山东省潍坊市高考语文第三次模拟考试试题注意：本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。
第I卷（选择题共70分）第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
AIn case you need more reasons to love dogs, here’s an amazing one: Petting a dog for just 15 minutes can reduce your stress levels. That’s a scientifically proven fact. Studies on the benefits of petting animals have shown that human-animal interaction(互动)activates the release of oxytocin(催产素)—a hormone associated with social bonding, relaxation and stress relief.Stress is blamed for poor sleep, poor concentration, high blood pressure and general unhappiness. According to psychologist NickHall, stroking an animal lowers blood pressure and anxiety by activating the parasympathetic (副交感神经的) nervous system. It releases calming chemicals like serotonin (血清素), prolactin (催乳素) and oxytocin. “When we stoke a pet, our blood pressure lowers, and our body's physiological response to stress(应激)turns off,” he explains.Scientific studies aside, anyone who’s spent time with a dog knows how calming it can be. They have that incredible ability to make us feel loved and important regardless of what’s going on in our lives. However, science aside, there’s something deeper going on with dogs. They have a unique ability to mirror our emotions and intuitively pick up on how we are feeling. Whenever I feel sad or low, my dog will arrive by my side and lie there quietly. She hasn’t said anything, but I feel reassured by her presence. Dogs are need-meeters, they pick up on when we are feeling low and will come over to check if we are okay. They will adapt to our mood, mirroring our emotions in many ways.21. According to the passage, when petting a dog, we may ______.A. get to sleep wellB. have low blood pressureC. improve our happinessD. become more concentrated22. According to psychologist Nick Hall, stroking an animal is helpful for people to ______.A. feel more importantB. make more friendsC. avoid getting angryD. lessen the response to stress23. The underlined phrase “have that incredible ability” in Paragraph 3 means that dogs ______.A. have a deep understanding of humans’ emotionsB. can feel what humans are feelingC. can show love to humans without any conditionD. have the power to cure some mental diseases24. According to the author, what can dogs do when we feel low or sad?A. Cry by our sideB. Cheer us up in their own wayC. Stay away from us deliberatelyD. Lie there waiting for our help【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. BBKamikatsu, in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan, is known for its progressive attitude toward waste. A decade ago, the town declared its intention to stop using landfills(垃圾场)by 2020, and instead aims to be zero-waste, with everything either reused, recycled or composted. According to reports, the town already recycles about 80% of its waste.But Kamikatsu’s zero-waste system goes much further than simply separating glass bottles from kitchen waste. The town’s residents have a set of complex, self-imposed rules, which were introduced in 2003, that specify how to dispose of different items and keep materials in circulation.Household goods with significant residual value—such as washing machines or refrigerators—are given to charities or used-goods stores, while items such as electric kettles and clothes irons are sent to town hall for neighbours to use instead of buying their own. But the rules become a bit more demanding when it comes to items such as cans or toothbrushes. Cans should be rinsed clean, labels need to be removed, and they must be separated into their specific metal types. Toothbrushes have to be removed from their packaging and their bristles pulled out of their plastic bases. Thislevel of attention to detail is intended to ensure that materials are as pure as possible and can be more easily recycled.Kamikatsu’s system is carefully managed by a team of about 30 members called ‘kobitos’ who help residents with their recycling and ensure that the right refuse goes into the right bin. The town’s will to act for the good of the environment has even led to the discovery of new recycling techniques: In 2015, the kobitos worked with Osaka University to develop a method for recycling disposable paper cartons. And the project’s su ccess has led to other towns following suit.25. Why does Kamikatsu want to be an absolutely zero-waste town?A. To make the town more green and beautiful.B. To conserve both energy and natural resources.C. To stop people from throwing anything away.D. To stop using landfills as soon as possible.26. In Kamikatsu, how are items such as electric kettles and clothes irons reused?A. They are given to charities or used-goods stores.B. They are sent from house to house as gifts.C. They are recycled into other goods.D. They are sold in town hall at a lower price.27. Why does Kamikatsu have strict rules on how to dispose of items?A. To ensure that goods circulate properly.B. To reduce the pollution from waste materials.C. To make sure that all materials are recyclable.D. To reduce the cost of recycling.28. What is special about the kobitos in Kamikatsu?A. They help residents to manage their households.B. They encourage people to lead a zero-waste lifestyle.C. They work for Osaka University to recycle paper cartons.D. They monitor the operation of the town's recycling system.【答案】25. D 26. A 27. A 28. DCNews reporter Rachel Parsons’ profile on social media sites says: “My cat is my baby.” That’s a common sentiment(情感)among owners of cats, dogs and other pets.Some people choose to call themselves "pet parents". That phrase is now commonly used instead of "pet owners" by those of us who live with companion animals.But are we really treating our animal companions like children? In some ways, yes. Many of the things we do for pets are things most of us would do for our children: we feed them, care for them, but also love, discipline and comfort them.Pets are often referred to as "fur babies". We take them to the vet for regular checkups, just as we take children to the pediatrician(小儿科医生). We also want them to have fun, and provide them with toys, treats, and social interactions, both with us and with other animals.But does that mean that pet parenting is the same as being a parent? “It’s an issue that comes up quite a lot,” says Clare Wilson, a senior lecturer in human-animal interactions at the University of Lincoln in the UK. “I think there’s a lot of overlap in how people experience their relations with children and pets, but at the same time, there are some really important differences.”One key difference is legal: pets are considered property, not living beings. That means their owners can legally abandon them or put them to sleep for reasons that wouldn’t be acceptab le for children. Another difference is that, because of their shorter lifespans, the length of our relationship is different. If you get a pet as a newborn, your life stage is about the same—but a dog’s average life span of12 years could mean you outlive your furry friend. For cats, the average life span is about 15 years.So, are you a pet owner, a pet parent or something else entirely? In reality, Clare Wilson says, there’s no unambiguous(不含糊的)term that covers everyone’s relationship with their compan ion animals. The truth is that dogs, cats and other pets are important parts of our social support systems.29. Why do some people call themselves "pet parents"?A. Because they give their pets the treatment they give their children.B. Because they never share their love and toys with their pets.C. Because they have no children of their own.D. Because they are the only ones in charge of their pets.30. What do people commonly do for both their pets and their children?A. Feed, care for and comfort them.B. Discipline, scold and educate them.C. Take them to a beauty salon.D. Give them medicines when they are sick.31. What’s a key difference between pets and children?A. Length of lifespan.B. Amount of attention.C. Level of obedience.D. Degree of devotion.32. Why does the author say, pets are “important parts of our social support systems”?A. Because pets give us emotional support like human beings do.B. Because pets can work and earn money for us.C. Because pets are our only friends in social activities.D. Because pets can help us talk to others about problems.【答案】29. A 30. A 31. A 32. ADCan you believe that there are such creatures as blue lobsters? They only appear once in every two million lobsters caught. In fact, they are actually quite rare.The first thing you will notice on a blue lobster is the obvious contrast(对比)against the bright red of a cooked lobster. However, the blues don’t get their unique color from cooking. Very similarly to humans and our skin color, lobsters also have pigments (色素) which give them their color. The pigments in a lobster's shell are produced by mixing red, yellow and blue, and the exact balance produces different shades of orange and yellow. By contrast, the blue pigment is produced by a genetic defect which sends signalsto lobster's body to produce more of a certain pigment. This pigment is blue, and the more the signal is given, the bluer the lobster.Another interesting feature of blue lobsters is their strength and size. Reports vary greatly, so no one knows for sure, but it is estimated that blue lobsters are 1 in 2 million, or is a more realistic 1 in 200 million.From an evolutionary point of view, bright color is often a sign of a trustworthy mate that is able and willing to use their strength, courage or related attributes to defend their offspring. Lobsters are no exception: male lobsters turn bright red as well, while female lobsters are paler and carry eggs over their tails until hatching. The female lobster can lay up to 100,000 eggs per pound of her bodymass, so a blue female lobster should be an even more exciting find.Some lobster catchers have attempted to predict when a blue lobster is likely to be caught. Some say that it has always happened when the tide was changing, while others state that they tend to be caught in late summer in Maine.33. Which of the following statements is NOT true about blue lobsters?A. They are rare.B. They are never caught.C. They get their color from pigments.D. They have a genetic defect.34. According to Paragraph 2, what does the color of lobsters' shells result from?A. Mixing pigments of red and yellow.B. Balance between different signals.C. A genetic defect to produce pigments of red and yellow.D. The different dosage of acid secretion.35. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?A. Female lobsters do have a trustworthy mate.B. Female lobsters are stronger and more courageous than males.C. Bright color is likely to prove fitness in mate selection for lobsters.D. Male lobsters always turn blue.36. What do some lobster catchers believe about blue lobsters?A. They can’t be caught.B. They can be caught wherever the location is.C. They can only be caught with a high tide.D. They can be caught mostly in summer.【答案】33. B 34. A 35. C 36. D第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
