word once.A. ignoresB. availableC. occasionsD. confidentE. defeatedF. insultingG. resolved H. cautious I. guarantee J. involves K. sensitive78. On those _______ when my children don’t have school, I need to find a baby sitter for them.79. Sandra is a ________ boss. She always knows when a worker is upset, even if the worker acts as if nothing iswrong.80. When parent say ________ things to their children, such as“You’re stupid,”the youngsters often begin tothink poorly of themselves.81. Most people in my office are bothered by the sounds of heavy traffic outside. But Rhonda _________ the noiseand gets her job done.82. Carrie did not call a plumber when the pipes in her basement froze. She was ________ she could fix the problemherself83. You can buy frozen strawberries anytime, but fresh ones are ________ for only a few months.84. Even though it will be hard, Karen has ________to put some money from each of her paychecks into a savingaccount.85. When you buy a CD from that store, you get a ________ that the CD will be replaced if anything ever goeswrong with it.86. Since I didn’t see the end of the movie, I do not know if the humans ________ the aliens, or if the aliens tookover the Earth.87. I teach my children to be ________ about petting strange dogs, even if the dogs seem friendly.Ⅱ.（美国小故事）Choose the best answer according to what you’ve learned.88. Native Americans do not consider Columbus a hero because they think ______.A. Columbus didn’t discover AmericaB. Columbus wasn’t the only explorer to reach AmericaC. Columbus received much riches from AmericaD. Columbus brought diseases to America89. Which of the following presidents’ face is NOT carved on Mount Rushmore?A. RooseveltB. JeffersonC. LincolnD. Wilson90. Which of the following statements about the White House is INCORRECT?A. It is located in Washington, D.C.B. It was rebuilt after the British had set fire to it.C. George Washington and his wife were the first family to live in it.D. Some rooms in it were given the names of color or president.91. Which of the following statement about James Earl Carter, the 39th president of the United States, isINCORRECT?A. He was raised in a well-off family and received an elite education.B. He brought out a peace treaty between Egypt and Israel.C. He engaged in voluntary work for a nonprofit group after leaving office.D. He helped the government bring about a peaceful agreement to remove the military leaders of the Caribbean.92. Charlie Brown has the following features EXCEPT:A. He was created by the famous cartoonist Charles Schulz.B. He is the leading character in the comic strip Peanuts.C. He is regarded as being a bit of every man.D. Faced with never-ending struggles in life, he sometimes lacks the courage to try again.93. Which of the following statement about Sputnik 1 is INCORRECT?A. It is the first man-made satellite, whose name refers to“traveler”in Russian.B. It marked the beginning of the space age, which signaled the race between America and Russia.C. One month after it was sent into orbit, America put the first living creatures into space.D. It contributed to the changes of Americans’ attitudes towards their education system.94. Which statement about the United Nations is INCORRECT?A. The United Nations began after World War Ⅱ.B. The headquarters of the United Nations is in Washington D.C.C. The purpose of the United Nations is to work for world peace.D. The United Nations Day is on October 24.95. Which statement about Pablo Picasso is TRUE?A. Picasso was both a great painter and a writer.B. Picasso’s life transferred from the Rose Period to Blue Period.C. Picasso developed a new style of painting, which was called Cubism.D. Picasso’s father was a preacher, who encouraged Picasso to be an artist.96. Which statement about Theodore Roosevelt is INCORRECT?A. Theodore Roosevelt was famous as the leader of the Rough Riders.B. Theodore Roosevelt was the youngest man to be selected President.C. When Theodore Roosevelt was in office, great inventions such as Henry Ford’s“Model T”and the WrightBrothers were developed.D. Theodore Roosevelt was the 26th President of the United States, and was popular with people.97. Which statement about Declaration of Independence is INCORRECT?A. Declaration of Independence was signed on July 4, 1776.B. Declaration of Independence was written by John Adams.C. Declaration of Independence aimed to fight for the right of 13 colonies to become an independent country.D. The signer and the writer of Declaration of Independence were once Presidents of the United States.Ⅲ. TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.98. 我总是提醒自己岁月不待人。
