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概要写作(Summary Writing)解析一、概要写作概述：浙江省2018年11月高考中首次出现了概要写作新题型。
相比传统的写作来说，该题型对考生是一个巨大的挑战，是难度较高的写作形式。
(1)任务要求：提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。
所选材料体裁没有限制，以说明文、议论文和记叙文为主。
(2)考查要点：概要写作以语篇为载体，要求考生对所提供的文本进行简要的概括。
考生需要在理解文章、把握文章中心思想的基础上进行信息整合。
故该题型考查学生的综合语言运用能力，即阅读能力、分析查找能力、逻辑思维能力、理解判断能力及概括能力等。
因此，概要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达的，是二者的有机结合体，是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。
(3)评分原则：1．本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。
2．评分时，先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。
3．词数少于40的和多于80的，从总分中减去2分。
4．评分时，应主要从以下四个方面考虑：(1)对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；(2)应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；(3)上下文的连贯性；(4)对各要点表达的独立性情况。
5．拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。
6．如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。
(4)二、样题及分析：阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people，is a good thing. However，there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.In the early 16th century，people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease，as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538，the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV，King of France，was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath，the king ordered that，to avoid the attack of disease，the nobleman should not go out.Though the belief in the merit（好处）of dirt was long-lived，dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century.Scientifically speaking，cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet，it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea：clothes need to be whiter than white，cloths ever softer，surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt，however，gone too far？Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt，which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary，MaryRuebush，an American immunologist（免疫学家）, encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter（后者）position is gaining some ground.(One possible version)Attitudes towards dirt have been changing over time. (要点1) In the 16th century, people believed that dirt on the skin helped protect against disease. (要点2) Since the 18th century, however, people have developed the belief that cleaning away dirt can prevent disease. (要点3)Today, although attitudes to dirt still differ sharply, more and more people choose to believe that playing in the dirt can help build up a strong immune. (要点4) (60 words)参考答案分析：精确地表达了文本所有4个要点，并且对文本的内容进行了归纳、提炼和整合；（2）准确地使用了相应的语法结构和词汇，例如在表达“持有某种观点”这一意思的时候，选用了三个不同的表达方法“believe”，“develop the belief”，“choose to believe”，避免了重复；（3）上下文之间用了恰当的连接词“however”，“although”等，使行文紧凑浑然一体；（4）对文中的要点运用语义转换，完全使用自己的语言来表达；例如要点1用Attitudes towards dirt have been changing代替原文第一段的第二句话there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt；要点2用protect against disease 代替block out against；要点3中用prevent disease代替is good for health；要点4用today代替nowadays，用sharply代替hugely，用more and more people choose to believe 代替gaining some ground；（5）全文60词，非常符合词数要求。
本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ == 新高考作文概要写作summary,writing应用文篇一：高考英语作文(应用文)终极押题模板高考英语作文（应用文）终极押题模板From: Mr Yang应用文是每年高考考查频率最高的体裁之一，其中以书信、电子邮件最为常见。
从内容上看，近几年高考书信写作主要包括致歉信、致谢信、笔友信、慰问信、投诉信、邀请信、介绍信、求职信、读者请求的解答信及其答复读者的信等。
写作时应注意: 格式正确，语言简练地道，语气要因人、因事而异。
模板虽好，但要学会变通。
一、英语书信的常见写作句式（通用型）开头部分：It’s an honor/a pleasure to write this Email to you.How is everything going recently?How nice to hear from you again.Let me tell you something about the ...（activity that will be held this Sunday）I’m glad to have received your letter.I’m pleased to hear that you…(are coming to China for a visit).I’m writing to thank you for your help…(during my stay in America).How time flies!/How is everything going?/I miss you every much.It has been a long time since we last met (since I received your last letter).I hope everything goes well for you and your family.In your last letter, you told me that…(you want to join the sports club, but …)It’s a pleasure to tell you the information that you want to know /to give you some advice that I think is useful to you.中间段：（从句+要点1.2.3.4）注意人称变化As you know/ as I can remember+主句You’d better…, because it is a good way to…You can…when it is convenient to you.Don’t forget to…which is very important/necessary (for your improvement).I think you are supposed to…, I sincerely hope that+宾从，I believe that…省略：例：If possible, please tell me…强调：例：It is your valuable advice that helped me out of the trouble.倒装：例：Only by study hard can your goals be reached结尾部分：With best wishes.I’m looking forward to your reply.I’d appreciate it if you could reply earlier.常见英语应用文写作模板（高级版）通知正文居中：Notice/Announcement；落款（The students’ union）呼语及开场白部分： Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make. 正文部分：（要点1.2.3.4）All the teachers and students are required to attend it. Please take your notebooks and make notes. Please listen carefully and we’ll have a discussion in groups. Please come on time and don’t be late.结束语部分：I’m sure this is a great opportunity this you won’t want to miss.Please come and join in it.Everybody is welcome to attend it. I hop e you’ll have a nice time here.Should you have any questions, please contact…,and we will be more than happy to help you. That’s all. Thank you.投诉信Dear _____________ ,① I am _____________(写信人身份)。
