The French Influence On English Vocabulary 法语对英语词汇的影响

The French element in the English V ocabulary:(1) French loan-words in the Middle English period:•Words connected with government:government,administration,state,crown,authority,court,council,parliament ,assembly,empire,realm,sovereign,majesty,tyrant,etc.•Words connected with religion:religion,theology,prayer,dean,lesson,clerk,clergy,crucifix,devotion,faith,b aptism,sermon,virgin•Words connected with law: justice, judgement, crime, evidence, proof, blame, arrest, seize, suit, plaintiff, defendant, judge, advocate, sentence, fine, forfeit, prison,ect.•Words connected with army: army, peace, enemy, arm, captain, defence, soldier, guard, spy, lieutenant, battle, skirmish, combat, etc. •Words connected with fashion and food: dress, cloak, collar, button, boots, diamond, beef, pork, mutton, bacon,biscuit,cream,sugar,orange,lemon,etc•Words connected with arts, literature: art, painting,learning,beauty,color, figure, image, tone, tragedy, preface, title,story,paper,pen,study,etc•Phrases: to take leave; to come to a head, hand to hand, on the point of, according to, by heart, in vain(2) French loan -words after the Middle English period:•1660 the Restoratione.g.parole,ballet,burlesque,champagne,coquette,liaison,cortege,demarche, decor,forte,soup•the 18th century(1789 French Revolution)e.g.guillotine,regime,corps,manoeuvre,espionage,depot,salon,bureau,cant een,critique,brochure,rouge,picnic,etiquette,police,coup•the 19th century(文学艺术外交饮食)e.g.literature,Renaissance,baton,matinee,premier,attache,prestige,dossier, menu,chef,chauffeur,elite,fiancee•the 20th century(军事)e.g. camouflage,fuselage,hangar(3)French loan -words after the Middle English period:•Words connected with arts are:baroque,baton,matinee, nocturne,renaissance,repertoire, resume,etc •Words connected with food and drink include:bonbon,cafe,chef,menu,restaurant,saute,etc•Words connected with fashion,dress and materials are:beret, blouse,corsage,crochet,etc.•diplomatic terms are:attache,adinterim,communism,dossier,entente, laisser-faire,secretariat,etc•The common words adopted in the 20th century are: georgette, hangar, limousine, revue, avant-garde, detente, black humor, extraordinaire, negotiant, discothéque, etc.。

The Enchanting Language and Culture ofFranceFrance, a country renowned for its rich history,vibrant art, and delicious cuisine, is also celebrated for its language – French. The language, with its elegant vocabulary, intricate grammar, and musical cadence, holds a unique place in the hearts of not just the French people but also language enthusiasts worldwide. The influence of French extends beyond its borders, shaping the culture and identity of nations that have been influenced by France's rich legacy.The French language is often described as the language of love and poetry, with its romanticism and emotional depth. It is a language that captures the essence of French culture, from the sophisticated Parisian café culture to the rural idylls of Provence. The French language is not just a medium of communication; it is a way of life, a reflection of French values, traditions, and social norms. The history of French is as fascinating as it is complex. Derived from Latin, French has evolved over centuries, influenced by various languages and dialects.The French Revolution in the 18th century marked a significant milestone in the history of the language, as it gave birth to the modern French language, which is standardized and统一 today.The French language is renowned for its precision and clarity. The French lexicon is rich in vocabulary, with words often carrying multiple meanings and nuances. The grammar of French is complex but highly systematic, with rules that govern noun genders, verb conjugations, and adjective placements. This complexity, however, adds to the beauty and elegance of the language, making it a pleasure to speak and write.The influence of French extends beyond its borders, with countries like Canada, Belgium, Switzerland, and many African nations adopting French as their official language. The legacy of French culture and influence can be seen in the art, music, literature, and cuisine of these nations, creating a unique global identity that is deeply rooted in French heritage.The French language is also a vital component of international relations and diplomacy. As the language ofthe United Nations and several international organizations, French plays a crucial role in global affairs. It is a bridge that connects people from different cultures and backgrounds, facilitating understanding and cooperation.In conclusion, the French language and culture are a rich tapestry of history, art, and tradition. The elegance and precision of French, coupled with its influence and impact on global culture, make it a language that is not just beautiful but also powerful. As we delve into the enchanting world of French, we discover a culture that is both timeless and ever-evolving, a testament to the resilience and adaptability of the French people.**法国语言文化的魅力**法国，这个以丰富的历史、充满活力的艺术和美味佳肴而闻名的国家，同样以其语言——法语，占据了独特的地位。

英语作文学习法语的好处英文回答：Learning French as an English speaker offers a wealth of benefits, both cognitively and practically. As someone who has embarked on this linguistic adventure, I have firsthand experience of the transformative power of studying French.Enhanced Cognitive Abilities:Learning French enhances cognitive abilities by exercising different parts of the brain. The process of acquiring new vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation stimulates neural pathways, improving memory, attention span, and problem-solving skills. Studies have shown that bilingualism is associated with heightened executive function, which refers to the cognitive processes that control attention, planning, and decision-making.Improved Communication Skills:Mastering French expands one's communication capabilities. It allows one to interact with over 300 million native French speakers worldwide, opening doors to new friendships, cultural exchanges, and professional opportunities. Moreover, the process of learning French improves one's communication skills in English as well. By comparing the two languages, one gains a deeper understanding of both.Cultural Immersion:French is a gateway to a rich and vibrant culture. Studying French provides an immersive experience into the world of art, literature, cuisine, and history. By exploring French cinema, music, and literature, one gains a profound appreciation for French culture and its contributions to the world.Career Advantages:In today's globalized job market, fluency in French offers a significant competitive advantage. Many multinational corporations operate in French-speaking countries, and having proficiency in the language opens doors to a wider range of career opportunities. Furthermore, French is the official language of many international organizations, such as the United Nations and the European Union.Personal Enrichment:Learning French is an incredibly rewarding experience that enriches one's life on a personal level. It fosters a sense of accomplishment, boosts self-confidence, and promotes a lifelong love of learning. Moreover, it allows one to connect with the world in a more meaningful way.Examples:When I first started learning French, I would oftenget words mixed up. For instance, I would say "le chat" (the cat) instead of "le chapeau" (the hat). However,through consistent practice and immersion, I gradually improved my vocabulary and pronunciation.Learning French has helped me communicate with people from different cultures. For example, I have made friends from France, Belgium, and Canada. We exchange emails and chat regularly, sharing stories and perspectives.Through French literature and cinema, I have discovered the works of renowned authors like Victor Hugo and Émile Zola. Their insights into human nature have broadened my worldview and deepened my understanding of history.中文回答：学习法语作为一名英语母语者来说，在认知和实践上都具备诸多益处。

Unit 34Public Behavior in France-- ConversationWelcome topics of conversation in France are food, art, music, philosophy, sports and current events / history. Studying French history, politics, and other aspects of the culture will be an advantage for you in conversation. And you'll fin d that conver sations often shift into spirited debates. Be prepared to answer questions about your own country, espe cially regarding political matters and its history. It is extremely bad manners to ask an individual about his political leanings or how he voted. Do not criticize Napoleon, who has a lasting identity with the French spirit.-- Gift GivingIf you are invited to a Fren ch home, consider it a rare honor. Bring flowers, quality chocolates or liqueur to the host, and present your gift before the entertaining proceeds. If you decide to bring flowers, remember that chrysanthemums are for funerals, red roses for lovers. A gift of carnations can often be interpreted as a sign of bad will. Moreover, ens ure that the bouquet is in o dd numbers, in accordance with the old European tradition. Be aware that displays of warmth and generosity between business associates are not the norm in French business culture. Giving presents is acceptable here, but exercise discretion.-- LanguageIt's strongly recommended that you learn basic French phrases and use them whenever possible. Your efforts will be well appreciated and will be remembered. The French will revert to English if they see you floundering. When you speak their language, be gracious if the French correct your mistakes in grammar or pronunciation. Usually, people who make these efforts care about the French language and are only trying to help you speak it effectively.-- Body LanguageGood posture is considered a sign of breeding in this culture. Keep you hands out of your pockets when in public. Chewing gum in public is considered vulgar. Snapping fingers is considered offensive. If you feel the need to point, motion with your whole hand, rather than your i ndex finger.Expect to be greeted by a handshake; kissing on the cheeks (across genders) is also common among st colleagues at work. It is not extended to outsiders and you should not attempt it until your female colleagues have made the initial move. Des pite the formality of French business culture, people tend to stand close when speaking to each other. Moreover, touching a shoulder or patting an arm is also commonplace and usually within the bounds of French business etiquette.Smiling is treated only with indifference here. It will not be perceived as a greeting or as an indication of approval.The US "OK" sign -- forming a circle with the thumb and forefinger -- actually means "zero" or "useless" in France. The French "OK" symbol is the North American "thumbs up --" people use this symbol to express approval.。

英语受法语影响较大的作文题目，The Influence of French on the English Language。

French has had a profound impact on the English language throughout history. From the Norman Conquest to contemporary culinary terms, the influence of French can be seen in various aspects of English vocabulary, grammar, and culture. This essay explores the significant influence of French on English, tracing its historical roots and examining its enduring legacy in modern times.Introduction:The relationship between French and English dates back to the 11th century, when the Normans, who spoke a dialect of Old French, conquered England. This event marked the beginning of a linguistic and cultural exchange that would shape the English language for centuries to come.Historical Influence:One of the most notable impacts of French on English is evident in the vocabulary. During the Norman Conquest, thousands of French words entered the English language, primarily in areas of governance, law, and aristocracy. Words like "government," "justice," and "parliament" are of French origin and reflect the influence of Norman rule.Furthermore, French also influenced English grammar. The use of gendered nouns and the placement of adjectives after the noun, as seen in phrases like "attorney general" and "court martial," are direct borrowings from French grammar rules.Literary Impact:The influence of French on English literature is also significant. In the Middle Ages, French was the language of the English nobility, and many literary works were written in Anglo-Norman, a dialect of Old French. Writers like Chaucer incorporated French words and phrases into their works, contributing to the richness and diversity of theEnglish language.Culinary Terms:In addition to governance and literature, French has also left its mark on English through culinary terms. From haute cuisine to everyday cooking terminology, French words abound in the English language of food. Terms like "cuisine," "menu," and "saute" are commonly used inEnglish-speaking countries, reflecting the influence of French culinary traditions.Modern Influence:Although the Norman Conquest occurred over 900 years ago, the influence of French on English is still evident today. French continues to be a source of loanwords for English, especially in fields such as fashion, cuisine, and the arts. Additionally, French expressions like "joie de vivre" and "au revoir" are widely understood and used by English speakers, demonstrating the enduring legacy of French language and culture.Conclusion:In conclusion, French has had a profound and lasting influence on the English language. From the Norman Conquest to contemporary times, French words and phrases have enriched English vocabulary, grammar, and culture. Despite the passage of centuries, the bond between French and English remains strong, serving as a testament to the enduring power of linguistic exchange and cultural influence.。

高中英语学习资料madeofjingetiejiUnit 2元关完形填空When Pat Jones finished college，she decided to travel around the world and see as many foreign places as she could 1 she was young． Pat wanted to visit Latin America 2 ，so she got a job 3 an English teacher in a school in Bolivia ．Pat spoke a little Spanish ， 4 she was able to communicate with her students even when they didn't 5 much English ．A sentence she had read somewhere stuck in her mind：if you dream 6 a foreign language．you have really mastered( 掌握 )it ．Pat repeated this sentence to her students and 7 that some day she would dream in Spanish and they would dream in 8 ．One day， one of her 9 students came up arid explained m Spanish that he had not done his homework ．He had 1O early ．and had slept 11 ．“What does this have to do with your 12 ? ” Pat asked．“I dreamed all night ， Miss Jones. and my dream was in English?”“In English?” Pat was very 13 ， since he was such Fl bad student ． She was 14 secretlyjealous( 忌妒的 )． Her 15 was still not in Spanish． But she encouraged( 激励 )her youngstudent ．“ Well ， 16 me about your dream ．”“All the people in nay dream 17 English.” the student said．“ And all the signs were inEnglish．All the newspapers and magazines and a11 the TV programs were in English ．”“But that's 18 ，” said Pat．“What did all the people say to you? ”“I'm sorry ， Miss Jones． That's 19 I slept so badly ．1 didn't 20 a word they said． It was anightmare( 噩梦 )!”1. A. because B. while C. if D. sincewhile 合适。

欧洲语言和英语的联系作文Europe is a continent with a rich linguistic diversity. There are over 200 languages spoken in Europe, and many of them have influenced the English language in various ways. For example, Latin has had a significant impact on English vocabulary, as many English words have Latin roots.In addition to Latin, French has also had a major influence on the English language. This influence can be seen in the many French words that have been adopted into English, particularly in the fields of cuisine, fashion, and the arts. Words like "cuisine," "ballet," and "chic" are all examples of French words that have become part of the English language.German is another European language that has contributed to the English language. Many English words have Germanic roots, and the grammar and sentence structure of English have been influenced by German. For example, the English language has adopted the German practice ofcapitalizing all nouns.Furthermore, the influence of Spanish and Italian can also be seen in the English language. Many words from these languages have been borrowed into English, particularly in the fields of music, food, and culture. Words like "piano," "spaghetti," and "opera" are all examples of words that have been borrowed from Spanish and Italian.The linguistic connections between European languages and English are not limited to vocabulary. The grammar, syntax, and pronunciation of English have also been influenced by European languages. For example, the use of articles in English is similar to their use in many European languages, and the pronunciation of certain English words has been influenced by the sounds of European languages.In conclusion, the English language has been shaped by the linguistic diversity of Europe. The influence of Latin, French, German, Spanish, and Italian can be seen in the vocabulary, grammar, syntax, and pronunciation of English.This linguistic connection between European languages and English has enriched the English language and contributed to its status as a global language.。

第三部分 翻译全真试题1996年专八翻译真题（原（原 文）文）近读报纸，对国内名片和请柬的议论颇多，于是想起客居巴黎时经常见到的法国人手中的名片和请柬，随笔记下来，似乎不无借鉴之处。

随笔记下来，似乎不无借鉴之处。

在巴黎，名目繁多的酒会、冷餐会是广交朋友的好机会。

在这种场合陌生人相识，如果是亚洲人，他们往往开口之前先毕恭毕敬地用双手把自己的名片呈递给对方，这好像是不可缺少的礼节。

然而，法国人一般却都不大主动递送名片，双方见面寒喧几句甚至海阔天空地聊一番也就各自走开。

只有当双方谈话投机，希望继续交往时，才会主动掏出名片。

二话不说先递名片反倒有些勉强。

法国人的名片讲究朴素大方，印制精美，但很少有镶金边儿的，闪光多色的或带香味儿的，名片上的字体纤细秀丽，本人的名字也不过分突出，整张纸片上空白很大，毫无拥挤不堪的感觉。

字体纤细秀丽，本人的名字也不过分突出，整张纸片上空白很大，毫无拥挤不堪的感觉。

（参考译文）（参考译文）In reading recent newspapers, I have come to find that people in China have become more and more interested in discussing about name cards and invitation letters. This has triggered my reminiscences of the name cards and invitation letters of the French people that I saw when I was residing in Paris. In writing down those random reminiscences, I believe that they might provide some useful information for us to learn from. In Paris, all the wine parties and buffet receptions held on various occasions provide optimum opportunities to make friends with all varieties of people. When encountering a stranger on such an occasion, an Asian would invariably hand over his name card to the newly-met stranger with full reverence, with both of his hands, even before he starts to converse with the stranger. Such an act seems to have become an indispensable ritual (formality/ etiquette). By contrast, an average Frenchman seldom takes the initiative to (offers to / volunteers to) present his name card. Instead, he would simply walk away after an exchange of routine greetings or even some aimless (random/ casual) chat. Only when both sides become deeply engrossed (engaged / involved) in their conversation and have the intention to make further acquaintance with each other would they offer to give their name cards. It would seem somehow bizarre if a French person offers his name card without saying anything to the stranger in the first place.The French tend to take extraordinary precaution to make their name cards simple yet elegant. Exquisitely designed and printed, their name cards are seldom golden-framed, or colorfully shiny, or tinted with fragrant smells. The letters as appear on their name cards tend to be diminutive but beautiful, not allowing the name of the card-bearer to be overly prominent/salient. The entire card contains much empty space, imparting no sense of over-crowdedness. Section B: Translate the following underlined part of the English text into Chinese（原（原 文）文）Four months before the election day, five men gathered in a small conference room at the Reagan-Bush headquarters and reviewed an oversize calendar that marked the remaining days of the 1984 presidential campaign. It was the last Saturday in June and at ten o'clock in the morning the rest of the office was practically deserted. Even so, the men kept the door shut and the drapes carefully drawn. The three principals and their two deputies had come from around the country for a critical meeting. Their aim was to devise a strategy that would guarantee Ronald Reagan's resounding reelection to a second term in the White House. It should have been easy. These were battle-tested veterans with long ties to Reagan and even longer ones to the Republican party, men who understood presidential politics as well as any in the country. The backdrop of the campaign was hospitable, with lots of good news to work with: America was at peace, and the nation's economy, a key factor in any election, was rebounding vigorously after recession. Furthermore, the campaign itself was lavishly financed, with plenty of money for a topflight staff, travel, and television commercials. And, most important, their candidate was Ronald Reagan, a president of tremendous personal popularity and dazzling communication skills. Reagan has succeeded more than any president since John. F. Kennedy in projecting a broad vision of America -a nation of renewed military strength, individual initiative, and smaller federal government.（参考译文）（参考译文）在离选举日还有四个月的时间，有五个人聚集在里根－布什总部的一个小型会议室里，翻着看一张硕大无比的日历，日历上清晰地标识出了1984年总统竞选剩下的日子。

英语作文法国语言文化【中英文实用版】**English Composition: The Language and Culture of France**France, a country renowned for its rich history, exquisite cuisine, and vibrant culture, also boasts a language that has captivated the world.French, often called the "language of love," is not only spoken in France but across the globe, from Canada to parts of Africa.The influence of French language and culture is profound and far-reaching.The French language is elegance personified.Its romantic connotations and melodic intonations make it a delight to listen to.French literature has produced some of the most celebrated works, from the sonnets of Rimbaud to the plays of Molière.The language"s structure and syntax are intricate, reflecting the French people"s attention to detail and appreciation for the aesthetic.Cultural aspects of France are equally captivating.The country"s culinary tradition is legendary, with dishes like coq au vin and croissants being world-famous.French cuisine is not just food; it is an art form, a celebration of flavors, and an integral part of French identity.The appreciation for good food is deeply ingrained in the culture, and the French take pride in their long culinary history.France is also the birthplace of impressionism and surrealism, movements that revolutionized the art world.Artists like Monet, Renoir,and Dali have left an indelible mark on the global art scene.French cinema, too, has made significant contributions, with the works of auteurs like Godard and Truffaut still inspiring filmmakers today.Moreover, French culture values the art of conversation.Caféculture is an essential part of daily life, where people gather to discuss philosophy, politics, and literature.The emphasis on intellectual discourse is a hallmark of French society, fostering a deep respect for knowledge and ideas.In conclusion, the language and culture of France are a treasure trove waiting to be explored.From the lyrical quality of the French language to the richness of its cultural heritage, France offers a world of discovery that enthralls and inspires.**中文作文：法国的语言文化**法国，一个以丰富历史、精致美食和充满活力的文化著称的国家，其语言也令世界为之着迷。

诺曼时期法语对英语词汇的影响（精选五篇）第一篇：诺曼时期法语对英语词汇的影响诺曼时期法语对英语词汇的影响当今社会英语是运用最为广泛的语言。

他的发展同其他语言一样也经历了一个漫长的过程。

在现代英语中你可以看到拉丁语、希腊语、德语、法语的身影,其中又以法语为最。

法语对英语的影响最明显,数量最多的是在单词部分。

为什么法语会对英语产生如此巨大的影响是和英国的一段历史分不开的。

这就是发生在1066年的诺曼征服。

诺曼征服不仅对英国社会对英语也产生了巨大而深远的影响。

1066年10月14日,法国的威廉公爵率兵打败了英格兰,并在圣诞节这天加冕为英格兰的国王。

此后英格兰完全处于法国的统治之下,威廉把大量的土地分给了法国的地主,大批的法国人移居英格兰。

最开始说法语的还仅仅是当地的法国移民,英格兰的统治阶级坚持只说英语。

但随着两个民族的通婚,法国诺曼第移民与统治阶级的进一步深入接触,越来越多的英格兰人意识到学习第二种语言的重要性。

尽管征服者的数量多且拥有权利,但是如果他们不长时间坚持使用自己的语言,那么这种语言的影响将会微乎其微。

诺曼征服的影响是革命性的,它在英语的发展史上留下了深深的烙印。

下面让我们随着历史的发展去看看在各个时期都有哪些类型的法语单词加入到了英语之中。

在诺曼征服之前,英法两国统治阶级之间也有一定的交流,这些交流促进了少量的法语单词进入英格兰的文化和生活中。

这些词在当时是一种新文化和新生活的象征。

例如,人们用castel(法国贵族的一种住所)当作一种新式建筑的标志,而取代了古英语中的burg;而capun(capon)则代表了奢侈的法国大餐伴随着诺曼征服而来的是英格兰政府和上层阶级的重组,当然也带来了大量法语单词的涌入。

在当时有这样一个故事:有一名在“New Forest”(皇家专用猎场)中偷猎的青年被捉住后发现自己被一群手持武器说话唧唧喳喳、含糊不清的士兵所包围。

很快他学会了这些新的法语单词prisum ,foreste , tur(tower), market , rent , justise。

从法语演变的英语作文Sure, I can do that. Let's get started.Well, French has had a big impact on English, you know. There are so many words that English borrowed from French, like "cuisine," "ballet," and "chic." It's really quite fascinating to see how the two languages have influenced each other over the years.But, you know, it's not just the vocabulary that's been influenced. The grammar and syntax of English have also been shaped by French. For example, the use of articles and the placement of adjectives in English can be traced back to French influence.And, you know, it's not just the language itself that's been affected. The culture and history of England have also been shaped by the French, especially during the Norman Conquest. This event had a huge impact on the English language and culture, and it's still visible today.Of course, English has also had an impact on French. With the spread of English as a global language, many English words and expressions have made their way into French. It's really interesting to see how languages evolve and influence each other over time.So, yeah, it's pretty clear that French and English have a long and intertwined history. It's amazing to see how these two languages have shaped each other and continue to do so today.。

法国的习惯英语作文题目：French Customs and the Role of EnglishNestled in the heart of Europe, France is renowned for its rich history, exquisite cuisine, and deep-rooted cultural practices that have stood the test of timeWhile the French are justifiably proud of their language, which they consider the epitome of elegance and precision, English, too, has found its niche within this Gallic tapestry, albeit in a distinctively French wayOne cannot discuss French habits without mentioning their profound appreciation for gastronomyMeal times are sacred; lunch, in particular, is an extended affair, often lasting two hours or more, during which friends and family gather to savor carefully prepared dishes accompanied by fine winesIt's not uncommon to hear English phrases like "Bon app étit!" echoing around tables hosting international guests, reflecting the country's growing acceptance of English as a means to bridge cultural gapsFashion is another realm where French customs intertwine with English usageParis, the fashion capital of the world, hosts events likeFashion Week, where designers from all corners of the globe congregateHere, English serves as the lingua franca, facilitating discussions on the latest trends and designsFrench designers, while maintaining their linguistic heritage, often use English to connect with a broader, global audienceIn the realm of education, there's a growing emphasis on bilingualism, with English being a primary second language taught in schoolsThis push reflects the understanding that fluency in English opens doors to international opportunities and enhances communication in a globalized worldYounger generations, therefore, are more likely to incorporate English phrases into their everyday speech, blending it seamlessly with their native FrenchDespite this integration, the French remain vigilant about preserving their linguistic identityLaws such as the Toubon Law ensure that French remains dominant in public life, including advertising and official documentsEnglish, thus, exists in a delicate balance, respected for itsutility but never at the expense of the cherished French languageSocial interactions in France also carry their unique etiquetteThe traditional “bise,”or cheek kissing, is a common greeting among friends and acquaintances, demonstrating warmth and familiarityThough English may be spoken in professional settings, these deeply ingrained social rituals remain firmly rooted in the French language and cultureIn conclusion, while English has undoubtedly made inroads into various aspects of French life, it coexists harmoniously alongside, rather than supplanting, French customs and traditionsThe French continue to cherish their language and culture, integrating English in ways that enrich their global connections without compromising their national identity This delicate dance between tradition and modernity is what makes France’s relationship with English both intriguing and uniquely FrenchThis essay provides an overview of how English is integrated into various aspects of French life while respectingand preserving French customs and traditionsIt highlights the importance of understanding the cultural context in which languages interact and evolve。

法国对中国的影响英文作文France has had a significant influence on China in various aspects. Take fashion, for example. French fashion, with its elegance and sophistication, has greatly influenced Chinese fashion trends. Chinese people now appreciate the importance of style and presentation, and many Chinese designers have been inspired by French fashion houses.Another area where France has made a notable impact on China is cuisine. French cuisine is renowned worldwide for its exquisite taste and meticulous preparation. Chinese people have embraced French culinary techniques and incorporated them into their own cooking. French dishes, such as escargots and foie gras, can now be found on the menus of high-end restaurants in China.The French language has also had a considerable influence on China. French is widely taught in Chinese schools, and many Chinese students choose to study inFrench-speaking countries. The French language has become a symbol of sophistication and cultural knowledge in China, and speaking French is seen as a sign of prestige.In terms of art and culture, France has played a significant role in shaping China's artistic landscape. French art movements, such as Impressionism and Cubism, have inspired Chinese artists to explore new artisticstyles and techniques. French literature and cinema have also gained popularity in China, with French films being screened in Chinese theaters and French books being translated and read by Chinese readers.France's influence on China is not limited to fashion, cuisine, language, and art. France has also made contributions to China's education system. Many Chinese universities have partnerships with French universities, allowing for academic exchanges and collaborations. French educational institutions are highly regarded in China, and studying in France is considered a valuable experience for Chinese students.In conclusion, France has had a significant influence on China in various aspects, including fashion, cuisine, language, art, and education. The French influence has brought sophistication, elegance, and cultural enrichment to China, shaping its modern society in many ways.。

英语的三大影响英语作文The Three Major Influences on English。

English is a global language spoken by over 1.5 billion people worldwide. However, the English language has not remained static over the years. It has undergone various changes, influenced by different factors. In this essay, we will discuss the three major influences on the English language.1. The Norman Conquest。

In 1066, William the Conqueror invaded England and brought with him the Norman French language. The Normans were the ruling class in England for several centuries, and their language had a significant impact on English. Many French words were incorporated into English, and the language became more complex and sophisticated. English grammar also changed, and the language became more formal.2. The Renaissance。

The Renaissance was a period of great intellectual and cultural change in Europe. It had a significant impact on the English language, as scholars and writers began to explore new ideas and concepts. The Renaissance led to the development of new words and phrases, as well as new styles of writing. Shakespeare, for example, was one of the most famous writers of the Renaissance, and his plays had a significant impact on the English language.3. Globalization。

法国英语作文Title: French English Essay。

French English Essay。

French is often considered the language of love, romance, and sophistication. It is also one of the most widely spoken languages in the world, with over 220 million speakers across the globe. In this essay, we will explore the unique and beautiful language of French, and its influence on the English language.French is a Romance language, which means it is derived from Latin, the language of the Roman Empire. It has a rich history and a deep cultural significance, and is theofficial language of 29 countries. French is also one of the official languages of many international organizations, including the United Nations, the European Union, and the International Red Cross.The influence of French on the English language can be seen in many ways. One of the most obvious is the large number of French words and phrases that have been adopted into English. These include words like "ballet," "champagne," "cuisine," "fiancé," "entrepreneur," and "rendezvous." In fact, it is estimated that over 30% of English words have French origins.French has also had a significant impact on English grammar and syntax. For example, French uses gendered nouns and adjectives, and this has influenced the way gender is expressed in English. French also has a different word order and sentence structure, which has had an impact on the way English sentences are constructed.In addition to vocabulary and grammar, French has also influenced English pronunciation. Many English words that have French origins are pronounced with a French accent, such as "debris," "garage," and "bouquet." French has also influenced the way English speakers pronounce certain sounds, such as the "r" sound in words like "restaurant" and "entrepreneur."The influence of French on the English language is not limited to vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation. It has also had a significant impact on English literature, art, music, and culture. French literature, for example, has been a major influence on English literature for centuries, and many English writers have been inspired by French authors and poets.In conclusion, French is a beautiful and influential language that has had a profound impact on the English language and culture. Its rich history, deep cultural significance, and unique linguistic features make it a fascinating subject of study for anyone interested in languages and linguistics. Whether you are a language enthusiast, a student of literature, or simply a lover of words, French is a language that is worth exploring and celebrating.。

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高二英语UNIT19-20（一）单项选择1. When he entered the room, he found Wang Ping_____ at the desk,_______.A seating , to readB sat ,readC seated ,readingD sitting himself ,to read2. It’s no use____ that you didn’t know the rules.A you pretendB your pretendingC to pretendD you to pretend3 It is the ability to do the job __________ matters not where you come from or what you are.A. oneB. thatC. whatD. it4. The young man works like crazy from a __________ to become rich.A. needB. desireC. orderD. suggestion5. I’ll lend you the money only on__________ you can pay __________ on time.A. one condition; for itB. condition that; for itC. one condition; it backD. condition that; it back6. The __________ couple __________ for five years.[N]A. marrying; have marriedB.marrying; have been marriedC. married; have marriedD. married; have been married7. Immediately I __________ my homework, I’ll have a hot bath.A. have finished to doB. finish to doC. have finished doingD. had finished8.—Have you seen her recently?—Yes.__________ that I met her in the cinema yesterday.A. It happenedB. It happensC. It so happenedD. It so happens9. You say you will not do it, but I say you __________ do it.[N]A. shallB. willC. wouldD. need10.__________ ,the man left all his money to his child.A. When he diesB. Before he was dyingC. After he is deadD. Upon his death11. She has collected __________ stamps as you.A. four times as manyB. as four times manyC. as many four timesD. four times many as12. “Sorry to trouble you.”“__________.”A. All rightB. No troubleC. That’s rightD. It doesn’t matter13.—Do you have his telephone number?—He __________ me his number, but I’m afraid I __________ it.A. has given; lostB. has given; have lostC. gave; lostD. gave; have lost14. The old car was sold for ￥100,000, which was more than its real __________ .A. costB. priceC. valueD. worth15.—Are you pleased with his work, sir?—Yes, it couldn’t be __________ .A. any betterB.any worseC.the bestD.the worst16. Mr Brown owns a __________ in town and lives well.A. dresses shopB. dress shopC. dresses’ shopD. dress’ shop17. The headmaster has __________ a plan __________ the new school year.A. worked; ofB. worked; forC. made; ofD. made; for18. It seems that the Hope Project __________ well in China.A. is got alongB. is being got alongC. is getting alongD. is getting along with19. I called Jack this morning, but he wasn’t in. I’ll have to __________ this evening.A. ring him backB. ring him upC. ring him offD. ring him in20.Fortune b______(保佑)him with success an victory.21.Alas! Your leg is hurt and bleeding. You must go to see a s_______(外科医生)22.He drinks too much . This is his only w________(弱点).23.Even an experienced teacher doesn’t know how to deal with the t__(令人烦恼的)boy.24.The fellow was sentenced to death for m___________(谋杀) a rich old lady.25.Believe in yourself. You should act on your owe j___________(判断)（二）完形填空When a person is curious about something, he is interested in it and ___26___ to know more about it. There is ___27___ with curiosity ___28___ itself.___29 it is good or bad _30___ on what people are curious about.Curiosity ___31__ silly or wrong. Some people with nothing _32___ are full of curiosity about __33___ their neighbours are doing. They are __34___ to know what they are eating or drinking, what they are __35__ home or taking outside, or __36__ they have come home so early or so _37_. To be interested in these things ___38__ silly. It’s _39___ of their business. It often brings harm,__40___ or quarrels to others, and ___41__ their feelings.__42__the other hand, there is a __43__ curiosity, the curiosity of wise people, who__44__ at all the great things and try to find out all they do about them. All the discoveries in __45_ history have been made as a result of curiosity.26. A. encouraged B. pleased C. wish D. eager27. A. something B. nothing C. much D. no28. A. of B. in C. on D. by29. A. If B. That C. How D. Whether30. A. keeps B. goes C. put D. depends31. A. always B. sometimes C. seldom D. never32. A. doing B. to do C. do D. done33. A. how B. which C. when D. what34. A. satisfied B. worried C. anxious D. permitted35. A. at B. bringing C. doing D. sending36. A. IF B. why C. where D. whether37. A. later B. late C. hurry D. happy38. A. are B. is C. turn out D. can’t be39. A. none B. not C. nothing D. not at all40. A. shame B. shade C. shadow D. ashamed41. A. ever B. besides C. thus D. never42. A. In B. On C. For D. With43. A. terrible B. strange C. noble D. instructive44 A. expect B. explore C. doubt D. wonder45. A. the human B. human’s C. humans’ D. human（四）阅读理解ATHEATRECity VarietiesThe Headrow, Leeds. Tel. 430808Oct 10—11 only A Night at the Varieties. All the fun of an old music hall with Barry Cryer, Duggle Brown, 6 dancers, Mystina, Jon Barker, Anne Duval and the Tony Harrison Trio. Laugh again at the old jokes and listen to your favourite songs.Performances: 8 pm nightly.Admission: ￡5; under 16 or over 60:￡4.York Theater RoyalSt Leonard’s Place, York. Tel. 223568Sept 23—Oct 17 Groping for Words—a comedy by Sue Townsend. Best known for her Adrian Mole Diaries, Townsend now writes about an evening class which two men and a woman attend. A gentle comedy. Admission: First night, Mon: ￡2; Tues—Fri;￡3.25—5.50;Sat:￡3.50—5.57.Halifax PlayhouseKing’s Cross Street, Halifax. Tel. 365998Oct 10—17 On Golden Pond by Ernest Thompson. This is magical comedy about real people. A beautifully produced, well-acted play for everyone. Don’t miss it.Performances: 7:30 pro.Admission: ￡2. Mon: 2 seats for the price of one.Grand TheatreOxford Street , Leeds. Tel. 502116Restaurant and Café.Oct 1—17 The Secret Diary of Adrian Mole, Aged 13. Sue Townsend’s musical play, based on her best-selling book.Performances: Evenings 7:45. October 10—17, at 2:30 pro. No Monday performances.Admission, Tues—Thurs: ￡2—5; Fri & Sat:￡2—6.1. Which theatre offers the cheapest seat?A. Halifax Playhouse.B. City Varieties.C. Grand Theatre.D. York Theatre Royal2. If you want to see a play with old jokes and songs, which phone number will you ring to booka seat?A. 502116B. 223568.C. 365998.D. 430808.3. We may learn from the text that Sue Townsend is__________ .A. a writerB. an actressC. a musicianD. a directorBIf you ask people to name the one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like“Shakespeare”,“Samuel Johnson”and“Webster”,but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn’t e ven speak English—William the Conqueror.Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups. In the west-central region lived the Welsh, who spoke a Celtic language, and in the north lived the Scots, whose language, though not the same as Welsh, was also Celtic. In the rest of the country lived the Saxons, actually a mixture of Anglos, Saxons, and other Germanic and Nordic peoples, who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon (or Old English), a Germanic language. If this state of affairs had lasted, English today would be close to German.But this state of affairs did not last. In 1066 the Normans led by William defeated the Saxons and began their rule over England. For about a century, French became the official language of England while Old English became the language of peasants. As a result, English words of politics and the law come from French rather than German. In some cases, modern English even shows a distinction(区别) between upper-class French and lower-class Anglo-Saxon in its words. We even have different words for some food, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked, which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming, while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.When Americans visit Europe for the first time, they usually find Germany more“foreign”than France because the German they see on signs and advertisements seems much more different from English than French does. Few realize that the English language is actually Germanic in its beginning and that the French influences are all the result of one man’s ambition.4. The two major languages spoken in what is now called Great Britain before 1066 were __________ .A. Welsh and ScottishB. Nordic and GermanicC. Celtic and Old EnglishD. Anglo-Saxon and Germanic5. Which of the following groups of words are, by inference; rooted in French?A. President; lawyer; beef.B. President; bread; water.C. Bread; field; sheep.D. Folk; field; cow.6. Why does France appear less foreign than Germany to Americans on their first visit to Europe?A. Most advertisements in France appear in English.B. They know little of the history of the English language.C. Many French words are similar to English ones.D. They know French better than German.7. What is the subject discussed in the text?A. The history of Great Britain.B. The similarity between English and French.C. The rule of England by William the Conqueror.D. The French influences on the English language.CWe know that many animals do not stay in one place. Birds, fish and other animals move from one place to another at a certain time. They move for different reasons: most of them move to find food more easily, but others move to get away from places that are too crowded.When cold weather comes, many birds move to warmer places to find food. Some fishes give birth in warm water and move to cold water to feed. The most famous migration（迁移）is probably the migration of the fish, which is called“salmon”. This fish is born in fresh water but it travels many miles to salt water. There it spends its life. When it is old, it returns to its birthplace in fresh water. Then it gives birth and dies there. In northern Europe, there is a kind of mouse. Then it gives birth and dies there. In northern Europe, there is a kind of mouse. They leave their mountain homes when they become too crowded. They move down to the low land. Sometimes they move all the way to the seaside, and many of them are killed when they fall into the sea.Recently, scientists have studied the migration of a kind of lobster（龙虾）. Every year, when the season of bad weather arrives, the lobsters get into a long line and start to walk across the floor of the ocean. Nobody knows why they do this, and nobody knows where they go.So, sometimes we know why humans and animals move from one place to another, but at other times we don’t. Maybe living things just like to travel.8. Most animals move from one place to another at a certain time to __________ .A. give birthB. enjoy warmer weatherC. find food more easilyD. find beautiful places9. The fish called “salmon”spends a long life in __________ .A. salt waterB. riversC. fresh waterD. its birthplace10. The mice in northern Europe move when __________ .A. they give birthB. the weather is badC. the place gets too crowdedD. they haven’t enough food11. The lobsters move __________ .A. to the fresh waterB. to the sea floorC. at a certain timeD. to find more food12. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Animals move in order to find food more easily.B. The migration of the fish called“salmon”is the most famous migration.C. Living things move from one place to another because they like to travel.D. Sometimes we know why and how living things move from one place to another, but sometimes we do n’t.DTHE BRONTE FAMILY(2004,全国) Yorkshire, England was the setting for two great novels（小说）of the 19th century. These were Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre and Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights. The youngest sister, Anne, was also a gifted novelist, and her books have the same extraordinary quality as her sisters’.Their father was Patrick Bronte, born in Ireland. He moved with his wife, Maria Bronte, and their six small children to Haworth in Yorkshire in 1820. Soon after, Mrs Bronte and the two eldest children died, leaving the father to care for the remaining three girls and a boy.Charlotte was born in 1816. Emily was born in 1818 and Anne in 1820. Their brother Branwell was born in 1817. Left to themselves, the children wrote and told stories and walked over the hills. They grew up largely self-educated. Branwell showed a great interest in drawing. The girls were determined to earn money for his art education. They took positions as teachers or taught children in their homes.As children they had all written many stories. Charlotte, as a young girl, alone wrote 22 books, each with 60 to 100 pages of small handwriting. Therefore, they turned to writing for income. By 1847, Charlotte had written The Professor; Emily, Wuthering Heights; and Anne, Agnes Grey. After much difficulty Anne and Emily found a publisher（出版商）,but there was no interest shown in Charlotte’s book.(It was not published until 1859.) However, one publisher expressed an interest in seeing more of her work. Jane Eyre was already started, and she hurriedly finished it. It was accepted at once; thus each of the sisters had a book published in 1847.Jane Eyre was immediately successful; the other two, however, did not do so well. People did not like Wuthering Heights.They said it was too wild, too animallike. But gradually it came to be considered one of the finest novels in the English language. Emily lived only a short while after the publication of her book, and Anne died in 1849.Charlotte published Shirley in 1849, and Villette in 1853. In 1854 she married Arthur Bell Nicholls. But only a year later, she died of tuberculosis（肺结核）as her sisters had.13. What did the Bronte sisters want to do for Branwell Bronte?A. Help him write stories.B. Help him get trained in art.C. Teach him how to draw well.D. Teach him how to educate himself.14. We know from the text that __________ .A. Jane Eyre was published in 1847B. Charlotte Bronte wrote 22 books in allC. the Bronte sisters received good educationD. Patrick Bronte helped his daughters with their writing15. Which of the following was published after the death of its writer?A. Shirley.B. Villette.C. Agnes Grey.D.The Professor.16. The underlined words“the other two”in the 5th paragraph refers to __________ .A. Shirley and VilletteB. The Professor and Agnes GreyC. Agnes Grey and Wuthering HeightsD. The Professor and Wuthering Heights17.What do we know about the Bronte sisters from the text?A. Their novels interested few publishers.B. None of them had more than two books published.C. None of them lived longer than 40 years old.D. Emily was the least successful of the three.（五）补全对话Mary: What do you find most difficult in you English study?Wang: I find speaking really difficult.____1____Mary: Well, you need more practice.______2____Wang:_____3_____Mary: Why not go to the “English Corner”? There are a lot of people practicing speaking English there.Wang:_____4_____Mary: Of course. Just keep on practicing speaking English._____5_____Wang: Thank you.A. How often do you speak English?B. That’s easier said than done.C. Sometimes it’s just impossible to open my mouth.D. English is the most difficult language to learn.E. I’m sure your spoken English will be improved.F. The more you speak English, the easier it becomes.G. Do you think that would help?（六）短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）This morning I didn’t want to go to school. 1.__________Because I was tired studies, the days in the school 2.__________seemed to be long and longer with passing 3.__________days. And I tried to pretend I was sick in order that 4.__________I would not have to go to school, but I was failed. 5.__________The reason was why I was not good at lying. So 6.__________I decided to go to school. On the way, I tried to 7.__________singing a popular song to making myself feel better. 8.__________To my surprise, I sudden realized that the joy 9.__________of life does not come from what we searched for 10.__________in life or comes from what we put into life.（七）书面表达（满分30分）请根据下面图画中所示的现象和所给提示，用英语写一篇90～120词的短文，以便刊登在Beijing Review上。