2005年西南财经大学考博英语真题及详解【圣才出品】

2005年医学博士外语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 2. 3. 4. 5. PartⅢCloze 6. PartⅣReading Comprehension 7. PartⅤWritingSection A听力原文：W: Congratulations! I understand you will be admitted to Peking University. When are you leaving for Beijing?M: You must be thinking of someone else. I’m still waiting to hear.Q: What does the man mean?1．A．He was waiting in the wrong place.B．He won’t have to wait any longer.C．The woman was mistaken.D．The woman should ask somebody else for help.正确答案：C解析：通过男士的话You must be thinking of someone else可知女士是认错人了。

听力原文：M: Hello, this is Jason Smith. I’m calling to see if my urine test results are in.W: Doctor White just sent them to the lab this morning. So the earliest data will be back in tomorrow’s afternoon.Q: What does the woman mean?2．A．The results might be ready tomorrow afternoon.B．The results might be ready tomorrow morning.C．The results will be ready this afternoon.D．The results were back this morning.正确答案：A解析：男士想知道自己的尿检结果，女士告诉他数据最早出来的时间是tomorrow’s afternoon。

西南大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析A report consistently brought back by visitors to the US is how friendly,courteous,and helpful most Americans were to them.To be fair,this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American.There are,of course, exceptions.Small-minded officials,rude waiters,and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US.Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment.Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi.For a long period of time and in many parts of the country,a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence.Dullness and loneliness were common problems of the families who generally lived distant from one another.Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion,and brought news of the outside world.The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality.Someone traveling alone,if hungry,injured,or ill, often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement. It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers.It reflected the harshness of daily life:if you didn't take in the stranger and take care of him, there was no one else who would.And someday,remember,you might be in the same situation.Today there are many charitable organizations which specializein helping the weary traveler.Yet,the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US,especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails.I was just traveling through,got talking with this American,and pretty soon he invited me home for dinner-amazing.Such observations reported by visitors to the US are not uncommon,but are not always understood properly.The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial,but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition.As is true of any developed society,in America a complex set of cultural signals,assumptions,and conventions underlies all social interrelationships.And,of course,speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns.Visitors who fail to translate cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions.For example,when an American uses the word friend,the cultural implications of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitor's language and culture. It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest.Yet,being friendly is a virtue that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers.55.In the eyes of visitors from the outside world,________.（A）rude taxi drivers are rarely seen in the US（B）small-minded officials deserve a serious comment（C）Canadians are not so friendly as their neighbors（D）most Americans are ready to offer help56.It could be inferred from the last paragraph that________.（A）culture exercises an influence over social interrelationship （B）courteous convention and individual interest are interrelated （C）various virtues manifest themselves exclusively among friends （D）social interrelationships equal the complex set of cultural conventions57.Families in frontier settlements used to entertain strangers ________.（A）to improve their hard life（B）in view of their long-distance travel（C）to add some flavor to their own daily life（D）out of a charitable impulse58.The tradition of hospitality to strangers________.（A）tends to be superficial and artificial（B）is generally well kept up in the United States（C）is always understood properly（D）has something to do with the busy tourist trails答案及试题解析55.（D）意为：大部分美国人乐于助人。

2007年西南财经大学考博英语真题及详解Part I Vocabulary(15points,0.5point each)Directions:There are30incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A.B.C and D.Choose the ONE answer that best completes thesentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single pencilline through the center.1.A number of______clients have expressed their interest in our business.A.possibleB.potentialC.originalD.relevant【答案】B【解析】potential潜在的。

possible可能的，可以接受的。

original最初的，原始的。

relevant有关系的。

2.I’m pleased to hear of your job offer—all that hard work at school has obviously______.A.paid offB.taken its tollC.made a differenceD.shown up【答案】A【解析】pay off回报，成功。

take its toll造成损失。

make a difference有很大不同。

showup露面。

3.Based on the______that every business is now free to formulate its own strategy in light of the changing market.I would predict a marked improvement in the efficiency of China’s economy.A.guidanceB.instructionC.premiseD.quantity【答案】C【解析】on the premise that在…的前提下。

考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编20.doc－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编20(总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.It was difficult to see through the ______ fog.（分数：2.00）A.denseB.crowded/doc/ea9fb3a30640be1e650e52ea551810a6f424c811.htmlpressedD.condensed2.Some teenagers harbor a generalized resentment against society, which ______ them the rights and privileges of adults, although physically they are mature.（分数：2.00）A.deprivesB.restrictsC.rejectsD.denies3.A large shop is divided into______.（分数：2.00）A.divisionsB.sectionsC.departmentsD.categories4.Despite technical progress, food production is still completely______on weather.（分数：2.00）A.reliableB.dependableC.dependentD.inseparable5.He claims that advertising today tends to portray women in traditional roles such as cooking or taking care of the baby.(2004年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.depictB.advocateC.criticizeD.analyze6.Baroque has been the term used by art historian for almost a century to______ the dominant style of the period 1600~1750. (2004年西南财经大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.determineB.designateC.deviseD.depict7.Allen will soon find out that real life is seldom as simple as it is ______ in commercials.(2006年中南大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.permeatedB.allegedC.depictedD.drafted8.He knew that the area's rich plant life had been severely______by the huge herds of cows grazing the land.(2013年3月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.depletedB.decomposedC.corrupted9.When the headmaster is away the ______headmaster looks after the school for him.（分数：2.00）A.juniorB.deputyC.authoritativeD.dignified10.I seem to have reached a rather gloomy conclusion, but I think that something cheerful may still be______ from it.（分数：2.00）A.derivedB.extractedC.abstractedD.adapted11.Advanced mammals such as monkeys, apes and humans have brains ______ from ancestors that took to living in the trees.(2004年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.derivedB.progressedC.terminatedD.advanced12.On turning round the comer we saw the road______ steeply.（分数：2.00）A.fallingB.decreasingC.descendingD.lowering13.I want to talk about all these points in______order of importance.(2002年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.decliningB.descendingC.plungingD.falling14.His employer ______ him as lacking in initiative and drive.（分数：2.00）A.accountedB.ascribed/doc/ea9fb3a30640be1e650e52ea551810a6f424c811.htmlmentedD.described15.The soldiers who______ from the army were severely punished.（分数：2.00）A.desertedB.leftC.betrayedD.stayed16.They are taught by their superiors that a soldier who______his post in time of war is to be shot.(2002年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.desertsB.deflectsC.detainsD.threw17.I have devoted four weekends to writing papers and now I feel I ______a rest.（分数：2.00）A.deserveB.preferC.entitle18.The school has been ______ as the meeting place for the evening art club.(2007年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.designedB.designatedC.divertedD.diagnosed19.We're moving to a more ______ neighborhood.（分数：2.00）A.desirousB.desirableC.preferableD.respectful20.Alone in London, without friends, work or money, Shelley fell into______.（分数：2.00）A.despairB.disappointmentC.dissatisfactionD.disgust21.If you call the 911 emergency number, they will______ firemen, policemen, and paramedics immediately.(2002年中国社会科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.assignB.detachC.attachD.dispatch22.A______man will stop at nothing to get what he wants.（分数：2.00）A.distressedB.wretchedC.miserableD.desperate23.We travel from our starting point to our______.（分数：2.00）A.endB.conclusionC.destinationD.terminal24.The bus moved slowly in the thick fog. We arrived al our______ almost two hours later.(2003年上海交通大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.designationB.destinyC.destinationD.dignity25.He was______ to take over the duties and responsibilities of his father from an early age.(2003年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.deducedB.dampedC.diminishedD.destined感谢阅读，欢迎大家下载使用！。

考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编7(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．The apartment was______at $20,000 and its owner was happy about that. (2009年北京航空航天大学考博试题)A．assaultedB．assessedC．assertedD．avenged正确答案：B解析：四个选项的意思分别是：assaulted攻击，突袭；assessed评价，估值；asserted断言，宣称；avenged报仇，复仇。

根据句子意思可知，正确答案是B 选项。

如：The lawyers assessed the property at $35,000(律师们估计这笔财产价值35000美元。

)2．It is too early to ______ the effect of the new measure.(2004年湖北省考博试题)A．administerB．assessC．elevateD．contribute正确答案：B解析：本题意为“评价新措施的影响为时尚早”。

B项的“assess评价，评估”符合题意，如：Damages were assessed at 1,000RMB．(损失估计达1 000元人民币。

)其他三项“administer管理，支配，执行；elevate抬起，使升高；contribute捐献，投稿”都不正确。

3．The nurse ______ the doctor in the operation room.(2003年西南财经大学考博试题)A．insistedB．resistedC．assistedD．persisted正确答案：C解析：本题是说护士在手术室帮助医生。

C项的assisted(帮助)符合题意。

其他三项“insisted坚持；resisted反抗：persisted坚持”都不正确。

2005年春电子科技大学考博英语真题及详解I.Vocabulary(0.5X30)Directions:In each item,identify one of the four choices A,B,C and D that best complete the sentence.Mark your choice on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.1.Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft,rust too easily,or have some other ______.A.bruisesB.blundersC.handicapsD.drawbacks【答案】D【解析】句意：很多纯金属没有多大用途，因为它们太软、太容易生锈，或者有其它缺点。

drawback缺点，弊端。

bruise伤痕，擦伤。

blunder疏忽，错误。

handicap缺陷，不利条件。

2.Some studies confirmed that this kind of eye disease was______in tropic countries.A.prospectiveB.prevalentC.provocativeD.perpetual【答案】B【解析】句意：一些研究证实这种眼疾在热带国家很普遍。

prevalent普遍的，流行的。

prospective可能的，预期的。

provocative煽动的。

perpetual永久的。

3.After several nuclear disasters,a______has raged over the safety of nuclear energy.A.quarrelB.suspicionC.verdictD.controversy【答案】D【解析】句意：几场核灾难引起了对核能源安全问题的争议。

2006年西南财经大学考博英语真题及详解Part I Vocabulary(15points,0.5point each)Directions:There are30incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the ONE answer that best completes thesentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single pencilline through the center.1.“Have you any______plans for your future now that you’ve completed your graduate studies?”A.decisiveB.exactC.preciseD.definite【答案】D【解析】句意：既然已经完成了你的本科学习，你对自己的将来有没有确切的计划？definite明确的，确切的。

decisive决定性的。

exact精确的，精密的。

precise精确的，准确的。

2.By moving the radar beam around slowly in circles,we can______the surroundings.A.exploreB.exposeC.exploitD.expand【答案】A【解析】句意：通过圆周缓慢移动雷达束，我们能够探测周围的环境。

explore探测，探究。

expose揭露，暴露。

exploit开采，剥削。

expand使膨胀，扩张。

3.I am confident that I’ll prove to be a tremendous______to your company.A.possessionB.assetC.propertyD.assumption【答案】B【解析】句意：我很有信心会成为贵公司的骨干。

Passage2交通法则与交通事故From the health point of view we are living in a marvelous age.We are immunized from birth against many of the most dangerous disease.A large number of once fatal illness can now be found for the most stubborn remaining disease.The expectation of life has increased enormously.But though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before,every day we witness the incredible slaughter of them,women and children on the roads.Man versus the motor-car!It is a never-ending battle which man is losing.Thousands of people the world over are killed or horribly killed each year and we are quietly sitting back and letting it happen.It has been rightly said that when a man is sitting behind a steering wheel,his car becomes the extension of his personality.There is no doubt that the motorcar often brings out a man’s very worst qualities.People who are normally quiet and pleasant may become unrecognizable when they are behind steering wheel.They swear they are ill mannered and aggressive willful as two-year-olds and uttering selfish.All their hidden frustrations,disappointments and jealousies seem to the surface by the act of driving.The surprising thing is that the society smiles so gently on the motorist and seems to forgive his convenience.Cities are allowed to become almost uninhabitable because of heavy traffic;towns are made ugly by huge car parks;the countryside is desecrated by road networks;and the mass annual slaughter becomes nothing more than a statistic,to be conveniently forgotten.It is high timea world code were created to reduce this senseless waste of human life.With regard to driving,the laws of some countries are notoriously lax and even the strictest are not strict enough.A code which was universally accepted could only have a dramatically beneficial effect on the accident rate.Here are a few examples of some of the things that might be done.The driving test should be standardized and made for more difficult than it is;all the drivers should be made to take a test every three years or so;the age at which young people are allowed to drive any vehicle should be raised to at least21;all vehicles should be put through strict annual tests for safety.Even the smallest amount of alcohol in the blood can impair a person’s driving ability.Present drinking and driving laws(where they exist)should be made much stricter.Maximum and minimum speed limits should be imposed on all roads. Governments should lay down safety specifications for manufacturers,as has been done in the USA.All advertising stressing power and performance should be banned.These measures may sound inordinately harsh.But surely nothing should be considered as too severe if it results in reducing the annual toll of human life. After all,the world is for human beings not for motorcars.1.The main idea of this passage is______.A.traffic accidents are mainly caused by motoristsB.thousands of people the world over are killed each yearC.the laws of some countries about driving are too laxD.only stricter traffic laws can prevent accidents.2.What does the author think of society toward motorists?A.Society criticizes the motorists severely.B.Huge car parks are built in the cities and towns.C.Society overlooks their rude driving.D.Victims of accidents are nothing.3.Why does the author say:“his car becomes the extension of his personality”?A.Driving can show his real self.B.Driving can show the other part of his personality.C.Driving can bring out his character.D.His car embodies his temper.4.Which of the followings is NOT mentioned as a way against traffic accidents?A.Build more highwaysB.Stricter driving testsC.Test drivers every three yearsD.Raise age limit and lay down safety specifications5.The attitude of the author is______.A.ironicalB.criticalC.appealingitant【答案与解析】1.D作者要表达的中心意思是：只有严格的交通法则才能防止交通事故的发生。

考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编24(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．Before he left for his vacation he went to the bank to______some money.A．pullB．drawC．pickD．gain正确答案：B解析：draw(out)vt．取出，提取(银行存款)；拔出；引起，吸引；推断出(其他三个动词不合句意)。

2．The engine has broken down and the boat is ______.A．driftingB．floatingC．buoyantD．fluctuating正确答案：A解析：drift vi.漂流。

float vi．漂浮。

buoyant a.有浮力的；神采奕奕的。

fluctuating a.起伏的，波动中的。

3．The rain came through the roof and ______from the ceiling.A．droppedB．drippedC．drapedD．fell正确答案：B解析：drip vi．滴下；(一滴一滴地)漏水。

drop v.投下；落下，下降。

drape vi.(旗、布等)成褶皱状下垂。

fall vi.落下，降落；跌倒；下降。

4．I couldn’t sleep last night because the tap in the bathroom was______.(2007年中南大学考博试题)A．spillingB．drippingC．drainingD．dropping正确答案：B解析：动词辨析题。

句子的意思是浴室水龙头的滴水声使我昨夜无法入眠。

spill意为“涌出，溢出”；drip意为“滴落，滴下”，如：Water is dripping from that leaky faucet．(水正从漏水的笼头滴下来。

考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编23(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．Colour-blind people often find it difficult to ______ between blue and green.A．separateB．contrastC．compareD．distinguish正确答案：D解析：distinguish v.区别，辨别，区分(句型：distinguish between A and B：distinguish A from B：distinguish two things apart．)。

separate v.(使)分开，(使)分离(句型：separate two things：separate one from the other)。

contrast vt．对比，对照；vi.与……形成对比，对比之下显出区别(句型：contrast A and B；A contrasts with B)。

compare vt．比较．对照：比拟为(句型：compare A and B：compare A with B 将A与B作比较：compare A to B把A比作B)。

2．Colour-blind people often find it difficult to ______ between blue and green. (2003年西南财经大学考博试题)A．separateB．compareC．distinguishD．contrast正确答案：C解析：本题是说色盲的人常常发现很难辨别蓝色和绿色。

distinguish的意思是“区别，辨”;separate的意思是“分开，隔离”；compare的意思是“比较”；contrast的意思是“对比”。

四个选项中只有C项符合题意。

2005年秋电子科技大学考博英语真题及详解I.Vocabulary(0.5×30)Directions:In each item of the following,choose one from A,B,C,or D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence if it is substituted for the underlined word(s).Mark your choice on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil.1.In easy times we are ambivalent—the leader,after all,makes demands,challenges the status quo,shakes things up.A.vague;carries out reformsB.uncertain;effects radical changesC.hesitant;establishes authorityD.indifferent;puts things in good order【答案】B【解析】ambivalent矛盾的，好恶相克的；shake things up指彻底改变形势。

所以选项B 中uncertain，effects radical changes分别与之对应。

2.Greet leaders are almost always great simplifiers,who cut through argument,debate and doubt to offer a solution everybody can understand and remember.A.do away withB.bring to an endC.sum upD.resolve【答案】B【解析】cut through穿过；克服，避开；不理睬，剪断；这里指“避免争论和怀疑”。

2005年全国职称英语等级考试（综合类B级）真题及详解第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1. It is obvious that he will win the game.A. likelyB. possibleC. clearD. probable【答案】C【解析】句意：很明显，他会赢得这场比赛。

obvious为形容词，意为“显而易见的，明显的”，同义词为clear“清楚的”。

likely，possible，probable都有“可能”之意。

因此，本题的正确答案为C。

2. The earth moves around the sun.A. beforeB. roundC. afterD. over【答案】B【解析】句意：地球绕着太阳转。

around在此为介词，意为“围绕，周围”，与round 同义。

因，本题的正确答案为B。

before意为“在…以前”；after意为“在…以后”；over 意为“在…上面”。

3. Did anyone call when l was out?A. everyoneB. someoneC. nobodyD. anybody【答案】D【解析】句意：我不在时有人给我打电话吗？anyone意为“任何人”，用于否定句和疑问句中，与anybody同义，可以互换。

因此，本题的正确答案为D。

everyone意为“每个人”；someone意为“某人”；nobody意为“没有人”。

4. It took us a long time to mend the house.A. buildB. destroyC. designD. repair【答案】D【解析】句意：我们花了很长时间来修房子。

mend在此为动词，意为“修理”，与repair 同义。

Passage10当过CEO的政府官员政绩不佳Harry Truman didn’t think his successor had the right training to be president.“Poor Ike—it won’t be a bit like the Army,”he said.“He’ll sit there all day saying‘do this,do that,’and nothing will happen.”Truman was wrong about Ike. Dwight Eisenhower had led a fractious alliance—you didn’t tell Winston Churchill what to do—in a massive,chaotic war.He was used to politics.But Truman’s insight could well be applied to another,even more venerated Washington figure: the CEO—turned cabinet secretary.A20-year bull market has convinced us all that CEOs are geniuses,so watch with astonishment the troubles of Donald Rumsfeld and Paul O’Neill.Here are two highly regarded businessmen,obviously intelligent and well-informed, foundering in their jobs.Actually,we shouldn’t be surprised.Rumsfeld and O’Neill are not doing badly despite having been successful CEOs but because of it.The record of senior businessmen in government is one of almost unrelieved disappointment.In fact, with the exception of Robert Rubin,it is difficult to think of a CEO who had a successful career in government.Why is this?Well,first the CEO has to recognize that he is no longer the CEO. He is at best an adviser to the CEO,the president.But even the president is not really the CEO.No one is.Power in a corporation is concentrated and vertically structured.Power in Washington is diffuse and horizontally spread out.Thesecretary might think he’s in charge of his agency.But the chairman of the congressional committee funding that agency feels the same.In his famous study “Presidential Power and the Modern Presidents,”Richard Neustadt explains how little power the president actually has and concludes that the only lasting presidential power is“the power to persuade.”Take Rumseld’s attempt to transform the cold-war military into one geared for the future.It’s innovative but deeply threatening to almost everyone in Washington.The Defense secretary did not try to sell it to the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Congress,the budget office of the White House.As a result,the idea is collapsing.Second,what power you have,you must use carefully.For example,O’Neill’s position as Treasury secretary is one with little formal authority.Unlike Finance ministers around the world,Treasury does not control the budget.But it has symbolic power.The secretary is seen as the chief economic spokesman for the administration and,if he plays it right,the chief economic adviser for the president.O’Neill has been publicly critical of the IMF’s bailout packages for developing countries while at the same time approving such packages for Turkey, Argentina and Brazil.As a result,he has gotten the worst of both worlds.The bailouts continue,but their effect in holstering investor confidence is limited because the markets are rattled by his skepticism.Perhaps the government doesn’t do bailouts well.But that leads to a third rule:you can’t just quit.Jack Welch’s famous law for re-engineering General Electric was to be first or second in any given product category,or else get out ofthat business.But if the government isn’t doing a particular job at peak level,it doesn’t always have the option of relieving itself of that function.The Pentagon probably wastes a lot of money.But it can’t get out of the national-security business.The key to former Treasury secretary Rubin’s success may have been that he fully understood that business and government are,in his words,“necessarily and properly very different.”In a recent speech he explained,“Business functions around one predominate organizing principle,ernment,on the other hand,deals with a vast number of equally legitimate and often potentially competing objectives—for example,energy production versus environmental protection,or safety regulations versus productivity.”Rubin’s example shows that talented people can do well in government if they are willing to treat it as its own separate,serious endeavour.But having been bathed in a culture of adoration and flattery,it’s difficult for a CEO to believe he needs to listen and learn,particularly from those despised and poorly paid specimens,politicians,bureaucrats and the media.And even if he knows it intellectually,he just can’t live with it.1.For a CEO to be successful in government,he has to______.A.regard the president as the CEOB.take absolute control of his departmentC.exercise more power than the congressional committeeD.become acquainted with its power structure2.In commenting on O’Neill’s record as Treasury Secretary,the passage seems to indicate that______.A.O’Neill has failed to use his power wellB.O’Neill policies were well receivedC.O’Neill has been consistent in his policiesD.O’Neill uncertain about the package he’s approved3.According to the passage,the differences between government and business lie in the following areas EXCEPT______.A.nature of activityB.option of withdrawalC.legitimacy of activityD.power distribution4.The author seems to suggest that CEO-turned government officials______.A.are able to fit into their new rolesB.are unlikely to adapt to their new rolesC.can respond to new situations intelligentlyD.may feel uncertain in their new posts【答案与解析】1.D A项是视总统为CEO，这与原文第四段中“But even the president is not really theCEO.”是不符的；B项也不合题意，因为“Power in Washington is diffuse and horizontally spread out.”(政府权力是分散的，是水平分布的。

考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编49(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．If you want to go to the concert, you’ll have to make a______, or there will be no tickets. (2003年上海交通大学考博试题)A．reservationB．punctualityC．complimentD．clarity正确答案：A解析：本题空格处是说你得预定。

A项的“reservation预约，预定”符合题意。

2．One of the most interesting inhabitants of our world is the bee, an insect which is indigenous to all parts of the globe except the polar regions.(2003年电子科技大学考博试题)A．residentsB．petsC．intimatesD．creatures正确答案：A解析：本题中，inhabitant的意思是“居民”。

四个选项中，residents的意思是“居民”，如：City residents complain that migrant workers have threatened to take already scarge urban jobs．(城市居民抱怨民工威胁着本来已很紧张的城市就业机会。

)pets的意思是“宠物”；intimates的意思是“亲密伙伴”；creatures的意思是“人，动物，傀儡”。

只有A项符合题意。

3．They seized Belgrade, though only after having encountered a stubborn______.A．resistanceB．oppositionC．challengeD．attack正确答案：A解析：resistance(to)n．抵抗，反抗，抵制：抵抗力；阻力．电阻(如：There has been much resistance to the new law．Copper has less resistance to electricity than many other metals．)。

Passage1泰坦尼克号与珍珠港Moviegoers may think history is repeating itself this weekend.The summer’s most anticipated film,Pearl Harbor,which has opened recently,painstakingly recreates the Japanese attack that drew the United States into World War II.But that isn’t the film’s only reminder of the past.Harbor invites comparison to Titanic,the biggest hit of all time.Like Titanic,Harbor heaps romance and action around a major historical event.Like Titanic,Harbor attempts to create popular global entertainment from a deadly real-life.Like Titanic,Harbor costs a pretty penny and hopes to get in even more at the box office.Both Titanic and Pearl Harbor unseal their tales of love and tragedy over more than three hours.Both stories center on young passion,triangles of tension with one woman and two men.In Titanic,Leonardo DiCaprio and Billy Zane compete for the love of the same woman,a high-society type played by a British actress named Kate（Winslet）.In Harbor,two pilots（Ben Affelek,Josh Hartnett）fall for the same woman,a nurse played by a British actress named Kate（Beckinsale）.The scenes of peril also have similarities.Harbor has a shot in which soldiers cling for dear life as the battleship USS Oklahoma capsizes.The moment is recalled of the Titanic’s climactic sinking scene in which DiCaprio and Winslet hang from the ocean liner as half of the ship vertically plunges into the water.In Harbor,one of its stars floats a piece of debris in the middle of the night,much like Winslet’s character does in Titanic.And the jaw-dropping action of Titanic is matched by Harbor’s40-minute recreation of Dec.7,1941attack on the United States’Pacific Fleet.Both films spent heavily on special effects.Harbor director,Michael Bay,for example,said he kept salaries down,so more could be spent on the visuals.Both movies’shot events and their ship-sinking scenes were completed at the same location,Fox Studios Baja in Mexico.Harbor’s makers have even taken a Titanic-like approach to the soundtrack. The film includes one song,There You’ll be,performed by country music superstar Faith Hill.Titanic,which is one of the best-selling soundtracks of all time, also had only one pop song:Celine Dion’s My Heart Will Go On.“If Harbor becomes a major moneymaker,filmmakers may comb history books searching for even more historical romance-action material,”said a critic.1.What are the two things that the author of this article tries to compare?A.The attack on Pearl Harbor and the sinking of the Titanic.B.Historical fiction movies and successful box office hits.C.The movie Titanic and the on-show movie Pearl Harbor.D.Sinking boats and famous actors.2.What does the phrase“cost a pretty penny”in the first paragraph mean?A.To be very attractiveB.To cost a lotC.To have big box office returnsD.To require a lot of effort to accomplish3.It is said in the passage that______.A.major historical events can never repeat themselvesB.both Titanic and Pearl Harbor are the historical reappearanceC.Pearl Harbor may have a better box office return than TitanicD.Titanic is the most successful film in history4.Pearl Harbor and Titanic are similar in all the following aspects EXCEPT______.A.both spent large amount of money on special effectsB.both have soundtracks starring a major pop starC.both added made-up stories to historical eventsD.both are documentary movies of historical events5.If Pearl Harbor is as successful as Titanic,which of the following movies might we see next?A.The Battle of Waterloo.B.The Adventures of Mr.Bean.C.Space Invaders.D.The Haunted House.【答案与解析】1.C文章中多处表达证明本题的正确答案是C。

西南财经大学1999年研究生考试西方经济学（全部试题）课程名称：西方经济学适用专业：西方经济学考试时间：1月31日下午一、简答题（85分）1. 简要说明经济理论中的“效率”含义。

（15分）2. 简述短期平均成本与长期平均成本的关系。

（10分）3. 为什么市场不能有效供给公共物品？（15分）4. 画出简单的宏观经济循环流转图。

（10分）5. 为什么凯恩斯认为货币政策对于摆脱衰退是无效的。

（15分）6. 简要说明财政政策可能产生的时滞效应、通货膨胀效应和挤出效应。

（20分）二、计算题（15分）若C=40+0.8Yd，I=60，G=T=20。

计算：求：（1）均衡收入；（2）当自发投资减少10后，应如何调整税收才能维持原均衡收入？课程名称：综合考试适用专业：西方经济学考试时间：2月1日上午货币银行学一、判断分析题（每小题8分，计24分）1. 有了货币就能实现促进经济发展的目的。

2. 融资形式的多样化有利于合理配置资源。

3. 中央银行在公开市场上买进证券会使利率下降。

二、间答题（每小题8分，计16分）1、我国货币政策目标及内含的关系。

2、在我国为什么要将现金单独作为一个层次。

二、论述题（10分）试分析我国今年两次调低利率的政策效应。

财政学四、简答题（每小题10分，计20分）1、所得税有哪些基本特点？它包括的主要税种有哪些？2、财政政策目标之间有哪些冲突？五、论述题（每小题15分，计30分）1、分析阐述税收与国家及社会经济的关系？2、财政政策目标之间有哪些冲突？管理学六、判断改错（请对下列各题进行分析判断，你若认为该题是正确的，请在该题后的括号内打上√；你若认为该题是错误的，请在该题后的括号内打上X，并将正确表述写于该题之下。

每小题2分，计12分）1、一般说来，管理的幅度越大，管理的层次就越多。

（）2、在西方的人性理论中，“超Y理论”的主要论点是注重道德因素在管理中的作用。

（）3、西方科学管理理论的最大贡献是进行劳动效率的研究。

2005年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试题Paper OnePart I Listening Comprehension (30 %)Section ADirections: In this section you will hear fifteen short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, you will hear a question about what is said. The question will be read only once. After you hear the question, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Listen to the following example.You will hear:Woman: I feel faint.Man: No wonder. You haven’t had a bite all day,Question: What’s the matter with the woman?You will read:A. She is sick.B. She was bitten by an ant.C. She is hungry.D. She spilled her paint.Here C is the right answer.Sample 3answerA DNow let’s begin with question Number 1.1. A. He was waiting in the wrong place.B. He won’t have to wait any longer.C. The woman was mistaken.D. The woman should ask somebody else for help.2. A. The results might be ready tomorrow afternoon.B. The results might be ready tomorrow morning,C. The results will be ready this afternoon.D. The results were back this morning.3. A. Buy a purse. B. Buy the AIDS patients medicine.C. Make a donation.D. Lend the man some money.4. A. He failed to defend his paper. B. He had got a bleeding finger.C. He cut his finger with a knife.D. He had a paper cut.5. A. He can’t afford a digital camera now.B. He’s not sure how much a digital camera costs.C. He’ll buy a digital camera that fits his pocket.D. He’s lost the money he saved.6. A. Join the student Union.B. Persuade the other members of the Student Union not to quit.C. Keep an eye on the other members of the Student Union.D. Help the man find someone to fill the vacancy.7. A. The dentist will be back this afternoon.B. The dentist will have a full schedule this afternoon.C. He’s already had the dentist check his teeth.D. He plans to see the dentist this afternoon.8. A. Large and bulky. B. Lightweight and compact.C. Fancy and sophisticated.D. Appealing and amazing.9. A Use less shampoo, B. Stop using shampoo.C. Switch to the man’s brand.D. Rinse off the shampoo thoroughly.10. A. The fitness center doesn’t open until tomorrow.B. She is too busy to go to the fitness center.C. The fitness center is not for kids.D. The project of the fitness center will be finished tomorrow.11. A. Look in the library catalogue.B. Borrow the man’s computer.C. Seek the information from the Internet.D. Seek the information from Drama Society.12. A. He has changed his schedule. B. He was sick last Monday.C. He works less than he used to.D. He started his vacation last Monday.13. A. Because she has to pay a home visit to an emergency case.B. Because she dislikes teaching and wants to quit.C. Because her father has just been sent to the hospital and needs her care.D. Because her father is leaving the hospital and needs her help.14. A. Discontinue all the medications.B. Try new medicine and then have a CT scan.C. Take a CT scan before medication.D. Have a CT scan right away.15. A. Annoyed. B. Scared. C. Puzzled. D. Anxious.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear three passages. After each one, you will hear five questions. After each question, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C and D, Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Passages One16. A. Common insomnia. B. Sleep-including activities.C. Foods to help people sleep better.D. Causes of insomnia and ways to deal with it.17. A. Asthma. B. Aches. C. Ulcer. D. Anemia.18. A. Go to bed earlier the next night. B. Go to bed as usual the next night.C. Take a nap the next day.D. Sleep late the next few days.19. A. Because tryptophan can balance their diet.B. Because tryptophan is an amino acid found in certain foods.C. Because tryptophan is crucial to the sleep process.D. Because tryptophan can cure insomnia altogether.20. A. Pessimistic. B. Optimistic. C. Doubtful. D. Indifferent.Passage Two21. A. The difference between the couple in their view of time.B. The difference between the couple in their view of religion.C. The difference between the couple in their view of loyalty.D. The difference between the couple in their view of responsibility.22. A. He likes to be late. B. He likes to be early.C. He likes to be just on time.D. He likes to be just in time.23. A. 2 pm. B. 1:40 pm. C. 2:03 pm. D. 2:30 pm.24. A. Cancel the wedding immediately. B. Find a substitute immediately.C. Wait patiently till the groom to come finally.D. Find a lawyer to sue the groom.25. A. Cultural difference. B. Gender-related difference.C. Ethnical difference.D. Social rank.Passage Three26. A. She is a dentist. B. She is an orthopedist.C. She is a physiotherapist.D. She is a pharmacist.27. A. She is examining the man.B. She is taking a history.C. She is explaining the man’s condition.D. She is discussing a case with her colleague.28. A. Sliding over the stairs. B. Straightening his spine.C. Bending his knee too hard.D. Lifting heavy loads in the wrong way.29. A. In the lower part of his back. B. In the upper part of his back.C. In the middle part of his back.D. Not mentioned.30. A. Stay in bed to let the disc rest. B. Take some drugs to relieve the pain.C. Have some physiotherapy.D. Undergo an operation right away.2005全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试题参考答案及解析Paper OnePart ⅠListening Comprehension(30%)Section A1. C 通过男士的话You must be thinking of someone else可知女士是认错人了。

2005年中国社会科学院考博英语真题及详解PART Ⅰ: VocabularySection A (10 points)Directions: Choose the word that is the closest in meaning with the underlined word.1. Too often, the sales manager who hires salesmen simply because of their extroverted and flamboyant personality will have a high turnover.A. deviousB. humorousC. singularD. ostentatious【答案】D【解析】flamboyant炫耀的，自负的。

ostentatious卖弄的，炫耀的，意思与之符合。

devious 偏僻的，迂回的。

humorous富幽默感的，滑稽的。

singular单一的，非凡的。

2. He remains alert to signs of hope and finds one in the story of the late SuAnne Big Crow, a high-school basketball star whose exploits and character united the reservation in pride.A. featsB. peatsC. leatsD. beats【答案】A【解析】exploit功绩，业绩。

feat技艺，业绩。

peat泥炭块。

3. The emergence of extraterrestrial life, particularly intelligent life, is a key test for these rival paradigms.A. doctrinesB. heresiesC. examplesD. debates【答案】C【解析】paradigm范例。

Passage4医生与病人的关系The health-care economy is replete with unusual and even unique economic relationship.One of the least understood involves the peculiar roles of producer or “provider”and purchaser or“consumer”in the typical doctor-patient relationship.In most sectors of the economy,it is the seller who attempts to attract a potential buyer with various inducement of price,quality,and utility,and it is the buyer who makes the decision.Where circumstances permit the buyer to choice because there is effectively only one seller and the product is relatively essential, government usually asserts monopoly and places the industry under price and other regulations.Neither of these conditions prevails in most of the health-care industry.In the heath-care industry,the doctor-patient relationship is the mirror image of the ordinary relationship between producer and consumer.Once an individual has chin to see a physician—and even then there may be no real choice—it is the physician who usually makes all significant purchasing decision:whether the patient should return“next Wednesday,”whether X-rays are needed,whether drugs should be prescribed,etc.It is a rare and sophisticated patient who will challenge such professional decisions or raise in advance questions about price, especially when the ailment is regarded as serious.This is particularly significant in relation to hospital care.The physician must certify the need for hospitalization,determine what procedures will be performed,and some of these decisions,but in the main it is the doctor’s judgments that are final.Little wonder then that in the eyes of the hospital it is the physician who is the real“consumer”.As a consequence,the medical staff represents the“power center”in hospital policy and decision-making,not the administration.Although usually there are in this situation four identifiable participants,the physician,the hospital,the patient,and the payer(generally all insurance carrier or government)—the physician makes the essential decisions for all of them.The hospital becomes an extension of the physician；the payer generally meets most of the bona fide bills generated the physician/hospital;and for the most part the patient plays a passive role.In routine or minor illness,or just plain worries,the patient’s options are,of course,much greater with respect to use and price.In illness that are of some significance,however,such choices tend to evaporate,and it is for illness that the bulk of the health-care dollar is spent.We estimate that about7580percent of health-care expenditures are determined by physicians,not patients.For this reason,economy measures directed at patients or the general public are relatively ineffective.1.The author’s primary purpose is to______A.speculate about the relationship between a patient’s ability to pay and the treatment received.B.criticize doctors for exercising too much control over patients.C.analyze some important economic factors in health care.D.urge hospital to reclaim their decision making authority.2.It can be inferred that doctors are able to determine hospital policies because ______A.it is doctors who generate income for the hospital.B.most of a patient’s bills are paid by his health insurance.C.hospital administrators lack the expertise to question medical decision.D.a doctor is ultimately responsible for a patient’s health.3.According to the author,when a doctor tells a patient to“return next Wednesday”,the doctor is in effect______A.taking advantage of the patient’s concern for his healthB.instructing the patient to buy more medical servicesC.warning the patient that hospital stay might be necessaryD.advising the patient to seek a second option4.The author is most probably leading up to______A.all analysis of the cause of inflationB.a proposal to control medical costsC.a discussion of a new medical treatmentD.a discussion of a new medical cost5.The most important features of a“consumer”as the term is used in Line3of the passage is that the“consumer”is the party that______A.pays for goods or services.B.delivers goods or services.C.orders goods or services.D.reimburses a third party for goods or services.【答案与解析】1.C本文主要讲的是医生和病人之间的关系，但又不是单纯地从医学的角度讲述，而是用经济学的观点进行分析。