华东理工大学网络学院-行政管理学(专)-阶段练习一

《大学英语（1）》阶段练习二及答案华东理工大学网络教育学院《大学英语（1）》阶段练习2（一级）（Unit 3-Unit 4）Part I Vocabulary and structureDirections: Choose the best one from the four choices to complete the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.1.We have been focusing on the research and development of new products to meet the ______changing demands of our customers.A. constantlyB. convenientlyC. closelyD. chiefly2.Feelings of depression can have a significant ______ on one’s work, health, and enjoyment oflife.A. insectB. impactC. importanceD. indeed3.The twin brothers are so alike that even their closets friends can hardly ______ betweenthem.A. extinguishB. treatC. markD. distinguish4.During the trip he proved himself to be an amusing ______, full of wit and humor.A. conditionB. commentC. complaintD. companion5.Animals cannot ______ for long without adequate water and food.A. intendB. tendC. surviveD. insist6.Clever criminals can find ways to break computer codes and ______ millions of dollars totheir accounts.A. differB. referC. transferD. offer7.In many situations, we have asked and answered some pretty ______ questions.A. toughB. touchC. troubleD. trust8.Everyone thought that it was odd for her to ______ the well-paid job – they did not know shefound a better one.A. quiteB. quitC. quiltD. quote9.Sometimes more money will not solve a problem, and in fact, it may ______ make theproblem worse.A. partlyB. deeplyC. actuallyD. recently10.I can ______ you that the medicine is very effective and can relieve your headache.A. sureB. ensureC. insureD. assure11.Sam wants to dine at this restaurant, so I’d better ______a table in advance.A. reserveB. conserveC. preserveD. deserve12.When people drive to work, they usually choose from a small number of ______ routes,depending on traffic conditions.A. privateB. singleC. favoriteD. total13.All of us, especially the youth, should learn how to ______time and use it efficiently.A. cherishB. adoptC. packD. withdraw14.To ______ the deadline, they have to work overtime for at least two weeks.A. meetB. getC. takeD. catch15.He could have finished the report on ______, but somehow he fell behind.A. planB. expectationC. scheduleD. date16.Jack doesn’t know how to use the washing machine. Can you ______ him ______?A. bring … backB. help … outC. get … overD. turn … down17.The doctor and the nurses tried hard to ______ the wild patient ______.A. br ing … upB. calm … downC. hold … onD. take … into18.How long do you think it will take a patient to ______ thepain after the operation?A. work outB. break offC. come downD. get over19.Never ______ until tomorrow what can be done today.A. call offB. put offC. take offD. break off20.Don’t be too hard ______ the students; they have tried their best.A. inB. withC. atD. on21. A foreigner is incapable ______ becoming president of the United States.A. toB. forC. ofD. in22.As a student, you should focus your attention ______ your study rather than how you dressyourself every day.A. toB. inC. atD. on23.Remember to send me a photo of us next time you ______to me.A. are writingB. will writeC. has writtenD. write24.--- Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.--- Thanks. You ______ it. I could manage it myself.A. needn’t doB. needn’t have doneC. mustn’t doD. shouldn’t have done25.The editor told the reporter to write a ______ report.A. two-thousand-wordsB. two-thousands-wordsC. two-thousand-wordD. two thousand words26.The secretary worked late into the night, ______ a long speech for the president.A. to prepareB. preparingC. prepareD. was preparing27.Without your help, I ______ in my English study.A. would not have succeededB. hadn’t succeededC. will not succeedD. won’t have succeeded28.The monitor made a proposal that the whole class ______ the matter.A. discussedB. would discussC. be discussedD. discuss29.Those ______ make the best use of their time are more likely to succeed.A. whichB. whatC. whomD. who30.The graduating students are busy ______ material for their reports.A. collectB. collectingC. collectedD. to collect31.It wasn’t until nearly a month later I received the manager’s reply.A. sinceB. whenC. thatD. as32.______ their service, the workers of the hotel are active in learning English.A. ImprovingB. To improveC. ImproveD. Having improved33.She thought I was praising her son, ______ as a matter of fact, I was scolding him for his badbehaviors at school.A. whileB. thereforeC. whichD. so that34.Not until he came back ______.A. I could fall asleepB. could I fall asleepC. I had fallen asleepD. had I fallen asleep35.From what is mentioned above we can draw a conclusion ______ theory must be combinedwith practice.A. whatB. whichC. howD. thatPart II Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Dolphins (海豚) are not fish, but warm-blooded animals. They live in groups, and speak to each other in their own language. In this they are like other animals, such as bees and birds. But dolphins are very different from almost all land animals. Their brain is nearly the same size as our own, and they live a long time --- at least twenty or thirty years.Like some animals, dolphins use sound to help them findtheir way around. They also make these sounds to talk to each other and to help them find food. We now know they do not use their ears to receive these sounds, but the lower part of the mouth, called the jaw.Strangely, dolphins seem to like man, and for thousands of years there have been stories about the dolphin and its friendship with people.There is a story about sailors in the 19th century. In a dangerous part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to look for a dolphin called Jack. From 1871 to 1903 Jack met every boat in the area and showed it the way. Then in 1903 a passenger on a boat called “The penguin” shot and wounded Jack. He recovered and for nine years more continued to guide all ships through the area --- except for “The Penguin”.Today, some people continue to kill dolphins, but many countries of the world now protect them and in these places it is against the law to kill them.36.Dolphins are different from many other animals in that they ______.A. live in groupsB. have large brainsC. are warm-bloodedD. have their own language37.Which of the following does the dolphin use to help it find its way around?A. Its nose.B. Its ears.C. Its mouth.D. Its eyes.38.Why did the sailors off the coast of New Zealand look forJack?A. He was lonely and liked to be with people.B. They enjoyed playing with him.C. He was seriously wounded.D. They wanted his help39.By telling the story of Jack the writer wanted to show that ______.A. dolphins are friendly and cleverB. people are cruel to animalsC. Jack is different from other dolphinsD. dolphins should be protected by law40.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. Dolphins have their own language.B. Dolphins use a part of their mouth to find their way around.C. In many countries one will break the law if he/she kills a dolphin.D. It took Jack nine years to recover after it was wounded by the shot in 1903.Passage 2Not everyone in the world requires the same amount of living space. The amount of space a person needs around him is a cultural difference, not an economic one. Knowing your own psychological space needs is important because they strongly affect your choices, including, for example, the number of bedrooms in the home. If you were brought up in a two-child family, and both you and your sister or brother had your own bedrooms, the chances are, if you have two children or more, that you also will offer separate bedrooms for them. In America, for example, they train people to want to have their own rooms bygiving them their own rooms when they are babies. This is very rare in the world. In many other countries, the baby sleeps in the same bed with his parents or in a bed near them.The space in the home also shows a lot about psychological space needs. Some families gather closer to each other and the size of their house has nothing to do with it. Others have separate little corners where family members go to be alone.Although it is true that psychological space needs are not decided by economic reasons, they sometimes have to be changed a little because of economic pressures. It is almost impossible, however, to completely change your psychological space needs.41.The passage is chiefly concerned with ______.A. American way of livingB. living conditions in different countriesC. space requirements in different culturesD. space requirements and economic factors42.According to the author, the amount of living space a person needs is decided by ______.A. his cultural backgroundB. the relationship between the family membersC. his financial situationsD. how many rooms there are in his house43.The example of American families seems to suggest that ______.A. Americans are more eager to be alone when they are at homeB. psychological space needs are developed when one is very youngC. it is advisable to let the baby sleep with his parentsD. it is advisable to let the baby sleep in a separate room44.Some families gather close to each other at home because ______.A. they have limited living spaceB. it satisfies their psychological space needsC. they have been brought up in a small familyD. they haven’t small corners for themselves45.According to the author, psychological space needs ______.A. will change as one’s incomes are reducedB. will change if you move to a smaller houseC. can be changed at willD. cannot be changed completelyPassage 3People and the sources of air pollution are found in the same places. This means that cities with large populations have the biggest problem of dirty air. Air pollution is caused by many different things. A major source of air pollution is the gas fumes (烟) from cars. Statistics show that 93 percent of all auto trips are within cities. Another major source of dirty air is the burning of coal and oil for energy. This energy is needed to make electricity. Of course, much more electricity is used in the city than in the country.On the average, we throw away more garbage than the year before. The burning of garbage contributes to air pollution. Many major industries are also responsible for the dirty air in the cities. The fumes from iron, steel, chemical, and petroleum production add pollution to the air.The effects of air pollution range from slight headaches to death. The levels of pollution found in heavy traffic may cause headaches for loss of clear vision. Wherever coal and oil are usedfor fuel, fumes may kill trees and plants and cause metal to corrode (腐蚀). In some of the larger cities, these fumes endanger the lives of human beings by contributing to lung diseases and causing early death.46.The key point of the passage is that ______.A. the cause of air pollution is peopleB. the causes and the effects of air pollution are both found in citiesC. the effects of air pollution range from headaches to deathD. air pollution is caused by dirty air47.What is the purpose of this passage?A. To persuade people to stop polluting the air.B. To tell the causes of air pollution.C. To tell why cities are bad places to live in.D. To describe how people living in cities feel about polluted air.48.Why is air pollution more serious in the city than in the country?A. Because there are larger population in cities.B. Because the air in the city is dirty.C. Because there are more cars in the city.D. Because there are much more gas fumes from cars and burning of coal and oil for energyin the city than in the country.49.The fumes from coal and oil may cause metal ______.A. to turn blackB. to become rustyC. to corrodeD. to twist50.In larger cities, the fumes from coal and oil may contributeto ______.A. lung diseasesB. heart diseasesC. loss of clear visionD. serious headachePassage 4A man once sa id how useless it was to put advertisements in newspapers. “Last week,” said he, “my umbrella was stolen from a London church, it was a present, I spent twice its worth in advertising, but did not get it back.”“How did you write your advertisement?” asked one of the listeners, a merchant.“Here it is,” said the man, taking out of his pocket a slip from a newspaper. The other man took it and read, “Lost an umbrella from the City church, the man who finds it will receive ten shillings leaving it at No. 10 Br oad Street.”“Now,” said the merchant, “I often advertise and find that it pays me well. But the way in which an advertisement is expressed is of extreme importance. Let us try your umbrella again, and if it fails, I’ll buy you a new one.”The merchant the n took a slip of paper out of his pocket and wrote: “If the man who was seen to take an umbrella from the City Church last Sunday evening does not wish to get into trouble, he will return the umbrella to No. 10 Broad Street. He is well known.”This appeared in the paper, and on the following morning, the man was astonished when he opened the front door. In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colors that had been thrown, and his own was among them. Many of them had notes fastened to them saying that they had been taken bymistake, and begging the loser not to say anything about the matter.51.What is an advertisement?A. A news item.B. A public announcement in the press, on TV, etc.C. One way to voice one’s view.D. Public opinions.52.The man once thought advertising was ______.A. of little useB. of some useC. practicalD. valuable53.Why did the merchant say “I often advertise and find that it pays me well”?A. Because he knew how to advertise.B. Because he had more money for advertising.C. Because he found it easy to advertise.D. Because he had a friend in the newspaper where he advertised.54.Did the merchant know who had taken the umbrella?A. Sure.B. Not very sure.C. Not at all.D. Probably.55.This is a story about ______.A. a useless advertisementB. how to make an effective advertisementC. how the man lost and found his umbrellaD. what the merchant did for the umbrella ownerPart III ClozeDirections: There are 20 blanks in each of the following passages. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should choose the one that best fits into the passage and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.1I do a lot of management training each year for the Circle K Company. Among the 56__ we discuss in our classes is the 57 of quality employees.“What has caused you to stay _58 enough to become a manager?” I asked. After a while a new manager took the 59 and said slowly, “It was a baseball glove.”Cynthia said she used to 60 a Circle K clerk job as an interim (临时的) one while she looked for something 61 . On her second day behind the counter, she received a(n) 62__ from her nine-year-old son, Jessie. He 63 a baseball glove for the little League. She 64__ that as a single mother, money was 65 , and her first check would have to go for paying __66 .When Cynthia arrived for work the next morning, Patricia, the store manager asked her to come to her small office and handed her a box. “I overheard you 67 to your son yesterday,” she said, “a nd I know that it is 68 to explain things to kids. This is a baseball glove for Jessie. I know you have to pay bills 69 you can buy gloves. You know we can’t 70__ good people like you as 71 as we would like to; but we do 72 and I want you to know how 73 you are to us.”Cynthia’s story shows vividly that people 74 more how much a(n) 75 cares than how much he pays.56. A. topics B. problems C. difficulties D. lessons57. A. employing B. praising C. keeping D. improving58. A. soon B. long C. strong D. calm59. A. position B. decision C. question D. advice60. A. take B. change C. lose D. consider61. A. lighter B. easier C. better D. higher62. A. letter B. call C. answer D. email63. A. bought B. kept C. needed D. offered64. A. complained B. explained C. understood D. admitted65. A. short B. enough C. spare D. tight66. A. food B. education C. clothes D. bills67. A. talking B. crying C. arguing D. scolding68. A. easy B. hard C. simple D. nice69. A. after B. until C. when D. before70. A. value B. remain C. pay D. fire71. A. much B. many C. pleasant D. possible72. A. regret B. agree C. worry D. care73. A. excellent B. important C. thankful D. thoughtful74. A. remember B. refuse C. thank D. realize75. A. mother B. clerk C. official D. manager2Venus (金星) is often the _76_ object in the morning or evening sky. It is also one of the __77_ objects to the earth: only the moon and, _78_ , Mars are nearer to us than Venus. Why, then, do we know so little about it?The reason is _79_ the surface of Venus is always covered _80_ a thick layer of clouds. These clouds brilliantly reflect the light _81_ reaches them from the sun and make theplanet __82 very bright to us. We are not sure about _83_ the clouds contain, and we don’t know _84_ the surface of Venus 85 look like.One _86_ suggestion is that the clouds of Venus _87_ be vapors of oil. Our earth clouds _88_ water ---because ourtemperature is just _89_ to turn a little of _90_ seas into vapor. The temperature on Venus, _ 91 _ is four times as hot as boiling water, is quite high enough to _92_ some kinds of oil in to vapors. If Venus had any “seas”, they cannot be seas of water. The water there _93_ away millions of years ago. _94_ they may be “sea” of heavy oil. Some kinds of oil would need to be hotter than Venus before they _95_ boil.76. A. brightest B. nearest C. smallest D. biggest77. A. smallest B. brightest C. nearest D. biggest78. A. however B. but C. sometimes D. then79. A. why B. how C. which D. that80. A. in B. by C. over D. on81. A. of which B. that C. this D. it82. A. seem B. to seem C. seeming D. seems83. A. what B. that C. the thing D. which84. A. when B. how C. where D. what85. A. must B. might C. ought to D. should86. A. good B. basic C. better D. interesting87. A. may B. can C. must D. would88. A. are composed of B. are made up of C. are made of D. are consisted of89. A. high enough B. as high enough C. enough high D. enough high as90. A. ours B. our C. their D. my91. A. that B. as C. which D. this92. A. rotate B. alter C. turn D. revolve93. A. should have boiled B. ought to have boiledC. must have boiledD. would have boiled94. A. Hence B. So C. But D. Therefore95. A. would B. will C. may D. mightPart IV Word FormationDirections: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words given in the brackets and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.96.I turned off all the lights in the apartment so that my bedroom was ______ dark. (complete)97.All these experiences have made him a ______ man, and one of the world’s most legendaryleaders. (mystery)98.His later stories are not interesting because of their poverty of ______. (imagine)99.The company will go bankrupt (破产) sooner or later because of its poor ______. (manage) 100.Tom had a very ______ look when his father told him they would not go to the movies.(disappoint)101.Several small businesses combined to form a large ______ company (power)102.The ______ of the atomic theory by physicists has led to many scientific discoveries. (accept) 103.Our foreign policy is to maintain ______ relations with all countries. (friend)104.The government tried hard to seek ways to reduce pollution and increase ______. (efficient)105.I often stay at home reading and writing at night, but ______ I may go to see a movie with my friend. (occasion) 106.The members said nothing, with the ______ that they didn’t like the proposal. (imply)Part V TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English.107.这间诊所不仅对职员和家属开放，还对外开放。

华东理工大学网络教育学院（全部答在答题纸上，请写清题号，反面可用。

试卷与答题纸分开交）行政管理学（专）_201906_模拟卷2_答案一、单选题（共15题,每题2分,共30分）1.★标准答案：A2.★标准答案：B3.★标准答案：A4.★标准答案：D5.★标准答案：A6.★标准答案：D7.★标准答案：A8.★标准答案：A9.★标准答案：A10.★标准答案：A11.★标准答案：B12.★标准答案：A13.★标准答案：A14.★标准答案：A15.★标准答案：A 二、多选题（共5题,每题2分,共10分）1.★标准答案：A,B,C2.★标准答案：A,B3.★标准答案：B,C4.★标准答案：C,D5.★标准答案：A,B,C,D三、判断题（共10题,每题1分,共10分）1.★标准答案：错误2.★标准答案：错误3.★标准答案：正确4.★标准答案：正确5.★标准答案：错误6.★标准答案：正确7.★标准答案：正确8.★标准答案：正确9.★标准答案：错误10.★标准答案：错误四、简答题（共4题,每题9分,共36分）1.★标准答案：（1）提高公共物品的供给效率，降低供给成本。

（2）弥补市场不足，促进市场完善。

2.★标准答案：违宪审查；行政诉讼；刑事诉讼；民事诉讼。

3.★标准答案：特点：层级越高，管辖范围越广，其职责和权力也越大，但组织数目却越少；管辖的范围越小，职责和权力也越小，但组织数目却越多。

类型：金字塔型结构；扁平型结构；综合型结构。

4.★标准答案：有利于政府重视民意提高公共管理质量。

有利于整肃吏治，树立公务员队伍良好形象。

有利于打破传统为官之道。

五、论述题（共1题,每题14分,共14分）1.★标准答案：自从国家产生以后，法律和道德就成为两种形式各异的社会行为规范调节着人们的行为，调节者人与人之间，人与社会之间、人鱼组织之间、人与国家之间的各种利益冲突。

两者并行不悖，各司其职，两种规范寻在的本身就说明道德与法律功能不同，不可替代，同时又不可分割。

华东理工大学网络教育学院（全部答在答题纸上，请写清题号，反面可用。

试卷与答题纸分开交）行政管理学（专）1606模拟卷1一、单选题（共10题,每题2分,共20分）1. 在一个特定的组织内，管理幅度和管理层次成（）。

（2分）A.正比B.反比C.平衡D.等比2. 行政执行的首要原则是（）。

（2分）A.忠实于决策B.创新灵活C.周密计划D.团结协作3. 混合扫描决策模型由谁提出（）。

（2分）A.林德布罗姆B.西蒙C.埃奇奥尼D.韦伯4. 行政执行的前提和依据是（）。

（2分）A.行政领导B.行政组织C.行政决策D.行政监督5. 财政预算最后一个环节是（）。

（2分）A.中央或地方政府行政部门编制草案B.中央或地方政府财政部门汇总审核C.中央或地方政府领导审核批准D.中央或地方人民代表大会审核通过。

6. 公平与效率的关系主要涉及的是（）。

（2分）A.政府的政治职能B.政府的经济职能C.政府的社会职能D.政府的文化职能7. 政府职能的错位是指（）。

（2分）A.政府干了不该干的事情和管了不该管的事情B.在政府职能分工定位上存在交叉和混淆的情况C.本来应当由政府生产和提供的公共产品和服务，政府却没有充分尽职尽责，甚至在某些公共领域出现了“真空”。

D.应当由政府保障的公民宪法权益还存在残缺8. 提倡“经济人”政府的是（）。

（2分）A.布坎南B.庇古C.凯恩斯D.亚当·斯密9. 政府干预的政府职能模式兴起于（）。

（2分）A.资本主义自由市场经济时期B.20世纪20年代末到30年代初经济大危机时期C.传统的社会主义计划经济体制时期D.20世纪80年代10. 公用基础设施建设属于（）。

（2分）A.政府的政治职能B.政府的经济职能C.政府的社会职能D.政府的文化职能★标准答案：1-5 BACCD 6-10 CBABB二、多选题（共5题,每题2分,共10分）1. 法院进行行政监督的主要方式有（A,B,C,D）。

（2分）A.违宪审查B.民事诉讼C.刑事诉讼D.行政诉讼.2. 属直接税的有（A,B）。

华东理工大学网络学院（专科）《数据结构》------第3章、第4章、第5章班级学号姓名成绩一、填空题（每空1分，共20分）1. 栈和队列是两种特殊的线性表，栈的特点是先进后出，表达式求值，栈的典型应用有和实现递归过程。

2. 在具有n个单元的循环队列中，队列满时共有n-1 个元素。

3. 若串的长度不能确定，可采用动态存储结构，为串值分配一个存储空间，同时建立一个串的描述子以指示串值的长度和串在存储空间中的位置，称该结构为堆/堆结构。

4. 稀疏矩阵一种常用的压缩存储方法称为三元组表方式，即每个三元组表中的元素由、行、列、值、三部分组成。

5. 二维数组A[10][20]采用列序为主方式存储，每个元素占10个存储单元，且A[0][0]的存储地址是2000，则A[6][12]的地址是3260 。

6.进栈序列为a，b，c，则通过出栈和进栈操作可能得到的a，b，c的不同的排列序列有5 种。

7. 广义表((a,b),c,d)的表头是(a, b) ，表尾是(c,d) 。

8.已知二维数组A[20][10]采用行序为主方式存储,每个元素占2个存储单元,并且A[10][5]的存储地址是1000,则A[18][9]的存储地址是1168 。

9. 广义表((((a),b),c),d)的表头是(((a),b),c) ，表尾是(d) 。

10. 设s=’YOU ARE JUDGING IT RIGHT OR WRONG’，顺序执行下列操作：SubString(sub1,s,1,8)；SubString(sub2,s,20,5)；StrCat(sub1,sub2); 则最后sub1的值为：’YOU ARE RIGHT’。

11. 假设用循环单链表实现队列，若队列非空，且队尾指针为R, 则将新结点S加入队列时，需执行下面语句：S->next=R->next ；R->next=S ；R=S 。

12.设有两个串p和q，求q在p中首次出现的位置的运算称作子串定位。

华东理工大学行政管理学阶段练习（一）一、名词解释（每个5分，共20分）1、行政2、行政原理3、行政环境4、行政职能二、单项选择题：（每题1分，共15分，每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是正确答案）1、威尔逊的《＿＿B＿》一文标志着行政学研究在美国的兴起。

A.行政学B.行政研究C.政治与行政D.行政学原理2、行政学作为一门独立的科学的出现，则是在20世纪20年代中期，一般以罗纳德•怀特在1926年发表美国第一本大学教科书《＿＿＿A＿＿＿》为标志。

A.行政学导论B.行政学原理C.行政学D.行政研究3、行政原理是__B__的升华，是研究对象和内容的本质反映，是科学理论宝库的组成部分，具有抽象性和普遍性。

A.行政管理内容B.行政管理规律C.行政管理活动D.行政管理特点4、被号称为是科学管理之父的是( A )A.泰罗B.法约尔C.威尔逊D.古德诺5、决策科学的著名代表是：（ D ）A.泰罗B.梅奥C.威尔逊D.西蒙6、行政的政治环境，是指在＿＿B＿中，除行政管理因素之外的其他因素的总和。

它主要包括国家的国体和政体、政党政治、法律制度等。

A.国家上层建筑B.国家政治体系C.国家经济体系D.国家文化体系7、行政的文化环境主要是指精神文化方面。

包括人们的＿＿＿D＿。

A.道德和理想B.道德和世界观C.理想和世界观D.道德、理想和世界观8、从行政管理所具有的政治性和社会性两重属性来看，行政职能可分为＿＿＿D＿＿＿。

A.政治统治职能和经济管理职能B.政治统治职能和政府公共管理职能C.政府管理职能和社会管理职能D.政治统治职能和社会管理职能9、管理要留有余地指的是（ D ）。

A.整分合原则B.能级原则C.动力原则D.弹性原则10、贯穿整个管理过程中的第一个基本原理是：AA.系统原理B.人本原理C.动态原理D.都不是11、人本原理的内容是指（B ）。

A.肯定行政人员具有合理的经济需求B.必须调动人的积极性和做好人的工作为根本C.行政人员是被动人D.行政人员的行政行为不应当受到约束12、要求管理者在管理运动中把握管理对象运动、变化的情况，不断调节各个环节以实现整体目标，这就是管理的：CA.系统原理B.人本原理C.动态原理D.行为原则13、对行政环境进行研究的直接源头来自于：DA.行政学B.地理学C.政治学D.生态学14、行政职能转变的本质是：DA.行政职能数量的增加或减少B.行政职能质量上的弱化或强化C.行政职能结构上的集中或分散D.行政权力的转移15、先后进行过两次著名霍桑实验的是（ D ）A、法约尔B、韦伯C、泰勒D、梅奥三、多项选择题（下列每题至少有两个正确答案，每题2分，共10分）16、管理理论大致经历了三个阶段，每阶段都有其代表，这三位是：（ BCD ）A、威尔逊B、泰罗C、梅奥D、西蒙17、系统原理对应的原则有：ABA.整分合原则B.相对封闭原则C.动力原则D.反馈原则18、经济环境包括：CDA.政党政治B.法律制度C.物质技术力量D.经济制度19、行政基本职能有：ABCDA.政治职能B.经济职能C.文化职能D.社会职能20、中国政府职能定位的标准有：ABCDA.技术因素B.经济因素C.伦理价值因素D.政治的因素四、简答题：（每题7分，共28分）1．简述管理理论发展的三个阶段2．根据行为原则该如何调动人的积极性?3．简述人本原理的能级原则4. 政府职能该如何定位？三、论述题：（共15分。

华东理工大学网络学院政治学原理模拟(mónǐ)试题一、单选题（共15题,每题2分,共30分）1. 作为有组织地赢得选举从而获得政府权力(quánlì)的政治机制，政党形成于：（）A.18世纪(shìjì)B.19世纪(shìjì)C.20世纪(shìjì)D.二战后.2. 平衡官僚权力最周全成熟的机制为：（）A.撒切尔时期政策研究中心思想库B.布莱尔时期内阁办公室C.私人顾问小组D.美国总统行政办公室.3. 政治行政机构的关键职能是：（）A.礼仪性职责B.决策控制C.领导民众D.官僚管理.4. 总统制和内阁制最大的区别，就在于：（）A.在总统制国家，同一个官员不能同时在两个国家机构任职，而内阁制国家则可以。

B.在总统制国家，立法机关不能解除总统职务，总统也无权解散立法机关，而在内阁制国家，立法机关有权倒阁，内阁也可提请解散立法机关C.在总统制国家，总统一身二任，而在内阁制国家，则是由政府首脑掌握行政权，国家元首仅是国家的代表。

D.它们的立法机关和行政机关的关系不同。

.5. 下列属于制度性团体的是：（）A.家庭B.压力集团C.种姓组织和种族集团D.官僚群体.6. 现代国际关系史的开端是：（）A.威斯特伐利亚和约的签订B.凡尔赛和约的签订C.维也纳和约的签订D.雅尔塔和约的签订.7. 以意识形态取向为基础的政党分类是：（）A.精英型政党和群众型政党B.代表型和整合型政党C.宪政型和革命型政党D.左翼政党与右翼政党.8. 结果平等是指：（）A.一种坚信人类生而平等的思想，强调人类的生命在价值上是等值的B.社会成员在权利和资格方面的正式身份的平等C.每个人起点相同，生活机会相同D.收入.财富和其他社会利益的平等分配.9. 现代政治是一种以__为中心的政治。

（）A.城邦B.国家C.民族D.个人.10. 马克思主义传统所产生的各种民主模式被称为：（）A.古典民主B.保护型民主C.发展型民主D.人民民主.11. 下列不属于非传统安全的是：（）A.环境问题.能源危机.大规模疾病问题B.难民问题，社会危机.大规模种族清洗与人权迫害C.跨国毒品(dúpǐn)贩运.国际(guójì)洗钱活动.拐卖人口.非法移民(yí mín)问题D.领土安全(ānquán)问题.12. 下列哪类合法性类型(lèixíng)中，风俗习惯.传统惯例具有无上的权威性，只要人生活在这个传统之中，他就得无条件恪守这一传统？（）A.传统型B.个人魅力型C.法理型D.礼治型.13. 下列哪项不是政府得社会职能？（）A.维护社会治安和社会秩序B.保护自然环境，维持生态平衡C.制定和实施社会保障的制度和措施D.建立和维护军队.警察.监狱等暴力机.14. 内阁制政府体制的典型是：（）A.美国B.英国C.法国D.瑞士.15. 对政治最广泛也是最根本的一种定义的是：（）A.把政治看作为政府管理艺术B.把政治看作是公共事务C.把政治看作是公共事务D.把政治看作为权力和资源分配的活动.二、多选题（共5题,每题2分,共10分）1. 非三权分立的政府体制有：（）A.总统制B.内阁制C.委员会制D.人民代表大会制.2. 政党的功能和作用主要体现在（）A.目标制定B.利益表达和聚合C.社会化和动员功能D.培养和录用精英，组织政府.3. 在中央层次上，国家机构主要包含：（）A.国家元首B.立法机关C.行政机关D.司法机关.4. 社会、经济、文化权利包括以下几方面：（）A.受教育权B.社会保障权C.财产权D.劳动权与休息权.5. 下列属于社区性团体的是：（）A.家庭B.部落C.种姓组织和种族集团D.官僚群体三、名词解释（共3题,每题5分,共15分）1. 意识形态2. 国家3. 民主四、简答题（共4题,每题8分,共32分）1. 为什么说权利是现代政治的起点？2. 资本主义社团发挥作用的方式有哪些？3. 第三条道路思想特点(tèdiǎn)是什么？4. 现代立法机关(lì fǎ jīɡuān)的职能有哪些？五、论述题（共1题,每题13分,共13分）1. 论述有限政府(zhèngfǔ)原则的内涵。

华东理工大学网络教育学院《政治学原理（专）》课程阶段练习二一、单选选择题１、对国家管理者的最直接、最广泛的监督方式是：（ A ）A、公民监督B、社会团体监督C、舆论监督D、司法独立2、被认为是行政、立法、司法三权之外的“第四种权力”的是：（ B ）A、意识形态B、社会舆论C、专业知识D、道德3、是武力方式的一种大规模的极端形式。

（ D ）A、暴力镇压B、军事政变C、政治暗杀D、战争４、现代官僚制属于下列哪种合法性类型？（ C ）A、传统型B、个人魅力型C、法理型D、礼治型５、下列哪项不属于权利约束权力？（ A ）A、三权分立B、公民监督C、社会团体监督D、舆论监督６、古典民主模式以谁所建立的统治体系为基础发展而来？（ A ）A、雅典B、斯巴达C、罗马D、巴黎７、现在所使用的“民主”一词来自古代的：（ A ）A、希腊语B、阿拉伯语C、英语D、汉语８、发展型民主的观点来源于谁的著作？（ B ）A、约翰•洛克B、约翰•密尔C、让-雅克•卢梭D、杰里米•边沁９、二战后的希腊是哪种民主化道路的典型？（ B ）A、在外部力量帮助下的民主建设B、民主制度的内部重构C、政权内部发起的民主化D、政治反对派力量在终结威权主义政权、设定民主的框架中起到了主要的作用。

1０、最为基本的自由为：（ A ）A、生命自由B、经济自由C、思想自由D、人身自由１１、根本平等是指：（ A ）A、一种坚信人类生而平等的思想，强调人类的生命在价值上是等值的B、社会成员在权利和资格方面的正式身份的平等C、每个人起点相同，生活机会相同D、收入、财富和其他社会利益的平等分配１２、形式平等最显著也是最重要的原则是：（ C ）A、机会平等B、结果平等C、法律平等D、政治平等１３、言论自由、学术自由、出版自由属于：（ C ）A、政治自由B、经济自由C、思想自由D、人身自由１４、我们通常所说的“多劳多得”的原则体现的是：（ D ）A、根本平等B、形式平等C、机会平等D、结果平等１５、追求自由会导致不平等。

行政管理学（本）_202301_模拟卷注：找到所考试题直接看该试题所有题目和答案即可。

查找按键：Ctrl+F超越高度一、单选题（共15题，30分）1、控制社会、影响社会的最大的两股力量是（）°（2.0）A、行政体系与市场体系B、行政体系与民众C、国际体系与行政体系D、国际体系与市场体系试题编号：119964正确答案：A2、公共组织与企业组织的实质性区别原则是（）。

（2.0）A、服务性原则B、非营利性原则C、公共性原则D、民众参与性原则试题编号：119969正确答案：B3、行政组织中规模最大、分支机构和人员最多的子系统是（）。

（2.0）A、领导决策机构B、执行机构C、监督机构D、参谋辅助机构试题编号：119977正确答案：B4、提倡“经济人”政府的是（）。

（2.0）A、布坎南B、庇古C、凯恩斯D、亚当•斯密试题编号：119980正确答案：A5、在不确定的条件下,决策结果无法进行预测和估算的决策是指（）。

（2.0）A、确定型决策B、风险型决策C、非确定型决策D、战术决策试题编号：119984正确答案：C6、行政控制过程最为关键的环节是（）。

（2.0）A、确定控制标准B、衡量成效C、财务控制D、纠正偏差试题编号：119989正确答案：D7、17世纪之前英国的人事行政制度实际上是（）。

（2.0）A、“世卿制”B、“察举征辟制”C、“科举制”D、“恩赐官爵制”试题编号：119994正确答案：D8、主任科员以下及其他相当职务层次的非领导职务公务员的主要任职方式是（）.（2.0）A、考任制B、委任制C、选任制D、聘任制试题编号：120007正确答案：A9、目标管理模式是美国学者（）提出的一种管理方法。

（2.0）A、泰罗B、西蒙C、德鲁克D、罗宾斯试题编号:120011正确答案：C10、下列不属于违法违纪监督的是（）。

（2.0）A、职能监督B 、行政监察C 、政法机关监督D 、审计监督试题编号：120014正确答案：A11、一些国家在改革中对国有企业和事业单位这类公共部门的民营化改革是“政府瘦身”的重要举措。

华东理工大学网络教育学院消费者行为分析阶段练习一（第一章～第四章）一、名词解释1、狭义的消费者——是指购买、使用各种消费品（包括服务）的个人或居民户。

2、消费者行为——消费者为获取、使用、处置消费物品所采取的各种行动以及先于且决定这些行动的决策过程。

3、扩展型决策——消费者对某类产品或该类产品的具体品牌不熟悉，而且未建立起相应的产品与品牌评价标准，更没有将选择范围限定在少数几个品牌上即为扩展型决策。

4、动机——所谓动机是指推动个体采取行为的内在驱动力。

5、知觉——知觉是人脑对刺激物各种属性和各个部分的整体反映，它是对感觉信息加工和解释的过程。

二、单项选择题1、企业可以影响消费者行为是基于消费者行为的（ C ）特点。

A:多样性 B:复杂性 C:可诱导性 D:多变性2、消费者研究始于（ D ）。

A:18世纪初 B:18世纪末 C:19世纪初 D:19世纪末3、最初从事消费者行为研究的是（ A ）。

A:凡勃伦 B:斯各特 C:科普兰 D:盖斯特4、当消费者对某类产品或对这类产品的具体品牌不熟悉，而且也未建立起相应的产品与品牌的评价标准，更没有将选择范围限定在少数几个品牌上，此时消费者面临的是（ A ）。

A:扩展型决策 B:有限型决策 C:名义型决策 D:解决限定问题决策5、消费者购买决策过程的第一阶段为（ D ）。

A:搜集信息 B:评价品牌 C:购买 D:认识问题6、消费者将过去贮存在记忆中的有关产品的信息提取出来解决当前问题的过程是（ B ）。

A:外部信息搜集 B:内部信息搜集 C:外部信息处理 D: 内部信息处理7、消费者为那些最重要的属性规定一个最低的绩效值标准是（ B ）。

A:联结式规则 B:重点选择规则 C:按序排除规则 D:编篡式规则8、按照马斯洛需求层次理论论述，人的需求是分层次的，其中最高层次为（ D ）。

A:安全需要 B:归属需要 C:自尊需要 D:自我实现需要9、联结刺激与反应的中间变量是（C ）。

华东理工大学网络教育学院（全部答在答题纸上，请写清题号，反面可用。

试卷与答题纸分开交）行政组织学_201906_模拟卷1_答案一、单选题（共10题,每题2分,共20分）1. 在中国这样一个多民族国家中，解决民族问题的理想方式是实行（）（2分）A.民族自决B.联邦制C.民族区域自治D.民族独立.★标准答案：C2. 行政组织中两个以上的人或群团为达到各自目的而形成的彼此对立、争执与争斗的关系，被称为（）（2分）A.组织病态B.组织摩擦C.组织危机D.组织阻碍.★标准答案：B3. 西方行政学的创始人是（）（2分）A.泰勒B.威尔逊C.密尔D.韦伯.★标准答案：B4. 最明显地影响行政组织的宗教环境是（）（2分）A.政教合一B.政教分离C.宗教自由D.宗教独立.★标准答案：A5. 行政管理的行为主体是（）（2分）A.行政组织B.立法组织C.司法组织D.群团组织.★标准答案：A6. 在资本主义社会早期，公共事务极其简单，政府充当的角色主要是（）（2分）A.全能计划者B.守夜警察C.社会保姆D.道德领袖.★标准答案：B7. 直接决定着行政组织的性质和变化的是（）（2分）A.生产关系B.政党制度C.生产力D.社会状况.★标准答案：A 8. 道德标准属于行政组织国内环境的（）（2分）A.政治部分B.法制部分C.文化部分D.群团部分.★标准答案：C9. 美国各州州长的产生取决于（）（2分）A.联邦政府B.总统C.国会D.各州选民.★标准答案：D10. 行政组织微观纵向分工所形成的职责关系中，中层行政组织为( ) （2分）A.决策层B.管理层C.技术操作层D.协调指挥层.★标准答案：D二、多选题（共5题,每题4分,共20分）1. 行政组织内部的群团，根据其功能发挥情况可以分为（）（4分）A.有效群团B.正式群团C.无效群团D.非正式集团E.中性群团.★标准答案：A,C2. 古希腊、古罗马行政组织思想最为典型的代表人物是（）（4分）A.柏拉图B.梭伦C.亚里士多德D.渥大维E.斯巴达.★标准答案：A,C3. 孔子提出以“礼”为核心的行政思想，主要强调（）（4分）A.等级秩序B.以人为本C.专业化分工D.组织内部和谐E.选拔正直的人参与管理.★标准答案：A,D,E4. 巴纳德认为，组织作为一个协作系统，必须具备哪几个要素?（）（4分）A.共同的目标B.经费C.协作的意愿D.权责结构E.信息.★标准答案：A,C,E5. 南京国民政府时期，由国民党中央执委会选任的有（）（4分）A.国民政府主席B.国民政府委员会委员C.行政院院长D.行政院副院长E.立法院院长.★标准答案：A,B,C,D,E三、名词解释（共4题,每题8分,共32分）1. 政府职能市场化（8分）★标准答案：所谓政府职能市场化，是指在对政府职能重新界定后，将原来属于政府的一部分职能交给社会组织或民间团体去承担，由市场机制发挥作用。

2016春华工网教《行政管理学》随堂练习答案1. "是指一切社会组织、团体对有关事务的治理、管理和执行的社会活动"，这是行政管理（）A、狭义的含义B、广义的含义C、现代的含义D、最广义的含义参考答案：D2. 行政管理支配权即（）A、行政权B、管理权C、政治权D、决策权参考答案：A3. "行政学"一词，最早主要是指（）A、法学B、社会学C、行政法D、行政管理学参考答案：C4. 行政管理活动的根本原则是（）A、实事求是B、依法管理C、为人民服务D、违法必究参考答案：B5. "市场万能论"认为政府的职能角色表现是一种（）现象A、"守夜警察"B、幕后操纵者C、多方干预者D、指挥协调者参考答案：A6. 行政管理学的根本目的是实现行政管理的（）A、现代化B、知识化C、系统化D、科学化参考答案：D7. 行政管理学的创始人是（）A、史坦因B、威尔逊C、古德诺D、怀特参考答案：B8. 行政管理学的过程论的内容包括（）A、行政决策B、行政执行C、行政协调D、行政信息E、行政监督参考答案：ABCDE9. 行政管理学中保障论的内容主要包括（）A、财务行政B、行政法治C、行政方法D、行政组织E、行政道德参考答案：ABCE10. 美国学者怀特把复杂的行政要素归纳为（）A、组织原理B、组织机构C、人事行政D、财务行政E、行政法规参考答案：ACDE11. 我国的行政管理主体包括（）A、国务院B、国务院派出机构各级人民政府D、各级街道办事处E、各级村民委员会参考答案：AC12. 行政管理的法制性集中体现了行政管理的权威性。

参考答案：对13. 行政管理是以国家权力为依据的，是行使国家权力的一种公共性的管理。

参考答案：错1. 行政环境的基础是（）A.宏观行政环境B.中观行政环境C.微观行政环境D.混合行政环境参考答案：A2. 20世纪60年代，西方行政学界兴起了一门新的学科（）A.行政主体学B.行政生态学C.行政环境学D.行政行为学参考答案：B3. 首先提出行政环境问题并予以研究的学者是（）A. F·W·利格斯B. C·I·巴纳德C. J·W·高斯D. J·W·洛西参考答案：C4. 行政环境中的经济环境包括物质技术和（）两个方面A.生产力性质B.生产力水平C.生产资料D.经济制度参考答案：D5. 反映人类生存和发展的价值规范和行为态度、教育科学文化事业发展的程度和趋向。

华理⽹络教育现代远程教育概论（专）作业标准答案华理⽹络教育现代远程教育概论(专)作业答案————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————⽇期：2题号:1 题型:单选题（请在以下⼏个选项中选择唯⼀正确答案）本题分数:5内容:课程教学⼤纲可以在中下载。

A、学习园地B、学⽣个⼈学习平台C、FTP下载中⼼D、教育中⼼通知栏标准答案:B学员答案:B本题得分:53406396danx题号:2 题型:单选题（请在以下⼏个选项中选择唯⼀正确答案）本题分数:5内容:学⽣平台中以下哪项不是课程列表中显⽰的内容？A、在修课程B、代重修课程C、答疑课程D、⽆效课程标准答案:C学员答案:C本题得分:53406397danx题号:3 题型:单选题（请在以下⼏个选项中选择唯⼀正确答案）本题分数:5内容:如果要下载免修申请表或转专业申请表应在⾸页哪个栏⽬查找下载？A、学员须知B、⽹上校园C、教学计划D、统考⽂件与资料标准答案:A学员答案:B本题得分:03406398danx题号:4 题型:单选题（请在以下⼏个选项中选择唯⼀正确答案）本题分数:5内容:华东理⼯⼤学⽹络教育学院教育⽅针为：⽹上⾃主学习、实时直播授课、集中⾯授辅导、教师⽹络答疑、。

A、练习⽹上提交B、学⽣⽹络提问C、教师⽹上阅卷D、注重过程考核标准答案:D学员答案:D本题得分:53406399danx题号:5 题型:单选题（请在以下⼏个选项中选择唯⼀正确答案）本题分数:5内容:是否只有IE⾃带的“弹出窗⼝阻⽌程序”可能会屏蔽弹出窗⼝？A、是B、否标准答案:B学员答案:A本题得分:03406400danx题号:6 题型:单选题（请在以下⼏个选项中选择唯⼀正确答案）本题分数:5内容:华东理⼯⼤学⽹络教育学院教育⽅针为：⽹上⾃主学习、实时直播授课、集中⾯授辅导、、注重过程考核A、⽹上学习提问B、教师⽹络答疑C、学⽣⽹络提问D、教师⽹上阅卷标准答案:B学员答案:B本题得分:53406401danx题号:7 题型:单选题（请在以下⼏个选项中选择唯⼀正确答案）本题分数:5内容:课程考试每年安排⼏次？A、2B、3C、4D、5标准答案:C学员答案:A本题得分:03406402danx题号:8 题型:单选题（请在以下⼏个选项中选择唯⼀正确答案）本题分数:5内容:华东理⼯⼤学⽹络教育的学习⽅针是( )。

华东理工大学网络教育学院《网络安全技术》阶段二（4—6章）一、选择题1、打电话请求密码属于（ B ）攻击方式A 木马B 社会工程学C 电话系统漏洞D 拒绝服务2、一次成功的攻击，都可以归纳成基本的五步骤，按顺序分别是（ C ）。

A踩点扫描—隐藏IP—获得系统或管理员权限—种植后门—在网络中隐身B 踩点扫描—隐藏IP—在网络中隐身—获得系统或管理员权限—种植后门C 隐藏IP—踩点扫描—获得系统或管理员权限—种植后门—在网络中隐身D隐藏IP—踩点扫描—在网络中隐身—获得系统或管理员权限—种植后门3、（ B ）就是基于主机之上，对系统中不合适的设置，脆弱的口令以及其他同安全规则抵触的对象进行检查。

A 主动式策略B 被动式策略C 慢速扫描D 乱序扫描4、（ A ）的目的就是利用各种工具对攻击目标的IP地址或地址段的主机查找漏洞。

A 扫描B 入侵C 踩点D 监听5、对连续的端口进行扫描，源地址一致，时间间隔短的扫描，称之为（ D ）。

A 快速扫描B 有序扫描C 慢速扫描D 乱序扫描6、以下哪些工具属于主动式策略扫描（ACD ）。

A GetNTUserB SnifferC X-ScanD PortScan7、用户登录以后，所有的用户信息都存储在系统的一个进程中，这个进程是（B ）。

A logon.exeB winlogon.exeC users.exeD userslogon.exe8、（ B ）可以通过建立服务端口和克隆管理员帐号来实现。

A 网络扫描B 网络后门C 网络踩点D 网络监听9、使用工具软件wnc可以在对方的主机上开启两个服务：Web服务和Telnet服务。

其中Web服务的端口是808，Telnet服务的端口是（ C ）。

A 80B 707C 777D 80810、用普通用户帐号登录后，可以利用工具（ B ）将自己加到管理员组或者新建一个具有管理员权限的用户。

A FindPassB GetAdminC DomainNameD WinLogon二、填空题1、扫描方式可以分成两大类：慢速扫描和乱序扫描。

华东理工大学网络教育学院（全部答在答题纸上，请写清题号，反面可用。

试卷与答题纸分开交）行政管理学（专）1512模拟卷1一、单选题（共10题,每题2分,共20分）1. 上级行政机关的审批手续便是一种（）。

（2分）A.事先监督B.事中监督C.事后监督D.社会监督2. 问卷调查法、访谈法、实地观察法、民意调查法等属于行政绩效评估中的（）。

（2分）A.社会调查方法B.政策分析法C.心理测评方法D.统计分析方法3. 行政组织最典型的形态就是（）。

（2分）A.金字塔形结构B.扁平型结构C.综合型结构D.矩阵结构4. 行政组织中规模最大、分支机构和人员最多的子系统是（）。

（2分）A.领导决策机构B.执行机构C.监督机构D.参谋辅助机构5. 依法行政的思想源流是（）。

（2分）A.自然法理论和契约论B.马列主义C.权力分立和制衡学说D.市场经济原理6. 我国实行（）预算。

（2分）A.三级B.四级C.五级D.六级7. 间接由公众表达自己意愿和政策看法的社会监督方式是（）。

（2分）A.批评、建议、评论B.参政议政C.公意表达D.申诉、控告或检举8. 世界上第一个现代文官制度在哪国正式确立（）。

（2分）A.英国B.美国C.法国D.中国9. 非领导职务层次在（）以下设置。

（2分）A.省部级B.厅局级C.县处级D.乡科级10. 界定政府职能应把握的首要原则是（）。

（2分）A.公共性原则B.服务性原则C.有限性原则D.全面性原则二、多选题（共5题,每题2分,共10分）1. 行政发展的内部动力有（）。

（2分）A.新的技术方法的推动B.政府内部改革人士的推动C.政府雇员的利益需求D.文化因素.2. 对公务员的惩戒处分包括（）。

（2分）A.警告B.记过、记大过C.降级D.撤职、开除.3. 政府治理的社会化手段包括（）。

（2分）A.管制与放松管制B.特许经营C.社区治理D.公众参与及听证会.4. 领导者的观念技能主要包括（）。

（2分）A.评价激励技能B.预测技能C.概括技能D.判断技能.5. 公共行政管理的客体或对象包括（）。