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2018法考行政第一轮练习题及答案解析四一、单项选择题（在下列各题的备选项中，请选择1个最符合题意的选项）1．村民陈某在本村建一住宅。
镇政府认定其非法占用土地，违反《土地管理法》，作出拆除房屋、退还土地的决定，随后将房屋强制拆除。
陈某向法院提起诉讼，请求撤销镇政府的决定、确认拆除行为违法。
关于镇政府的权力，下列哪一选项是正确的？A．有权作出拆除决定，但无权强制执行B．有权作出拆除决定，也有权强制执行C．无权作出拆除决定，也无权强制执行D．无权作出拆除决定，但可以强制执行【答案】C【考点】本题考查地方国家行政机关。
【解析】AB项：《土地管理法》第77条第1款规定："农村村民未经批准或者采取欺骗手段骗取批准，非法占用土地建住宅的，由县级以上人民政府土地行政主管部门责令退还非法占用的土地，限期拆除在非法占用的土地上新建的房屋。
"据该规定，县级以上人民政府土地行政主管部门有权作出限期拆除决定，镇政府无权，AB项错误。
CD项：第83条："依照本法规定，责令限期拆除在非法占用的土地上新建的建筑物和其他设施的，建设单位或者个人必须立即停止施工，自行拆除；对继续施工的，作出处罚决定的机关有权制止。
建设单位或者个人对责令限期拆除的行政处罚决定不服的，可以在接到责令限期拆除决定之日起十五日内，向人民法院起诉；期满不起诉又不自行拆除的，由作出处罚决定的机关依法申请人民法院强制执行，费用由违法者承担。
"据此规定，镇政府无权作出拆除决定，也无权强制执行，C项正确，D项错误。
2．某房地产公司开发一幢大楼，实际占用土地的面积超出其依法获得的出让土地使用权面积，实际建筑面积也超出了建设工程规划许可证规定的面积。
关于对该公司的处罚，下列哪一选项是正确的？A．只能由土地行政主管部门按非法占用土地予以处罚B．只能由城乡规划主管部门按违章建筑予以处罚C．根据一事不再罚原则，由当地政府确定其中一种予以处罚D．由土地行政主管部门、城乡规划主管部门分别予以处罚【答案】D【考点】本题考查违规用地及违法建筑两个违法行为的处罚问题。
漂泊
郑谷
槿坠蓬疏池馆清，日光风端送无情。
鲈鱼斫鲙输张翰，橘树呼奴送李衡（注）。
十口漂零犹寄食，两川消息未休兵。
黄花催促重阳近，何处登高望二京。
［注］张翰，西晋时在洛阳为官，见堂室内乱，便借口思念家乡特产鲈鱼，回到吴江。
李衡，三国丹阳太守，遣人在武陵种柑橘千株，称“千头木奴”，子孙家道殷足。
1.下列对这首诗的理解和赏析，不正确的一项是（3分）（）
A.首联描写周围环境，“坠”——“疏”“清”扣标题，有飘零之感，“淡无情”有双关意。
B.颔联连用典故，与张翰和李衡的比较，既抒发诗人羡慕之情，也暗指了他的处境。
C.“催促”以拟人手法写菊花盛开、重阳将至，用乐景反衬佳节来临无处登高的无奈。
D.本诗叙事、抒情相结合，沉重的现实主题和凄凉的场景选择，使诗歌具有沉郁之感。
2.本诗颈联与杜甫《登高》颈联都写到漂泊之苦，请比较其情感表达上的不同之处。
（6分）
参考答案及解析
1.(3分)C (“乐景”有误)
2.(6分)两诗颈联情感表达的方式和程度不同。
郑诗颈联写举家漂泊、寄食于人而战争仍无休止的现状，将个人与国运相结合，在写实的笔法中透露饱受战乱、有家难回的悲凉；(3分)杜诗颈联看似只写了离乡万里、暮年多病的个人遭际，但“万里”“百年”“常”“悲”“独”等词语从时空角度写漂泊之久、苦痛之深，蕴含的社会批判性更加强烈。
(3分)。
教师资格证考试《小学综合素质》模拟真题练习卷一、单选题1．具备高等师范专科学校或其他大专专科学历的公民不得申请的教师资格类型是（）A.幼儿园B.小学C.初级中学D.高级中学答案：D解析：根据《中华人民共和国教师法》第十一条规定，取得高级中学教师资格和中等专业学校、技工学校、职业高中文化课、专业课教师资格，应当具备高等师范院校本科或者其他大学本科毕业及其以上学历。
2．童话通过丰富的想象,幻想和夸张来塑造艺术形象,反映生活,对自然物的描写常用拟人化手法。
下列选项中,作者与作品对应不正确的是()A.科洛迪——《木偶奇遇记》B.圣爱克苏佩里一《夏洛的网》C.拉格勒夫——《骆驼旅行记》D.卡罗尔——《爱丽丝漫游奇境记》答案：B解析：《夏洛的网》是爱尔温·布鲁克斯·怀特的作品。
3．夏老师和汤老师都在积极准备参加市小学教育基本技能大赛，首次参加比赛的夏老师向汤老师请教，汤老师因担心夏老师在比赛中超过自己，就说自己也不清楚，汤老师的做法表明她（）A.具有帮助同事自我创新的意识B.缺乏尊重同事人格的品路C.具有促使同事自主发张的意说D.缺乏与同事自主合作的精神答案：D解析：教师在教师集体中开展着教育教学专业性活动，这种教育教学活动通常需要靠集体的力量去完成，教师在集体中共同完成教育教学工作，若想实现一定的教育目的，教师必须与同事进行协作，维护团结，相互理解，相互支持。
题干中夏老师对比赛情况没有向汤老师如实陈述，缺乏与同事互助合作的精神。
4．某学校收了1057万元钱，根据《中华人民共和国义务教育法》，该钱用于（）。
A.学前教育B.高等教育C.实施基础教育D.实施义务教育答案：D解析：《义务教育法》第四十九条义务教育经费严格按照预算规定用于义务教育；任何组织和个人不得侵占、挪用义务教育经费，不得向学校非法收取或者摊派费用。
因此，该学校收到的经费，应严格用于实施义务教育。
5．素质教育的主渠道和教育改革的原点是（）。
教师资格证考试《小学综合素质》模拟真题练习卷一、单选题1．下列关于终身教育的说法错误的是（）。
A.终身教育是指非正规教育B.终身教育这一理念是由法国成人教育家保罗·朗格朗最先提出来的C.终身教育具有终身性、全民性、广泛性、灵活性和实用性的特点D.教师和学生都应树立终身学习的理念答案：A解析：A项说法错误。
终身教育是人们在一生各阶段当中所受各种教育的总和，是人们所受不同类型教育的统一综合，包括教育体系的各个阶段和各种方式，既有正规教育，又有非正规教育。
2．20世纪70年代中期，中国计算机专家王选主持的一项技术发明，为中文出版印刷行业带来了一次革命性的改革，取代了铅字印刷术，这项发明是（）A.新型汉字输入法B.汉字激光照排系统C.新型中文打字机D.中文报纸编排系统答案：B解析：王选，著名计算机文字信息处理专家，当代中国印刷业革命的先行者，被称为“汉字激光照排系统之父”，发明了高分辨率字形的高倍率信息压缩技术和高速复原方法，在世界上首次使用“参数描述方法”描述笔画特性，被公认为毕升发明活字印刷术后中国印刷技术的第二次革命。
所以，正确答案是B。
3．“学高为师”“良师必须是学者”强调哪一类知识对教师专业发展的重要性( )A.本体性知识B.条件性知识C.实践性知识D.文化知识答案：A解析：解析：“学高为师”“良师必须是学者”强调的是本体性知识，也就是精深的学科专业知识对教师专业发展的重要性。
4．素质教育的主渠道和教育改革的原点是（）。
A.家庭教育B.教师培训C.课外活动D.课堂教学答案：D解析：课堂教学是素质教育的主渠道，也是教育改革的原点，是学校建设的中心。
5．“学高为师”“良师必须是学者”，强调哪一类知识对教师专业发展的重要性？（）A.本体性知识 B.条件性知识 C.实践性知识 D.文化知识答案：A解析：本体性知识是指可以直接传授给学生的学科知识以及与学科知识有密切关系的其他文化知识。
“学高为师”“良师必须是学者”，正是强调了此类知识。
临床执业医师四单元全真模拟试卷1.某患者，57岁，2小时前与人发生争吵后，突然出现剧烈头痛、呕吐、意识障碍等表现，入院后CT检查提示蛛网膜下腔高密度影。
对于本病最常见的病因应想到A.动脉瘤B.血管畸形C.烟雾病D.颅内肿瘤E.垂体卒中【正确答案】A【答案解析】蛛网膜下腔出血最常见的病因应想到颅内有动脉瘤，约占本病的50～80%，脑血管畸形则多见于青年人，约占10%，其他原因占10%。
2.32岁男性，17岁时起病，走路不稳，偏向一侧，双手震颤，眼睛看不清字，成绩下降，25岁时出现癫痫大发作，27岁逐渐出现精神异常，吵闹不休，打人骂人砸东西，时有自言自语，随地大小便，吐字不清，流口水，患者妹妹有相同病史。
查：意识清楚，兴奋躁动，傻笑，思维贫乏，智力低下，行为紊乱，血清铜氧化酶低于正常，有K-F环，肝脏B超呈轻度结节性硬化，该患者诊断为A.精神分裂症B.癫痫所致精神障碍C.早老性痴呆D.肝豆状核变性所致精神障碍E.匹克病【正确答案】D【答案解析】血清铜氧化酶低于正常，有K-F环，肝脏B超呈轻度结节性硬化：支持肝豆状核变性的诊断，因此选D。
3.初产妇，28岁，因“停经40周，腹痛1天”入院。
入院查体：可触及宫缩，持续40秒，间歇3～4分钟，肛诊：宫口开大4cm，先露平棘，胎心胎动好。
1）对该产妇的判断，错误的是A.已临产B.已规律宫缩C.已进入潜伏期D.已进入活跃期E.已进入第一产程【正确答案】C【答案解析】潜伏期是指从临产出现规律宫缩至宫口扩张3cm。
此期间扩张速度较慢，平均2～3小时扩张1cm，需8小时，最大时限16小时。
4.早产儿，男性，体重1450g，人工喂养。
出生后6天出现腹胀，伴有呕吐，呕吐物中含有胆汁，继而出现腹泻，有黏液血便。
查体：T38℃，腹膨隆，叩诊鼓音，腹部未触及包块，肠鸣音弱。
为明确诊断需进行一系列检查。
1)此时下列检查哪项是不适宜的A.化验血常规B.大便培养C.X线腹部平片D.腹部B超E.钡灌肠造影【正确答案】E【答案解析】钡灌肠造影可引起肠穿孔，故应禁做。
2023年系统架构设计师考试模拟练习题及答案模拟练习题（一）以下关于软件开发方法的叙述，错误的是（）。
A.对于较为复杂的应用问题，适合采用形式化方法进行需求分析B.形式化方法的优势在于能够精确地表述和研究应用问题及其软件实现C.净室软件工程将正确性验证作为发现和排除错误的主要机制D.净室软件工程强调统计质量控制技术，包括对客户软件使用预期的测试【解析】正确答案：A。
软件开发方法是指软件开发过程所遵循的办法和步骤，从不同的角度可以对软件开发方法进行不同的分类。
形式化方法是一种具有坚实数学基础的方法，从而允许对系统和开发过程做严格处理和论证，适用于那些系统安全级别要求极高的软件的开发。
形式化方法的主要优越性在于它能够数学地表述和研究应用问题及软件实现。
但是它要求开发人员具备良好的数学基础。
用形式化语言书写的大型应用问题的软件规格说明往往过于细节化，并且难以为用户和软件设计人员所理解。
由于这些缺陷，形式化方法在目前的软件开发实践中并未得到普遍应用。
净室软件工程（Cleanroom Software Engineering，CSE）是软件开发的一种形式化方法，可以开发较高质量的软件。
它使用盒结构规约进行分析和建模，并且将正确性验证作为发现和排除错误的主要机制，使用统计测试来获取认证软件可靠性所需要的信息。
CSE强调在规约和设计上的严格性，还强调统计质量控制技术，包括基于客户对软件的预期使用测试。
模拟练习题（二）结构化布线系统分为六个子系统，其中水平子系统（）。
A.由各种交叉连接设备以及集线器和交换机等设备组成B.连接了干线子系统和工作区子系统，C.由终端设备到信息插座的整个区域组成D.实现各楼层设备间子系统之间的互连【解析】正确答案：B。
水平子系统是指的，从楼层管理间到信息插口这一段，它连接了垂直干线子系统与工作区子系统。
模拟练习题（三）以下关于网络控制的叙述，正确的是（）。
A.由于TCP的窗口大小是固定的，所以防止拥塞的方法只能是超时重发B.在前向纠错系统中，当接收端检测到错误后就要请求发送端重发出错分组C.在滑动窗口协议中，窗口的大小以及确认应答使得可以连续发送多个数据D.在数据报系统中，所有连续发送的数据都可以沿着预先建立的虚通路传送【解析】正确答案：C。
大学英语四级阅读模拟题及答案阅读1空调的危害Although many of us may feel air-conditioners bring relief from hot,humid or polluted outside air,they pose many potential health hazards.Much research has looked at how the movement of air inside a closed environment---such as an office building---can spread disease or expose people in the building to harmful chemicals.One of the more widely publicized dangers is that of Legionnaire’s disease,which was first recognized inthe1970s.This was found to have affected people in buildings with air-conditioning systems in which warmair pumped out of the system’cooling towers was somehow sucked back into the air intake(通风口),in mostcases due to poor design.The warm air,filled with bacteria,was combined with cooled,conditioned air andwas then circulated around various parts of the building. Studies showed that even people outside such buildings were at risk if they walked past air exhaust pipes.Large air-conditioning systems add water to the air they circulate by means of humidifiers(湿度调节器).Inolder systems,the water used for this process is kept in special reservoirs,the bottoms of which providebreeding grounds for bacteria which can find their way into the ventilation (通风)system.The risk to human health from this situation has been highlighted by the fact that the immune systems(免疫系统)of approximately half of workers in air-conditioned office buildings have developed the ability to fight off the organisms found at the bottom of system reservoirs. But chemicals called“biocides”are added to reservoirs to make them germ-free,and they are dangerous in their own right in sufficient quantities,as they often contain compounds strongly linked to cancers.Finally,it should be pointed out that the artificial climatic environment created byair-conditioners canalso affect us.In a natural environment,whether indoor or outdoor,there are small variations in temperature and humidity.Indeed,the human body has long been accustomed to these normal changes.In an air-conditioned living or working environment,however,body temperatures remain well under37℃,our normal temperature.This leads to a weakened immune system and thus greater exposure to diseases such as colds and flu.练习题：Choose correct answers to the question:1.What do we know about Legionnaire's disease from the passage?A.It was the most widely concerned office hazard.B.It can affect people both inside and outside the building.C.It happens only in air-conditioned office buildings.D.It does not develop in well-designed buildings.2.In the old air-conditioned systems,bacteria first develop______.A.in the reservoirsB.in the ventilation systemc.in the humidifiersD.in the air intake3.The fact that about half of workers developed the ability to fight off the bacteria may__.A.relieve people’s worry about the danger caused by the bacteriaB.help people find an effective way to get rid of the bacteriaC.reflect the serious danger brought by the bacteriaD.cause serious disease such as cancers to people4.The author most probably wants the readers to treat biocides with an attitude of_.A.cautionB.trustC.enthusiasmD.criticism5.The last paragraph implies that our immune system can be weakened when_•A.we live in an artificial climatic environmentB.there are variations in temperature and humidityC.our body temperatures often remain not high enoughD.we are often exposed to diseases such as colds and flu答案解析：1.[B]事实细节题。
实用英语交际职业技能等级考试实用初级模拟题四摘要：I.引言- 介绍实用英语交际职业技能等级考试实用初级模拟题四II.考试内容概述- 听力理解- 词汇与语法- 阅读理解- 翻译- 写作III.各部分考试内容详解- 听力理解- 题目类型及应试技巧- 考试内容实例- 词汇与语法- 题目类型及应试技巧- 考试内容实例- 阅读理解- 题目类型及应试技巧- 考试内容实例- 翻译- 题目类型及应试技巧- 考试内容实例- 写作- 题目类型及应试技巧- 考试内容实例IV.总结与建议- 针对考试各部分的复习建议- 提高实用英语交际职业技能的方法正文：【引言】实用英语交际职业技能等级考试实用初级模拟题四旨在帮助考生全面了解实用英语交际职业技能等级考试实用初级考试的内容及题型，为考生提供应试指导和技巧。
【考试内容概述】实用英语交际职业技能等级考试实用初级模拟题四涵盖了听力理解、词汇与语法、阅读理解、翻译和写作五个方面。
通过对各部分内容的深入解析，考生可以更好地掌握考试要点，提高应试能力。
【各部分考试内容详解】1.听力理解- 题目类型：短对话、长对话、短文听写、听力填空等。
- 应试技巧：提前熟悉题型，多做练习，注意捕捉关键信息。
- 考试内容实例：请参考模拟题四中的听力部分。
2.词汇与语法- 题目类型：选择题、填空题等。
- 应试技巧：掌握常用词汇和语法规则，积累常用短语和句型。
- 考试内容实例：请参考模拟题四中的词汇与语法部分。
3.阅读理解- 题目类型：事实细节题、推理判断题、主旨大意题等。
- 应试技巧：提高阅读速度，掌握文章结构，注意寻找文章主旨。
- 考试内容实例：请参考模拟题四中的阅读理解部分。
4.翻译- 题目类型：英汉互译、汉英互译等。
- 应试技巧：熟悉翻译技巧，积累常用短语和句型，注意语法和词汇的准确性。
- 考试内容实例：请参考模拟题四中的翻译部分。
5.写作- 题目类型：书信、便条、通知、报告等。
- 应试技巧：了解各类应用文的写作格式，注意行文逻辑和语言表达。
教育教学知识与能力模拟卷（四）一、单选题（共20道题，每题2分）1.学校教育活动包括教育者、受教育者、教育影响三个基本要素，下面关于三要素地位及其相互关系说法错误的是（）。
A.教育者在教育活动中发挥着主导者的作用B.受教育者在教育活动中居于主体地位C.教育影响是连接教育者与受教育者的纽带或者中介D.教育者是受教育者选择和施加教育影响的对象2.“故古之王者，建国君民，教学为先。
”《学记》中这句话这表明了（）。
A.教育与经济的关系B.教育与科技的关系C.教育与政治的关系D.教育与人口的关系3.三年级二班的朝朝在家里总是会用“我们老师就是这样做的”这句话来反驳爸爸和妈妈。
学生这种心理特征决定了教师的劳动具有（）。
A.间接性B.复杂性C.示范性D.创造性4.自2月份以来，某实验小学坚持开展“每月大事件”和“每月明星”的评比活动，被评比上的同学照片被贴在学校宣传栏上。
某实验中学运用了（）。
A.实践锻炼法B.陶冶教育法C.品德评价法D.自我指导修养法5.我国现代学制的建立从清末开始，经历了复杂的过程，其发展顺序是（）。
A.癸卯学制——壬寅学制——壬子癸丑学制——壬戌学制B.壬寅学制——壬子癸丑学制——壬戌学制——癸卯学制C.壬寅学制——癸卯学制——壬子癸丑学制——壬戌学制D.壬寅学制——癸卯学制——壬戌学制——壬子癸丑学制6.体育课上，娜娜突然中暑，双腿发软，脸色苍白，感到恶心、头痛并伴随有呕吐。
体育老师采取的措施不正确的是（）。
A.将娜娜搬到阴凉通风的地方躺下并按压心脏胸外B.用浸湿的冷毛巾敷在娜娜头部、腋下并用凉水擦身C.给娜娜服用人丹、十滴水、藿香正气水等药物D.命令其他学生立即中止锻炼，到阴凉通风处休息7.哥白尼提出了日心说，否定了教会维护权威的地心说，因此遭到了火刑，但这并没有阻止后人对真理孜孜不倦的追求，这种动力来源于（）。
A.道德感B.理智感C.美感D.责任感8.小凡瞥了一眼公告牌，然后又迅速地将视线移开。
（四）同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语（英语）水平全国统一考试模拟练习题四Paper One 试卷一（90minutes）PartⅠ Dialogue Communication (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 for each) Section A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1. A: Hi Mary. How are you?B: ____________I didn't sleep last night. The people upstairs were making a lot of noise till very late.A．Fine, thank you. And you?B．I'm feeling a bit out of sorts this morning.C．As usual.D．I slept like a log and didn't want to get out of bed.2. A: Would you mind my opening the window?B: __________.A. Yes, please.B. Yes, as you like.C. No, please don’t.D. No, not at all.3. A: Could you bring the price down a little? B: __________.A. No way. There’s no bargain hereB. Not at all. The bag is already very cheapC. No, the price cannot go down any moreD. I’m sorry, but I’m afraid I can’t4. A: ____________?B: Yes, I’ll have a beefsteak.A. Excuse me. Are you ready to order now?B. Excuse me, but are you alone?C. What do you want to order, sir?D. Please hurry up, sir.5. A: __________.B: Thank you, I will.A. Don’t forget to bring me the bookB. Please remember me to your dadC. Let me help you with your EnglishD. How beautiful you are today.Section B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the 4 choices by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.6. Woman: I’m sorry. Our Internet bar is closing in twenty minutes. Weopen again at 8 a.m.Man: But my paper is due tonight!Question: What is the man’s problem?A. He must do eight more papers.B. He must stop to have dinner.C. He must finish his paper before morning.D. He cannot come back the next morning.7. Man: I cannot make a decision whether to buy a new computer or towait for another 8 months.Woman: Oh, go for it. If you wait for the next most powerful chip, you could be waiting forever.Question: What does the woman suggest?A. Get a new computer at once.B. Make his own decision.C. Keep his current one.D. Wait for computers with more powerful chips.8. Woman: I’d like to cash a check, please. I have an account here. Man: Fine. Wait a moment, please.Question: Where did this conversion most probably happen?A. At a post office.B. In the hospital.C. At a bank.D. In a hotel.9. Woman: Mansfield bought another new car yesterday.Man: He burns a hole in his pocket.Question: What does the man mean?A. Mansfield is very poor.B. Mansfield is very fashion.C. Mansfield is very wasteful.D. Mansfield likes to burn holes everywhere.10. Man: Thank Goodness, party held yesterday was terrific.Woman: Thank Marge. He was the real backroom boy.Question: What can we learn from the dialogue?A. Marge did a lot for the party’s success.B. Yesterday’s party was not very good.C. Marge was only a baby boy.D. The woman believed in Marge.Part II Vocabulary (20 minutes, 10 points, 0.5 for each)Section ADirections:In this section, there are 10 sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.11. Sometimes the messages are conveyed through deliberate “consciousgestures”, other times; our bodies talk without our even knowing it. A. definite B. intentionalC. interactiveD. delicate12. Initial reports were that multiple waves of warplanes bombed centralBaghdad, hitting oil refineries and the airport.A .beating B. knockingC. hurtingD. striking13. it’s a sheer waste of time to argue with such a fool.A .a complete B. an onlyC. a surelyD. absolutely14. The weather has completely wrecked our plans.A .changed B. postponedC. spoiledD. revised15. Nearly eleven thousand people have been arrested for defying the banon street trading.A. criticizingB. neglectingC. blamingD. disclosing16. The interior of its cylinder was damaged when the racing car crossedthe desert.A. coverB. designC. insideD. make up17. The bank robber was committed to three-year imprisonment.A. filedB. sentencedC. placedD. charged18. The terrible weather is regarded as a feasible excuse for the slowprogress in oil drilling.A. probableB. practicalC. usefulD. effective19. Very young children with no reading experience nay astound theirparents with the first words they read, such as a department store sign announcing Big Sale.A. amazeB. fascinateC. conveyD. dismay20. Her intrinsic worth would not be affected by the vicious lies that weretold about her.A. inherentB. initiativeSection BDirections: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.21. He tried to ______ the readers by plagiarizing from the work ofanother writer.A. cheatB. deceiveC. trickD. abduct22. Many people proposed that a national committee be formed to discuss______to existing mass transit systems.A. substitutesB. measuresC. duplicatesD. alternatives23. He has a ______ of closing his eyes when he tells a story.A. customB. practiceC. habitudeD. habit24. The girl ______ her tablemate's arm to see if she was fast asleep atclass.A. pinchedB. punched25. Of the 1,200 million people who call themselves Chinese，______ avery small number speak what is referred to as standard Chinese.A. none butB. but forC. all butD. but then26. Participants in the Shanghai Cooperation Forum ______ regional teamwork to promote investment and economic development.A. cursedB. echoedC. bouncedD. hailed27. Most scientists agree this outpouring contributes to global warming,which could eventually lead to coastal flooding , ______ weather，and widespread crop lossA. intensiveB. extremeC. unpleasingD. unique28. He is believed to have been shot by a rival gang in______ for theshootings last weekA. revengeB. reserveC. reverseD. remedial29. During his two-month stay in China, Tom never______ a chance topractice his Chinese.A. passed onB. passed upC. passed byD. passed out30. They want to stimulate economic growth in the region by offering______ to foreign investors.A. incentivesB. abundancesC. warriorsD. outnumbersPart ⅢReading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 for each) Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 6 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneThe evidence for harmony may not be obvious in some families. But it seems that four out of five young people now get on with their parents, which is the opposite of the popularly held image of unhappy teenagers locked in their room after endless family quarrels.An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly shows that their family life is more harmonious than it has ever been in the past. “We were surprised by just how po sitive today’s young people see m to be about their families,” said o ne member of the research team. “they’re expected to be rebellious and selfish but actually they have other thingson their minds; they want a car and material goods, and they worry about whether school is serving them well. There’s more negotiation and discussion between parents and children, and children expect to take part in the family decision-making pro cess. They don’t want to rock the boat.” So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago to treat their children as friends. “My parents are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me,” says 17-years-old Daniel Lazall. “I always tell them when I’m going out clubbing. As long as they know what I’m doing, they’re fine with it.” Susan Crome, who is now 21, agrees, “Looking back on the last 10 years, there was a lot of what you could call negotiation. For example, as long as I’d done all my homework, I could go out on a Saturday night. But I think my grandparents were a lot stricter with my parents than that.” Maybe this positive view of family life should not be unexpected. It is possible that the idea of teenagers’ rebellion is not rooted in real facts. A researcher comments, “Our surprise that teenagers say they get along well with their parents comes because of a brief period in out social history when teenagers were regarded as different beings. But that idea of rebelling and breaking away from their parents really only happened during that one time in the 1960s when everyone rebelled. The normal situation throughout history has been a smooth change from helping out with the family business to ta king it over.”31. What is the popular image of teenagers today?A. They worry about schoolB. They dislike living with their parentsC. They have to be locked in to avoid troublesD. They quarrel a lot with other family members32. The study shows that t eenagers don’t want to ___A. share family responsibilityB. cause trouble in their familiesC. go boating with their familyD. make family decisions33. Compared with parents of 30 years age, today’s parents___.A. go to clubs more often with their childrenB. are much stricter with their childrenC. care less about their children’s lifeD. give their children more freedom34. According to the author, teenage rebellion____.A. may be a false beliefB. is common nowadaysC. existed only in the 1960sD. resulted from changes in families35. What is the passage mainly about?A. Negotiation in familyB. Education in familyC. Harmony in familyD. Teenage trouble in family36. Which of the following is true?A. Young people often lock themselves after quarrels with familymembers.B. Current family life is more harmonious than past because of currenteducation.C. Parents have a wrong belief about their children all the time.D. The research shows that children want to join family activities andbecome a decision maker.Passage TwoWhat happens to a teenage kid when the world he thought he knew suddenly changes? Find out in Little Brother by American author Cory Doctorow．It is a fascinating book for a new generation of sci-fi readers．Marcus Yallow, 17, from San Francisco is much more comfortable in front of a computer than obeying the rules of society．Smart, fast and wise to the ways of the networked world, he has no trouble outwitting his high school's monitoring system．This way he and his friends get to head off to play a popular online game in real life．While they are playing, a bomb explodes on the Bay Bridge．Marcusstops a military vehicle to get help for his injured friend, but this simple act throws him into a Department of Homeland Security （DHS）secret prison．There he is treated as a possible terrorist．He is eventually let go after four days, but his injured friend disappears．When he returns, Marcus discovers that there are many "security measures" in place and that now all citizens are treated like potential terrorists．While some consider this government action necessary for public safety, Marcus sees this as a complete destruction of the rights he is supposed to have as a citizen．He knows that no one will believe his story, which leaves him with only one thing to do: to take down the DHS himself．He helps organize a large network called Xnet to spread the truth, anonymously．The book presents a young man who is irresponsible, but learns about himself, and grows, in the course of the story．As part of this learning and growing he becomes aware of very serious issues about his society．37. What kind of article does this passage belong to?A. A fascinating story．B. A book review．C. News reportD. A TV program38. The underlined word destruction in the passage means ．A. damageB. rewardC. ruinD. protection39. Marcus Yallow was sent to prison because ．A. he killed his friendB. he bombed a military vehicleC. he did something that a possible terrorist could doD. his injured friend disappeared40. From the second paragraph we can infer that ．A. Marcus Yallow is much more comfortable obeying the rules of society.B. Marcus Yallow is smart, fast and wise in real life.C. Marcus Yallow always plays online games in real life.D. Marcus Yallow is expert at the network world.41. In the end of the book, Marcus Yallow ．A. is supposed to be more irresponsibleB. becomes aware of very serious issues about his societyC. presents a young man who is irresponsibleD. plays a popular online game in real life42. Which of the following is true?A. Marcus told everyone his story to make people believe him.B. He works at DHS.C. The only thing he can do is spread the truth through network.D. This book will be popular after publishing.Passage ThreeWhen an emergency situation occurs, observers are more likely to takeaction if there are few or no other witnesses．This phenomenon is referred to as the bystander effect．The bystander effect is also called the Genovese effect, which is named after Catherine “Kitty" Genovese, a young woman who was cruelly murdered on March 13, 1964．Early in the morning, 28-year-old Genovese was returning home from work．As she approached her apartment entrance, she was attacked and stabbed by a man later identified as Winston Moseley．Despite Genovese's repeated cries for help, none of the dozen or so people in the nearby apartment building who heard her cries called police for help．The attack first began at 3:20, but it was not until 3:50 that someone first contacted police．Many psychologists were set thinking by the incident, as well as most Americans．As the conclusion, the bystander effect came out and later proved by a series of studies and experiments．There are two major factors that contribute to the bystander effect．First, the presence of other people creates a division of responsibility．Because there are other observers, individuals do not feel as much pressure to take action, since the responsibility to take action is thought to be shared among all of those present．The second reason is the need to behave in correct and socially acceptable ways．When other observers fail to react, individuals often take this as a signal that a response is not needed or not appropriate．Other researchers have found that onlookers are less likely to take action if the situation is ambiguous．In the case of Kitty Genovese, many of the witnesses reported that they believed that they were witnessing a "lovers' quarrel", and did not realize that the young woman was actually being murdered．43. The bystander effect is also called the Genovese effect because_____a woman surnamed Genovese．A. it somehow caused the murder ofB. its discovery resulted from the murder ofC. it was actually discovered byD. it always makes people think of44. Genovese was murdered ．A. while she was going outB. in her apartmentC. halfway homeD. near her apartment45. Which could NOT have been a possible reason for the neighbors notoffering Genovese help?A. They believed in the bystander effect．B. They thought someone else might help her．C. They didn't think they should help．D. They didn't think she needed help．46. Before deciding to offer help, observers may , accordingto the psychologists．A. wait for sort of a signalB. hesitate and estimate the risk of getting hurtC. want to be sure it's appropriate to reactD. wonder if the victim is worth helping47. The article seems to suggest that, if there had been ________observers, Genovese might not have been murdered．A. noB. fewerC. moreD. braver48. What’s the main idea of the passage?A. introduce bystanders effect to the readers.B. introduce a woman who is murdered.C. people have no responsibility in current society.D. a woman was murdered because of bystanders effect.Passage FourChinese citizens who like to create and use cyber words such as "geilivable" might find a new regulation very "ungeilivable"．The new regulation by the General Administration of Press and Publication last week banned the use of Chinglish words created by citizens for publishing in the Chinese language．"Geilivable", combining the pinyin geili （giving strength）with the English suffix （后缀）for adjectives, literally means "giving power" or "cool"．Different suffixes and prefixes were then added to theword．"Hengeilivable" means "very cool", and "ungeilivable" means "dull, not cool at all"．Cyber language is popular among Chinese citizens, who create Chinglish words to reflect phenomenon in society．One example is "antizen", which refers to college graduates who earn a meager salary and live in small rented apartments, like tiny and laborious ants．David Tool, a professor with the Beijing International Studies University, said it's very interesting to combine Chinese with English to create new words．"English is no longer mysterious to the Chinese people．They can use the language in a flexible way according to their own experiences," Tool said．At the announcement of the regulation by the General Administration of Press and Publication, citizens expressed their concern．"The administration is totally “ungeilivable”, said a citizen named laoda1713．“I know other citizens will shed tears wit h me…it is a good chance to enrich our language”."Language is always developing," said a columnist, Wang Pei. "It needs to be updated to absorb foreign culture and folk wisdom."But an unnamed official with the administration said that, in fact, many senior staff from news media who supported the regulation were worried that years later, the younger generation would forget how to use formal Chinese expressions．The official also pointed out that the regulation wasonly for formal publications in Chinese language, and it only banned Chinglish words in the publication.49. The new regulation by the General Administration of Press andPublication may be aimed at ．A. simplifying the Chinese languageB. limiting the development of languageC. banning the use of ChinglishD. making the citizens more serious50. The underlined word meager in the third paragraph probablymeans ．A. poorB. flexibleC. highD. plentiful51. From this passage we can infer that ．A. the Chinese people like their own language onlyB. the English words are considered informal in ChinaC. nobody in China will support the new regulationD. "geilivable" will be popular among Chinese citizens52. Which may be the title of this passage?A. New regulation is announcedB. Cyber words make language livelyC. Different views about cyber languageD. New phenomenon in China53. On which column of China Daily can you find this passage?A. EntertainmentB. BusinessC. TravelD. Opinion54. Which of the following is true?A. The author is worried about cyber words.B. Young generations don’t know how to use formal Chinese expression.C. Wang Pei support new language rules.D. Cyber language was banned in China.Passage FiveWe have two daughters: Kristen is seven years old and Kelly is four. Last Sunday evening, we invited some people home for dinner. I dressed them nicely for the party, and told them that their job was to join Mommy in answering the door when the bell rang. Mommy would introduce them to the guests, and then they would take the guests' coats upstairs and put them on the bed in the second bedroom.The guests arrived. I introduced my two daughters to each of them. The adults were nice and kind and said how lucky we were to have such good kids.Each of the guests made a particular fuss over Kelly, the younger one, admiring her dress, her hair and her smile. They said she was a remarkable girl to be carrying coats upstairs at her age.I thought to myself that we adults usually make a big “to do” over theyounger one because she's the one who seems more easily hurt. We do it with the best of intentions.But we seldom think of how it might affect the other child. I was a little worried that Kristen would feel she was being ignored. I was about to serve dinner when I realized that she had been missing for twenty minutes.I ran upstairs and found her in the bedroom, crying.I said, "What are you doing, my dear?"She turned to me with a sad expression and said, "Mommy, why don't people like me the way they like my sister? Is it because I 'm not pretty? Is that why they don't say nice things about me as much?"I tried to explain to her, kissing and hugging her to make her feel better. Now, whenever I visit a friend's home, I make it a point to speak to the elder child first.55. What did the parents ask the sisters to do to welcome the guests?A. To introduce themselves to the guestsB. To put away the guests’ coats in another upstairs room.C. To take off the guests’ coats politely.D. To entertain the guests with candies.56. The underlined expression “make a big to do over”(paragraph 4)means ______.A. show much concern aboutB. have a special effect onC. list jobs to be done forD. do good things for57. The guests praised Kelly for carrying coats upstairs because of her______.A. beautiful hairB. pretty clothesC. lovely smileD. young age58. Kristen felt sad and cried because ______.A. the guest gave her more coats to carryB. she didn't look as pretty as KellyC. the guests praised her sister more than herD. her mother didn't introduce her to the guests59. We can conclude from the passage that ______.A. parents should pay more attention to the elder childrenB. the younger children are usually more easily hurtC. people usually like the younger children moreD. adults should treat children equally60. Which of the following is true?A. The younger sister is prettier than the older.B. The author like the older child.C. The guests pay more attention to the young sister to avoid hurting her.D. The older sister hates her sister because of her more compliment.Par t ⅣCloze (15 minutes, 15 points, 1 for each)Directions: In this part, there is a passage with 15 blanks. For each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.Many foreigners who not visited Britain call all the inhabitants English, for they are used to thinking of the British Isles as England.__61__, the British Isles contain a variety of peoples, and only the people of England call themselves English. The others __62__to themselves as Welsh, Scottish, or Irish, __63__the case may be; they are often slightly annoyed at being cla ssified as “English”.Even in England there are many __64__ in regional character and speech. The chief __65__ is between southern England and northern England. South of a __66__ going from Bristol to London, people speak the type of English usually learnt by foreign students, though there are local variations.Further north, regional speech is usually “broader” than that of southern Britain. Northerners are __67__ to claim that they work harder than Southerners, and are more __68__. They are openhearted and hospitable; foreigners often find that they make friends with them __69__. Northerners generally have hearty appetites: the visitor to Lancashire or Yorkshire, for instance, may look forward to receiving generous __70__at meal times.In accent and character the people of the Midlands __71__ a gradual change from the southern to the northern type of Englishman.In Scotland the sound __72__ by the letter “R” is generally a strong sound, and “R” letter is often pronounced in words in which it would be __73__ in southern English. The Scots are said to be a serious, cautious thrifty people, __74__ inventive and somewhat mystical. All the Celtic peoples of Britain (the Welsh, the Irish, and the Scots) are frequently __75__ as being more “fiery” than the English. They are of a race that is quite distinct from the English.61. A. In consequence B. In brief C. In general D. In fact62. A. confine B. attach C. refer D. add63. A. as B. which C. for D. so64. A. similarities B. differences C. certainties D. features65. A. factor B. virtue C. privilege D. division66. A. line B. row C. border D. scale67. A. used B. apt C. possible D. probable68. A. perfect B. notorious C. superior D. thorough69. A. swiftly B. promptly C. immediately D. quickly70. A. helpings B. offerings C. fillings D. findings71. A. represent B. designate C. demonstrate D. reckon72. A. delivered B. denoted C. depicted D. defined73. A. quiet B. obscure C. faint D. silent74. A. rather B. still C. somewhat D. even75. A. rendered B. thought C. impressed D. describedPaper Two(60 minutes)Part I Translation (30 minutes, 20 points, 10 for each section) Section ADirections: Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your translation on th e ANSWER SHEET.If children discover the beauty of nature while they are young, they will respect nature and try to preserve it when they are older. Parents play an essential role in helping their children make this discovery. Although young children are not able to understand the complex relationship of man to his environment, they can be educated in this aspect and learn how to respect nature and gain a simplified understanding of the importance of a healthy ecological environment. Helping children to gain such an appreciation and understanding can be an exciting adventure which is available to all that are willing to explore and use their senses of touch, taste, smell, sight, and hearing.Section BDirections: Translate the following passage into English. Write your translation on th e ANSWER SHEET.为什么工作对健康有好处？因为工作使人忙碌，让人不会感到寂寞、孤独。
