linux下的OpenCV安装＆学习笔记（修订版，解决无法打开视频文件问题）1. 首先获取ffmpeg，不装这个OpenCV打不开很多视频文件格式。
很多人找不到怎么下载,其实之前ffmpeg可以通过cvs下载，不过最近他已经换成了更加强大的svn如何使用SVN我这里不再介绍，网上还有大量的安装和使用的文章可以借鉴，这里简单罗列几个SVN辅助的软件：SubVersion，从 / 下载，支持linux，我们这里就装这个TortoiseSVN，从/ 下载，是很不错的SVN客户端程序，为windows外壳程序集成到windows资源管理器和文件管理系统的Subversion客户端，用起来很方便，commit动作变得就像Winrar右键压缩一样方便。
ok，那我们先装subversion，记住最好之前装过apr和apr-util，在网站能下到wget /downloads/subversion-1.3.2.tar.gztar zvxf subversion-1.3.2.tar.gzcd subversion-1.3.2./configure --with-apr=/usr/local/apr-httpd --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util-httpd/makemake install到此，我们就可以通过svn命令获取最新的ffmpeg了svn checkout svn://svn.mplayerhq.hu/ffmpeg/trunk ffmpeg你会发现在你所在的目录，自动出现一个ffmpeg的目录，就是你下载的源代码。
2.下面是ffmpeg的编译#./configure --enable-libogg --enable-shared --enable-gpl(一定要加上 --enable-shared,不然OpenCV找不到ffmpeg库) #make#make install====================================== ==========2006-10-31.下载：opencv-0.9.9.tar.gz/sourceforge/opencvlibrary/opencv-0.9.9.tar.gz2.#tar -xzvf opencv-0.9.9.tar.gz3.#./configure --with-quicktime=no --with-ffmpeg（OpenCV默认用quicktime打开视频文件，我把他改成ffmpeg)4.#make5.#make install6.相关配置修改/etc/ld.so.conf添加一行/usr/local/lib# ldconfig (root用户)然后将/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig中的opencv.pc 拷贝到/usr/lib/pkgconfig中,(如果不做这步,根本编译不起)可以采用这个操作# cp /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/opencv.pc /usr/lib/pkgconfig7.编辑opencv程序的方法以编辑cvtest.c文件为例子(因为highgui中采用了c++,所以一定要用g++编译才可以)A. g++ `pkg-config --cflags opencv` -o cvtest cvtest.c `pkg-config --libs opencv`B. 编译: g++ `pkg-config --cflags opencv` -c cvtest.c链接: g++ `pkg-config --libs opencv` -o cvtest cvtest.o====================================== ===============2006-10-3例子：/*************************************************** 背景建模，运动物体检测***************************************************//************************************************************** ********** OpenCV example* Copyright (C) 2006 Shiqi Yu** This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or* (at your option) any later version.** This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the* GNU General Public License for more details.** You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA*************************************************************** ********/#include <stdio.h>#include <cv.h>#include <cxcore.h>#include <highgui.h>int main( int argc, char** argv ){//声明IplImage指针IplImage* pFrame = NULL;IplImage* pFrImg = NULL;IplImage* pBkImg = NULL;CvMat* pFrameMat = NULL;CvMat* pFrMat = NULL;CvMat* pBkMat = NULL;CvCapture* pCapture = NULL;int nFrmNum = 0;//创建窗口cvNamedWindow("video", 1);cvNamedWindow("background",1); cvNamedWindow("foreground",1);//使窗口有序排列cvMoveWindow("video", 30, 0);cvMoveWindow("background", 360, 0); cvMoveWindow("foreground", 690, 0);if( argc != 2 ){fprintf(stderr, "Usage: bkgrd <video_file_name>\n"); return -1;}//打开视频文件if( !(pCapture = cvCreateFileCapture(argv[1]))){fprintf(stderr, "Can not open video file %s\n", argv[1]); return -2;}//逐帧读取视频while(pFrame = cvQueryFrame( pCapture )){nFrmNum++;//如果是第一帧，需要申请内存，并初始化if(nFrmNum == 1){pBkImg = cvCreateImage(cvSize(pFrame->width, pFrame->height), IPL_DEPTH_8U,1);pFrImg = cvCreateImage(cvSize(pFrame->width, pFrame->height), IPL_DEPTH_8U,1);pBkMat = cvCreateMat(pFrame->height, pFrame->width, CV_32FC1);pFrMat = cvCreateMat(pFrame->height, pFrame->width, CV_32FC1);pFrameMat = cvCreateMat(pFrame->height, pFrame->width, CV_32FC1);//转化成单通道图像再处理cvCvtColor(pFrame, pBkImg, CV_BGR2GRAY);cvCvtColor(pFrame, pFrImg, CV_BGR2GRAY);cvConvert(pFrImg, pFrameMat);cvConvert(pFrImg, pFrMat);cvConvert(pFrImg, pBkMat);}else{cvCvtColor(pFrame, pFrImg, CV_BGR2GRAY);cvConvert(pFrImg, pFrameMat);//高斯滤波先，以平滑图像//cvSmooth(pFrameMat, pFrameMat, CV_GAUSSIAN, 3, 0, 0);//当前帧跟背景图相减cvAbsDiff(pFrameMat, pBkMat, pFrMat);//二值化前景图cvThreshold(pFrMat, pFrImg, 60, 255.0, CV_THRESH_BINARY);//进行形态学滤波，去掉噪音//cvErode(pFrImg, pFrImg, 0, 1);//cvDilate(pFrImg, pFrImg, 0, 1);//更新背景cvRunningAvg(pFrameMat, pBkMat, 0.003, 0);//将背景转化为图像格式，用以显示cvConvert(pBkMat, pBkImg);//显示图像cvShowImage("video", pFrame);cvShowImage("background", pBkImg);cvShowImage("foreground", pFrImg);//如果有按键事件，则跳出循环//此等待也为cvShowImage函数提供时间完成显示//等待时间可以根据CPU速度调整if( cvWaitKey(2) >= 0 )break;}}//销毁窗口cvDestroyWindow("video"); cvDestroyWindow("background"); cvDestroyWindow("foreground");//释放图像和矩阵cvReleaseImage(&pFrImg); cvReleaseImage(&pBkImg);cvReleaseMat(&pFrameMat); cvReleaseMat(&pFrMat); cvReleaseMat(&pBkMat);return 0;}。
